X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=dd01b90b77463c94dbf94adf7107900f630e4546;hb=002b9267a385cf8ff0e7534241cdf3798da8636c;hp=cc9fd78743958a4a46e3b6b3aa596e299791fda3;hpb=95fb7f7fef8654f7d8d5bf5bcba3bc574ef79ade;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index cc9fd78..dd01b90 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -1,4 +1,8 @@ +# !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!! +# This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods. +# Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes. + =head1 NAME perltoc - perl documentation table of contents @@ -103,274 +107,270 @@ Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features =back -=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2002/03/11 -21:32:23 $) +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? -=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. +=item The Solution -=item L: General Questions About Perl +=item Syntax -=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl +=over 4 -=item L: Programming Tools +=item Making References -=item L: Data Manipulation +=item Using References -=item L: Files and Formats +=item An Example -=item L: Regular Expressions +=item Arrow Rule -=item L: General Perl Language Issues +=back -=item L: System Interaction +=item Solution -=item L: Networking +=item The Rest -=back +=item Summary -=item About the perlfaq documents +=item Credits =over 4 -=item Where to get the perlfaq - -=item How to contribute to the perlfaq - -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=item Distribution Conditions =back -=item Credits +=back -=item Author and Copyright Information +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook =over 4 -=item Bundled Distributions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Disclaimer +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs -=back +=item REFERENCES -=item Changes +=item COMMON MISTAKES -1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, -24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, -Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE -=back +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=item DEBUGGING -=over 4 +=item CODE EXAMPLES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=back -=item Declarations +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS -=item Simple statements +=over 4 -=item Compound statements +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Loop Control +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item For Loops +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Foreach Loops +=back -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=item Goto +=over 4 -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=back +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES =back -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=item HASHES OF HASHES =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES -=over 4 +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Variable names +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Context +=back -=item Scalar values +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Scalar value constructors +=over 4 -=item List value constructors +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Slices +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS =back +=item Database Ties + =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays -=item The Arrow Operator +=item Growing Your Own -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item Access and Printing -=item Exponentiation +=item Slices -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=back -=item Binding Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Multiplicative Operators +=item AUTHOR -=item Additive Operators +=back -=item Shift Operators +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=item Named Unary Operators +=over 4 -=item Relational Operators +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Equality Operators +=item The Guide -=item Bitwise And +=over 4 -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=item Simple word matching -=item C-style Logical And +=item Using character classes -=item C-style Logical Or +=item Matching this or that -=item Range Operators +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item Conditional Operator +=item Extracting matches -=item Assignment Operators +=item Matching repetitions -=item Comma Operator +=item More matching -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=item Search and replace -=item Logical Not +=item The split operator -=item Logical And +=back -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=item BUGS -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +=item SEE ALSO -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=over 4 -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=item Acknowledgments -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, -C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, -C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial -=item I/O Operators +=over 4 -=item Constant Folding +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Bitwise String Operators +=item Part 1: The basics -=item Integer Arithmetic +=over 4 -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +=item Simple word matching -=item Bigger Numbers +=item Using character classes -=back +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item Building a regexp + +=item Using regular expressions in Perl =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=item Part 2: Power tools =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions -=over 4 +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression -=item Private Variables via my() +=item Non-capturing groupings -=item Persistent Private Variables +=item Looking ahead and looking behind -=item Temporary Values via local() +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Conditional expressions -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression -=item When to Still Use local() +=item Pragmas and debugging -=item Pass by Reference +=back -=item Prototypes +=item BUGS -=item Constant Functions +=item SEE ALSO -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Autoloading +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Attributes +=item Acknowledgments =back -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial =over 4 @@ -378,354 +378,243 @@ regular expressions =over 4 -=item Perl Functions by Category +=item If we could talk to the animals... -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow -=item Portability - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Invoking a barnyard -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr -NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir -DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, -defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, -dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval -BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, -fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock -FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, -getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority -WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname -NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname -NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, -getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, -gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, -sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent -STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, -endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, -glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep -EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index -STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join -EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, -lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen -SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log, -lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, -mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv -ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, -next LABEL, next, no Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module -LIST, no Module, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open -FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord -EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package -NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos -SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE -FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, -q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, -quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, -readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, -ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, -require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir -DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, -rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir -DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, -semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, -sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, -splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, -sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, -study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr -EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +=item The extra parameter of method invocation -=back +=item Calling a second method to simplify things -=back +=item Inheriting the windpipes -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=item A few notes about @ISA -=over 4 +=item Overriding the methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Starting the search from a different place -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=item The SUPER way of doing things -=item The Solution +=item Where we're at so far... -=item Syntax +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? -=over 4 +=item Invoking an instance method -=item Making References +=item Accessing the instance data -=item Using References +=item How to build a horse -=back +=item Inheriting the constructor -=item An Example +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances -=item Arrow Rule +=item Adding parameters to a method -=item Solution +=item More interesting instances -=item The Rest +=item A horse of a different color =item Summary -=item Credits - -=over 4 +=back -=item Distribution Conditions +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +=item Creating a Class -=item REFERENCES +=over 4 -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=item Object Representation -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +=item Class Interface -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C +=item Constructors and Instance Methods -=item DEBUGGING +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Destructors -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +=item Other Object Methods + +=back + +=item Class Data =over 4 -=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Accessing Class Data -=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Debugging Methods -=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Class Destructors + +=item Documenting the Interface =back -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS +=item Aggregation + +=item Inheritance =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Overridden Methods -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Multiple Inheritance -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects =back -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item Alternate Object Representations =over 4 -=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES - -=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Arrays as Objects -=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Closures as Objects =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Autoloaded Data Methods -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods =back -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item Metaclassical Tools =over 4 -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Class::Struct -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Data Members as Variables =back -=item Database Ties +=item NOTES -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Object Terminology =back -=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start - -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item The Guide +=item COPYRIGHT =over 4 -=item Simple word matching - -=item Using character classes +=item Acknowledgments -=item Matching this or that +=back -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=back -=item Extracting matches +=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl -=item Matching repetitions +=over 4 -=item More matching +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Search and replace +=item Class Data in a Can -=item The split operator +=item Class Data as Package Variables -=back +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket -=item SEE ALSO +=item Inheritance Concerns -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object -=over 4 +=item Indirect References to Class Data -=item Acknowledgments +=item Monadic Classes -=back +=item Translucent Attributes =back -=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables =over 4 -=item Ordinary Paragraph - -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item Privacy and Responsibility -=item Command Paragraph +=item File-Scoped Lexicals -C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item -I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end -I>, C<=for I I> +=item More Inheritance Concerns -=item Formatting Codes +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used -for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, -Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null -(zero-effect) formatting code +=item Translucency Revisited -=item The Intent +=back -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item NOTES -=item Hints for Writing Pod +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and -notes +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Pod Definitions +=item OO SCALING TIPS -=item Pod Commands +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES -"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", -"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..." +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Pod Formatting Codes +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for -filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a -null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text -contains non-breaking spaces +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS -=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS -=item About LE...E Codes +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM -First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE -=item About =over...=back Regions +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT -=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item DELEGATION -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -737,7 +626,7 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =back -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary +=head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet =over 4 @@ -745,17 +634,37 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =over 4 -=item Awk Traps +=item The sheet -=item C Traps +=back -=item Sed Traps +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item Shell Traps +=item AUTHOR -=item Perl Traps +=item SEE ALSO -=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps +=back + +=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Awk Traps + +=item C/C++ Traps + +=item Sed Traps + +=item Shell Traps + +=item Perl Traps + +=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, @@ -764,54 +673,84 @@ Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps -Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, -Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, -Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance +Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid +package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to C are now +in scalar context, Can't do C into a block that is optimized away, +Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, C gone, C<**> binds tighter than unary minus, C changed when +iterating over a list, C with no args behavior changed, B<-e> +behavior fixed, C returns number of elements in resulting list, Some +error messages differ, C honors subroutine args, Bugs removed =item Parsing Traps -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5, +Function parsing, String interpolation of C<$#array> differs, Perl guesses +on C, C followed by C<{> if it starts BLOCK or hash ref =item Numerical Traps -Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops +Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over +signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality +tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops =item General data type traps -(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), -(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) +Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting +C<$#array> lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before +use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning +C to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of +constants prohibited, C behavior changed, Variable Suicide =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts -(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) +Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context, +C returns false value in scalar context if no caller present, +Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, C +prototyped as C<($;@)> =item Precedence Traps -Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, -Precedence +LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to +precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of +assignment, C requires parentheses around filehandle, C<$:> +precedence over C<$::> gone, Precedence of file test operators documented, +C, C, C are regular named unary operators =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. -Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular -Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +C interpolates on either side, C attaches its state to +the searched string, C used within an anonymous sub, C<$+> isn't set +to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails, +C is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables +in regular expressions, C matches only once, Failed matches don't +reset the match variables =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps -(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle +Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls, +Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, C +won't let you specify a filehandle =item OS Traps -(SysV), (SysV) +SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV C appends correctly =item Interpolation Traps -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation +C<@> always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted +strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are +evaluated inside braces within double quotes, C<$$x> now tries to +dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with C requires +protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during +interpolation, Interpolation of C<\$$foo{bar}>, C string passed to +C will not find string terminator =item DBM Traps -DBM, DBM +Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for +C, DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to +exit immediately =item Unclassified Traps @@ -822,53 +761,42 @@ LIMIT specified =back -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item use strict -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=item Looking at data and -w and v -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +=item help -=item Location of Perl +=item Stepping through code -=item Command Switches +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, -B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], -B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, -B<-X>, B<-x> I +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS -=back +=item OUTPUT TIPS -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item CGI -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap, -:perlio, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB, -PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, -PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), -SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) +=item GUIs -=back +=item SUMMARY -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings +=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2005/03/27 +07:21:21 $) =over 4 @@ -876,127 +804,112 @@ SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) =over 4 -=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings - -=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> - -=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line - -B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> - -=item Backward Compatibility - -=item Category Hierarchy +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item Fatal Warnings +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -=item Reporting Warnings from a Module +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors =back -=item TODO +=item Credits -=item SEE ALSO +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Bundled Distributions -=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial +=item Disclaimer -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Table of Contents -=item use strict +perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 +- Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 +- Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular +Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System +Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking -=item Looking at data and -w and v +=item The Questions -=item help +=over 4 -=item Stepping through code +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS +=item L: Programming Tools -=item OUTPUT TIPS +=item L: Data Manipulation -=item CGI +=item L: Files and Formats -=item GUIs +=item L: Regular Expressions -=item SUMMARY +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -=item SEE ALSO +=item L: System Interaction -=item AUTHOR +=item L: Networking -=item CONTRIBUTORS +=back =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: +2005/04/01 16:15:25 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger - =over 4 -=item Debugger Commands +=item What is Perl? -h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y -[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l -min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, -?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b -subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b -compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W -expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ -command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ -command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, @ file, H -number, q or -^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man [manpage] +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? -=item Configurable Options +=item Which version of Perl should I use? -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item What are perl4, perl5, or perl6? -=item Debugger input/output +=item What is Ponie? -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing +=item What is perl6? -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item How stable is Perl? -=item Debugger Customization +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? -=item Readline Support +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? -=item The Perl Profiler +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? -=back +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? -=item Debugging memory usage +=item What is a JAPH? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? -=item BUGS +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language? =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, +$Date: 2005/04/22 19:04:48 $) =over 4 @@ -1004,380 +917,358 @@ listing =over 4 -=item Predefined Names +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? -$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, -HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, -IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, -HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, -IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, -IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, -$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, -HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, -HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, -HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, -@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as -C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> -is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as -C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), -$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, -IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, -$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, -$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, -$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, -$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), -$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, -$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, -${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, -0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, -$BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, -${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, -$ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? -=item Error Indicators +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. -=back +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? -=item BUGS +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? -=back +=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=item Where can I get information on Perl? -=over 4 +=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where should I post source code? -=over 4 +=item Perl Books -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics -=item Growing Your Own +=item Perl in Magazines -=item Access and Printing +=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access -=item Slices +=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? -=back +=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? -=item AUTHOR +=item Where do I send bug reports? + +=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? =back -=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.48 $, $Date: 2005/04/22 +19:04:48 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Open E la shell - =over 4 -=item Simple Opens +=item How do I do (anything)? -=item Pipe Opens +=item How can I use Perl interactively? -=item The Minus File +=item Is there a Perl shell? -=item Mixing Reads and Writes +=item How do I find which modules are installed on my system? -=item Filters +=item How do I debug my Perl programs? -=back +=item How do I profile my Perl programs? -=item Open E la C +=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? -=over 4 +=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? -=item Permissions E la mode +=item Is there a ctags for Perl? -=back +=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? -=item Obscure Open Tricks +Eclipse, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual +Perl, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and +BBEdit Lite -=over 4 +=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? -=item Re-Opening Files (dups) +=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? -=item Dispelling the Dweomer +=item How can I use curses with Perl? -=item Paths as Opens +=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? -=item Single Argument Open +=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? -=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT +=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? -=back - -=item Other I/O Issues +Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and +stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk -=over 4 +=item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data? -=item Opening Non-File Files +=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? -=item Binary Files +=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? -=item File Locking +=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? -=back +=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I compile Perl into Java? -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT +=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? -=item HISTORY +=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? -=back +=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? -=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C +=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? -=over 4 +=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] -=item The Basic Principle +=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C +program; what am I doing wrong? -=item Packing Text +=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? -=item Packing Numbers +=item What's MakeMaker? -=over 