#define PL_statusvalue_vms (PERL_GET_INTERP->Istatusvalue_vms)
#define PL_stderrgv (PERL_GET_INTERP->Istderrgv)
#define PL_stdingv (PERL_GET_INTERP->Istdingv)
+#define PL_stopav (PERL_GET_INTERP->Istopav)
#define PL_strtab (PERL_GET_INTERP->Istrtab)
#define PL_strtab_mutex (PERL_GET_INTERP->Istrtab_mutex)
#define PL_sub_generation (PERL_GET_INTERP->Isub_generation)
#define PL_statusvalue_vms (vTHX->Istatusvalue_vms)
#define PL_stderrgv (vTHX->Istderrgv)
#define PL_stdingv (vTHX->Istdingv)
+#define PL_stopav (vTHX->Istopav)
#define PL_strtab (vTHX->Istrtab)
#define PL_strtab_mutex (vTHX->Istrtab_mutex)
#define PL_sub_generation (vTHX->Isub_generation)
#define PL_Istatusvalue_vms PL_statusvalue_vms
#define PL_Istderrgv PL_stderrgv
#define PL_Istdingv PL_stdingv
+#define PL_Istopav PL_stopav
#define PL_Istrtab PL_strtab
#define PL_Istrtab_mutex PL_strtab_mutex
#define PL_Isub_generation PL_sub_generation
}
if ($check{private_names}) {
my $opname = $op->name;
- if (($opname eq "gv" || $opname eq "gvsv") {
+ if ($opname eq "gv" || $opname eq "gvsv") {
my $gv = $op->gv;
if ($gv->NAME =~ /^_./ && $gv->STASH->NAME ne $curstash) {
warning('Illegal reference to private name %s', $gv->NAME);
BEGIN { %Seen = %INC }
-END {
+STOP {
my @arr=scan($main::{"main::"});
@arr=map{s/\:\:$//;$_;} @arr;
print "-umain,-u", join (",-u",@arr) ,"\n";
it should return a sub ref (usually a closure) to perform the
actual compilation. When O regains control, it ensures that the
"-c" option is forced (so that the program being compiled doesn't
- end up running) and registers an END block to call back the sub ref
+ end up running) and registers a STOP block to call back the sub ref
returned from the backend's compile(). Perl then continues by
parsing prog.pl (just as it would with "perl -c prog.pl") and after
- doing so, assuming there are no parse-time errors, the END block
+ doing so, assuming there are no parse-time errors, the STOP block
of O gets called and the actual backend compilation happens. Phew.
my $compilesub = &{"B::${backend}::compile"}(@options);
if (ref($compilesub) eq "CODE") {
minus_c;
- eval 'END { &$compilesub() }';
+ eval 'STOP { &$compilesub() }';
} else {
die $compilesub;
}
package, passing it OPTIONS. That function is expected to return
a sub reference which we'll call CALLBACK. Next, the "compile-only"
flag is switched on (equivalent to the command-line option C<-c>)
-and an END block is registered which calls CALLBACK. Thus the main
+and a STOP block is registered which calls CALLBACK. Thus the main
Perl program mentioned on the command-line is read in, parsed and
compiled into internal syntax tree form. Since the C<-c> flag is
set, the program does not start running (excepting BEGIN blocks of
PERLVAR(Icurstname, SV *) /* name of current package */
PERLVAR(Ibeginav, AV *) /* names of BEGIN subroutines */
PERLVAR(Iendav, AV *) /* names of END subroutines */
+PERLVAR(Istopav, AV *) /* names of STOP subroutines */
PERLVAR(Iinitav, AV *) /* names of INIT subroutines */
PERLVAR(Istrtab, HV *) /* shared string table */
PERLVARI(Isub_generation,U32,1) /* incr to invalidate method cache */
#define KEY_LE 15
#define KEY_LT 16
#define KEY_NE 17
-#define KEY_abs 18
-#define KEY_accept 19
-#define KEY_alarm 20
-#define KEY_and 21
