4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
20 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
21 use Text::SimpleTable ();
22 use Path::Class::Dir ();
23 use Path::Class::File ();
27 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
28 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
30 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
35 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
37 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
38 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
39 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
40 has stats => (is => 'rw');
41 has action => (is => 'rw');
42 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
43 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
44 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
45 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
47 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
48 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
51 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
54 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
57 # For backwards compatibility
58 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
63 our $RECURSION = 1000;
64 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
65 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
67 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
68 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
69 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
70 for qw/container components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
71 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
74 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
75 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
76 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
77 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
78 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
80 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
82 our $VERSION = '5.80032';
85 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
87 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
89 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
91 my $caller = caller();
92 return if $caller eq 'main';
94 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
95 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
96 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
97 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
99 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
100 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
102 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
103 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
104 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
107 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
111 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
115 sub _application { $_[0] }
119 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
123 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
124 documentation and tutorials.
126 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
127 # use the helper to create a new application
130 # add models, views, controllers
131 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
132 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
133 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
135 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
136 # --help to see all available options
137 script/myapp_server.pl
139 # command line testing interface
140 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
143 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
145 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
146 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
147 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
148 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
149 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
151 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
152 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
153 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
154 # do something else after forward returns
158 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
159 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
163 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
164 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
166 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
168 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
169 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
170 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
171 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
173 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
176 # called after all actions are finished
178 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
179 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
180 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
181 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
184 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
185 # called for /foo/bar
186 sub bar : Local { ... }
188 # called for /blargle
189 sub blargle : Global { ... }
191 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
192 sub index : Private { ... }
194 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
195 # called for /foo/bar/baz
196 sub baz : Local { ... }
198 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
199 sub auto : Private { ... }
201 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
202 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
203 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
204 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
205 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
208 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
212 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
213 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
214 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
215 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
217 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
219 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
220 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
221 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
224 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
226 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
227 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
231 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
234 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
235 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
237 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
239 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
240 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
242 The following flags are supported:
246 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
247 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
248 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
251 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
252 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
256 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
257 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
259 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
263 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
265 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
267 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
268 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
269 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
270 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
271 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
273 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
274 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
275 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
276 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
277 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
278 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
279 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
283 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
285 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
289 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
291 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
293 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
294 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
295 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
297 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
301 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
305 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
306 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
310 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
311 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
313 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
314 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
320 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
321 information about the current client request (including parameters,
322 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
324 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
326 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
328 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
330 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
331 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
332 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
333 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
334 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
336 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
339 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
340 $c->forward('index');
341 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
342 $c->forward('View::TT');
344 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
345 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
346 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
347 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
348 need to do something like:
351 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
353 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
356 $c->forward('foo') || return;
358 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
359 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
360 Thus, something like:
364 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
365 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
366 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
369 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
371 and access it from the stash.
373 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
377 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
379 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
381 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
385 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
386 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
388 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
392 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
394 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
396 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
398 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
399 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
400 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
401 you go to are called, just like a new request.
403 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
404 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
405 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
406 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
407 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
408 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
409 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
410 invoked from the callee.
412 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
414 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
415 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
416 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
417 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
418 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
422 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
424 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
426 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
428 The relationship between C<go> and
429 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
430 the relationship between
431 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
432 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
433 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
434 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
435 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
436 does not return to its caller.
438 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
439 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
444 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
450 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
454 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
455 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
456 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
457 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
458 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
459 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
462 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
463 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
464 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
466 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
467 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
471 around stash => sub {
474 my $stash = $orig->($c);
476 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
477 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
478 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
479 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
489 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
491 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
493 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
494 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
495 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
497 my @error = @{ $c->error };
501 $c->error('Something bad happened');
508 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
509 croak @$error unless ref $c;
510 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
512 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
513 return $c->{error} || [];
519 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
520 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
521 values it returns are scalar.
523 =head2 $c->clear_errors
525 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
526 implementing a custom error screen.
