L<"Frequently asked questions">), and perl should be able to find it
(see L<"PERL_SH_DIR">).
-The only cases when the shell is not used is the multi-argument
-system() (see L<perlfunc/system>)/exec() (see L<perlfunc/exec>), and
-one-argument version thereof without redirection and shell
-meta-characters. Perl may also start scripts which start with cookies
-C<extproc> or C<#!> directly, without an intervention of shell.
+The cases when the shell is used are:
+
+=over
+
+=item 1
+
+One-argument system() (see L<perlfunc/system>), exec() (see L<perlfunc/exec>)
+with redirection or shell meta-characters;
+
+=item 2
+
+Pipe-open (see L<perlfunc/open>) with the command which contains redirection
+or shell meta-characters;
+
+=item 3
+
+Backticks C<``> (see L<perlop/"I/O Operators">) with the command which contains
+redirection or shell meta-characters;
+
+=item 4
+
+If the executable called by system()/exec()/pipe-open()/C<``> is a script
+with the "magic" C<#!> line or C<extproc> line which specifies shell;
+
+=item 5
+
+If the executable called by system()/exec()/pipe-open()/C<``> is a script
+without "magic" line, and C<$ENV{EXECSHELL}> is set to shell;
+
+=item 6
+
+If the executable called by system()/exec()/pipe-open()/C<``> is not
+found;
+
+=item 7
+
+For globbing (see L<perlfunc/glob>, L<perlop/"I/O Operators">).
+
+=back
+
+For the sake of speed for a common case, in the above algorithms
+backslashes in the command name are not considered as shell metacharacters.
+
+Perl starts scripts which begin with cookies
+C<extproc> or C<#!> directly, without an intervention of shell. Perl uses the
+same algorithm to find the executable as F<pdksh>: if the path
+on C<#!> line does not work, and contains C</>, then the executable
+is searched in F<.> and on C<PATH>. To find arguments for these scripts
+Perl uses a different algorithm than F<pdksh>: up to 3 arguments are
+recognized, and trailing whitespace is stripped.
+
+If a script
+does not contain such a cooky, then to avoid calling F<sh.exe>, Perl uses
+the same algorithm as F<pdksh>: if C<$ENV{EXECSHELL}> is set, the
+script is given as the first argument to this command, if not set, then
+C<$ENV{COMSPEC} /c> is used (or a hardwired guess if C<$ENV{COMSPEC}> is
+not set).
If starting scripts directly, Perl will use exactly the same algorithm as for
the search of script given by B<-S> command-line option: it will look in
). You need the latest version of F<pdksh> installed as F<sh.exe>.
+Check that you have B<BSD> libraries and headers installed, and -
+optionally - Berkeley DB headers and libraries, and crypt.
+
Possible locations to get this from are
ftp://hobbes.nmsu.edu/os2/unix/
ftp://ftp.math.ohio-state.edu/pub/users/ilya/os2/db_mt.zip
+To make C<-p> filetest work, one may also need to apply the following patch
+to EMX headers:
+
+ --- /emx/include/sys/stat.h.orig Thu May 23 13:48:16 1996
+ +++ /emx/include/sys/stat.h Sun Jul 12 14:11:32 1998
+ @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ struct stat
+ #endif
+
+ #if !defined (S_IFMT)
+ -#define S_IFMT 0160000 /* Mask for file type */
+ +#define S_IFMT 0170000 /* Mask for file type */
+ #define S_IFIFO 0010000 /* Pipe */
+ #define S_IFCHR 0020000 /* Character device */
+ #define S_IFDIR 0040000 /* Directory */
+
+
=head2 Hand-editing
You may look into the file F<./hints/os2.sh> and correct anything
=head2 Testing
-If you haven't yet moved perl.dll onto LIBPATH, do it now(alternatively, if
+If you haven't yet moved perl.dll onto LIBPATH, do it now (alternatively, if
you have a previous perl installation you'd rather not disrupt until this one
is installed, copy perl.dll to the t directory).
make test
Some tests (4..6) should fail. Some perl invocations should end in a
-segfault (system error C<SYS3175>). To get finer error reports,
+segfault (system error C<SYS3175>). To get finer error reports, call
- cd t
- perl harness
+ perl t/harness
The report you get may look like
op/stat.t 56 5 8.93% 3-4, 20, 35, 39
Failed 4/140 test scripts, 97.14% okay. 27/2937 subtests failed, 99.08% okay.