-#define KEY_atan2 22
-#define KEY_bind 23
-#define KEY_binmode 24
-#define KEY_bless 25
-#define KEY_caller 26
-#define KEY_chdir 27
-#define KEY_chmod 28
-#define KEY_chomp 29
-#define KEY_chop 30
-#define KEY_chown 31
-#define KEY_chr 32
-#define KEY_chroot 33
-#define KEY_close 34
-#define KEY_closedir 35
-#define KEY_cmp 36
-#define KEY_connect 37
-#define KEY_continue 38
-#define KEY_cos 39
-#define KEY_crypt 40
-#define KEY_dbmclose 41
-#define KEY_dbmopen 42
-#define KEY_defined 43
-#define KEY_delete 44
-#define KEY_die 45
-#define KEY_do 46
-#define KEY_dump 47
-#define KEY_each 48
-#define KEY_else 49
-#define KEY_elsif 50
-#define KEY_endgrent 51
-#define KEY_endhostent 52
-#define KEY_endnetent 53
-#define KEY_endprotoent 54
-#define KEY_endpwent 55
-#define KEY_endservent 56
-#define KEY_eof 57
-#define KEY_eq 58
-#define KEY_eval 59
-#define KEY_exec 60
-#define KEY_exists 61
-#define KEY_exit 62
-#define KEY_exp 63
-#define KEY_fcntl 64
-#define KEY_fileno 65
-#define KEY_flock 66
-#define KEY_for 67
-#define KEY_foreach 68
-#define KEY_fork 69
-#define KEY_format 70
-#define KEY_formline 71
-#define KEY_ge 72
-#define KEY_getc 73
-#define KEY_getgrent 74
-#define KEY_getgrgid 75
-#define KEY_getgrnam 76
-#define KEY_gethostbyaddr 77
-#define KEY_gethostbyname 78
-#define KEY_gethostent 79
-#define KEY_getlogin 80
-#define KEY_getnetbyaddr 81
-#define KEY_getnetbyname 82
-#define KEY_getnetent 83
-#define KEY_getpeername 84
-#define KEY_getpgrp 85
-#define KEY_getppid 86
-#define KEY_getpriority 87
-#define KEY_getprotobyname 88
-#define KEY_getprotobynumber 89
-#define KEY_getprotoent 90
-#define KEY_getpwent 91
-#define KEY_getpwnam 92
-#define KEY_getpwuid 93
-#define KEY_getservbyname 94
-#define KEY_getservbyport 95
-#define KEY_getservent 96
-#define KEY_getsockname 97
-#define KEY_getsockopt 98
-#define KEY_glob 99
-#define KEY_gmtime 100
-#define KEY_goto 101
-#define KEY_grep 102
-#define KEY_gt 103
-#define KEY_hex 104
-#define KEY_if 105
-#define KEY_index 106
-#define KEY_int 107
-#define KEY_ioctl 108
-#define KEY_join 109
-#define KEY_keys 110
-#define KEY_kill 111
-#define KEY_last 112
-#define KEY_lc 113
-#define KEY_lcfirst 114
-#define KEY_le 115
-#define KEY_length 116
-#define KEY_link 117
-#define KEY_listen 118
-#define KEY_local 119
-#define KEY_localtime 120
-#define KEY_lock 121
-#define KEY_log 122
-#define KEY_lstat 123
-#define KEY_lt 124
-#define KEY_m 125
-#define KEY_map 126
-#define KEY_mkdir 127
-#define KEY_msgctl 128
-#define KEY_msgget 129
-#define KEY_msgrcv 130
-#define KEY_msgsnd 131
-#define KEY_my 132
-#define KEY_ne 133
-#define KEY_next 134
-#define KEY_no 135
-#define KEY_not 136
-#define KEY_oct 137
-#define KEY_open 138
-#define KEY_opendir 139
-#define KEY_or 140
-#define KEY_ord 141
-#define KEY_our 142
-#define KEY_pack 143
-#define KEY_package 144
-#define KEY_pipe 145
-#define KEY_pop 146
-#define KEY_pos 147
-#define KEY_print 148
-#define KEY_printf 149
-#define KEY_prototype 150
-#define KEY_push 151
-#define KEY_q 152
-#define KEY_qq 153
-#define KEY_qr 154
-#define KEY_quotemeta 155
-#define KEY_qw 156
-#define KEY_qx 157
-#define KEY_rand 158
-#define KEY_read 159
-#define KEY_readdir 160
-#define KEY_readline 161
-#define KEY_readlink 162
-#define KEY_readpipe 163
