1 package Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema;
6 extends 'Catalyst::Model';
10 use namespace::autoclean;
11 use Carp::Clan '^Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema';
16 use Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema::Types
17 qw/ConnectInfo SchemaClass CursorClass/;
19 use MooseX::Types::Moose qw/ArrayRef Str ClassName Undef/;
23 Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema - DBIx::Class::Schema Model Class
27 Manual creation of a DBIx::Class::Schema and a Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema:
33 Create the DBIx:Class schema in MyApp/Schema/FilmDB.pm:
35 package MyApp::Schema::FilmDB;
36 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
38 __PACKAGE__->load_classes(qw/Actor Role/);
42 Create some classes for the tables in the database, for example an
43 Actor in MyApp/Schema/FilmDB/Actor.pm:
45 package MyApp::Schema::FilmDB::Actor;
46 use base qw/DBIx::Class/
48 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Core/);
49 __PACKAGE__->table('actor');
53 and a Role in MyApp/Schema/FilmDB/Role.pm:
55 package MyApp::Schema::FilmDB::Role;
56 use base qw/DBIx::Class/
58 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Core/);
59 __PACKAGE__->table('role');
63 Notice that the schema is in MyApp::Schema, not in MyApp::Model. This way it's
64 usable as a standalone module and you can test/run it without Catalyst.
68 To expose it to Catalyst as a model, you should create a DBIC Model in
69 MyApp/Model/FilmDB.pm:
71 package MyApp::Model::FilmDB;
72 use base qw/Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema/;
75 schema_class => 'MyApp::Schema::FilmDB',
79 password => "password",
83 See below for a full list of the possible config parameters.
87 Now you have a working Model which accesses your separate DBIC Schema. This can
88 be used/accessed in the normal Catalyst manner, via $c->model():
90 my $actor = $c->model('FilmDB::Actor')->find(1);
92 You can also use it to set up DBIC authentication with
93 L<Catalyst::Authentication::Store::DBIx::Class> in MyApp.pm:
97 use Catalyst qw/... Authentication .../;
101 __PACKAGE__->config->{authentication} =
103 default_realm => 'members',
108 password_field => 'password',
109 password_type => 'hashed'
110 password_hash_type => 'SHA-256'
113 class => 'DBIx::Class',
114 user_model => 'DB::User',
115 role_relation => 'roles',
116 role_field => 'rolename',
122 C<< $c->model('Schema::Source') >> returns a L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> for
123 the source name parameter passed. To find out more about which methods can
124 be called on a ResultSet, or how to add your own methods to it, please see
125 the ResultSet documentation in the L<DBIx::Class> distribution.
127 Some examples are given below:
129 # to access schema methods directly:
130 $c->model('FilmDB')->schema->source(...);
132 # to access the source object, resultset, and class:
133 $c->model('FilmDB')->source(...);
134 $c->model('FilmDB')->resultset(...);
135 $c->model('FilmDB')->class(...);
137 # For resultsets, there's an even quicker shortcut:
138 $c->model('FilmDB::Actor')
139 # is the same as $c->model('FilmDB')->resultset('Actor')
141 # To get the composed schema for making new connections:
142 my $newconn = $c->model('FilmDB')->composed_schema->connect(...);
144 # Or the same thing via a convenience shortcut:
145 my $newconn = $c->model('FilmDB')->connect(...);
147 # or, if your schema works on different storage drivers:
148 my $newconn = $c->model('FilmDB')->composed_schema->clone();
149 $newconn->storage_type('::LDAP');
150 $newconn->connection(...);
152 # and again, a convenience shortcut
153 my $newconn = $c->model('FilmDB')->clone();
154 $newconn->storage_type('::LDAP');
155 $newconn->connection(...);
159 This is a Catalyst Model for L<DBIx::Class::Schema>-based Models. See
160 the documentation for L<Catalyst::Helper::Model::DBIC::Schema> for
161 information on generating these Models via Helper scripts.
163 When your Catalyst app starts up, a thin Model layer is created as an
164 interface to your DBIC Schema. It should be clearly noted that the model
165 object returned by C<< $c->model('FilmDB') >> is NOT itself a DBIC schema or
166 resultset object, but merely a wrapper proving L<methods|/METHODS> to access
167 the underlying schema.