528 This is equivalent to running
539 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
541 =head2 $c->controller($name)
543 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
545 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
547 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
550 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
552 # find all controllers that start with Foo
553 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
559 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
560 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('controller');
563 # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
564 return $container->get_component( $name, $c, @args )
565 if $container->has_service($name) && !ref $name;
567 return $container->get_component_regexp( $name, $c, @args );
570 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
573 =head2 $c->model($name)
575 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
577 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
579 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
581 If the name is omitted, it will look for
582 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
583 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
584 - a config setting 'default_model', or
585 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
587 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
589 # find all models that start with Foo
590 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
595 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
596 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
597 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('model');
600 # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
601 return $container->get_component( $name, $c, @args )
602 if $container->has_service($name) && !ref $name;
604 return $container->get_component_regexp( $name, $c, @args );
608 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
609 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
610 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
611 if $c->stash->{current_model};
613 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
614 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
616 # FIXME: will this still be mantained?
617 my( $comp, $rest ) = $container->get_service_list;
620 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
621 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
622 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
623 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
624 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
627 return $container->get_component( $comp, $c, @args );
631 =head2 $c->view($name)
633 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
635 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
637 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
639 If the name is omitted, it will look for
640 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
641 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
642 - a config setting 'default_view', or
643 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
645 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
647 # find all views that start with Foo
648 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
653 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
654 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
655 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('view');
658 # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
659 return $container->get_component( $name, $c, @args )
660 if !ref $name && $container->has_service($name);
662 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$name', but does not exist" );
664 return $container->get_component_regexp( $name, $c, @args );
668 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
669 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
670 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
671 if $c->stash->{current_view};
673 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
674 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
676 my( $comp, $rest ) = $container->get_service_list;
679 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
680 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
681 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
682 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
683 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
686 return $container->get_component( $comp, $c, @args );
689 =head2 $c->controllers
691 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
697 return $c->container->get_sub_container('controller')->get_service_list;
702 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
708 return $c->container->get_sub_container('model')->get_service_list;
714 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
720 return $c->container->get_sub_container('view')->get_service_list;
723 =head2 $c->comp($name)
725 =head2 $c->component($name)
727 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
728 unless you want to get a specific component by full
729 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
730 should be used instead.
732 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
733 component name will be returned.
738 my ( $c, $component, @args ) = @_;
741 # FIXME: I probably shouldn't be doing this
742 return $c->components->{$component}
743 if exists $c->components->{$component};
745 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
747 if ($type && $c->container->has_sub_container($type)) {
748 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container($type);
750 if( !ref $component && $container->has_service($name) ) {
751 return $container->get_component( $name, $c, @args );
754 return $container->get_component_regexp( $name, $c, @args );
757 if (ref $component) {
758 for my $subcontainer_name (qw/model view controller/) {
759 my $subcontainer = $c->container->get_sub_container($subcontainer_name);
760 my @components = $subcontainer->get_service_list;
761 my @result = grep { m{$component} } @components;
763 return map { $subcontainer->get_component( $_, $c, @args ) } @result;
767 $c->log->warn("Looking for '$component', but nothing was found.");
769 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
773 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
776 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
780 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
782 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
784 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
785 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
786 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
788 =head3 Cascading configuration
790 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
791 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
792 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
793 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
794 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
795 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
797 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
798 component is constructed.
802 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
803 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
805 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
808 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
814 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
815 on the receiving component to access the config value.
817 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
821 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
827 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
828 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
830 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
831 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
832 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
833 the constructor and use those instead.
837 around config => sub {
841 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
842 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
849 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
850 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
851 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
852 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
854 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
859 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
861 Your log class should implement the methods described in
867 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
869 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
873 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
875 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
877 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
879 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
883 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
885 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
891 =head2 $c->dispatcher
893 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
897 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
900 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
902 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
904 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
905 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
906 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
907 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
911 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
916 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
917 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
918 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
919 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
922 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
924 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
925 loads and instantiates the given class.
