4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
28 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
29 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
31 use String::RewritePrefix;
32 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
34 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
37 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
38 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
39 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
41 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
43 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
44 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
45 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
46 has stats => (is => 'rw');
47 has action => (is => 'rw');
48 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
49 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
50 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
51 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
53 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
54 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
57 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
60 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
63 # For backwards compatibility
64 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
69 our $RECURSION = 1000;
70 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
71 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
73 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
74 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
75 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
76 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
77 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
78 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file/;
80 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
81 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
82 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
83 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
85 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
87 our $VERSION = '5.90004';
90 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
92 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
94 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
96 my $caller = caller();
97 return if $caller eq 'main';
99 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
100 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
101 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
102 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
104 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
105 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
107 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
108 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
109 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
112 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
116 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
120 sub _application { $_[0] }
124 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
128 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
129 documentation and tutorials.
131 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
132 # use the helper to create a new application
135 # add models, views, controllers
136 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
137 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
138 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
140 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
141 # --help to see all available options
142 script/myapp_server.pl
144 # command line testing interface
145 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
148 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
150 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
151 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
152 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
153 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
154 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
156 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
157 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
158 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
159 # do something else after forward returns
163 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
164 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
168 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
169 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
171 # called after all actions are finished
173 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
174 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
175 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
176 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
179 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
183 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
184 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
185 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
186 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
188 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
190 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
191 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
192 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
195 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
197 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
198 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
202 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
205 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
206 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
208 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
210 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
211 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
213 The following flags are supported:
217 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
218 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
219 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
222 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
223 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
227 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
228 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
230 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
234 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
236 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
238 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
239 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
240 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
241 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
242 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
244 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
245 home directory. If you are working in a development environment, Catalyst
246 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
247 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
248 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
249 application module, without the .pm extension (e.g., /foo/MyApp if your
250 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
254 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
256 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
260 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
262 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
264 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
265 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
266 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
268 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
272 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
276 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
277 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
281 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
282 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
284 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
285 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
291 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
292 information about the current client request (including parameters,
293 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
295 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
297 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
299 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
301 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
302 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
303 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
304 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
305 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
307 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
310 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
311 $c->forward('index');
312 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
313 $c->forward('View::TT');
315 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
316 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
317 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus rendering all
318 exceptions thrown by the called action non-fatal and pushing them onto
319 $c->error instead. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something
323 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
325 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
328 $c->forward('foo') || return;
330 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
331 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
332 Thus, something like:
336 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
337 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
338 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
341 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
343 and access it from the stash.
345 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
349 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
351 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
353 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
357 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
358 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
360 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
364 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
366 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
368 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
370 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
371 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
372 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
373 you go to are called, just like a new request.
375 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
376 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
377 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
378 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
379 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
380 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
381 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
382 invoked from the called action.
384 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
386 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
387 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
388 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
389 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
390 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
394 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
396 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
398 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
400 The relationship between C<go> and
401 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
402 the relationship between
403 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
404 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
405 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
406 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
407 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
408 does not return to its caller.
410 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
411 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
416 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
422 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
426 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
427 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
428 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
429 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
430 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
431 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
434 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
435 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
436 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
438 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
439 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
443 around stash => sub {
446 my $stash = $orig->($c);
448 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
449 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
450 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
451 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
461 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
463 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
465 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
466 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
467 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
469 my @error = @{ $c->error };
473 $c->error('Something bad happened');
480 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
481 croak @$error unless ref $c;
482 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
484 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
485 return $c->{error} || [];
491 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
492 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
493 values it returns are scalar.
495 =head2 $c->clear_errors
497 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
498 implementing a custom error screen.
