4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
20 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
21 use Text::SimpleTable ();
22 use Path::Class::Dir ();
23 use Path::Class::File ();
27 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
28 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
30 use List::Util qw/first/;
31 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
34 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
38 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
39 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
40 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
41 has stats => (is => 'rw');
42 has action => (is => 'rw');
43 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
44 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
45 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
46 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
48 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
49 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
52 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
55 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
58 # For backwards compatibility
59 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
64 our $RECURSION = 1000;
65 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
66 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
68 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
69 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
70 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
71 for qw/container components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
72 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
75 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
76 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
77 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
78 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
79 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
81 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
83 our $VERSION = '5.80032';
86 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
88 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
90 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
92 my $caller = caller();
93 return if $caller eq 'main';
95 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
96 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
97 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
98 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
100 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
101 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
103 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
104 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
105 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
108 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
112 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
116 sub _application { $_[0] }
120 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
124 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
125 documentation and tutorials.
127 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
128 # use the helper to create a new application
131 # add models, views, controllers
132 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
133 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
134 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
136 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
137 # --help to see all available options
138 script/myapp_server.pl
140 # command line testing interface
141 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
144 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
146 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
147 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
148 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
149 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
150 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
152 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
153 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
154 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
155 # do something else after forward returns
159 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
160 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
164 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
165 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
167 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
169 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
170 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
171 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
172 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
174 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
177 # called after all actions are finished
179 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
180 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
181 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
182 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
185 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
186 # called for /foo/bar
187 sub bar : Local { ... }
189 # called for /blargle
190 sub blargle : Global { ... }
192 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
193 sub index : Private { ... }
195 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
196 # called for /foo/bar/baz
197 sub baz : Local { ... }
199 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
200 sub auto : Private { ... }
202 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
203 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
204 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
205 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
206 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
209 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
213 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
214 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
215 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
216 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
218 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
220 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
221 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
222 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
225 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
227 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
228 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
232 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
235 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
236 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
238 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
240 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
241 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
243 The following flags are supported:
247 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
248 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
249 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
252 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
253 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
257 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
258 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
260 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
264 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
266 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
268 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
269 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
270 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
271 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
272 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
274 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
275 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
276 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
277 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
278 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
279 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
280 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
284 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
286 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
290 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
292 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
294 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
295 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
296 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
298 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
302 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
306 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
307 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
311 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
312 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
314 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
315 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
321 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
322 information about the current client request (including parameters,
323 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
325 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
327 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
329 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
331 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
332 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
333 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
334 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
335 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
337 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
340 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
341 $c->forward('index');
342 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
343 $c->forward('View::TT');
345 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
346 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
347 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
348 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
349 need to do something like:
352 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
354 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
357 $c->forward('foo') || return;
359 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
360 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
361 Thus, something like:
365 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
366 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
367 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
370 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
372 and access it from the stash.
374 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
378 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
380 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
382 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
386 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
387 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
389 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
393 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
395 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
397 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
399 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
400 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
401 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
402 you go to are called, just like a new request.
404 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
405 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
406 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
407 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
408 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
409 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
410 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
411 invoked from the callee.
413 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
415 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
416 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
417 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
418 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
419 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
423 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
425 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
427 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
429 The relationship between C<go> and
430 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
431 the relationship between
432 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
433 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
434 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
435 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
436 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
437 does not return to its caller.
439 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
440 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
445 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
451 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
455 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
456 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
457 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
458 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
459 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
460 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
463 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
464 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
465 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
467 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
468 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
472 around stash => sub {
475 my $stash = $orig->($c);
477 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
478 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
479 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
480 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
490 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
492 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
494 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
495 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
496 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
498 my @error = @{ $c->error };
502 $c->error('Something bad happened');
509 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
510 croak @$error unless ref $c;
511 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
513 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
514 return $c->{error} || [];
520 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
521 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
522 values it returns are scalar.
524 =head2 $c->clear_errors
526 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
527 implementing a custom error screen.
