4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
20 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
21 use Text::SimpleTable ();
22 use Path::Class::Dir ();
23 use Path::Class::File ();
27 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
28 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
30 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
35 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
37 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
38 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
39 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
40 has stats => (is => 'rw');
41 has action => (is => 'rw');
42 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
43 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
44 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
45 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
47 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
48 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
51 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
54 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
57 # For backwards compatibility
58 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
63 our $RECURSION = 1000;
64 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
65 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
67 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
68 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
69 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
70 for qw/container components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
71 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
74 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
75 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
76 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
77 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
78 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
80 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
82 our $VERSION = '5.80032';
85 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
87 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
89 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
91 my $caller = caller();
92 return if $caller eq 'main';
94 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
95 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
96 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
97 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
99 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
100 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
102 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
103 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
104 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
107 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
111 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
115 sub _application { $_[0] }
119 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
123 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
124 documentation and tutorials.
126 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
127 # use the helper to create a new application
130 # add models, views, controllers
131 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
132 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
133 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
135 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
136 # --help to see all available options
137 script/myapp_server.pl
139 # command line testing interface
140 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
143 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
145 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
146 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
147 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
148 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
149 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
151 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
152 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
153 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
154 # do something else after forward returns
158 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
159 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
163 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
164 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
166 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
168 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
169 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
170 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
171 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
173 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
176 # called after all actions are finished
178 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
179 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
180 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
181 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
184 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
185 # called for /foo/bar
186 sub bar : Local { ... }
188 # called for /blargle
189 sub blargle : Global { ... }
191 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
192 sub index : Private { ... }
194 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
195 # called for /foo/bar/baz
196 sub baz : Local { ... }
198 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
199 sub auto : Private { ... }
201 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
202 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
203 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
204 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
205 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
208 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
212 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
213 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
214 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
215 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
217 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
219 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
220 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
221 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
224 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
226 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
227 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
231 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
234 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
235 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
237 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
239 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
240 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
242 The following flags are supported:
246 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
247 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
248 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
251 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
252 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
256 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
257 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
259 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
263 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
265 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
267 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
268 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
269 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
270 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
271 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
273 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
274 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
275 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
276 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
277 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
278 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
279 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
283 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
285 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
289 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
291 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
293 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
294 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
295 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
297 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
301 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
305 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
306 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
310 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
311 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
313 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
314 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
320 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
321 information about the current client request (including parameters,
322 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
324 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
326 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
328 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
330 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
331 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
332 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
333 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
334 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
336 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
339 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
340 $c->forward('index');
341 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
342 $c->forward('View::TT');
344 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
345 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
346 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
347 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
348 need to do something like:
351 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
353 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
356 $c->forward('foo') || return;
358 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
359 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
360 Thus, something like:
364 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
365 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
366 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
369 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
371 and access it from the stash.
373 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
377 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
379 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
381 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
385 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
386 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
388 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
392 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
394 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
396 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
398 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
399 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
400 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
401 you go to are called, just like a new request.
403 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
404 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
405 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
406 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
407 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
408 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
409 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
410 invoked from the callee.
412 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
414 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
415 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
416 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
417 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
418 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
422 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
424 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
426 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
428 The relationship between C<go> and
429 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
430 the relationship between
431 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
432 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
433 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
434 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
435 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
436 does not return to its caller.
438 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
439 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
444 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
450 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
454 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
455 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
456 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
457 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
458 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
459 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
462 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
463 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
464 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
466 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
467 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
471 around stash => sub {
474 my $stash = $orig->($c);
476 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
477 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
478 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
479 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
489 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
491 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
493 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
494 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
495 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
497 my @error = @{ $c->error };
501 $c->error('Something bad happened');
508 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
509 croak @$error unless ref $c;
510 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
512 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
513 return $c->{error} || [];
519 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
520 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
521 values it returns are scalar.
523 =head2 $c->clear_errors
525 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
526 implementing a custom error screen.