4 +=back -=item Integers +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Unpacking a Stack Frame +=back -=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.64 $, $Date: 2005/04/27 +00:18:04 $) -=item Floating point Numbers +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Exotic Templates +=item Data: Numbers =over 4 -=item Bit Strings +=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the +numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? -=item Uuencoding +=item Why is int() broken? -=item Doing Sums +=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? -=item Unicode +=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? +Trig functions? -=item Another Portable Binary Encoding +=item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes? -=back +How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to +hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from +decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert +from decimal to binary -=item Lengths and Widths +=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? -=over 4 +=item How do I multiply matrices? -=item String Lengths +=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? -=item Dynamic Templates +=item How can I output Roman numerals? + +=item Why aren't my random numbers random? + +=item How do I get a random number between X and Y? =back -=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures +=item Data: Dates =over 4 -=item The Alignment Pit - -=item Alignment, Take 2 +=item How do I find the day or week of the year? -=item Alignment, Take 3 +=item How do I find the current century or millennium? -=item Pointers for How to Use Them +=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? -=back +=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? -=item Pack Recipes +=item How can I find the Julian Day? -=item Funnies Section +=item How do I find yesterday's date? -=item Authors +=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? =back -=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial +=item Data: Strings =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Part 1: The basics - -=over 4 +=item How do I validate input? -=item Simple word matching +=item How do I unescape a string? -=item Using character classes +=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? -=item Matching this or that +=item How do I expand function calls in a string? -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? -=item Extracting matches +=item How do I reverse a string? -=item Matching repetitions +=item How do I expand tabs in a string? -=item Building a regexp +=item How do I reformat a paragraph? -=item Using regular expressions in Perl +=item How can I access or change N characters of a string? -=back +=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? -=item Part 2: Power tools +=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a +string? -=over 4 +=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? -=item More on characters, strings, and character classes +=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside +[character]? -=item Compiling and saving regular expressions +=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? -=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression +=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? -=item Non-capturing groupings +=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? -=item Looking ahead and looking behind +=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? -=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking +=item How can I expand variables in text strings? -=item Conditional expressions +=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? -=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression +=item Why don't my EEHERE documents work? -=item Pragmas and debugging +There must be no space after the EE part, There (probably) should +be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of +the tag =back -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Data: Arrays =over 4 -=item Acknowledgments - -=back - -=back - -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=item What is the difference between a list and an array? -=over 4 +=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -i, m, s, x +=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or +array? -=over 4 +=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the +intersection of two arrays? -=item Regular Expressions +=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? -[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? -=item Extended Patterns +=item How do I handle linked lists? -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item How do I handle circular lists? -=item Backtracking +=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item How do I select a random element from an array? -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item How do I permute N elements of a list? -=item Combining pieces together +=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? =back -=item BUGS +=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item How do I process an entire hash? -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over +it? -=over 4 +=item How do I look up a hash element by value? -=item NOTE +=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? -=over 4 +=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? -=item Making References +=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? -=item Using References +=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? -=item Symbolic references +=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? -=item Function Templates +=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? -=back +=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create +it? -=item WARNING +=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or +array of hashes or arrays? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? =back -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item Data: Misc =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 +=item How do I handle binary data correctly? -=item Format Variables +=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? -=back +=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? -=item NOTES +=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? -=over 4 +=item How do I define methods for every class/object? -=item Footers +=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? =back -=item WARNINGS +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.36 $, $Date: 2005/04/22 +19:04:48 $) =over 4 @@ -1385,1070 +1276,1144 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a +line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? -=item Invoking a barnyard +=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program? -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item How can I copy a file? -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item How do I make a temporary file name? -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? -=item Overriding the methods - -=item Starting the search from a different place - -=item The SUPER way of doing things - -=item Where we're at so far... +=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass +filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? -=item Invoking an instance method +=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? -=item Accessing the instance data +=item How can I write() into a string? -=item How to build a horse +=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? -=item Inheriting the constructor +=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use +E*E? -=item More interesting instances +=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? -=item A horse of a different color +=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? -=item Summary +=item How can I reliably rename a file? -=back +=item How can I lock a file? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Why can't I just open(FH, "Efile.lock")? -=item COPYRIGHT +=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in +the file. How can I do this? -=back +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=item How do I randomly update a binary file? -=over 4 +=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? -=item Creating a Class +=item How do I print to more than one file at once? -=over 4 +=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? -=item Object Representation +=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? -=item Class Interface +=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item How do I do a C in perl? -=item Destructors +=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? -=item Other Object Methods +=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? -=back +=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't +`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? -=item Class Data +=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? -=over 4 +=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber +protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? -=item Accessing Class Data +=item How do I select a random line from a file? -=item Debugging Methods +=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? -=item Class Destructors +=back -=item Documenting the Interface +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item Aggregation - -=item Inheritance +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.32 $, $Date: 2005/04/22 +19:04:48 $) =over 4 -=item Overridden Methods - -=item Multiple Inheritance - -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item Alternate Object Representations +=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible +and unmaintainable code? -=over 4 +Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters -=item Arrays as Objects +=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? -=item Closures as Objects +=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on +different lines? -=back +=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving +case on the RHS? -=over 4 +=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? -=back +=item What is C really for? -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a +file? -=over 4 +=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? -=item Class::Struct +=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item Data Members as Variables +=item How do I process each word on each line? -=back +=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? -=item NOTES +=item How can I do approximate matching? -=over 4 +=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? -=item Object Terminology +=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? -=back +=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? -=item SEE ALSO +=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? -=item COPYRIGHT +=item What's wrong with using grep in a void context? -=over 4 +=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? -=item Acknowledgments +=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? =back +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: +2005/04/07 21:39:34 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Class Data in a Can - -=item Class Data as Package Variables - =over 4 -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket - -=item Inheritance Concerns - -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object - -=item Indirect References to Class Data - -=item Monadic Classes - -=item Translucent Attributes +=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? -=back +=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to +use them? -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and +commas? -=over 4 +=item How do I skip some return values? -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item How do I temporarily block warnings? -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=item What's an extension? -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item How do I declare/create a structure? -=item Translucency Revisited +=item How do I create a module? -=back +=item How do I create a class? -=item NOTES +=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? -=item SEE ALSO +=item What's a closure? -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, +Regex}? -=item HISTORY +Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, +Passing Methods -=back +=item How do I create a static variable? -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? +Between local() and my()? -=over 4 +=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical +is in scope? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? -=over 4 +=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = EFILEE;" work right? -=item An Object is Simply a Reference +=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=item How do I create a switch or case statement? -=item Method Invocation +=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or +methods? -=item Indirect Object Syntax +=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item How can I find out my current package? -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? -=item Destructors +=item How do I clear a package? -=item Summary +=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=item What does "bad interpreter" mean? =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.24 $, $Date: 2005/04/22 +19:04:48 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=over 4 -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How come exec() doesn't return? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +Keyboard, Screen, Mouse -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item How do I print something out in color? -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +=item How do I clear the screen? -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item How do I get the screen size? -=item DELEGATION +=item How do I ask the user for a password? -=back +=item How do I read and write the serial port? -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input -=over 4 +=item How do I decode encrypted password files? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item How do I start a process in the background? -=item DESCRIPTION +STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies -=over 4 +=item How do I trap control characters/signals? -=item Tying Scalars +=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How do I set the time and date? -=item Tying Arrays +=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, -key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, -UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY -this +=item How can I measure time under a second? -=item Tying Hashes +=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? -=item Tying FileHandles +=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? -=item UNTIE this +=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? -=item The C Gotcha +=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? -=back +=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? -=item BUGS +=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? -=item AUTHOR +=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? -=back +=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, +^Z on MS-DOS)? -=over 4 +=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? -=item Signals +=item How can I write expect in Perl? -=item Named Pipes +=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as +"ps"? -=over 4 +=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How +come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my +changes to be visible? -=item WARNING +Unix -=back +=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to +complete? -=item Using open() for IPC +=item How do I fork a daemon process? -=over 4 +=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? -=item Filehandles +=item How do I timeout a slow event? -=item Background Processes +=item How do I set CPU limits? -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=item How do I use an SQL database? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item How do I open a file without blocking? -=back +=item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl? -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item How do I install a module from CPAN? -=over 4 +=item What's the difference between require and use? -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library +search path? -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime? + +=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? =back -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.21 $, $Date: 2005/04/22 19:04:48 +$) =over 4 -=item A Simple Client +=item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C +=over 4 -=item A Webget Client +=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +Server Error) -=back +=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item How do I remove HTML from a string? -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=item How do I extract URLs? -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a +file on another machine? -=item SysV IPC +=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? -=item NOTES +=item How do I fetch an HTML file? -=item BUGS +=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I redirect to another page? -=back +=item How do I put a password on my web pages? -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) +=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? -=over 4 +=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my +CGI script to do bad things? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item How do I parse a mail header? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I decode a CGI form? -=over 4 +=item How do I check a valid mail address? -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes +=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets +=item How do I return the user's mail address? -=item Resource limits +=item How do I send mail? -=item Killing the parent process +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item How do I read mail? -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? -=back +=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? -=item BUGS +=item How can I do RPC in Perl? -=item AUTHOR +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=item Storing numbers - -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions - -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=over 4 -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item Declarations -=item AUTHOR +=item Comments -=item SEE ALSO +=item Simple Statements -=back +=item Truth and Falsehood -=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl +=item Statement Modifiers -=over 4 +=item Compound Statements -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Loop Control -=back +=item For Loops -=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl +=item Foreach Loops -=over 4 +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Goto -=item What Is A Thread Anyway? +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation -=item Threaded Program Models +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) -=over 4 +=back -=item Boss/Worker +=back -=item Work Crew +=head2 perldata - Perl data types -=item Pipeline +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Native threads +=over 4 -=item What kind of threads are perl threads? +=item Variable names -=item Threadsafe Modules +=item Context -=item Thread Basics +=item Scalar values -=over 4 +=item Scalar value constructors -=item Basic Thread Support +=item List value constructors -=item Creating Threads +=item Subscripts -=item Giving up control +=item Slices -=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles -=item Errors In Threads +=back -=item Ignoring A Thread +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Threads And Data +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence =over 4 -=item Shared And Unshared Data +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Thread Pitfall: Races +=over 4 -=item Controlling access: lock() +=item Operator Precedence and Associativity -=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) -=item Queues: Passing Data Around +=item The Arrow Operator -=back +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement -=item Threads And Code +=item Exponentiation -=over 4 +=item Symbolic Unary Operators -=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access +=item Binding Operators -Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores +=item Multiplicative Operators -=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines +=item Additive Operators -=item Subroutine Locks +=item Shift Operators -=item Methods +=item Named Unary Operators -=item Locking A Subroutine +=item Relational Operators -=back +=item Equality Operators -=item General Thread Utility Routines +=item Bitwise And -=over 4 +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or -=item What Thread Am I In? +=item C-style Logical And -=item Thread IDs +=item C-style Logical Or -=item Are These Threads The Same? +=item C-style Logical Defined-Or -=item What Threads Are Running? +=item Range Operators -=back +=item Conditional Operator -=item A Complete Example +=item Assignment Operators -=item Conclusion +=item Comma Operator -=item Bibliography +=item List Operators (Rightward) -=over 4 +=item Logical Not -=item Introductory Texts +=item Logical And -=item OS-Related References +=item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or -=item Other References +=item C Operators Missing From Perl -=back +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) -=item Acknowledgements +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators -=item AUTHOR +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators -=item Copyrights +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, +C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, +C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions -=over 4 +=item I/O Operators -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Constant Folding -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item No-ops -=item ISSUES +=item Bitwise String Operators -=over 4 +=item Integer Arithmetic -=item Newlines +=item Floating-point Arithmetic -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item Bigger Numbers -=item Files and Filesystems +=back -=item System Interaction +=back -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=over 4 -=item Standard Modules +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Time and Date +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Character sets and character encoding +=over 4 -=item Internationalisation +=item Private Variables via my() -=item System Resources +=item Persistent Private Variables -=item Security +=item Temporary Values via local() -=item Style +=item Lvalue subroutines -=back +Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL -=item CPAN Testers +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=item When to Still Use local() -=item PLATFORMS +=item Pass by Reference -=over 4 +=item Prototypes -=item Unix +=item Constant Functions -=item DOS and Derivatives +=item Overriding Built-in Functions -=item S +=item Autoloading -=item VMS +=item Subroutine Attributes -=item VOS +=back -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=item SEE ALSO -=item Acorn RISC OS +=back -=item Other perls +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions -=back +=over 4 -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Perl Functions by Category --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock -FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority -WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, -getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, -setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, -endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob -EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link -OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, -msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open -FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink -EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, -semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS - -=back - -=item CHANGES - -v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, -v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 -May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February -1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September -1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, -v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 -=item Supported Platforms +=item Portability -=item SEE ALSO +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless +REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp( +LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +localtime, lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK +LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl +ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd +ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, +next LABEL, next, no Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module +LIST, no Module, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord +EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : +ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe +READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE +LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, +LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, +qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, +rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, +recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename +OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, +return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex +STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar +EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select +FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl +ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair +SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, +sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, +splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format +parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum +width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat +FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME +(PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use +Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use +VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid +PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// =back -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=back + +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES - -=item USING LOCALES +=item Open E la shell =over 4 -=item The use locale pragma +=item Simple Opens -=item The setlocale function +=item Indirect Filehandles -=item Finding locales +=item Pipe Opens -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=item The Minus File -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=item Mixing Reads and Writes -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=item Filters -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=back -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item Open E la C -=item The localeconv function +=over 4 -=item I18N::Langinfo +=item Permissions E la mode =back -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=item Obscure Open Tricks =over 4 -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation - -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=item Dispelling the Dweomer -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=item Paths as Opens -=item LC_TIME +=item Single Argument Open -=item Other categories +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT =back -=item SECURITY - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG - -=item NOTES +=item Other I/O Issues =over 4 -=item Backward compatibility - -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +=item Opening Non-File Files -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +=item Opening Named Pipes -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=item Opening Sockets -=item Freely available locale definitions +=item Binary Files -=item I18n and l10n +=item File Locking -=item An imperfect standard +=item IO Layers =back -=item Unicode and UTF-8 - -=item BUGS - -=over 4 - -=item Broken systems - -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT =item HISTORY =back -=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction +=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item The Basic Principle -=item Unicode +=item Packing Text -=item Perl's Unicode Support +=item Packing Numbers -=item Perl's Unicode Model +=over 4 -=item Unicode and EBCDIC +=item Integers -=item Creating Unicode +=item Unpacking a Stack Frame -=item Handling Unicode +=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net -=item Legacy Encodings +=item Byte-order modifiers -=item Unicode I/O +=item Floating point Numbers -=item Displaying Unicode As Text +=back -=item Special Cases +=item Exotic Templates -=item Advanced Topics +=over 4 -=item Miscellaneous +=item Bit Strings -=item Questions With Answers +=item Uuencoding -, , , , , , +=item Doing Sums -=item Hexadecimal Notation +=item Unicode -=item Further Resources +=item Another Portable Binary Encoding =back -=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS +=item Template Grouping -=item SEE ALSO +=item Lengths and Widths -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE +=item String Lengths + +=item Dynamic Templates + +=item Counting Repetitions =back -=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl +=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The Alignment Pit -=over 4 +=item Dealing with Endian-ness -=item Important Caveats +=item Alignment, Take 2 -Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed -to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts +=item Alignment, Take 3 -=item Byte and Character semantics +=item Pointers for How to Use Them -=item Effects of character semantics +=back -=item Scripts +=item Pack Recipes -=item Blocks +=item Funnies Section -=item User-defined Character Properties +=item Authors -=item Character encodings for input and output +=back -=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level +=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format -=item Unicode Encodings +=over 4 -=item Security Implications of Unicode +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC +=over 4 -=item Locales +=item Ordinary Paragraph -=item Using Unicode in XS +=item Verbatim Paragraph -=back +=item Command Paragraph -=item BUGS +C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item +I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end +I>, C<=for I I>, C<=encoding +I> -=over 4 +=item Formatting Codes + +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used +for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, +Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null +(zero-effect) formatting code -=item Interaction with locales +=item The Intent -=item Interaction with extensions +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules -=item speed +=item Hints for Writing Pod =back =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms +=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and +notes =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS - -=over 4 - -=item ASCII +=item Pod Definitions -=item ISO 8859 +=item Pod Commands -=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) +"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", +"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", +"=encoding encodingname" -=item EBCDIC +=item Pod Formatting Codes -=item 13 variant characters +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for +filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a +null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text +contains non-breaking spaces -=item 0037 +=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors -=item 1047 +=item About LE...E Codes -=item POSIX-BC +First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: -=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points +=item About =over...