529 This is equivalent to running
540 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
542 =head2 $c->controller($name)
544 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
546 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
548 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
551 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
553 # find all controllers that start with Foo
554 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
560 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
562 # FIXME: should this be a Catalyst::Utils method?
564 my $class = $c->action->class;
566 my $prefix = length Catalyst::Utils::class2classprefix($class);
568 # MyApp::Controller::Foo becomes Foo
569 # the + 2 is because of the ::
570 $name = substr $class, $prefix + 2;
573 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container( 'controller', $name, $c, @args);
576 =head2 $c->model($name)
578 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
580 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
582 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
584 If the name is omitted, it will look for
585 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
586 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
587 - a config setting 'default_model', or
588 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
590 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
592 # find all models that start with Foo
593 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
598 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
600 if (ref $c && !$name) {
601 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
602 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
604 $name = $c->stash->{current_model}
605 if $c->stash->{current_model};
608 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container( 'model', $name, $c, @args);
612 =head2 $c->view($name)
614 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
616 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
618 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
620 If the name is omitted, it will look for
621 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
622 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
623 - a config setting 'default_view', or
624 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
626 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
628 # find all views that start with Foo
629 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
634 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
636 if (ref $c && !$name) {
637 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
638 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
640 $name = $c->stash->{current_view}
641 if $c->stash->{current_view};
644 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container( 'view', $name, $c, @args);
647 =head2 $c->controllers
649 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
655 return $c->container->get_sub_container('controller')->get_service_list;
660 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
666 return $c->container->get_sub_container('model')->get_service_list;
672 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
678 return $c->container->get_sub_container('view')->get_service_list;
681 sub _find_component {
682 my ($c, $component, @args) = @_;
685 my $query = ref $component
690 for my $subcontainer_name (qw/model view controller/) {
691 my $subcontainer = $c->container->get_sub_container($subcontainer_name);
692 my @components = $subcontainer->get_service_list;
693 @result = grep { m{$component} } @components;
695 return map { $subcontainer->get_component( $_, $c, @args ) } @result
699 # it expects an empty list on failed searches
703 =head2 $c->comp($name)
705 =head2 $c->component($name)
707 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
708 unless you want to get a specific component by full
709 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
710 should be used instead.
712 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
713 component name will be returned.
718 my ( $c, $component, @args ) = @_;
720 return sort keys %{ $c->components }
721 unless ( $component );
723 return $c->_find_component( $component, @args )
726 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
728 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container(
729 $type, $name, $c, @args
732 my @result = $c->_find_component( $component, @args );
733 return shift @result if @result;
735 # FIXME: I probably shouldn't be doing this
736 # I'm keeping it temporarily for things like $c->comp('MyApp')
737 return $c->components->{$component}
738 if exists $c->components->{$component} and !@args;
740 $c->log->warn("Looking for '$component', but nothing was found.");
742 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
743 $c->log->warn("Component not found, returning the list of existing");
744 $c->log->warn("components. This behavior is going to be deprecated");
745 $c->log->warn("in future releases.");
747 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
750 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
754 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
756 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
758 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
759 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
760 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
762 =head3 Cascading configuration
764 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
765 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
766 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
767 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
768 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
769 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
771 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
772 component is constructed.
776 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
777 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
779 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
782 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
788 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
789 on the receiving component to access the config value.
791 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
795 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
801 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
802 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
804 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
805 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
806 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
807 the constructor and use those instead.
811 around config => sub {
815 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
816 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
823 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
824 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
825 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
826 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
828 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
833 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
835 Your log class should implement the methods described in
841 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
843 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
847 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
849 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
851 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
853 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
857 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
859 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
865 =head2 $c->dispatcher
867 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
871 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
874 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
876 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
878 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
879 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
880 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
881 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
885 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
890 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
891 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
892 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
893 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
896 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
898 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
899 loads and instantiates the given class.