-#define KEY_recv 164
-#define KEY_redo 165
-#define KEY_ref 166
-#define KEY_rename 167
-#define KEY_require 168
-#define KEY_reset 169
-#define KEY_return 170
-#define KEY_reverse 171
-#define KEY_rewinddir 172
-#define KEY_rindex 173
-#define KEY_rmdir 174
-#define KEY_s 175
-#define KEY_scalar 176
-#define KEY_seek 177
-#define KEY_seekdir 178
-#define KEY_select 179
-#define KEY_semctl 180
-#define KEY_semget 181
-#define KEY_semop 182
-#define KEY_send 183
-#define KEY_setgrent 184
-#define KEY_sethostent 185
-#define KEY_setnetent 186
-#define KEY_setpgrp 187
-#define KEY_setpriority 188
-#define KEY_setprotoent 189
-#define KEY_setpwent 190
-#define KEY_setservent 191
-#define KEY_setsockopt 192
-#define KEY_shift 193
-#define KEY_shmctl 194
-#define KEY_shmget 195
-#define KEY_shmread 196
-#define KEY_shmwrite 197
-#define KEY_shutdown 198
-#define KEY_sin 199
-#define KEY_sleep 200
-#define KEY_socket 201
-#define KEY_socketpair 202
-#define KEY_sort 203
-#define KEY_splice 204
-#define KEY_split 205
-#define KEY_sprintf 206
-#define KEY_sqrt 207
-#define KEY_srand 208
-#define KEY_stat 209
-#define KEY_study 210
-#define KEY_sub 211
-#define KEY_substr 212
-#define KEY_symlink 213
-#define KEY_syscall 214
-#define KEY_sysopen 215
-#define KEY_sysread 216
-#define KEY_sysseek 217
-#define KEY_system 218
-#define KEY_syswrite 219
-#define KEY_tell 220
-#define KEY_telldir 221
-#define KEY_tie 222
-#define KEY_tied 223
-#define KEY_time 224
-#define KEY_times 225
-#define KEY_tr 226
-#define KEY_truncate 227
-#define KEY_uc 228
-#define KEY_ucfirst 229
-#define KEY_umask 230
-#define KEY_undef 231
-#define KEY_unless 232
-#define KEY_unlink 233
-#define KEY_unpack 234
-#define KEY_unshift 235
-#define KEY_untie 236
-#define KEY_until 237
-#define KEY_use 238
-#define KEY_utime 239
-#define KEY_values 240
-#define KEY_vec 241
-#define KEY_wait 242
-#define KEY_waitpid 243
-#define KEY_wantarray 244
-#define KEY_warn 245
-#define KEY_while 246
-#define KEY_write 247
-#define KEY_x 248
-#define KEY_xor 249
-#define KEY_y 250
+#define KEY_STOP 18
+#define KEY_abs 19
+#define KEY_accept 20
+#define KEY_alarm 21
+#define KEY_and 22
+#define KEY_atan2 23
+#define KEY_bind 24
+#define KEY_binmode 25
+#define KEY_bless 26
+#define KEY_caller 27
+#define KEY_chdir 28
+#define KEY_chmod 29
+#define KEY_chomp 30
+#define KEY_chop 31
+#define KEY_chown 32
+#define KEY_chr 33
+#define KEY_chroot 34
+#define KEY_close 35
+#define KEY_closedir 36
+#define KEY_cmp 37
+#define KEY_connect 38
+#define KEY_continue 39
+#define KEY_cos 40
+#define KEY_crypt 41
+#define KEY_dbmclose 42
+#define KEY_dbmopen 43
+#define KEY_defined 44
+#define KEY_delete 45
+#define KEY_die 46
+#define KEY_do 47
+#define KEY_dump 48
+#define KEY_each 49
+#define KEY_else 50
+#define KEY_elsif 51
+#define KEY_endgrent 52
+#define KEY_endhostent 53
+#define KEY_endnetent 54
+#define KEY_endprotoent 55
+#define KEY_endpwent 56
+#define KEY_endservent 57
+#define KEY_eof 58
+#define KEY_eq 59
+#define KEY_eval 60
+#define KEY_exec 61
+#define KEY_exists 62
+#define KEY_exit 63
+#define KEY_exp 64
+#define KEY_fcntl 65
+#define KEY_fileno 66
+#define KEY_flock 67
+#define KEY_for 68
+#define KEY_foreach 69
+#define KEY_fork 70
+#define KEY_format 71