=back Regions -=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC +=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions -=item Unicode and UTF +=item SEE ALSO -=item Using Encode +=item AUTHOR =back -=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter -recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 +=over 4 -=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CONVERSIONS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item tr/// +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems -=item iconv +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS -=item C RTL +=item Location of Perl -=back +=item Command Switches -=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES +B<-0>[I], B<-A[I][=I]>, B<-a>, B<-C +[I]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-dt>, B<-d:>I, +B<-dt:>I, B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> +I, B<-f>, B<-F>I, B<-h>, B<-i>[I], +B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], B<-m>[B<->]I, +B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, +B<-X>, B<-x>, B<-x> I -=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES +=back -chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap, +:perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB, +PERL5DB, PERL5DB_THREADED, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), +PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, +PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_DL_NONLAZY, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, +PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, +PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) -=item SOCKETS +=back -=item SORTING +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics =over 4 -=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. - -=item MONO CASE then sort data. - -=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. - -=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings =over 4 -=item URL decoding and encoding - -=item uu encoding and decoding - -=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding - -=item Caesarian ciphers - -=back - -=item Hashing order and checksums - -=item I18N AND L10N +=item DESCRIPTION -=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS +=over 4 -=item OS ISSUES +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings -=over 4 +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> -=item OS/400 +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line -IFS access +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> -=item OS/390, z/OS +=item Backward Compatibility -chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales +=item Category Hierarchy -=item VM/ESA? +=item Fatal Warnings -=item POSIX-BC? +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module =back -=item BUGS +=item TODO =item SEE ALSO -=item REFERENCES - -=item HISTORY - =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +=item The Perl Debugger + =over 4 -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data +=item Debugger Commands -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y +[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l +min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, +?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b +subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b +compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W +expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ +command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [ +command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source +file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man +[manpage] -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +=item Configurable Options -=item Security Bugs +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Protecting Your Programs +=item Debugger input/output -=item Unicode +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing + +=item Debugging compile-time statements + +=item Debugger Customization + +=item Readline Support + +=item Editor Support for Debugging + +=item The Perl Profiler =back +=item Debugging regular expressions + +=item Debugging memory usage + =item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS + =back -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables =over 4 @@ -2456,929 +2421,952 @@ chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales =over 4 -=item Packages - -=item Symbol Tables - -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=item Predefined Names -=item Perl Classes +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, +HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, +IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, +IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, +$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, +HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, +HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, +HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, +@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as +C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> +is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as +C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), +$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, +$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, +${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, +$EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, +$REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, +$GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], +$COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}, ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}, +$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, +${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, +$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, +${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, +$EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, +%ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} -=item Perl Modules +=item Error Indicators -=item Making your module threadsafe +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +i, m, s, x + =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE +=item Regular Expressions -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit -=back +=item Extended Patterns -=item PORTABILITY +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> -=item HEY +=item Backtracking -=item AUTHOR +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 -=back +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=item Combining pieces together -=over 4 +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Creating custom RE engines -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +=back -=over 4 +=item BUGS -=item Pragmatic Modules +=item SEE ALSO -attributes, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, -constant, diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer, less, -locale, open, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, utf8, vars, -vmsish, warnings, warnings::register +=back -=item Standard Modules +=head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference -AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, Benchmark, CGI, -CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, -CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, -Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, Devel::SelfStubber, -Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, -ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, -ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, -ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, -ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, -ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, File::Basename, -File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, -File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, -File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, -FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, -I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IPC::Open2, -IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, -Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, -Locale::Script, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, -Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, -Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, -Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NEXT, Net::Cmd, -Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, -Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, -Net::protoent, Net::servent, PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, -Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, -Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, -Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, -Pod::Usage, Pod::t::basic, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, -Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, -Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert, -Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple, -Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, -Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Tie::Array, Tie::File, -Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, -Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, -UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32 +=over 4 -=item Extension Modules +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item CPAN +=item OPERATORS -=over 4 +=item SYNTAX -=item Africa +=item ESCAPE SEQUENCES -=item Asia +=item CHARACTER CLASSES -=item Central America +=item ANCHORS -=item Europe +=item QUANTIFIERS -=item North America +=item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS -=item Oceania +=item VARIABLES -=item South America +=item FUNCTIONS + +=item TERMINOLOGY =back -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=item AUTHOR -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=item THANKS -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=back -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures -=back +=over 4 =item NOTE -=back - -=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item INTRODUCTION +=item Making References -=item QUICK CHECKLIST +=item Using References -=over 4 +=item Symbolic references -=item Before you start +=item Not-so-symbolic references -=item The API +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash -=item Stability +=item Function Templates -=item Documentation +=back -=item Release considerations +=item WARNING + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE +=head2 perlform - Perl formats =over 4 -=item Has it been done before? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Do one thing and do it well +=over 4 -=item What's in a name? +=item Text Fields -=back +=item Numeric Fields -=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE +=item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text -=over 4 +=item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text -=item To OO or not to OO? +=item Specifying Values -=item Designing your API +=item Using Fill Mode -Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from -output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, -Parameter passing +=item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void -=item Strictness and warnings +=item Repeating Format Lines -=item Backwards compatibility +=item Top of Form Processing -=item Error handling and messages +=item Format Variables =back -=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE +=item NOTES =over 4 -=item POD +=item Footers -=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs +=item Accessing Formatting Internals =back -=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS +=item WARNINGS + +=back + +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects =over 4 -=item Version numbering +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Pre-requisites +=over 4 -=item Testing +=item An Object is Simply a Reference -=item Packaging +=item A Class is Simply a Package -=item Licensing +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine -=back +=item Method Invocation -=item COMMON PITFALLS +=item Indirect Object Syntax -=over 4 +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods -=item Reinventing the wheel +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=item Trying to do too much +=item Destructors -=item Inappropriate documentation +=item Summary + +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection =back =item SEE ALSO -L, L, L, L, Testing tools, -http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering - -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Warning +=item Tying Scalars -=item What should I make into a module? +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground +=item Tying Arrays -Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this -=item Step-by-step: Making the module +=item Tying Hashes -Start with F, Use L and L, Use -L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, SCALAR this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this -=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module +=item Tying FileHandles -Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the -tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=back +=item UNTIE this -=item AUTHOR +=item The C Gotcha + +=back =item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: -2002/04/07 18:46:13 $) +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION +B, B, B, +B + =over 4 -=item What is Perl? +=item The Filter -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item Which version of Perl should I use? +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=back -=item What is perl6? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How stable is Perl? +=item AUTHOR -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +=back -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +=over 4 -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +=item Signals -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=over 4 -=item What is a JAPH? +=item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +=back -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language? +=item Named Pipes -=back +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals) + +Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as +"faults", Signals triggered by operating system state =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.13 $, -$Date: 2002/04/26 16:56:35 $) +=item Using open() for IPC =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Filehandles -=over 4 +=item Background Processes -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? +=item Safe Pipe Opens -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +=back -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? +=over 4 -=item Where can I get information on Perl? +=item Internet Line Terminators -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers -=item Where should I post source code? +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers -=item Perl Books +=back -References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket -=item Perl in Magazines +=over 4 -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access +=item A Simple Client -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? +C, C, C -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc +=item A Webget Client -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket -=item Where do I send bug reports? +=back -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket -=back +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item UDP: Message Passing + +=item SysV IPC + +=item NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.21 $, $Date: 2002/04/28 -15:51:10 $) +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item How do I do (anything)? - -=item How can I use Perl interactively? - -=item Is there a Perl shell? +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? +=item Resource limits -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? +=item Killing the parent process -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions -Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl, -CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, -MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha +=back -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? +=item BUGS -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I use curses with Perl? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? +=back -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? +=over 4 -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +=item SYNOPSIS -Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and -stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? +=item Storing numbers -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? +Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C, Other +mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? +=back -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? +=over 4 -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? +=item Status -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program; what am I doing wrong? +=item Threaded Program Models -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? +=over 4 -=item What's MakeMaker? +=item Boss/Worker -=back +=item Work Crew -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Pipeline =back -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 -18:46:13 $) - -=over 4 +=item What kind of threads are Perl threads? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Thread-Safe Modules -=item Data: Numbers +=item Thread Basics =over 4 -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? - -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? +=item Basic Thread Support -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? +=item A Note about the Examples -=item How do I convert between numeric representations? +=item Creating Threads -B, B, B, B, B, B +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? +=item Ignoring A Thread -=item How do I multiply matrices? +=back -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? +=item Threads And Data -=item How can I output Roman numerals? +=over 4 -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? +=item Shared And Unshared Data -=item How do I get a random number between X and Y? +=item Thread Pitfalls: Races =back -=item Data: Dates +=item Synchronization and control =over 4 -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? +=item Controlling access: lock() -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? +=item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? +=item Queues: Passing Data Around -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access -=item How can I find the Julian Day? +=item Basic semaphores -=item How do I find yesterday's date? +=item Advanced Semaphores -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? +=item cond_wait() and cond_signal() + +=item Giving up control =back -=item Data: Strings +=item General Thread Utility Routines =over 4 -=item How do I validate input? - -=item How do I unescape a string? +=item What Thread Am I In? -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? +=item Thread IDs -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? +=item Are These Threads The Same? -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? +=item What Threads Are Running? -=item How do I reverse a string? +=back -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? +=item A Complete Example -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? +=item Different implementations of threads -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? +=item Performance considerations -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? +=item Process-scope Changes -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? +=item Thread-Safety of System Libraries -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? +=item Conclusion -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) +=item Bibliography -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? +=over 4 -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? +=item Introductory Texts -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? +=item OS-Related References -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? +=item Other References -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? +=back -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? +=item Acknowledgements -=item Why don't my < +portable -=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? +=item ISSUES -=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a -line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? +=over 4 -=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? +=item Newlines -=item How do I make a temporary file name? +=item Numbers endianness and Width -=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? +=item Files and Filesystems -=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? +=item System Interaction -=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? +=item Command names versus file pathnames -=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? +=item Networking -=item How can I write() into a string? +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) -=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? +=item External Subroutines (XS) -=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? +=item Standard Modules -=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? +=item Time and Date -=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>? +=item Character sets and character encoding -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? +=item Internationalisation -=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? +=item System Resources -=item How can I reliably rename a file? +=item Security -=item How can I lock a file? +=item Style -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? +=back -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? +=item CPAN Testers -=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a -file. Do I still have to use locking? +=item PLATFORMS -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? +=over 4 -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Unix -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? +=item DOS and Derivatives -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? +=item S -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? +=item VMS -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? +=item VOS -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? +=item EBCDIC Platforms -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? +=item Acorn RISC OS -=item How do I do a C in perl? +=item Other perls -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? +=back -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? +=over 4 -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? +-I, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen, +dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid, +getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid, +getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent, +gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent, +setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, +endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob, +gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat, +msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe, readlink, rename, select, +semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent, +setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair, +stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime, +wait, waitpid -=item How do I select a random line from a file? +=back -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? +=item Supported Platforms -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.10 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 -18:32:57 $) +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES + +=item USING LOCALES + =over 4 -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? +=item The use locale pragma -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters +=item The setlocale function -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? +=item Finding locales -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving -case on the RHS? +=item Permanently fixing locale problems -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? +=item Fixing system locale configuration -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? +=item The localeconv function -=item What is C really for? +=item I18N::Langinfo -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? +=back -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? +=over 4 -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types -=item How can I do approximate matching? +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? +=item LC_TIME -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? +=item Other categories -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? +=back -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? +=item SECURITY -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? +=item NOTES -=back +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Backward compatibility -=back +=item I18N:Collate obsolete -=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: -2002/03/26 15:48:32 $) +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts -=over 4 +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Freely available locale definitions -=over 4 +=item I18n and l10n -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? +=item An imperfect standard -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? +=back -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? +=item Unicode and UTF-8 -=item How do I skip some return values? +=item BUGS -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? +=over 4 -=item What's an extension? +=item Broken systems -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? +=back -=item How do I declare/create a structure? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I create a module? +=item HISTORY -=item How do I create a class? +=back -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? +=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction -=item What's a closure? +=over 4 -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? +=over 4 -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods +=item Unicode -=item How do I create a static variable? +=item Perl's Unicode Support -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? +=item Perl's Unicode Model -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? +=item Unicode and EBCDIC -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? +=item Creating Unicode -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? +=item Handling Unicode -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? +=item Legacy Encodings -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? +=item Unicode I/O -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? +=item Displaying Unicode As Text -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? +=item Special Cases -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? +=item Advanced Topics -=item How can I find out my current package? +=item Miscellaneous -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? +=item Questions With Answers -=item How do I clear a package? +=item Hexadecimal Notation -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? +=item Further Resources =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS + +=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE =back -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.7 $, $Date: 2002/04/18 -14:23:15 $) +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl =over 4 @@ -3386,196 +3374,189 @@ is in scope? =over 4 -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? +=item Important Caveats -=item How come exec() doesn't return? +Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C still needed to +enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts +autodetected, C needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? - -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse +=item Byte and Character Semantics -=item How do I print something out in color? +=item Effects of Character Semantics -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? +=item Scripts -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? +=item Blocks -=item How do I clear the screen? +=item User-Defined Character Properties -=item How do I get the screen size? +=item Character Encodings for Input and Output -=item How do I ask the user for a password? +=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level -=item How do I read and write the serial port? +=item Unicode Encodings -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input +=item Security Implications of Unicode -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? +=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC -=item How do I start a process in the background? +=item Locales -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies +=item When Unicode Does Not Happen -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? +=item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl) -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? +=item Using Unicode in XS -=item How do I set the time and date? +=back -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? +=item BUGS -=item How can I measure time under a second? +=over 4 -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) +=item Interaction with Locales -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? +=item Interaction with Extensions -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? +=item Speed -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? +=item Porting code from perl-5.6.X -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? +=back -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? +=item SEE ALSO -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? +=back -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? +=over 4 -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? +=over 4 -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? +=item ASCII -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? +=item ISO 8859 -=item How can I write expect in Perl? +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? +=item EBCDIC -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? +=item 13 variant characters -Unix +=item 0037 -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? +=item 1047 -=item How do I fork a daemon process? +=item POSIX-BC -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? +=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points -=item How do I timeout a slow event? +=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC -=item How do I set CPU limits? +=item Unicode and UTF -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? +=item Using Encode -=item How do I use an SQL database? +=back -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES -=item How do I open a file without blocking? +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item What's the difference between require and use? +=item CONVERSIONS -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? +=over 4 -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? +=item tr/// -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? +=item iconv -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? +=item C RTL =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES -=back +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 18:46:13 -$) +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() -=over 4 +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SOCKETS + +=item SORTING =over 4 -=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) +=item MONO CASE then sort data. -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. -=item How do I extract URLs? +=back -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? +=over 4 -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? +=item URL decoding and encoding -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? +=item uu encoding and decoding -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding -=item How do I redirect to another page? +=item Caesarian ciphers -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? +=back -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? +=item Hashing order and checksums -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? +=item I18N AND L10N -=item How do I parse a mail header? +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS -=item How do I decode a CGI form? +=item OS ISSUES -=item How do I check a valid mail address? +=over 4 -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? +=item OS/400 -=item How do I return the user's mail address? +PASE, IFS access -=item How do I send mail? +=item OS/390, z/OS -=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales -=item How do I read mail? +=item VM/ESA? -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? +=item POSIX-BC? -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? +=back -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? +=item BUGS -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item REFERENCES -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item HISTORY + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator +=head2 perlsec - Perl security =over 4 @@ -3583,45 +3564,29 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =over 4 -=item Layout - -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref - -=back - -=item Using The Back Ends - -=over 4 +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data -=item The Cross Referencing Back End +=item Switches On the "#!" Line -i, &, s, r +=item Taint mode and @INC -=item The Decompiling Back End +=item Cleaning Up Your Path -=item The Lint Back End +=item Security Bugs -=item The Simple C Back End +=item Protecting Your Programs -=item The Bytecode Back End +=item Unicode -=item The Optimized C Back End +=item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks =back -=item Module List for the Compiler Suite - -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, -B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref - -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) =over 4 @@ -3629,196 +3594,286 @@ B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE +=item Packages -B, B, B, B, B +=item Symbol Tables -=item ROADMAP +=item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END -=item Compiling your C program +=item Perl Classes -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program +=item Perl Modules -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=item Making your module threadsafe -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +=back -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=item SEE ALSO -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +=back -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones -=item Execution of END blocks +=over 4 -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=over 4 -=back +=item Pragmatic Modules -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +assertions, assertions::activate, assertions::compat, attributes, attrs, +autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, +diagnostics, encoding, encoding::warnings, fields, filetest, if, integer, +less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, +threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings, +warnings::register -=item MORAL +=item Standard Modules -=item AUTHOR +AnyDBM_File, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Handlers, +AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, +B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, +B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, +ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, +CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, +CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Compress::Zlib, +Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, +Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, +Digest::base, Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, +Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, +Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, +Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, +Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, +Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, +Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, +Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, +ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant, +ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils, +ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, +ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX, +ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, +ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_QNX, +ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS, +ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, +ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::ParseXS, +ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, +File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob, +File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, +File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, +File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, +FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, +IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, +IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Zlib, IPC::Open2, +IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, +Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, +Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, +MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, +Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigInt::FastCalc, +Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, +Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, +Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, +Module::CoreList, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, +Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, +Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent, +Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding, +PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker, +Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, +Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, +Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, +Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, +Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer, +Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, +Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, +Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, +Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, +Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, +Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point, +Test::Harness::Straps, Test::Harness::TAP, Test::More, Test::Simple, +Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, +Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, +Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, Tie::Array, Tie::File, +Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, +Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, +Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, +User::grent, User::pwent, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Extension Modules =back -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging +=item CPAN =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Africa -=item Debugger Internals +South Africa -=over 4 +=item Asia -=item Writing Your Own Debugger +China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi +Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand -=back - -=item Frame Listing Output Examples +=item Central America -=item Debugging regular expressions +Costa Rica -=over 4 +=item Europe -=item Compile-time output +Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech +Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, +Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, +Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, +Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom -C I C I, C I C -I, C, C, C -I, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item North America -=item Types of nodes +Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States, +Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, +Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, +North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, +Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin -=item Run-time output +=item Oceania -=back +Australia, New Zealand, United States -=item Debugging Perl memory usage +=item South America -=over 4 +Argentina, Brazil, Chile -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=item RSYNC Mirrors -C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=over 4 -=item B<-DL> details +=item Guidelines for Module Creation -C, C, C +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTE =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item INTRODUCTION -=item SPECIAL NOTES +=item QUICK CHECKLIST =over 4 -=item make +=item Before you start -=item Version caveat +=item The API -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=item Stability + +=item Documentation + +=item Release considerations =back -=item TUTORIAL +=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE =over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 1 - -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=item Has it been done before? -=item What has gone on? +=item Do one thing and do it well -=item Writing good test scripts +=item What's in a name? -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=back -=item What's new here? +=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE -=item Input and Output Parameters +=over 4 -=item The XSUBPP Program +=item To OO or not to OO? -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item Designing your API -=item Warning about Output Arguments +Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from +output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, +Parameter passing -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=item Strictness and warnings -=item What has happened here? +=item Backwards compatibility -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=item Error handling and messages -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +=back -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE -=item The Argument Stack +=over 4 -=item Extending your Extension +=item POD -=item Documenting your Extension +=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs -=item Installing your Extension +perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, +perl Build test, perl Build install -=item EXAMPLE 5 +=back -=item New Things in this Example +=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS -=item EXAMPLE 6 +=over 4 -=item New Things in this Example +=item Version numbering -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +=item Pre-requisites -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=item Testing -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +=item Packaging -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=item Licensing =back -=item See also - -=item Author +=item COMMON PITFALLS =over 4 -=item Last Changed +=item Reinventing the wheel + +=item Trying to do too much + +=item Inappropriate documentation =back +=item SEE ALSO + +L, L, L, L, Packaging Tools, +Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software +engineering + +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules =over 4 @@ -3826,388 +3881,468 @@ C, C, C =over 4 -=item Introduction +=item PREAMBLE -=item On The Road +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +=back -=item The Argument Stack +=item PORTABILITY -=item The RETVAL Variable +=item HEY -=item The MODULE Keyword +=item AUTHOR -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +=item COPYRIGHT -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=back -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution -=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword +=over 4 -=item The CODE: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The INIT: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=item Warning -=item Initializing Function Parameters +=item What should I make into a module? -=item Default Parameter Values +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=item Step-by-step: Making the module -=item The INPUT: Keyword +Start with F or F, Use L and +L, Use L, Use L - wisely!, +Use L, Write tests, Write the README -=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module -=item The C Keyword +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +=back -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +=item AUTHOR -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +=item SEE ALSO -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=back -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The POSTCALL: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The BOOT: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +=item DOCUMENTATION -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +L, L and L, +L and L, L, +L, L, L, +L -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=item CONVERTORS -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +L, L, L -=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword +=item Administration -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +L -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=item Development -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +L, L, L and L, +L, L, L -=item The CASE: Keyword +=item SEE ALSO -=item The & Unary Operator +=back -=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=back -=item Using XS With C++ +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -=item Interface Strategy +=over 4 -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Typemap +=over 4 -=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS +=item Layout -MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Using The Back Ends -=item XS VERSION +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item The Cross Referencing Back End -=back +i, &, s, r -=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions +=item The Decompiling Back End -=over 4 +=item The Lint Back End -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The Simple C Back End -=over 4 +=item The Bytecode Back End -=item Conventions +=item The Optimized C Back End -C, C

, C, C +=back -=item File Operations +=item Module List for the Compiler Suite -=item File Input and Output +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, +B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref -=item File Positioning +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item Memory Management and String Handling +=item AUTHOR -=item Character Class Tests +=back -=item F functions +=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters -=item Miscellaneous functions - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API - -=over 4 +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Variables - -=over 4 - -=item Datatypes - -=item What is an "IV"? +=item CONCEPTS -=item Working with SVs +=item USING FILTERS -=item Offsets +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C -=item Working with AVs +B -=item Working with HVs +=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE -=item Hash API Extensions +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL -=item References +=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +=item CONCLUSION -=item Creating New Variables +=item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR -GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN +Some Filters Clobber the C Handle -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=item REQUIREMENTS -=item Stashes and Globs +=item AUTHOR -=item Double-Typed SVs +=item Copyrights -=item Magic Variables +=back -=item Assigning Magic +=head2 perlglossary - Perl Glossary + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Terms + +accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algorithm, alias, +alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument, ARGV, arithmetical +operator, array, array context, ASCII, assertion, assignment, assignment +operator, associative array, associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic +operation, attribute, autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit, +autovivification, AV, awk, backreference, backtracking, backward +compatibility, bareword, base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator, +bind, bit, bit shift, bit string, bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering, +Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD, bucket, buffer, +built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode, C, C preprocessor, call by reference, +call by value, callback, canonical, capturing, character, character class, +character property, circumfix operator, class, class method, client, +cloister, closure, cluster, CODE, code generator, code subpattern, +collating sequence, command, command buffering, command name, command-line +arguments, comment, compilation unit, compile phase, compile time, +compiler, composer, concatenation, conditional, connection, construct, +constructor, context, continuation, core dump, CPAN, cracker, current +package, current working directory, currently selected output channel, CV, +dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM, declaration, +decrement, default, defined, delimiter, dereference, derived class, +descriptor, destroy, destructor, device, directive, directory, directory +handle, dispatch, distribution, dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping, +eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant, +encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF, errno, +error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling, exec, executable +file, execute, execute bit, exit status, export, expression, extension, +false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor, file test +operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem, filter, flag, +floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal arguments, format, freely +available, freely redistributable, freeware, function, funny character, +garbage collection, GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, +granularity, greedy, grep, group, GV, hacker, handler, hard reference, +hash, hash table, header file, here document, hexadecimal, home directory, +host, hubris, HV, identifier, impatience, implementation, import, +increment, indexing, indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object +slot, indirection, infix, inheritance, instance, instance variable, +integer, interface, interpolation, interpreter, invocant, invocation, I/O, +IO, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV, JAPH, key, keyword, label, +laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer, lexical analysis, +lexical scoping, lexical variable, library, LIFO, line, line buffering, +line number, link, LIST, list, list context, list operator, list value, +literal, little-endian, local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, +loop, loop control statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue, lvalue +modifier, magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man, +manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasymbol, method, +minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, monger, mortal, +multidimensional array, multiple inheritance, named pipe, namespace, +network address, newline, NFS, null character, null list, null string, +numeric context, NV, nybble, object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source +software, operand, operating system, operator, operator overloading, +options, overloading, overriding, owner, package, pad, parameter, parent +class, parse tree, parsing, patch, PATH, pathname, pattern, pattern +matching, permission bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod, pointer, +polymorphism, port, portable, porter, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma, +precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process, program generator, +progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype, pseudofunction, +pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pumpkin, pumpking, PV, qualified, +quantifier, readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent, +regex, regular expression, regular expression modifier, regular file, +relational operator, reserved words, return value, RFC, right shift, root, +RTFM, run phase, run time, run-time pattern, RV, rvalue, scalar, scalar +context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar variable, scope, scratchpad, +script, script kiddie, sed, semaphore, separator, serialization, server, +service, setgid, setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects, +signal, signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp, socket, soft +reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard error, standard I/O, +standard input, standard output, stat structure, statement, statement +modifier, static, static method, static scoping, static variable, status, +STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT, stream, string, string context, +stringification, struct, structure, subclass, subpattern, subroutine, +subscript, substitution, substring, superclass, superuser, SV, switch, +switch cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic debugger, +symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syntactic sugar, syntax, +syntax tree, syscall, tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, +thread, tie, TMTOWTDI, token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach, +transliterate, trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type, type +casting, typed lexical, typedef, typeglob, typemap, UDP, UID, umask, unary +operator, Unicode, Unix, value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, +vector, virtual, void context, v-string, warning, watch expression, +whitespace, word, working directory, wrapper, WYSIWYG, XS, XSUB, yacc, zero +width, zombie -=item Magic Virtual Tables +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Finding Magic +=back -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program -=item Localizing changes +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, -C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, -C, C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item Subroutines +=item PREAMBLE -=over 4 +B, B, B, B, B -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack +=item ROADMAP -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs +=item Compiling your C program -=item Memory Allocation +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program -=item PerlIO +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program -=item Scratchpads +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program -=item Scratchpads and recursion +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program -=back +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter -=item Compiled code +=item Execution of END blocks -=over 4 +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances -=item Code tree +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program -=item Examining the tree +=back -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item Hiding Perl_ -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +=item MORAL -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item AUTHOR -=item Pluggable runops +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions - -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging =over 4 -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT - -=item So what happened to dTHR? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item Debugger Internals -=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? +=over 4 -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +=item Writing Your Own Debugger =back -=item Internal Functions +=item Frame Listing Output Examples -A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x +=item Debugging regular expressions =over 4 -=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs +=item Compile-time output -=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer +C I C I, C I C +I, C, C, C +I, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Source Documentation +=item Types of nodes + +=item Run-time output =back -=item Unicode Support +=item Debugging Perl memory usage =over 4 -=item What B Unicode, anyway? - -=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> -=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? +C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C -=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch -=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> -=item Is there anything else I need to know? +=item B<-DL> details -=back +C, C, C -=item Custom Operators +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics -=item AUTHORS +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program +=item SPECIAL NOTES -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv +=item make -=item FLAG VALUES +=item Version caveat -=over 4 +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading -=item G_VOID +=back -=item G_SCALAR +=item TUTORIAL -=item G_ARRAY +=over 4 -=item G_DISCARD +=item EXAMPLE 1 -=item G_NOARGS +=item EXAMPLE 2 -=item G_EVAL +=item What has gone on? -=item G_KEEPERR +=item Writing good test scripts -=item Determining the Context +=item EXAMPLE 3 -=back +=item What's new here? -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item Input and Output Parameters -=item EXAMPLES +=item The XSUBPP Program -=over 4 +=item The TYPEMAP file -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned +=item Warning about Output Arguments -=item Passing Parameters +=item EXAMPLE 4 -=item Returning a Scalar +=item What has happened here? -=item Returning a list of values +=item Anatomy of .xs file -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +=item More about XSUB arguments -=item Using G_EVAL +=item The Argument Stack -=item Using G_KEEPERR +=item Extending your Extension -=item Using call_sv +=item Documenting your Extension -=item Using call_argv +=item Installing your Extension -=item Using call_method +=item EXAMPLE 5 -=item Using GIMME_V +=item New Things in this Example -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=item EXAMPLE 6 -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +=item New Things in this Example -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +=item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes + +=item Troubleshooting these Examples =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item See also -=item AUTHOR +=item Author -=item DATE +=over 4 + +=item Last Changed =back -=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution +=back + +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual =over 4 @@ -4215,738 +4350,734 @@ callback =over 4 -=item DOCUMENTATION +=item Introduction -L, L and L, -L and L, L, -L, L, L, -L +=item On The Road -=item CONVERTORS +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB -L, L, L +=item The Argument Stack -=item Administration +=item The RETVAL Variable -L +=item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL -=item Development +=item The MODULE Keyword -L, L, L and L, -L, L, L +=item The PACKAGE Keyword -=item SEE ALSO +=item The PREFIX Keyword -=back +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword -=back +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword -=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters +=item The CODE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The INIT: Keyword -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The NO_INIT Keyword -=item CONCEPTS +=item Initializing Function Parameters -=item USING FILTERS +=item Default Parameter Values -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER +=item The PREINIT: Keyword -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C +=item The SCOPE: Keyword -B +=item The INPUT: Keyword -=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL +=item The C Keyword -=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists -=item CONCLUSION +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword -=item REQUIREMENTS +=item The PPCODE: Keyword -=item AUTHOR +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists -=item Copyrights +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword -=back +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=item The POSTCALL: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The BOOT: Keyword -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword -B, B, B, -B +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The ALIAS: Keyword -=item The Filter +=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item The FALLBACK: Keyword -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword -=back +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword -=item SEE ALSO +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword -=item AUTHOR +=item The CASE: Keyword -=back +=item The & Unary Operator -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives -=over 4 +=item Using XS With C++ -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Interface Strategy -=item "Gimme" Values +=item Perl Objects And C Structures -GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID +=item The Typemap -=item Array Manipulation Functions +=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS -AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, -av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, -get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv +MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT -=item Callback Functions +=back -call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, -FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS +=item EXAMPLES -=item Character classes +=item XS VERSION -isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER +=item AUTHOR -=item Cloning an interpreter +=back -perl_clone +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions -=item CV Manipulation Functions +=over 4 -CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Embedding Functions +=over 4 -load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, -perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv +=item Conventions -=item Functions in file pp_pack.c +C, C

, C, C -pack_cat, unpack_str +=item File Operations -=item Global Variables +=item File Input and Output -PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes +=item File Positioning -=item GV Functions +=item Memory Management and String Handling -GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, -gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv +=item Character Class Tests -=item Handy Values +=item F functions -HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv +=item Miscellaneous functions -=item Hash Manipulation Functions +=back -get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, -HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, -hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, -hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, -hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv +=item SEE ALSO -=item Magical Functions +=back -mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, -SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, -SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API -=item Memory Management +=over 4 -Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, savepv, -savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Miscellaneous Functions +=item Variables -fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, -strNE, strnEQ, strnNE +=over 4 -=item Numeric functions +=item Datatypes -grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, -scan_hex, scan_oct +=item What is an "IV"? -=item Optree Manipulation Functions +=item Working with SVs -cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS +=item Offsets -=item Stack Manipulation Macros +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? -dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, -POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, -PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN, -XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, -XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES +=item Working with AVs -=item SV Flags +=item Working with HVs -svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG +=item Hash API Extensions -=item SV Manipulation Functions +=item AVs, HVs and undefined values -get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv, -newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, -new_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, -SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx, -SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, -SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, -SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, -SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, -SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, -SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, -SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, -SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK, -SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool, -sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, -sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, -sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, -sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, -sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, -sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, -sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext, -sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nolocking, sv_nosharing, -sv_nounlocking, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, -sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, -sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, -sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, -sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, -sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, -sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, -sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, -sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, -sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, -sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn +=item References -=item Unicode Support +=item Blessed References and Class Objects -bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, -pv_uni_display, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, -to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, -utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, -utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags +=item Creating New Variables -=item Variables created by C and C internal functions +GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN -ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST, -THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK +=item Reference Counts and Mortality -=item Warning and Dieing +=item Stashes and Globs -croak, warn +=item Double-Typed SVs -=item AUTHORS +=item Magic Variables -=item SEE ALSO +=item Assigning Magic + +=item Magic Virtual Tables + +=item Finding Magic + +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays + +=item Localizing changes + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C =back -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B - Perl functions +=item Subroutines =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack -=item Global Variables +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs -PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, -PL_rs +=item Memory Allocation -=item GV Functions +=item PerlIO -is_gv_magical +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack -=item IO Functions +=item Scratchpads -start_glob +=item Scratchpads and recursion -=item Pad Data Structures +=back -CvPADLIST +=item Compiled code -=item Stack Manipulation Macros +=over 4 -djSP, LVRET +=item Code tree -=item SV Manipulation Functions +=item Examining the tree -report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas +=item Compile pass 1: check routines -=item AUTHORS +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding -=item SEE ALSO +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation -=back +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization -=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. +=item Pluggable runops -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported =over 4 -=item History and Background +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT -=item Layers vs Disciplines +=item So what happened to dTHR? -=item Data Structures +=item How do I use all this in extensions? -=item Functions and Attributes +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? -=item Per-instance Data +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS -=item Layers in action. +=back -=item Per-instance flag bits +=item Internal Functions -PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, -PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, -PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, -PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b -=item Methods in Detail +=over 4 -name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, -PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, PERLIO_K_RAW, Pushed, Popped, Open, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, -Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr, -Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs -=item Core Layers +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer -"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" +=item Exception Handling -=item Extension Layers +=item Source Documentation -":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" +=item Backwards compatibility =back -=item TODO +=item Unicode Support -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +=item What B Unicode, anyway? -=over 4 +=item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string? -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B - -=over 4 +=item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters? -=item Co-existence with stdio +=item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings? -B, B, -B, B +=item How do I convert a string to UTF-8? -=item "Fast gets" Functions +=item Is there anything else I need to know? -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B +=back -=item Other Functions +=item Custom Operators -PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), -'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) +=item AUTHORS -=back +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item To do during 5.6.x - -=over 4 - -=item Support for I/O disciplines - -=item Autoload bytes.pm - -=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program -=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS -=item Overloadable regex assertions +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv -=item Unicode +=item FLAG VALUES -=item use Thread for iThreads +=over 4 -=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops +=item G_VOID -=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads +=item G_SCALAR -=item Typed lexicals for compiler +=item G_ARRAY -=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 +=item G_DISCARD -=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler +=item G_NOARGS -=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling +=item G_EVAL -=item Cleaning up exported namespace +=item G_KEEPERR -=item Complete signal handling +=item Determining the Context -=item Out-of-source builds +=back -=item POSIX realtime support +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item UNIX98 support +=item EXAMPLES -=item IPv6 Support +=over 4 -=item Long double conversion +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned -=item Locales +=item Passing Parameters -=item Thread-safe regexes +=item Returning a Scalar -=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals +=item Returning a list of values -=item POSIX Unicode character classes +=item Returning a list in a scalar context -=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list -=item Security audit shipped utilities +=item Using G_EVAL -=item Sort out the uid-setting mess +=item Using G_KEEPERR -=item Custom opcodes +=item Using call_sv -=item DLL Versioning +=item Using call_argv -=item Introduce @( and @) +=item Using call_method -=item Floating point handling +=item Using GIMME_V -=item IV/UV preservation +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries -=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information -=item Automate module testing on CPAN +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback -=item sendmsg and recvmsg +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation -=item Rewrite perlre documentation +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C -=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles +=back -=item Document Win32 choices +=item SEE ALSO -=item Check new modules +=item AUTHOR -=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself +=item DATE =back -=item To do at some point +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API =over 4 -=item Remove regular expression recursion - -=item Memory leaks after failed eval - -=item bitfields in pack - -=item Cross compilation - -=item Perl preprocessor / macros - -=item Perl lexer in Perl - -=item Using POSIX calls internally - -=item -i rename file when changed - -=item All ARGV input should act like EE +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Support for rerunning debugger +=item "Gimme" Values -=item Test Suite for the Debugger +GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID -=item my sub foo { } +=item Array Manipulation Functions -=item One-pass global destruction +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +get_av, newAV, sortsv -=item Rewrite regexp parser +=item Callback Functions -=item Cache recently used regexps +call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, +FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS -=item Re-entrant functions +=item Character classes -=item Cross-compilation support +isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER -=item Bit-shifting bitvectors +=item Cloning an interpreter -=item debugger pragma +perl_clone -=item use less pragma +=item CV Manipulation Functions -=item switch structures +CvSTASH, get_cv -=item Cache eval tree +=item Embedding Functions -=item rcatmaybe +cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, +perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv -=item Shrink opcode tables +=item Functions in file pp_pack.c -=item Optimize away @_ +packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str -=item Prototypes versus indirect objects +=item Global Variables -=item Install HTML +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes -=item Prototype method calls +=item GV Functions -=item Return context prototype declarations +GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, +gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashpvn, gv_stashsv -=item magic_setisa +=item Handy Values -=item Garbage collection +Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv -=item IO tutorial +=item Hash Manipulation Functions -=item Rewrite perldoc +get_hv, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, +HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_assert, hv_clear, hv_clear_placeholders, +hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, +hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, +hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_scalar, hv_store, hv_store_ent, +hv_undef, newHV -=item Install .3p manpages +=item Magical Functions -=item Unicode tutorial +mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, +SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, +SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE, SvUNLOCK -=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 +=item Memory Management -=item Retargetable installation +Copy, CopyD, Move, MoveD, New, Newc, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, +savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, savesvpv, StructCopy, Zero, ZeroD -=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems +=item Miscellaneous Functions -=item Rename Win32 headers +fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ, +strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking, +sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnormal, vnumify, +vstringify -=item Finish off lvalue functions +=item Numeric functions -=item Update sprintf documentation +grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, +scan_hex, scan_oct -=item Use fchown/fchmod internally +=item Optree Manipulation Functions -=item Make v-strings overloaded objects +cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS -=item Allow restricted hash assignment +=item Pad Data Structures -=item Should overload be inheritable? +pad_sv -=item Taint rethink +=item Simple Exception Handling Macros -=back +dXCPT, XCPT_CATCH, XCPT_RETHROW, XCPT_TRY_END, XCPT_TRY_START -=item Vague ideas +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -=over 4 +dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, mPUSHi, mPUSHn, mPUSHp, mPUSHu, +mXPUSHi, mXPUSHn, mXPUSHp, mXPUSHu, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, +POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHmortal, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, +PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHmortal, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, +XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, +XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES -=item ref() in list context +=item SV Flags -=item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context +svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG -=item Compile to real threaded code +=item SV Manipulation Functions -=item Structured types +get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSVhek, +newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, +newSVsv, newSVuv, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, +SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, +SvIsCOW, SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvIV_nomg, SvIV_set, +SvLEN, SvLEN_set, SvMAGIC_set, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, +SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvNV_set, SvOK, SvOOK, +SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, +SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, +SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, +SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvPV_nomg, SvPV_set, +SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, +SvRV_set, SvSTASH, SvSTASH_set, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, +SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, +SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvUV_nomg, SvUV_set, SvVOK, sv_2bool, +sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv_flags, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, +sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, +sv_2uv_flags, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, +sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpvn_nomg, sv_catpv_mg, +sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_catsv_nomg, sv_chop, sv_clear, +sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, +sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, +sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, +sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, +sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, +sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, +sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, +sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, +sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, +sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, +sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, +sv_setsv_nomg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, +sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, +sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, +sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvf, sv_vcatpvfn, +sv_vcatpvf_mg, sv_vsetpvf, sv_vsetpvfn, sv_vsetpvf_mg -=item Modifiable $1 et al. +=item Unicode Support -=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, +is_utf8_string_loc, is_utf8_string_loclen, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, +sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, +to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, +utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, +utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags -=item RPC modules +=item Variables created by C and C internal functions -=item Attach/detach debugger from running program +ax, CLASS, dAX, dAXMARK, dITEMS, dUNDERBAR, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, +newXSproto, RETVAL, ST, THIS, UNDERBAR, XS, XS_VERSION, +XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK -=item GUI::Native +=item Warning and Dieing -=item foreach(reverse ...) +croak, warn -=item Constant function cache +=item AUTHORS -=item Approximate regular expression matching +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Ongoing +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B + Perl functions =over 4 -=item Update guts documentation - -=item Add more tests - -=item Update auxiliary tools - -=item Create debugging macros - -=item truncate to the people - -=item Unicode in Filenames +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE -=item Recently done things +CvWEAKOUTSIDE -=over 4 +=item Functions in file pad.h -=item Alternative RE syntax module +CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS, +PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set, +PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH, PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, +PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, +PAD_SET_CUR, PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE, PAD_SV, PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, +SAVEPADSV -=item Safe signal handling +=item Functions in file pp_ctl.c -=item Tie Modules +find_runcv -=item gettimeofday +=item Global Variables -=item setitimer and getimiter +PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, +PL_rs -=item Testing __DIE__ hook +=item GV Functions -=item CPP equivalent in Perl +is_gv_magical, is_gv_magical_sv -=item Explicit switch statements +=item IO Functions -=item autocroak +start_glob -=item UTF/EBCDIC +=item Magical Functions -=item UTF Regexes +mg_localize -=item perlcc to produce executable +=item Pad Data Structures -=item END blocks saved in compiled output +CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon, +pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex, +pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new, +pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef -=item Secure temporary file module +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -=item Integrate Time::HiRes +djSP, LVRET -=item Turn Cwd into XS +=item SV Manipulation Functions -=item Mmap for input +find_uninit_var, report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, +sv_free_arenas -=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion +=item AUTHORS -=item Add sockatmark support +=item SEE ALSO -=item Mailing list archives +=back -=item Bug tracking +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. -=item Integrate MacPerl +=over 4 -=item Web "nerve center" for Perl +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Regular expression tutorial +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Debugging Tutorial +=over 4 -=item Integrate new modules +=item History and Background -=item Integrate profiler +=item Basic Structure -=item Y2K error detection +=item Layers vs Disciplines -=item Regular expression debugger +=item Data Structures -=item POD checker +=item Functions and Attributes -=item "Dynamic" lexicals +=item Per-instance Data -=item Cache precompiled modules +=item Layers in action. -=back +=item Per-instance flag bits -=item Deprecated Wishes +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS -=over 4 +=item Methods in Detail -=item Loop control on do{} +fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, +PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, +Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, +Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, +Set_ptrcnt -=item Lexically scoped typeglobs +=item Utilities -=item format BOTTOM +=item Implementing PerlIO Layers -=item report HANDLE +C implementations, Perl implementations -=item Generalised want()/caller()) +=item Core Layers -=item Named prototypes +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" -=item Built-in globbing +=item Extension Layers -=item Regression tests for suidperl +":encoding", ":scalar", ":via" -=item Cached hash values +=back -=item Add compression modules +=item TODO -=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references +=back -=item Remove distinction between functions and operators +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. -=item Make XS easier to use +=over 4 -=item Make embedding easier to use +=item SYNOPSIS -=item man for perl +=item DESCRIPTION -=item my $Package::variable +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B -=item "or" tests defined, not truth +=over 4 -=item "class"-based lexicals +=item Co-existence with stdio -=item byteperl +B, B, +B, B -=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal +=item "Fast gets" Functions -=item Make "use utf8" the default +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B -=item Unicode collation and normalization +=item Other Functions -=item pack/unpack tutorial +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) =back @@ -4975,17 +5106,16 @@ NFS, rsync'ing the patches =item Why rsync the source tree -It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable +It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable =item Why rsync the patches It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour -=item Perlbug remote interface +=item Working with the source -1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3 -commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests +=item Perlbug administration =item Submitting patches @@ -4998,7 +5128,7 @@ Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter =item Elements of the interpreter -Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing =item Internal Variable Types @@ -5010,6 +5140,8 @@ Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack =item Millions of Macros +=item The .i Targets + =item Poking at Perl =item Using a source-level debugger @@ -5017,6 +5149,8 @@ Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish, 'enter', print +=item gdb macro support + =item Dumping Perl Data Structures =item Patching @@ -5028,7 +5162,20 @@ finish, 'enter', print =item Writing a test F, F, F, F, F, F, -F, F, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib +F, F, F, F, F, t/base t/comp, +t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib + +=item Special Make Test Targets + +coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind +check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third +utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 +check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty + +=item Running tests by hand + +-v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1, +PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST =back @@ -5046,7 +5193,9 @@ F, F, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree +=item valgrind + +=item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL @@ -5075,405 +5224,432 @@ I =back -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item INTRODUCTION +=back -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List =over 4 -=item PUMPKIN? +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item assertions -=item THE RECORDS +=item iCOW -=over 4 +=item (?