-Note that using `make test' target two more tests may fail: C<op/exec:1>
+Note that using C<make test> target two more tests may fail: C<op/exec:1>
because of (mis)feature of pdksh, and C<lib/posix:15>, which checks
that the buffers are not flushed on C<_exit> (this is a bug in the test
which assumes that tty output is buffered).
=over 4
-=item A lot of `bad free'
+=item A lot of C<bad free>
in databases related to Berkeley DB. This is a confirmed bug of
DB. You may disable this warnings, see L<"PERL_BADFREE">.
=back
-A lot of `bad free'... in databases, bug in DB confirmed on other
+A lot of C<bad free>... in databases, bug in DB confirmed on other
platforms. You may disable it by setting PERL_BADFREE environment variable
to 1.
You do not have MT-safe F<db.lib>. See L<Prerequisites>.
-=head2 Problems with tr
+=head2 Problems with tr or sed
-reported with very old version of tr.
+reported with very old version of tr and sed.
=head2 Some problem (forget which ;-)
=head2 Additional modules:
-L<OS2::Process>, L<OS2::REXX>, L<OS2::PrfDB>, L<OS2::ExtAttr>. This
-modules provide access to additional numeric argument for C<system>,
+L<OS2::Process>, L<OS2::REXX>, L<OS2::PrfDB>, L<OS2::ExtAttr>. These
+modules provide access to additional numeric argument for C<system>
+and to the list of the running processes,
to DLLs having functions with REXX signature and to REXX runtime, to
OS/2 databases in the F<.INI> format, and to Extended Attributes.
=head2 Threading
As of release 5.003_01 perl is linked to multithreaded CRT
-DLL. Perl itself is not multithread-safe, as is not perl
+DLL. If perl itself is not compiled multithread-enabled, so will not be perl
malloc(). However, extensions may use multiple thread on their own
risk.
whatever is the override, see L<"PERL_SH_DIR">.
Thus means that you need to get some copy of a F<sh.exe> as well (I
-use one from pdksh). The drive F: above is set up automatically during
+use one from pdksh). The drive F<F:> above is set up automatically during
the build to a correct value on the builder machine, but is
overridable at runtime,
I will include it into distribution. I have no need for such a module, so
cannot test it.
+For the details of the current situation with calling external programs,
+see L<Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl>.
+
+=over
+
+=item
+
+External scripts may be called by name. Perl will try the same extensions
+as when processing B<-S> command-line switch.
+
+=back
+
=head2 Memory allocation
Perl uses its own malloc() under OS/2 - interpreters are usually malloc-bound
/*****************************************************************************/
/* spawn */
-typedef void (*Sigfunc) _((int));
+
+/* There is no big sense to make it thread-specific, since signals
+ are delivered to thread 1 only. XXXX Maybe make it into an array? */
+static int spawn_pid;
+static int spawn_killed;
+
+static Signal_t
+spawn_sighandler(int sig)
+{
+ /* Some programs do not arrange for the keyboard signals to be
+ delivered to them. We need to deliver the signal manually. */
+ /* We may get a signal only if
+ a) kid does not receive keyboard signal: deliver it;
+ b) kid already died, and we get a signal. We may only hope
+ that the pid number was not reused.