+#define KEY_formline 72
+#define KEY_ge 73
+#define KEY_getc 74
+#define KEY_getgrent 75
+#define KEY_getgrgid 76
+#define KEY_getgrnam 77
+#define KEY_gethostbyaddr 78
+#define KEY_gethostbyname 79
+#define KEY_gethostent 80
+#define KEY_getlogin 81
+#define KEY_getnetbyaddr 82
+#define KEY_getnetbyname 83
+#define KEY_getnetent 84
+#define KEY_getpeername 85
+#define KEY_getpgrp 86
+#define KEY_getppid 87
+#define KEY_getpriority 88
+#define KEY_getprotobyname 89
+#define KEY_getprotobynumber 90
+#define KEY_getprotoent 91
+#define KEY_getpwent 92
+#define KEY_getpwnam 93
+#define KEY_getpwuid 94
+#define KEY_getservbyname 95
+#define KEY_getservbyport 96
+#define KEY_getservent 97
+#define KEY_getsockname 98
+#define KEY_getsockopt 99
+#define KEY_glob 100
+#define KEY_gmtime 101
+#define KEY_goto 102
+#define KEY_grep 103
+#define KEY_gt 104
+#define KEY_hex 105
+#define KEY_if 106
+#define KEY_index 107
+#define KEY_int 108
+#define KEY_ioctl 109
+#define KEY_join 110
+#define KEY_keys 111
+#define KEY_kill 112
+#define KEY_last 113
+#define KEY_lc 114
+#define KEY_lcfirst 115
+#define KEY_le 116
+#define KEY_length 117
+#define KEY_link 118
+#define KEY_listen 119
+#define KEY_local 120
+#define KEY_localtime 121
+#define KEY_lock 122
+#define KEY_log 123
+#define KEY_lstat 124
+#define KEY_lt 125
+#define KEY_m 126
+#define KEY_map 127
+#define KEY_mkdir 128
+#define KEY_msgctl 129
+#define KEY_msgget 130
+#define KEY_msgrcv 131
+#define KEY_msgsnd 132
+#define KEY_my 133
+#define KEY_ne 134
+#define KEY_next 135
+#define KEY_no 136
+#define KEY_not 137
+#define KEY_oct 138
+#define KEY_open 139
+#define KEY_opendir 140
+#define KEY_or 141
+#define KEY_ord 142
+#define KEY_our 143
+#define KEY_pack 144
+#define KEY_package 145
+#define KEY_pipe 146
+#define KEY_pop 147
+#define KEY_pos 148
+#define KEY_print 149
+#define KEY_printf 150
+#define KEY_prototype 151
+#define KEY_push 152
+#define KEY_q 153
+#define KEY_qq 154
+#define KEY_qr 155
+#define KEY_quotemeta 156
+#define KEY_qw 157
+#define KEY_qx 158
+#define KEY_rand 159
+#define KEY_read 160
+#define KEY_readdir 161
+#define KEY_readline 162
+#define KEY_readlink 163
+#define KEY_readpipe 164
+#define KEY_recv 165
+#define KEY_redo 166
+#define KEY_ref 167
+#define KEY_rename 168
+#define KEY_require 169
+#define KEY_reset 170
+#define KEY_return 171
+#define KEY_reverse 172
+#define KEY_rewinddir 173
+#define KEY_rindex 174
+#define KEY_rmdir 175
+#define KEY_s 176
+#define KEY_scalar 177
+#define KEY_seek 178
+#define KEY_seekdir 179
+#define KEY_select 180
+#define KEY_semctl 181
+#define KEY_semget 182
+#define KEY_semop 183
+#define KEY_send 184
+#define KEY_setgrent 185
+#define KEY_sethostent 186
+#define KEY_setnetent 187
+#define KEY_setpgrp 188
+#define KEY_setpriority 189
+#define KEY_setprotoent 190
+#define KEY_setpwent 191
+#define KEY_setservent 192
+#define KEY_setsockopt 193
+#define KEY_shift 194
+#define KEY_shmctl 195
+#define KEY_shmget 196
+#define KEY_shmread 197
+#define KEY_shmwrite 198
+#define KEY_shutdown 199
+#define KEY_sin 200
+#define KEY_sleep 201
+#define KEY_socket 202
+#define KEY_socketpair 203
+#define KEY_sort 204
+#define KEY_splice 205
+#define KEY_split 206
+#define KEY_sprintf 207
+#define KEY_sqrt 208
+#define KEY_srand 209