927 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
929 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
931 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
932 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
933 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
938 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
940 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
941 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
943 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
945 eval { $plugin->import };
946 $class->mk_classdata($name);
948 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
951 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
952 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
956 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
962 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
963 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
964 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
968 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
973 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
974 croak('Running setup more than once')
975 if ( $class->setup_finished );
977 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
979 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
980 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
983 if ( $class->arguments ) {
984 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
990 foreach (@arguments) {
994 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
996 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
997 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1000 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1004 $class->setup_config();
1005 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1007 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1008 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1009 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1010 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
1011 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1013 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1015 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1016 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1019 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1023 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1024 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1025 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1026 You are running an old script!
1028 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1029 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1031 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1032 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1037 if ( $class->debug ) {
1038 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1041 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1042 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1043 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1044 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1047 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1048 my $engine = $class->engine;
1049 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1051 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1052 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1056 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1057 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1058 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1061 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1062 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1064 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1065 local *setup = sub { };
1066 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1069 # Initialize our data structure
1070 $class->components( {} );
1072 $class->setup_components;
1074 if ( $class->debug ) {
1075 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1076 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1077 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1078 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1079 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1081 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1082 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1085 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1086 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1087 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1090 $class->setup_actions;
1092 if ( $class->debug ) {
1093 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1094 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1097 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1098 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1100 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1103 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1105 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1106 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1109 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1110 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1111 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1112 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1113 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1115 $meta->make_immutable(
1116 replace_constructor => 1,
1117 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1120 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1121 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1122 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1125 $class->setup_finalize;
1126 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1127 # setup_finalize can log..
1128 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1129 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1132 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1134 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1135 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1137 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1141 after setup_finalize => sub {
1149 sub setup_finalize {
1151 $class->setup_finished(1);
1154 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1156 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1158 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1159 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1160 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1161 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1162 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1164 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1165 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1166 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1168 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1169 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1170 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1171 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1172 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1174 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1175 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1176 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1177 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1178 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1179 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1182 The captures for the current request can be found in
1183 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1184 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1185 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1187 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1188 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1189 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1191 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1192 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1194 # Path to a static resource
1195 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1200 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1202 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1203 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1208 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1211 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1213 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1214 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1215 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1216 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1219 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1220 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1221 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1222 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1226 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1227 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1228 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1232 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1233 if (not defined $path) {
1234 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1238 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1241 unshift(@args, $path);
1243 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1244 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1245 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1246 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1248 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1251 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1252 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1253 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1255 my $base = $c->req->base;
1256 my $class = ref($base);
1257 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1261 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1262 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1263 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1264 my $val = $params->{$_};
1265 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1268 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1271 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1272 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1273 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1275 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1279 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1283 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1285 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1291 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1293 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1294 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1297 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1300 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1302 For example, if the action looks like:
1304 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1306 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1310 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1312 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1318 sub uri_for_action {
1319 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1320 my $action = blessed($path)
1322 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1323 unless (defined $action) {
1324 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1326 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1329 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1331 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1335 sub welcome_message {
1337 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1338 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1339 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1340 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1342 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1343 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1344 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1346 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1347 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1348 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1349 <style type="text/css">
1352 background-color: #eee;
1359 margin-bottom: 10px;
1361 background-color: #ccc;
1362 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1367 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1370 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1373 text-decoration: none;
1375 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1377 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1390 background-color: #fff;
1391 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1395 font-weight: normal;
1417 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1422 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1424 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1425 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1426 framework will make web development something you had
1427 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1428 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1429 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1430 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1431 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1432 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1433 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1435 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1437 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1438 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1440 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1441 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1442 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1443 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1444 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1445 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1446 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1447 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1448 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1449 you are likely to find what you need there.
1453 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1454 get in touch with us.</p>
1457 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1460 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1463 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1466 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1467 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1468 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1469 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1477 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1479 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1481 =head2 $c->components
1483 Returns a hash of components.
1487 around components => sub {
1492 return $class->$orig if ( !$comps );
1494 # FIXME: should this ugly kludge exist?
1495 $class->setup_config unless defined $class->container;
1497 # FIXME: should there be a warning here, not to use this accessor to create the components?