528 This is equivalent to running
539 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
541 =head2 $c->controller($name)
543 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
545 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
547 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
550 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
552 # find all controllers that start with Foo
553 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
559 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
561 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container( 'controller', $name, $c, @args)
564 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
567 =head2 $c->model($name)
569 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
571 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
573 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
575 If the name is omitted, it will look for
576 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
577 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
578 - a config setting 'default_model', or
579 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
581 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
583 # find all models that start with Foo
584 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
589 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
590 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
591 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('model');
593 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container( 'model', $name, $c, @args)
597 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
598 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
599 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
600 if $c->stash->{current_model};
602 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
603 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
605 # FIXME: will this still be mantained?
606 my( $comp, $rest ) = $container->get_service_list;
609 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
610 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
611 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
612 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
613 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
616 return $container->get_component( $comp, $c, @args );
620 =head2 $c->view($name)
622 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
624 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
626 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
628 If the name is omitted, it will look for
629 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
630 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
631 - a config setting 'default_view', or
632 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
634 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
636 # find all views that start with Foo
637 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
642 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
643 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
644 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('view');
646 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container( 'view', $name, $c, @args)
650 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
651 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
652 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
653 if $c->stash->{current_view};
655 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
656 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
658 my( $comp, $rest ) = $container->get_service_list;
661 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
662 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
663 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
664 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
665 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
668 return $container->get_component( $comp, $c, @args );
671 =head2 $c->controllers
673 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
679 return $c->container->get_sub_container('controller')->get_service_list;
684 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
690 return $c->container->get_sub_container('model')->get_service_list;
696 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
702 return $c->container->get_sub_container('view')->get_service_list;
705 =head2 $c->comp($name)
707 =head2 $c->component($name)
709 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
710 unless you want to get a specific component by full
711 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
712 should be used instead.
714 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
715 component name will be returned.
720 my ( $c, $component, @args ) = @_;
723 # FIXME: I probably shouldn't be doing this
724 return $c->components->{$component}
725 if exists $c->components->{$component};
727 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
729 if ($type && $c->container->has_sub_container($type)) {
730 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container($type);
732 if( !ref $component && $container->has_service($name) ) {
733 return $container->get_component( $name, $c, @args );
736 return $container->get_component_regexp( $name, $c, @args );
739 if (ref $component) {
740 for my $subcontainer_name (qw/model view controller/) {
741 my $subcontainer = $c->container->get_sub_container($subcontainer_name);
742 my @components = $subcontainer->get_service_list;
743 my @result = grep { m{$component} } @components;
745 return map { $subcontainer->get_component( $_, $c, @args ) } @result;
749 $c->log->warn("Looking for '$component', but nothing was found.");
751 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
755 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
758 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
762 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
764 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
766 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
767 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
768 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
770 =head3 Cascading configuration
772 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
773 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
774 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
775 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
776 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
777 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
779 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
780 component is constructed.
784 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
785 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
787 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
790 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
796 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
797 on the receiving component to access the config value.
799 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
803 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
809 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
810 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
812 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
813 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
814 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
815 the constructor and use those instead.
819 around config => sub {
823 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
824 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
831 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
832 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
833 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
834 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
836 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
841 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
843 Your log class should implement the methods described in
849 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
851 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
855 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
857 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
859 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
861 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
865 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
867 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
873 =head2 $c->dispatcher
875 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
879 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
882 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
884 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
886 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
887 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
888 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
889 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
893 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
898 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
899 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
900 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
901 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
904 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
906 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
907 loads and instantiates the given class.
909 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
911 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
913 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
914 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
915 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
920 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
922 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
923 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
925 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
927 eval { $plugin->import };
928 $class->mk_classdata($name);
930 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
933 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
934 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
938 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
944 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
945 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
946 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
950 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
955 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
956 croak('Running setup more than once')
957 if ( $class->setup_finished );
959 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
961 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
962 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
965 if ( $class->arguments ) {
966 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
972 foreach (@arguments) {
976 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
978 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
979 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
982 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
986 $class->setup_config();
987 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
989 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
990 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
991 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
992 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
993 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
995 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
997 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
998 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1001 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1005 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1006 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1007 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1008 You are running an old script!
