Document dispatcher->dispatch_type

[catagits/Catalyst-Runtime.git] / lib / Catalyst / Dispatcher.pm

package Catalyst::Dispatcher;

use strict;
use base 'Class::Accessor::Fast';
use Catalyst::Exception;
use Catalyst::Utils;
use Catalyst::Action;
use Catalyst::ActionContainer;
use Catalyst::DispatchType::Default;
use Catalyst::DispatchType::Index;
use Catalyst::Utils;
use Text::SimpleTable;
use Tree::Simple;
use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByPath;
use Scalar::Util qw(blessed);

# Stringify to class
use overload '""' => sub { return ref shift }, fallback => 1;

__PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(
    qw/tree dispatch_types registered_dispatch_types
      method_action_class action_container_class
      preload_dispatch_types postload_dispatch_types
      action_hash container_hash
      /
);

# Preload these action types
our @PRELOAD = qw/Index Path Regex/;

# Postload these action types
our @POSTLOAD = qw/Default/;

=head1 NAME

Catalyst::Dispatcher - The Catalyst Dispatcher

=head1 SYNOPSIS

See L<Catalyst>.

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This is the class that maps public urls to actions in your Catalyst
application based on the attributes you set.

=head1 METHODS

=head2 new 

Construct a new dispatcher.

=cut

sub new {
    my $self  = shift;
    my $class = ref($self) || $self;

    my $obj = $class->SUPER::new(@_);

    # set the default pre- and and postloads
    $obj->preload_dispatch_types( \@PRELOAD );
    $obj->postload_dispatch_types( \@POSTLOAD );
    $obj->action_hash(    {} );
    $obj->container_hash( {} );

    # Create the root node of the tree
    my $container =
      Catalyst::ActionContainer->new( { part => '/', actions => {} } );
    $obj->tree( Tree::Simple->new( $container, Tree::Simple->ROOT ) );

    return $obj;
}

=head2 $self->preload_dispatch_types

An arrayref of pre-loaded dispatchtype classes

Entries are considered to be available as C<Catalyst::DispatchType::CLASS>
To use a custom class outside the regular C<Catalyst> namespace, prefix
it with a C<+>, like so:

    +My::Dispatch::Type

=head2 $self->postload_dispatch_types

An arrayref of post-loaded dispatchtype classes

Entries are considered to be available as C<Catalyst::DispatchType::CLASS>
To use a custom class outside the regular C<Catalyst> namespace, prefix
it with a C<+>, like so:

    +My::Dispatch::Type

=head2 $self->detach( $c, $command [, \@arguments ] )

Documented in L<Catalyst>

=cut

sub detach {
    my ( $self, $c, $command, @args ) = @_;
    $c->forward( $command, @args ) if $command;
    die $Catalyst::DETACH;
}

=head2 $self->dispatch($c)

Delegate the dispatch to the action that matched the url, or return a
message about unknown resource


=cut

sub dispatch {
    my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
    if ( $c->action ) {
        $c->forward( join( '/', '', $c->action->namespace, '_DISPATCH' ) );
    }

    else {
        my $path  = $c->req->path;
        my $error = $path
          ? qq/Unknown resource "$path"/
          : "No default action defined";
        $c->log->error($error) if $c->debug;
        $c->error($error);
    }
}

# $self->_command2action( $c, $command [, \@arguments ] )
# $self->_command2action( $c, $command [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
# Search for an action, from the command and returns C<($action, $args, $captures)> on
# success. Returns C<(0)> on error.

sub _command2action {
    my ( $self, $c, $command, @extra_params ) = @_;

    unless ($command) {
        $c->log->debug('Nothing to go to') if $c->debug;
        return 0;
    }

    my (@args, @captures);
    
    if ( ref( $extra_params[-2] ) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
        @captures = @{ pop @extra_params };
    }

    if ( ref( $extra_params[-1] ) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
        @args = @{ pop @extra_params }
    } else {
        # this is a copy, it may take some abuse from
        # ->_invoke_as_path if the path had trailing parts
        @args = @{ $c->request->arguments };
    }

    my $action;

    if (Scalar::Util::blessed($command) && $command->isa('Catalyst::Action')) {
        $action = $command;
    }
    else {
        # go to a string path ("/foo/bar/gorch")
        # or action object which stringifies to that
        $action = $self->_invoke_as_path( $c, "$command", \@args );
    }