500 This is equivalent to running
511 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
513 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
516 # search components given a name and some prefixes
517 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
518 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
519 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
520 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
521 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
523 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
524 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
525 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
527 # undef for a name will return all
528 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
530 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
531 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
533 return @result if @result;
535 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
538 # skip regexp fallback if configured
540 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
544 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
546 # no results? try against full names
548 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
551 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
553 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
554 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
555 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
556 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
557 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
558 my $short = $result[0];
559 # remove the component namespace prefix
560 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
561 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
562 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
563 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
565 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
566 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
567 "component's config";
569 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
570 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
571 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
573 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
579 # Find possible names for a prefix
581 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
582 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
584 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
586 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
587 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
592 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
593 sub _filter_component {
594 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
596 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
597 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
603 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
605 =head2 $c->controller($name)
607 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
609 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
611 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
614 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
616 # find all controllers that start with Foo
617 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
623 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
625 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
627 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
628 my $comps = $c->components;
629 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
630 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
632 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
633 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
634 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
637 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
640 =head2 $c->model($name)
642 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
644 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
646 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
648 If the name is omitted, it will look for
649 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
650 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
651 - a config setting 'default_model', or
652 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
654 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
656 # find all models that start with Foo
657 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
662 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
663 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
665 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
666 my $comps = $c->components;
667 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
668 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
670 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
671 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
672 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
676 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
677 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
678 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
679 if $c->stash->{current_model};
681 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
682 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
684 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
687 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
688 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
689 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
690 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
691 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
694 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
698 =head2 $c->view($name)
700 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
702 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
704 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
706 If the name is omitted, it will look for
707 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
708 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
709 - a config setting 'default_view', or
710 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
712 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
714 # find all views that start with Foo
715 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
720 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
722 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
724 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
725 my $comps = $c->components;
726 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
727 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
728 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
731 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
734 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
735 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
736 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
740 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
741 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
742 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
743 if $c->stash->{current_view};
745 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
746 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
748 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
751 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
752 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
753 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
754 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
755 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
758 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
761 =head2 $c->controllers
763 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
769 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
774 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
780 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
786 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
792 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
795 =head2 $c->comp($name)
797 =head2 $c->component($name)
799 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
800 unless you want to get a specific component by full
801 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
802 should be used instead.
804 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
805 component name will be returned.
807 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
808 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
809 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
811 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
816 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
819 my $comps = $c->components;
822 # is it the exact name?
823 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
824 if exists $comps->{ $name };
826 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
827 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
828 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
829 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
831 # search all of the models, views and controllers
832 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
833 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
837 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
839 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
840 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
842 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
843 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
846 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
847 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
848 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
849 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
852 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
856 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
859 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
863 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
865 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
867 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
868 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
869 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
871 =head3 Cascading configuration
873 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
874 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
875 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
876 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
877 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
878 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
880 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
881 component is constructed.
885 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
886 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
888 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
891 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
897 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
898 on the receiving component to access the config value.
900 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
904 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
910 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
911 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
913 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
914 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
915 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
916 the constructor and use those instead.
920 around config => sub {
924 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
925 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
932 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
933 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
934 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
935 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
937 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
942 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
944 Your log class should implement the methods described in
950 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
952 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
956 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
958 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
960 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
962 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
966 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
968 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
974 =head2 $c->dispatcher
976 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
980 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
983 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
985 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
987 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
988 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
989 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
990 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
994 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
999 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
1000 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
1001 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
1002 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
1005 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
1007 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
1008 loads and instantiates the given class.
1010 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
1012 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
1014 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
1015 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
1016 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
1021 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1023 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1024 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
1026 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1028 eval { $plugin->import };
1029 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1031 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1034 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1035 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1038 $class->$name($obj);
1039 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1045 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1046 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1047 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1051 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1056 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1057 croak('Running setup more than once')
1058 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1060 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1062 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1063 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1066 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1067 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1073 foreach (@arguments) {
1077 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1079 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1080 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1083 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1087 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1089 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1090 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1091 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1092 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
1093 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
1095 $class->setup_engine();
1096 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1098 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1100 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1101 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1104 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1108 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1109 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1110 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1111 You are running an old script!
1113 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1114 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1116 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1117 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1122 if ( $class->debug ) {
1123 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1126 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1127 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1128 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1129 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1132 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1133 my $engine = $class->engine;
1134 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1136 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1137 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1141 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1142 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1143 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1146 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1147 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1149 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1150 local *setup = sub { };
1151 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1154 # Initialize our data structure
1155 $class->components( {} );
1157 $class->setup_components;
1159 if ( $class->debug ) {
1160 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1161 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1162 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1163 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1164 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1166 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1167 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1170 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1171 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1172 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1175 $class->setup_actions;
1177 if ( $class->debug ) {
1178 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1179 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1182 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1183 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1185 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1188 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1190 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1191 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1194 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1195 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1196 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1197 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1198 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1200 $meta->make_immutable(
1201 replace_constructor => 1,
1202 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1205 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1206 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1207 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1210 $class->setup_finalize;
1211 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1212 # setup_finalize can log..