1010 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1011 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1013 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1014 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1019 if ( $class->debug ) {
1020 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1023 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1024 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1025 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1026 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1029 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1030 my $engine = $class->engine;
1031 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1033 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1034 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1038 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1039 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1040 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1043 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1044 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1046 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1047 local *setup = sub { };
1048 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1051 # Initialize our data structure
1052 $class->components( {} );
1054 $class->setup_components;
1056 if ( $class->debug ) {
1057 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1058 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1059 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1060 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1061 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1063 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1064 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1067 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1068 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1069 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1072 $class->setup_actions;
1074 if ( $class->debug ) {
1075 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1076 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1079 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1080 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1082 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1085 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1087 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1088 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1091 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1092 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1093 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1094 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1095 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1097 $meta->make_immutable(
1098 replace_constructor => 1,
1099 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1102 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1103 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1104 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1107 $class->setup_finalize;
1108 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1109 # setup_finalize can log..
1110 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1111 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1114 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1116 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1117 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1119 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1123 after setup_finalize => sub {
1131 sub setup_finalize {
1133 $class->setup_finished(1);
1136 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1138 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1140 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1141 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1142 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1143 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1144 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1146 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1147 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1148 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1150 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1151 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1152 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1153 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1154 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1156 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1157 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1158 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1159 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1160 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1161 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1164 The captures for the current request can be found in
1165 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1166 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1167 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1169 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1170 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1171 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1173 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1174 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1176 # Path to a static resource
1177 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1182 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1184 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1185 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1190 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1193 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1195 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1196 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1197 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1198 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1201 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1202 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1203 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1204 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1208 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1209 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1210 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1214 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1215 if (not defined $path) {
1216 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1220 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1223 unshift(@args, $path);
1225 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1226 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1227 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1228 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1230 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1233 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1234 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1235 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1237 my $base = $c->req->base;
1238 my $class = ref($base);
1239 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1243 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1244 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1245 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1246 my $val = $params->{$_};
1247 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1250 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1253 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1254 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1255 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1257 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1261 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1265 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1267 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1273 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1275 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1276 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1279 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1282 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1284 For example, if the action looks like:
1286 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1288 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1292 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1294 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1300 sub uri_for_action {
1301 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1302 my $action = blessed($path)
1304 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1305 unless (defined $action) {
1306 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1308 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1311 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1313 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1317 sub welcome_message {
1319 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1320 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1321 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1322 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1324 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1325 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1326 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1328 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1329 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1330 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1331 <style type="text/css">
1334 background-color: #eee;
1341 margin-bottom: 10px;
1343 background-color: #ccc;
1344 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1349 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1352 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1355 text-decoration: none;
1357 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1359 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1372 background-color: #fff;
1373 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1377 font-weight: normal;
1399 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1404 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1406 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1407 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1408 framework will make web development something you had
1409 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1410 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1411 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1412 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1413 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1414 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1415 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1417 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1419 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1420 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1422 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1423 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1424 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1425 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1426 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1427 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1428 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1429 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1430 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1431 you are likely to find what you need there.
1435 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1436 get in touch with us.</p>
1439 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1442 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1445 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1448 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1449 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1450 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1451 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1459 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1461 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1463 =head2 $c->components
1465 Returns a hash of components.
1469 around components => sub {
1474 return $class->$orig if ( !$comps );
1476 # FIXME: should this ugly kludge exist?
1477 $class->setup_config unless defined $class->container;
1479 # FIXME: should there be a warning here, not to use this accessor to create the components?
1480 my $components = {};
1483 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
1485 for my $component ( keys %$comps ) {
1486 $components->{ $component } = $comps->{$component};
1488 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
1490 # FIXME: shouldn't the service name be $name?
