# 3) print header(-nph=>1)
$NPH=0;
-$CGI::revision = '$Id: CGI.pm,v 2.35 1997/4/20 20:19 lstein Exp $';
-$CGI::VERSION='2.35';
+# Set this to 1 to make the temporary files created
+# during file uploads safe from prying eyes
+# or do...
+# 1) use CGI qw(:private_tempfiles)
+# 2) $CGI::private_tempfiles(1);
+$PRIVATE_TEMPFILES=0;
+
+$CGI::revision = '$Id: CGI.pm,v 2.36 1997/5/10 8:22 lstein Exp $';
+$CGI::VERSION='2.36';
# OVERRIDE THE OS HERE IF CGI.pm GUESSES WRONG
# $OS = 'UNIX';
tt i b blockquote pre img a address cite samp dfn html head
base body link nextid title meta kbd start_html end_html
input Select option/],
- ':html3'=>[qw/div table caption th td TR Tr super sub strike applet PARAM embed basefont/],
+ ':html3'=>[qw/div table caption th td TR Tr super sub strike applet PARAM embed basefont style span/],
':netscape'=>[qw/blink frameset frame script font fontsize center/],
':form'=>[qw/textfield textarea filefield password_field hidden checkbox checkbox_group
submit reset defaults radio_group popup_menu button autoEscape
':cgi'=>[qw/param path_info path_translated url self_url script_name cookie dump
raw_cookie request_method query_string accept user_agent remote_host
remote_addr referer server_name server_software server_port server_protocol
- virtual_host remote_ident auth_type http
+ virtual_host remote_ident auth_type http use_named_parameters
remote_user user_name header redirect import_names put/],
':ssl' => [qw/https/],
':cgi-lib' => [qw/ReadParse PrintHeader HtmlTop HtmlBot SplitParam/],
my ($callpack, $callfile, $callline) = caller;
foreach (@_) {
$NPH++, next if $_ eq ':nph';
+ $PRIVATE_TEMPFILES++, next if $_ eq ':private_tempfiles';
foreach (&expand_tags($_)) {
tr/a-zA-Z0-9_//cd; # don't allow weird function names
$EXPORT{$_}++;
# if the user indicates an expiration time, then we need
# both an Expires and a Date header (so that the browser is
# uses OUR clock)
- push(@header,"Expires: " . &expires($expires)) if $expires;
- push(@header,"Date: " . &expires(0)) if $expires;
+ push(@header,"Expires: " . &date(&expire_calc($expires),'http'))
+ if $expires;
+ push(@header,"Date: " . &date(&expire_calc(0),'http')) if $expires || $cookie;
push(@header,"Pragma: no-cache") if $self->cache();
push(@header,@other);
push(@header,"Content-type: $type");
# $script -> (option) Javascript code (-script)
# $no_script -> (option) Javascript <noscript> tag (-noscript)
# $meta -> (optional) Meta information tags
+# $head -> (optional) any other elements you'd like to incorporate into the <HEAD> tag
+# (a scalar or array ref)