+#define KEY_stat 210
+#define KEY_study 211
+#define KEY_sub 212
+#define KEY_substr 213
+#define KEY_symlink 214
+#define KEY_syscall 215
+#define KEY_sysopen 216
+#define KEY_sysread 217
+#define KEY_sysseek 218
+#define KEY_system 219
+#define KEY_syswrite 220
+#define KEY_tell 221
+#define KEY_telldir 222
+#define KEY_tie 223
+#define KEY_tied 224
+#define KEY_time 225
+#define KEY_times 226
+#define KEY_tr 227
+#define KEY_truncate 228
+#define KEY_uc 229
+#define KEY_ucfirst 230
+#define KEY_umask 231
+#define KEY_undef 232
+#define KEY_unless 233
+#define KEY_unlink 234
+#define KEY_unpack 235
+#define KEY_unshift 236
+#define KEY_untie 237
+#define KEY_until 238
+#define KEY_use 239
+#define KEY_utime 240
+#define KEY_values 241
+#define KEY_vec 242
+#define KEY_wait 243
+#define KEY_waitpid 244
+#define KEY_wantarray 245
+#define KEY_warn 246
+#define KEY_while 247
+#define KEY_write 248
+#define KEY_x 249
+#define KEY_xor 250
+#define KEY_y 251
LE
LT
NE
+STOP
abs
accept
alarm
#define PL_stderrgv (*Perl_Istderrgv_ptr(aTHXo))
#undef PL_stdingv
#define PL_stdingv (*Perl_Istdingv_ptr(aTHXo))
+#undef PL_stopav
+#define PL_stopav (*Perl_Istopav_ptr(aTHXo))
#undef PL_strtab
#define PL_strtab (*Perl_Istrtab_ptr(aTHXo))
#undef PL_strtab_mutex
av_store(PL_endav, 0, (SV *)cv);
GvCV(gv) = 0;
}
+ else if (strEQ(s, "STOP") && !PL_error_count) {
+ if (!PL_stopav)
+ PL_stopav = newAV();
+ av_unshift(PL_stopav, 1);
+ av_store(PL_stopav, 0, (SV *)cv);
+ GvCV(gv) = 0;
+ }
else if (strEQ(s, "INIT") && !PL_error_count) {
if (!PL_initav)
PL_initav = newAV();
av_store(PL_endav, 0, (SV *)cv);
GvCV(gv) = 0;
}
+ else if (strEQ(s, "STOP")) {
+ if (!PL_stopav)
+ PL_stopav = newAV();
+ av_unshift(PL_stopav, 1);
+ av_store(PL_stopav, 0, (SV *)cv);
+ GvCV(gv) = 0;
+ }
else if (strEQ(s, "INIT")) {
if (!PL_initav)
PL_initav = newAV();
/* startup and shutdown function lists */
SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
+ SvREFCNT_dec(PL_stopav);
SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
PL_beginav = Nullav;
PL_endav = Nullav;
+ PL_stopav = Nullav;
PL_initav = Nullav;
/* shortcuts just get cleared */
env, xsinit);
switch (ret) {
case 0:
+ if (PL_stopav)
+ call_list(oldscope, PL_stopav);
return 0;
case 1:
STATUS_ALL_FAILURE;
LEAVE;
FREETMPS;
PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
- if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
- call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
+ if (PL_stopav)
+ call_list(oldscope, PL_stopav);
return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
case 3:
PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
if (paramList == PL_beginav)
sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
else
- sv_catpv(atsv, "END failed--cleanup aborted");
+ Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
+ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
+ paramList == PL_stopav ? "STOP"
+ : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
+ : "END");
while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
LEAVE;
Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX(atsv));
LEAVE;
FREETMPS;
PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
- if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
- call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