1491 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
1494 return $class->$orig($components);
1497 =head2 $c->context_class
1499 Returns or sets the context class.
1503 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1504 deep recursion detection).
1508 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1512 Dispatches a request to actions.
1516 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1518 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1520 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1522 =head2 $c->dump_these
1524 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1525 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1531 [ Request => $c->req ],
1532 [ Response => $c->res ],
1533 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1534 [ Config => $c->config ];
1537 =head2 $c->engine_class
1539 Returns or sets the engine class.
1541 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1543 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1549 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1550 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1553 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1554 my $action = $code->reverse();
1555 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1556 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1557 $c->log->error($error);
1563 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1565 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1567 no warnings 'recursion';
1568 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1569 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1570 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1572 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1574 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1576 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1577 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1578 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1580 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1581 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1584 unless ( ref $error ) {
1585 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1587 my $class = $last->class;
1588 my $name = $last->name;
1589 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1598 sub _stats_start_execute {
1599 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1600 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1601 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1602 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1604 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1605 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1607 my $action = $action_name;
1608 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1610 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1611 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1612 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1614 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1616 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1617 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1619 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1620 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1621 $action = "-> $action";
1626 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1628 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1629 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1630 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1632 # forward, locate the caller
1633 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1636 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1642 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1661 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1662 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1663 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1668 Finalizes the request.
1675 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1676 $c->log->error($error);
1679 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1680 my $engine = $c->engine;
1681 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1686 $c->finalize_uploads;
1689 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1693 $c->finalize_headers;
1696 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1697 $c->response->body('');
1705 if ($c->use_stats) {
1706 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1707 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1709 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1712 return $c->response->status;
1715 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1721 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1723 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1729 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1731 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1737 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1739 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1745 sub finalize_headers {
1748 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1750 # Check if we already finalized headers
1751 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1754 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1755 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1756 $response->header( Location => $location );
1758 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1759 # Add a default body if none is already present
1761 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1767 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1769 # get the length from a filehandle
1770 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1772 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1773 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1774 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1777 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1781 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1782 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1787 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1788 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1789 $response->body('');
1792 $c->finalize_cookies;
1794 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1797 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1800 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1802 An alias for finalize_body.
1804 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1806 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1810 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1812 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1814 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1818 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1820 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1822 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1826 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1828 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1830 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1835 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1837 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1839 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1843 sub handle_request {
1844 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1846 # Always expect worst case!
1849 if ($class->debug) {
1850 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1851 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1852 my $time = localtime time;
1853 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1856 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1858 $status = $c->finalize;
1861 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1863 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1868 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1869 $class->log->$coderef();
1874 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1876 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1882 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1885 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1886 # into the application.
1887 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1889 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1891 # For on-demand data
1892 $c->request->_context($c);
1893 $c->response->_context($c);
1895 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1896 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1897 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1898 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1901 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1902 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1903 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1904 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1907 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1908 $c->prepare_connection;
1909 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1910 $c->prepare_headers;
1911 $c->prepare_cookies;
1914 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1915 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1918 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1919 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1924 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1925 my $path = $c->req->path;
1926 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1927 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1936 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1938 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1942 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1944 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1946 Prepares message body.
1953 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1955 # Initialize on-demand data
1956 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1957 $c->prepare_parameters;
1958 $c->prepare_uploads;
1961 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1963 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1965 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1969 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1971 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1974 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1976 Prepares body parameters.
1980 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1982 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1985 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1987 Prepares connection.
1991 sub prepare_connection {
1993 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1996 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2002 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2004 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2010 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2012 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2014 Prepares parameters.
2018 sub prepare_parameters {
2020 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2021 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2024 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2026 Prepares path and base.
2030 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2032 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2034 Prepares query parameters.