    # go to a component ( "MyApp::*::Foo" or $c->component("...")
    # - a path or an object)
    unless ($action) {
        my $method = @extra_params ? $extra_params[0] : "process";
        $action = $self->_invoke_as_component( $c, $command, $method );
    }

    return $action, \@args, \@captures;
}

=head2 $self->visit( $c, $command [, \@arguments ] )

Documented in L<Catalyst>

=cut

sub visit {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->_do_visit('visit', @_);
}

sub _do_visit {
    my $self = shift;
    my $opname = shift;
    my ( $c, $command ) = @_;
    my ( $action, $args, $captures ) = $self->_command2action(@_);
    my $error = qq/Couldn't $opname("$command"): /;

    if (!$action) {
        $error .= qq/Couldn't $opname to command "$command": /
                 .qq/Invalid action or component./;
    }
    elsif (!defined $action->namespace) {
        $error .= qq/Action has no namespace: cannot $opname() to a plain /
                 .qq/method or component, must be an :Action of some sort./
    }
    elsif (!$action->class->can('_DISPATCH')) {
        $error .= qq/Action cannot _DISPATCH. /
                 .qq/Did you try to $opname() a non-controller action?/;
    }
    else {
        $error = q();
    }

    if($error) {
        $c->error($error);
        $c->log->debug($error) if $c->debug;
        return 0;
    }

    $action = $self->expand_action($action);

    local $c->request->{arguments} = $args;
    local $c->request->{captures}  = $captures;
    local $c->{namespace} = $action->{'namespace'};
    local $c->{action} = $action;

    $self->dispatch($c);
}

=head2 $self->go( $c, $command [, \@arguments ] )

Documented in L<Catalyst>

=cut

sub go {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->_do_visit('go', @_);
    die $Catalyst::GO;
}

=head2 $self->forward( $c, $command [, \@arguments ] )

Documented in L<Catalyst>

=cut

sub forward {
    my $self = shift;
    my ( $c, $command ) = @_;
    my ( $action, $args, $captures ) = $self->_command2action(@_);

    unless ($action) {
        my $error =
            qq/Couldn't forward to command "$command": /
          . qq/Invalid action or component./;
        $c->error($error);
        $c->log->debug($error) if $c->debug;
        return 0;
    }

    local $c->request->{arguments} = $args;
    $action->dispatch( $c );

    return $c->state;
}

sub _action_rel2abs {
    my ( $self, $c, $path ) = @_;

    unless ( $path =~ m#^/# ) {
        my $namespace = $c->stack->[-1]->namespace;
        $path = "$namespace/$path";
    }

    $path =~ s#^/##;
    return $path;
}

sub _invoke_as_path {
    my ( $self, $c, $rel_path, $args ) = @_;

    my $path = $self->_action_rel2abs( $c, $rel_path );

    my ( $tail, @extra_args );
    while ( ( $path, $tail ) = ( $path =~ m#^(?:(.*)/)?(\w+)?$# ) )
    {                           # allow $path to be empty
        if ( my $action = $c->get_action( $tail, $path ) ) {
            push @$args, @extra_args;
            return $action;
        }
        else {
            return
              unless $path
              ; # if a match on the global namespace failed then the whole lookup failed
        }

        unshift @extra_args, $tail;
    }
}

sub _find_component {
    my ( $self, $c, $component ) = @_;

    # fugly, why doesn't ->component('MyApp') work?
    return $c if ($component eq blessed($c));

    return blessed($component)
        ? $component
        : $c->component($component);
}

sub _invoke_as_component {
    my ( $self, $c, $component_or_class, $method ) = @_;

    my $component = $self->_find_component($c, $component_or_class);
    my $component_class = blessed $component || return 0;

    if (my $code = $component_class->can('action_for')) {
        my $possible_action = $component->$code($method);
        return $possible_action if $possible_action;
    }

    if ( my $code = $component_class->can($method) ) {
        return $self->method_action_class->new(
            {
                name      => $method,
                code      => $code,
                reverse   => "$component_class->$method",
                class     => $component_class,
                namespace => Catalyst::Utils::class2prefix(
                    $component_class, $c->config->{case_sensitive}
                ),
            }
        );
    }
    else {
        my $error =
          qq/Couldn't forward to "$component_class". Does not implement "$method"/;
        $c->error($error);
        $c->log->debug($error)
          if $c->debug;
        return 0;
    }
}

=head2 $self->prepare_action($c)

Find an dispatch type that matches $c->req->path, and set args from it.