{...}) closures in regexps -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +=item A re-entrant regexp engine -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +=item pragmata -=back +=over 4 -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +=item lexical pragmas + +=item use less 'memory' =back -=head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0 +=item prototypes and functions =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item _ prototype character -=item Highlights In 5.8.0 +=item inlining autoloaded constants -=item Incompatible Changes +=item Finish off lvalue functions -=over 4 +=back -=item Binary Incompatibility +=item Unicode and UTF8 -=item 64-bit platforms and malloc +=over 4 -=item AIX Dynaloading +=item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation -=item Attributes for C variables now handled at run-time. +=item UTF8 caching code -=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS +=item Unicode in Filenames -=item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha +=item Unicode in %ENV -=item New Unicode Properties +=back -=item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...) +=item Regexps -=item pack/unpack D/F recycled +=over 4 -=item Deprecations +=item regexp optimiser optional =back -=item Core Enhancements +=item POD =over 4 -=item PerlIO is Now The Default +=item POD -> HTML conversion still sucks -=item Restricted Hashes +=back -=item Safe Signals +=item Misc medium sized projects -=item Unicode Overhaul +=over 4 -=item Understanding of Numbers +=item UNITCHECK -=item Miscellaneous Changes +=item optional optimizer -=back +=item You WANT *how* many -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item lexical aliases -=over 4 +=item no 6 -=item New Modules and Pragmata +=item IPv6 -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item entersub XS vs Perl -=back +=item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple -=item Utility Changes +=item bincompat functions -=item New Documentation +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally -=item Performance Enhancements +=item Constant folding -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=back + +=item Tests =over 4 -=item Generic Improvements +=item Make Schwern poorer -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item test B + +=item common test code for timed bailout =back -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Installation =over 4 -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +=item compressed man pages -=back +=item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item Relocatable perl -=item Changed Internals +=item make HTML install work -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item put patchlevel in -v -=item New Tests +=back -=item Known Problems +=item Incremental things =over 4 -=item AIX +=item autovivification -=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery +=item fix tainting bugs -=item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO8859-15 Locales +=item Make tainting consistent -=item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl +=item Dual life everything -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=back -=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured +=item Vague things -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=over 4 -=item Mac OS X +=item threads -=item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130 +=item POSIX memory footprint -=item Solaris 2.5 +=item Optimize away @_ -=item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests +=item switch ops -=item UNICOS +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program -=item UNICOS/mk +=item A decent benchmark -=item UTS +=item readpipe(LIST) -=item VMS +=item Self ties -=item Win32 +=back -=item XML::Parser not working +=back -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +=head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format. -=item z/OS (OS/390) +=over 4 -=item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item OPTIONS -=item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty +B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f> +I, B<-q> I, B<-T>, B<-d> +I, B<-o> I, B<-M> I, +B<-w> I or B<-w> I

tag +=item SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT + +B, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B + =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS =item DEBUGGING @@ -9679,10 +11825,11 @@ the tag =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, B +B, B, B Return the script +name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B =item USING NPH SCRIPTS @@ -9764,7 +11911,7 @@ other) error log =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS -=item CHANGE LOG +=item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM =item AUTHORS @@ -9928,6 +12075,8 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =item SYNOPSIS +=item STATUS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 @@ -10077,11 +12226,27 @@ module =back +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES + +=over 4 + +=item $Carp::CarpLevel + +=item $Carp::MaxEvalLen + +=item $Carp::MaxArgLen + +=item $Carp::MaxArgNums + +=item $Carp::Verbose + +=back + =item BUGS =back -=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside +=head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree @@ -10136,6 +12301,103 @@ Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 =back +=head2 Compress::Zlib - Interface to zlib compression library + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item DEFLATE + +=over 4 + +=item B<($d, $status) = deflateInit( [OPT] )> + +B<-Level>, B<-Method>, B<-WindowBits>, B<-MemLevel>, B<-Strategy>, +B<-Dictionary>, B<-Bufsize> + +=item B<($out, $status) = $d-Edeflate($buffer)> + +=item B<($out, $status) = $d-Eflush([flush_type])> + +=item B<$status = $d-EdeflateParams([OPT])> + +B<-Level>, B<-Strategy> + +=item B<$d-Edict_adler()> + +=item B<$d-Emsg()> + +=item B<$d-Etotal_in()> + +=item B<$d-Etotal_out()> + +=item Example + +=back + +=item INFLATE + +=over 4 + +=item B<($i, $status) = inflateInit()> + +B<-WindowBits>, B<-Bufsize>, B<-Dictionary> + +=item B<($out, $status) = $i-Einflate($buffer)> + +=item B<$status = $i-EinflateSync($buffer)> + +=item B<$i-Edict_adler()> + +=item B<$i-Emsg()> + +=item B<$i-Etotal_in()> + +=item B<$i-Etotal_out()> + +=item Example + +=back + +=item COMPRESS/UNCOMPRESS + +B<$dest = compress($source [, $level] ) ;>, B<$dest = uncompress($source) +;> + +=item GZIP INTERFACE + +B<$gz = gzopen(filename or filehandle, mode)>, B<$bytesread = +$gz-Egzread($buffer [, $size]) ;>, B<$bytesread = +$gz-Egzreadline($line) ;>, B<$byteswritten = $gz-Egzwrite($buffer) +;>, B<$status = $gz-Egzflush($flush) ;>, B<$status = $gz-Egzeof() +;>, B<$gz-Egzclose>, B<$gz-Egzsetparams($level, $strategy>, +B<$level>, B<$strategy>, B<$gz-Egzerror>, B<$gzerrno> + +=over 4 + +=item Examples + +=item Compress::Zlib::memGzip + +=item Compress::Zlib::memGunzip + +=back + +=item CHECKSUM FUNCTIONS + +=item ACCESSING ZIP FILES + +=item CONSTANTS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item MODIFICATION HISTORY + +=back + =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information =over 4 @@ -10144,7 +12406,7 @@ Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 =item DESCRIPTION -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names) =item EXAMPLE @@ -10167,8 +12429,7 @@ C, C =item b -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, C =item c @@ -10182,83 +12443,88 @@ C, C, C =item d -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, @@ -10267,12 +12533,13 @@ C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C =item e @@ -10289,19 +12556,21 @@ C =item g -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C =item h -C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C =item i @@ -10323,12 +12592,16 @@ C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C =item k @@ -10352,8 +12625,9 @@ C, C =item M -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C =item n @@ -10377,8 +12651,8 @@ C, C C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C =item q @@ -10399,16 +12673,19 @@ C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C =item t @@ -10421,23 +12698,27 @@ C C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C =item v C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C =item x -C, C +C =item y @@ -10453,6 +12734,18 @@ C, C =back +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +dynamic, nonxs, static + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory =over 4 @@ -10465,7 +12758,7 @@ C, C =item getcwd and friends -getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd +getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd =item abs_path and friends @@ -10477,6 +12770,10 @@ abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path =item NOTES +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -10518,6 +12815,74 @@ CLIENT->output(LIST) =back +=head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item What is a DBM Filter? + +=over 4 + +=item So what's new? + +=back + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item $db->Filter_Push() + +=item $db->Filter_Key_Push() + +=item $db->Filter_Value_Push() + +Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push + +=item $db->Filter_Pop() + +=item $db->Filtered() + +=back + +=item Writing a Filter + +=over 4 + +=item Immediate Filters + +=item Canned Filters + +"name", params + +=back + +=item Filters Included + +utf8, encode, compress, int32, null + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Maintain Round Trip Integrity + +=item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file. + +=back + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x =over 4 @@ -10678,22 +13043,6 @@ Dumper(I) =item Configuration Variables or Methods -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useperl I $I->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I $I->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deparse I $I->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>) - =item Exports Dumper @@ -10704,6 +13053,12 @@ Dumper =item BUGS +=over 4 + +=item NOTE + +=back + =item AUTHOR =item VERSION @@ -10732,7 +13087,7 @@ Dumper =back -=head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability +=head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability =over 4 @@ -10742,13 +13097,45 @@ Dumper =over 4 +=item Why use ppport.h? + +You should use F in modern code so that your code will work +with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, without significant +additional work. + +=item How to use ppport.h + +=item Running ppport.h + +=back + +=item FUNCTIONS + +=over 4 + =item WriteFile =back -=item ppport.h +=item COMPATIBILITY -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item Provided Perl compatibility API + +=item Perl API not supported by ppport.h + +perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, +perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, +perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004_04, perl 5.004 + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT =item SEE ALSO @@ -10814,7 +13201,7 @@ Dumper =back -=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests +=head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests =over 4 @@ -10827,8 +13214,12 @@ I, I, I =item OO INTERFACE $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = -Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), -$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, +$ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( +$data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, +$ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest + +=item Digest speed =item SEE ALSO @@ -10850,8 +13241,9 @@ md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) =item METHODS -$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), -$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), +$md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest =item EXAMPLES @@ -10863,6 +13255,34 @@ $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest =back +=head2 Digest::base - Digest base class + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Digest::file - Calculate digests of files + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file, +$algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] +) + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles =over 4 @@ -10910,10 +13330,10 @@ compactDump, veryCompact, set, get =item DESCRIPTION @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() +@dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), +dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), +dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), +dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap() =item AUTHOR @@ -10928,6 +13348,24 @@ Perl code =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Migration from C + +=item Backward compatible boilerplate + +=back + +=item Order of initialization: early load() + +=over 4 + +=item The most hairy case + +=back + +=item LIMITATIONS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -10971,11 +13409,11 @@ CHECK]); =item Handling Malformed Data -I = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), -I = Encode::FB_QUIET, I = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode -(I = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I = -Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The -bitmask +B Not all encoding support this feature, I = +Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I = +Encode::FB_QUIET, I = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I = +Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML +charref mode (I = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask =over 4 @@ -10997,6 +13435,8 @@ is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING) =back +=item UTF-8 vs. utf8 + =item SEE ALSO =item MAINTAINER @@ -11038,7 +13478,7 @@ reference, e.g.: =back -=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* +=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings @@ -11086,11 +13526,13 @@ reference, e.g.: =item Methods you should implement --Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]) +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings --Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eperlio_ok(), -Eneeds_lines() +-Ename, -Erenew, -Erenewed, -Eperlio_ok(), +-Eneeds_lines() =item Example: Encode::ROT13 @@ -11126,6 +13568,8 @@ guess_encoding($data, [, I]) =item CAVEATS +=item TO DO + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -11192,12 +13636,10 @@ guess_encoding($data, [, I]) =item How does it work? -=item BUGS +=item Line Buffering =over 4 -=item Workaround - =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? =back @@ -11234,11 +13676,12 @@ the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, -Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN =item Miscellaneous encodings -Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back @@ -11343,6 +13786,22 @@ BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order =item Surrogate Pairs +=item Error Checking + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item In Practice + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -11369,7 +13828,7 @@ reference, e.g.: =back -=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by @@ -11391,11 +13850,13 @@ Implementation Base Class =item Methods you should implement --Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]) +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings --Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eperlio_ok(), -Eneeds_lines() +-Ename, -Erenew, -Erenewed, -Eperlio_ok(), +-Eneeds_lines() =item Example: Encode::ROT13 @@ -11432,6 +13893,8 @@ guess_encoding($data, [, I]) =item CAVEATS +=item TO DO + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -11471,12 +13934,10 @@ on Encode and PerlIO =item How does it work? -=item BUGS +=item Line Buffering =over 4 -=item Workaround - =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? =back @@ -11514,11 +13975,12 @@ the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, -Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN =item Miscellaneous encodings -Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back @@ -11569,26 +14031,26 @@ C by Ken Lunde =back -=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 +encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS - use Encode::Encoder; - # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data); - Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way - # shortcut - use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder); - encoder($data)->iso_8859_1; - # you can stack them! - encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined - # you can use it as a decoder as well - encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1; - # stringified - print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1 - # numified - encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data) +=item ABSTRACT + +=item In Practice + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item ABSTRACT @@ -11615,16 +14077,38 @@ $e-Ebytes([$encoding]) =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8 -=over 4 +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=over 4 + +=item Literal Conversions + +=item PerlIO layers for C + +=item Implicit upgrading for byte strings + +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1 -=item ABSTRACT +"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle =item USAGE use encoding [I] ;, use encoding I [ STDIN =E -I ...] ;, no encoding; +I ...] ;, use encoding I Filter=E1;, no encoding; + +=item The Filter Option + +=over 4 + +=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87 + +=back =item CAVEATS @@ -11634,16 +14118,26 @@ I ...] ;, no encoding; =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS -=back +=item tr/// with ranges -=item Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option +Legend of characters above -use encoding I Filter=E1; +=back =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl =item KNOWN PROBLEMS +literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format + +=over 4 + +=item The Logic of :locale + +=back + +=item HISTORY + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -11654,21 +14148,6 @@ use encoding I Filter=E1; =item SYNOPSIS - use Encode::Encoder; - # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data); - Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way - # shortcut - use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder); - encoder($data)->iso_8859_1; - # you can stack them! - encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined - # you can use it as a decoder as well - encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1; - # stringified - print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1 - # numified - encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data) - =item ABSTRACT =item Description @@ -11763,6 +14242,8 @@ C, C, C =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method +=item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter + =item Module Version Checking =item Managing Unknown Symbols @@ -11787,6 +14268,46 @@ C, C, C =back +=head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +new, have_compiler, compile, C, C, +C, link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags, +link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink, +need_prelink + +=item TO DO + +=item HISTORY + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows +platforms + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc. @@ -11800,27 +14321,27 @@ Makefiles etc. cat -eqtime src dst +eqtime -rm_rf files... +rm_rf -rm_f files... +rm_f -touch files .. +touch -mv source... destination +mv -cp source... destination +cp -chmod mode files.. +chmod -mkpath directory.. +mkpath -test_f file +test_f -=over 4 +dos2unix -=item BUGS +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -11840,6 +14361,14 @@ B =back +B + +B + +B + +B + =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants =over 4 @@ -11856,40 +14385,95 @@ IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF =back -C_stringify NAME +constant_types -perl_stringify NAME +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -constant_types +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER + +WriteMakefileSnippet + +WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, +BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USAGE + +=back + +header -memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT +memEQ_clause args_hashref -assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE.. +dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM.. -return_clause +assign arg_hashref, VALUE.. -switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. +return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM + +switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. params WHAT -dump_names +dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM.. -dogfood +C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre, +post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight -C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item -def_post, utf8 +=over 4 -XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +=item BUGS -autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER +=item AUTHOR -WriteMakefileSnippet +=back -WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, -BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USAGE + +C_stringify NAME + +=back + +perl_stringify NAME + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for +ExtUtils::Constant objects =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -11925,6 +14509,34 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=back + +B I + +B + +B + +_autosplit + +=over 4 + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +B + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LICENSE + =back =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules @@ -11993,7 +14605,7 @@ dynamic extensions at load time =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -12001,41 +14613,69 @@ dynamic extensions at load time =item DESCRIPTION -=item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods +=over 4 + +=item Overridden methods + +=back + +=back =over 4 -=item File::Spec wrappers B +=item AUTHOR -canonpath +=item SEE ALSO =back +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item Cross-platform helper methods + =back -catdir +=back -catfile +=over 4 -curdir +=item Targets -file_name_is_absolute +=back -path +=over 4 -rootdir +=item Init methods -updir +=back =over 4 -=item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods +=item Tools + +=back + +=over 4 -test_via_harness +=item File::Spec wrappers =back -test_via_script +=over 4 + +=item Misc + +=back =over 4 @@ -12054,7 +14694,9 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =back -perl_archive +os_flavor + +init_linker =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -12065,10 +14707,16 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive +os_flavor =back +cflags + +replace_manpage_separator + +init_linker + =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -12081,12 +14729,14 @@ canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive =item Overridden methods -B +os_flavor =back =back +B + =over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -12095,6 +14745,16 @@ B =back +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -12106,9 +14766,15 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =back -constants (o) +os_flavor -dynamic_lib (o) +init_platform, platform_constants + +const_cccmd + +static_lib + +dynamic_lib =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -12121,9 +14787,37 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item METHODS +init_dist + +=back + +init_linker + +os_flavor + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Overridden methods + +=back + =back -perl_archive_after +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix @@ -12137,12 +14831,14 @@ perl_archive_after =item Overridden methods -B +os_flavor =back =back +B + =over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -12165,15 +14861,15 @@ B =over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item Methods -c_o (o) +os_flavor =back -cflags (o) +c_o (o) -clean (o) +cflags (o) const_cccmd (o) @@ -12185,24 +14881,34 @@ constants (o) depend (o) -dir_target (o) +init_DEST + +init_dist dist (o) -dist_basics (o) +dist_basics (o) + +dist_ci (o) + +dist_core (o) + +B + +B + +B -dist_ci (o) +B -dist_core (o) +zipfile_target -dist_dir +uutardist_target -dist_test +shdist_target dlsyms (o) -dynamic (o) - dynamic_bs (o) dynamic_lib (o) @@ -12213,16 +14919,8 @@ extliblist find_perl -find_tests - -=over 4 - -=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile - fixin -=back - force (o) guess_name @@ -12231,26 +14929,28 @@ has_link_code init_dirscan +init_DIRFILESEP + init_main init_others -init_INST - -init_INSTALL +init_linker init_lib2arch init_PERL +init_platform, platform_constants + init_PERM +init_xs + install (o) installbin (o) -libscan (o) - linkext (o) lsdir @@ -12261,12 +14961,8 @@ makeaperl (o) makefile (o) -manifypods (o) - maybe_command -maybe_command_in_dirs - needs_linking (o) nicetext @@ -12301,10 +14997,18 @@ processPL (o) quote_paren -realclean (o) - replace_manpage_separator +cd + +oneliner + +quote_literal + +escape_newlines + +max_exec_len + static (o) static_lib (o) @@ -12321,12 +15025,12 @@ test_via_harness (override) test_via_script (override) -tool_autosplit (o) - tools_other (o) tool_xsubpp (o) +all_target + top_targets (o) writedoc @@ -12337,12 +15041,6 @@ xs_cpp (o) xs_o (o) -perl_archive - -perl_archive_after - -export_list - =over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -12380,33 +15078,39 @@ find_perl (override) maybe_command (override) -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) +pasthru (override) + +pm_to_blib (override) perl_script (override) replace_manpage_separator +init_DEST + +init_DIRFILESEP + init_main (override) init_others (override) -constants (override) +init_platform (override) -cflags (override) +platform_constants -const_cccmd (override) +init_VERSION (override) -pm_to_blib (override) +constants (override) -tool_autosplit (override) +special_targets -tool_sxubpp (override) +cflags (override) -xsubpp_version (override) +const_cccmd (override) tools_other (override) -dist (override) +init_dist (override) c_o (override) @@ -12414,47 +15118,75 @@ xs_c (override) xs_o (override) -top_targets (override) - dlsyms (override) dynamic_lib (override) -dynamic_bs (override) - static_lib (override) -manifypods (override) +extra_clean_files -processPL (override) +zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target -installbin (override) +install (override) -subdir_x (override) +perldepend (override) -clean (override) +makeaperl (override) -realclean (override) +nicetext (override) -dist_core (override) +prefixify (override) -dist_test (override) +cd -install (override) +oneliner -perldepend (override) +B -makefile (override) +quote_literal -find_tests (override) +escape_newlines -test (override) +max_exec_len -makeaperl (override) +init_linker -nicetext (override) +eliminate_macros -prefixify (override) +fixpath + +os_flavor + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Overridden methods + +=back + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -12467,33 +15199,79 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =back -constants (o) +=over 4 -static_lib (o) +=item Overridden methods -dynamic_bs (o) +B -dynamic_lib (o) +=back + +replace_manpage_separator + +B + +B + +B + +init_platform, platform_constants + +special_targets + +static_lib + +dynamic_lib + +extra_clean_files + +init_linker perl_script -pm_to_blib +xs_o -tool_autosplit (override) +pasthru -tools_other (o) +oneliner -xs_o (o) +cd -top_targets (o) +max_exec_len -manifypods (o) +os_flavor -dist_ci (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X -dist_core (o) +=over 4 -pasthru (o) +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Overridden methods + +xs_c + +=back + +=back + +xs_cpp + +xs_o + +max_exec_len + +os_flavor + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization @@ -12505,7 +15283,7 @@ pasthru (o) =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile =over 4 @@ -12538,30 +15316,35 @@ pasthru (o) =item Using Attributes and Parameters ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, -FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, -INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, -INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, -INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, -LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, -MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, -PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, -PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, -PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, -PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP, -TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, -XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, +EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, +FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, +INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, +INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, +INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, +INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, +LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, +MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, +OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, +PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, +PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, +PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, +VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION =item Additional lowercase attributes -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, +test, tool_autosplit =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming + +C<< MAN3PODS => ' ' >> + =item Hintsfile support =item Distribution Support @@ -12570,18 +15353,120 @@ tool_autosplit make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci +=item Module Meta-Data + =item Disabling an extension +=item Other Handy Functions + +prompt + =back =item ENVIRONMENT -PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT +PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHORS +=item LICENSE + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About +MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Module Installation + +How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without +installing it? + +=item Philosophy and History + +Why not just use ?, What is +Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no +shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft + +=item Module Writing + +How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's +this F thing and how did it get in my F?! + +=item XS + +How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter +Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same +directory? + +=back + +=item PATCHING + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The Mantra + +=item The Layout + +Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP, +bin/ + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + =back =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file @@ -12592,12 +15477,46 @@ PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +mkmanifest + +=back + +=back + +manifind + +manicheck + +filecheck + +fullcheck + +skipcheck + +maniread + +manicopy + +maniadd + +=over 4 + +=item MANIFEST + =item MANIFEST.SKIP =item EXPORT_OK =item GLOBAL VARIABLES +=back + +=over 4 + =item DIAGNOSTICS C I, C I, C I, @@ -12672,6 +15591,28 @@ new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() =back +=head2 ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item EXPORT + +=item FUNCTIONS + +process_xs(), B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B, B, +errors() + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC =over 4 @@ -12832,6 +15773,8 @@ $dont_use_nlink, symlinks =item NOTES +=item BUGS AND CAVEATS + =item HISTORY =back @@ -12844,16 +15787,26 @@ $dont_use_nlink, symlinks =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item META CHARACTERS + +=item POSIX FLAGS + C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C +=back + =item DIAGNOSTICS C, C =item NOTES +=item SEE ALSO + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -12866,6 +15819,8 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item DIAGNOSTICS + =item AUTHORS =back @@ -12886,7 +15841,9 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back @@ -12900,6 +15857,18 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =back +canonpath + +file_name_is_absolute + +tmpdir (override) + +=over 4 + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs =over 4 @@ -12908,12 +15877,16 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath() - =back +canonpath() + =over 4 +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -12932,6 +15905,8 @@ canonpath() =back +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -12982,18 +15957,12 @@ rel2abs =item AUTHORS +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back -canonpath - -splitpath - -splitdir - -catpath - =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs =over 4 @@ -13002,6 +15971,10 @@ catpath =item DESCRIPTION +tmpdir, splitpath + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec @@ -13055,6 +16028,8 @@ rel2abs() =over 4 +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -13113,6 +16088,8 @@ rel2abs (override) =over 4 +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -13143,6 +16120,14 @@ catpath =over 4 +=item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -13161,6 +16146,20 @@ catpath =over 4 +=item OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE + +B + +=back + +B + +B + +B + +=over 4 + =item FUNCTIONS B @@ -13209,6 +16208,12 @@ B =back +B + +B + +B + =over 4 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES @@ -13219,6 +16224,8 @@ B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH TopSystemUID +B<$KEEP_ALL>, B<$DEBUG> + =over 4 =item WARNING @@ -13227,6 +16234,10 @@ TopSystemUID =item Temporary files and NFS +=item Forking + +=item BINMODE + =back =item HISTORY @@ -13245,6 +16256,8 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + =item NOTE =item AUTHOR @@ -13301,16 +16314,16 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item Filtering only specific components of source code -C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">, +C<"code">, C<"code_no_comments">, C<"executable">, +C<"executable_no_comments">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">, C<"all"> =item Filtering only the code parts of source code Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'> -component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial -filters -described in the previous section. +and C<'code_no_comments'> component filter behave slightly differently +from the other partial filters described in the previous section. =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C subroutine @@ -13449,6 +16462,8 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item Object oriented interface +=item Thread Safety + =item Documentation and help texts =item Storing options in a hash @@ -13466,9 +16481,14 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always -(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +(default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help +(default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) +=item Exportable Methods + +VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage + =item Return values and Errors =item Legacy @@ -13487,13 +16507,13 @@ prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) =over 4 -=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option - =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly +=item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called + =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? =back @@ -13504,8 +16524,8 @@ supplied =back -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches +with switch clustering =over 4 @@ -13513,6 +16533,8 @@ clustering =item DESCRIPTION +=item C<--help> and C<--version> + =back =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines @@ -13537,8 +16559,12 @@ lock_value, unlock_value B, B +B + =over 4 +=item CAVEATS + =item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO @@ -13587,6 +16613,9 @@ the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) +the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function +implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... ) + =over 4 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING @@ -13601,6 +16630,26 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =back +=head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages =over 4 @@ -13613,88 +16662,93 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =item LIST OF LANGUAGES -{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : -Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], -{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : -Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : -Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : -Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : -Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], -[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : -Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, -{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : -Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu -(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak -(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : -Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : -Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : -Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : -Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, -[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], -[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : -Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} -: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : -Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, -{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : -Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and -pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], -[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles -and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : -Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default -(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} -: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : -Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, -{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, -{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English -(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : -Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : -Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} -: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : -Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, -{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, -{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), -{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : -Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : -Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : -Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, +{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : +Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : +Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, +{ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], +{am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, +{arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} +: Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : +Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : +Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} +: Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : +Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} +: Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : +Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : +Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber +(Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, +{bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : +Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : +Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian +(Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central +American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], +{ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} +: Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : +Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : +Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, +{mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} +: French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based +Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : +Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : +Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) +Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, +{dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, +{dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} +: Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : +English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English +(ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : +Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} +: Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : +Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French +(ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : +Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, +{lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, +{de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High +German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} +: Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient +Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : +Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, -{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, -{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], -{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language -Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} -: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : -Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : -Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, -{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : -Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : -Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} -: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, -{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, -{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : -Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} -: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, -{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : -Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : -Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : -Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, -{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : -Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, -{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo -languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : -Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} -: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : -Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : -Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} -: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : -Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : -Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : +{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, +{ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European +(Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua +(International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : +Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : +Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian +languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : +Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, +{kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : +Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} +: Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, +{kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, +{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, +{i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : +Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, +{kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : +Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : +Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : +Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban +(Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} +: Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, +{mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, +{mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : +Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : +Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : +Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, +[{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : +Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : +Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], +{lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple +languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, +{na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, +{ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, -{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, -{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} -: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, -{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, -{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian +{nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : +Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : +Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} +: Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : +Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian @@ -13704,34 +16758,37 @@ Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan -languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], -{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : -Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, -[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, -{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, -{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : -Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], -{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : -Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern -Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} -: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : -Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : -Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : -Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} -: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} -: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, -{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga -(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : -Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish -(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, -{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : -Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : -Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], -{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, -{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, -{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik -languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : -Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni +languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : +Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, +[{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : +Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, +{sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, +{srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign +Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : +Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave +(Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, +{sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : +Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : +South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : +Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, +{sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : +Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, +{tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : +Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : +Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, +{tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, +{ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : +Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} +: Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : +Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, +{umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : +Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} +: Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} +: Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private +Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : +Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} +: Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, +{zun} : Zuni =item SEE ALSO @@ -13771,6 +16828,8 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION +=item DEPRECATED + =back =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles @@ -13782,7 +16841,7 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO @@ -13806,7 +16865,10 @@ new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( +[LAYER] ) + +=item NOTE =item SEE ALSO @@ -13922,7 +16984,7 @@ new ( [ HANDLES ] ) add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE @@ -14010,6 +17072,52 @@ hostpath(), peerpath() =back +=head2 IO::Zlib - IO:: style interface to L + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ARGS] ) + +=item OBJECT METHODS + +open ( FILENAME, MODE ), opened, close, getc, getline, getlines, print ( +ARGS... ), read ( BUF, NBYTES, [OFFSET] ), eof, seek ( OFFSET, WHENCE ), +tell, setpos ( POS ), getpos ( POS ) + +=item USING THE EXTERNAL GZIP + +=item CLASS METHODS + +has_Compress_Zlib, gzip_external, gzip_used, gzip_read_open, +gzip_write_open + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +IO::Zlib::getlines: must be called in list context, +IO::Zlib::gzopen_external: mode '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: '...' +is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: ':gzip_external' requires an argument, +IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_read_open' requires an argument, IO::Zlib::import: +'gzip_read' '...' is illegal, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' requires +an argument, IO::Zlib::import: 'gzip_write_open' '...' is illegal, +IO::Zlib::import: no Compress::Zlib and no external gzip, IO::Zlib::open: +needs a filename, IO::Zlib::READ: NBYTES must be specified, IO::Zlib::READ: +OFFSET is not supported, IO::Zlib::WRITE: too long LENGTH, IO::Zlib::WRITE: +OFFSET is not supported + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles @@ -14020,7 +17128,7 @@ handles =item DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO @@ -14044,7 +17152,10 @@ new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( +[LAYER] ) + +=item NOTE =item SEE ALSO @@ -14163,7 +17274,7 @@ new ( [ HANDLES ] ) add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE @@ -14438,8 +17549,9 @@ general-utility scalar subroutines =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =item KNOWN BUGS @@ -14509,7 +17621,7 @@ C, C Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html, http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, -http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html =item AUTHOR @@ -14583,7 +17695,7 @@ http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html =back -=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization +=head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization =over 4 @@ -14720,7 +17832,7 @@ http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/ =item DESCRIPTION -encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) +encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str) =item DIAGNOSTICS @@ -14730,6 +17842,8 @@ Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding @@ -14741,10 +17855,13 @@ of quoted-printable strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode), +decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable @@ -14756,10 +17873,13 @@ strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode), +decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package @@ -14787,9 +17907,15 @@ ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item accuracy + +=item precision() - # not ready yet +=back =item Autocreating constants @@ -14803,9 +17929,11 @@ ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale =item BUGS -=item CAVEAT +=item CAVEATS + +stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs. accuracy() -stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow +=item SEE ALSO =item LICENSE @@ -14813,7 +17941,7 @@ stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow =back -=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package +=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package =over 4 @@ -14821,7 +17949,7 @@ stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow =item DESCRIPTION -Canonical notation, Input, Output +Input, Output =item METHODS @@ -14831,6 +17959,8 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output =item accuracy +=item precision + =item brsft =item new @@ -14845,10 +17975,10 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf() -=item is_positive()/is_negative() +=item is_pos()/is_neg() - $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0 - $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0 + $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0 + $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int() @@ -14858,7 +17988,7 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output =item sign -=item bcmp +=item digit =item bneg @@ -14882,6 +18012,10 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output =item bmod +=item bmodinv + +=item bmodpow + =item bpow =item blsft @@ -14922,7 +18056,7 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output =item copy -=item as_number +=item as_int =item bsstr @@ -14951,6 +18085,10 @@ Remarks =back +=item Infinity and Not a Number + +oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2() + =item INTERNALS =over 4 @@ -14993,13 +18131,14 @@ bsqrt(), div(), blog() =item BUGS -Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0 +broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior +5.6.0 =item CAVEATS -stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity -handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object -types, bsqrt(), brsft() +bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, +Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, +bsqrt(), brsft() =item LICENSE @@ -15017,7 +18156,9 @@ types, bsqrt(), brsft() =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORT +=item STORAGE + +=item METHODS =item WRAP YOUR OWN @@ -15033,7 +18174,64 @@ the same terms as Perl itself. =back -=head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationals +=head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item __emu_bxor + +=item __emu_band + +=item __emu_bior + +=back + +=item LICENSE + +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more +speed + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item STORAGE + +=item METHODS + +=item LICENSE + +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers =over 4 @@ -15051,20 +18249,64 @@ the same terms as Perl itself. =over 4 -=item new +=item new() -=item numerator +=item numerator() -=item denominator +=item denominator() $d = $x->denominator(); -=item parts +=item parts() + +=item as_int() + +=item as_hex() + +=item as_bin() + +=item bfac() + +=item blog() + +=item bround()/round()/bfround() + +=item bmod() + +=item is_one() + +=item is_zero() + +=item is_pos() + +=item is_neg() + +=item is_int() + +=item is_odd() + +=item is_even() + +=item bceil() + +=item bfloor() + + $x->bfloor(); + +=item bsqrt() + + $x->bsqrt(); + +=item config =back =item BUGS +inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented +except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(), +blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial) + =item LICENSE =item SEE ALSO @@ -15277,9 +18519,29 @@ Storable use =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database -=over 4 +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEATS + +=item HISTORY + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -15305,7 +18567,8 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method +redispatch =over 4 @@ -15319,6 +18582,10 @@ C, C, C =item Avoiding repetitions +=item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call + +=item Using C methods + =back =item AUTHOR @@ -15346,7 +18613,7 @@ dataend () debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), -ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh () +ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh () =item EXPORTS @@ -15405,23 +18672,23 @@ hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () =item CONSTRUCTOR -new (HOST [,OPTIONS]) +new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) =item METHODS login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), -site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) -ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME -), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ), -mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( -REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] -), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, -REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( -CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR -] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( -FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, -DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), -pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () +site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME +), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, +RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( +[ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), +put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE +] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), +size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ +BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), +stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), +pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( +SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), +abort (), quit () =over 4 @@ -15438,7 +18705,7 @@ bytes_read (), abort (), close () =item UNIMPLEMENTED -B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B +B, B, B, B, B, B, B =item REPORTING BUGS @@ -15448,7 +18715,7 @@ B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B =item USE EXAMPLES -http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz +http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/ =item CREDITS @@ -15512,18 +18779,17 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES - =item CONSTRUCTOR -new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] ) +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0 =item METHODS -user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, -PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM -[, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ -MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () +auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER +[, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities +(), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] +), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] +), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item NOTES @@ -15547,16 +18813,21 @@ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item Functions -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } -);, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, -$p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos +]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( +[ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host +[, $timeout]); =back -=item WARNING - =item NOTES +=item INSTALL + +=item BUGS + =item AUTHORS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -15575,17 +18846,19 @@ $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =item CONSTRUCTOR -new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] ) =item METHODS -banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME, -PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( -ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, -ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( -ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ -DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), -quit () +banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( +USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), +send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( +ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] +), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), +data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ +$subject ] ), quit () + +=item ADDRESSES =item SEE ALSO @@ -15961,17 +19234,17 @@ cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, -fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, -getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, -getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, -iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, -isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, -longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, -memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, -opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, -qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, -rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, -setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, +fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, +geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, +getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, +isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, +isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, +log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, +memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, +offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, +putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, +rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, +setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, @@ -15987,7 +19260,7 @@ wctomb, write =item POSIX::SigAction -new +new, handler, mask, flags, safe =item POSIX::SigSet @@ -16079,12 +19352,20 @@ name space =item DESCRIPTION -unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw +:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32 =over 4 +=item Custom Layers + +:encoding, :via + +=item Alternatives to raw + =item Defaults and how to override them +=item Querying the layers of filehandles + =back =item AUTHOR @@ -16093,7 +19374,19 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw =back -=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO. +=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO =over 4 @@ -16101,9 +19394,11 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw =item DESCRIPTION +=item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE + =back -=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl +=head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl =over 4 @@ -16111,14 +19406,19 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw =item DESCRIPTION +=item EXPECTED METHODS + $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), -$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), -$class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), +$obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), +$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) +=item EXAMPLES + =over 4 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle @@ -16127,7 +19427,7 @@ $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) =back -=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer +=head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings =over 4 @@ -16135,8 +19435,14 @@ $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) =item DESCRIPTION +=item REQUIRED MODULES + =item SEE ALSO +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors @@ -16175,12 +19481,13 @@ after =back =item Warnings -multiple occurence of link target I, line containing nothing but +multiple occurrence of link target I, line containing nothing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, -Verbatim paragraph in NAME section +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI without preceding higher +level =item Hyperlinks @@ -16204,6 +19511,8 @@ C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, C<$checker-Enum_errors()> +C<$checker-Enum_warnings()> + C<$checker-Ename()> C<$checker-Enode()> @@ -16276,9 +19585,9 @@ C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E =item ARGUMENTS -backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, -infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, -title, verbose +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir, +htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, +quiet, recurse, title, verbose =item EXAMPLE @@ -16674,7 +19983,7 @@ escape EE%sE, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back -=head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an LEE formatting code in POD text +=head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LEE formatting code in POD text =over 4 @@ -16682,6 +19991,8 @@ escape EE%sE, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE @@ -17031,6 +20342,163 @@ I|I =back +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod! + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +alt, indent, loose, sentence, width + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, +Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back + +=item RESTRICTIONS + +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod. =over 4 @@ -17166,7 +20634,7 @@ B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> =item DESCRIPTION -alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width +alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width =item DIAGNOSTICS @@ -17205,148 +20673,71 @@ Unmatched =back =back -=head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike -text - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII -text with format escapes - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item NOTES - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE - -=back - -=head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod -documentation - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item ARGUMENTS - -C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>, -C<-pathlist> - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXAMPLES - -=over 4 - -=item Recommended Use - -=back - -=item CAVEATS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - -=back - -=head2 Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in -translators. - -=over 4 - -=item HEADINGS - -=item This C a "level 1" heading - -=over 4 - -=item ``Level'' "2 I - -=back - -=item This C a "level 1" heading +=head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike +text =over 4 -=item ``Level'' 2 I - -=back - -=item LINKS - -=item OVER AND ITEMS +=item SYNOPSIS -This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", B, C, Some longer item -text +=item DESCRIPTION -=item FORMATTING CODES +=item BUGS -E, E, E, E, E, E +=item SEE ALSO -=item VERBATIM +=item AUTHOR -=item CONCLUSION +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back -=head2 Pod::t::htmlescp, Escape Sequences Test +=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format +escapes =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE + =back -=head2 Pod::t::htmlview, Test HTML Rendering +=head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod +documentation =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ARGUMENTS -=item METHODS =E OTHER STUFF +C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-section>, C<-output>, +C<-input>, C<-pathlist> -=over 4 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item new() +=item EXAMPLES -foo, bar, baz, C Cat, Sat S the>, MatE!E, 1 Cat, 2 -Sat, 3 Mat +=over 4 -=item old() +=item Recommended Use =back -=item TESTING FOR AND BEGIN +=item CAVEATS -=item TESTING URLs hyperlinking +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS =back @@ -17413,8 +20804,9 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =item KNOWN BUGS @@ -17482,10 +20874,16 @@ EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =over 4 -=item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX +=item Caveats + +=item Escaping Magic Characters + +=item Configuration =back +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -17507,7 +20905,7 @@ SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =back -=head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures +=head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures =over 4 @@ -17523,6 +20921,12 @@ SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION +=item CODE REFERENCES + +=item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY + +utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable + =item ERROR REPORTING =item WIZARDS ONLY @@ -17532,7 +20936,7 @@ SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =item Hooks C I, I, C I, I, -I, .. +I, .., C I, I, I =item Predicates @@ -17553,9 +20957,13 @@ C =item BUGS -=item CREDITS +=over 4 -=item TRANSLATIONS +=item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1 + +=back + +=item CREDITS =item AUTHOR @@ -17593,7 +21001,7 @@ C =item BUGS -=item LIMITATION +=item LIMITATIONS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -17607,6 +21015,8 @@ C =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + =back =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname @@ -17689,7 +21099,7 @@ ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED =item AUTHORS -=item LICENSE +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back @@ -17749,8 +21159,8 @@ EtabE, ^D, ^U, EdelE, EbsE =back -=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. If -no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. +=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. +If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. =over 4 @@ -17760,8 +21170,8 @@ no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. =item Minimal set of supported functions -C, C, C, C, C, $C, -C, C, Attribs, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, Attribs, C =item Additional supported functions @@ -17783,11 +21193,14 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item QUICK START GUIDE + =over 4 =item Functions -B +C, C I>, C [I<1,5,14>]>, +C sub { ... }>, C \&some_sub> =back @@ -17795,7 +21208,9 @@ B B<_to_value> -B +C + +C, I)> =over 4 @@ -17807,6 +21222,8 @@ NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS =item BUGS and CAVEATS +=item ENVIRONMENT + =item NOTE =item SEE ALSO @@ -17833,6 +21250,10 @@ B =back +B + +B + =over 4 =item Setting up tests @@ -17847,271 +21268,460 @@ B B +B + B =over 4 -=item Running tests +=item Running tests + +B + +=back + +B, B + +B, B + +B, B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +=over 4 + +=item Test style + +B + +=back + +B + +B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Output + +B + +=back + +B<_print> + +B<_print_diag> + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Test Status and Info + +B + +=back + +B + +B
+ +B + +B + +B<_sanity_check> + +B<_whoa> + +B<_my_exit> + +=over 4 + +=item EXIT CODES + +=item THREADS + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics + +=over 4 + +=item VERSION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Taint mode + +=item Configuration variables. + +C<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, C<$Test::Harness::switches>, +C<$Test::Harness::Timer> + +=item Failure + +B, B, B, B, B, B, B + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=back + +B<_all_ok> + +B<_globdir> + +B<_run_all_tests> + +B<_mk_leader> + +B<_leader_width> + +=over 4 + +=item EXPORT + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +C, C, C, C, C, C + +=item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS + +C, C + +=item ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS + +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item TODO + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item new() -B +=item next() =back -B, B +=back -B, B +=head2 Test::Harness::Point - object for tracking a single test point -B, B +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item CONSTRUCTION -B +=over 4 -B +=item new() -B +=back -B +=back =over 4 -=item Test style - -B +=item from_test_line( $line ) =back -B - -B, B - =over 4 -=item Output +=item ACCESSORS -B +ok, number =back -B<_print> - -B, B, B +=head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results =over 4 -=item Test Status and Info +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTION -B +=over 4 -B
I, B +=item new() -B +=back -B<_sanity_check> +=back -B<_whoa> +=over 4 -B<_my_exit> +=item $strap->_init -=over 4 +=back -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item ANALYSIS -=item AUTHORS +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item $strap->analyze( $name, \@output_lines ) =back -=head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $strap->analyze_fh( $name, $test_filehandle ) -=item DESCRIPTION +=back =over 4 -=item The test script output +=item $strap->analyze_file( $test_file ) -B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B, B, -B, B, B, B, B +=back -=item Taint mode +=over 4 -=item Configuration variables. +=item $strap->_command_line( $file ) -B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches> +=back -=item Failure +=over 4 -B, B, B, B, B, B, B +=item $strap->_command() -=item Functions +=back -B +=over 4 -=back +=item $strap->_switches( $file ) =back -B<_all_ok> +=over 4 -B<_globdir> +=item $strap->_cleaned_switches( @switches_from_user ) -B<_run_all_tests> +=back -B<_mk_leader> +=over 4 -B<_leader_width> +=item $strap->_INC2PERL5LIB -=over 4 +=back -=item EXPORT +=over 4 -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item $strap->_filtered_INC() -C, C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=over 4 -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C +=item $strap->_restore_PERL5LIB() -=item EXAMPLE +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item Parsing -=item TODO +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item C<_is_diagnostic> =back -=head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item C<_is_header> -=item DESCRIPTION +=back =over 4 -=item Functions - -B +=item C<_is_bail_out> =back +=over 4 + +=item C<_reset_file_state> + =back =over 4 +=item Results + +=item EXAMPLES + =item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator +=head2 Test::Harness::TAP - Documentation for the TAP format =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back - -=head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results +=item TODO -=over 4 +=item THE TAP FORMAT -=item SYNOPSIS +=item HARNESS BEHAVIOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item TESTS LINES AND THE PLAN =over 4 -=item Construction +=item The plan -B +=item The test line -=back +C or C, Test number, Description, Directive, ok/not ok +(required), Test number (recommended), Description (recommended), Directive +(only when necessary) =back -B<_init> +=item DIRECTIVES =over 4 -=item Analysis +=item TODO tests -B +=item Skipping tests =back -B - -B +=item OTHER LINES -B<_switches> - -B<_INC2PERL5LIB> +=over 4 -B<_filtered_INC> +=item Bail out! -B<_restore_PERL5LIB> +=item Diagnostics -=over 4 +=item Anything else -=item Parsing +=back -B<_is_comment> +=item EXAMPLES -=back +=over 4 -B<_is_header> +=item Common with explanation -B<_is_test> +=item Unknown amount and failures -B<_is_bail_out> +=item Giving up -B<_reset_file_state> +=item Skipping a few -=over 4 +=item Skipping everything -=item Results +=item Got spare tuits? -B<_detailize> +=item Creative liberties =back -=over 4 - -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHORS -=item AUTHOR +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back @@ -18183,16 +21793,24 @@ B B, B +When do I use SKIP vs. TODO? + =over 4 -=item Comparison functions +=item Complex data structures B =back +=over 4 + +=item Discouraged comparison functions + B +=back + B B @@ -18207,12 +21825,11 @@ B =over 4 -=item NOTES +=item EXIT CODES -=item BUGS and CAVEATS +=item CAVEATS and NOTES -Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness -upgrades +Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade =item HISTORY @@ -18220,6 +21837,8 @@ upgrades =item AUTHORS +=item BUGS + =item COPYRIGHT =back @@ -18329,6 +21948,10 @@ L =item C +=item C + +[0], [1], [2] + =item C C $listref>, C $listref>, C $str>, @@ -18439,7 +22062,7 @@ unexpand(1) =back -=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl +=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only) =over 4 @@ -18496,9 +22119,12 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =back =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably +(for old code) =over 4 +=item CAVEAT + =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION @@ -18570,6 +22196,8 @@ SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST =item C, C, C, and C +=item C + =back =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle @@ -18582,6 +22210,8 @@ SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST =back +=item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES + =item CAVEATS =item SUBCLASSING @@ -18630,13 +22260,14 @@ tied hashes =item DESCRIPTION TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR +this, SCALAR this =item Inheriting from B =item Inheriting from B -=item C and C +=item C, C and C =item MORE INFORMATION @@ -18714,22 +22345,33 @@ timers =item DESCRIPTION -gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, -$interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), -alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer, -getitimer ( $which ) +gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm ( +$useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( +$floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [, +$interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [, +$interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ) =item EXAMPLES =item C API +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item negative time not invented yet + +=item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...) + +=back + =item CAVEATS -=item AUTHORS +=item SEE ALSO -=item REVISION +=item AUTHORS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back @@ -18741,10 +22383,24 @@ getitimer ( $which ) =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Ambiguous Local Times (DST) + +=item Non-Existent Local Times (DST) + +=item Negative Epoch Values + +=back + =item IMPLEMENTATION =item BUGS +=item SUPPORT + +=item AUTHOR + =back =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() @@ -18797,12 +22453,15 @@ function =item DESCRIPTION -$obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD -), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ) +C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C, +C, C<$obj>, C, C, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<< +CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C, C + +=item EXPORTS =back -=head2 Unicode::Collate - use UCA (Unicode Collation Algorithm) +=head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm =over 4 @@ -18814,34 +22473,53 @@ $obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD =item Constructor and Tailoring -alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization, -overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName, -undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower +UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreChar, +ignoreName, katakana_before_hiragana, level, normalization, overrideCJK, +overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefChar, undefName, +upper_before_lower, variable -=item Other methods +=item Methods for Collation C<@sorted = $Collator-Esort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ecmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Eeq($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ene($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Elt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ele($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Egt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ege($a, $b)>, -C<$sortKey = $Collator-EgetSortKey($string)>, C<$position = -$Collator-Eindex($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) = -$Collator-Eindex($string, $substring)> +C<$sortKey = $Collator-EgetSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm = +$Collator-EviewSortKey($string)> -=item EXPORT +=item Methods for Searching -=item TODO +C<$position = $Collator-Eindex($string, $substring[, $position])>, +C<($position, $length) = $Collator-Eindex($string, $substring[, +$position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-Ematch($string, $substring)>, +C<($match) = $Collator-Ematch($string, $substring)>, C<@match = +$Collator-Egmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count = +$Collator-Esubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count = +$Collator-Egsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)> -=item CAVEAT +=item Other Methods + +C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-Echange(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version = +$Collator-Eversion()>, C, C =back -=item AUTHOR +=item EXPORT + +=item INSTALL + +=item CAVEATS + +Normalization, Conformance Test + +=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =item SEE ALSO -Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L +Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation +Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable +Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15 =back @@ -18859,6 +22537,7 @@ Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>, C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>, +C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>, C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)> =item Decomposition and Composition @@ -18871,6 +22550,7 @@ reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)> C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result = +checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result = check($form_name, $string)> =item Character Data @@ -18880,19 +22560,26 @@ C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>, C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>, C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion = isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>, -C<$is_non_startar_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>, +C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>, C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)> +=back + =item EXPORT -=back +=item CAVEATS + +Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping, +Revised definition of canonical composition =item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/, -http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt +http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, +http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt, +http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt, +http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/ =back @@ -18968,6 +22655,12 @@ http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt =over 4 +=item namedseq() + +=back + +=over 4 + =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion =back @@ -19026,39 +22719,7 @@ March 18th, 2000 =back -=head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions - -Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(), -Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(), -Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE), -Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(), -Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), -Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), -Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), -Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, -PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown, -Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), -Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, -SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), -Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(), -Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW), -Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), -Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID), -Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) - -=back - -=back - -=head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl +=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =over 4 @@ -19066,23 +22727,23 @@ Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) =item DESCRIPTION -=back - =over 4 -=item NOTES +=item Migration from C -=item AUTHOR +=item Backward compatible boilerplate =back -=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=item Order of initialization: early load() =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The most hairy case -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item LIMITATIONS =item AUTHOR @@ -19097,21 +22758,29 @@ don't all have manual pages yet: =item a2p -=item s2p +=item c2ph -=item find2perl +=item dprofpp =item h2ph -=item c2ph - =item h2xs -=item xsubpp +=item perlbug + +=item perldoc + +=item pl2pm + +=item pod2html =item pod2man -=item wrapsuid +=item s2p + +=item splain + +=item xsubpp =back