2038 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2041 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2044 =head2 $c->log_request
2046 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2050 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2052 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2054 =item * Request parameters
2056 =item * File uploads
2065 return unless $c->debug;
2067 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2068 my $request = $dump->[1];
2070 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2072 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2074 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2076 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2078 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2079 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2082 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2084 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2087 =head2 $c->log_response
2089 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2090 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2097 return unless $c->debug;
2099 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2100 my $response = $dump->[1];
2102 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2103 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2106 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2108 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2112 =item * Response status code
2114 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2116 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2122 sub log_response_status_line {
2123 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2127 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2128 $response->status || 'unknown',
2129 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2130 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2135 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2137 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2138 No-op in the default implementation.
2142 sub log_response_headers {}
2144 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2146 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2150 sub log_request_parameters {
2152 my %all_params = @_;
2154 return unless $c->debug;
2156 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2157 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2158 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2159 next if ! keys %$params;
2160 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2161 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2162 my $param = $params->{$key};
2163 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2164 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2166 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2170 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2172 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2173 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2178 sub log_request_uploads {
2180 my $request = shift;
2181 return unless $c->debug;
2182 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2183 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2184 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2185 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2190 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2191 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2192 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2193 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2196 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2200 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2202 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2203 No-op in the default implementation.
2207 sub log_request_headers {}
2209 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2211 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2218 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2220 return unless $c->debug;
2222 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2223 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2226 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2227 $t->row( $name, $value );
2230 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2234 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2236 Prepares the input for reading.
2240 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2242 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2244 Prepares the engine request.
2248 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2250 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2256 sub prepare_uploads {
2259 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2262 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2264 Prepares the output for writing.
2268 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2270 =head2 $c->request_class
2272 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2274 =head2 $c->response_class
2276 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2278 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2280 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2281 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2282 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2284 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2287 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2288 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2289 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2293 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2301 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
2303 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2305 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2309 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2311 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2313 Sets up actions for a component.
2317 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2319 =head2 $c->setup_config
2326 my %args = %{ $class->config || {} };
2328 my @container_classes = ( "${class}::Container", 'Catalyst::IOC::Container');
2329 unshift @container_classes, delete $args{container_class} if exists $args{container_class};
2331 my $container_class = Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class(@container_classes);
2333 my $container = $container_class->new( %args, name => "$class" );
2334 $class->container($container);
2336 my $config = $container->resolve(service => 'config');
2337 $class->config($config);
2338 $class->finalize_config; # back-compat
2341 =head2 $c->finalize_config
2345 sub finalize_config { }
2347 =head2 $c->setup_components
2349 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2351 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2352 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2353 each component into the application.
2355 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2357 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2362 sub setup_components {
2365 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2367 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2368 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2370 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2371 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2372 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2373 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2375 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2377 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2378 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2379 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2381 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2385 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
2387 for my $component (@comps) {
2388 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2389 if ( my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component) ) {
2390 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $instance } ));
2392 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2393 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2394 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2395 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2396 next if $comps{$component};
2398 $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @expanded_components;
2399 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2400 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2401 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2403 if (my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component)) {
2404 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
2407 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2412 sub _get_component_type_name {
2413 my $component = shift;
2414 my @parts = split /::/, $component;
2416 while (my $type = shift @parts) {
2417 return ('controller', join '::', @parts)
2418 if $type =~ /^(c|controller)$/i;
2420 return ('model', join '::', @parts)
2421 if $type =~ /^(m|model)$/i;
2423 return ('view', join '::', @parts)
2424 if $type =~ /^(v|view)$/i;
2428 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2430 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2431 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2433 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2434 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2435 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2436 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2440 sub locate_components {
2444 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2445 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2447 push @paths, @$extra;
2449 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2450 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2454 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2455 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2460 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2462 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2463 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2467 sub expand_component_module {
2468 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2469 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2472 =head2 $c->setup_component
2476 sub setup_component {
2477 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2479 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2483 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2484 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2485 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2486 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2487 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2488 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2490 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2492 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2494 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2495 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2498 elsif (!blessed $instance) {
2499 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2500 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2501 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2502 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2503 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2505 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2512 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2518 sub setup_dispatcher {
2519 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2522 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2525 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2526 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2529 unless ($dispatcher) {
2530 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2533 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2535 # dispatcher instance
2536 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2539 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2546 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2549 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2552 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2553 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2556 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2557 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2559 # create the apache method
2560 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2562 my ( $software, $version ) =
2563 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2566 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2568 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2572 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2573 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2576 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2577 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2580 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2581 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2585 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2586 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2591 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2592 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2593 *handler = sub : method {
2594 shift->handle_request(@_);
2598 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2603 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2604 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2608 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2609 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2614 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2617 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2619 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2621 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2622 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2627 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2628 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2633 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2634 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2639 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2640 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2646 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2647 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2652 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2655 =head2 $c->setup_home
