X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=80c463c479515b0f7e885dfaa6b8249260a580ab;hb=2975d2266cd5007c9c9ffad3ff137d0cd9a1bceb;hp=fa3c96740e07c9c94f284a80956f0f74963d4872;hpb=d722968f91639a851375cb3aeb7df128909c0779;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index fa3c967..80c463c 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -13,22 +13,12 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -modularity and reusability using innumerable modules, embeddable and -extensible, roll-your-own magic variables (including multiple simultaneous -DBM implementations), subroutines can now be overridden, autoloaded, and -prototyped, arbitrarily nested data structures and anonymous functions, -object-oriented programming, compilability into C code or Perl bytecode, -support for light-weight processes (threads), support for -internationalization, localization, and Unicode, lexical scoping, regular -expression enhancements, enhanced debugger and interactive Perl -environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library - =item AVAILABILITY =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -50,2798 +40,6304 @@ environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 20:38:02 $) -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, L: General Questions -About Perl, What is Perl?, Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it -free?, Which version of Perl should I use?, What are perl4 and perl5?, What -is perl6?, How stable is Perl?, Is Perl difficult to learn?, How does Perl -compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?, Can -I do [task] in Perl?, When shouldn't I program in Perl?, What's the -difference between "perl" and "Perl"?, Is it a Perl program or a Perl -script?, What is a JAPH?, Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?, -How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?, L: Obtaining and -Learning about Perl, What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?, How -can I get a binary version of Perl?, I don't have a C compiler on my -system. How can I compile perl?, I copied the Perl binary from one machine -to another, but scripts don't work, I grabbed the sources and tried to -compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make -it work?, What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is -CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?, Is there an ISO or ANSI certified -version of Perl?, Where can I get information on Perl?, What are the Perl -newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?, Where should I post -source code?, Perl Books, Perl in Magazines, Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW -Access, What mailing lists are there for perl?, Archives of -comp.lang.perl.misc, Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?, Where -do I send bug reports?, What is perl.com?, L: Programming Tools, -How do I do (anything)?, How can I use Perl interactively?, Is there a Perl -shell?, How do I debug my Perl programs?, How do I profile my Perl -programs?, How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?, Is there a -pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?, Is there a ctags for Perl?, Is there -an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?, Where can I get Perl macros for vi?, Where -can I get perl-mode for emacs?, How can I use curses with Perl?, How can I -use X or Tk with Perl?, How can I generate simple menus without using CGI -or Tk?, What is undump?, How can I make my Perl program run faster?, How -can I make my Perl program take less memory?, Is it unsafe to return a -pointer to local data?, How can I free an array or hash so my program -shrinks?, How can I make my CGI script more efficient?, How can I hide the -source for my Perl program?, How can I compile my Perl program into byte -code or C?, How can I compile Perl into Java?, How can I get C<#!perl> to -work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?, Can I write useful perl programs on the command -line?, Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?, Where can -I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?, Where can I learn about -object-oriented Perl programming?, Where can I learn about linking C with -Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp], I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't -embed perl inmy C program, what am I doing wrong?, When I tried to run my -script, I got this message. What does itmean?, What's MakeMaker?, -L: Data Manipulation, Why am I getting long decimals (eg, -19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?, -Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?, Does Perl have a round() -function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?, How do I -convert bits into ints?, Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?, How do I -multiply matrices?, How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?, -How can I output Roman numerals?, Why aren't my random numbers random?, How -do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?, How do I find the current -century or millennium?, How can I compare two dates and find the -difference?, How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?, How -can I find the Julian Day?, How do I find yesterday's date?, Does Perl have -a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?, How do I validate input?, How -do I unescape a string?, How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?, -How do I expand function calls in a string?, How do I find matching/nesting -anything?, How do I reverse a string?, How do I expand tabs in a string?, -How do I reformat a paragraph?, How can I access/change the first N letters -of a string?, How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?, How can I -count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?, How do I -capitalize all the words on one line?, How can I split a [character] -delimited string except when inside[character]? (Comma-separated files), -How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?, How do I -pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?, How do I extract -selected columns from a string?, How do I find the soundex value of a -string?, How can I expand variables in text strings?, What's wrong with -always quoting "$vars"?, Why don't my <: Files and Formats, How do I flush/unbuffer an output -filehandle? Why must I do this?, How do I change one line in a file/delete -a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the -beginning of a file?, How do I count the number of lines in a file?, How do -I make a temporary file name?, How can I manipulate fixed-record-length -files?, How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?, -How can I use a filehandle indirectly?, How can I set up a footer format to -be used with write()?, How can I write() into a string?, How can I output -my numbers with commas added?, How can I translate tildes (~) in a -filename?, How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?, Why do -I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?, Is there a -leak/bug in glob()?, How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing -blanks?, How can I reliably rename a file?, How can I lock a file?, Why -can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?, I still don't get locking. I just -want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?, How do I -randomly update a binary file?, How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?, -How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?, How do I print to more than one -file at once?, How can I read in an entire file all at once?, How can I -read in a file by paragraphs?, How can I read a single character from a -file? From the keyboard?, How can I tell whether there's a character -waiting on a filehandle?, How do I do a C in perl?, How do I dup() -a filehandle in Perl?, How do I close a file descriptor by number?, Why -can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` -work?, Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?, Why does Perl let me -delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber protected files? Isn't -this a bug in Perl?, How do I select a random line from a file?, Why do I -get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?, L: Regexps, How -can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and -unmaintainable code?, I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. -What's wrong?, How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are -themselves on different lines?, I put a regular expression into $/ but it -didn't work. What's wrong?, How do I substitute case insensitively on the -LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?, How can I make C<\w> match national -character sets?, How can I match a locale-smart version of C?, -How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?, What is C really for?, -How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?, -Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?, What does it -mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?, How do I process -each word on each line?, How can I print out a word-frequency or -line-frequency summary?, How can I do approximate matching?, How do I -efficiently match many regular expressions at once?, Why don't -word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?, Why does using $&, $`, or -$' slow my program down?, What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?, Are -Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?, What's wrong with -using grep or map in a void context?, How can I match strings with -multibyte characters?, How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the -user?, L: General Perl Language Issues, Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE -for the Perl language?, What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how -do I know when to use them?, Do I always/never have to quote my strings or -use semicolons and commas?, How do I skip some return values?, How do I -temporarily block warnings?, What's an extension?, Why do Perl operators -have different precedence than C operators?, How do I declare/create a -structure?, How do I create a module?, How do I create a class?, How can I -tell if a variable is tainted?, What's a closure?, What is variable suicide -and how can I prevent it?, How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, -Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?, How do I create a static variable?, What's -the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between -local() and my()?, How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly -named lexical is in scope?, What's the difference between deep and shallow -binding?, Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right?, How do I redefine a -builtin function, operator, or method?, What's the difference between -calling a function as &foo and foo()?, How do I create a switch or case -statement?, How can I catch accesses to undefined -variables/functions/methods?, Why can't a method included in this same file -be found?, How can I find out my current package?, How can I comment out a -large block of perl code?, How do I clear a package?, How can I use a -variable as a variable name?, L: System Interaction, How do I -find out which operating system I'm running under?, How come exec() doesn't -return?, How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?, How do I -print something out in color?, How do I read just one key without waiting -for a return key?, How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?, -How do I clear the screen?, How do I get the screen size?, How do I ask the -user for a password?, How do I read and write the serial port?, How do I -decode encrypted password files?, How do I start a process in the -background?, How do I trap control characters/signals?, How do I modify the -shadow password file on a Unix system?, How do I set the time and date?, -How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?, How can I measure time -under a second?, How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception -handling), Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? -What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?, How can I call -my system's unique C functions from Perl?, Where do I get the include files -to do ioctl() or syscall()?, Why do setuid perl scripts complain about -kernel problems?, How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?, Why -can't I get the output of a command with system()?, How can I capture -STDERR from an external command?, Why doesn't open() return an error when a -pipe open fails?, What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?, How -can I call backticks without shell processing?, Why can't my script read -from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?, How can I -convert my shell script to perl?, Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp -session?, How can I write expect in Perl?, Is there a way to hide perl's -command line from programs such as "ps"?, I {changed directory, modified my -environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I -exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?, How do I close -a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?, How do I fork a -daemon process?, How do I make my program run with sh and csh?, How do I -find out if I'm running interactively or not?, How do I timeout a slow -event?, How do I set CPU limits?, How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?, -How do I use an SQL database?, How do I make a system() exit on control-C?, -How do I open a file without blocking?, How do I install a module from -CPAN?, What's the difference between require and use?, How do I keep my own -module/library directory?, How do I add the directory my program lives in -to the module/library search path?, How do I add a directory to my include -path at runtime?, What is socket.ph and where do I get it?, L: -Networking, My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. -(500 Server Error), How can I get better error messages from a CGI -program?, How do I remove HTML from a string?, How do I extract URLs?, How -do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on -another machine?, How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?, How do I fetch an -HTML file?, How do I automate an HTML form submission?, How do I decode or -create those %-encodings on the web?, How do I redirect to another page?, -How do I put a password on my web pages?, How do I edit my .htpasswd and -.htgroup files with Perl?, How do I make sure users can't enter values into -a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?, How do I parse a mail -header?, How do I decode a CGI form?, How do I check a valid mail address?, -How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?, How do I return the user's mail -address?, How do I send mail?, How do I read mail?, How do I find out my -hostname/domainname/IP address?, How do I fetch a news article or the -active newsgroups?, How do I fetch/put an FTP file?, How can I do RPC in -Perl? - -=over - -=item Where to get this document - -=item How to contribute to this document - -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors - -=back - -=item Credits - -=item Author and Copyright Information - -=over - -=item Bundled Distributions +=over 4 -=item Disclaimer +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item Changes +=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. -23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, -25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=back +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) +=item L: Programming Tools -=over +=item L: Data Manipulation -=item DESCRIPTION +=item L: Files and Formats -=over +=item L: Regexps -=item What is Perl? +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? +=item L: System Interaction -=item Which version of Perl should I use? +=item L: Networking -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=back -=item What is perl6? +=item About the perlfaq documents -=item How stable is Perl? +=over 4 -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=back -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +=item Credits -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item What is a JAPH? +=over 4 -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +=item Bundled Distributions -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)? +=item Disclaimer =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Changes + +1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, +24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, +Initial Release: 11/March/97 =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, -$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? - -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? - -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? - -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. - -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +=back -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? +=over 4 -=item Where can I get information on Perl? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? +=over 4 -=item Where should I post source code? +=item Declarations -=item Perl Books +=item Simple statements -References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics +=item Compound statements -=item Perl in Magazines +=item Loop Control -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access +=item For Loops -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? +=item Foreach Loops -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? +=item Goto -=item Where do I send bug reports? +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) +=head2 perldata - Perl data types -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item How do I do (anything)? +=item Variable names -=item How can I use Perl interactively? +=item Context -=item Is there a Perl shell? +=item Scalar values -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? +=item Scalar value constructors -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? +=item List value constructors -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? +=item Slices -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? +=back -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +=item SEE ALSO -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? +=back -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence -=item How can I use curses with Perl? +=over 4 -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What is undump? +=over 4 -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +=item The Arrow Operator -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? +=item Exponentiation -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? +=item Symbolic Unary Operators -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? +=item Binding Operators -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? +=item Multiplicative Operators -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? +=item Additive Operators -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? +=item Shift Operators -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? +=item Named Unary Operators -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? +=item Relational Operators -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? +=item Equality Operators -=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? +=item Bitwise And -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program, what am I doing wrong? +=item C-style Logical And -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it -mean? +=item C-style Logical Or -=item What's MakeMaker? +=item Range Operators -=back +=item Conditional Operator -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Assignment Operators -=back +=item Comma Operator -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -20:37:49 $) +=item List Operators (Rightward) -=over +=item Logical Not -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Logical And -=item Data: Numbers +=item Logical or and Exclusive Or -=over +=item C Operators Missing From Perl -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators -=item How do I convert bits into ints? +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? +=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs -=item How do I multiply matrices? +Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, +C<<<'EOF'>, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, +C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, +C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? +=item I/O Operators -=item How can I output Roman numerals? +=item Constant Folding -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? +=item Bitwise String Operators -=back +=item Integer Arithmetic -=item Data: Dates +=item Floating-point Arithmetic -=over +=item Bigger Numbers -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? +=back -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? +=back -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? +=over 4 -=item How can I find the Julian Day? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I find yesterday's date? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? +=over 4 -=back +=item Private Variables via my() -=item Data: Strings +=item Persistent Private Variables -=over +=item Temporary Values via local() -=item How do I validate input? +=item Lvalue subroutines -=item How do I unescape a string? +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? +=item When to Still Use local() -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? +=item Pass by Reference -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? +=item Prototypes -=item How do I reverse a string? +=item Constant Functions -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? +=item Overriding Built-in Functions -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? +=item Autoloading -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? +=item Subroutine Attributes -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? +=back -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? +=back -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? +=over 4 -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? +=over 4 -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? +=item Perl Functions by Category -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? +=item Portability -=item Why don't my < FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, +bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, +chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, +mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, +msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : +ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open +FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, +open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR +: ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe +READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE +LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, +LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, +qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, +rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, +recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename +OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, +return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex +STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar +EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select +FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl +ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort +BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice +ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf +FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, +use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, +values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn +LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// =back -=item Data: Arrays +=back -=over +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references -=item What is the difference between a list and an array? +=over 4 -=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? -a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted:(this assumes all true -values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like -(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any -loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive -integers: +=item The Solution -=item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element? +=item Syntax -=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the -intersection of two arrays? +=over 4 -=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? +=item Making References -=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? +=item Using References -=item How do I handle linked lists? +=back -=item How do I handle circular lists? +=item An Example -=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? +=item Arrow Rule -=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? +=item Solution -=item How do I select a random element from an array? +=item The Rest -=item How do I permute N elements of a list? +=item Summary -=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? +=item Credits -=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? +=over 4 -=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? +=item Distribution Conditions =back -=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) - -=over +=back -=item How do I process an entire hash? +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook -=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over -it? +=over 4 -=item How do I look up a hash element by value? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs -=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? +=item REFERENCES -=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? +=item COMMON MISTAKES -=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE -=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C -=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? +=item DEBUGGING -=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? +=item CODE EXAMPLES -=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? +=over 4 -=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create -it? +=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or -array of hashes or arrays? +=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? +=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS =back -=item Data: Misc +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS -=over +=over 4 -=item How do I handle binary data correctly? +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? +=back -=item How do I define methods for every class/object? +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? +=over 4 -=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? +=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES -=back +=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES =back -=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over +=item HASHES OF HASHES -=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? +=over 4 -=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a -line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES -=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES -=item How do I make a temporary file name? +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES -=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? +=back -=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? +=over 4 -=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item How can I write() into a string? +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? +=back -=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? +=item Database Ties -=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>? +=item SEE ALSO -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? +=back -=item How can I reliably rename a file? +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=item How can I lock a file? +=over 4 -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? +=item The Guide -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? +=over 4 -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Simple word matching -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Using character classes -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? +=item Matching this or that -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? +=item Extracting matches -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? +=item Matching repetitions -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? +=item More matching -=item How do I do a C in perl? +=item Search and replace -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? +=item The split operator -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? +=back -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? +=item BUGS -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? +=item SEE ALSO -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item How do I select a random line from a file? +=over 4 -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? +=item Acknowledgments =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) +=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? +=item Verbatim Paragraph -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters +=item Command Paragraph -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? +=item Ordinary Block of Text -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? +=item The Intent -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving -case on the RHS? +=item Common Pod Pitfalls -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? +=back -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? +=item AUTHOR -=item What is C really for? +=back -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? +=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? +=over 4 -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=back -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? +=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary -=item How can I do approximate matching? +=over 4 -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? +=over 4 -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? +=item Awk Traps -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? +=item C Traps -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? +=item Sed Traps -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? +=item Shell Traps -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? +=item Perl Traps -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? +=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps -=back +Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical +Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, +Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, +Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps -=back +Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, +Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, +Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) +=item Parsing Traps -=over +Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Numerical Traps -=over +Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? +=item General data type traps -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? +(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), +(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? +=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts -=item How do I skip some return values? +(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? +=item Precedence Traps -=item What's an extension? +Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, +Precedence -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? +=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. -=item How do I declare/create a structure? +Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular +Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, +Regular Expression -=item How do I create a module? +=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps -=item How do I create a class? +(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? +=item OS Traps -=item What's a closure? +(SysV), (SysV) -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? +=item Interpolation Traps -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? +Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, +Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods +=item DBM Traps -=item How do I create a static variable? +DBM, DBM -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? +=item Unclassified Traps -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? +C/C trap using returned value, C on empty string with +LIMIT specified -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? +=back -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? +=back -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? +=over 4 -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? +=over 4 -=item How can I find out my current package? +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS -=item How do I clear a package? +=item Location of Perl -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? +=item Command Switches + +B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, +B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, +B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], +B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, +B<-x> I =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item ENVIRONMENT + +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL +(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, +PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) =back -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -18:37:57 $) +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? +=back -=item How come exec() doesn't return? +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? +=over 4 -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I print something out in color? +=over 4 -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> -=item How do I clear the screen? +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line -=item How do I get the screen size? +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> -=item How do I ask the user for a password? +=item Backward Compatibility -=item How do I read and write the serial port? +=item Category Hierarchy -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input +=item Fatal Warnings -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module -=item How do I start a process in the background? +=back -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies +=item TODO -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? +=item AUTHOR -=item How do I set the time and date? +=back -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial -=item How can I measure time under a second? +=over 4 -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? +=item use strict -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? +=item Looking at data and -w and w -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? +=item help -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? +=item Stepping through code -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? +=item OUTPUT TIPS -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? +=item CGI -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? +=item GUIs -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? +=item SUMMARY -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? +=item AUTHOR -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? +=item CONTRIBUTORS -=item How can I write expect in Perl? +=back -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? +=over 4 -Unix +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? +=item The Perl Debugger -=item How do I fork a daemon process? +=over 4 -=item How do I make my program run with sh and csh? +=item Debugger Commands -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? +h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n +[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, +-, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, +b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname +[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] +command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O +option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> +command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! +cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] -=item How do I timeout a slow event? +=item Configurable Options -=item How do I set CPU limits? +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? +=item Debugger input/output -=item How do I use an SQL database? +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? +=item Debugging compile-time statements -=item How do I open a file without blocking? +=item Debugger Customization -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? +=item Readline Support -=item What's the difference between require and use? +=item Editor Support for Debugging -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? +=item The Perl Profiler -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? +=back -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? +=item Debugging memory usage -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 -$) +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) +=item Predefined Names -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, +input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE +EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE +EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", +$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE +EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as +C, C<$&> is the same as C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same +as C, C<$2> is the same as +C, C<$3> is the same as C, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, +format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, +$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, +$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, +$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, +$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, +$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, +$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, +$OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, +$BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, +${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, +%INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? +=item Error Indicators -=item How do I extract URLs? +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? +=back -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? +=item BUGS -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? +=back -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? +=over 4 -=item How do I redirect to another page? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? +=over 4 -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? +=item Growing Your Own -=item How do I parse a mail header? +=item Access and Printing -=item How do I decode a CGI form? +=item Slices -=item How do I check a valid mail address? +=back -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I return the user's mail address? +=item AUTHOR -=item How do I send mail? +=back -=item How do I read mail? +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? +=over 4 -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? +=item Open E la shell -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? +=over 4 + +=item Simple Opens + +=item Pipe Opens + +=item The Minus File + +=item Mixing Reads and Writes + +=item Filters =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Open E la C + +=over 4 + +=item Permissions E la mode =back -=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 +=item Obscure Open Tricks -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) -=item Core Enhancements +=item Dispelling the Dweomer -=over +=item Paths as Opens -=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency +=item Single Argument Open -=item Lexically scoped warning categories +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT -=item Unicode and UTF-8 support +=back -=item Support for interpolating named characters +=item Other I/O Issues -=item "our" declarations +=over 4 -=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals +=item Opening Non-File Files -=item Improved Perl version numbering system +=item Binary Files -=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes +=item File Locking -=item File and directory handles can be autovivified +=back -=item open() with more than two arguments +=item SEE ALSO -=item 64-bit support +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT -=item Large file support +=item HISTORY -=item Long doubles +=back -=item "more bits" +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial -=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines +=over 4 -=item C allowed +=item DESCRIPTION -=item File globbing implemented internally +=item Part 1: The basics -Support for CHECK blocks +=over 4 -=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported +=item Simple word matching -Better pseudo-random number generator +=item Using character classes -=item Improved C operator +=item Matching this or that -Better worst-case behavior of hashes +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item pack() format 'Z' supported +=item Extracting matches -=item pack() format modifier '!' supported +=item Matching repetitions -=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings +=item Building a regexp -=item Comments in pack() templates +=item Using regular expressions in Perl -=item Weak references +=back -=item Binary numbers supported +=item Part 2: Power tools -=item Lvalue subroutines +=over 4 -=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes -=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions -=item exists() is supported on subroutine names +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression -=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements +=item Non-capturing groupings -=item Pseudo-hashes work better +=item Looking ahead and looking behind -=item Automatic flushing of output buffers +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking -=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations +=item Conditional expressions -=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression -=item eof() has the same old magic as <> +=item Pragmas and debugging -=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes +=back -=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" +=item BUGS -=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure +=item SEE ALSO -=item Improved diagnostics +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Diagnostics follow STDERR +=over 4 -More consistent close-on-exec behavior +=item Acknowledgments -=item syswrite() ease-of-use +=back -=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators +=back -=item Bit operators support full native integer width +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions -=item Improved security features +=over 4 -More functional bareword prototype (*) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item C and C may be overridden +i, m, s, x -=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character +=over 4 -=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch +=item Regular Expressions -=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string +cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit -=item Optional Y2K warnings +=item Extended Patterns -=back +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Backtracking -=over +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions -=item Modules +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 -attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, -DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, -File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, -podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, -pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, -Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring -=item Pragmata +=item Combining pieces together + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> + +=item Creating custom RE engines =back -=item Utility Changes +=item BUGS -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item dprofpp +=back -=item find2perl +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures -=item h2xs +=over 4 -=item perlcc +=item NOTE -=item perldoc +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger +=over 4 -=back +=item Making References -=item Improved Documentation +=item Using References -perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, -perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, -perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, -perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod +=item Symbolic references -=item Performance enhancements +=item Not-so-symbolic references -=over +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash -=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized +=item Function Templates -=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables +=back -=item Faster subroutine calls +=item WARNING -delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=head2 perlform - Perl formats -=over +=over 4 -=item -Dusethreads means something different +=item DESCRIPTION -=item New Configure flags +=over 4 -=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring +=item Format Variables -=item Long Doubles +=back -=item -Dusemorebits +=item NOTES -=item -Duselargefiles +=over 4 -=item installusrbinperl +=item Footers -=item SOCKS support +=item Accessing Formatting Internals -=item C<-A> flag +=back -=item Enhanced Installation Directories +=item WARNINGS =back -=item Platform specific changes +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial -=over +=over 4 -=item Supported platforms +=item DESCRIPTION -=item DOS +=over 4 -=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) +=item If we could talk to the animals... -=item VMS +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow -=item Win32 +=item Invoking a barnyard -=back +=item The extra parameter of method invocation -=item Significant bug fixes +=item Calling a second method to simplify things -=over +=item Inheriting the windpipes -=item on empty files +=item A few notes about @ISA -=item C improvements +=item Overriding the methods -=item All compilation errors are true errors +=item Starting the search from a different place -=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer +=item The SUPER way of doing things -=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent +=item Where we're at so far... -=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? -=item C and AUTOLOAD +=item Invoking an instance method -=item C<-bareword> allowed under C +=item Accessing the instance data -=item Failures in DESTROY() +=item How to build a horse -=item Locale bugs fixed +=item Inheriting the constructor -=item Memory leaks +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances -=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls +=item Adding parameters to a method -=item Taint failures under C<-U> +=item More interesting instances -=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch +=item A horse of a different color -=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles +=item Summary =back -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item SEE ALSO -"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet -implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, -/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed -by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape -\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class -passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too -early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s -argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a -subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: -%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled -substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, -Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector -size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check -filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", -Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, -Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't -remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't -weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class -syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, -constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, -defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean -"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective -%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for -output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires -explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, -Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: -|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal -number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: -%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid -separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in -subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs -returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing -%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", -No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", -No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time -is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, -panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing -around "%s" list, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use -"sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count -in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed -memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, -Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not -implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl -can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown -open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, -Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter -in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute -parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute -list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant -number - -=item New tests - -=item Incompatible Changes +=item COPYRIGHT -=over +=back -=item Perl Source Incompatibilities +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl -CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed +=over 4 -=item Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different +=item DESCRIPTION -Literals of the form C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed -pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, -C fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe -and socket handles, Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, -delete(), values() and C<\(%h)> operate on aliases to values, not copies, -vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic -output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves -like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype C<(*)> have changed +=item Creating a Class -=item Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms +=over 4 -=item More builtins taint their results +=item Object Representation -=item C Source Incompatibilities +=item Class Interface -C, C, C +=item Constructors and Instance Methods -=item Compatible C Source API Changes +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors -C is now C +=item Destructors -=item Binary Incompatibilities +=item Other Object Methods =back -=item Known Problems - -=over - -=item Thread test failures - -=item EBCDIC platforms not supported - -=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang - -=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure - -=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with -gcc +=item Class Data -=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run +=over 4 -=item Arrow operator and arrays +=item Accessing Class Data -=item Windows 2000 +=item Debugging Methods -=item Experimental features +=item Class Destructors -Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The -pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file -globbing, The DB module, The regular expression constructs C<(?{ code })> -and C<(??{ code })> +=item Documenting the Interface =back -=item Obsolete Diagnostics - -Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed -logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Probable precedence problem on %s, -regexp too big, Use of "$$" to mean "${$}" is deprecated - -=item Reporting Bugs - -=item SEE ALSO +=item Aggregation -=item HISTORY +=item Inheritance -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=item Overridden Methods -=over +=item Multiple Inheritance -=item DESCRIPTION +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects -=over +=back -=item Variable names +=item Alternate Object Representations -=item Context +=over 4 -=item Scalar values +=item Arrays as Objects -=item Scalar value constructors +=item Closures as Objects -=item List value constructors +=back -=item Slices +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=over 4 -=back +=item Autoloaded Data Methods -=item SEE ALSO +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods =back -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=item Metaclassical Tools -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Class::Struct -=over +=item Data Members as Variables -=item Declarations +=back -=item Simple statements +=item NOTES -=item Compound statements +=over 4 -=item Loop Control +=item Object Terminology -=item For Loops +=back -=item Foreach Loops +=item SEE ALSO -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Goto +=item COPYRIGHT -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=over 4 -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=item Acknowledgments =back =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence - -=over +=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item Class Data in a Can -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=item Class Data as Package Variables -=item The Arrow Operator +=over 4 -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket -=item Exponentiation +=item Inheritance Concerns -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object -=item Binding Operators +=item Indirect References to Class Data -=item Multiplicative Operators +=item Monadic Classes -=item Additive Operators +=item Translucent Attributes -=item Shift Operators +=back -=item Named Unary Operators +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables -=item Relational Operators +=over 4 -=item Equality Operators +=item Privacy and Responsibility -=item Bitwise And +=item File-Scoped Lexicals -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=item More Inheritance Concerns -=item C-style Logical And +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key -=item C-style Logical Or +=item Translucency Revisited -=item Range Operators +=back -=item Conditional Operator +=item NOTES -=item Assignment Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Comma Operator +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item Logical Not +=item HISTORY -=item Logical And +=back -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +=over 4 -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=over 4 -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=item An Object is Simply a Reference -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsUC, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsUC +=item A Class is Simply a Package -=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine -Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, -C<<<'EOF'>, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, -C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, -C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=item Method Invocation -=item I/O Operators +=item Indirect Object Syntax -=item Constant Folding +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods -=item Bitwise String Operators +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=item Integer Arithmetic +=item Destructors -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +=item Summary -=item Bigger Numbers +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection =back +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -i, m, s, x - -=over - -=item Regular Expressions - -cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit - -=item Extended Patterns - -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item OO SCALING TIPS -=item Backtracking +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS -=item Combining pieces together +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE -=back +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT -=item BUGS +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item DELEGATION =back -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=item Tying Scalars -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item Location of Perl +=item Tying Arrays -=item Command Switches +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, -B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], -B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I +=item Tying Hashes + +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this + +=item Tying FileHandles + +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this + +=item UNTIE this + +=item The C Gotcha =back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item SEE ALSO -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, -PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item Signals -=item Perl Functions by Category +=item Named Pipes -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=over 4 -=item Portability +=item WARNING -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=back -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, -chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, -connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, -dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete -EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, -each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, -exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, -fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, -getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam -NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname -NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, -getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, -goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, -import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, -last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, -link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, -lock, log EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK -LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl -ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd -ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module -LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack -TEMPLATE,LIST, package, package NAMESPACE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop -ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, -printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, -push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, -quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir -DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv -SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, -sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, -splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, -sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, -study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr -EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +=item Using open() for IPC + +=over 4 + +=item Filehandles + +=item Background Processes + +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent + +=item Safe Pipe Opens + +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process + +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself =back +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication + +=over 4 + +=item Internet Line Terminators + +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers + +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers + =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket + +=over 4 + +=item A Simple Client + +C, C, C + +=item A Webget Client -=over +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket + +=back + +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket + +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse + +=item UDP: Message Passing + +=item SysV IPC + +=item NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Predefined Names +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes -$ARG, $_, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, -input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, -input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, -autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", -$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE -EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as -C, C<$&> is the same as C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same -as C, C<$2> is the same as -C, C<$3> is the same as C, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, -format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, -format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, -$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, -$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, -$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, -$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, -$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, -$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, -$OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, -0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, -$BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, -${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, -%ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets + +=item Resource limits + +=item Killing the parent process + +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes + +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS + +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Storing numbers + +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions + +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations + +Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, +C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? + +=item Threaded Program Models + +=over 4 + +=item Boss/Worker + +=item Work Crew + +=item Pipeline + +=back + +=item Native threads + +=item What kind of threads are perl threads? + +=item Threadsafe Modules + +=item Thread Basics + +=over 4 + +=item Basic Thread Support + +=item Creating Threads + +=item Giving up control + +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit + +=item Errors In Threads + +=item Ignoring A Thread + +=back + +=item Threads And Data + +=over 4 + +=item Shared And Unshared Data + +=item Thread Pitfall: Races + +=item Controlling access: lock() + +=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks + +=item Queues: Passing Data Around + +=back + +=item Threads And Code + +=over 4 + +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access + +Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores + +=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines + +=item Subroutine Locks + +=item Methods + +=item Locking A Subroutine + +=back + +=item General Thread Utility Routines + +=over 4 + +=item What Thread Am I In? + +=item Thread IDs + +=item Are These Threads The Same? + +=item What Threads Are Running? + +=back + +=item A Complete Example + +=item Conclusion + +=item Bibliography + +=over 4 + +=item Introductory Texts + +=item OS-Related References + +=item Other References + +=back + +=item Acknowledgements + +=item AUTHOR + +=item Copyrights + +=back + +=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I +portable + +=item ISSUES + +=over 4 + +=item Newlines + +=item Numbers endianness and Width + +=item Files and Filesystems + +=item System Interaction + +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) + +=item External Subroutines (XS) + +=item Standard Modules + +=item Time and Date + +=item Character sets and character encoding + +=item Internationalisation + +=item System Resources + +=item Security + +=item Style + +=back + +=item CPAN Testers + +Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: +http://testers.cpan.org/ + +=item PLATFORMS + +=over 4 + +=item Unix + +=item DOS and Derivatives + +=item S + +=item VMS + +=item VOS + +=item EBCDIC Platforms + +=item Acorn RISC OS + +=item Other perls + +=back + +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions + +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode +FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt +PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec +LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, +getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, +getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, +getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, +setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, +setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, +endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, +ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, +lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, +msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, +open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, +select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, +setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, +wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS + +=back + +=item CHANGES + +v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, +v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 +May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February +1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September +1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, +v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 + +=item Supported Platforms + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS + +=item VERSION + +=back + +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES + +=item USING LOCALES + +=over 4 + +=item The use locale pragma + +=item The setlocale function + +=item Finding locales + +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS + +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems + +=item Permanently fixing locale problems + +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration + +=item Fixing system locale configuration + +=item The localeconv function + +=back + +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES + +=over 4 + +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation + +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types + +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting + +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts + +=item LC_TIME + +=item Other categories + +=back + +=item SECURITY + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Backward compatibility + +=item I18N:Collate obsolete + +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts + +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC + +=item Freely available locale definitions + +=item I18n and l10n + +=item An imperfect standard + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=over 4 + +=item Broken systems + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Important Caveats + +Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed +to enable a few features + +=item Byte and Character semantics + +=item Effects of character semantics + +=item Character encodings for input and output + +=back + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS + +=over 4 + +=item ASCII + +=item ISO 8859 + +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) + +=item EBCDIC + +=item 13 variant characters + +=item 0037 + +=item 1047 + +=item POSIX-BC + +=item Unicode and UTF + +=back + +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES + +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 + +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS + +=item CONVERSIONS + +=over 4 + +=item tr/// + +=item iconv + +=item C RTL + +=back + +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES + +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES + +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() + +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES + +=item SOCKETS + +=item SORTING + +=over 4 + +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. + +=item MONO CASE then sort data. + +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. + +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. + +=back + +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS + +=over 4 + +=item URL decoding and encoding + +=item uu encoding and decoding + +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding + +=item Caesarian ciphers + +=back + +=item Hashing order and checksums + +=item I18N AND L10N + +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS + +=item OS ISSUES + +=over 4 + +=item OS/400 + +IFS access + +=item OS/390, z/OS + +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales + +=item VM/ESA? + +=item POSIX-BC? + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item REFERENCES + +=item HISTORY + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlsec - Perl security + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data + +=item Switches On the "#!" Line + +=item Cleaning Up Your Path + +=item Security Bugs + +=item Protecting Your Programs + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Packages + +=item Symbol Tables + +=item Package Constructors and Destructors + +=item Perl Classes + +=item Perl Modules + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY + +=over 4 + +=item Pragmatic Modules + +attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, +diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload, +re, sigtrap, strict, subs, unicode::distinct, utf8, vars, warnings, +warnings::register + +=item Standard Modules + +AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, +B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, +B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, +B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, +CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, +CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, +Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, +Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, +Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, +ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, +ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, +ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, +ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, +ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, +File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, +File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, +File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, +File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, +Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, +Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, +Math::Trig, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, +Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, +Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, +Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, +Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, +Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, +Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, +Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, +Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, +Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, +Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, +UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32 + +=item Extension Modules + +=back + +=item CPAN + +=over 4 + +=item Africa + +=item Asia + +=item Central America + +=item Europe + +=item North America + +=item Oceania + +=item South America + +=back + +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse + +=over 4 + +=item Guidelines for Module Creation + +Adding a Copyright Notice + +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules + +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code + +=back + +=item NOTE + +=back + +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PREAMBLE + +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module + +=back + +=item PORTABILITY + +=item HEY + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Warning + +=item What should I make into a module? + +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground + +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again + +=item Step-by-step: Making the module + +Start with F, Use L and L, Use +L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README + +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module + +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: +1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item What is Perl? + +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? + +=item Which version of Perl should I use? + +=item What are perl4 and perl5? + +=item What is perl6? + +=item How stable is Perl? + +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? + +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? + +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? + +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? + +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? + +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? + +=item What is a JAPH? + +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? + +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, +$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? + +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? + +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? + +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. + +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? + +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? + +=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? + +=item Where can I get information on Perl? + +=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? + +=item Where should I post source code? + +=item Perl Books + +References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics + +=item Perl in Magazines + +=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access + +=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? + +=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc + +=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? + +=item Where do I send bug reports? + +=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 +16:08:30 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item How do I do (anything)? + +=item How can I use Perl interactively? + +=item Is there a Perl shell? + +=item How do I debug my Perl programs? + +=item How do I profile my Perl programs? + +=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? + +=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? + +=item Is there a ctags for Perl? + +=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? + +Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, +CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha + +=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? + +=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? + +=item How can I use curses with Perl? + +=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? + +=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? + +=item What is undump? + +=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? + +=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? + +=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? + +=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? + +=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? + +=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? + +=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? + +=item How can I compile Perl into Java? + +=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? + +=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? + +=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? + +=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? + +=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? + +=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] + +=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in +my C program; what am I doing wrong? + +=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it +mean? + +=item What's MakeMaker? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 +20:37:49 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Data: Numbers + +=over 4 + +=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the +numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? + +=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? + +=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? +Trig functions? + +=item How do I convert bits into ints? + +=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? + +=item How do I multiply matrices? + +=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? + +=item How can I output Roman numerals? + +=item Why aren't my random numbers random? + +=back + +=item Data: Dates + +=over 4 + +=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? + +=item How do I find the current century or millennium? + +=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? + +=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? + +=item How can I find the Julian Day? + +=item How do I find yesterday's date? + +=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? + +=back + +=item Data: Strings + +=over 4 + +=item How do I validate input? + +=item How do I unescape a string? + +=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? + +=item How do I expand function calls in a string? + +=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? + +=item How do I reverse a string? + +=item How do I expand tabs in a string? + +=item How do I reformat a paragraph? + +=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? + +=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? + +=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a +string? + +=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? + +=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside +[character]? (Comma-separated files) + +=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? + +=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? + +=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? + +=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? + +=item How can I expand variables in text strings? + +=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? + +=item Why don't my <? + +=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? + +=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? + +=item How can I reliably rename a file? + +=item How can I lock a file? + +=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? + +=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in +the file. How can I do this? + +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? + +=item How do I randomly update a binary file? + +=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? + +=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? + +=item How do I print to more than one file at once? + +=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? + +=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? + +=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? + +=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? + +=item How do I do a C in perl? + +=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? + +=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? + +=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't +`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? + +=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? + +=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber +protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? + +=item How do I select a random line from a file? + +=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible +and unmaintainable code? + +Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters + +=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? + +=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on +different lines? + +=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? + +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving +case on the RHS? + +=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? + +=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? + +=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? + +=item What is C really for? + +=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a +file? + +=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? + +=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? + +=item How do I process each word on each line? + +=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? + +=item How can I do approximate matching? + +=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? + +=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? + +=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? + +=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? + +=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? + +=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? + +=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? + +=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: +1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? + +=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to +use them? + +=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and +commas? + +=item How do I skip some return values? + +=item How do I temporarily block warnings? + +=item What's an extension? + +=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? + +=item How do I declare/create a structure? + +=item How do I create a module? + +=item How do I create a class? + +=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? + +=item What's a closure? + +=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? + +=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, +Regex}? + +Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, +Passing Methods + +=item How do I create a static variable? + +=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? +Between local() and my()? + +=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical +is in scope? + +=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? + +=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? + +=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? + +=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? + +=item How do I create a switch or case statement? + +=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? + +=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? + +=item How can I find out my current package? + +=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? + +=item How do I clear a package? + +=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 +18:37:57 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? + +=item How come exec() doesn't return? + +=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? + +Keyboard, Screen, Mouse + +=item How do I print something out in color? + +=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? + +=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? + +=item How do I clear the screen? + +=item How do I get the screen size? + +=item How do I ask the user for a password? + +=item How do I read and write the serial port? + +lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input + +=item How do I decode encrypted password files? + +=item How do I start a process in the background? + +STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies + +=item How do I trap control characters/signals? + +=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? + +=item How do I set the time and date? + +=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? + +=item How can I measure time under a second? + +=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) + +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? + +=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? + +=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? + +=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? + +=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? + +=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? + +=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? + +=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? + +=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? + +=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? + +=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, +^Z on MS-DOS)? + +=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? + +=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? + +=item How can I write expect in Perl? + +=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as +"ps"? + +=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How +come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my +changes to be visible? + +Unix + +=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to +complete? + +=item How do I fork a daemon process? + +=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? + +=item How do I timeout a slow event? + +=item How do I set CPU limits? + +=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? + +=item How do I use an SQL database? + +=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? + +=item How do I open a file without blocking? + +=item How do I install a module from CPAN? + +=item What's the difference between require and use? + +=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? + +=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library +search path? + +=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? + +=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 +$) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +Server Error) + +=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? + +=item How do I remove HTML from a string? + +=item How do I extract URLs? + +=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a +file on another machine? + +=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? + +=item How do I fetch an HTML file? + +=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? + +=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? + +=item How do I redirect to another page? + +=item How do I put a password on my web pages? + +=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? + +=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my +CGI script to do bad things? + +=item How do I parse a mail header? + +=item How do I decode a CGI form? + +=item How do I check a valid mail address? + +=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? + +=item How do I return the user's mail address? + +=item How do I send mail? + +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? + +=item How do I read mail? + +=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? + +=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? + +=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? + +=item How can I do RPC in Perl? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Layout + +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref + +=back + +=item Using The Back Ends + +=over 4 + +=item The Cross Referencing Back End + +i, &, s, r + +=item The Decompiling Back End + +=item The Lint Back End + +=item The Simple C Back End + +=item The Bytecode Back End + +=item The Optimized C Back End + +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, +B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref + +=back + +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PREAMBLE + +B, B, B, B, B + +=item ROADMAP + +=item Compiling your C program + +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program + +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program + +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program + +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program + +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program + +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter + +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances + +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program + +=back + +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 + +=item MORAL + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Debugger Internals + +=over 4 + +=item Writing Your Own Debugger + +=back + +=item Frame Listing Output Examples + +=item Debugging regular expressions + +=over 4 + +=item Compile-time output + +C I C I, C I C +I, C, C, C +I, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item Types of nodes + +=item Run-time output + +=back + +=item Debugging Perl memory usage + +=over 4 + +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> + +C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C + +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch + +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> + +=item B<-DL> details + +C, C, C + +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SPECIAL NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item make + +=item Version caveat + +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading + +=back + +=item TUTORIAL + +=over 4 + +=item EXAMPLE 1 + +=item EXAMPLE 2 + +=item What has gone on? + +=item Writing good test scripts + +=item EXAMPLE 3 + +=item What's new here? + +=item Input and Output Parameters + +=item The XSUBPP Program + +=item The TYPEMAP file + +=item Warning about Output Arguments + +=item EXAMPLE 4 + +=item What has happened here? + +=item Anatomy of .xs file + +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs + +=item More about XSUB arguments + +=item The Argument Stack + +=item Extending your Extension + +=item Documenting your Extension + +=item Installing your Extension + +=item EXAMPLE 5 + +=item New Things in this Example + +=item EXAMPLE 6 + +=item New Things in this Example + +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) + +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) + +=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) + +=item Troubleshooting these Examples + +=back + +=item See also + +=item Author + +=over 4 + +=item Last Changed + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Introduction + +=item On The Road + +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB + +=item The Argument Stack + +=item The RETVAL Variable + +=item The MODULE Keyword + +=item The PACKAGE Keyword + +=item The PREFIX Keyword + +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword + +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword + +=item The CODE: Keyword + +=item The INIT: Keyword + +=item The NO_INIT Keyword + +=item Initializing Function Parameters + +=item Default Parameter Values + +=item The PREINIT: Keyword + +=item The SCOPE: Keyword + +=item The INPUT: Keyword + +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords + +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists + +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword + +=item The PPCODE: Keyword + +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists + +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword + +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword + +=item The POST_CALL: Keyword + +=item The BOOT: Keyword + +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword + +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword + +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword + +=item The ALIAS: Keyword + +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword + +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword + +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword + +=item The CASE: Keyword + +=item The & Unary Operator + +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives + +=item Using XS With C++ + +=item Interface Strategy + +=item Perl Objects And C Structures + +=item The Typemap + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item XS VERSION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Conventions + +C, C

, C, C + +=item File Operations + +=item File Input and Output + +=item File Positioning + +=item Memory Management and String Handling + +=item Character Class Tests + +=item F functions + +=item Miscellaneous functions + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Variables + +=over 4 + +=item Datatypes + +=item What is an "IV"? + +=item Working with SVs + +=item Offsets + +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? + +=item Working with AVs + +=item Working with HVs + +=item Hash API Extensions + +=item References + +=item Blessed References and Class Objects + +=item Creating New Variables + +=item Reference Counts and Mortality + +=item Stashes and Globs + +=item Double-Typed SVs + +=item Magic Variables + +=item Assigning Magic + +=item Magic Virtual Tables + +=item Finding Magic + +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays + +=item Localizing changes + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C + +=back + +=item Subroutines + +=over 4 + +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack + +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs + +=item Memory Allocation + +=item PerlIO + +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack + +=item Scratchpads + +=item Scratchpads and recursion + +=back + +=item Compiled code + +=over 4 + +=item Code tree + +=item Examining the tree + +=item Compile pass 1: check routines + +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding + +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation + +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization + +=back + +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions + +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported + +=over 4 + +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT + +=item So what happened to dTHR? + +=item How do I use all this in extensions? + +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? + +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS + +=back + +=item Internal Functions + +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x + +=over 4 + +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs + +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer + +=item Source Documentation + +=back + +=item Unicode Support + +=over 4 + +=item What B Unicode, anyway? + +=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? + +=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? + +=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? + +=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? + +=item Is there anything else I need to know? + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program + +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS + +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv + +=item FLAG VALUES + +=over 4 + +=item G_VOID + +=item G_SCALAR + +=item G_ARRAY + +=item G_DISCARD + +=item G_NOARGS + +=item G_EVAL + +=item G_KEEPERR + +=item Determining the Context + +=back + +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item EXAMPLES + +=over 4 + +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned + +=item Passing Parameters + +=item Returning a Scalar + +=item Returning a list of values + +=item Returning a list in a scalar context + +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list + +=item Using G_EVAL + +=item Using G_KEEPERR + +=item Using call_sv + +=item Using call_argv + +=item Using call_method + +=item Using GIMME_V + +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries + +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information + +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback + +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation + +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item DOCUMENTATION + +L, L and L, +L and L, L, +L, L, L, +L + +=item CONVERTORS + +L, L, L + +=item Development + +L, L, L and L, +L, L, L + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CONCEPTS + +=item USING FILTERS + +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER + +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C + +B + +=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE + +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL + +=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER + +=item CONCLUSION + +=item REQUIREMENTS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item Copyrights + +=back + +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B, +B + +=over 4 + +=item The Filter + +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. + +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, +CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, +dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, +get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, +gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, +G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, +HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, +hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, +hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, +hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, +isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, +ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, +mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, +Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, +newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, +newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, +perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, +POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, +PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, +SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, +strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, +SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, +SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, +SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, +SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, +SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, +SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, +SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV, +SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, +SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, +sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, +sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, +sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_getcwd, +sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, +sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, +sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_realpath, sv_reftype, sv_replace, +sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, +sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, +sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, +sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, +sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, +sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, +sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_vcatpvfn, +sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, +utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, +utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, +XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, +XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, +Zero + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B + Perl functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, +PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, start_glob + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item History and Background + +=item Layers vs Disciplines + +=item Data Structures + +1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance +data for a particular handle + +=item Functions and Attributes + +=item Per-instance Data + +=item Layers in action. + +=item Per-instance flag bits + +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS + +=item Methods in Detail + + IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV + (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * +(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t +(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO +*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const +void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t +offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void + (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, +Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * +(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void + (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); + +=item Core Layers + +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" + +=item Extension Layers + +":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Co-existence with stdio + +B, B, +B, B + +=item "Fast gets" Functions + +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B + +=item Other Functions + +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item To do during 5.6.x + +=over 4 + +=item Support for I/O disciplines + +=item Eliminate need for "use utf8"; + +=item Autoload byte.pm + +=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work + +=item Overloadable regex assertions + +=item Unicode collation and normalization + +=item Unicode case mappings + +=item Unicode regular expression character classes + +=item use Thread for iThreads + +=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops + +=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads + +=item Typed lexicals for compiler + +=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 + +=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler + +=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling + +=item Cleaning up exported namespace + +=item Complete signal handling + +=item Out-of-source builds + +=item POSIX realtime support + +=item UNIX98 support + +=item IPv6 Support + +=item Long double conversion + +=item Locales + +=item Thread-safe regexes + +=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals + +=item POSIX Unicode character classes + +=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) + +=item Security audit shipped utilities + +=item Custom opcodes + +=item spawnvp() on Win32 + +=item DLL Versioning + +=item Introduce @( and @) + +=item Floating point handling + +=item IV/UV preservation + +=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser + +=item Automate module testing on CPAN + +=item sendmsg and recvmsg + +=item Rewrite perlre documentation + +=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles + +=item Document Win32 choices + +=item Check new modules + +=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself + +=back + +=item To do at some point + +=over 4 + +=item Remove regular expression recursion + +=item Memory leaks after failed eval + +=item pack "(stuff)*" + +=item bitfields in pack + +=item Cross compilation + +=item Perl preprocessor / macros + +=item Perl lexer in Perl + +=item Using POSIX calls internally + +=item -i rename file when changed + +=item All ARGV input should act like EE + +=item Support for rerunning debugger + +=item my sub foo { } + +=item One-pass global destruction + +=item Rewrite regexp parser + +=item Cache recently used regexps + +=item Re-entrant functions + +=item Cross-compilation