+# $style -> (optional) reference to an external style sheet
# @other -> (optional) any other named parameters you'd like to incorporate into
# the <BODY> tag.
####
'start_html' => <<'END_OF_FUNC',
sub start_html {
my($self,@p) = &self_or_default(@_);
- my($title,$author,$base,$xbase,$script,$noscript,$target,$meta,@other) =
- $self->rearrange([TITLE,AUTHOR,BASE,XBASE,SCRIPT,NOSCRIPT,TARGET,META],@p);
+ my($title,$author,$base,$xbase,$script,$noscript,$target,$meta,$head,$style,@other) =
+ $self->rearrange([TITLE,AUTHOR,BASE,XBASE,SCRIPT,NOSCRIPT,TARGET,META,HEAD,STYLE],@p);
# strangely enough, the title needs to be escaped as HTML
# while the author needs to be escaped as a URL
if ($meta && ref($meta) && (ref($meta) eq 'HASH')) {
foreach (keys %$meta) { push(@result,qq(<META NAME="$_" CONTENT="$meta->{$_}">)); }
}
- push(@result,<<END) if $script;
-<SCRIPT>
-<!-- Hide script from HTML-compliant browsers
-$script
-// End script hiding. -->
-</SCRIPT>
-END
- ;
+
+ push(@result,ref($head) ? @$head : $head) if $head;
+
+ # handle various types of -style parameters
+ if ($style) {
+ if (ref($style)) {
+ my($src,$code,@other) =
+ $self->rearrange([SRC,CODE],
+ '-foo'=>'bar', # a trick to allow the '-' to be omitted
+ ref($style) eq 'ARRAY' ? @$style : %$style);
+ push(@result,qq/<LINK REL="stylesheet" HREF="$src">/) if $src;
+ push(@result,style($code)) if $code;
+ } else {
+ push(@result,style($style))
+ }
+ }
+
+ # handle -script parameter
+ if ($script) {
+ my($src,$code,$language);
+ if (ref($script)) { # script is a hash
+ ($src,$code,$language) =
+ $self->rearrange([SRC,CODE,LANGUAGE],
+ '-foo'=>'bar', # a trick to allow the '-' to be omitted
+ ref($style) eq 'ARRAY' ? @$script : %$script);
+
+ } else {
+ ($src,$code,$language) = ('',$script,'JavaScript');
+ }
+ my(@satts);
+ push(@satts,'src'=>$src) if $src;
+ push(@satts,'language'=>$language || 'JavaScript');
+ $code = "<!-- Hide script\n$code\n// End script hiding -->"
+ if $code && $language=~/javascript/i;
+ $code = "<!-- Hide script\n$code\n\# End script hiding -->"
+ if $code && $language=~/perl/i;
+ push(@result,script({@satts},$code));
+ }
+
+ # handle -noscript parameter
push(@result,<<END) if $noscript;
<NOSCRIPT>
$noscript
# -path -> paths for which this cookie is valid (optional)
# -domain -> internet domain in which this cookie is valid (optional)
# -secure -> if true, cookie only passed through secure channel (optional)
-# -expires -> expiry date in format Wdy, DD-Mon-YY HH:MM:SS GMT (optional)
+# -expires -> expiry date in format Wdy, DD-Mon-YYYY HH:MM:SS GMT (optional)
####
'cookie' => <<'END_OF_FUNC',
# temporary, for debugging.
my(@constant_values);
push(@constant_values,"domain=$domain") if $domain;
push(@constant_values,"path=$path") if $path;
- push(@constant_values,"expires=".&expires($expires)) if $expires;
+ push(@constant_values,"expires=".&date(&expire_calc($expires),'cookie'))
+ if $expires;
push(@constant_values,'secure') if $secure;
my($key) = &escape($name);
END_OF_FUNC
-# This internal routine creates an expires string exactly some number of
-# hours from the current time in GMT. This is the format
-# required by Netscape cookies, and I think it works for the HTTP
-# Expires: header as well.
-'expires' => <<'END_OF_FUNC',
-sub expires {
+# This internal routine creates an expires time exactly some number of
+# hours from the current time. It incorporates modifications from
+# Fisher Mark.
+'expire_calc' => <<'END_OF_FUNC',
+sub expire_calc {
my($time) = @_;
- my(@MON)=qw/Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec/;
- my(@WDAY) = qw/Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday/;
my(%mult) = ('s'=>1,
- 'm'=>60,
- 'h'=>60*60,
- 'd'=>60*60*24,
- 'M'=>60*60*24*30,
- 'y'=>60*60*24*365);
+ 'm'=>60,
+ 'h'=>60*60,
+ 'd'=>60*60*24,
+ 'M'=>60*60*24*30,
+ 'y'=>60*60*24*365);
# format for time can be in any of the forms...
# "now" -- expire immediately
# "+180s" -- in 180 seconds
# specifying the date yourself
my($offset);
if (!$time || ($time eq 'now')) {
- $offset = 0;
+ $offset = 0;
} elsif ($time=~/^([+-]?\d+)([mhdMy]?)/) {
- $offset = ($mult{$2} || 1)*$1;
+ $offset = ($mult{$2} || 1)*$1;
} else {
- return $time;
+ return $time;
}
- my($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday) = gmtime(time+$offset);
- $year += 1900 unless $year < 100;
- return sprintf("%s, %02d-%s-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT",
- $WDAY[$wday],$mday,$MON[$mon],$year,$hour,$min,$sec);
+ return (time+$offset);
}
END_OF_FUNC
+# This internal routine creates date strings suitable for use in
+# cookies and HTTP headers. (They differ, unfortunately.)
+# Thanks to Fisher Mark for this.