PL_curcop->cop_line = oldline;
if (PL_statusvalue) {
if (paramList == PL_beginav)
Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
else
- Perl_croak(aTHX_ "END failed--cleanup aborted");
+ Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
+ paramList == PL_stopav ? "STOP"
+ : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
+ : "END");
}
my_exit_jump();
/* NOTREACHED */
=over 4
+=item STOP is a new keyword
+
+In addition to C<BEGIN>, C<INIT> and C<END>, subroutines named
+C<STOP> are now special. They are queued up for execution at the
+end of compilation, and cannot be called directly.
+
=item Treatment of list slices of undef has changed
When taking a slice of a literal list (as opposed to a slice of
enables perl code to determine whether actions that make sense
only during normal running are warranted. See L<perlvar>.
+=head2 STOP blocks
+
+Arbitrary code can be queued for execution when Perl has finished
+parsing the program (i.e. when the compile phase ends) using STOP
+blocks. These behave similar to END blocks, except for being
+called at the end of compilation rather than at the end of execution.
+
=head2 Optional Y2K warnings
If Perl is built with the cpp macro C<PERL_Y2KWARN> defined,
behavior, END blocks are not executed anymore when the C<-c> switch
is used.
-Note that something resembling the previous behavior can still be
-obtained by putting C<BEGIN { $^C = 0; exit; }> at the very end of
-the top level source file.
+See L<STOP blocks> for how to run things when the compile phase ends.
=head2 Potential to leak DATA filehandles
named "elseif" for the class returned by the following block. This is
unlikely to be what you want.
-=item END failed--cleanup aborted
+=item %s failed--call queue aborted
-(F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing an END subroutine.
-The interpreter is immediately exited.
+(F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a STOP, INIT, or
+END subroutine. Processing of the remainder of the queue of such
+routines has been prematurely ended.
=item entering effective %s failed
array, returns the undefined value. If ARRAY is omitted, shifts the
C<@_> array within the lexical scope of subroutines and formats, and the
C<@ARGV> array at file scopes or within the lexical scopes established by
-the C<eval ''>, C<BEGIN {}>, C<END {}>, and C<INIT {}> constructs.
+the C<eval ''>, C<BEGIN {}>, C<INIT {}>, C<STOP {}>, and C<END {}>
+constructs.
+
See also C<unshift>, C<push>, and C<pop>. C<Shift()> and C<unshift> do the
same thing to the left end of an array that C<pop> and C<push> do to the
right end.
=head2 Package Constructors and Destructors
Three special subroutines act as package
-constructors and destructors. These are the C<BEGIN>, C<INIT>, and
-C<END> routines. The C<sub> is optional for these routines.
+constructors and destructors. These are the C<BEGIN>, C<STOP>, C<INIT>,
+and C<END> routines. The C<sub> is optional for these routines.
A C<BEGIN> subroutine is executed as soon as possible, that is, the moment
it is completely defined, even before the rest of the containing file
has run, it is immediately undefined and any code it used is returned to
Perl's memory pool. This means you can't ever explicitly call a C<BEGIN>.