169 In addition to this model class, a shortcut class is generated for each
170 source in the schema, allowing easy and direct access to a resultset of the
171 corresponding type. These generated classes are even thinner than the model
172 class, providing no public methods but simply hooking into Catalyst's
173 model() accessor via the
174 L<ACCEPT_CONTEXT|Catalyst::Component/ACCEPT_CONTEXT> mechanism. The complete
175 contents of each generated class is roughly equivalent to the following:
177 package MyApp::Model::FilmDB::Actor
180 $c->model('FilmDB')->resultset('Actor');
183 In short, there are three techniques available for obtaining a DBIC
187 my $rs = $c->model('FilmDB')->schema->resultset('Actor');
189 # using the shortcut method on the model object
190 my $rs = $c->model('FilmDB')->resultset('Actor');
192 # using the generated class directly
193 my $rs = $c->model('FilmDB::Actor');
195 In order to add methods to a DBIC resultset, you cannot simply add them to
196 the source (row, table) definition class; you must define a separate custom
197 resultset class. See L<DBIx::Class::Manual::Cookbook/"Predefined searches">
200 =head1 CONFIG PARAMETERS
204 This is the classname of your L<DBIx::Class::Schema> Schema. It needs
205 to be findable in C<@INC>, but it does not need to be inside the
206 C<Catalyst::Model::> namespace. This parameter is required.
210 This is an arrayref of connection parameters, which are specific to your
211 C<storage_type> (see your storage type documentation for more details).
212 If you only need one parameter (e.g. the DSN), you can just pass a string
213 instead of an arrayref.
215 This is not required if C<schema_class> already has connection information
216 defined inside itself (which isn't highly recommended, but can be done)
218 For L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI>, which is the only supported
219 C<storage_type> in L<DBIx::Class> at the time of this writing, the
220 parameters are your dsn, username, password, and connect options hashref.
222 See L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> for a detailed explanation
223 of the arguments supported.
228 dsn => 'dbi:Pg:dbname=mypgdb',
234 dsn => 'dbi:SQLite:dbname=foo.db',
236 'PRAGMA synchronous = OFF',
241 dsn => 'dbi:Pg:dbname=mypgdb',
246 'some SQL statement',
247 'another SQL statement',
251 Or using L<Config::General>:
254 schema_class MyApp::Schema::FilmDB
257 dsn dbi:Pg:dbname=mypgdb
262 on_connect_do some SQL statement
263 on_connect_do another SQL statement
270 schema_class MyApp::Schema::FilmDB
271 connect_info dbi:SQLite:dbname=foo.db
284 on_connect_do: [ "alter session set nls_date_format = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'" ]
285 cursor_class: 'DBIx::Class::Cursor::Cached'
288 The old arrayref style with hashrefs for L<DBI> then L<DBIx::Class> options is also
292 'dbi:Pg:dbname=mypgdb',
301 'some SQL statement',
302 'another SQL statement',
309 Array of Traits to apply to the instance. Traits are L<Moose::Role>s.
311 They are relative to the C<< MyApp::Model::DB::Trait:: >>, then the C<<
312 Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema::Trait:: >> namespaces, unless prefixed with C<+>
313 in which case they are taken to be a fully qualified name. E.g.:
316 traits +MyApp::DB::Trait::Foo
318 A new instance is created at application time, so any consumed required
319 attributes, coercions and modifiers will work.
321 Traits are applied at L<Catalyst::Component/COMPONENT> time using L<MooseX::Traits>.
323 C<ref $self> will be an anon class if any traits are applied, C<<
324 $self->_original_class_name >> will be the original class.
326 When writing a Trait, interesting points to modify are C<BUILD>, L</setup> and
329 Traits that come with the distribution:
333 =item L<Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema::Trait::Caching>
335 =item L<Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema::Trait::Replicated>
341 Allows the use of a different C<storage_type> than what is set in your
342 C<schema_class> (which in turn defaults to C<::DBI> if not set in current
343 L<DBIx::Class>). Completely optional, and probably unnecessary for most
344 people until other storage backends become available for L<DBIx::Class>.
348 The keys you pass in the model configuration are available as attributes.
350 Other attributes available:
354 Your connect_info args normalized to hashref form (with dsn/user/password.) See
355 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> for more info on the hashref form of
360 The model name L<Catalyst> uses to resolve this model, the part after
361 C<::Model::> or C<::M::> in your class name. E.g. if your class name is
362 C<MyApp::Model::DB> the L</model_name> will be C<DB>.
364 =head2 _original_class_name
366 The class name of your model before any L</traits> are applied. E.g.
369 =head2 _default_cursor_class
371 What to reset your L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/cursor_class> to if a custom one
372 doesn't work out. Defaults to L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Cursor>.
376 Unresolved arrayref of traits passed in the config.
378 =head2 _resolved_traits
380 Traits you used resolved to full class names.
386 Instantiates the Model based on the above-documented ->config parameters.
387 The only required parameter is C<schema_class>. C<connect_info> is
388 required in the case that C<schema_class> does not already have connection
389 information defined for it.
393 Accessor which returns the connected schema being used by the this model.
394 There are direct shortcuts on the model class itself for
395 schema->resultset, schema->source, and schema->class.