+'date' => <<'END_OF_FUNC',
+sub date {
+ my($time,$format) = @_;
+ my(@MON)=qw/Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec/;
+ my(@WDAY) = qw/Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat/;
+
+ # pass through preformatted dates for the sake of expire_calc()
+ if ("$time" =~ m/^[^0-9]/o) {
+ return $time;
+ }
+
+ # make HTTP/cookie date string from GMT'ed time
+ # (cookies use '-' as date separator, HTTP uses ' ')
+ my($sc) = ' ';
+ $sc = '-' if $format eq "cookie";
+ my($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday) = gmtime($time);
+ $year += 1900;
+ return sprintf("%s, %02d$sc%s$sc%04d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT",
+ $WDAY[$wday],$mday,$MON[$mon],$year,$hour,$min,$sec);
+}
+END_OF_FUNC
###############################################
# OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE ENVIRONMENT
'nph' => <<'END_OF_FUNC',
sub nph {
my ($self,$param) = self_or_CGI(@_);
- $CGI::nph = $param if defined($param);
- return $CGI::nph;
+ $CGI::NPH = $param if defined($param);
+ return $CGI::NPH;
+}
+END_OF_FUNC
+
+#### Method: private_tempfiles
+# Set or return the private_tempfiles global flag
+####
+'private_tempfiles' => <<'END_OF_FUNC',
+sub private_tempfiles {
+ my ($self,$param) = self_or_CGI(@_);
+ $CGI::$PRIVATE_TEMPFILES = $param if defined($param);
+ return $CGI::PRIVATE_TEMPFILES;
}
END_OF_FUNC
my($tmpfile) = new TempFile;
my $tmp = $tmpfile->as_string;
- open (OUT,">$tmp") || die "CGI open of $tmpfile: $!\n";
- $CGI::DefaultClass->binmode(OUT) if $CGI::needs_binmode;
- chmod 0666,$tmp; # make sure anyone can delete it.
- my $data;
- while ($data = $buffer->read) {
- print OUT $data;
- }
- close OUT;
-
# Now create a new filehandle in the caller's namespace.
# The name of this filehandle just happens to be identical
# to the original filename (NOT the name of the temporary
$filehandle = "\:\:$filename";
}
- open($filehandle,$tmp) || die "CGI open of $tmp: $!\n";
+ # potential security problem -- this type of line can clobber
+ # tempfile, and can be abused by malicious users.
+ # open ($filehandle,">$tmp") || die "CGI open of $tmpfile: $!\n";
+
+ # This technique causes open to fail if file already exists.
+ unless (defined(&O_RDWR)) {
+ require Fcntl;
+ import Fcntl qw/O_RDWR O_CREAT O_EXCL/;
+ }
+ sysopen($filehandle,$tmp,&O_RDWR|&O_CREAT|&O_EXCL) || die "CGI open of $tmp: $!\n";
+ unlink($tmp) if $PRIVATE_TEMPFILES;
+
$CGI::DefaultClass->binmode($filehandle) if $CGI::needs_binmode;
+ chmod 0600,$tmp; # only the owner can tamper with it
+ my $data;
+ while (defined($data = $buffer->read)) {
+ print $filehandle $data;
+ }
+ seek($filehandle,0,0); #rewind file
push(@{$self->{$param}},$filename);
# Under Unix, it would be safe to let the temporary file
# asking for $query->{$query->param('foo')}, where 'foo'
# is the name of the file upload field.
$self->{'.tmpfiles'}->{$filename}= {
- name=>$tmpfile,
+ name=>($PRIVATE_TEMPFILES ? '' : $tmpfile),
info=>{%header}
}
}
'tmpFileName' => <<'END_OF_FUNC',
sub tmpFileName {
my($self,$filename) = self_or_default(@_);
- return $self->{'.tmpfiles'}->{$filename}->{name}->as_string;
+ return $self->{'.tmpfiles'}->{$filename}->{name} ?
+ $self->{'.tmpfiles'}->{$filename}->{name}->as_string
+ : '';
}
END_OF_FUNC
-target=>'_blank',
-meta=>{'keywords'=>'pharaoh secret mummy',
'copyright'=>'copyright 1996 King Tut'},
+ -style=>{'src'=>'/styles/style1.css'},
-BGCOLOR=>'blue');
-or-
There is no support for the HTTP-EQUIV type of <META> tag. This is
because you can modify the HTTP header directly with the B<header()>
-method.