901 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
903 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
905 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
906 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
907 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
912 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
914 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
915 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
917 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
919 eval { $plugin->import };
920 $class->mk_classdata($name);
922 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
925 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
926 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
930 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
936 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
937 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
938 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
942 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
947 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
948 croak('Running setup more than once')
949 if ( $class->setup_finished );
951 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
953 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
954 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
957 if ( $class->arguments ) {
958 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
964 foreach (@arguments) {
968 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
970 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
971 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
974 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
978 $class->setup_config();
979 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
981 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
982 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
983 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
984 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
985 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
987 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
989 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
990 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
993 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
997 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
998 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
999 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1000 You are running an old script!
1002 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1003 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1005 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1006 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1011 if ( $class->debug ) {
1012 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1015 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1016 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1017 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1018 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1021 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1022 my $engine = $class->engine;
1023 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1025 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1026 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1030 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1031 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1032 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1035 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1036 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1038 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1039 local *setup = sub { };
1040 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1043 # Initialize our data structure
1044 $class->components( {} );
1046 $class->setup_components;
1048 if ( $class->debug ) {
1049 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1050 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1051 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1052 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1053 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1055 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1056 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1059 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1060 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1061 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1064 $class->setup_actions;
1066 if ( $class->debug ) {
1067 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1068 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1071 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1072 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1074 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1077 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1079 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1080 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1083 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1084 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1085 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1086 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1087 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1089 $meta->make_immutable(
1090 replace_constructor => 1,
1091 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1094 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1095 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1096 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1099 $class->setup_finalize;
1100 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1101 # setup_finalize can log..
1102 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1103 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1106 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1108 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1109 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1111 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1115 after setup_finalize => sub {
1123 sub setup_finalize {
1125 $class->setup_finished(1);
1128 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1130 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1132 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1133 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1134 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1135 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1136 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1138 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1139 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1140 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1142 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1143 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1144 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1145 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1146 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1148 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1149 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1150 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1151 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1152 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1153 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1156 The captures for the current request can be found in
1157 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1158 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1159 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1161 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1162 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1163 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1165 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1166 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1168 # Path to a static resource
1169 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1174 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1176 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1177 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1182 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1185 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1187 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1188 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1189 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1190 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1193 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1194 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1195 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1196 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1200 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1201 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1202 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1206 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1207 if (not defined $path) {
1208 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1212 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1215 unshift(@args, $path);
1217 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1218 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1219 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1220 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1222 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1225 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1226 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1227 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1229 my $base = $c->req->base;
1230 my $class = ref($base);
1231 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1235 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1236 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1237 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1238 my $val = $params->{$_};
1239 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1242 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1245 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1246 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1247 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1249 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1253 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1257 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1259 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1265 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1267 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1268 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1271 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1274 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1276 For example, if the action looks like:
1278 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1280 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1284 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1286 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1292 sub uri_for_action {
1293 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1294 my $action = blessed($path)
1296 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1297 unless (defined $action) {
1298 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1300 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1303 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1305 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1309 sub welcome_message {
1311 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1312 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1313 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1314 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1316 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1317 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1318 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1320 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1321 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1322 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1323 <style type="text/css">
1326 background-color: #eee;
1333 margin-bottom: 10px;
1335 background-color: #ccc;
1336 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1341 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1344 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1347 text-decoration: none;
1349 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1351 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1364 background-color: #fff;
1365 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1369 font-weight: normal;
1391 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1396 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1398 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1399 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1400 framework will make web development something you had
1401 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1402 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1403 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1404 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1405 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1406 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1407 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1409 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1411 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1412 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1414 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1415 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1416 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1417 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1418 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1419 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1420 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1421 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1422 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1423 you are likely to find what you need there.
1427 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1428 get in touch with us.</p>
1431 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1434 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1437 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1440 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1441 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1442 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1443 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1451 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1453 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1455 =head2 $c->components
1457 Returns a hash of components.
1461 around components => sub {
1466 return $class->$orig if ( !$comps );
1468 # FIXME: should this ugly kludge exist?
1469 $class->setup_config unless defined $class->container;
1471 # FIXME: should there be a warning here, not to use this accessor to create the components?