-Similar to C<BEGIN> blocks, C<INIT> blocks are run just before the
-Perl runtime begins execution. For example, the code generators
-documented in L<perlcc> make use of C<INIT> blocks to initialize
-and resolve pointers to XSUBs.
-
-An C<END> subroutine is executed as late as possible, that is, when
-the interpreter is being exited, even if it is exiting as a result of
-a die() function. (But not if it's polymorphing into another program
-via C<exec>, or being blown out of the water by a signal--you have to
-trap that yourself (if you can).) You may have multiple C<END> blocks
-within a file--they will execute in reverse order of definition; that is:
-last in, first out (LIFO).
+An C<END> subroutine is executed as late as possible, that is, after
+perl has finished running the program and just before the interpreter
+is being exited, even if it is exiting as a result of a die() function.
+(But not if it's polymorphing into another program via C<exec>, or
+being blown out of the water by a signal--you have to trap that yourself
+(if you can).) You may have multiple C<END> blocks within a file--they
+will execute in reverse order of definition; that is: last in, first
+out (LIFO). C<END> blocks are not executed when you run perl with the
+C<-c> switch.
Inside an C<END> subroutine, C<$?> contains the value that the program is
going to pass to C<exit()>. You can modify C<$?> to change the exit
value of the program. Beware of changing C<$?> by accident (e.g. by
running something via C<system>).
+Similar to C<BEGIN> blocks, C<INIT> blocks are run just before the
+Perl runtime begins execution, in "first in, first out" (FIFO) order.
+For example, the code generators documented in L<perlcc> make use of
+C<INIT> blocks to initialize and resolve pointers to XSUBs.
+
+Similar to C<END> blocks, C<STOP> blocks are run just after the
+Perl compile phase ends and before the run time begins, in
+LIFO order. C<STOP> blocks are again useful in the Perl compiler
+suite to save the compiled state of the program.
+
When you use the B<-n> and B<-p> switches to Perl, C<BEGIN> and
C<END> work just as they do in B<awk>, as a degenerate case. As currently
implemented (and subject to change, since its inconvenient at best),
=item B<-c>
causes Perl to check the syntax of the program and then exit without
-executing it. Actually, it I<will> execute C<BEGIN>, C<END>, and C<use> blocks,
-because these are considered as occurring outside the execution of
-your program. C<INIT> blocks, however, will be skipped.
+executing it. Actually, it I<will> execute C<BEGIN>, C<STOP>, and
+C<use> blocks, because these are considered as occurring outside the
+execution of your program. C<INIT> and C<END> blocks, however, will
+be skipped.
=item B<-d>
function in all capitals is a loosely-held convention meaning it
will be called indirectly by the run-time system itself, usually
due to a triggered event. Functions that do special, pre-defined
-things include C<BEGIN>, C<END>, C<AUTOLOAD>, and C<DESTROY>--plus
-all functions mentioned in L<perltie>. The 5.005 release adds
-C<INIT> to this list.
+things include C<BEGIN>, C<STOP>, C<INIT>, C<END>, C<AUTOLOAD>, and
+C<DESTROY>--plus all functions mentioned in L<perltie>.
=head2 Private Variables via my()
}
See L<perlmod/"Package Constructors and Destructors"> about the
-special triggered functions, C<BEGIN> and C<INIT>.
+special triggered functions, C<BEGIN>, C<STOP>, C<INIT> and C<END>.
If declared at the outermost scope (the file scope), then lexicals
work somewhat like C's file statics. They are available to all
=head2 END blocks
-END blocks need saving in compiled output.
+END blocks need saving in compiled output, now that STOP blocks
+are available.
=head2 _AUTOLOAD
case KEY_DESTROY:
case KEY_BEGIN:
case KEY_END:
+ case KEY_STOP:
case KEY_INIT:
if (PL_expect == XSTATE) {
s = PL_bufptr;
break;
}
break;
+ case 'S':
+ if (strEQ(d,"STOP")) return KEY_STOP;
+ break;
case 's':
switch (d[1]) {
case 0: return KEY_s;
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