=cut

sub prepare_action {
    my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
    my $path = $c->req->path;
    my @path = split /\//, $c->req->path;
    $c->req->args( \my @args );

    unshift( @path, '' );    # Root action

  DESCEND: while (@path) {
        $path = join '/', @path;
        $path =~ s#^/##;

        $path = '' if $path eq '/';    # Root action

        # Check out dispatch types to see if any will handle the path at
        # this level

        foreach my $type ( @{ $self->dispatch_types } ) {
            last DESCEND if $type->match( $c, $path );
        }

        # If not, move the last part path to args
        my $arg = pop(@path);
        $arg =~ s/%([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg;
        unshift @args, $arg;
    }

    s/%([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg for grep { defined } @{$c->req->captures||[]};

    $c->log->debug( 'Path is "' . $c->req->match . '"' )
      if ( $c->debug && length $c->req->match );

    $c->log->debug( 'Arguments are "' . join( '/', @args ) . '"' )
      if ( $c->debug && @args );
}

=head2 $self->get_action( $action, $namespace )

returns a named action from a given namespace.

=cut

sub get_action {
    my ( $self, $name, $namespace ) = @_;
    return unless $name;

    $namespace = join( "/", grep { length } split '/', ( defined $namespace ? $namespace : "" ) );

    return $self->action_hash->{"$namespace/$name"};
}

=head2 $self->get_action_by_path( $path ); 
   
Returns the named action by its full path. 

=cut 

sub get_action_by_path {
    my ( $self, $path ) = @_;
    $path =~ s/^\///;
    $path = "/$path" unless $path =~ /\//;
    $self->action_hash->{$path};
}

=head2 $self->get_actions( $c, $action, $namespace )

=cut

sub get_actions {
    my ( $self, $c, $action, $namespace ) = @_;
    return [] unless $action;

    $namespace = join( "/", grep { length } split '/', $namespace || "" );

    my @match = $self->get_containers($namespace);

    return map { $_->get_action($action) } @match;
}

=head2 $self->get_containers( $namespace )

Return all the action containers for a given namespace, inclusive

=cut

sub get_containers {
    my ( $self, $namespace ) = @_;
    $namespace ||= '';
    $namespace = '' if $namespace eq '/';

    my @containers;

    if ( length $namespace ) {
        do {
            push @containers, $self->container_hash->{$namespace};
        } while ( $namespace =~ s#/[^/]+$## );
    }

    return reverse grep { defined } @containers, $self->container_hash->{''};

    my @parts = split '/', $namespace;
}

=head2 $self->uri_for_action($action, \@captures)

Takes a Catalyst::Action object and action parameters and returns a URI
part such that if $c->req->path were this URI part, this action would be
dispatched to with $c->req->captures set to the supplied arrayref.

If the action object is not available for external dispatch or the dispatcher
cannot determine an appropriate URI, this method will return undef.

=cut

sub uri_for_action {
    my ( $self, $action, $captures) = @_;
    $captures ||= [];
    foreach my $dispatch_type ( @{ $self->dispatch_types } ) {
        my $uri = $dispatch_type->uri_for_action( $action, $captures );
        return( $uri eq '' ? '/' : $uri )
            if defined($uri);
    }
    return undef;
}

=head2 expand_action 

expand an action into a full representation of the dispatch.
mostly useful for chained, other actions will just return a
single action.

=cut

sub expand_action {
    my ($self, $action) = @_;

    foreach my $dispatch_type (@{ $self->dispatch_types }) {
        my $expanded = $dispatch_type->expand_action($action);
        return $expanded if $expanded;
    }

    return $action;
}

=head2 $self->register( $c, $action )

Make sure all required dispatch types for this action are loaded, then
pass the action to our dispatch types so they can register it if required.
Also, set up the tree with the action containers.