1472 my $components = {};
1475 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
1477 for my $component ( keys %$comps ) {
1478 $components->{ $component } = $comps->{$component};
1480 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
1482 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
1485 return $class->$orig($components);
1488 =head2 $c->context_class
1490 Returns or sets the context class.
1494 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1495 deep recursion detection).
1499 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1503 Dispatches a request to actions.
1507 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1509 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1511 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1513 =head2 $c->dump_these
1515 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1516 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1522 [ Request => $c->req ],
1523 [ Response => $c->res ],
1524 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1525 [ Config => $c->config ];
1528 =head2 $c->engine_class
1530 Returns or sets the engine class.
1532 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1534 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1540 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1541 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1544 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1545 my $action = $code->reverse();
1546 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1547 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1548 $c->log->error($error);
1554 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1556 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1558 no warnings 'recursion';
1559 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1560 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1561 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1563 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1565 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1567 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1568 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1569 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1571 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1572 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1575 unless ( ref $error ) {
1576 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1578 my $class = $last->class;
1579 my $name = $last->name;
1580 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1589 sub _stats_start_execute {
1590 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1591 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1592 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1593 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1595 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1596 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1598 my $action = $action_name;
1599 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1601 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1602 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1603 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1605 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1607 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1608 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1610 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1611 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1612 $action = "-> $action";
1617 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1619 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1620 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1621 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1623 # forward, locate the caller
1624 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1627 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1633 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1652 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1653 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1654 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1659 Finalizes the request.
1666 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1667 $c->log->error($error);
1670 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1671 my $engine = $c->engine;
1672 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1677 $c->finalize_uploads;
1680 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1684 $c->finalize_headers;
1687 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1688 $c->response->body('');
1696 if ($c->use_stats) {
1697 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1698 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1700 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1703 return $c->response->status;
1706 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1712 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1714 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1720 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1722 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1728 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1730 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1736 sub finalize_headers {
1739 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1741 # Check if we already finalized headers
1742 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1745 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1746 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1747 $response->header( Location => $location );
1749 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1750 # Add a default body if none is already present
1752 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1758 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1760 # get the length from a filehandle
1761 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1763 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1764 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1765 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1768 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1772 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1773 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1778 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1779 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1780 $response->body('');
1783 $c->finalize_cookies;
1785 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1788 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1791 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1793 An alias for finalize_body.
1795 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1797 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1801 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1803 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1805 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1809 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1811 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1813 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1817 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1819 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1821 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1826 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1828 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1830 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1834 sub handle_request {
1835 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1837 # Always expect worst case!
1840 if ($class->debug) {
1841 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1842 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1843 my $time = localtime time;
1844 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1847 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1849 $status = $c->finalize;
1852 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1854 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1859 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1860 $class->log->$coderef();
1865 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1867 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1873 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1876 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1877 # into the application.
1878 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1880 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1882 # For on-demand data
1883 $c->request->_context($c);
1884 $c->response->_context($c);
1886 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1887 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1888 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1889 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1892 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1893 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1894 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1895 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1898 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1899 $c->prepare_connection;
1900 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1901 $c->prepare_headers;
1902 $c->prepare_cookies;
1905 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1906 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1909 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1910 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1915 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1916 my $path = $c->req->path;
1917 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1918 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1927 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1929 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1933 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1935 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1937 Prepares message body.
1944 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1946 # Initialize on-demand data
1947 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1948 $c->prepare_parameters;
1949 $c->prepare_uploads;
1952 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1954 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1956 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1960 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1962 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1965 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1967 Prepares body parameters.
1971 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1973 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1976 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1978 Prepares connection.
1982 sub prepare_connection {
1984 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1987 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1993 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1995 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2001 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2003 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2005 Prepares parameters.
2009 sub prepare_parameters {
2011 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2012 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2015 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2017 Prepares path and base.
2021 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2023 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2025 Prepares query parameters.