1213 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1214 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1217 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1219 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1220 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1222 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1226 after setup_finalize => sub {
1234 sub setup_finalize {
1236 $class->setup_finished(1);
1239 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1241 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1243 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1244 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1245 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1246 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1247 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1249 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1250 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1251 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1253 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1254 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1255 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1256 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1257 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1259 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1260 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1261 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1262 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1263 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1264 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1267 The captures for the current request can be found in
1268 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1269 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1270 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1272 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1273 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1274 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1276 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1277 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1279 # Path to a static resource
1280 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1285 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1287 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1288 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1293 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1296 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1298 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1299 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1300 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1301 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1304 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1305 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1306 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1307 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1311 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1312 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1313 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1317 # ->uri_for( $action, \@captures_and_args, \%query_values? )
1318 if( !@args && $action->number_of_args ) {
1319 my $expanded_action = $c->dispatcher->expand_action( $action );
1321 my $num_captures = $expanded_action->number_of_captures;
1322 unshift @args, splice @$captures, $num_captures;
1325 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1326 if (not defined $path) {
1327 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1331 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1334 unshift(@args, $path);
1336 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1337 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1338 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1339 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1341 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1344 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1345 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1346 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1348 my $base = $c->req->base;
1349 my $class = ref($base);
1350 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1354 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1355 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1356 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1357 my $val = $params->{$_};
1358 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1361 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1364 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1365 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1366 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1368 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1372 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1376 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1378 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1384 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1386 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1387 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1390 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1393 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1395 For example, if the action looks like:
1397 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1399 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1403 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1405 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1411 sub uri_for_action {
1412 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1413 my $action = blessed($path)
1415 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1416 unless (defined $action) {
1417 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1419 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1422 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1424 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1428 sub welcome_message {
1430 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1431 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1432 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1433 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1435 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1436 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1437 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1439 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1440 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1441 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1442 <style type="text/css">
1445 background-color: #eee;
1452 margin-bottom: 10px;
1454 background-color: #ccc;
1455 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1460 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1463 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1466 text-decoration: none;
1468 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1470 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1483 background-color: #fff;
1484 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1488 font-weight: normal;
1510 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1515 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1517 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1518 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1519 framework will make web development something you had
1520 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1521 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1522 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1523 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1524 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1525 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1526 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1528 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1530 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1531 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1533 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1534 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1535 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1536 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1537 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1538 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1539 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1540 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1541 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1542 you are likely to find what you need there.
1546 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1547 get in touch with us.</p>
1550 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1553 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1556 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1559 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1560 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1561 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1562 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1570 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1572 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1574 =head2 $c->components
1576 Returns a hash of components.
1578 =head2 $c->context_class
1580 Returns or sets the context class.
1584 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1585 deep recursion detection).
1589 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1593 Dispatches a request to actions.
1597 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1599 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1601 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1603 =head2 $c->dump_these
1605 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1606 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1612 [ Request => $c->req ],
1613 [ Response => $c->res ],
1614 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1615 [ Config => $c->config ];
1618 =head2 $c->engine_class
1620 Returns or sets the engine class.
1622 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1624 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1630 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1631 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1634 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1635 my $action = $code->reverse();
1636 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1637 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1638 $c->log->error($error);
1644 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1646 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1648 no warnings 'recursion';
1649 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1650 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1651 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1653 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1655 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1657 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1658 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1659 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1661 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1662 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1665 unless ( ref $error ) {
1666 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1668 my $class = $last->class;
1669 my $name = $last->name;
1670 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1679 sub _stats_start_execute {
1680 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1681 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1682 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1683 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1685 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1686 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1688 my $action = $action_name;
1689 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1691 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1692 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1693 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1695 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1697 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1698 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1700 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1701 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1702 $action = "-> $action";
1707 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1709 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1710 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1711 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1713 # forward, locate the caller
1714 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1717 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1723 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1742 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1743 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1744 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1749 Finalizes the request.
1756 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1757 $c->log->error($error);
1760 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1761 my $engine = $c->engine;
1762 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1767 $c->finalize_uploads;
1770 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1774 $c->finalize_headers;
1777 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1778 $c->response->body('');
1786 if ($c->use_stats) {
1787 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1788 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1790 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1793 return $c->response->status;
1796 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1802 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1804 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1810 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1812 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1818 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1820 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1826 sub finalize_headers {
1829 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1831 # Check if we already finalized headers
1832 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1835 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1836 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1837 $response->header( Location => $location );
1839 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1840 # Add a default body if none is already present
1841 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1842 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1843 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1845 <title>Moved</title>
1848 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1852 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1857 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1859 # get the length from a filehandle
1860 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1862 my $size = -s $response->body;
1864 $response->content_length( $size );
1867 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1871 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1872 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1877 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1878 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1879 $response->body('');
1882 $c->finalize_cookies;
1884 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1887 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1890 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1892 An alias for finalize_body.
1894 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1896 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1900 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1902 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1904 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1908 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1910 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1912 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1916 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1918 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1920 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1925 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1927 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1929 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1933 sub handle_request {
1934 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1936 # Always expect worst case!