support + +=item Bit-shifting bitvectors + +=item debugger pragma + +=item use less pragma + +=item switch structures + +=item Cache eval tree + +=item rcatmaybe + +=item Shrink opcode tables + +=item Optimize away @_ + +=item Prototypes versus indirect objects + +=item Install HMTL + +=item Prototype method calls + +=item Return context prototype declarations + +=item magic_setisa + +=item Garbage collection + +=item IO tutorial + +=item pack/unpack tutorial + +=item Rewrite perldoc + +=item Install .3p manpages + +=item Unicode tutorial + +=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 + +=item Retargetable installation + +=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems + +=item Rename Win32 headers + +=item Finish off lvalue functions + +=item Update sprintf documentation + +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally + +=back + +=item Vague ideas + +=over 4 + +=item ref() in list context + +=item Make tr/// return histogram + +=item Compile to real threaded code + +=item Structured types + +=item Modifiable $1 et al. + +=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. + +=item RPC modules + +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program + +=item Alternative RE syntax module + +=item GUI::Native + +=item foreach(reverse ...) + +=item Constant function cache + +=item Approximate regular expression matching + +=back + +=item Ongoing + +=over 4 + +=item Update guts documentation + +=item Add more tests + +=item Update auxiliary tools + +=back + +=item Recently done things + +=over 4 + +=item Safe signal handling + +=item Tie Modules + +=item gettimeofday + +=item setitimer and getimiter + +=item Testing __DIE__ hook + +=item CPP equivalent in Perl + +=item Explicit switch statements + +=item autocroak + +=item UTF/EBCDIC + +=item UTF Regexes + +=item perlcc to produce executable + +=item END blocks saved in compiled output + +=item Secure temporary file module + +=item Integrate Time::HiRes + +=item Turn Cwd into XS + +=item Mmap for input + +=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion + +=item Add sockatmark support + +=item Mailing list archives + +=item Bug tracking + +=item Integrate MacPerl + +=item Web "nerve center" for Perl + +=item Regular expression tutorial + +=item Debugging Tutorial + +=item Integrate new modules + +=item Integrate profiler + +=item Y2K error detection + +=item Regular expression debugger + +=item POD checker + +=item "Dynamic" lexicals + +=item Cache precompiled modules + +=back + +=item Deprecated Wishes + +=over 4 + +=item Loop control on do{} + +=item Lexically scoped typeglobs + +=item format BOTTOM + +=item report HANDLE + +=item Generalised want()/caller()) + +=item Named prototypes + +=item Built-in globbing + +=item Regression tests for suidperl + +=item Cached hash values + +=item Add compression modules + +=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references + +=item Remove distinction between functions and operators + +=item Make XS easier to use + +=item Make embedding easier to use + +=item man for perl + +=item my $Package::variable + +=item "or" tests defined, not truth + +=item "class"-based lexicals + +=item byteperl + +=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the +implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is +the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does +it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is +the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough +documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much +work?, Patches speak louder than words + +=over 4 + +=item Keeping in sync + +rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the +NFS, rsync'ing the patches, It's easier, It's more recent, It's more +reliable, It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, +Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour + +=item Submitting patches + +L, L and L, L, +F, The perl5-porters FAQ + +=item Finding Your Way Around + +Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter + +=item Elements of the interpreter + +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running + +=item Internal Variable Types + +=item Op Trees + +=item Stacks + +Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack + +=item Millions of Macros + +=item Poking at Perl + +=item Using a source-level debugger + +run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, +finish, 'enter', print + +=item Dumping Perl Data Structures + +=item Patching + +=back + +=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL + +=over 4 + +=item Rational Software's Purify + +=item Purify on Unix + +-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity + +=item Purify on NT + +DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug + +=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree + +=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL + +=item Gprof Profiling + +-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z + +=item Pixie Profiling + +-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, +-z[ero] + +=item CONCLUSION + +I + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item INTRODUCTION + +=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN + +=over 4 + +=item PUMPKIN? + +=back + +=item THE RECORDS + +=over 4 + +=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES + +=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES + +=back + +=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS + +=back + +=head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl572delta, perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Security Vulnerability Closed + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=item Future Deprecations + +=item Core Enhancements + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata + +=back + +=item Performance Enhancements + +=item Utility Changes + +=item New Documentation + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item New Or Improved Platforms + +=item Generic Improvements + +=back + +=item Selected Bug Fixes + +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +=item Changed Internals + +=over 4 + +=item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up + +=back + +=item New Tests + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl + +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item lib/b test 19 + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item sigaction test 13 in VMS + +=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 + +=item Failure of Thread tests + +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory + +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=back + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Security Vulnerability Closed + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=item Core Enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable + +=item PerlIO is Now The Default + +=item Signals Are Now Safe + +=back + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata + +=back + +=item Performance Enhancements + +=item Utility Changes + +=item New Documentation + +=over 4 + +=item perlclib + +=item perliol + +=item README.aix + +=item README.bs2000 + +=item README.macos + +=item README.mpeix + +=item README.solaris + +=item README.vos + +=item Porting/repository.pod + +=back + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item New Or Improved Platforms + +=item Generic Improvements + +d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, +need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, +d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep + +=back + +=item Selected Bug Fixes + +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +=item Changed Internals + +=item New Tests + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl + +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item lib/b test 19 + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item sigaction test 13 in VMS + +=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 + +=item Failure of Thread tests + +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory + +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=back + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Security Vulnerability Closed + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=item Core Enhancements + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=item New Documentation + +=item Performance Enhancements + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item Generic Improvements + +=back + +=item Selected Bug Fixes + +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +=item Changed Internals + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect + +=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item Storable tests fail in some platforms + +=item Threads Are Still Experimental + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=back + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Core Enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency + +=item Lexically scoped warning categories + +=item Unicode and UTF-8 support + +=item Support for interpolating named characters + +=item "our" declarations + +=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals + +=item Improved Perl version numbering system + +=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes + +=item File and directory handles can be autovivified + +=item open() with more than two arguments + +=item 64-bit support + +=item Large file support + +=item Long doubles + +=item "more bits" + +=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines + +=item C allowed + +=item File globbing implemented internally + +=item Support for CHECK blocks + +=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported + +=item Better pseudo-random number generator + +=item Improved C operator + +=item Better worst-case behavior of hashes + +=item pack() format 'Z' supported + +=item pack() format modifier '!' supported + +=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings + +=item Comments in pack() templates + +=item Weak references + +=item Binary numbers supported + +=item Lvalue subroutines + +=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references + +=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues + +=item exists() is supported on subroutine names + +=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements + +=item Pseudo-hashes work better + +=item Automatic flushing of output buffers + +=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations + +=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle + +=item eof() has the same old magic as <> + +=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes + +=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" + +=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure + +=item Improved diagnostics + +=item Diagnostics follow STDERR + +=item More consistent close-on-exec behavior + +=item syswrite() ease-of-use + +=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators + +=item Bit operators support full native integer width + +=item Improved security features + +=item More functional bareword prototype (*) + +=item C and C may be overridden + +=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character + +=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch + +=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string + +=item Optional Y2K warnings + +=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings + +=back + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item Modules + +attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, +DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, +Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, +File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, +Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, +podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, +pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, +Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters + +=item Pragmata + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=over 4 + +=item dprofpp + +=item find2perl + +=item h2xs + +=item perlcc + +=item perldoc + +=item The Perl Debugger + +=back + +=item Improved Documentation + +perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, +perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, +perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, +perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod + +=item Performance enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized + +=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables + +=item Faster subroutine calls + +=item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster + +=back + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item -Dusethreads means something different + +=item New Configure flags + +=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring + +=item Long Doubles + +=item -Dusemorebits + +=item -Duselargefiles + +=item installusrbinperl + +=item SOCKS support + +=item C<-A> flag + +=item Enhanced Installation Directories + +=back + +=item Platform specific changes + +=over 4 + +=item Supported platforms + +=item DOS + +=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) + +=item VMS + +=item Win32 + +=back + +=item Significant bug fixes + +=over 4 + +=item on empty files + +=item C improvements + +=item All compilation errors are true errors + +=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer + +=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent + +=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> + +=item C and AUTOLOAD + +=item C<-bareword> allowed under C + +=item Failures in DESTROY() + +=item Locale bugs fixed + +=item Memory leaks + +=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls + +=item Taint failures under C<-U> + +=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch + +=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet +implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, +/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed +by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape +\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class +passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too +early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s +argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a +subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: +%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled +substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, +Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector +size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", +Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, +Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't +remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't +weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class +syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, +constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, +defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean +"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective +%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for +output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires +explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, +Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: +|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal +number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: +%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid +separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in +subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs +returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing +%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", +No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", +No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time +is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, +panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing +around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, +Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" +instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, +Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, +Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on +zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This +Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL +environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode +'%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized +escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute +list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in +subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of +CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number + +=item New tests + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=over 4 + +=item Perl Source Incompatibilities + +CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, +Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form +C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number +generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C fails on +read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, +Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(), +values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, +Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, +Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword +prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed +on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results + +=item C Source Incompatibilities + +C, C, C + +=item Compatible C Source API Changes + +C is now C + +=item Binary Incompatibilities + +=back + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item Thread test failures + +=item EBCDIC platforms not supported + +=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang + +=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure + +=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with +gcc + +=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run + +=item Arrow operator and arrays + +=item Experimental features + +Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The +pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file +globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs: + +=back + +=item Obsolete Diagnostics + +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed +logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as +\@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$" +to mean "${$}" is deprecated + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item About the new versioning system + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=over 4 + +=item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004. + +=item Default installation structure has changed + +=item Perl Source Compatibility + +=item C Source Compatibility + +=item Binary Compatibility + +=item Security fixes may affect compatibility + +=item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004 + +=item Licensing + +=back + +=item Core Changes + +=over 4 + +=item Threads + +=item Compiler + +=item Regular Expressions + +Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression +constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other +improvements, Incompatible changes + +=item Improved malloc() + +=item Quicksort is internally implemented + +=item Reliable signals + +=item Reliable stack pointers + +=item More generous treatment of carriage returns + +=item Memory leaks + +=item Better support for multiple interpreters + +=item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined + +=item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L module + +=item Pseudo-hashes are supported + +=item C is supported + +=item Keywords can be globally overridden + +=item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32 + +=item C optimized + +=item C can be used as implicitly quoted package name + +=item C tests existence of a package + +=item Better locale support + +=item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms + +=item prototype() returns useful results on builtins + +=item Extended support for exception handling + +=item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods + +=item All C format conversions are handled internally + +=item New C keyword + +=item New C keyword + +=item New C operator + +=item C is now a reserved word + +=item Tied arrays are now fully supported -=item Error Indicators +=item Tied handles support is better -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +=item 4th argument to substr -=back +=item Negative LENGTH argument to splice -=item BUGS +=item Magic lvalues are now more magical -=back +=item <> now reads in records -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=back -=over +=item Supported Platforms -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item New Platforms -=over +=item Changes in existing support -=item Private Variables via my() +=back -=item Persistent Private Variables +=item Modules and Pragmata -=item Temporary Values via local() +=over 4 -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item New Modules -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, +ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, +Thread, attrs, fields, re -=item When to Still Use local() +=item Changes in existing modules -1. You need to give a global variable a temporary value, especially $_, 2. -You need to create a local file or directory handle or a local function, 3. -You want to temporarily change just one element of an array or hash +Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, +MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd -=item Pass by Reference +=back -=item Prototypes +=item Utility Changes -=item Constant Functions +=item Documentation Changes + +=item New Diagnostics + +Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index +while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent +package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't +goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, +Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber +for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character +class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in +insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: +Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming +package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such +field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously +large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance +detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized +list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word +"%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=item Obsolete Diagnostics -=item Autoloading +Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open +temporary file, regexp too big -=item Subroutine Attributes +=item Configuration Changes -=back +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item Supported Environments -=item Packages +=item Core Changes -=item Symbol Tables +=over 4 -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=item List assignment to %ENV works -=item Perl Classes +=item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error -=item Perl Modules +=item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003 -=back +=item $PERL5OPT environment variable -=item SEE ALSO +=item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options -=back +=item More precise warnings -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=item Deprecated: Inherited C for non-methods -=over +=item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +=item Group vector changeable with C<$)> -=over +=item Fixed parsing of $$, &$, etc. -=item Pragmatic Modules +=item Fixed localization of $, $&, etc. -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, caller, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, lib, locale, ops, overload, -re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings +=item No resetting of $. on implicit close -=item Standard Modules +=item C may return undef -AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, -B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, -CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, -CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, -Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, -Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, -ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, -ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, -ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, -ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, -File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, -File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, -File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, -Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, -IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, -IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Msg, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::Semaphore, -IPC::SysV, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, -Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, -Opcode, POSIX, Pod::Checker, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, -Pod::Parser, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Usage, -SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, -Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, -Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords, -Text::Soundex, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, -Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, -Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent +=item C determines value of EXPR in scalar context -=item Extension Modules +=item Changes to tainting checks -=back +No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No +spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name -=item CPAN +=item New Opcode module and revised Safe module -Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating -System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess -Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces, -User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages, -File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String -Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching, Option, -Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing, -Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security, and Encryption, -World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities, -Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, -and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and -exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities, -Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe, -North America, South America +=item Embedding improvements -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes -=over +=item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=item New and changed syntax -Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new -module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select -what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?, -README and other Additional Files, A description of the -module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites -- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to -Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release, -especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in -the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a -version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take -care when changing a released module +$coderef->(PARAMS) -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=item New and changed builtin constants -There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications, -Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started, -Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from ' -to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes +__PACKAGE__ -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=item New and changed builtin variables -Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many -applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the -reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity -to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application' -can then be reduced to a small +$^E, $^H, $^M -=back +=item New and changed builtin functions -=item NOTE +delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in +Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module +VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C does not +reset search position on failure, C ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, +nested C closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals -=back +=item New builtin methods -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=over +=item TIEHANDLE now supported -=item DESCRIPTION +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this +LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this -=over +=item Malloc enhancements -=item PREAMBLE +-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements =back -=item HEY +=item Support for More Operating Systems -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Win32 -=back +=item Plan 9 -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation +=item QNX -=over +=item AmigaOS -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Pragmata -=over +use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use +constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes +=item Modules -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets +=over 4 -=item Resource limits +=item Required Updates -=item Killing the parent process +=item Installation directories -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item Module information summary -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item Fcntl -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item IO -=back +=item Math::Complex -=item BUGS +=item Math::Trig -=item AUTHOR +=item DB_File -=item SEE ALSO +=item Net::Ping + +=item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators =back -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item Utility Changes -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item pod2html -=over +Sends converted HTML to standard output -=item Format Variables +=item xsubpp + +C XSUBs now default to returning nothing =back -=item NOTES +=item C Language API Changes -=over +C and C, C, Extended API for +manipulating hashes -=item Footers +=item Documentation Changes -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +L, L, L, L, L, +L, L, L -=back +=item New Diagnostics -=item WARNINGS +"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is +not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too +large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free +nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, +Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort +subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in +use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant +subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did +not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too +long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: +%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, +internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type +in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once: +possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of +memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible +attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words +with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found +while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>" +option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized +character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$" to mean +"${$}" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), +Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, +Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, +Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too +long, Process terminated by SIG%s + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES +=over 4 -=item USING LOCALES +=item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX -=over +=item OS level -=item The use locale pragma +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX -=item The setlocale function +=item The IBM ANSI C Compiler -=item Finding locales +=item Using GNU's gcc for building perl -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=item Using Large Files with Perl -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=item Threaded Perl -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=item 64-bit Perl -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=item GDBM and Threads -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) -=item The localeconv function +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE =back -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS -=over +=over 4 -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item AUTHOR -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=back -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS -=item LC_TIME +=over 4 -=item Other categories +=item SYNOPSIS =back -=item SECURITY +=over 4 -B (C, C, C, C and C):, -B (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>), -B (C):, B (C):, -B (printf() and write()):, B (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B (localeconv(), strcoll(),strftime(), strxfrm()):, B (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(),isgraph(), -islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(), -isxdigit()): +=item DESCRIPTION -=item ENVIRONMENT +=over 4 -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG +=item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS -=item NOTES +B, B -=over +=item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS -=item Backward compatibility +=item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +fork(), some features of the UNIX filesystem regarding link count and file +dates, inplace operation (the -i switch) without backup file, umask() +works, but the correct permissions are only set when the file is +finally close()d -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +=back -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=item INSTALLATION -=item Freely available locale definitions +=item Accessing documentation -=item I18n and l10n +=over 4 -=item An imperfect standard +=item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS + +=item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS + +=item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS =back -=item BUGS +=item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS -=over +=over 4 -=item Broken systems +=item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS + +=item Making Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Testing Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS =back +=item AUTHORS + =item SEE ALSO -=item HISTORY +=back + +=head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item General Issues with Perl on BeOS + +=item BeOS Release-specific Notes + +R4 x86, R4 PPC + +=item Contact Information =back -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=back -=over +=head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000. -=item NOTE +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Making References +=item gzip on BS2000 -=item Using References +=item bison on BS2000 -=item Symbolic references +=item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000 -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item Compiling Perl on BS2000 -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item Testing Perl on BS2000 -=item Function Templates +=item Installing Perl on BS2000 + +=item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000 + +=item Using Perl in "native" BS2000 + +=item Floating point anomalies on BS2000 =back -=item WARNING +=item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list + =back -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=item HISTORY -=over +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=over 4 -=item The Solution +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Syntax +=item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN -=over +=over 4 -=item Making References +=item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it) -=item Using References +=item Cygwin Configuration + +C, I, Permissions =back -=item An Example +=item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN -=item Arrow Rule +=over 4 -=item Solution +=item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin -=item The Rest +=item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin -=item Summary +C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C), C<-ldb> (C), +C<-lcygipc> (C) -=item Credits +=item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin -=over +C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>, +C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles> -=item Distribution Conditions +=item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin -=back +I, Win9x and C, Compiler/Preprocessor defines =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook - -=over +=item MAKE ON CYGWIN -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +=item Warnings on Cygwin -=item REFERENCES +=item ld2 on Cygwin -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=back -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +=item TEST ON CYGWIN -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C +=over 4 -=item DEBUGGING +=item File Permissions on Cygwin -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Hard Links on Cygwin -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +=item Filetime Granularity on Cygwin -=over +=item Tainting Checks on Cygwin -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item /etc/group on Cygwin -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Script Portability on Cygwin -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous =back -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS - -=over +=item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl +Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item BUGS ON CYGWIN -=back +=item AUTHORS -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item HISTORY -=over +=back -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX. -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=over 4 -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item SYNOPSIS =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=over 4 -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES +=item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=over 4 -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX -=back +=item Threaded Perl on DG/UX -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item Testing Perl on DG/UX -=over +=item Installing the built perl on DG/UX -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=back -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item AUTHOR -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Database Ties +=head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SEE ALSO +=item INTRODUCTION -=item AUTHOR +=item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC -=back +=item STARTING PERL ON EPOC -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC -=over +=item USING PERL ON EPOC -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +=item I/O Redirection on Epoc -=item Growing Your Own +=item PATH Names on Epoc -=item Access and Printing +=item Editors on Epoc -=item Slices +=item Features of Perl on Epoc -=item SEE ALSO +=item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc -=item AUTHOR +=item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment =back -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial - -=over +=item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR -=over +=item LAST UPDATE -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=back -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix +(HP-UX) systems -=item Invoking a barnyard +=over 4 -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=over 4 -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item PA-RISC -=item Overriding the methods +=item PA-RISC 1.0 -=item Starting the search from a different place +=item PA-RISC 1.1 -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=item PA-RISC 2.0 -=item Where we're at so far... +=item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX -=item Invoking an instance method +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX -=item Accessing the instance data +=item The HP ANSI C Compiler -=item How to build a horse +=item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX -=item Inheriting the constructor +=item Threaded Perl on HP-UX -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX -=item More interesting instances +=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX -=item A horse of a different color +=item perl -P and // and HP-UX -=item Summary +=item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DATE =back -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Creating a Class +=over 4 -=over +=item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd -=item Object Representation +=back -=item Class Interface +=item AUTHOR -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=back -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen +systems -=item Destructors +=over 4 -=item Other Object Methods +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item Class Data +=item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen -=over +=item Failures during C on MachTen -=item Accessing Class Data +op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t -=item Debugging Methods +=item Building external modules on MachTen -=item Class Destructors +=back -=item Documenting the Interface +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE =back -=item Aggregation +=head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic) -=item Inheritance +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Overridden Methods +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item AUTHOR -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item DATE =back -=item Alternate Object Representations +=head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT -=over +=over 4 -=item Arrays as Objects +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Closures as Objects +=item Known problems with Perl on MiNT + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE -=over +=over 4 -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +=item NOTE -=back +=item What's New in Perl ffor MPE/iX -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item Welcome to Perl/iX -=over +=item System Requirements for Perl/iX -=item Class::Struct +=item How to Obtain Perl/iX -=item Data Members as Variables +=item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights -=item NOTES +README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, +public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe -=item Object Terminology +=item How to Compile Perl/iX -=back + 4, 6 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Getting Started with Perl/iX -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation -=over +=item Perl/iX To-Do List -=item Acknowledgments +=item Perl/iX Change History -=back +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT. -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Inheritance Concerns +=over 4 -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +=item Target -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=item Other OSes -=item Monadic Classes +=item Prerequisites -=item Translucent Attributes +EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh -=back +=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...) -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl -=over +=back -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item Frequently asked questions -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=over 4 -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item "It does not work" -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item I cannot run external programs -=item Translucency Revisited +=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F from my +program. -=back +Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use +L? -=item NOTES +=item C<``> and pipe-C do not work under DOS. -=item SEE ALSO +=item Cannot start C -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=back -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=item INSTALLATION -=item HISTORY +=over 4 -=back +=item Automatic binary installation -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +C, C, F -=over +=item Manual binary installation -=item DESCRIPTION +Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable +(statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, +Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl +and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, +Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh -=over +=item B -=item An Object is Simply a Reference +=back -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item Accessing documentation -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=over 4 -=item Method Invocation +=item OS/2 F<.INF> file -=item WARNING +=item Plain text -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item Manpages -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item HTML -=item Destructors +=item GNU C files -=item Summary +=item F<.PDF> files -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=item C docs =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUILD -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +=item The short story -=over +=item Prerequisites -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Getting perl source -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Application of the patches -=over +=item Hand-editing -=item Tying Scalars +=item Making -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this +=item Testing -=item Tying Arrays +A lot of C, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F, +F -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -DESTROY this +=item Installing the built perl -=item Tying Hashes +=item C-style build -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this +=back -=item Tying FileHandles +=item Build FAQ -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, DESTROY this +=over 4 -=item The C Gotcha +=item Some C became C<\> in pdksh. -=back +=item C<'errno'> - unresolved external -=item SEE ALSO +=item Problems with tr or sed -=item BUGS +=item Some problem (forget which ;-) -=item AUTHOR +=item Library ... not found -=back +=item Segfault in make -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=item op/sprintf test failure -=over +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=over 4 -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item C, C -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item C -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item C on the first line -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item Additional modules: -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item Prebuilt methods: -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +C, C, C, + C, C, +C, C, +C, C, +C, C, +C, +C, C, +OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C, +C, C, +C, C, +OS2::get_control87(), C -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item Prebuilt variables: -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item Misfeatures -=item DELEGATION +=item Modifications -=back +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=item Identifying DLLs -=over +=item Centralized management of resources -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C -=item Signals +=back -=item Named Pipes +=item Perl flavors -=over +=over 4 -=item WARNING +=item F -=back +=item F -=item Using open() for IPC +=item F -=over +=item F -=item Filehandles +=item Why strange names? -=item Background Processes +=item Why dynamic linking? -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item Why chimera build? -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=back -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=over 4 -=back +=item C -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item C -=over +=item C -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item C -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item C -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item C or C =back -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket - -=over +=item Evolution -=item A Simple Client +=over 4 -C, C, C +=item Priorities -=item A Webget Client +=item DLL name mangling -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item Threading -=back +=item Calls to external programs -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item Memory allocation -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=item Threads -=item UDP: Message Passing +C, F -=item SysV IPC +=back -=item NOTES +=back -=item BUGS +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -2849,1924 +6345,1918 @@ Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse =back -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, -B +=over 4 -=over +=item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390 -=item The Filter +=item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390 -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item Configure Perl on OS/390 -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390 + +=item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 + +=item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 + +=item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 + +=item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390 + +=item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 + +=item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390 =back +=item AUTHORS + =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390 =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger +=over 4 -=over +=item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX -=item Debugger Commands +/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] +=item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX + +=item QNX auxiliary files + +qnx/ar, qnx/cpp + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back -=item Configurable Options +=head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item Debugger input/output +=item DESCRIPTION -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing +=over 4 -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item Invoking Perl -=item Debugger Customization +=item What's in Plan 9 Perl -=item Readline Support +=item What's not in Plan 9 Perl -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl -=item The Perl Profiler +=item Signals in Plan 9 Perl =back -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9 -=item Debugging memory usage +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9 + +=back =item BUGS -=back +=item Revision date -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=item AUTHOR + +=back -=over +=head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Storing numbers +=over 4 -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item Solaris Version Numbers. -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=back -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item RESOURCES -=item AUTHOR +Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation -=item SEE ALSO +=item SETTING UP -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging +=item File Extraction Problems on Solaris. -=over +=item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris. -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris -=item Debugger Internals +=back -=over +=item RUN CONFIGURE. -=item Writing Your Own Debugger +=over 4 -=back +=item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris. -=item Frame Listing Output Examples +=item Threads in Perl on Solaris. -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris. + +=back -=over +=item MAKE PROBLEMS. -=item Compile-time output +Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: +relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No +DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found -C I C I, C I C -I, C, C, C -I, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item MAKE TEST -=item Types of nodes +=over 4 -=item Run-time output +=item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris =back -=item Debugging Perl memory usage +=item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS. -=over +=item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS. -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=over 4 -C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C +=item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris. -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=back -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES. -=item B<-DL> details +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES. -C, C, C +=over 4 -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics +=item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris -=back +=item BSD::Resource on Solairs -=item SEE ALSO +=item Net::SSLeay on Soalris =back -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics - -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item LAST MODIFIED =back -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as +Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data +=item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64 -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +=item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64 -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +=item Threaded Perl on Tru64 -=item Security Bugs +=item Long Doubles on Tru64 -=item Protecting Your Programs +=item 64-bit Perl on Tru64 + +=item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64 =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Testing Perl on Tru64 + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary +=head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA. -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Awk Traps +=item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA -=item C Traps +=item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA -=item Sed Traps +=item Configure Perl on VM/ESA -=item Shell Traps +=item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA -=item Perl Traps +=item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA -=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps +=back -Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical -Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, -Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, -Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps +=item AUTHORS -=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps +=item SEE ALSO -Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, -Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, -Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance +=over 4 -=item Parsing Traps +=item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +=back -=item Numerical Traps +=back -Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops +=head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl -=item General data type traps +=over 4 -(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), -(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts +=item Installation -(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) +=item Organization of Perl Images -=item Precedence Traps +=over 4 -Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, -Precedence +=item Core Images -=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. +=item Perl Extensions -Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular -Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +=item Installing static extensions -=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps +=item Installing dynamic extensions -(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle +=back -=item OS Traps +=item File specifications -(SysV), (SysV) +=over 4 -=item Interpolation Traps +=item Syntax -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation +=item Wildcard expansion -=item DBM Traps +=item Pipes -DBM, DBM +=back -=item Unclassified Traps +=item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB -C/C trap using returned value, C on empty string with -LIMIT specified +=item Command line -=back +=over 4 -=back +=item I/O redirection and backgrounding -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=item Command line switches -=over +-i, -S, -u -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item Perl functions -=item ISSUES +File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, +exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select +(system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime +LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS -=over +=item Perl variables -=item Newlines +%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $| -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences -=item Files and Filesystems +=over 4 -=item System Interaction +=item SDBM_File -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +=back -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=item Revision date -=item Standard Modules +=item AUTHOR -=item Time and Date +=back -=item Character sets and character encoding +=head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS -=item Internationalisation +=over 4 -=item System Resources +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Security +=over 4 -=item Style +=item Stratus POSIX Support =back -=item CPAN Testers +=item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=over 4 -=item PLATFORMS +=item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS -=over +=item Installing Perl 5 on VOS -=item Unix +=back -=item DOS and Derivatives +=item USING PERL IN VOS -Build instructions for OS/2, L +=over 4 -=item S +=item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS -=item VMS +=item Restrictions of Perl on VOS -=item VOS +=back -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=item SUPPORT STATUS -=item Acorn RISC OS +=item AUTHOR -=item Other perls +=item LAST UPDATE =back -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION -=over +=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=over 4 --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, -getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, -getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, -getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, -setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, -setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, -endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, -ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, -lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, -msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, -open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, -select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget -KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, -symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CHANGES +method, locked -v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, -v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May -1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December -1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August -1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, -v1.23, 10 July 1998 +=back -=item Supported Platforms +=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item VERSION +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide +=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation +=item Built-in Attributes -=over +locked, method, lvalue -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Available Subroutines -=over +get, reftype -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item Package-specific Attribute Handling -=item Command Paragraph +FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES -=item Ordinary Block of Text +=item Syntax of Attribute Lists -=item The Intent +=back -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item EXPORTS -=item Common Pod Pitfalls +=over 4 + +=item Default exports + +=item Available exports + +=item Export tags defined =back +=item EXAMPLES + =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=back + +=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +method, locked =back -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item WARNING -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=item AUTHOR -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=over +=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time -=item PREAMBLE +=over 4 -B, B, B, B, B +=item SYNOPSIS -=item ROADMAP +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Compiling your C program +=item HISTORY -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program +=item SEE ALSO -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=back -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=over 4 -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +=item BUGS -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character +semantics -=item MORAL +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal +escape. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B - -=over - -=item Co-existence with stdio +=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B +=item BUGS =back -=back +=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Introduction +=item NOTES -=item On The Road +=item TECHNICAL NOTE -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +=item BUGS -=item The Argument Stack +=item AUTHOR -=item The RETVAL Variable +=item COPYRIGHT -=item The MODULE Keyword +=back -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning +diagnostics -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=over 4 -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The CODE: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The INIT: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=item The C Pragma -=item Initializing Function Parameters +=item The I Program -=item Default Parameter Values +=back -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +=item EXAMPLES -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=item INTERNALS -=item The INPUT: Keyword +=item BUGS -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +=item AUTHOR -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +=back -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +=head2 fields - compile-time class fields -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=over 4 -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The BOOT: Keyword +new, phash -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +=item SEE ALSO -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +=back -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The CASE: Keyword +=item subpragma access -=item The & Unary Operator +=back -=item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=back -=item Using XS With C++ +=head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating +point -=item Interface Strategy +=over 4 -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The Typemap +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item EXAMPLES +=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler -=item XS VERSION +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SPECIAL NOTES +=over 4 -=over +=item Adding directories to @INC -=item make +=item Deleting directories from @INC -=item Version caveat +=item Restoring original @INC -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item TUTORIAL +=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in +operations -=over +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 1 +=item SYNOPSIS -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What has gone on? +=back -=item Writing good test scripts +=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=over 4 -=item What's new here? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Input and Output Parameters +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The XSUBPP Program +=item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS -=item Warning about Output Arguments +=item SEE ALSO -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=back -=item What has happened here? +=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=over 4 -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +=item SYNOPSIS -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Argument Stack +=item SEE ALSO -=item Extending your Extension +=back -=item Documenting your Extension +=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations -=item Installing your Extension +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 5 +=item SYNOPSIS -=item New Things in this Example +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLE 6 (Coming Soon) +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +=item Declaration of overloaded functions -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +FALSE, TRUE, C -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations -=back +=item Calling Conventions for Mutators -=item See also +C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions -=item Author +=item Overloadable Operations -=over +I, I, I, +I, I, I, I, I, I -=item Last Changed +=item Inheritance and overloading -=back +Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation +is inherited by derived classes =back -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API +=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Last Resort -=item Variables +=item Fallback -=over +C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE -=item Datatypes +=item Copy Constructor -=item What is an "IV"? +B -=item Working with SVs +=back -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION -=item Working with AVs +I, I, +I, C, I, I, +I, I, I, I, +I -=item Working with HVs +=item Losing overloading -=item Hash API Extensions +=item Run-time Overloading -=item References +=item Public functions -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) -=item Creating New Variables +=item Overloading constants + +integer, float, binary, q, qr + +=item IMPLEMENTATION + +=item Metaphor clash + +=item Cookbook -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=over 4 -=item Stashes and Globs +=item Two-face scalars -=item Double-Typed SVs +=item Two-face references -=item Magic Variables +=item Symbolic calculator -=item Assigning Magic +=item I symbolic calculator -=item Magic Virtual Tables +=back -=item Finding Magic +=item AUTHOR -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item Localizing changes +Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable +type, `%s' is not a code reference -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item BUGS =back -=item Subroutines +=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour -=over +=over 4 -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Memory Allocation +=back -=item PerlIO +=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +=over 4 -=item Scratchpads +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Scratchpads and recursion +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item OPTIONS -=item Compiled code +=over 4 -=over +=item SIGNAL HANDLERS -=item Code tree +B, B, B I -=item Examining the tree +=item SIGNAL LISTS -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +B, B, B -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item OTHER -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +B, B, I, I -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=back + +=item EXAMPLES =back -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported +=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs -=over +=over 4 -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +C, C, C =back -=item AUTHORS +=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 unicode::distinct - Perl pragma to strictly distinguish UTF8 data +and non-UTF data. -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program +=over 4 -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv +=item DESCRIPTION -=item FLAG VALUES +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=back -=item G_VOID +=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source +code -=item G_SCALAR +=over 4 -=item G_ARRAY +=item SYNOPSIS -=item G_DISCARD +=item DESCRIPTION -=item G_NOARGS +=over 4 -=item G_EVAL +=item Utility functions -=item G_KEEPERR +$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]), +utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string) -=item Determining the Context +=back + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Passing Parameters +=back -=item Returning a Scalar +=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings -=item Returning a list of values +=over 4 -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Using G_EVAL +use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), +warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), +warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), +warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), +warnings::warnif($object, $message) -=item Using G_KEEPERR +=back -=item Using call_sv +=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function -=item Using call_argv +=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION -=item Using call_method +=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs -=item Using GIMME_V +=over 4 -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +=item DESCRIPTION -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +=over 4 -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +=item DBM Comparisons -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +[0], [1], [2], [3] =back =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=back -=item DATE +=head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator +=item VERSION -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Layout +[0], [1], [2], [3], [4] -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref +=over 4 -=back +=item Typed lexicals -=item Using The Back Ends +=item Type-specific attribute handlers -=over +=item Non-interpretive attribute handlers -=item The Cross Referencing Back End +=item Attributes as C interfaces -i, &, s, r +=back -=item The Decompiling Back End +=item EXAMPLES -=item The Lint Back End +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item The Simple C Back End +C, C, C, C -=item The Bytecode Back End +=item AUTHOR -=item The Optimized C Back End +=item BUGS -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back +=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -AvFILL, av_clear, av_extend, av_fetch, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, -av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, -dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, -get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, -gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, -G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, -HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, -hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, -hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, -hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, -MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, -mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, -NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, -ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, -perl_run, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_modglobal, -PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, -PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, -require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, -strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, -SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_off, -SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, -SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, -SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, -SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, -SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, -SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, SVt_IV, -SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUPGRADE, SvUV, -SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_cmp, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, -sv_len, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, -sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, -sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, -sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, -sv_setuv_mg, sv_unref, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_vcatpvfn, -sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, -XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, -XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, -XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, -Zero +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item Subroutine Stubs -=item SEE ALSO +=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine -=back +=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B - Perl functions +=item Package Lexicals -=over +=item Not Using AutoLoader -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B vs. B -=item AUTHORS +=back + +=item CAVEATS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item INTRODUCTION +$keep, $check, $modtime -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=over 4 -=over +=item Multiple packages -=item PUMPKIN? +=back + +=item DIAGNOSTICS =back -=item THE RECORDS +=head2 B - The Perl Compiler -=over +=over 4 -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +=over 4 -=back +=item SV-RELATED CLASSES -=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION +=item B::SV METHODS -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +REFCNT, FLAGS -=over +=item B::IV METHODS -=item SYNOPSIS +IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B::NV METHODS -method, locked +NV, NVX -=back +=item B::RV METHODS -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +RV -=over +=item B::PV METHODS -=item SYNOPSIS +PV, PVX -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B::PVMG METHODS -=back +MAGIC, SvSTASH -=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes +=item B::MAGIC METHODS -=over +MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B::PVLV METHODS -=item DESCRIPTION +TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG -=over +=item B::BM METHODS -=item Built-in Attributes +USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE -locked, method, lvalue +=item B::GV METHODS -=item Available Subroutines +is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, +LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS -get, reftype +=item B::IO METHODS -=item Package-specific Attribute Handling +LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, +BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS -FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES +=item B::AV METHODS -=item Syntax of Attribute Lists +FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS -=back +=item B::CV METHODS + +STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, +CvFLAGS, const_sv -=item EXPORTS +=item B::HV METHODS -=over +FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY -=item Default exports +=item OP-RELATED CLASSES -=item Available exports +=item B::OP METHODS -=item Export tags defined +next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private -=back +=item B::UNOP METHOD -=item EXAMPLES +first -=item SEE ALSO +=item B::BINOP METHOD -=back +last -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +=item B::LOGOP METHOD -=over +other -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B::LISTOP METHOD -=item DESCRIPTION +children -method, locked +=item B::PMOP METHODS -=back +pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp -=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used +=item B::SVOP METHOD -=over +sv, gv -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B::PADOP METHOD -=item DESCRIPTION +padix -=item WARNING +=item B::PVOP METHOD -=item AUTHOR +pv -=item SEE ALSO +=item B::LOOP METHODS -=back +redoop, nextop, lastop -=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time +=item B::COP METHODS -=over +label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C -=item HISTORY +main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, +sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), +walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), +ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), +threadsv_names -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package +=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate +bytecode -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS - =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character -semantics +=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal -escape. +=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS - -=item BUGS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants +=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES +=item OPTIONS -=item TECHNICAL NOTE +B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, +B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> -=item BUGS +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning -diagnostics +=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item The C Pragma - -=item The I Program +=item OPTIONS -=back +B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, +B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> =item EXAMPLES -=item INTERNALS - =item BUGS =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 fields - compile-time class fields +=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -new, phash +=item OPTIONS -=item SEE ALSO +B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, +B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, +B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> -=back +=item EXAMPLES -=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators +=item BUGS -=over +=item DIFFERENCES -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Loops -=over +=item Context of ".." -=item subpragma access +=item Arithmetic -=back +=item Deprecated features =back -=head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of -double - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler +=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time +=item OPTIONS -=over +B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, +B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, +B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> -=item SYNOPSIS +=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS -=item DESCRIPTION +B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, +B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, +B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, +B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, +B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, +B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, +B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, +B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> -=over +=item ABBREVIATIONS -=item Adding directories to @INC +=over 4 -=item Deleting directories from @INC +=item OP flags abbreviations -=item Restoring original @INC +=item OP class abbreviations =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in -operations +=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output +=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item UNIMPLEMENTED FUNCTIONALITY - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +=item OPTIONS -=item DESCRIPTION +B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, +B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I -=item SEE ALSO +=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE -=back +=over 4 -=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations +=item Synopsis -=over +=item Description -=item SYNOPSIS +=item new -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ambient_pragmas -=over +strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits -=item Declaration of overloaded functions +=item coderef2text -=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations +=back -FALSE, TRUE, C +=item BUGS -=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations +=item AUTHOR -=item Calling Conventions for Mutators +=back -C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions +=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode -=item Overloadable Operations +=over 4 -I, I, I, -I, I, I, I, I, I +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Inheritance and overloading +=item DESCRIPTION -Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation -is inherited by derived classes +=item AUTHOR =back -=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C +=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint -=over +=over 4 -=item Last Resort +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Fallback +=item DESCRIPTION -C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE +=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS -=item Copy Constructor +B, B and B, B, +B, B, B, B, B -B +=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS -=back +B<-u Package> -=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION +=item BUGS -I, I, -I, C, I, I, -I, I, I, I, -I +=item AUTHOR -=item Losing overloading +=back -=item Run-time Overloading +=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=item Public functions +=over 4 -overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Overloading constants +=item DESCRIPTION -integer, float, binary, q, qr +=item CONVENTIONS =item IMPLEMENTATION -=item Metaphor clash - -=item Cookbook - -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item Two-face scalars +=back -=item Two-face references +=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files -=item Symbolic calculator +=over 4 -=item I symbolic calculator +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION =item AUTHOR -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -=item BUGS - =back -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling +=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded + +=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=item AUTHOR -=over +=back -=item SIGNAL HANDLERS +=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs -B, B, B I +=over 4 -=item SIGNAL LISTS +=item SYNOPSIS -B, B, B +=item DESCRIPTION -=item OTHER +=item OPTIONS -B, B, I, I +C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> -=back +=item BUGS -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs +=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names +=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code +=item Methods -=over +new, debug, iters -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Standard Exports -=item DESCRIPTION +timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), +timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( +TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) -=item SEE ALSO +=item Optional Exports + +clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ +STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( +), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) =back -=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) +=item NOTES -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item SYNOPSIS +=item INHERITANCE -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item MODIFICATION HISTORY =back -=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings +=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -use warnings::register, warnings::enabled([$category]), -warnings::warn([$category,] $message) +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION - -=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs +=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item OPTIONS -=item DBM Comparisons +B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, +B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> -[0], [1], [2], [3] +=item EXAMPLES -=back +=item BUGS -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand +=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Stubs +=item PROGRAMMING STYLE -=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES -=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): -=item Package Lexicals +=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE -=item B vs. B +=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: -=back +=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: -=item CAVEATS +=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: -=item SEE ALSO +=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: -=back +=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: -=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading +=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: + +=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: -=over +=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: -=item SYNOPSIS +=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: -=item DESCRIPTION +=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: -$keep, $check, $modtime +=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: -=over +=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS -=item Multiple packages +=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE -=back +B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, +B<:standard>, B<:all> -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item PRAGMAS + +-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, +-newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, +-private_tempfiles + +=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS + +1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a +
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a

    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates +a
tag) =back -=head2 B - The Perl Compiler +=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: -=item DESCRIPTION +=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER -=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES +=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER -=over +B, 4, 5, 6.. -=item SV-RELATED CLASSES +=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: -=item B::SV METHODS +=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: -REFCNT, FLAGS +=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL -=item B::IV METHODS +B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> -IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv +=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS -=item B::NV METHODS +=back -NV, NVX +=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: -=item B::RV METHODS +=over 4 -RV +=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS -=item B::PV METHODS +=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS -PV +=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION -=item B::PVMG METHODS +=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS -MAGIC, SvSTASH +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML -=item B::MAGIC METHODS +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); -MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR +=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML -=item B::PVLV METHODS +=back -TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG +=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: -=item B::BM METHODS +=over 4 -USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE +=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG -=item B::GV METHODS +=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM -is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, -FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +B, B -=item B::IO METHODS +=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD -LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, -BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS +B -=item B::AV METHODS +=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD -FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS +=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD -=item B::CV METHODS +=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD -STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS +B -=item B::HV METHODS +=item CREATING A POPUP MENU -FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY +=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST -=item OP-RELATED CLASSES +B -=item B::OP METHODS +=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES -next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private +B -=item B::UNOP METHOD +=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX -first +B -=item B::BINOP METHOD +=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP -last +B -=item B::LOGOP METHOD +=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON -other +B -=item B::LISTOP METHOD +=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON -children +=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON -=item B::PMOP METHODS +=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD -pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp +B -=item B::SVOP METHOD +=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON -sv, gv +B -=item B::PADOP METHOD +=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON -padix +=back -=item B::PVOP METHOD +=item HTTP COOKIES -pv +1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> -=item B::LOOP METHODS +=item WORKING WITH FRAMES -redoop, nextop, lastop +1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the +document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in +the
tag -=item B::COP METHODS +=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS -label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line +=item DEBUGGING + +=over 4 + +=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS =back -=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C +=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES -main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, -sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), -hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, B -=item AUTHOR +=item USING NPH SCRIPTS -=back +In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> +parameters -=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate -bytecode +=item Server Push -=over +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks -=item DESCRIPTION +B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script +basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> -=item AUTHOR +=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL -=back +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode +=item CREDITS -=over +Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor +(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell +(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg +(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick +(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis +(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen +(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim +MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks +(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed +Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug +MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), +...and many many more.. -=item SYNOPSIS +=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or +other) error log -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>, -B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> +=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES -=item EXAMPLES +=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Changing the default message =back -=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, -B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS -=item EXAMPLES +=item CHANGE LOG -=item BUGS +=item AUTHORS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend +=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=item USING CGI::Cookie -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, -B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, -B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> +B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Creating New Cookies -=item DIFFERENCES +=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser -=over +=item Recovering Previous Cookies -=item Loops +=item Manipulating Cookies -=item Context of ".." +B, B, B, B, B -=item Arithmetic +=back -=item Deprecated features +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=back +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops +=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE -=back +=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS -=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code +=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS -=over +=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CAVEATS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item OPTIONS +=item BUGS -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, -B, BIB<.> +=item SEE ALSO -=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE +=back -=over +=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code -=item Synopsis +=over 4 -=item Description +=item SYNOPSIS -=item new +=item DESCRIPTION -=item coderef2text +=over 4 + +=item Tags that won't be formatted + +=item Customizing the Indenting =back @@ -4774,695 +8264,865 @@ B, BIB<.> =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode +=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint +=item USING CGI::Push -=over +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Heterogeneous Pages -=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS +=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly -B, B and B, B, -B, B, B, B, B +=back -=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS +=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS -B<-u Package> +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONVENTIONS +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend +=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops +=over 4 -=over +=item Interactive Mode -=item SYNOPSIS +Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, +install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or +distribution, ls author, Signals -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CPAN::Shell -=item AUTHOR +=item autobundle -=back +=item recompile -=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs +=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution -=over +=item Programmer's interface + +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples + +=item Methods in the other Classes + +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Cache Manager -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Bundles -=item OPTIONS +=item Prerequisites -C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> +=item Finding packages and VERSION -=item BUGS +=item Debugging -=item AUTHOR +=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode =back -=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=item CONFIGURATION -=over +Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE +EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist +optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE +[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Note on urllist parameter's format -=item AUTHOR +=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support =back -=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code +=item SECURITY -=over +=item EXPORT -=item SYNOPSIS +=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS -=over +=over 4 -=item Methods +=item Three basic types of firewalls -new, debug, iters +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade -=item Standard Exports +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall -timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), -timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( -TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) +=back -=item Optional Exports +=item FAQ -clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ -STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( -), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) -=back +=item BUGS -=item NOTES +=item AUTHOR -=item EXAMPLES +=item TRANSLATIONS -=item INHERITANCE +=item SEE ALSO -=item CAVEATS +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization -=item AUTHORS +=over 4 -=item MODIFICATION HISTORY +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code +=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS +module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=over 4 -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>, -B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> +=item Forcing a Stack Trace -=item EXAMPLES +=back =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class +=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside -=over +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item ABSTRACT +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item FUNCTIONS -=item PROGRAMMING STYLE +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) -=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES -1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. Forexample, --value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values, -3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values' +=item COPYRIGHT -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE +=back -=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: +=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes -=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The C function + +=item Class Creation at Compile Time + +=item Element Types and Accessor Methods -=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: +Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or +C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) -=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: +=item Initializing with C -=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: +=back -=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: +=item EXAMPLES -=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: +Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 -=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: +=item Author and Modification History -=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: +=back -=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: +=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information -=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: +=over 4 -=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE +=item DESCRIPTION -B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, -B<:standard>, B<:all> +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) -=item PRAGMAS +=item EXAMPLE --any, -compile, -nosticky, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, --no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles +=item WARNING -=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS +=item GLOSSARY -1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a -
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a