2029 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2032 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2035 =head2 $c->log_request
2037 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2041 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2043 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2045 =item * Request parameters
2047 =item * File uploads
2056 return unless $c->debug;
2058 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2059 my $request = $dump->[1];
2061 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2063 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2065 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2067 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2069 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2070 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2073 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2075 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2078 =head2 $c->log_response
2080 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2081 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2088 return unless $c->debug;
2090 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2091 my $response = $dump->[1];
2093 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2094 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2097 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2099 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2103 =item * Response status code
2105 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2107 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2113 sub log_response_status_line {
2114 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2118 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2119 $response->status || 'unknown',
2120 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2121 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2126 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2128 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2129 No-op in the default implementation.
2133 sub log_response_headers {}
2135 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2137 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2141 sub log_request_parameters {
2143 my %all_params = @_;
2145 return unless $c->debug;
2147 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2148 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2149 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2150 next if ! keys %$params;
2151 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2152 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2153 my $param = $params->{$key};
2154 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2155 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2157 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2161 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2163 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2164 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2169 sub log_request_uploads {
2171 my $request = shift;
2172 return unless $c->debug;
2173 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2174 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2175 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2176 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2181 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2182 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2183 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2184 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2187 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2191 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2193 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2194 No-op in the default implementation.
2198 sub log_request_headers {}
2200 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2202 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2209 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2211 return unless $c->debug;
2213 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2214 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2217 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2218 $t->row( $name, $value );
2221 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2225 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2227 Prepares the input for reading.
2231 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2233 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2235 Prepares the engine request.
2239 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2241 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2247 sub prepare_uploads {
2250 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2253 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2255 Prepares the output for writing.
2259 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2261 =head2 $c->request_class
2263 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2265 =head2 $c->response_class
2267 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2269 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2271 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2272 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2273 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2275 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2278 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2279 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2280 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2284 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2292 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
2294 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2296 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2300 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2302 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2304 Sets up actions for a component.
2308 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2310 =head2 $c->setup_config
2317 my %args = %{ $class->config || {} };
2319 my @container_classes = ( "${class}::Container", 'Catalyst::IOC::Container');
2320 unshift @container_classes, delete $args{container_class} if exists $args{container_class};
2322 my $container_class = Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class(@container_classes);
2324 my $container = $container_class->new( %args, name => "$class" );
2325 $class->container($container);
2327 my $config = $container->resolve(service => 'config');
2328 $class->config($config);
2329 $class->finalize_config; # back-compat
2332 =head2 $c->finalize_config
2336 sub finalize_config { }
2338 =head2 $c->setup_components
2340 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2342 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2343 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2344 each component into the application.
2346 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2348 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2353 sub setup_components {
2356 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2358 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2359 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2361 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2362 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2363 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2364 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2366 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2368 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2369 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2370 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2372 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2376 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
2378 for my $component (@comps) {
2379 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2380 if ( my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component) ) {
2381 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $instance } ));
2383 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2384 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2385 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2386 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2387 next if $comps{$component};
2389 $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @expanded_components;
2390 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2391 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2392 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2394 if (my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component)) {
2395 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
2398 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2402 $containers->{model}->make_single_default;
2403 $containers->{view}->make_single_default;
2406 # FIXME: should this sub exist?
2407 # should it be moved to Catalyst::Utils,
2408 # or replaced by something already existing there?