1939 if ($class->debug) {
1940 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1941 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1942 my $time = localtime time;
1943 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1946 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1948 $status = $c->finalize;
1951 chomp(my $error = $_);
1952 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1957 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1958 $class->log->$coderef();
1963 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1965 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1971 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1974 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1975 # into the application.
1976 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1978 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1980 # For on-demand data
1981 $c->request->_context($c);
1982 $c->response->_context($c);
1984 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1985 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1986 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1987 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1991 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1992 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1993 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
1996 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1997 $c->prepare_connection;
1998 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1999 $c->prepare_headers;
2000 $c->prepare_cookies;
2003 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
2004 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
2007 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
2008 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
2013 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
2015 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
2016 $c->response->status(400);
2017 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
2018 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
2023 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
2024 my $path = $c->req->path;
2025 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2026 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
2035 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2037 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2041 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2043 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2045 Prepares message body.
2052 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2054 # Initialize on-demand data
2055 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2056 $c->prepare_parameters;
2057 $c->prepare_uploads;
2060 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2062 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2064 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2068 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2070 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2073 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2075 Prepares body parameters.
2079 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2081 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2084 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2086 Prepares connection.
2090 sub prepare_connection {
2092 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2095 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2101 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2103 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2109 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2111 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2113 Prepares parameters.
2117 sub prepare_parameters {
2119 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2120 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2123 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2125 Prepares path and base.
2129 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2131 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2133 Prepares query parameters.
2137 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2140 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2143 =head2 $c->log_request
2145 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2149 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2151 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2153 =item * Request parameters
2155 =item * File uploads
2164 return unless $c->debug;
2166 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2167 my $request = $dump->[1];
2169 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2171 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2173 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2175 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2177 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2178 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2181 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2183 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2186 =head2 $c->log_response
2188 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2189 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2196 return unless $c->debug;
2198 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2199 my $response = $dump->[1];
2201 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2202 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2205 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2207 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2211 =item * Response status code
2213 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2215 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2221 sub log_response_status_line {
2222 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2226 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2227 $response->status || 'unknown',
2228 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2229 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2234 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2236 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the response headers.
2237 No-op in the default implementation.
2241 sub log_response_headers {}
2243 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2245 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2249 sub log_request_parameters {
2251 my %all_params = @_;
2253 return unless $c->debug;
2255 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2256 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2257 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2258 next if ! keys %$params;
2259 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2260 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2261 my $param = $params->{$key};
2262 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2263 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2265 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2269 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2271 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2272 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2277 sub log_request_uploads {
2279 my $request = shift;
2280 return unless $c->debug;
2281 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2282 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2283 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2284 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2289 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2290 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2291 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2292 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2295 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2299 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2301 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2302 No-op in the default implementation.
2306 sub log_request_headers {}
2308 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2310 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2317 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2319 return unless $c->debug;
2321 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2322 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2325 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2326 $t->row( $name, $value );
2329 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2333 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2335 Prepares the input for reading.
2339 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2341 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2343 Prepares the engine request.
2347 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2349 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2355 sub prepare_uploads {
2358 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2361 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2363 Prepares the output for writing.
2367 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2369 =head2 $c->request_class
2371 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2373 =head2 $c->response_class
2375 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2377 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2379 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2380 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2381 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2383 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2386 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2387 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2388 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2392 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2402 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2403 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2404 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2407 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2409 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2413 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2415 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2417 Sets up actions for a component.
2421 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2423 =head2 $c->setup_components
2425 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2427 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2428 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2429 each component into the application.