1498 my $components = {};
1501 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
1503 for my $component ( keys %$comps ) {
1504 $components->{ $component } = $comps->{$component};
1506 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
1508 # FIXME: shouldn't the service name be $name?
1509 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
1512 return $class->$orig($components);
1515 =head2 $c->context_class
1517 Returns or sets the context class.
1521 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1522 deep recursion detection).
1526 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1530 Dispatches a request to actions.
1534 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1536 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1538 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1540 =head2 $c->dump_these
1542 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1543 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1549 [ Request => $c->req ],
1550 [ Response => $c->res ],
1551 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1552 [ Config => $c->config ];
1555 =head2 $c->engine_class
1557 Returns or sets the engine class.
1559 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1561 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1567 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1568 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1571 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1572 my $action = $code->reverse();
1573 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1574 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1575 $c->log->error($error);
1581 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1583 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1585 no warnings 'recursion';
1586 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1587 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1588 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1590 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1592 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1594 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1595 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1596 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1598 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1599 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1602 unless ( ref $error ) {
1603 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1605 my $class = $last->class;
1606 my $name = $last->name;
1607 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1616 sub _stats_start_execute {
1617 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1618 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1619 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1620 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1622 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1623 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1625 my $action = $action_name;
1626 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1628 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1629 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1630 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1632 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1634 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1635 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1637 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1638 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1639 $action = "-> $action";
1644 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1646 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1647 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1648 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1650 # forward, locate the caller
1651 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1654 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1660 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1679 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1680 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1681 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1686 Finalizes the request.
1693 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1694 $c->log->error($error);
1697 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1698 my $engine = $c->engine;
1699 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1704 $c->finalize_uploads;
1707 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1711 $c->finalize_headers;
1714 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1715 $c->response->body('');
1723 if ($c->use_stats) {
1724 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1725 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1727 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1730 return $c->response->status;
1733 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1739 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1741 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1747 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1749 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1755 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1757 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1763 sub finalize_headers {
1766 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1768 # Check if we already finalized headers
1769 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1772 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1773 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1774 $response->header( Location => $location );
1776 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1777 # Add a default body if none is already present
1779 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1785 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1787 # get the length from a filehandle
1788 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1790 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1791 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1792 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1795 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1799 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1800 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1805 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1806 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1807 $response->body('');
1810 $c->finalize_cookies;
1812 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1815 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1818 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1820 An alias for finalize_body.
1822 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1824 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1828 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1830 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1832 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1836 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1838 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1840 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1844 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1846 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1848 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1853 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1855 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1857 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1861 sub handle_request {
1862 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1864 # Always expect worst case!
1867 if ($class->debug) {
1868 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1869 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1870 my $time = localtime time;
1871 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1874 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1876 $status = $c->finalize;
1879 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1881 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1886 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1887 $class->log->$coderef();
1892 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1894 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1900 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1903 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1904 # into the application.
1905 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1907 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1909 # For on-demand data
1910 $c->request->_context($c);
1911 $c->response->_context($c);
1913 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1914 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1915 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1916 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1919 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1920 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1921 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1922 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1925 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1926 $c->prepare_connection;
1927 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1928 $c->prepare_headers;
1929 $c->prepare_cookies;
1932 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1933 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1936 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1937 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1942 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1943 my $path = $c->req->path;
1944 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1945 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1954 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1956 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1960 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1962 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1964 Prepares message body.
1971 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1973 # Initialize on-demand data
1974 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1975 $c->prepare_parameters;
1976 $c->prepare_uploads;
1979 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1981 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1983 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1987 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1989 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1992 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1994 Prepares body parameters.
1998 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2000 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2003 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2005 Prepares connection.
2009 sub prepare_connection {
2011 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2014 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2020 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2022 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2028 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2030 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2032 Prepares parameters.
2036 sub prepare_parameters {
2038 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2039 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2042 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2044 Prepares path and base.
2048 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2050 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2052 Prepares query parameters.