tag) +=over 4 -=back +=item _ -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS +C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> -=over +=item a -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER +=item b -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -B, 4, 5, 6.. +=item c -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: +=item d -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>) +=item e -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=back +=item f -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=over +=item g -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS +=item h -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION +C, C, C, C -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +=item i -=item AUTOESCAPING HTML +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C -$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = -charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); +=item k -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML +C, C -=back +=item l -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=over +=item m -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM +=item M -B, B +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD +=item n -B +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD +=item o -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD +=item p -B +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU +=item P -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -B +=item q -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES +C, C -B +=item r -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -B +=item s -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -B +=item t -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -B +=item u -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON +=item v -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -B +=item x -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON +C, C -B, 3.The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type, -and may be -TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE +=item y -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON +C, C -=back +=item z -=item HTTP COOKIES +C, C -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> +=back -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES +=item NOTE -1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the tag +=back -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory -=item DEBUGGING +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES - -B, B, B, B, -B, B, BReturn the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering -scripts, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B +=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, +subject to +change) -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS +=over 4 -In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters in the B and B statements: +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Server Push +=item DESCRIPTION -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end() +=over 4 -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks +=item Global Variables -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> + $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, +@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, +$DB::lineno -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL +=item API Methods -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), +CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() -=item CREDITS +=item Client Callback Methods -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. +CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), +CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), +CLIENT->output(LIST) -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT +=back =item BUGS -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm +=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION - -=item BUGS +B, B, B -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 -=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log +=item Interface to Berkeley DB -=over +=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Default Parameters -=item DESCRIPTION +=item In Memory Databases -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES +=back -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW +=item DB_HASH -=over +=over 4 -=item Changing the default message +=item A Simple Example =back -=item CHANGE LOG +=item DB_BTREE -=item AUTHORS +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Changing the BTREE sort order -=back +=item Handling Duplicate Keys -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies +=item The get_dup() Method -=over +=item The find_dup() Method -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The del_dup() Method -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Matching Partial Keys -=item USING CGI::Cookie +=back -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> +=item DB_RECNO -=over +=over 4 -=item Creating New Cookies +=item The 'bval' Option -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser +=item A Simple Example -=item Recovering Previous Cookies +=item Extra RECNO Methods -=item Manipulating Cookies +B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> -B, B, B, B, B +=item Another Example =back -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item THE API INTERFACE -=item BUGS +B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = +$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, +$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, +$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> -=item SEE ALSO +=item DBM FILTERS -=back +B, B, B, +B -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI +=over 4 -=over +=item The Filter -=item SYNOPSIS +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE +=back -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS +=item HINTS AND TIPS -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS +=over 4 -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS +=item Locking: The Trouble with fd -=item CAVEATS +=item Safe ways to lock a database -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +B, B, B -=item BUGS +=item Sharing Databases With C Applications -=item SEE ALSO +=item The untie() Gotcha =back -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code - -=over +=item COMMON QUESTIONS -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Why is there Perl source in my database? -=over +=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? -=item Tags that won't be formatted +=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? -=item Customizing the Indenting +=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? =back +=item REFERENCES + +=item HISTORY + =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item AVAILABILITY + +=item COPYRIGHT =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push +=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both +printing and C -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Push - --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires +=over 4 -=over +=item Methods -=item Heterogeneous Pages +I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I +I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Reset -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly +=item Functions -=back +Dumper(I) -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS +=item Configuration Variables or Methods -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>) -=item BUGS +=item Exports -=item SEE ALSO +Dumper =back -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item ABSTRACT +=item EXAMPLES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item AUTHOR -=item BUGS +=item VERSION =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites +=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Interactive Mode - -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, Signals +=item PROFILE FORMAT -=item CPAN::Shell +=item AUTOLOAD -=item autobundle +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item recompile +=item BUGS -=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution +=item SEE ALSO -=item ProgrammerE<39>s interface +=back -expand($type,@things), Programming Examples +=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer -=item Methods in the four Classes +=over 4 -=item Cache Manager +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Bundles +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Prerequisites +=over 4 -=item Finding packages and VERSION +=item Memory footprint debugging -=item Debugging +=back -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode +=item EXAMPLES -=back +=over 4 -=item CONFIGURATION +=item A simple scalar string -Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE -EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist -optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE -[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> +=item A simple scalar number -=over +=item A simple scalar with an extra reference -=item Note on urllist parameter's format +=item A reference to a simple scalar -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support +=item A reference to an array -=back +=item A reference to a hash -=item SECURITY +=item Dumping a large array or hash -=item EXPORT +=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES +=item A reference to a subroutine -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +=back -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +=item EXPORTS =item BUGS @@ -5472,9 +9132,9 @@ http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade =back -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization +=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -5482,519 +9142,425 @@ http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade =back -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module +=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +I, I, I + +=item OO INTERFACE + +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), +$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item FUNCTIONS -=item Forcing a Stack Trace +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) -=back +=item METHODS -=item BUGS +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Carp::Heavy - Carp guts +=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPIS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes +=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item The C function +=item Creation -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, +stopDbSignal -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) +=item Methods -=item Initializing with C +dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, +veryCompact, set, get =back -=item EXAMPLES - -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 - -=item Author and Modification History - =back -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information +=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) +@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, +@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), +dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), +dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), +bootstrap() -=item EXAMPLE +=item AUTHOR -=item WARNING +=back -=item GLOSSARY +=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into +Perl code -=over +=over 4 -=item _ +=item SYNOPSIS -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> +=item DESCRIPTION -=item a +=item AUTHOR -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item b +=head2 Encode - character encodings -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=over 4 -=item c +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item TERMINOLOGY + +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item ENCODINGS -=item C +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Characteristics of an Encoding -=item d +=item Types of Encodings -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, +Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings -=item e +=item Specifying Encodings -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +1. By name, 2. As an object -=item f +=item Encoding Names -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry, +The name used by the the organization that defined it -=item g +=back -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item PERL ENCODING API -=item h +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C +=item Generic Encoding Interface -=item i +=item Handling Malformed Data -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes -=item k +=item UTF-8 / utf8 -C, C +=item Other Encodings of Unicode -=item l +=item Listing available encodings -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item Defining Aliases -=item m +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Defining Encodings -=item M +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Encoding and IO -=item n +=item Encoding How to ... -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 +strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules -=item o +=item Messing with Perl's Internals -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) -=item p +=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +-Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), +-Edecode($octets,$check) -=item P +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Compiled Encodings -=item q +.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other +variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 -C, C +=back -=item r +=item SEE ALSO -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=back -=item s +=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables +of the Encode extension -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item t +=item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B -=item u +=item KEYWORDS -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item COPYRIGHT -=item v +=back -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings -=item x +=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension -C, C +=over 4 -=item z +=item DESCRIPTION -C, C +[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B -=back +=item KEYWORDS -=item NOTE +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory +=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation +variables -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item PERFORMANCE + =back -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) +=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or +arrays -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Global Variables +=item LIMITATIONS - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno +=item AUTHOR -=item API Methods +=back -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() +=head2 Errno - System errno constants -=item Client Callback Methods +=over 4 -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item CAVEATS =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x +=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B +=over 4 -=over +=item How to Export -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 +=item Selecting What To Export -=item Interface to Berkeley DB +=item Specialised Import Lists -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File +=item Exporting without using Export's import method -=item Default Parameters +=item Module Version Checking -=item In Memory Databases +=item Managing Unknown Symbols + +=item Tag Handling Utility Functions =back -=item DB_HASH +=back -=over +=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts -=item A Simple Example +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item DB_BTREE +=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in +Makefiles etc. -=over +=over 4 -=item Changing the BTREE sort order +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Handling Duplicate Keys +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The get_dup() Method +=back -=item The find_dup() Method +cat -=item The del_dup() Method +eqtime src dst -=item Matching Partial Keys +rm_f files... -=back +rm_f files... -=item DB_RECNO +touch files .. -=over +mv source... destination -=item The 'bval' Option +cp source... destination -=item A Simple Example +chmod mode files.. -=item Extra RECNO Methods +mkpath directory.. -B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength> +test_f file -=item Another Example +=over 4 -=back +=item BUGS -=item THE API INTERFACE +=item SEE ALSO -B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> +=item AUTHOR -=item DBM FILTERS +=back -B, B, B, -B +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants -=over +=over 4 -=item The Filter +=item SYNOPSIS -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item USAGE -=back +IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN -=item HINTS AND TIPS +=item FUNCTIONS -=over +=back -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd +C_stringify NAME -=item Safe ways to lock a database +constant_types -B, B, B +memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications +assign INDENT, TYPE, VALUE.. -=item The untie() Gotcha +return_clause VALUE, TYPE, INDENT, MACRO, DEFAULT -=back +params WHAT -=item COMMON QUESTIONS +dump_names PACKAGE, SUBNAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, ITEM.. -=over +C_constant PACKAGE, SUBNAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEM.., +name, type, value, macro, default -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? +=over 4 -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? +=item AUTHOR =back -=item REFERENCES +=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications -=item HISTORY +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AVAILABILITY +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +=item @EXPORT + +=item FUNCTIONS + +xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), +ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) + +=item EXAMPLES =item SEE ALSO @@ -6002,428 +9568,426 @@ B, B, B =back -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C +=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item USAGE -=item Methods +=item FUNCTIONS -I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I -I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Reset +new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), +packlist(), version() -=item Functions +=item EXAMPLE -Dumper(I) +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions -=item Configuration Variables or Methods +=over 4 -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>) +=item EXTRALIBS -=item Exports +=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH -Dumper +=item BSLOADLIBS =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item PORTABILITY -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item VMS implementation -=item VERSION +=item Win32 implementation + +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item PROFILE FORMAT - -=item AUTOLOAD - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO +canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive =back -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +=item METHODS -=over +=back -=item A simple scalar string +perl_archive_after -=item A simple scalar number +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference +=over 4 -=item A reference to a simple scalar +=item SYNOPSIS -=item A reference to an array +=item DESCRIPTION -=item A reference to a hash +=item METHODS -=item Dumping a large array or hash +=over 4 -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer +=item Preloaded methods -=item A reference to a subroutine +canonpath =back -=item EXPORTS +=back -=item BUGS +catdir -=item AUTHOR +catfile -=item SEE ALSO +curdir -=back +rootdir -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module +updir -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SelfLoaded methods -=item DESCRIPTION +c_o (o) =back -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles +cflags (o) -=over +clean (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +const_cccmd (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +const_config (o) -=back +const_loadlibs (o) -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. +constants (o) -=over +depend (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +dir_target (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +dist (o) -=over +dist_basics (o) -=item Creation +dist_ci (o) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal +dist_core (o) -=item Methods +dist_dir (o) -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get +dist_test (o) -=back +dlsyms (o) -=back +dynamic (o) -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +dynamic_bs (o) -=over +dynamic_lib (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +exescan -=item DESCRIPTION +extliblist -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() +file_name_is_absolute -=item AUTHOR +find_perl + +=over 4 + +=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile + +fixin =back -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code +force (o) -=over +guess_name -=item SYNOPSIS +has_link_code -=item DESCRIPTION +htmlifypods (o) -=item AUTHOR +init_dirscan -=back +init_main -=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation -variables +init_others -=over +install (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +installbin (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +libscan (o) -=item BUGS +linkext (o) -=back +lsdir -=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or -arrays +macro (o) -=over +makeaperl (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +makefile (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +manifypods (o) -=item LIMITATIONS +maybe_command -=item AUTHOR +maybe_command_in_dirs -=back +needs_linking (o) -=head2 Errno - System errno constants +nicetext -=over +parse_version -=item SYNOPSIS +parse_abstract -=item DESCRIPTION +pasthru (o) -=item CAVEATS +path -=item AUTHOR +perl_script -=item COPYRIGHT +perldepend (o) -=back +ppd -=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules +perm_rw (o) -=over +perm_rwx (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +pm_to_blib -=item DESCRIPTION +post_constants (o) -=over +post_initialize (o) -=item How to Export +postamble (o) -=item Selecting What To Export +prefixify -=item Specialised Import Lists +processPL (o) -=item Exporting without using Export's import method +realclean (o) -=item Module Version Checking +replace_manpage_separator -=item Managing Unknown Symbols +static (o) -=item Tag Handling Utility Functions +static_lib (o) -=back +staticmake (o) -=back +subdir_x (o) -=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts +subdirs (o) -=over +test (o) -=item SYNOPIS +test_via_harness (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +test_via_script (o) -=back +tool_autosplit (o) -=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in -Makefiles etc. +tools_other (o) -=over +tool_xsubpp (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +top_targets (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +writedoc -=back +xs_c (o) -cat +xs_cpp (o) -eqtime src dst +xs_o (o) -rm_f files... +perl_archive -rm_f files... +perl_archive_after -touch files .. +export_list -mv source... destination +=over 4 -cp source... destination +=item SEE ALSO -chmod mode files.. +=back -mkpath directory.. +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -test_f file +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS -=item BUGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Methods always loaded + +wraplist =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications +=back -=over +rootdir (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SelfLoaded methods -=item @EXPORT +guess_name (override) -=item FUNCTIONS +=back -xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), -ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) +find_perl (override) -=item EXAMPLES +path (override) -=item SEE ALSO +maybe_command (override) -=item AUTHOR +maybe_command_in_dirs (override) -=back +perl_script (override) -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there +file_name_is_absolute (override) -=over +replace_manpage_separator -=item SYNOPSIS +init_others (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +constants (override) -=back +cflags (override) -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules +const_cccmd (override) -=over +pm_to_blib (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +tool_autosplit (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +tool_sxubpp (override) -=item USAGE +xsubpp_version (override) -=item FUNCTIONS +tools_other (override) -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() +dist (override) -=item EXAMPLE +c_o (override) -=item AUTHOR +xs_c (override) -=back +xs_o (override) -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them +top_targets (override) -=over +dlsyms (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +dynamic_lib (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +dynamic_bs (override) -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions +static_lib (override) -=over +manifypods (override) -=item EXTRALIBS +processPL (override) -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH +installbin (override) -=item BSLOADLIBS +subdir_x (override) -=back +clean (override) -=item PORTABILITY +realclean (override) -=over +dist_basics (override) -=item VMS implementation +dist_core (override) -=item Win32 implementation +dist_dir (override) -=back +dist_test (override) -=item SEE ALSO +install (override) -=back +perldepend (override) -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +makefile (override) -=over +test (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +test_via_harness (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +test_via_script (override) -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive +makeaperl (override) -=back +nicetext (override) -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6431,940 +9995,974 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +catfile -=item DESCRIPTION +constants (o) -=item METHODS +static_lib (o) -=over +dynamic_bs (o) -=item Preloaded methods +dynamic_lib (o) canonpath -=back +perl_script -=back +pm_to_blib -catdir +test_via_harness (o) -catfile +tool_autosplit (override) -curdir +tools_other (o) -rootdir +xs_o (o) -updir +top_targets (o) -=over +htmlifypods (o) -=item SelfLoaded methods +manifypods (o) -c_o (o) +dist_ci (o) -=back +dist_core (o) -cflags (o) +pasthru (o) -clean (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile -const_cccmd (o) +=over 4 -const_config (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -const_loadlibs (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -constants (o) +=over 4 -depend (o) +=item How To Write A Makefile.PL -dir_target (o) +=item Default Makefile Behaviour -dist (o) +=item make test -dist_basics (o) +=item make testdb -dist_ci (o) +=item make install -dist_core (o) +=item PREFIX and LIB attribute -dist_dir (o) +=item AFS users -dist_test (o) +=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary -dlsyms (o) +=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations -dynamic (o) +=item Which architecture dependent directory? -dynamic_bs (o) +=item Using Attributes and Parameters -dynamic_lib (o) +ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, +EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, +HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, +INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, +INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, +INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, +MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, +NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC, +PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, +PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, +VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION -exescan +=item Additional lowercase attributes -extliblist +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, +tool_autosplit -file_name_is_absolute +=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods -find_perl +=item Hintsfile support -=over +=item Distribution Support -=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile + make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, + make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make +shdist, make zipdist, make ci -fixin +=item Disabling an extension =back -force (o) +=item ENVIRONMENT -guess_name +PERL_MM_OPT -has_link_code +=item SEE ALSO -htmlifypods (o) +=item AUTHORS -init_dirscan +=back -init_main +=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file -init_others +=over 4 -install (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -installbin (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -libscan (o) +=item MANIFEST.SKIP -linkext (o) +=item EXPORT_OK -lsdir +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES -macro (o) +=item DIAGNOSTICS -makeaperl (o) +C I, C I, C I<$!>, +C I -makefile (o) +=item ENVIRONMENT -manifypods (o) +B -maybe_command +=item SEE ALSO -maybe_command_in_dirs +=item AUTHOR -needs_linking (o) +=back -nicetext +=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c -parse_version +=over 4 -parse_abstract +=item SYNOPSIS -pasthru (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -path +=item SEE ALSO -perl_script +=back -perldepend (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader -ppd +=over 4 -perm_rw (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -perm_rwx (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -pm_to_blib +=back -post_constants (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic +extension -post_initialize (o) +=over 4 -postamble (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -prefixify +=item DESCRIPTION -processPL (o) +DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME -realclean (o) +=item AUTHOR -replace_manpage_separator +=item REVISION -static (o) +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files -static_lib (o) +=over 4 -staticmake (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -subdir_x (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -subdirs (o) +=item USAGE -test (o) +=item FUNCTIONS -test_via_harness (o) +new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() -test_via_script (o) +=item EXAMPLE -tool_autosplit (o) +=item AUTHOR -tools_other (o) +=back -tool_xsubpp (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC -top_targets (o) +=over 4 -writedoc +=item SYNOPSIS -xs_c (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -xs_cpp (o) +=back -xs_o (o) +=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die -perl_archive +=over 4 -export_list +=item SYNOPSIS -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Methods always loaded - -wraplist +=item NOTE -=back +=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS =back -rootdir (override) +=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces -=over +=over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item SYNOPSIS -guess_name (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse -find_perl (override) +=item EXAMPLES -path (override) +C, C -maybe_command (override) +=back -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) +=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree -perl_script (override) +=over 4 -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -replace_manpage_separator +=item DESCRIPTION -init_others (override) +=back -constants (override) +=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles -cflags (override) +=over 4 -const_cccmd (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -pm_to_blib (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -tool_autosplit (override) +=item RETURN -tool_sxubpp (override) +=item AUTHOR -xsubpp_version (override) +=back -tools_other (override) +=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles -dist (override) +=over 4 -c_o (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -xs_c (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -xs_o (override) +=over 4 -top_targets (override) +=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) -dlsyms (override) +rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) -dynamic_lib (override) +=back -dynamic_bs (override) +=item RETURN -static_lib (override) +=item AUTHOR -manifypods (override) +=back -processPL (override) +=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some -installbin (override) +=over 4 -subdir_x (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -clean (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -realclean (override) +=item EXPORTS (by request only) -dist_basics (override) +=item BUGS -dist_core (override) +=item AUTHOR -dist_dir (override) +=item HISTORY -dist_test (override) +=item SEE ALSO -install (override) +=back -perldepend (override) +=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree -makefile (override) +=over 4 -test (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -test_via_harness (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -test_via_script (override) +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C -makeaperl (override) +=item CAVEAT -nicetext (override) +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -catfile +=item DIAGNOSTICS -constants (o) +C, C -static_lib (o) +=item NOTES -dynamic_bs (o) +=item AUTHOR -dynamic_lib (o) +=back -canonpath +=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees -perl_script +=over 4 -pm_to_blib +=item SYNOPSIS -test_via_harness (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -tool_autosplit (override) +=item AUTHORS -tools_other (o) +=back -xs_o (o) +=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names -top_targets (o) +=over 4 -htmlifypods (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -manifypods (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -dist_ci (o) +=item SEE ALSO -dist_core (o) +=item AUTHORS -pasthru (o) +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +devnull -=item How To Write A Makefile.PL +=back -=item Default Makefile Behaviour +tmpdir -=item make test +path -=item make testdb +canonpath -=item make install +splitpath -=item PREFIX and LIB attribute +splitdir -=item AFS users +catpath -=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary +abs2rel -=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations +rel2abs -=item Which architecture dependent directory? +=over 4 -=item Using Attributes and Parameters +=item SEE ALSO -AUTHOR, ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, PERL_MALLOC_OK, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, -LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, -NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, -PM, PMLIBDIRS, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, -PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, -XS_VERSION +=back -=item Additional lowercase attributes +=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +=over 4 -=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Hintsfile support +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Distribution Support +=over 4 - make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci +=item Exports -=item Disabling an extension +=back + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS -PERL_MM_OPT +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHORS +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +canonpath =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file +catdir -=over +catfile -=item SYNOPSIS +curdir -=item DESCRIPTION +devnull -=item MANIFEST.SKIP +rootdir -=item EXPORT_OK +tmpdir -=item GLOBAL VARIABLES +updir -=item DIAGNOSTICS +file_name_is_absolute -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I +path + +splitpath + +splitdir + +catpath + +abs2rel + +rel2abs + +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c +=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader +=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item METHODS + +canonpath + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic -extension +catdir -=over +catfile -=item SYNOPSIS +curdir -=item DESCRIPTION +devnull -DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME +rootdir -=item AUTHOR +tmpdir -=item REVISION +updir -=back +no_upwards -=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files +case_tolerant -=over +file_name_is_absolute -=item SYNOPSIS +path -=item DESCRIPTION +join -=item USAGE +splitpath -=item FUNCTIONS +splitdir -new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() +catpath -=item EXAMPLE +abs2rel -=item AUTHOR +rel2abs + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC +=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +eliminate_macros -=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die +=back -=over +fixpath -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Methods always loaded -=item AUTHOR +canonpath (override) =back -=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines +catdir -=over +catfile -=item SYNOPSIS +curdir (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +devnull (override) -=item NOTE +rootdir (override) -=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS +tmpdir (override) -=back +updir (override) -=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces +case_tolerant (override) -=over +path (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +file_name_is_absolute (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +splitpath (override) -fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse +splitdir (override) -=item EXAMPLES +catpath (override) -C, C +abs2rel (override) + +rel2abs (override) + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree +=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +devnull + =back -=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles +tmpdir -=over +catfile -=item SYNOPSIS +canonpath -=item DESCRIPTION +splitpath -=item RETURN +splitdir -=item AUTHOR +catpath + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles +=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely + +=over 4 -=over +=item PORTABILITY =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back -=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) +=over 4 -rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) +=item FUNCTIONS + +B =back -=item RETURN +B -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS + +B =back -=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some +B -=over +B -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item EXPORTS (by request only) +=item POSIX FUNCTIONS -=item BUGS +B -=item AUTHOR +=back -=item HISTORY +B -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS + +B =back -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree +=over 4 -=over +=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item CAVEAT +=item PACKAGE VARIABLES + +B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH =back -=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine +TopSystemUID -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item WARNING -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Temporary files and NFS -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=back -C, C +=item HISTORY -=item NOTES +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees +=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHORS +=item NOTE + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS +=item BUGS =back -=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Exports - -=back +$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS +=head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=over 4 -canonpath +=item The Problem -=back +=item A Solution -catdir +=item Disabling or changing behaviour -catfile +=item All-in-one interface -curdir +=item How it works -devnull +=back -rootdir +=item AUTHOR -tmpdir +=item COPYRIGHT -updir +=back -file_name_is_absolute +=head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module -path +=over 4 -splitpath +=item SYNOPSIS -splitdir +=item DESCRIPTION -catpath +=over 4 -abs2rel +=item B -rel2abs +=item B -=over +=item B -=item SEE ALSO +B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =back -=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs - -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Example 1: A simple filter. -=back +=item Example 2: Using the context -=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec +=item Example 3: Using the context within the filter -=over +=item Example 4: Using filter_del -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Filter::Simple -=item METHODS +=item AUTHOR -canonpath +=item DATE =back -catdir - -catfile - -curdir - -devnull +=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script -rootdir +=over 4 -tmpdir +=item SYNOPSIS -updir +=item DESCRIPTION -no_upwards +=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES -case_tolerant +=item KNOWN BUGS -file_name_is_absolute +=item AUTHORS -path +=item COPYRIGHT -join +=back -splitpath +=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. -splitdir +=over 4 -catpath +=item SYNOPSIS -abs2rel +=item DESCRIPTION -rel2abs +=item AVAILABILITY -=over +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs +=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -eliminate_macros - -=back +=item Command Line Options, an Introduction -fixpath +=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long -=over +=over 4 -=item Methods always loaded +=item Simple options -canonpath (override) +=item A little bit less simple options -=back +=item Mixing command line option with other arguments -catdir +=item Options with values -catfile +=item Options with multiple values -curdir (override) +=item Options with hash values -devnull (override) +=item User-defined subroutines to handle options -rootdir (override) +=item Options with multiple names -tmpdir (override) +=item Case and abbreviations -updir (override) +=item Summary of Option Specifications -case_tolerant (override) +!, +, s, i, f, : I [ I ] -path (override) +=back -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=item Advanced Possibilities -splitpath (override) +=over 4 -splitdir (override) +=item Object oriented interface -catpath (override) +=item Documentation and help texts -abs2rel (override) +=item Storing options in a hash -rel2abs (override) +=item Bundling -=over +=item The lonesome dash -=item SEE ALSO +=item Argument call-back =back -=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs +=item Configuring Getopt::Long -=over +default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, +require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override +(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always +(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Return values and Errors -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Legacy -devnull +=over 4 -=back +=item Default destinations -tmpdir +=item Alternative option starters -catfile +=item Configuration variables -canonpath +=back -splitpath +=item Trouble Shooting -splitdir +=over 4 -catpath +=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option -abs2rel +=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not +supplied -rel2abs +=back -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER =back -=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch +clustering -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7372,268 +10970,471 @@ rel2abs =back -=over +=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current +locale -=item FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -B +=head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language +tags -=over +=over 4 -=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION =back -B +the function is_language_tag($lang1) -B +the function extract_language_tags($whatever) -B +the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=over +the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=item POSIX FUNCTIONS +the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) -B +the function super_languages($lang1) -=back +the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) -B +the function encode_language_tag($lang1) -=over +the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) -=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -B +=item ABOUT LOWERCASING -=back +=item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS +=item COPYRIGHT -B +=item AUTHOR =back -=over +=head2 I18N::LangTags::List, I18n::LangTags::List -- list of tags for human +languages + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS + +=item LIST OF LANGUAGES + +I<{ab}> : Abkhazian, I<{ace}> : Achinese, I<{ach}> : Acoli, I<{ada}> : +Adangme, I<{aa}> : Afar, I<{afh}> : Afrihili, I<{af}> : Afrikaans, +[I<{afa}> : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], I<{aka}> : Akan, I<{akk}> : Akkadian, +I<{sq}> : Albanian, I<{ale}> : Aleut, [I<{alg}> : Algonquian languages], +[I<{tut}> : Altaic (Other)], I<{am}> : Amharic, I<{i-ami}> : Ami, [I<{apa}> +: Apache languages], I<{ar}> : Arabic, I<{arc}> : Aramaic, I<{arp}> : +Arapaho, I<{arn}> : Araucanian, I<{arw}> : Arawak, I<{hy}> : Armenian, +[I<{art}> : Artificial (Other)], I<{as}> : Assamese, [I<{ath}> : Athapascan +languages], [I<{aus}> : Australian languages], [I<{map}> : Austronesian +(Other)], I<{ava}> : Avaric, I<{ae}> : Avestan, I<{awa}> : Awadhi, I<{ay}> +: Aymara, I<{az}> : Azerbaijani, I<{ban}> : Balinese, [I<{bat}> : Baltic +(Other)], I<{bal}> : Baluchi, I<{bam}> : Bambara, [I<{bai}> : Bamileke +languages], I<{bad}> : Banda, [I<{bnt}> : Bantu (Other)], I<{bas}> : Basa, +I<{ba}> : Bashkir, I<{eu}> : Basque, I<{btk}> : Batak (Indonesia), I<{bej}> +: Beja, I<{be}> : Belarusian, I<{bem}> : Bemba, I<{bn}> : Bengali, +[I<{ber}> : Berber (Other)], I<{bho}> : Bhojpuri, I<{bh}> : Bihari, +I<{bik}> : Bikol, I<{bin}> : Bini, I<{bi}> : Bislama, I<{bs}> : Bosnian, +I<{bra}> : Braj, I<{br}> : Breton, I<{bug}> : Buginese, I<{bg}> : +Bulgarian, I<{i-bnn}> : Bunun, I<{bua}> : Buriat, I<{my}> : Burmese, +I<{cad}> : Caddo, I<{car}> : Carib, I<{ca}> : Catalan, [I<{cau}> : +Caucasian (Other)], I<{ceb}> : Cebuano, [I<{cel}> : Celtic (Other)], +[I<{cai}> : Central American Indian (Other)], I<{chg}> : Chagatai, +[I<{cmc}> : Chamic languages], I<{ch}> : Chamorro, I<{ce}> : Chechen, +I<{chr}> : Cherokee, I<{chy}> : Cheyenne, I<{chb}> : Chibcha, I<{ny}> : +Chichewa, I<{zh}> : Chinese, I<{chn}> : Chinook Jargon, I<{chp}> : +Chipewyan, I<{cho}> : Choctaw, I<{cu}> : Church Slavic, I<{chk}> : +Chuukese, I<{cv}> : Chuvash, I<{cop}> : Coptic, I<{kw}> : Cornish, I<{co}> +: Corsican, I<{cre}> : Cree, I<{mus}> : Creek, [I<{cpe}> : English-based +Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [I<{cpf}> : French-based Creoles and pidgins +(Other)], [I<{cpp}> : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], +[I<{crp}> : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], I<{hr}> : Croatian, [I<{cus}> : +Cushitic (Other)], I<{cs}> : Czech, I<{dak}> : Dakota, I<{da}> : Danish, +I<{day}> : Dayak, I<{i-default}> : Default (Fallthru) Language, I<{del}> : +Delaware, I<{din}> : Dinka, I<{div}> : Divehi, I<{doi}> : Dogri, I<{dgr}> : +Dogrib, [I<{dra}> : Dravidian (Other)], I<{dua}> : Duala, I<{nl}> : Dutch, +I<{dum}> : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), I<{dyu}> : Dyula, I<{dz}> : +Dzongkha, I<{efi}> : Efik, I<{egy}> : Ancient Egyptian, I<{eka}> : Ekajuk, +I<{elx}> : Elamite, I<{en}> : English, I<{enm}> : Old English (1100-1500), +I<{ang}> : Old English (ca.450-1100), I<{eo}> : Esperanto, I<{et}> : +Estonian, I<{ewe}> : Ewe, I<{ewo}> : Ewondo, I<{fan}> : Fang, I<{fat}> : +Fanti, I<{fo}> : Faroese, I<{fj}> : Fijian, I<{fi}> : Finnish, [I<{fiu}> : +Finno-Ugrian (Other)], I<{fon}> : Fon, I<{fr}> : French, I<{frm}> : Middle +French (ca.1400-1600), I<{fro}> : Old French (842-ca.1400), I<{fy}> : +Frisian, I<{fur}> : Friulian, I<{ful}> : Fulah, I<{gaa}> : Ga, I<{gd}> : +Scots Gaelic, I<{gl}> : Gallegan, I<{lug}> : Ganda, I<{gay}> : Gayo, +I<{gba}> : Gbaya, I<{gez}> : Geez, I<{ka}> : Georgian, I<{de}> : German, +I<{gmh}> : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), I<{goh}> : Old High German +(ca.750-1050), [I<{gem}> : Germanic (Other)], I<{gil}> : Gilbertese, +I<{gon}> : Gondi, I<{gor}> : Gorontalo, I<{got}> : Gothic, I<{grb}> : +Grebo, I<{grc}> : Ancient Greek (to 1453), I<{el}> : Modern Greek (1453-), +I<{gn}> : Guarani, I<{gu}> : Gujarati, I<{gwi}> : Gwich'in, I<{hai}> : +Haida, I<{ha}> : Hausa, I<{haw}> : Hawaiian, I<{he}> : Hebrew, I<{hz}> : +Herero, I<{hil}> : Hiligaynon, I<{him}> : Himachali, I<{hi}> : Hindi, +I<{ho}> : Hiri Motu, I<{hit}> : Hittite, I<{hmn}> : Hmong, I<{hu}> : +Hungarian, I<{hup}> : Hupa, I<{iba}> : Iban, I<{is}> : Icelandic, I<{ibo}> +: Igbo, I<{ijo}> : Ijo, I<{ilo}> : Iloko, [I<{inc}> : Indic (Other)], +[I<{ine}> : Indo-European (Other)], I<{id}> : Indonesian, I<{ia}> : +Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), I<{ie}> : +Interlingue, I<{iu}> : Inuktitut, I<{ik}> : Inupiaq, [I<{ira}> : Iranian +(Other)], I<{ga}> : Irish, I<{mga}> : Middle Irish (900-1200), I<{sga}> : +Old Irish (to 900), [I<{iro}> : Iroquoian languages], I<{it}> : Italian, +I<{ja}> : Japanese, I<{jw}> : Javanese, I<{jrb}> : Judeo-Arabic, I<{jpr}> : +Judeo-Persian, I<{kab}> : Kabyle, I<{kac}> : Kachin, I<{kl}> : Kalaallisut, +I<{kam}> : Kamba, I<{kn}> : Kannada, I<{kau}> : Kanuri, I<{kaa}> : +Kara-Kalpak, I<{kar}> : Karen, I<{ks}> : Kashmiri, I<{kaw}> : Kawi, I<{kk}> +: Kazakh, I<{kha}> : Khasi, I<{km}> : Khmer, [I<{khi}> : Khoisan (Other)], +I<{kho}> : Khotanese, I<{ki}> : Kikuyu, I<{kmb}> : Kimbundu, I<{rw}> : +Kinyarwanda, I<{ky}> : Kirghiz, I<{i-klingon}> : Klingon, I<{kv}> : Komi, +I<{kon}> : Kongo, I<{kok}> : Konkani, I<{ko}> : Korean, I<{kos}> : +Kosraean, I<{kpe}> : Kpelle, I<{kro}> : Kru, I<{kj}> : Kuanyama, I<{kum}> : +Kumyk, I<{ku}> : Kurdish, I<{kru}> : Kurukh, I<{kut}> : Kutenai, I<{lad}> : +Ladino, I<{lah}> : Lahnda, I<{lam}> : Lamba, I<{lo}> : Lao, I<{la}> : +Latin, I<{lv}> : Latvian, I<{lb}> : Letzeburgesch, I<{lez}> : Lezghian, +I<{ln}> : Lingala, I<{lt}> : Lithuanian, I<{nds}> : Low German, I<{loz}> : +Lozi, I<{lub}> : Luba-Katanga, I<{lua}> : Luba-Lulua, I<{lui}> : Luiseno, +I<{lun}> : Lunda, I<{luo}> : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), I<{lus}> : Lushai, +I<{mk}> : Macedonian, I<{mad}> : Madurese, I<{mag}> : Magahi, I<{mai}> : +Maithili, I<{mak}> : Makasar, I<{mg}> : Malagasy, I<{ms}> : Malay, I<{ml}> +: Malayalam, I<{mt}> : Maltese, I<{mnc}> : Manchu, I<{mdr}> : Mandar, +I<{man}> : Mandingo, I<{mni}> : Manipuri, [I<{mno}> : Manobo languages], +I<{gv}> : Manx, I<{mi}> : Maori, I<{mr}> : Marathi, I<{chm}> : Mari, +I<{mh}> : Marshall, I<{mwr}> : Marwari, I<{mas}> : Masai, [I<{myn}> : Mayan +languages], I<{men}> : Mende, I<{mic}> : Micmac, I<{min}> : Minangkabau, +I<{i-mingo}> : Mingo, [I<{mis}> : Miscellaneous languages], I<{moh}> : +Mohawk, I<{mo}> : Moldavian, [I<{mkh}> : Mon-Khmer (Other)], I<{lol}> : +Mongo, I<{mn}> : Mongolian, I<{mos}> : Mossi, [I<{mul}> : Multiple +languages], [I<{mun}> : Munda languages], I<{nah}> : Nahuatl, I<{na}> : +Nauru, I<{nv}> : Navajo, I<{nd}> : North Ndebele, I<{nr}> : South Ndebele, +I<{ng}> : Ndonga, I<{ne}> : Nepali, I<{new}> : Newari, I<{nia}> : Nias, +[I<{nic}> : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [I<{ssa}> : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], +I<{niu}> : Niuean, I<{non}> : Old Norse, [I<{nai}> : North American +Indian], I<{se}> : Northern Sami, I<{no}> : Norwegian, I<{nb}> : Norwegian +BokmEl, I<{nn}> : Norwegian Nynorsk, [I<{nub}> : Nubian languages], +I<{nym}> : Nyamwezi, I<{nyn}> : Nyankole, I<{nyo}> : Nyoro, I<{nzi}> : +Nzima, I<{oc}> : Occitan (post 1500), I<{oji}> : Ojibwa, I<{or}> : Oriya, +I<{om}> : Oromo, I<{osa}> : Osage, I<{os}> : Ossetian; Ossetic, [I<{oto}> : +Otomian languages], I<{pal}> : Pahlavi, I<{i-pwn}> : Paiwan, I<{pau}> : +Palauan, I<{pi}> : Pali, I<{pam}> : Pampanga, I<{pag}> : Pangasinan, +I<{pa}> : Panjabi, I<{pap}> : Papiamento, [I<{paa}> : Papuan (Other)], +I<{fa}> : Persian, I<{peo}> : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [I<{phi}> : +Philippine (Other)], I<{phn}> : Phoenician, I<{pon}> : Pohnpeian, I<{pl}> : +Polish, I<{pt}> : Portuguese, [I<{pra}> : Prakrit languages], I<{pro}> : +Old ProvenEal (to 1500), I<{ps}> : Pushto, I<{qu}> : Quechua, +I<{rm}> : Raeto-Romance, I<{raj}> : Rajasthani, I<{rap}> : Rapanui, +I<{rar}> : Rarotongan, [I<{qaa}>-I : Reserved for local use.], +[I<{roa}> : Romance (Other)], I<{ro}> : Romanian, I<{rom}> : Romany, +I<{rn}> : Rundi, I<{ru}> : Russian, [I<{sal}> : Salishan languages], +I<{sam}> : Samaritan Aramaic, [I<{smi}> : Sami languages (Other)], I<{sm}> +: Samoan, I<{sad}> : Sandawe, I<{sg}> : Sango, I<{sa}> : Sanskrit, I<{sat}> +: Santali, I<{sc}> : Sardinian, I<{sas}> : Sasak, I<{sco}> : Scots, +I<{sel}> : Selkup, [I<{sem}> : Semitic (Other)], I<{sr}> : Serbian, +I<{srr}> : Serer, I<{shn}> : Shan, I<{sn}> : Shona, I<{sid}> : Sidamo, +I<{sgn-...}> : Sign Languages, I<{bla}> : Siksika, I<{sd}> : Sindhi, +I<{si}> : Sinhalese, [I<{sit}> : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [I<{sio}> : Siouan +languages], I<{den}> : Slave (Athapascan), [I<{sla}> : Slavic (Other)], +I<{sk}> : Slovak, I<{sl}> : Slovenian, I<{sog}> : Sogdian, I<{so}> : +Somali, I<{son}> : Songhai, I<{snk}> : Soninke, I<{wen}> : Sorbian +languages, I<{nso}> : Northern Sotho, I<{st}> : Southern Sotho, [I<{sai}> : +South American Indian (Other)], I<{es}> : Spanish, I<{suk}> : Sukuma, +I<{sux}> : Sumerian, I<{su}> : Sundanese, I<{sus}> : Susu, I<{sw}> : +Swahili, I<{ss}> : Swati, I<{sv}> : Swedish, I<{syr}> : Syriac, I<{tl}> : +Tagalog, I<{ty}> : Tahitian, [I<{tai}> : Tai (Other)], I<{tg}> : Tajik, +I<{tmh}> : Tamashek, I<{ta}> : Tamil, I<{i-tao}> : Tao, I<{tt}> : Tatar, +I<{i-tay}> : Tayal, I<{te}> : Telugu, I<{ter}> : Tereno, I<{tet}> : Tetum, +I<{th}> : Thai, I<{bo}> : Tibetan, I<{tig}> : Tigre, I<{ti}> : Tigrinya, +I<{tem}> : Timne, I<{tiv}> : Tiv, I<{tli}> : Tlingit, I<{tpi}> : Tok Pisin, +I<{tkl}> : Tokelau, I<{tog}> : Tonga (Nyasa), I<{to}> : Tonga (Tonga +Islands), I<{tsi}> : Tsimshian, I<{ts}> : Tsonga, I<{i-tsu}> : Tsou, +I<{tn}> : Tswana, I<{tum}> : Tumbuka, I<{tr}> : Turkish, I<{ota}> : Ottoman +Turkish (1500-1928), I<{tk}> : Turkmen, I<{tvl}> : Tuvalu, I<{tyv}> : +Tuvinian, I<{tw}> : Twi, I<{uga}> : Ugaritic, I<{ug}> : Uighur, I<{uk}> : +Ukrainian, I<{umb}> : Umbundu, I<{und}> : Undetermined, I<{ur}> : Urdu, +I<{uz}> : Uzbek, I<{vai}> : Vai, I<{ven}> : Venda, I<{vi}> : Vietnamese, +I<{vo}> : VolapEk, I<{vot}> : Votic, [I<{wak}> : Wakashan languages], +I<{wal}> : Walamo, I<{war}> : Waray, I<{was}> : Washo, I<{cy}> : Welsh, +I<{wo}> : Wolof, I<{x-...}> : Unregistered (Private Use), I<{xh}> : Xhosa, +I<{sah}> : Yakut, I<{yao}> : Yao, I<{yap}> : Yapese, I<{yi}> : Yiddish, +I<{yo}> : Yoruba, [I<{ypk}> : Yupik languages], I<{znd}> : Zande, [I<{zap}> +: Zapotec], I<{zen}> : Zenaga, I<{za}> : Zhuang, I<{zu}> : Zulu, I<{zun}> : +Zuni -=item PACKAGE VARIABLES - -B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER -TopSystemUID +=item AUTHOR -=over +=back -=item WARNING +=head2 IO - load various IO modules -=item HISTORY +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHOR +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions +=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTE +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits +=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile + +=item METHODS + +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) + +=item METHODS + +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint + +=item NOTE =item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS + +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script +=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item KNOWN BUGS +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) -=item AUTHORS +=item METHODS + +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. +=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AVAILABILITY +=item METHODS -=item BUGS +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options +=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item Command Line Options, an Introduction +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell -=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=item HISTORY -=item Simple options +=back -=item A little bit less simple options +=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call -=item Mixing command line option with other arguments +=over 4 -=item Options with values +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Options with multiple values +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Options with hash values +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item User-defined subroutines to handle options +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) -=item Options with multiple names +=item METHODS -=item Case and abbreviations +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) -=item Summary of Option Specifications +=item EXAMPLE -!, +, s, i, f, : I [ I ] +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item Advanced Possibilities +=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications -=over +=over 4 -=item Documentation and help texts +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Storing options in a hash +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Bundling +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item The lonesome dash +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item Argument call-back +=item METHODS -=back +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) -=item Configuring Getopt::Long +=item SEE ALSO -default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, require_order, permute, bundling -(default: reset), bundling_override (default: reset), ignore_case -(default: set), ignore_case_always (default: reset), pass_through (default: -reset), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: reset) +=item AUTHOR -=item Return values and Errors +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Legacy +=back -=over +=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets -=item Default destinations +=over 4 -=item Alternative option starters +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Configuration variables +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item AUTHOR +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=over 4 -=back +=item METHODS -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() + +=back -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current -locale +=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=head2 IO - load various IO modules +new ( [ARGS] ) -=over +=item METHODS -=item SYNOPSIS +hostpath(), peerpath() -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory +handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7650,9 +11451,9 @@ rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =back -=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7672,9 +11473,10 @@ open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) =back -=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O +handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7701,9 +11503,9 @@ $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint =back -=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7725,9 +11527,9 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =back -=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7746,23 +11548,29 @@ IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =back -=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for +I/O objects -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell + =item SEE ALSO =item HISTORY =back -=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system +call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7786,9 +11594,10 @@ count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) =back -=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket +communications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7800,8 +11609,8 @@ new ( [ARGS] ) =item METHODS -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) =item SEE ALSO @@ -7811,9 +11620,10 @@ sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected =back -=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for +AF_INET domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7823,7 +11633,7 @@ sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected new ( [ARGS] ) -=over +=over 4 =item METHODS @@ -7840,9 +11650,10 @@ sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost =back -=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for +AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7864,17 +11675,19 @@ hostpath(), peerpath() =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory -handles +=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +=item METHODS + +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat =item SEE ALSO @@ -7884,73 +11697,87 @@ rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item WARNING -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile +=item SEE ALSO -=item METHODS +=back -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error +handling -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item HISTORY +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item WARNING =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O -handles +=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) - =item METHODS -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint - -=item NOTE +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat =item SEE ALSO -=item BUGS +=item AUTHOR -=item HISTORY +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +ftok( PATH, ID ) -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =item METHODS -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat =item SEE ALSO @@ -7960,9 +11787,10 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object +class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7970,8 +11798,10 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =item METHODS -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat =item SEE ALSO @@ -7981,260 +11811,376 @@ IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for -I/O objects +=head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, sum LIST -=item HISTORY +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system -call +=head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of +general-utility list subroutines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, sum LIST -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS -=item METHODS +=item COPYRIGHT -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +=back -=item EXAMPLE +=head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of +general-utility scalar subroutines -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype +EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =item COPYRIGHT +=item BLATANT PLUG + =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket -communications +=head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=item METHODS - -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for -AF_INET domain sockets +=head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=back + +=over 4 + =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +B, B, B -new ( [ARGS] ) +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item QUERY ROUTINES + +C, C =back +=over 4 + +=item CODE ALIASING + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item DOMAIN NAMES + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS + =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, +http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, +http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for -AF_UNIX domain sockets +=head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency +identification (ISO 4217) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=back + +=over 4 + =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +XTS, XXX -new ( [ARGS] ) +=back -=item METHODS +=over 4 -hostpath(), peerpath() +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES + +code2currency(), currency2code() + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item QUERY ROUTINES + +C, C + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification +(ISO 639) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=back + +=over 4 + =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=back -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +=over 4 + +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES + +code2language(), language2code() + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item QUERY ROUTINES + +C, C + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing +=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item WARNING +=item QUICK OVERVIEW + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item Construction Methods + +$lh = YourProjClass->get_handle( ...langtags... ) || die "lg-handle?";, $lh += YourProjClass->get_handleB<()> || die "lg-handle?";, $lh = +YourProjClass::langname->new();, $lh->init();, +YourProjClass->fallback_languages(), +YourProjClass->fallback_language_classes() + +=item The "maketext" Method + +$lh->fail_with I $lh->fail_with(I), $lh->failure_handler_auto + +=item Utility Methods + +$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, +$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), +$language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), +$language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() + +=item Language Handle Attributes and Internals + +=back + +=item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES + +=item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON + +=item BRACKET NOTATION + +=item AUTO LEXICONS + +=item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE + +=item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error -handling +=head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item WARNING +=item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes -=back +=over 4 -=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class +=item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You -=over +=item The Linguistic View -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Breaking gettext -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Replacing gettext -=item METHODS +=item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +=item Buzzword: Isomorphism -=item SEE ALSO +=item Buzzword: Inheritance -=item AUTHOR +=item Buzzword: Concision -=item COPYRIGHT +=item The Devil in the Details + +=item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites + +=item References =back -=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants +=back + +=head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -ftok( PATH, ID ) +encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) -=item SEE ALSO +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item AUTHORS +Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data + +=item EXAMPLES =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding +of quoted-printable strings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR +encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object -class +=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable +strings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR +encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT @@ -8242,7 +12188,7 @@ set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8259,7 +12205,7 @@ performed =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8280,7 +12226,7 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8292,7 +12238,7 @@ functions =item STRINGIFICATION -=over +=over 4 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 @@ -8312,7 +12258,7 @@ functions =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8322,7 +12268,7 @@ functions B -=over +=over 4 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO @@ -8334,7 +12280,7 @@ B =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS -=over +=over 4 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS @@ -8345,10 +12291,16 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES +=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS =item EXAMPLES +=over 4 + +=item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS + +=back + =item BUGS =item AUTHORS @@ -8357,33 +12309,61 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +C, C, C + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS + +=back + +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR + +=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external + +=over 4 =item Functions Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =back -=item WARNING - =item NOTES =back @@ -8391,7 +12371,7 @@ $timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8408,7 +12388,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8425,7 +12405,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8440,7 +12420,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8456,7 +12436,7 @@ functions =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8472,17 +12452,29 @@ functions =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS + =back =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8510,7 +12502,7 @@ opdump (PAT) =back -=over +=over 4 =item Predefined Opcode Tags @@ -8528,7 +12520,7 @@ opdump (PAT) =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8538,7 +12530,7 @@ a new namespace, an operator mask =item WARNING -=over +=over 4 =item RECENT CHANGES @@ -8562,7 +12554,7 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8574,7 +12566,7 @@ compiling =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8606,16 +12598,16 @@ rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, -strncat, strncmp, strncpy, stroul, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, -strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, -tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, -tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, -ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, -wcstombs, wctomb, write +strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, +strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, +tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, +tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, +unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, +wctomb, write =item CLASSES -=over +=over 4 =item POSIX::SigAction @@ -8699,19 +12691,68 @@ Constants Constants, Macros -=item CREATION +=back + +=head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* +name space + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw + +=over 4 + +=item Defaults and how to override them + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +$class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), +$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), +$class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), +$obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), +$obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), +$obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) =back =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS -=over +=over 4 =item podchecker() @@ -8723,7 +12764,7 @@ B<-warnings> =E I =item DIAGNOSTICS -=over +=over 4 =item Errors @@ -8740,12 +12781,16 @@ after =back =item Warnings multiple occurence of link target I, line containing nothing but -whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, No numeric -argument for =over, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item -paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I vs. I), I unescaped -CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument -for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME -section, Hyperlinks +whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has +no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I +vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No +items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section + +=item Hyperlinks + +ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' +deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or / =back @@ -8757,6 +12802,8 @@ section, Hyperlinks =back +Cnew( %options )> + C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, @args )> @@ -8770,7 +12817,7 @@ C<$checker-Eidx()> C<$checker-Ehyperlink()> -=over +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -8778,15 +12825,45 @@ C<$checker-Ehyperlink()> =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=back + +=over 4 -B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> +=item C + +C<-verbose =E 1>, C<-perl =E 1>, C<-script =E 1>, C<-inc =E +1> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E +1> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -8796,7 +12873,7 @@ B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8804,9 +12881,9 @@ B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> =item ARGUMENTS -backlink, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile, -libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title, -verbose +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, +infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, +title, verbose =item EXAMPLE @@ -8823,7 +12900,7 @@ verbose =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8833,216 +12910,216 @@ commands, etc. =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, -B +package B, package B, package +B, package B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::Paragraph-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::InteriorSequence-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::InteriorSequence::B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::ParseTree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::ParseTree::B =back -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -9050,21 +13127,141 @@ B =back +=head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item OBJECT METHODS + +C + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Data Accessors + +B + +=back + +B + +B + +B