+ */
+
+ if (spawn_killed)
+ sig = SIGKILL; /* Try harder. */
+ kill(spawn_pid, sig);
+ spawn_killed = 1;
+}
static int
result(int flag, int pid)
return pid;
#ifdef __EMX__
- ihand = rsignal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
- qhand = rsignal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
+ spawn_pid = pid;
+ spawn_killed = 0;
+ ihand = rsignal(SIGINT, &spawn_sighandler);
+ qhand = rsignal(SIGQUIT, &spawn_sighandler);
do {
r = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
} while (r == -1 && errno == EINTR);
/* global Argv[] contains arguments. */
int
-do_spawn_ve(really, flag, execf)
+do_spawn_ve(really, flag, execf, inicmd)
SV *really;
U32 flag;
U32 execf;
+char *inicmd;
{
dTHR;
int trueflag = flag;
- int rc, secondtry = 0, err;
+ int rc, pass = 1, err;
char *tmps;
char buf[256], *s = 0;
char *args[4];
if (Argv[0][0] != '/' && Argv[0][0] != '\\'
&& !(Argv[0][0] && Argv[0][1] == ':'
&& (Argv[0][2] == '/' || Argv[0][2] != '\\'))
- ) /* will swawnvp use PATH? */
+ ) /* will spawnvp use PATH? */
TAINT_ENV(); /* testing IFS here is overkill, probably */
/* We should check PERL_SH* and PERLLIB_* as well? */
if (!really || !*(tmps = SvPV(really, na)))
rc = result(trueflag,
spawnvp(trueflag | P_NOWAIT,tmps,Argv));
#endif
- if (rc < 0 && secondtry == 0
+ if (rc < 0 && pass == 1
&& (tmps == Argv[0])) { /* Cannot transfer `really' via shell. */
err = errno;
- if (err == ENOENT) { /* No such file. */
- /* One reason may be that EMX added .exe. We suppose
- that .exe-less files are automatically shellable.
- It might have also been .cmd file without
- extension. */
- char *no_dir;
- (no_dir = strrchr(Argv[0], '/'))
- || (no_dir = strrchr(Argv[0], '\\'))
- || (no_dir = Argv[0]);
- if (!strchr(no_dir, '.')) {
- struct stat buffer;
- if (stat(Argv[0], &buffer) != -1) { /* File exists. */
- /* Maybe we need to specify the full name here? */
- goto doshell;
- } else {
- /* Try adding script extensions to the file name */
- char *scr;
- if ((scr = find_script(Argv[0], TRUE, NULL, 0))) {
- FILE *file = fopen(scr, "r");
- char *s = 0, *s1;
-
- Argv[0] = scr;
- if (!file)
- goto panic_file;
- if (!fgets(buf, sizeof buf, file)) {
- fclose(file);
- goto panic_file;
- }
- if (fclose(file) != 0) { /* Failure */
- panic_file:
- warn("Error reading \"%s\": %s",
- scr, Strerror(errno));
- goto doshell;
- }
- if (buf[0] == '#') {
- if (buf[1] == '!')
- s = buf + 2;
- } else if (buf[0] == 'e') {
- if (strnEQ(buf, "extproc", 7)
- && isSPACE(buf[7]))
- s = buf + 8;
- } else if (buf[0] == 'E') {
- if (strnEQ(buf, "EXTPROC", 7)
- && isSPACE(buf[7]))
- s = buf + 8;
- }
- if (!s)
- goto doshell;
- s1 = s;
- nargs = 0;
- argsp = args;
- while (1) {
- while (isSPACE(*s))
- s++;
- if (*s == 0)
- break;
- if (nargs == 4) {
- nargs = -1;
- break;
+ if (err == ENOENT || err == ENOEXEC) {
+ /* No such file, or is a script. */
+ /* Try adding script extensions to the file name, and
+ search on PATH. */
+ char *scr = find_script(Argv[0], TRUE, NULL, 0);
+
+ if (scr) {
+ FILE *file = fopen(scr, "r");
+ char *s = 0, *s1;
+
+ Argv[0] = scr;
+ if (!file)
+ goto panic_file;
+ if (!fgets(buf, sizeof buf, file)) {
+ fclose(file);
+ goto panic_file;
+ }
+ if (fclose(file) != 0) { /* Failure */
+ panic_file:
+ warn("Error reading \"%s\": %s",
+ scr, Strerror(errno));
+ buf[0] = 0; /* Not #! */
+ goto doshell_args;
+ }
+ if (buf[0] == '#') {
+ if (buf[1] == '!')