2056 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2059 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2062 =head2 $c->log_request
2064 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2068 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2070 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2072 =item * Request parameters
2074 =item * File uploads
2083 return unless $c->debug;
2085 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2086 my $request = $dump->[1];
2088 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2090 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2092 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2094 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2096 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2097 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2100 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2102 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2105 =head2 $c->log_response
2107 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2108 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2115 return unless $c->debug;
2117 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2118 my $response = $dump->[1];
2120 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2121 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2124 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2126 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2130 =item * Response status code
2132 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2134 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2140 sub log_response_status_line {
2141 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2145 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2146 $response->status || 'unknown',
2147 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2148 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2153 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2155 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2156 No-op in the default implementation.
2160 sub log_response_headers {}
2162 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2164 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2168 sub log_request_parameters {
2170 my %all_params = @_;
2172 return unless $c->debug;
2174 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2175 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2176 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2177 next if ! keys %$params;
2178 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2179 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2180 my $param = $params->{$key};
2181 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2182 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2184 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2188 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2190 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2191 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2196 sub log_request_uploads {
2198 my $request = shift;
2199 return unless $c->debug;
2200 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2201 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2202 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2203 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2208 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2209 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2210 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2211 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2214 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2218 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2220 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2221 No-op in the default implementation.
2225 sub log_request_headers {}
2227 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2229 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2236 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2238 return unless $c->debug;
2240 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2241 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2244 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2245 $t->row( $name, $value );
2248 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2252 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2254 Prepares the input for reading.
2258 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2260 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2262 Prepares the engine request.
2266 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2268 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2274 sub prepare_uploads {
2277 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2280 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2282 Prepares the output for writing.
2286 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2288 =head2 $c->request_class
2290 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2292 =head2 $c->response_class
2294 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2296 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2298 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2299 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2300 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2302 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2305 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2306 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2307 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2311 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2319 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
2321 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2323 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2327 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2329 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2331 Sets up actions for a component.
2335 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2337 =head2 $c->setup_config
2344 my %args = %{ $class->config || {} };
2346 my @container_classes = ( "${class}::Container", 'Catalyst::IOC::Container');
2347 unshift @container_classes, delete $args{container_class} if exists $args{container_class};
2349 my $container_class = Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class(@container_classes);
2351 my $container = $container_class->new( %args, name => "$class" );
2352 $class->container($container);
2354 my $config = $container->resolve(service => 'config');
2355 $class->config($config);
2356 $class->finalize_config; # back-compat
2359 =head2 $c->finalize_config
2363 sub finalize_config { }
2365 =head2 $c->setup_components
2367 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2369 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2370 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2371 each component into the application.
2373 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2375 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2380 sub setup_components {
2383 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2385 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2386 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2388 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2389 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2390 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2391 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2393 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2395 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2396 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2397 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2399 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2403 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
2405 for my $component (@comps) {
2406 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2407 if ( my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component) ) {
2408 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $instance } ));
2410 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2411 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2412 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2413 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2414 next if $comps{$component};
2416 $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @expanded_components;
2417 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2418 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2419 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2421 if (my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component)) {
2422 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
2425 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2430 sub _get_component_type_name {
2431 my $component = shift;
2432 my @parts = split /::/, $component;
2434 while (my $type = shift @parts) {
2435 return ('controller', join '::', @parts)
2436 if $type =~ /^(c|controller)$/i;
2438 return ('model', join '::', @parts)
2439 if $type =~ /^(m|model)$/i;
2441 return ('view', join '::', @parts)
2442 if $type =~ /^(v|view)$/i;
2446 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2448 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2449 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2451 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2452 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2453 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2454 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2458 sub locate_components {
2462 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2463 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2465 push @paths, @$extra;
2467 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2468 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2472 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2473 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2478 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2480 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2481 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2485 sub expand_component_module {
2486 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2487 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2490 =head2 $c->setup_component
2494 sub setup_component {
2495 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2497 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2501 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2502 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2503 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2504 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2505 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2506 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2508 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2510 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2512 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2513 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2516 elsif (!blessed $instance) {
2517 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2518 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2519 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2520 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2521 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2523 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2530 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2536 sub setup_dispatcher {
2537 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2540 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2543 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2544 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2547 unless ($dispatcher) {
2548 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2551 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2553 # dispatcher instance
2554 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2557 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2564 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2567 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2570 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2571 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2574 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2575 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2577 # create the apache method
2578 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2580 my ( $software, $version ) =
2581 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2584 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2586 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2590 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2591 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2594 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2595 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2598 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2599 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2603 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2604 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2609 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2610 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2611 *handler = sub : method {
2612 shift->handle_request(@_);
2616 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2621 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2622 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2626 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2627 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2632 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2635 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2637 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2639 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2640 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2645 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2646 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2651 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2652 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2657 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2658 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2664 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2665 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2670 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2673 =head2 $c->setup_home
