X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=617ed2390f2bc21729319d06b9ba26a6593761c1;hb=c4f1ce08c1c189f6f2a738bd05fe6603760d0e85;hp=88456bb95ffd7ace15986f7b0f8ce97981ecf769;hpb=93d73c42a7dc0b497a6a2eb40edcb6429896653c;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index 88456bb..617ed23 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -13,21 +13,27 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Overview + +=item Tutorials + +=item Reference Manual + +=item Internals and C Language Interface + +=item Miscellaneous + +=item Platform-Specific + +=back -modularity and reusability using innumerable modules, embeddable and -extensible, roll-your-own magic variables (including multiple simultaneous -DBM implementations), subroutines can now be overridden, autoloaded, and -prototyped, arbitrarily nested data structures and anonymous functions, -object-oriented programming, compilability into C code or Perl bytecode, -support for light-weight processes (threads), support for -internationalization, localization, and Unicode, lexical scoping, regular -expression enhancements, enhanced debugger and interactive Perl -environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library +=item DESCRIPTION =item AVAILABILITY @@ -47,287 +53,121 @@ environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library =back -=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 -20:38:02 $) - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, L: General Questions -About Perl, What is Perl?, Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it -free?, Which version of Perl should I use?, What are perl4 and perl5?, What -is perl6?, How stable is Perl?, Is Perl difficult to learn?, How does Perl -compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?, Can -I do [task] in Perl?, When shouldn't I program in Perl?, What's the -difference between "perl" and "Perl"?, Is it a Perl program or a Perl -script?, What is a JAPH?, Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?, -How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?, L: Obtaining and -Learning about Perl, What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?, How -can I get a binary version of Perl?, I don't have a C compiler on my -system. How can I compile perl?, I copied the Perl binary from one machine -to another, but scripts don't work, I grabbed the sources and tried to -compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make -it work?, What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is -CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?, Is there an ISO or ANSI certified -version of Perl?, Where can I get information on Perl?, What are the Perl -newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?, Where should I post -source code?, Perl Books, Perl in Magazines, Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW -Access, What mailing lists are there for perl?, Archives of -comp.lang.perl.misc, Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?, Where -do I send bug reports?, What is perl.com?, L: Programming Tools, -How do I do (anything)?, How can I use Perl interactively?, Is there a Perl -shell?, How do I debug my Perl programs?, How do I profile my Perl -programs?, How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?, Is there a -pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?, Is there a ctags for Perl?, Is there -an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?, Where can I get Perl macros for vi?, Where -can I get perl-mode for emacs?, How can I use curses with Perl?, How can I -use X or Tk with Perl?, How can I generate simple menus without using CGI -or Tk?, What is undump?, How can I make my Perl program run faster?, How -can I make my Perl program take less memory?, Is it unsafe to return a -pointer to local data?, How can I free an array or hash so my program -shrinks?, How can I make my CGI script more efficient?, How can I hide the -source for my Perl program?, How can I compile my Perl program into byte -code or C?, How can I compile Perl into Java?, How can I get C<#!perl> to -work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?, Can I write useful perl programs on the command -line?, Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?, Where can -I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?, Where can I learn about -object-oriented Perl programming?, Where can I learn about linking C with -Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp], I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't -embed perl in my C program, what am I doing wrong?, When I tried to run my -script, I got this message. What does it mean?, What's MakeMaker?, -L: Data Manipulation, Why am I getting long decimals (eg, -19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?, -Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?, Does Perl have a round() -function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?, How do I -convert bits into ints?, Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?, How do I -multiply matrices?, How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?, -How can I output Roman numerals?, Why aren't my random numbers random?, How -do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?, How do I find the current -century or millennium?, How can I compare two dates and find the -difference?, How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?, How -can I find the Julian Day?, How do I find yesterday's date?, Does Perl have -a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?, How do I validate input?, How -do I unescape a string?, How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?, -How do I expand function calls in a string?, How do I find matching/nesting -anything?, How do I reverse a string?, How do I expand tabs in a string?, -How do I reformat a paragraph?, How can I access/change the first N letters -of a string?, How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?, How can I -count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?, How do I -capitalize all the words on one line?, How can I split a [character] -delimited string except when inside [character]? (Comma-separated files), -How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?, How do I -pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?, How do I extract -selected columns from a string?, How do I find the soundex value of a -string?, How can I expand variables in text strings?, What's wrong with -always quoting "$vars"?, Why don't my <: Files and Formats, How do I flush/unbuffer an output -filehandle? Why must I do this?, How do I change one line in a file/delete -a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the -beginning of a file?, How do I count the number of lines in a file?, How do -I make a temporary file name?, How can I manipulate fixed-record-length -files?, How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?, -How can I use a filehandle indirectly?, How can I set up a footer format to -be used with write()?, How can I write() into a string?, How can I output -my numbers with commas added?, How can I translate tildes (~) in a -filename?, How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?, Why do -I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?, Is there a -leak/bug in glob()?, How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing -blanks?, How can I reliably rename a file?, How can I lock a file?, Why -can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?, I still don't get locking. I just -want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?, How do I -randomly update a binary file?, How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?, -How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?, How do I print to more than one -file at once?, How can I read in an entire file all at once?, How can I -read in a file by paragraphs?, How can I read a single character from a -file? From the keyboard?, How can I tell whether there's a character -waiting on a filehandle?, How do I do a C in perl?, How do I dup() -a filehandle in Perl?, How do I close a file descriptor by number?, Why -can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` -work?, Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?, Why does Perl let me -delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber protected files? Isn't -this a bug in Perl?, How do I select a random line from a file?, Why do I -get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?, L: Regexps, How -can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and -unmaintainable code?, I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. -What's wrong?, How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are -themselves on different lines?, I put a regular expression into $/ but it -didn't work. What's wrong?, How do I substitute case insensitively on the -LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?, How can I make C<\w> match national -character sets?, How can I match a locale-smart version of C?, -How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?, What is C really for?, -How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?, -Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?, What does it -mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?, How do I process -each word on each line?, How can I print out a word-frequency or -line-frequency summary?, How can I do approximate matching?, How do I -efficiently match many regular expressions at once?, Why don't -word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?, Why does using $&, $`, or -$' slow my program down?, What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?, Are -Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?, What's wrong with -using grep or map in a void context?, How can I match strings with -multibyte characters?, How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the -user?, L: General Perl Language Issues, Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE -for the Perl language?, What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how -do I know when to use them?, Do I always/never have to quote my strings or -use semicolons and commas?, How do I skip some return values?, How do I -temporarily block warnings?, What's an extension?, Why do Perl operators -have different precedence than C operators?, How do I declare/create a -structure?, How do I create a module?, How do I create a class?, How can I -tell if a variable is tainted?, What's a closure?, What is variable suicide -and how can I prevent it?, How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, -Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?, How do I create a static variable?, What's -the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between -local() and my()?, How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly -named lexical is in scope?, What's the difference between deep and shallow -binding?, Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right?, How do I redefine a -builtin function, operator, or method?, What's the difference between -calling a function as &foo and foo()?, How do I create a switch or case -statement?, How can I catch accesses to undefined -variables/functions/methods?, Why can't a method included in this same file -be found?, How can I find out my current package?, How can I comment out a -large block of perl code?, How do I clear a package?, How can I use a -variable as a variable name?, L: System Interaction, How do I -find out which operating system I'm running under?, How come exec() doesn't -return?, How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?, How do I -print something out in color?, How do I read just one key without waiting -for a return key?, How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?, -How do I clear the screen?, How do I get the screen size?, How do I ask the -user for a password?, How do I read and write the serial port?, How do I -decode encrypted password files?, How do I start a process in the -background?, How do I trap control characters/signals?, How do I modify the -shadow password file on a Unix system?, How do I set the time and date?, -How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?, How can I measure time -under a second?, How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception -handling), Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? -What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?, How can I call -my system's unique C functions from Perl?, Where do I get the include files -to do ioctl() or syscall()?, Why do setuid perl scripts complain about -kernel problems?, How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?, Why -can't I get the output of a command with system()?, How can I capture -STDERR from an external command?, Why doesn't open() return an error when a -pipe open fails?, What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?, How -can I call backticks without shell processing?, Why can't my script read -from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?, How can I -convert my shell script to perl?, Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp -session?, How can I write expect in Perl?, Is there a way to hide perl's -command line from programs such as "ps"?, I {changed directory, modified my -environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I -exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?, How do I close -a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?, How do I fork a -daemon process?, How do I make my program run with sh and csh?, How do I -find out if I'm running interactively or not?, How do I timeout a slow -event?, How do I set CPU limits?, How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?, -How do I use an SQL database?, How do I make a system() exit on control-C?, -How do I open a file without blocking?, How do I install a module from -CPAN?, What's the difference between require and use?, How do I keep my own -module/library directory?, How do I add the directory my program lives in -to the module/library search path?, How do I add a directory to my include -path at runtime?, What is socket.ph and where do I get it?, L: -Networking, My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. -(500 Server Error), How can I get better error messages from a CGI -program?, How do I remove HTML from a string?, How do I extract URLs?, How -do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on -another machine?, How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?, How do I fetch an -HTML file?, How do I automate an HTML form submission?, How do I decode or -create those %-encodings on the web?, How do I redirect to another page?, -How do I put a password on my web pages?, How do I edit my .htpasswd and -.htgroup files with Perl?, How do I make sure users can't enter values into -a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?, How do I parse a mail -header?, How do I decode a CGI form?, How do I check a valid mail address?, -How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?, How do I return the user's mail -address?, How do I send mail?, How do I read mail?, How do I find out my -hostname/domainname/IP address?, How do I fetch a news article or the -active newsgroups?, How do I fetch/put an FTP file?, How can I do RPC in -Perl? - -=over +=head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl -=item Where to get this document +=over 4 -=item How to contribute to this document +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=over 4 -=back +=item What is Perl? -=item Credits +=item Running Perl programs -=item Author and Copyright Information +=item Basic syntax overview -=over +=item Perl variable types -=item Bundled Distributions +Scalars, Arrays, Hashes -=item Disclaimer +=item Variable scoping -=back +=item Conditional and looping constructs -=item Changes +if, while, for, foreach + +=item Builtin operators and functions + +Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic, +Miscellaneous + +=item Files and I/O + +=item Regular expressions + +Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions, +Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features + +=item Writing subroutines + +=item OO Perl + +=item Using Perl modules + +=back -23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, -25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents +=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2001/11/19 +17:09:37 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item BASIC DOCUMENTATION +=over 4 + +=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. + +=item L: General Questions About Perl + +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl + +=item L: Programming Tools + +=item L: Data Manipulation + +=item L: Files and Formats + +=item L: Regexps + +=item L: General Perl Language Issues + +=item L: System Interaction + +=item L: Networking + +=back + +=item About the perlfaq documents + +=over 4 -=over +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, AVAILABILITY, ENVIRONMENT, AUTHOR, FILES, SEE ALSO, -DIAGNOSTICS, BUGS, NOTES +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors + +=back + +=item Credits + +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 -20:38:02 $) +=over 4 -DESCRIPTION +=item Bundled Distributions + +=item Disclaimer =back +=item Changes + +1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, +24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, +Initial Release: 11/March/97 + =back =head2 perlbook - Perl book information -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -335,11 +175,11 @@ DESCRIPTION =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Declarations @@ -367,11 +207,11 @@ DESCRIPTION =head2 perldata - Perl data types -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Variable names @@ -395,13 +235,13 @@ DESCRIPTION =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) @@ -462,7 +302,7 @@ unary &, unary *, (TYPE) ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, < FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, -chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, -connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, -dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete -EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, -each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, -exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, -fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, -getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam -NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname -NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, -getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, -goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, -import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, -last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, -link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, -lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, -mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, -msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : -ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open -FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir -DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package +chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr +NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir +DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt +PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, +defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, +dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval +BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, +fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock +FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, +getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority +WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname +NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname +NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, +getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, +gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, +sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent +STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, +endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, +glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep +EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index +STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join +EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, +lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen +SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log, +lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, +mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv +ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, +next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord +EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, @@ -608,14 +446,14 @@ SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, -sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, -splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, -sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, -study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr -EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort +BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice +ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf +FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek @@ -636,7 +474,7 @@ LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -646,7 +484,7 @@ LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// =item Syntax -=over +=over 4 =item Making References @@ -666,7 +504,7 @@ LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// =item Credits -=over +=over 4 =item Distribution Conditions @@ -676,7 +514,7 @@ LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -697,19 +535,19 @@ more elaborate constructs =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=over +=over 4 -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS =back =item HASHES OF ARRAYS -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS @@ -721,19 +559,19 @@ more elaborate constructs =item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=over +=over 4 -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES =back =item HASHES OF HASHES -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES @@ -745,7 +583,7 @@ more elaborate constructs =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS @@ -765,25 +603,18 @@ more elaborate constructs =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item The Guide -=over +=over 4 =item Simple word matching =item Using character classes -\d is a digit and represents [0-9], \s is a whitespace character and -represents [\ \t\r\n\f], \w is a word character (alphanumeric or _) and -represents [0-9a-zA-Z_], \D is a negated \d; it represents any character -but a digit [^0-9], \S is a negated \s; it represents any non-whitespace -character [^\s], \W is a negated \w; it represents any non-word character -[^\w], The period '.' matches any character but "\n" - =item Matching this or that =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching @@ -792,12 +623,6 @@ character [^\s], \W is a negated \w; it represents any non-word character =item Matching repetitions -C = match 'a' 1 or 0 times, C = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e., -any number of times, C = match 'a' 1 or more times, i.e., at least -once, C = match at least C times, but not more than C times, -C = match at least C or more times, C = match exactly C -times - =item More matching =item Search and replace @@ -812,7 +637,7 @@ times =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over +=over 4 =item Acknowledgments @@ -820,28 +645,81 @@ times =back -=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation +=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 + +=item Ordinary Paragraph =item Verbatim Paragraph =item Command Paragraph -=item Ordinary Block of Text +C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item +I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end +I>, C<=for I I> + +=item Formatting Codes + +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used +for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, +Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null +(zero-effect) formatting code =item The Intent =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules -=item Common Pod Pitfalls +=item Hints for Writing Pod + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back +=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and +notes + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Pod Definitions + +=item Pod Commands + +"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", +"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..." + +=item Pod Formatting Codes + +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for +filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a +null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text +contains non-breaking spaces + +=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors + +=item About LE...E Codes + +First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: + +=item About =over...