+ s = buf + 2;
+ } else if (buf[0] == 'e') {
+ if (strnEQ(buf, "extproc", 7)
+ && isSPACE(buf[7]))
+ s = buf + 8;
+ } else if (buf[0] == 'E') {
+ if (strnEQ(buf, "EXTPROC", 7)
+ && isSPACE(buf[7]))
+ s = buf + 8;
+ }
+ if (!s) {
+ buf[0] = 0; /* Not #! */
+ goto doshell_args;
+ }
+
+ s1 = s;
+ nargs = 0;
+ argsp = args;
+ while (1) {
+ /* Do better than pdksh: allow a few args,
+ strip trailing whitespace. */
+ while (isSPACE(*s))
+ s++;
+ if (*s == 0)
+ break;
+ if (nargs == 4) {
+ nargs = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+ args[nargs++] = s;
+ while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
+ s++;
+ if (*s == 0)
+ break;
+ *s++ = 0;
+ }
+ if (nargs == -1) {
+ warn("Too many args on %.*s line of \"%s\"",
+ s1 - buf, buf, scr);
+ nargs = 4;
+ argsp = fargs;
+ }
+ doshell_args:
+ {
+ char **a = Argv;
+ char *exec_args[2];
+
+ if (!buf[0] && file) { /* File without magic */
+ /* In fact we tried all what pdksh would
+ try. There is no point in calling
+ pdksh, we may just emulate its logic. */
+ char *shell = getenv("EXECSHELL");
+ char *shell_opt = NULL;
+
+ if (!shell) {
+ char *s;
+
+ shell_opt = "/c";
+ shell = getenv("OS2_SHELL");
+ if (inicmd) { /* No spaces at start! */
+ s = inicmd;
+ while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) {
+ if (*s++ = '/') {
+ inicmd = NULL; /* Cannot use */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if (!inicmd) {
+ s = Argv[0];
+ while (*s) {
+ /* Dosish shells will choke on slashes
+ in paths, fortunately, this is
+ important for zeroth arg only. */
+ if (*s == '/')
+ *s = '\\';
+ s++;
+ }
}
- args[nargs++] = s;
- while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
- s++;
- if (*s == 0)
- break;
- *s++ = 0;
}
- if (nargs == -1) {
- warn("Too many args on %.*s line of \"%s\"",
- s1 - buf, buf, scr);
- nargs = 4;
- argsp = fargs;
+ /* If EXECSHELL is set, we do not set */
+
+ if (!shell)
+ shell = ((_emx_env & 0x200)
+ ? "c:/os2/cmd.exe"
+ : "c:/command.com");
+ nargs = shell_opt ? 2 : 1; /* shell file args */
+ exec_args[0] = shell;
+ exec_args[1] = shell_opt;
+ argsp = exec_args;
+ if (nargs == 2 && inicmd) {
+ /* Use the original cmd line */
+ /* XXXX This is good only until we refuse
+ quoted arguments... */
+ Argv[0] = inicmd;
+ Argv[1] = Nullch;
}
- goto doshell;
+ } else if (!buf[0] && inicmd) { /* No file */
+ /* Start with the original cmdline. */
+ /* XXXX This is good only until we refuse
+ quoted arguments... */
+
+ Argv[0] = inicmd;
+ Argv[1] = Nullch;
+ nargs = 2; /* shell -c */
+ }
+
+ while (a[1]) /* Get to the end */
+ a++;
+ a++; /* Copy finil NULL too */
+ while (a >= Argv) {
+ *(a + nargs) = *a; /* Argv was preallocated to be
+ long enough. */
+ a--;
}
+ while (nargs-- >= 0)
+ Argv[nargs] = argsp[nargs];
+ /* Enable pathless exec if #! (as pdksh). */
+ pass = (buf[0] == '#' ? 2 : 3);
+ goto retry;
}
}
- /* Restore errno */