=cut

sub register {
    my ( $self, $c, $action ) = @_;

    my $registered = $self->registered_dispatch_types;

    my $priv = 0;
    foreach my $key ( keys %{ $action->attributes } ) {
        next if $key eq 'Private';
        my $class = "Catalyst::DispatchType::$key";
        unless ( $registered->{$class} ) {
            eval "require $class";
            push( @{ $self->dispatch_types }, $class->new ) unless $@;
            $registered->{$class} = 1;
        }
    }

    # Pass the action to our dispatch types so they can register it if reqd.
    foreach my $type ( @{ $self->dispatch_types } ) {
        $type->register( $c, $action );
    }

    my $namespace = $action->namespace;
    my $name      = $action->name;

    my $container = $self->_find_or_create_action_container($namespace);

    # Set the method value
    $container->add_action($action);

    $self->action_hash->{"$namespace/$name"} = $action;
    $self->container_hash->{$namespace} = $container;
}

sub _find_or_create_action_container {
    my ( $self, $namespace ) = @_;

    my $tree ||= $self->tree;

    return $tree->getNodeValue unless $namespace;

    my @namespace = split '/', $namespace;
    return $self->_find_or_create_namespace_node( $tree, @namespace )
      ->getNodeValue;
}

sub _find_or_create_namespace_node {
    my ( $self, $parent, $part, @namespace ) = @_;

    return $parent unless $part;

    my $child =
      ( grep { $_->getNodeValue->part eq $part } $parent->getAllChildren )[0];

    unless ($child) {
        my $container = Catalyst::ActionContainer->new($part);
        $parent->addChild( $child = Tree::Simple->new($container) );
    }

    $self->_find_or_create_namespace_node( $child, @namespace );
}

=head2 $self->setup_actions( $class, $context )


=cut

sub setup_actions {
    my ( $self, $c ) = @_;

    $self->dispatch_types( [] );
    $self->registered_dispatch_types( {} );
    $self->method_action_class('Catalyst::Action');
    $self->action_container_class('Catalyst::ActionContainer');

    my @classes =
      $self->_load_dispatch_types( @{ $self->preload_dispatch_types } );
    @{ $self->registered_dispatch_types }{@classes} = (1) x @classes;

    foreach my $comp ( values %{ $c->components } ) {
        $comp->register_actions($c) if $comp->can('register_actions');
    }

    $self->_load_dispatch_types( @{ $self->postload_dispatch_types } );

    return unless $c->debug;
    $self->_display_action_tables($c);
}

sub _display_action_tables {
    my ($self, $c) = @_;

    my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 20 - 36 - 12;
    my $privates = Text::SimpleTable->new(
        [ 20, 'Private' ], [ 36, 'Class' ], [ $column_width, 'Method' ]
    );

    my $has_private = 0;
    my $walker = sub {
        my ( $walker, $parent, $prefix ) = @_;
        $prefix .= $parent->getNodeValue || '';
        $prefix .= '/' unless $prefix =~ /\/$/;
        my $node = $parent->getNodeValue->actions;

        for my $action ( keys %{$node} ) {
            my $action_obj = $node->{$action};
            next
              if ( ( $action =~ /^_.*/ )
                && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
            $privates->row( "$prefix$action", $action_obj->class, $action );
            $has_private = 1;
        }

        $walker->( $walker, $_, $prefix ) for $parent->getAllChildren;
    };

    $walker->( $walker, $self->tree, '' );
    $c->log->debug( "Loaded Private actions:\n" . $privates->draw . "\n" )
      if $has_private;

    # List all public actions
    $_->list($c) for @{ $self->dispatch_types };
}

sub _load_dispatch_types {
    my ( $self, @types ) = @_;

    my @loaded;

    # Preload action types
    for my $type (@types) {
        my $class =
          ( $type =~ /^\+(.*)$/ ) ? $1 : "Catalyst::DispatchType::${type}";
        eval "require $class";
        Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Couldn't load "$class"/ )
          if $@;
        push @{ $self->dispatch_types }, $class->new;

        push @loaded, $class;
    }

    return @loaded;
}

=head2 $self->dispatch_type( $type )

Get the DispatchType object of the relevant type, i.e. passing C<$type> of
C<Chained> would return a L<Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained> object (assuming
of course it's being used.) 

=cut

sub dispatch_type {
    my ($self, $name) = @_;

    unless ($name =~ s/^\+//) {
        $name = "Catalyst::DispatchType::" . $name;
    }

    for (@{ $self->dispatch_types }) {
        return $_ if ref($_) eq $name;
    }
    return undef;
}

=head1 AUTHORS

Catalyst Contributors, see Catalyst.pm

=head1 COPYRIGHT

This program is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as Perl itself.

=cut

1;