=back Regions + +=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions + =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -850,7 +728,7 @@ times =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -858,11 +736,11 @@ times =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Awk Traps @@ -889,7 +767,7 @@ Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance =item Parsing Traps -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing =item Numerical Traps @@ -943,13 +821,13 @@ LIMIT specified =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems @@ -973,13 +851,14 @@ B<-x> I HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, -PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) +PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to +the VMS port) =back =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -987,11 +866,11 @@ PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings @@ -1021,7 +900,7 @@ B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -1055,13 +934,13 @@ B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item The Perl Debugger -=over +=over 4 =item Debugger Commands @@ -1073,16 +952,17 @@ b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] +cmd, @ file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man +[manpage] =item Configurable Options C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C =item Debugger input/output @@ -1113,43 +993,44 @@ listing =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Predefined Names -$ARG, $_, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, -input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, -input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, -autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", -$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE -EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as -C, C<$&> is the same as C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same -as C, C<$2> is the same as -C, C<$3> is the same as C, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, -format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, -format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, -$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, -$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, -$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, -$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, -$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, -$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, -$OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, +HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, +IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, +IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, +$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, +HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, +HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, +HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, +@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as +C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> +is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as +C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), +$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, +$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, +$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, +$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, +$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), +$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, +$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, +${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, -$BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, -${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, -%ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +$BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, +${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, +$ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} =item Error Indicators @@ -1163,10 +1044,12 @@ ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays =item Growing Your Own @@ -1175,6 +1058,8 @@ ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, =item Slices +=back + =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -1183,13 +1068,13 @@ ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Open E la shell -=over +=over 4 =item Simple Opens @@ -1205,7 +1090,7 @@ ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, =item Open E la C -=over +=over 4 =item Permissions E la mode @@ -1213,7 +1098,7 @@ ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, =item Obscure Open Tricks -=over +=over 4 =item Re-Opening Files (dups) @@ -1229,7 +1114,7 @@ ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, =item Other I/O Issues -=over +=over 4 =item Opening Non-File Files @@ -1247,111 +1132,109 @@ ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, =back +=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item The Basic Principle + +=item Packing Text + +=item Packing Numbers + +=over 4 + +=item Integers + +=item Unpacking a Stack Frame + +=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net + +=item Floating point Numbers + +=back + +=item Exotic Templates + +=over 4 + +=item Bit Strings + +=item Uuencoding + +=item Doing Sums + +=item Unicode + +=item Another Portable Binary Encoding + +=back + +=item Lengths and Widths + +=over 4 + +=item String Lengths + +=item Dynamic Templates + +=back + +=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures + +=over 4 + +=item The Alignment Pit + +=item Alignment, Take 2 + +=item Alignment, Take 3 + +=item Pointers for How to Use Them + +=back + +=item Pack Recipes + +=item Funnies Section + +=item Authors + +=back + =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Part 1: The basics -=over +=over 4 =item Simple word matching =item Using character classes -\d is a digit and represents [0-9], \s is a whitespace character and -represents [\ \t\r\n\f], \w is a word character (alphanumeric or _) and -represents [0-9a-zA-Z_], \D is a negated \d; it represents any character -but a digit [^0-9], \S is a negated \s; it represents any non-whitespace -character [^\s], \W is a negated \w; it represents any non-word character -[^\w], The period '.' matches any character but "\n", no modifiers (//): -Default behavior. C<'.'> matches any character except C<"\n">. C<^> -matches only at the beginning of the string and C<$> matches only at the -end or before a newline at the end, s modifier (//s): Treat string as a -single long line. C<'.'> matches any character, even C<"\n">. C<^> -matches only at the beginning of the string and C<$> matches only at the -end or before a newline at the end, m modifier (//m): Treat string as a set -of multiple lines. C<'.'> matches any character except C<"\n">. C<^> and -C<$> are able to match at the start or end of I line within the -string, both s and m modifiers (//sm): Treat string as a single long line, -but detect multiple lines. C<'.'> matches any character, even C<"\n">. -C<^> and C<$>, however, are able to match at the start or end of I -line within the string - =item Matching this or that =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -0 Start with the first letter in the string 'a', 1 Try the first -alternative in the first group 'abd', 2 Match 'a' followed by 'b'. So far -so good, 3 'd' in the regexp doesn't match 'c' in the string - a dead end. -So backtrack two characters and pick the second alternative in the first -group 'abc', 4 Match 'a' followed by 'b' followed by 'c'. We are on a roll -and have satisfied the first group. Set $1 to 'abc', 5 Move on to the -second group and pick the first alternative 'df', 6 Match the 'd', 7 'f' in -the regexp doesn't match 'e' in the string, so a dead end. Backtrack one -character and pick the second alternative in the second group 'd', 8 'd' -matches. The second grouping is satisfied, so set $2 to 'd', 9 We are at -the end of the regexp, so we are done! We have matched 'abcd' out of the -string "abcde" - =item Extracting matches =item Matching repetitions -C = match 'a' 1 or 0 times, C = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e., -any number of times, C = match 'a' 1 or more times, i.e., at least -once, C = match at least C times, but not more than C times, -C = match at least C or more times, C = match exactly C -times, Principle 0: Taken as a whole, any regexp will be matched at the -earliest possible position in the string, Principle 1: In an alternation -C, the leftmost alternative that allows a match for the whole -regexp will be the one used, Principle 2: The maximal matching quantifiers -C, C<*>, C<+> and C<{n,m}> will in general match as much of the string -as possible while still allowing the whole regexp to match, Principle 3: If -there are two or more elements in a regexp, the leftmost greedy quantifier, -if any, will match as much of the string as possible while still allowing -the whole regexp to match. The next leftmost greedy quantifier, if any, -will try to match as much of the string remaining available to it as -possible, while still allowing the whole regexp to match. And so on, until -all the regexp elements are satisfied, C = match 'a' 0 or 1 times. Try -0 first, then 1, C = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e., any number of -times, but as few times as possible, C = match 'a' 1 or more times, -i.e., at least once, but as few times as possible, C = match at -least C times, not more than C times, as few times as possible, -C = match at least C times, but as few times as possible, -C = match exactly C times. Because we match exactly C times, -C is equivalent to C and is just there for notational -consistency, Principle 3: If there are two or more elements in a regexp, -the leftmost greedy (non-greedy) quantifier, if any, will match as much -(little) of the string as possible while still allowing the whole regexp to -match. The next leftmost greedy (non-greedy) quantifier, if any, will try -to match as much (little) of the string remaining available to it as -possible, while still allowing the whole regexp to match. And so on, until -all the regexp elements are satisfied, 0 Start with the first letter in the -string 't', 1 The first quantifier '.*' starts out by matching the whole -string 'the cat in the hat', 2 'a' in the regexp element 'at' doesn't match -the end of the string. Backtrack one character, 3 'a' in the regexp -element 'at' still doesn't match the last letter of the string 't', so -backtrack one more character, 4 Now we can match the 'a' and the 't', 5 -Move on to the third element '.*'. Since we are at the end of the string -and '.*' can match 0 times, assign it the empty string, 6 We are done! - =item Building a regexp -specifying the task in detail,, breaking down the problem into smaller -parts,, translating the small parts into regexps,, combining the regexps,, -and optimizing the final combined regexp - =item Using regular expressions in Perl =back =item Part 2: Power tools -=over +=over 4 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes @@ -1379,7 +1262,7 @@ and optimizing the final combined regexp =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over +=over 4 =item Acknowledgments @@ -1389,17 +1272,17 @@ and optimizing the final combined regexp =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION i, m, s, x -=over +=over 4 =item Regular Expressions -cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit =item Extended Patterns @@ -1435,13 +1318,13 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures -=over +=over 4 =item NOTE =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Making References @@ -1465,11 +1348,11 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =head2 perlform - Perl formats -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Format Variables @@ -1477,7 +1360,7 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item NOTES -=over +=over 4 =item Footers @@ -1491,11 +1374,11 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item If we could talk to the animals... @@ -1549,13 +1432,13 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Creating a Class -=over +=over 4 =item Object Representation @@ -1573,7 +1456,7 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item Class Data -=over +=over 4 =item Accessing Class Data @@ -1589,7 +1472,7 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item Inheritance -=over +=over 4 =item Overridden Methods @@ -1601,7 +1484,7 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item Alternate Object Representations -=over +=over 4 =item Arrays as Objects @@ -1611,7 +1494,7 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods -=over +=over 4 =item Autoloaded Data Methods @@ -1621,14 +1504,18 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item Metaclassical Tools -=over +=over 4 =item Class::Struct =item Data Members as Variables +=back + =item NOTES +=over 4 + =item Object Terminology =back @@ -1639,7 +1526,7 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item