+ /* Not found: restore errno */
errno = err;
- } else if (err == ENOEXEC) { /* Need to send to shell. */
- doshell:
- {
- char **a = Argv;
-
- while (a[1]) /* Get to the end */
- a++;
- while (a >= Argv) {
- *(a + nargs) = *a; /* Argv was preallocated to be
- long enough. */
- a--;
- }
- while (nargs-- >= 0)
- Argv[nargs] = argsp[nargs];
- secondtry = 1;
+ }
+ } else if (rc < 0 && pass == 2 && err == ENOENT) { /* File not found */
+ char *no_dir = strrchr(Argv[0], '/');
+
+ /* Do as pdksh port does: if not found with /, try without
+ path. */
+ if (no_dir) {
+ Argv[0] = no_dir + 1;
+ pass++;
goto retry;
- }
}
}
if (rc < 0 && dowarn)
return rc;
}
+/* Array spawn. */
int
do_aspawn(really,mark,sp)
SV *really;
}
*a = Nullch;
- rc = do_spawn_ve(really, flag, EXECF_SPAWN);
+ rc = do_spawn_ve(really, flag, EXECF_SPAWN, NULL);
} else
rc = -1;
do_execfree();
register char *s;
char flags[10];
char *shell, *copt, *news = NULL;
- int rc, added_shell = 0, err, seenspace = 0;
+ int rc, err, seenspace = 0;
char fullcmd[MAXNAMLEN + 1];
#ifdef TRYSHELL
strcpy(news, sh_path);
strcpy(news + l, cmd + 7);
cmd = news;
- added_shell = 1;
}
/* save an extra exec if possible */
should be smart enough to start itself gloriously. */
doshell:
if (execf == EXECF_TRUEEXEC)
- return execl(shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);
+ rc = execl(shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);
else if (execf == EXECF_EXEC)
- return spawnl(P_OVERLAY,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);
+ rc = spawnl(P_OVERLAY,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);
else if (execf == EXECF_SPAWN_NOWAIT)
- return spawnl(P_NOWAIT,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);
- /* In the ak code internal P_NOWAIT is P_WAIT ??? */
- rc = result(P_WAIT,
- spawnl(P_NOWAIT,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0));
- if (rc < 0 && dowarn)
- warn("Can't %s \"%s\": %s",
- (execf == EXECF_SPAWN ? "spawn" : "exec"),
- shell, Strerror(errno));
- if (rc < 0) rc = 255 << 8; /* Emulate the fork(). */
- if (news) Safefree(news);
+ rc = spawnl(P_NOWAIT,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0);
+ else {
+ /* In the ak code internal P_NOWAIT is P_WAIT ??? */
+ rc = result(P_WAIT,
+ spawnl(P_NOWAIT,shell,shell,copt,cmd,(char*)0));
+ if (rc < 0 && dowarn)
+ warn("Can't %s \"%s\": %s",
+ (execf == EXECF_SPAWN ? "spawn" : "exec"),
+ shell, Strerror(errno));
+ if (rc < 0) rc = 255 << 8; /* Emulate the fork(). */
+ }
+ if (news)
+ Safefree(news);
return rc;
} else if (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') {
seenspace = 1;
}
*a = Nullch;
if (Argv[0])
- rc = do_spawn_ve(NULL, 0, execf);
+ rc = do_spawn_ve(NULL, 0, execf, cmd);
else
rc = -1;
- if (news) Safefree(news);
+ if (news)
+ Safefree(news);
do_execfree();
return rc;
}
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / commitdiff