2657 Sets up the home directory.
2662 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2664 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2668 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2671 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2672 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2673 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2677 =head2 $c->setup_log
2679 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2680 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2683 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2684 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2685 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2687 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2688 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2689 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2694 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2697 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2698 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2699 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2701 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2702 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2703 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2704 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2707 unless ( $class->log ) {
2708 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2711 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2712 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2713 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2717 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2723 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2725 Sets up timing statistics class.
2730 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2732 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2734 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2735 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2736 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2737 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2742 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2744 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2745 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2747 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2748 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2749 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2751 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2759 sub registered_plugins {
2761 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2763 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2764 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2767 sub _register_plugin {
2768 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2769 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2771 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2772 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2773 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2774 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2776 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2777 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2783 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2785 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2786 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2789 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2790 $class . '::Plugin',
2791 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2797 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2798 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2799 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2800 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2802 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2806 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2807 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2808 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2811 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2819 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2820 currently executing).
2824 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2825 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2826 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2828 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2829 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2830 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2833 =head2 $c->stats_class
2835 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2837 =head2 $c->use_stats
2839 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2841 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2842 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2849 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2851 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2852 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2853 your output data, if known.
2860 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2861 $c->finalize_headers;
2863 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2868 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2869 messages in template systems.
2873 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2875 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2877 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2883 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2887 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2891 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2892 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2893 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2897 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2901 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2906 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2907 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2908 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2912 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2913 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2914 templates to a different directory.
2918 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
2919 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
2920 C<< $c->components >>).
2924 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2925 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2929 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
2930 variable should be used for determining the request path. See L<Catalyst::Engine::CGI/PATH DECODING>
2931 for more information.
2935 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2939 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2941 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2942 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2943 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2945 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2947 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2949 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2950 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2951 parsing with a config parameter.
2953 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
2955 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2957 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2958 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2959 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2960 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2961 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2962 virtual host that the user connected through.
2964 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2965 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2966 changes are made to the request.
2968 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2969 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2971 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2972 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2974 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
2975 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
2976 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
2977 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
2978 be created properly.
2980 In the case of passing in:
2982 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
2984 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
2986 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2988 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2989 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2990 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2993 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
2995 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2997 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
2999 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3001 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3002 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3003 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3005 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3006 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3007 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3013 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3017 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3018 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3022 http://catalyst.perl.org
3026 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3030 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3032 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3034 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3036 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3038 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3040 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3042 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3044 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3046 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3048 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3054 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3056 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3060 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3066 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3068 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3070 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3072 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3074 chansen: Christian Hansen
3076 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3078 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3080 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3082 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3084 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3088 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3090 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3094 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3096 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3098 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3100 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3102 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3106 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3110 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3112 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3114 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3116 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3118 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3120 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3126 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3128 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3130 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3132 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3134 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3136 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3138 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3142 naughton: David Naughton
3144 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3146 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3148 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3154 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3156 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3158 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3160 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3162 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3164 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3166 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3170 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3172 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3176 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3178 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3180 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3182 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3184 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3186 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3188 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3192 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3196 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3197 the same terms as Perl itself.
3203 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;