397 =head2 composed_schema
399 Accessor which returns the composed schema, which has no connection info,
400 which was used in constructing the C<schema> above. Useful for creating
401 new connections based on the same schema/model. There are direct shortcuts
402 from the model object for composed_schema->clone and composed_schema->connect
406 Shortcut for ->composed_schema->clone
410 Shortcut for ->composed_schema->connect
414 Shortcut for ->schema->source
418 Shortcut for ->schema->class
422 Shortcut for ->schema->resultset
426 Provides an accessor for the connected schema's storage object.
427 Used often for debugging and controlling transactions.
431 has schema => (is => 'rw', isa => 'DBIx::Class::Schema');
433 has schema_class => (
440 has storage_type => (is => 'rw', isa => Str);
442 has connect_info => (is => 'ro', isa => ConnectInfo, coerce => 1);
451 has _traits => (is => 'ro', isa => ArrayRef);
452 has _resolved_traits => (is => 'ro', isa => ArrayRef);
454 has _default_cursor_class => (
457 default => 'DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Cursor',
461 has _original_class_name => (
465 default => sub { blessed $_[0] },
469 my ($class, $app, $args) = @_;
471 $args = $class->merge_config_hashes($class->config, $args);
473 if (my $traits = delete $args->{traits}) {
474 my @traits = $class->_resolve_traits($traits->flatten);
475 return $class->new_with_traits(
477 _original_class_name => $class,
479 _resolved_traits => \@traits,
484 return $class->new($args);
489 my $class = ref $self;
490 my $schema_class = $self->schema_class;
492 if( !$self->connect_info ) {
493 if($schema_class->storage && $schema_class->storage->connect_info) {
494 $self->connect_info($schema_class->storage->connect_info);
497 die "Either ->config->{connect_info} must be defined for $class"
498 . " or $schema_class must have connect info defined on it."
499 . " Here's what we got:\n"
504 if (exists $self->connect_info->{cursor_class}) {
505 eval { Class::MOP::load_class($self->connect_info->{cursor_class}) }
506 or croak "invalid connect_info: Cannot load your cursor_class"
507 . " ".$self->connect_info->{cursor_class}.": $@";
512 $self->composed_schema($schema_class->compose_namespace($class));
514 $self->schema($self->composed_schema->clone);
516 $self->schema->storage_type($self->storage_type)
517 if $self->storage_type;
519 $self->schema->connection($self->connect_info);
521 $self->_install_rs_models;
524 sub clone { shift->composed_schema->clone(@_); }
526 sub connect { shift->composed_schema->connect(@_); }
528 sub storage { shift->schema->storage(@_); }
530 sub resultset { shift->schema->resultset(@_); }
534 Called at C<BUILD>> time before configuration, but after L</connect_info> is
535 set. To do something after configuuration use C<< after BUILD => >>.
541 =head2 ACCEPT_CONTEXT
543 Point of extension for doing things at C<< $c->model >> time with context,
544 returns the model instance, see L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro/ACCEPT_CONTEXT> for
549 sub ACCEPT_CONTEXT { shift }
551 sub _install_rs_models {
553 my $class = $self->_original_class_name;
557 my @sources = $self->schema->sources;
559 die "No sources found (did you forget to define your tables?)"
562 foreach my $moniker (@sources) {
563 my $classname = "${class}::$moniker";
564 *{"${classname}::ACCEPT_CONTEXT"} = sub {
566 shift->model($self->model_name)->resultset($moniker);
571 sub _reset_cursor_class {
574 if ($self->storage->can('cursor_class')) {
575 $self->storage->cursor_class($self->_default_cursor_class)
576 if $self->storage->cursor_class ne $self->_default_cursor_class;
583 sub composed_schema {
585 my $class = $self->_original_class_name;
586 my $store = \$COMPOSED_CACHE{$class}{$self->schema_class};
588 $$store = shift if @_;
594 sub _resolve_traits {
595 my ($class, @names) = @_;
598 my @search_ns = grep !/^(?:Moose|Class::MOP)::/,
599 $class->meta->class_precedence_list;
603 OUTER: for my $name (@names) {
604 if ($name =~ /^\+(.*)/) {
608 for my $ns (@search_ns) {
609 my $full = "${ns}::${base}::${name}";
610 if (eval { Class::MOP::load_class($full) }) {
620 sub _build_model_name {
622 my $class = $self->_original_class_name;
623 (my $model_name = $class) =~ s/^[\w:]+::(?:Model|M):://;
628 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;
632 General Catalyst Stuff:
634 L<Catalyst::Manual>, L<Catalyst::Test>, L<Catalyst::Request>,
635 L<Catalyst::Response>, L<Catalyst::Helper>, L<Catalyst>,
637 Stuff related to DBIC and this Model style:
639 L<DBIx::Class>, L<DBIx::Class::Schema>,
640 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>, L<Catalyst::Helper::Model::DBIC::Schema>,
641 L<MooseX::Object::Pluggable>
645 L<Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema::Trait::Caching>,
646 L<Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema::Trait::Replicated>
650 Brandon L Black, C<blblack at gmail.com>
654 Rafael Kitover, C<rkitover at cpan.org>
658 This program is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it
659 under the same terms as Perl itself.