COPYRIGHT -=over +=over 4 =item Acknowledgments @@ -1647,15 +1534,17 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =back -=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +=item Class Data in a Can + =item Class Data as Package Variables -=over +=over 4 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket @@ -1673,7 +1562,7 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item Class Data as Lexical Variables -=over +=over 4 =item Privacy and Responsibility @@ -1701,11 +1590,11 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =head2 perlobj - Perl objects -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item An Object is Simply a Reference @@ -1715,7 +1604,7 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =item Method Invocation -=item WARNING +=item Indirect Object Syntax =item Default UNIVERSAL methods @@ -1735,7 +1624,7 @@ isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -1765,13 +1654,13 @@ isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Tying Scalars @@ -1781,7 +1670,10 @@ DESTROY this =item Tying Arrays TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -UNTIE this, DESTROY this +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this =item Tying Hashes @@ -1812,7 +1704,7 @@ DESTROY this =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -1820,7 +1712,7 @@ safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) =item Named Pipes -=over +=over 4 =item WARNING @@ -1828,7 +1720,7 @@ safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) =item Using open() for IPC -=over +=over 4 =item Filehandles @@ -1846,7 +1738,7 @@ safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication -=over +=over 4 =item Internet Line Terminators @@ -1858,7 +1750,7 @@ safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket -=over +=over 4 =item A Simple Client @@ -1888,15 +1780,15 @@ Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse =back -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes @@ -1928,7 +1820,7 @@ application, Thread-safety of extensions =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -1953,7 +1845,15 @@ string =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl -=over +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -1961,7 +1861,7 @@ string =item Threaded Program Models -=over +=over 4 =item Boss/Worker @@ -1979,7 +1879,7 @@ string =item Thread Basics -=over +=over 4 =item Basic Thread Support @@ -1997,7 +1897,7 @@ string =item Threads And Data -=over +=over 4 =item Shared And Unshared Data @@ -2013,7 +1913,7 @@ string =item Threads And Code -=over +=over 4 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access @@ -2031,7 +1931,7 @@ Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores =item General Thread Utility Routines -=over +=over 4 =item What Thread Am I In? @@ -2049,7 +1949,7 @@ Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores =item Bibliography -=over +=over 4 =item Introductory Texts @@ -2069,7 +1969,7 @@ Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -2078,7 +1978,7 @@ portable =item ISSUES -=over +=over 4 =item Newlines @@ -2115,14 +2015,12 @@ http://testers.cpan.org/ =item PLATFORMS -=over +=over 4 =item Unix =item DOS and Derivatives -Build instructions for OS/2, L - =item S =item VMS @@ -2139,32 +2037,33 @@ Build instructions for OS/2, L =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS -=over +=over 4 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, -getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, -getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, -getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, -setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, -setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, -endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, -ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, -lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, -msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, -open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, -select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock +FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority +WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, +getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, +kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, +lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv +ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe +READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select +RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, -symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS @@ -2173,12 +2072,12 @@ wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS =item CHANGES -v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, -v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May -1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December -1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August -1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, -v1.23, 10 July 1998 +v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, +v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 +May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February +1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September +1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, +v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 =item Supported Platforms @@ -2193,7 +2092,7 @@ v1.23, 10 July 1998 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -2201,7 +2100,7 @@ localization) =item USING LOCALES -=over +=over 4 =item The use locale pragma @@ -2221,11 +2120,13 @@ localization) =item The localeconv function +=item I18N::Langinfo + =back =item LOCALE CATEGORIES -=over +=over 4 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation @@ -2243,15 +2144,6 @@ localization) =item SECURITY -B (C, C, C, C and C):, -B (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>), -B (C):, B (C):, -B (printf() and write()):, B (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B (localeconv(), strcoll(), strftime(), strxfrm()):, B (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(), isgraph(), -islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(), isxdigit()): - =item ENVIRONMENT PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, @@ -2259,7 +2151,7 @@ LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG =item NOTES -=over +=over 4 =item Backward compatibility @@ -2279,7 +2171,7 @@ LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG =item BUGS -=over +=over 4 =item Broken systems @@ -2291,42 +2183,115 @@ LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG =back +=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Unicode + +=item Perl's Unicode Support + +=item Perl's Unicode Model + +=item Creating Unicode + +=item Handling Unicode + +=item Legacy Encodings + +=item Unicode I/O + +=item Displaying Unicode As Text + +=item Special Cases + +=item Advanced Topics + +=item Miscellaneous + +=item Questions With Answers + +Will My Old Scripts Break?, How Do I Make My Scripts Work With Unicode?, +How Do I Know Whether My String Is In Unicode?, How Do I Detect Invalid +UTF-8?, How Do I Convert Data Into UTF-8? Or Vice Versa?, How Do I Display +Unicode? How Do I Input Unicode?, How Does Unicode Work With Traditional +Locales? + +=item Hexadecimal Notation + +=item Further Resources + +=back + +=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE + +=back + =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Important Caveat +=item Important Caveats Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed -to enable a few features +to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts =item Byte and Character semantics =item Effects of character semantics +=item Scripts + +=item Blocks + =item Character encodings for input and output =back =item CAVEATS +=item UNICODE REGULAR EXPRESSION SUPPORT LEVEL + +=over 4 + +=item Unicode Encodings + +UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF16-LE, Surrogates, and BOMs (Byte Order Marks), +UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF32-LE, UCS-2, UCS-4, UTF-7 + +=item Security Implications of Malformed UTF-8 + +=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC + +=back + =item SEE ALSO =back =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS -=over +=over 4 =item ASCII @@ -2344,16 +2309,28 @@ to enable a few features =item POSIX-BC +=item Unicode and UTF + =back =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES -recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4 +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS =item CONVERSIONS +=over 4 + +=item tr/// + +=item iconv + +=item C RTL + +=back + =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES @@ -2366,7 +2343,7 @@ chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() =item SORTING -=over +=over 4 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. @@ -2378,7 +2355,21 @@ chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() =back -=item URL ENCODING and DECODING +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS + +=over 4 + +=item URL decoding and encoding + +=item uu encoding and decoding + +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding + +=item Caesarian ciphers + +=back + +=item Hashing order and checksums =item I18N AND L10N @@ -2386,15 +2377,15 @@ chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() =item OS ISSUES -=over +=over 4 =item OS/400 IFS access -=item OS/390 +=item OS/390, z/OS -chcp, dataset access, iconv, locales +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales =item VM/ESA? @@ -2404,19 +2395,23 @@ chcp, dataset access, iconv, locales =item BUGS +=item SEE ALSO + =item REFERENCES +=item HISTORY + =item AUTHOR =back =head2 perlsec - Perl security -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data @@ -2436,11 +2431,11 @@ chcp, dataset access, iconv, locales =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Packages @@ -2452,57 +2447,98 @@ chcp, dataset access, iconv, locales =item Perl Modules +=item Making your module threadsafe + =back =item SEE ALSO =back +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PREAMBLE + +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module + +=back + +=item PORTABILITY + +=item HEY + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY -=over +=over 4 =item Pragmatic Modules attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, -overload, re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings +diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, +overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, +warnings::register =item Standard Modules AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, -B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, -CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, -CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, -Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, -English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, -ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, +B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, +B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, +CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, +CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, +Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, Encode, +Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, +ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, +ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, +ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, -File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, -File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, -File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, -I18N::Collate, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, NDBM_File, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, -Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, -Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, -Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Termcap, -Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, -Socket, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, -Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, -Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, -Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, -UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent +File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, +File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, +File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, +Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, +Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, +Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, +Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, +Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Saves, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, +Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, +Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, +Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, +PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, +Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, +Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, +Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, Pod::t::basic, SDBM_File, Safe, +Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, +Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, +Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, +Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, +Text::Wrap, Thread, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, +Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, +Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, +User::pwent, Win32 =item Extension Modules @@ -2510,92 +2546,148 @@ UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent =item CPAN -Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating -System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess -Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces, -User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages, -File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String -Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching, Option, -Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing, -Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security, and Encryption, -World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities, -Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, -and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and -exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities, -Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe, -North America, South America +=over 4 + +=item Africa + +=item Asia + +=item Central America + +=item Europe + +=item North America + +=item Oceania + +=item South America + +=back =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse -=over +=over 4 =item Guidelines for Module Creation -Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new -module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select -what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?, -README and other Additional Files, A description of the -module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites -- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to -Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release, -especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in -the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a -version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take -care when changing a released module - =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules -There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications, -Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started, -Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from ' -to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes - =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code -Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many -applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the -reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity -to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application' -can then be reduced to a small - =back =item NOTE =back -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item INTRODUCTION -=over +=item QUICK CHECKLIST -=item PREAMBLE +=over 4 -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=item Before you start + +=item The API + +=item Stability + +=item Documentation + +=item Release considerations =back -=item PORTABILITY +=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE -=item HEY +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Has it been done before? -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Do one thing and do it well + +=item What's in a name? + +=back + +=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE + +=over 4 + +=item To OO or not to OO? + +=item Designing your API + +Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from +output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, +Parameter passing + +=item Strictness and warnings + +=item Backwards compatibility + +=item Error handling and messages + +=back + +=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE + +=over 4 + +=item POD + +=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs + +=back + +=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item Version numbering + +=item Pre-requisites + +=item Testing + +=item Packaging + +=item Licensing + +=back + +=item COMMON PITFALLS + +=over 4 + +=item Reinventing the wheel + +=item Trying to do too much + +=item Inappropriate documentation + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +L, L, L, L, Testing tools, +http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering + +=item AUTHOR =back =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Warning @@ -2624,14 +2716,14 @@ tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.2 $, $Date: +2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item What is Perl? @@ -2663,7 +2755,7 @@ Scheme, or Tcl? =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)? +5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? =back @@ -2671,14 +2763,14 @@ Scheme, or Tcl? =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, -$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.3 $, +$Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? @@ -2727,14 +2819,14 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =back -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.10 $, $Date: 2001/11/19 +17:09:37 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I do (anything)? @@ -2754,6 +2846,10 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, +CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha + =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? @@ -2764,12 +2860,13 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? -=item What is undump? - =item How can I make my Perl program run faster? =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and +stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk + =item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? @@ -2795,7 +2892,7 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program, what am I doing wrong? +my C program; what am I doing wrong? =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? @@ -2808,16 +2905,16 @@ mean? =back -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -20:37:49 $) +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2001/12/07 +21:17:58 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Data: Numbers -=over +=over 4 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? @@ -2827,7 +2924,12 @@ numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions? -=item How do I convert bits into ints? +=item How do I convert between numeric representations: + +B, B, B, B, B, B =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? @@ -2843,7 +2945,7 @@ Trig functions? =item Data: Dates -=over +=over 4 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? @@ -2863,7 +2965,7 @@ Trig functions? =item Data: Strings -=over +=over 4 =item How do I validate input? @@ -2915,7 +3017,7 @@ the tag =item Data: Arrays -=over +=over 4 =item What is the difference between a list and an array? @@ -2923,13 +3025,10 @@ the tag =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted: (this assumes all true -values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like -(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any -loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive -integers: +a), b), c), d), e) -=item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element? +=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or +array? =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays? @@ -2960,7 +3059,7 @@ intersection of two arrays? =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) -=over +=over 4 =item How do I process an entire hash? @@ -2999,7 +3098,7 @@ array of hashes or arrays? =item Data: Misc -=over +=over 4 =item How do I handle binary data correctly? @@ -3021,14 +3120,14 @@ array of hashes or arrays? =back -=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) +=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 +08:06:04 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? @@ -3071,6 +3170,9 @@ filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this? +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? + =item How do I randomly update a binary file? =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? @@ -3111,13 +3213,13 @@ protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? =back -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/12/02 01:55:12 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code? @@ -3131,7 +3233,7 @@ different lines? =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS? =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? @@ -3149,7 +3251,7 @@ file? =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item How do I process each word on each line? =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? @@ -3177,14 +3279,14 @@ file? =back -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) +=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/07 +02:27:50 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? @@ -3256,14 +3358,14 @@ is in scope? =back -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -18:37:57 $) +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 +08:06:04 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? @@ -3307,7 +3409,7 @@ STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? @@ -3384,16 +3486,18 @@ search path? =back -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? + +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error) =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? @@ -3434,6 +3538,8 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =item How do I send mail? +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? + =item How do I read mail? =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? @@ -3452,11 +3558,11 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Layout @@ -3466,7 +3572,7 @@ B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref =item Using The Back Ends -=over +=over 4 =item The Cross Referencing Back End @@ -3496,11 +3602,11 @@ B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item PREAMBLE @@ -3523,6 +3629,8 @@ Perl?>, B, B =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=item Execution of END blocks + =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C @@ -3530,7 +3638,7 @@ program =back -=item Embedding Perl under Windows +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 =item MORAL @@ -3542,13 +3650,13 @@ program =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Debugger Internals -=over +=over 4 =item Writing Your Own Debugger @@ -3558,7 +3666,7 @@ program =item Debugging regular expressions -=over +=over 4 =item Compile-time output @@ -3575,7 +3683,7 @@ C =item Debugging Perl memory usage -=over +=over 4 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> @@ -3601,13 +3709,13 @@ C, C, C =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item SPECIAL NOTES -=over +=over 4 =item make @@ -3619,7 +3727,7 @@ C, C, C =item TUTORIAL -=over +=over 4 =item EXAMPLE 1 @@ -3681,7 +3789,7 @@ C, C, C =item Author -=over +=over 4 =item Last Changed @@ -3691,11 +3799,11 @@ C, C, C =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Introduction @@ -3715,6 +3823,8 @@ C, C, C =item The OUTPUT: Keyword +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword + =item The CODE: Keyword =item The INIT: Keyword @@ -3731,6 +3841,8 @@ C, C, C =item The INPUT: Keyword +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords + =item Variable-length Parameter Lists =item The C_ARGS: Keyword @@ -3743,6 +3855,8 @@ C, C, C =item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item The POSTCALL: Keyword + =item The BOOT: Keyword =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword @@ -3763,7 +3877,7 @@ C, C, C =item The & Unary Operator -=item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives =item Using XS With C++ @@ -3773,6 +3887,10 @@ C, C, C =item The Typemap +=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS + +MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT + =back =item EXAMPLES @@ -3783,15 +3901,47 @@ C, C, C =back +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Conventions + +C, C