2409 sub _get_component_type_name {
2410 my $component = shift;
2411 my @parts = split /::/, $component;
2413 if (scalar @parts == 1) {
2414 return (undef, $component);
2417 while (my $type = shift @parts) {
2418 return ('controller', join '::', @parts)
2419 if $type =~ /^(c|controller)$/i;
2421 return ('model', join '::', @parts)
2422 if $type =~ /^(m|model)$/i;
2424 return ('view', join '::', @parts)
2425 if $type =~ /^(v|view)$/i;
2429 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2431 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2432 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2434 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2435 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2436 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2437 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2441 sub locate_components {
2445 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2446 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2448 push @paths, @$extra;
2450 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2451 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2455 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2456 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2461 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2463 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2464 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2468 sub expand_component_module {
2469 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2470 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2473 =head2 $c->setup_component
2477 sub setup_component {
2478 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2480 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2484 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2485 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2486 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2487 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2488 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2489 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2491 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2493 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2495 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2496 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2499 elsif (!blessed $instance) {
2500 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2501 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2502 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2503 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2504 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2506 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2513 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2519 sub setup_dispatcher {
2520 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2523 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2526 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2527 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2530 unless ($dispatcher) {
2531 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2534 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2536 # dispatcher instance
2537 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2540 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2547 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2550 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2553 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2554 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2557 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2558 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2560 # create the apache method
2561 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2563 my ( $software, $version ) =
2564 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2567 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2569 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2573 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2574 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2577 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2578 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2581 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2582 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2586 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2587 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2592 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2593 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2594 *handler = sub : method {
2595 shift->handle_request(@_);
2599 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2604 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2605 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2609 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2610 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2615 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2618 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2620 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2622 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2623 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2628 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2629 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2634 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2635 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2640 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2641 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2647 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2648 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2653 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2656 =head2 $c->setup_home
2658 Sets up the home directory.
2663 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2665 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2669 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2672 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2673 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2674 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2678 =head2 $c->setup_log
2680 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2681 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2684 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2685 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2686 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2688 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2689 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2690 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2695 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2698 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2699 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2700 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2702 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2703 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2704 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2705 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2708 unless ( $class->log ) {
2709 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2712 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2713 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2714 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2718 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2724 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2726 Sets up timing statistics class.
2731 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2733 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2735 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2736 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2737 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2738 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2743 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2745 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2746 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2748 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2749 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2750 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2752 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2760 sub registered_plugins {
2762 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2764 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2765 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2768 sub _register_plugin {
2769 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2770 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2772 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2773 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2774 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2775 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2777 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2778 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2784 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2786 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2787 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2790 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2791 $class . '::Plugin',
2792 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2798 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2799 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2800 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2801 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2803 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2807 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2808 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2809 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2812 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2820 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2821 currently executing).
2825 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2826 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2827 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2829 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2830 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2831 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2834 =head2 $c->stats_class
2836 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2838 =head2 $c->use_stats
2840 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2842 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2843 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2850 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2852 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2853 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2854 your output data, if known.
2861 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2862 $c->finalize_headers;
2864 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2869 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2870 messages in template systems.
2874 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2876 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2878 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2884 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2888 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2892 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2893 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2894 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2898 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2902 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2907 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2908 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2909 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2913 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2914 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2915 templates to a different directory.
2919 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
2920 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
2921 C<< $c->components >>).
2925 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2926 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2930 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
2931 variable should be used for determining the request path. See L<Catalyst::Engine::CGI/PATH DECODING>
2932 for more information.
2936 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2940 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2942 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2943 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2944 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2946 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2948 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2950 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2951 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2952 parsing with a config parameter.
2954 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
2956 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2958 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2959 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2960 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2961 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2962 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2963 virtual host that the user connected through.
2965 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2966 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2967 changes are made to the request.
2969 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2970 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2972 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2973 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2975 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
2976 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
2977 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
2978 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
2979 be created properly.
2981 In the case of passing in:
2983 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
2985 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
2987 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2989 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2990 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2991 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2994 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
2996 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2998 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3000 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3002 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3003 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3004 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3006 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3007 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3008 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3014 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3018 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3019 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3023 http://catalyst.perl.org
3027 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3031 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3033 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3035 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3037 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3039 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3041 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3043 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3045 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3047 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3049 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3055 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3057 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3061 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3067 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3069 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3071 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3073 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3075 chansen: Christian Hansen
3077 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3079 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3081 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3083 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3085 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3089 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3091 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3095 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3097 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3099 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3101 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3103 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3107 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3111 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3113 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3115 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3117 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3119 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3121 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3127 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3129 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3131 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3133 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3135 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3137 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3139 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3143 naughton: David Naughton
3145 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3147 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3149 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3155 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3157 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3159 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3161 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3163 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3165 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3167 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3171 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3173 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3177 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3179 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3181 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3183 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3185 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3187 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3189 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3193 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3197 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3198 the same terms as Perl itself.
3204 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;