2431 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2433 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2438 sub setup_components {
2441 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2443 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2444 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2446 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2447 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2448 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2449 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2451 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2453 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2454 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2455 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2457 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2460 for my $component (@comps) {
2461 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2462 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2463 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2464 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2465 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2466 next if $comps{$component};
2467 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2472 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2474 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2475 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2477 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2478 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2479 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2480 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2484 sub locate_components {
2488 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2489 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2491 push @paths, @$extra;
2493 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2494 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2498 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2499 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2504 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2506 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2507 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2511 sub expand_component_module {
2512 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2513 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2516 =head2 $c->setup_component
2520 sub setup_component {
2521 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2523 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2527 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2528 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2529 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2530 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2531 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2532 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2534 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2536 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2538 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2539 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2543 unless (blessed $instance) {
2544 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2545 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2546 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2547 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2548 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2550 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2556 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2562 sub setup_dispatcher {
2563 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2566 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2569 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2570 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2573 unless ($dispatcher) {
2574 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2577 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2579 # dispatcher instance
2580 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2583 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2590 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2592 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2593 $class->engine_loader(
2594 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2595 application_name => $class,
2596 (defined $requested_engine
2597 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2602 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2606 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2609 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2611 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2612 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2613 application_name => $class,
2614 (defined $requested_engine
2615 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2618 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2621 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2624 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2625 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2627 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2629 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2630 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2632 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2633 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2634 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2635 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2637 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2639 my $psgi_app = $class->psgi_app;
2640 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2643 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2646 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2651 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2654 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2655 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2656 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2659 return $app->_psgi_app;
2662 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2665 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2666 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2667 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2670 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2672 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2673 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2674 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2675 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2676 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2678 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2679 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2680 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2683 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2686 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2688 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2689 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2693 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2696 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2698 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2699 useful and commonly needed:
2701 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2702 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2703 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2704 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2705 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2707 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2708 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2714 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2715 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2717 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2719 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2722 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2723 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2724 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2728 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2729 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2730 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2732 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2733 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2735 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2742 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2743 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2744 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2746 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2747 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2753 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2756 =head2 $c->setup_home
2758 Sets up the home directory.
2763 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2765 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2769 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2772 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2773 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2774 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2778 =head2 $c->setup_log
2780 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2781 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2784 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2785 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2786 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2788 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2789 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2790 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2795 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2798 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2799 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2800 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2802 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2803 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2804 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2805 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2808 unless ( $class->log ) {
2809 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2812 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2813 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2814 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2818 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2824 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2826 Sets up timing statistics class.
2831 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2833 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2835 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2836 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2837 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2838 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2843 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2845 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2846 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2848 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2849 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2850 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2852 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2860 sub registered_plugins {
2862 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2864 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2865 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2868 sub _register_plugin {
2869 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2870 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2872 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2873 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2874 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2875 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2877 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2878 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2884 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2886 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2887 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2890 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2891 $class . '::Plugin',
2892 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2898 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2899 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2900 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2901 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2903 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2907 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2908 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2909 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2912 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2920 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2921 currently executing).
2925 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2926 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2927 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2929 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2930 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2931 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2934 =head2 $c->stats_class
2936 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2938 =head2 $c->use_stats
2940 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2942 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2943 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2950 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2952 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2953 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2954 your output data, if known.
2961 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2962 $c->finalize_headers;
2964 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2969 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2970 messages in template systems.
2974 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2976 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2978 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2984 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2988 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2992 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2993 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2994 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2995 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2996 instead C<undef> will be returned.
3000 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
3001 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
3002 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
3006 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
3010 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
3015 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
3016 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
3017 the upload) before actually receiving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
3021 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
3022 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
3023 templates to a different directory.
3027 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
3028 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
3029 C<< $c->components >>).
3033 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3034 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3038 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3039 variable should be used for determining the request path.
3041 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
3042 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
3043 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
3045 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
3046 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
3050 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
3052 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
3053 The path is synthesised from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
3054 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
3055 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
3057 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
3058 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
3059 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
3060 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
3062 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
3064 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
3065 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
3066 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
3068 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
3069 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
3070 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
3072 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
3073 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
3074 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
3075 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
3076 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
3082 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3086 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3088 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3089 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3090 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3092 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3094 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3096 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3097 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3098 parsing with a config parameter.
3100 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3102 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3104 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3105 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3106 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3107 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3108 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3109 virtual host that the user connected through.
3111 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3112 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3113 changes are made to the request.
3115 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3116 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3118 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3119 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3121 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3122 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3123 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3124 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3125 be created properly.
3127 In the case of passing in:
3129 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3131 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3133 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3135 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3136 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3137 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3140 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3142 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3144 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3146 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3148 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3149 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3150 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3152 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3153 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3154 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3160 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3164 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3165 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3169 http://catalyst.perl.org
3173 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3177 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3179 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3181 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3183 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3185 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3187 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3189 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3191 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3195 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3197 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3203 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3205 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3209 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3213 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3215 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3217 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3219 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3221 chansen: Christian Hansen
3223 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3225 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3227 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3229 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3231 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3235 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3237 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3241 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3243 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3245 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3247 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3249 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3253 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3257 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3259 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3261 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3263 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3265 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3267 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3273 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3275 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3277 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3279 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3281 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3283 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3285 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3289 naughton: David Naughton
3291 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3293 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3295 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3301 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3303 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3305 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3307 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3309 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3311 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3313 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3317 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3319 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3323 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3325 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3327 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3329 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3331 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3333 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3335 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3341 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3345 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3346 the same terms as Perl itself.
3352 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;