2675 Sets up the home directory.
2680 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2682 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2686 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2689 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2690 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2691 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2695 =head2 $c->setup_log
2697 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2698 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2701 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2702 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2703 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2705 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2706 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2707 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2712 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2715 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2716 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2717 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2719 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2720 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2721 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2722 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2725 unless ( $class->log ) {
2726 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2729 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2730 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2731 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2735 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2741 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2743 Sets up timing statistics class.
2748 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2750 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2752 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2753 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2754 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2755 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2760 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2762 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2763 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2765 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2766 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2767 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2769 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2777 sub registered_plugins {
2779 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2781 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2782 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2785 sub _register_plugin {
2786 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2787 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2789 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2790 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2791 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2792 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2794 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2795 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2801 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2803 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2804 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2807 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2808 $class . '::Plugin',
2809 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2815 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2816 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2817 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2818 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2820 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2824 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2825 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2826 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2829 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2837 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2838 currently executing).
2842 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2843 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2844 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2846 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2847 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2848 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2851 =head2 $c->stats_class
2853 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2855 =head2 $c->use_stats
2857 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2859 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2860 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2867 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2869 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2870 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2871 your output data, if known.
2878 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2879 $c->finalize_headers;
2881 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2886 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2887 messages in template systems.
2891 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2893 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2895 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2901 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2905 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2909 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2910 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2911 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2915 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2919 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2924 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2925 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2926 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2930 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2931 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2932 templates to a different directory.
2936 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
2937 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
2938 C<< $c->components >>).
2942 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2943 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2947 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
2948 variable should be used for determining the request path. See L<Catalyst::Engine::CGI/PATH DECODING>
2949 for more information.
2953 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2957 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2959 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2960 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2961 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2963 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2965 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2967 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2968 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2969 parsing with a config parameter.
2971 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
2973 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2975 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2976 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2977 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2978 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2979 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2980 virtual host that the user connected through.
2982 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2983 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2984 changes are made to the request.
2986 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2987 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2989 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2990 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2992 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
2993 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
2994 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
2995 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
2996 be created properly.
2998 In the case of passing in:
3000 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3002 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3004 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3006 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3007 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3008 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3011 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3013 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3015 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3017 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3019 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3020 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3021 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3023 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3024 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3025 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3031 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3035 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3036 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3040 http://catalyst.perl.org
3044 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3048 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3050 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3052 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3054 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3056 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3058 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3060 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3062 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3064 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3066 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3072 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3074 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3078 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3084 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3086 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3088 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3090 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3092 chansen: Christian Hansen
3094 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3096 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3098 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3100 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3102 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3106 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3108 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3112 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3114 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3116 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3118 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3120 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3124 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3128 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3130 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3132 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3134 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3136 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3138 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3144 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3146 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3148 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3150 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3152 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3154 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3156 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3160 naughton: David Naughton
3162 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3164 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3166 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3172 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3174 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3176 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3178 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3180 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3182 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3184 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3188 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3190 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3194 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3196 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3198 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3200 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3202 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3204 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3206 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3210 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3214 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3215 the same terms as Perl itself.
3221 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;