+method. For example, if you want to send the Refresh: header, do it
+in the header() method:
+
+ print $q->header(-Refresh=>'10; URL=http://www.capricorn.com');
+
+The B<-style> tag is used to incorporate cascading stylesheets into
+your code. See the section on CASCADING STYLESHEETS for more information.
+
+You can place other arbitrary HTML elements to the <HEAD> section with the
+B<-head> tag. For example, to place the rarely-used <LINK> element in the
+head section, use this:
+
+ print $q->header(-head=>link({-rel=>'next',
+ -href=>'http://www.capricorn.com/s2.html'}));
+
+To incorporate multiple HTML elements into the <HEAD> section, just pass an
+array reference:
+
+ print $q->header(-head=>[ link({-rel=>'next',
+ -href=>'http://www.capricorn.com/s2.html'}),
+ link({-rel=>'previous',
+ -href=>'http://www.capricorn.com/s1.html'})
+ ]
+ );
+
JAVASCRIPTING: The B<-script>, B<-noScript>, B<-onLoad> and B<-onUnload> parameters
are used to add Netscape JavaScript calls to your pages. B<-script>
browsers that do not have JavaScript (or browsers where JavaScript is turned
off).
+Netscape 3.0 recognizes several attributes of the <SCRIPT> tag,
+including LANGUAGE and SRC. The latter is particularly interesting,
+as it allows you to keep the JavaScript code in a file or CGI script
+rather than cluttering up each page with the source. To use these
+attributes pass a HASH reference in the B<-script> parameter containing
+one or more of -language, -src, or -code:
+
+ print $q->start_html(-title=>'The Riddle of the Sphinx',
+ -script=>{-language=>'JAVASCRIPT',
+ -src=>'/javascript/sphinx.js'}
+ );
+
+ print $q->(-title=>'The Riddle of the Sphinx',
+ -script=>{-language=>'PERLSCRIPT'},
+ -code=>'print "hello world!\n;"'
+ );
+
+
See
http://home.netscape.com/eng/mozilla/2.0/handbook/javascript/
create pages in which the fill-out form and the response live in
side-by-side frames.
+=head1 LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
+
+CGI.pm has limited support for HTML3's cascading style sheets (css).
+To incorporate a stylesheet into your document, pass the
+start_html() method a B<-style> parameter. The value of this
+parameter may be a scalar, in which case it is incorporated directly
+into a <STYLE> section, or it may be a hash reference. In the latter
+case you should provide the hash with one or more of B<-src> or
+B<-code>. B<-src> points to a URL where an externally-defined
+stylesheet can be found. B<-code> points to a scalar value to be
+incorporated into a <STYLE> section. Style definitions in B<-code>
+override similarly-named ones in B<-src>, hence the name "cascading."
+
+To refer to a style within the body of your document, add the
+B<-class> parameter to any HTML element:
+
+ print h1({-class=>'Fancy'},'Welcome to the Party');
+
+Or define styles on the fly with the B<-style> parameter:
+
+ print h1({-style=>'Color: red;'},'Welcome to Hell');
+
+You may also use the new B<span()> element to apply a style to a
+section of text:
+
+ print span({-style=>'Color: red;'},
+ h1('Welcome to Hell'),
+ "Where did that handbasket get to?"
+ );
+
+Note that you must import the ":html3" definitions to have the
+B<span()> method available. Here's a quick and dirty example of using
+CSS's. See the CSS specification at
+http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR/Wd-css-1.html for more information.
+
+ use CGI qw/:standard :html3/;
+
+ #here's a stylesheet incorporated directly into the page
+ $newStyle=<<END;
+ <!--
+ P.Tip {
+ margin-right: 50pt;
+ margin-left: 50pt;
+ color: red;
+ }
+ P.Alert {
+ font-size: 30pt;
+ font-family: sans-serif;
+ color: red;
+ }
+ -->
+ END
+ print header();
+ print start_html( -title=>'CGI with Style',
+ -style=>{-src=>'http://www.capricorn.com/style/st1.css',
+ -code=>$newStyle}
+ );
+ print h1('CGI with Style'),
+ p({-class=>'Tip'},
+ "Better read the cascading style sheet spec before playing with this!"),
+ span({-style=>'color: magenta'},
+ "Look Mom, no hands!",
+ p(),
+ "Whooo wee!"
+ );
+ print end_html;
+
=head1 DEBUGGING
If you are running the script
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / commitdiff