, C, C + +=item File Operations + +=item File Input and Output + +=item File Positioning + +=item Memory Management and String Handling + +=item Character Class Tests + +=item F functions + +=item Miscellaneous functions + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Variables -=over +=over 4 =item Datatypes @@ -3799,6 +3949,8 @@ C, C, C =item Working with SVs +=item Offsets + =item What's Really Stored in an SV? =item Working with AVs @@ -3832,20 +3984,21 @@ C, C, C =item Localizing changes C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C =back =item Subroutines -=over +=over 4 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack @@ -3865,7 +4018,7 @@ C =item Compiled code -=over +=over 4 =item Code tree @@ -3879,25 +4032,33 @@ C =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item Pluggable runops + =back +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions + =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported -=over +=over 4 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT +=item So what happened to dTHR? + =item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? + =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS =back =item Internal Functions -A, p, d, s, n, r, f, m, o, j, x +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x -=over +=over 4 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs @@ -3909,7 +4070,7 @@ A, p, d, s, n, r, f, m, o, j, x =item Unicode Support -=over +=over 4 =item What B Unicode, anyway? @@ -3925,6 +4086,8 @@ A, p, d, s, n, r, f, m, o, j, x =back +=item Custom Operators + =item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO @@ -3933,7 +4096,7 @@ A, p, d, s, n, r, f, m, o, j, x =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -3945,7 +4108,7 @@ call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv =item FLAG VALUES -=over +=over 4 =item G_VOID @@ -3969,7 +4132,7 @@ call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv =item EXAMPLES -=over +=over 4 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned @@ -4019,11 +4182,11 @@ callback =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item DOCUMENTATION @@ -4036,6 +4199,10 @@ L L, L, L +=item Administration + +L + =item Development L, L, L and L, @@ -4049,7 +4216,7 @@ L, L, L =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -4081,7 +4248,7 @@ B =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4090,7 +4257,7 @@ B B, B, B, B -=over +=over 4 =item The Filter @@ -4108,57 +4275,77 @@ B =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, -bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, CLASS, Copy, -croak, CvSTASH, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, -eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, -get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, +ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, +call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK, +dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, +fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, getcwd_sv, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, +get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, +grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, -MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, -mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, -NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, -ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, -perl_run, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_modglobal, -PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, -PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, -require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, -strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, -SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_off, -SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, -SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, -SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, -SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, -SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, -SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV, -SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUPGRADE, SvUV, -SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, -sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_gets, -sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, -sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvutf8n_force, -sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, +isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, +ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, +mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, +Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, +newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, +newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, new_vstring, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, +Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_clone, perl_construct, +perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, PL_modglobal, PL_na, +PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, +POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, +require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, scan_bin, +scan_hex, scan_oct, sharedsv_find, sharedsv_init, sharedsv_lock, +sharedsv_new, sharedsv_thrcnt_dec, sharedsv_thrcnt_inc, sharedsv_unlock, +sortsv, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, +strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, +SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, +SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, +SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, +SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, +SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, +SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, +SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, +SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, +SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, +SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, +SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, +SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVx, SvUVX, sv_2bool, +sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, +sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, +sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, +sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, +sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec, +sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, +sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, +sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, +sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, +sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, +sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_reftype, sv_replace, +sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, -sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, -sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, -sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_vcatpvfn, -sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, U8 *s, utf8_to_bytes, warn, XPUSHi, -XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, -XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, -XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, -XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero +sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, +sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, +sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, +sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, +sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, +THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, to_utf8_case, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, +utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, +utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, +XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, +XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, +Zero =item AUTHORS @@ -4166,14 +4353,16 @@ XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero =back -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B Perl functions -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -is_gv_magical +djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, +PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, report_uninit, start_glob, sv_add_arena, +sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas =item AUTHORS @@ -4181,35 +4370,102 @@ is_gv_magical =back +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item History and Background + +=item Layers vs Disciplines + +=item Data Structures + +=item Functions and Attributes + +=item Per-instance Data + +=item Layers in action. + +=item Per-instance flag bits + +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS + +=item Methods in Detail + + IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV + (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * +(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t +(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO +*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const +void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t +offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void + (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, +Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * +(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void + (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); + +=item Core Layers + +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" + +=item Extension Layers + +":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" + +=back + +=back + =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, B, -B, B, +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B -=over +=over 4 =item Co-existence with stdio B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B +B, B + +=item "Fast gets" Functions + +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B + +=item Other Functions + +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) =back @@ -4217,309 +4473,351 @@ B, B =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Infrastructure +=item To do during 5.6.x -=over +=over 4 -=item Mailing list archives +=item Support for I/O disciplines -=item Bug tracking system +=item Autoload bytes.pm -=item Regression Tests +=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work -Coverage, Regression, __DIE__, suidperl, The 25% slowdown from perl4 to -perl5 +=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) -=back +=item Overloadable regex assertions -=item Configure +=item Unicode -=over +=item use Thread for iThreads -=item Install HTML +=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops -=back +=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads -=item Perl Language +=item Typed lexicals for compiler -=over +=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 -=item our ($var) +=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler -=item 64-bit Perl +=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling -=item Prototypes +=item Cleaning up exported namespace -Named prototypes, Indirect objects, Method calls, Context, Scoped subs +=item Complete signal handling -=back +=item Out-of-source builds -=item Perl Internals +=item POSIX realtime support -=over +=item UNIX98 support -=item magic_setisa +=item IPv6 Support -=item Garbage Collection +=item Long double conversion -=item Reliable signals +=item Locales -Alternate runops() for signal despatch, Figure out how to die() in delayed -sighandler, Add tests for Thread::Signal, Automatic tests against CPAN +=item Thread-safe regexes -=item Interpolated regex performance bugs +=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals -=item Memory leaks from failed eval/regcomp +=item POSIX Unicode character classes -=item Make XS easier to use +=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) + +=item Security audit shipped utilities + +=item Custom opcodes + +=item DLL Versioning + +=item Introduce @( and @) + +=item Floating point handling + +=item IV/UV preservation + +=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser + +=item Automate module testing on CPAN + +=item sendmsg and recvmsg -=item Make embedded Perl easier to use +=item Rewrite perlre documentation -=item Namespace cleanup +=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles -=item MULTIPLICITY +=item Document Win32 choices -=item MacPerl +=item Check new modules + +=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself =back -=item Documentation +=item To do at some point -=over +=over 4 -=item A clear division into tutorial and reference +=item Remove regular expression recursion -=item Remove the artificial distinction between operators and functions +=item Memory leaks after failed eval -=item More tutorials +=item pack "(stuff)*" -Regular expressions, I/O, pack/unpack, Debugging +=item bitfields in pack -=item Include a search tool +=item Cross compilation -=item Include a locate tool +=item Perl preprocessor / macros -=item Separate function manpages by default +=item Perl lexer in Perl -=item Users can't find the manpages +=item Using POSIX calls internally -=item Install ALL Documentation +=item -i rename file when changed -=item Outstanding issues to be documented +=item All ARGV input should act like EE -=item Adapt www.linuxhq.com for Perl +=item Support for rerunning debugger -=item Replace man with a perl program +=item Test Suite for the Debugger -=item Unicode tutorial +=item my sub foo { } -=back +=item One-pass global destruction -=item Modules +=item Rewrite regexp parser -=over +=item Cache recently used regexps -=item Update the POSIX extension to conform with the POSIX 1003.1 Edition 2 +=item Re-entrant functions -=item Module versions +=item Cross-compilation support -=item New modules +=item Bit-shifting bitvectors -=item Profiler +=item debugger pragma -=item Tie Modules +=item use less pragma -VecArray, SubstrArray, VirtualArray, ShiftSplice +=item switch structures -=item Procedural options +=item Cache eval tree -=item RPC +=item rcatmaybe -=item y2k localtime/gmtime +=item Shrink opcode tables -=item Export File::Find variables +=item Optimize away @_ -=item Ioctl +=item Prototypes versus indirect objects -=item Debugger attach/detach +=item Install HTML -=item Regular Expression debugger +=item Prototype method calls -=item Alternative RE Syntax +=item Return context prototype declarations -=item Bundled modules +=item magic_setisa -=item Expect +=item Garbage collection -=item GUI::Native +=item IO tutorial -=item Update semibroken auxiliary tools; h2ph, a2p, etc. +=item pack/unpack tutorial -=item POD Converters +=item Rewrite perldoc -=item pod2html +=item Install .3p manpages -=item Podchecker +=item Unicode tutorial -=back +=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 -=item Tom's Wishes +=item Retargetable installation -=over +=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems -=item Webperl +=item Rename Win32 headers -=item Mobile agents +=item Finish off lvalue functions -=item POSIX on non-POSIX +=item Update sprintf documentation -=item Portable installations +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally + +=item Make v-strings overloaded objects =back -=item Win32 Stuff +=item Vague ideas + +=over 4 + +=item ref() in list context + +=item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context + +=item Compile to real threaded code + +=item Structured types + +=item Modifiable $1 et al. + +=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. -=over +=item RPC modules -=item Rename new headers to be consistent with the rest +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program -=item Sort out the spawnvp() mess +=item Alternative RE syntax module -=item Work out DLL versioning +=item GUI::Native + +=item foreach(reverse ...) -=item Style-check +=item Constant function cache + +=item Approximate regular expression matching =back -=item Would be nice to have +=item Ongoing -C, Contiguous bitfields in pack/unpack, lexperl, Bundled -perl preprocessor, Use posix calls internally where possible, format -BOTTOM, -i rename file only when successfully changed, All ARGV input -should act like <>, report HANDLE [formats], support in perlmain to rerun -debugger, lvalue functions +=over 4 -=item Possible pragmas +=item Update guts documentation -=over +=item Add more tests -=item 'less' +=item Update auxiliary tools =back -=item Optimizations +=item Recently done things -=over +=over 4 -=item constant function cache +=item Safe signal handling -=item foreach(reverse...) +=item Tie Modules -=item Cache eval tree +=item gettimeofday -=item rcatmaybe +=item setitimer and getimiter -=item Shrink opcode tables +=item Testing __DIE__ hook -=item Cache hash value +=item CPP equivalent in Perl -=item Optimize away @_ where possible +=item Explicit switch statements -=item Optimize sort by { $a <=> $b } +=item autocroak -=item Rewrite regexp parser for better integrated optimization +=item UTF/EBCDIC -=back +=item UTF Regexes -=item Vague possibilities +=item perlcc to produce executable -ref function in list context, make tr/// return histogram in list context?, -Loop control on do{} et al, Explicit switch statements, compile to real -threaded code, structured types, Modifiable $1 et al +=item END blocks saved in compiled output -=item To Do Or Not To Do +=item Secure temporary file module -=over +=item Integrate Time::HiRes -=item Making my() work on "package" variables +=item Turn Cwd into XS -=item "or" testing defined not truth +=item Mmap for input -=item "dynamic" lexicals +=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion -=item "class"-based, rather than package-based "lexicals" +=item Add sockatmark support -=back +=item Mailing list archives -=item Threading +=item Bug tracking -=over +=item Integrate MacPerl -=item Modules +=item Web "nerve center" for Perl -=item Testing +=item Regular expression tutorial + +=item Debugging Tutorial + +=item Integrate new modules -=item $AUTOLOAD +=item Integrate profiler -=item exit/die +=item Y2K error detection -=item External threads +=item Regular expression debugger -=item Thread::Pool +=item POD checker -=item thread-safety +=item "Dynamic" lexicals -=item Per-thread GVs +=item Cache precompiled modules =back -=item Compiler +=item Deprecated Wishes -=over +=over 4 -=item Optimization +=item Loop control on do{} -=item Byteperl +=item Lexically scoped typeglobs -=item Precompiled modules +=item format BOTTOM -=item Executables +=item report HANDLE -=item Typed lexicals +=item Generalised want()/caller()) -=item Win32 +=item Named prototypes -=item END blocks +=item Built-in globbing -=item _AUTOLOAD +=item Regression tests for suidperl -=item comppadlist +=item Cached hash values -=item Cached compilation +=item Add compression modules -=back +=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references + +=item Remove distinction between functions and operators -=item Recently Finished Tasks +=item Make XS easier to use -=over +=item Make embedding easier to use -=item Figure a way out of $^(capital letter) +=item man for perl -=item Filenames +=item my $Package::variable -=item Foreign lines +=item "or" tests defined, not truth -=item Namespace cleanup +=item "class"-based lexicals -=item ISA.pm +=item byteperl -=item gettimeofday +=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal + +=item Make "use utf8" the default + +=item Unicode collation and normalization -=item autocroak? +=item Create debugging macros =back @@ -4527,7 +4825,7 @@ threaded code, structured types, Modifiable $1 et al =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -4535,16 +4833,39 @@ Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is -the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough -documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much -work?, Patches speak louder than words, L, L and -L, L, F, The perl5-porters FAQ +the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation +tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, +Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words -=over +=over 4 + +=item Keeping in sync + +rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the +NFS, rsync'ing the patches + +=item Why rsync the source tree + +It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable + +=item Why rsync the patches + +It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start +point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour + +=item Perlbug remote interface + +1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3 +commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests + +=item Submitting patches + +L, L and L, L, +F, The perl5-porters FAQ =item Finding Your Way Around -Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter +Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter =item Elements of the interpreter @@ -4565,12 +4886,54 @@ Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack =item Using a source-level debugger run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, -finish, print +finish, 'enter', print =item Dumping Perl Data Structures =item Patching +=item Patching a core module + +=item Adding a new function to the core + +=item Writing a test + +F, F, F, F, F, F, +F, F, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib + +=back + +=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL + +=over 4 + +=item Rational Software's Purify + +=item Purify on Unix + +-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity + +=item Purify on NT + +DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug + +=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree + +=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL + +=item Profiling + +=item Gprof Profiling + +-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z + +=item GCC gcov Profiling + +=item Pixie Profiling + +-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, +-z[ero] + =item CONCLUSION I @@ -4583,7 +4946,7 @@ I =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -4591,7 +4954,7 @@ I =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN -=over +=over 4 =item PUMPKIN? @@ -4599,7 +4962,7 @@ I =item THE RECORDS -=over +=over 4 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES @@ -4611,23 +4974,59 @@ I =back -=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.7.0 +=head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item Highlights In 5.8.0 =item Incompatible Changes +=over 4 + +=item 64-bit platforms and malloc + +=item AIX Dynaloading + +=item Attributes for C variables now handled at run-time. + +=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS + +=item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha + +=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} + +=item Perl Parser Stress Tested + +=item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...) + +=item Deprecations + +=back + =item Core Enhancements +=over 4 + +=item PerlIO is Now The Default + +=item Signals Are Now Safe + +=item Unicode Overhaul + +=item Understanding of Numbers + +=item Miscellaneous Enhancements + +=back + =item Modules and Pragmata -=over +=over 4 -=item New Modules +=item New Modules and Pragmata =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata @@ -4641,18 +5040,17 @@ I =item Installation and Configuration Improvements -=over +=over 4 =item Generic Improvements +=item New Or Improved Platforms + =back =item Selected Bug Fixes -sort() arguments are now compiled in the right wantarray context (they were -accidentally using the context of the sort() itself) - -=over +=over 4 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes @@ -4662,26 +5060,58 @@ accidentally using the context of the sort() itself) =item Changed Internals +=item Security Vulnerability Closed + +=item New Tests + =item Known Problems -=over +=over 4 -=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect +=item AIX -=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform +=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' -=item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 -=item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris +=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured -=item Storable tests fail in some platforms +=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured -=item Threads Are Still Experimental +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item Mac OS X + +=item OS/390 + +=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 + +=item Failure of Thread tests + +=item UNICOS + +=item UTS + +=item VMS + +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory + +=item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken + +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item The Long Double Support Is Still Experimental + +=item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now + =back =item Reporting Bugs @@ -4692,384 +5122,337 @@ accidentally using the context of the sort() itself) =back -=head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 +=head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Core Enhancements +=item Security Vulnerability Closed -=over +=item Incompatible Changes -=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency +=over 4 -=item Lexically scoped warning categories +=item 64-bit platforms and malloc -=item Unicode and UTF-8 support +=item AIX Dynaloading -=item Support for interpolating named characters +=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS -=item "our" declarations +=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} -=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals +=item Deprecations -=item Improved Perl version numbering system +=back -=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes +=item Core Enhancements -=item File and directory handles can be autovivified +=item Modules and Pragmata -=item open() with more than two arguments +=over 4 -=item 64-bit support +=item New Modules and Distributions -=item Large file support +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata -=item Long doubles +=back -=item "more bits" +=item Utility Changes -=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines +=item New Documentation -=item C allowed +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements -=item File globbing implemented internally +=over 4 -=item Support for CHECK blocks +=item New Or Improved Platforms -=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported +=item Generic Improvements -=item Better pseudo-random number generator +=back -=item Improved C operator +=item Selected Bug Fixes -=item Better worst-case behavior of hashes +=over 4 -=item pack() format 'Z' supported +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes -=item pack() format modifier '!' supported +=back -=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings +=item New or Changed Diagnostics -=item Comments in pack() templates +=item Source Code Enhancements -=item Weak references +=over 4 -=item Binary numbers supported +=item MAGIC constants -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Better commented code -=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references +=item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up -=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues +=item gcc -Wall -=item exists() is supported on subroutine names +=back -=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements +=item New Tests -=item Pseudo-hashes work better +=item Known Problems -=item Automatic flushing of output buffers +=over 4 -=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations +=item AIX -=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle +=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery -=item eof() has the same old magic as <> +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' -=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes +=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 -=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" +=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured -=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure +=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured -=item Improved diagnostics +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 -=item Diagnostics follow STDERR +=item OS/390 -=item More consistent close-on-exec behavior +=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 -=item syswrite() ease-of-use +=item Failure of Thread tests -=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators +=item UNICOS -=item Bit operators support full native integer width +=item UTS -=item Improved security features +=item VMS -=item More functional bareword prototype (*) +=item Win32 -=item C and C may be overridden +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory -=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden -=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch +=item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing -=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles -=item Optional Y2K warnings +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental -=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings +=item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental =back -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Reporting Bugs -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item Modules +=item HISTORY -attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, -DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, -File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, -podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, -pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, -Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters +=back -=item Pragmata +=head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1 -=back +=over 4 -=item Utility Changes +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item Security Vulnerability Closed -=item dprofpp +=item Incompatible Changes -=item find2perl +=item Core Enhancements -=item h2xs +=over 4 -=item perlcc +=item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable -=item perldoc +=item PerlIO is Now The Default -=item The Perl Debugger +=item Signals Are Now Safe =back -=item Improved Documentation - -perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, -perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, -perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, -perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod +=item Modules and Pragmata -=item Performance enhancements +=over 4 -=over +=item New Modules -=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata -=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables +=back -=item Faster subroutine calls +=item Performance Enhancements -=item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster +=item Utility Changes -=back +=item New Documentation -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=over 4 -=over +=item perlclib -=item -Dusethreads means something different +=item perliol -=item New Configure flags +=item README.aix -=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring +=item README.bs2000 -=item Long Doubles +=item README.macos -=item -Dusemorebits +=item README.mpeix -=item -Duselargefiles +=item README.solaris -=item installusrbinperl +=item README.vos -=item SOCKS support +=item Porting/repository.pod -=item C<-A> flag +=back -=item Enhanced Installation Directories +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements -=back +=over 4 -=item Platform specific changes +=item New Or Improved Platforms -=over +=item Generic Improvements -=item Supported platforms +d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, +need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, +d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep -=item DOS +=back -=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) +=item Selected Bug Fixes -=item VMS +=over 4 -=item Win32 +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes =back -=item Significant bug fixes +=item New or Changed Diagnostics -=over +=item Changed Internals -=item on empty files +=item New Tests -=item C improvements +=item Known Problems -=item All compilation errors are true errors +=over 4 -=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer +=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl -=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' -=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> +=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX -=item C and AUTOLOAD +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX -=item C<-bareword> allowed under C +=item lib/b test 19 -=item Failures in DESTROY() +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 -=item Locale bugs fixed +=item sigaction test 13 in VMS -=item Memory leaks +=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 -=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls +=item Failure of Thread tests -=item Taint failures under C<-U> +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory -=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden -=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental =back -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item Reporting Bugs -"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet -implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, -/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed -by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape -\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class -passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too -early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s -argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a -subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: -%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled -substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, -Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector -size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check -filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", -Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, -Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't -remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't -weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class -syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, -constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, -defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean -"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective -%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for -output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires -explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, -Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: -|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal -number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: -%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid -separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in -subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs -returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing -%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", -No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", -No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time -is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, -panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing -around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, -Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" -instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, -Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, -Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on -zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This -Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL -environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode -'%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized -escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute -list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in -subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of -CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number +=item SEE ALSO -=item New tests +=item HISTORY -=item Incompatible Changes +=back -=over +=head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0 -=item Perl Source Incompatibilities +=over 4 -CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, -Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form -C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number -generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C fails on -read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, -Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), values() and -C<\(%h)> operate on aliases to values, not copies, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) -enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, -C<%@> has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, -Semantics of bareword prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit -operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their -results +=item DESCRIPTION -=item C Source Incompatibilities +=item Security Vulnerability Closed -C, C, C +=item Incompatible Changes -=item Compatible C Source API Changes +=item Core Enhancements -C is now C +=item Modules and Pragmata -=item Binary Incompatibilities +=over 4 -=back +=item New Modules -=item Known Problems +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata -=over +=back -=item Thread test failures +=item Utility Changes -=item EBCDIC platforms not supported +=item New Documentation -=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang +=item Performance Enhancements -=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements -=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with -gcc +=over 4 -=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run +=item Generic Improvements -=item Arrow operator and arrays +=back -=item Experimental features +=item Selected Bug Fixes -Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The -pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file -globbing, The DB module, The regular expression constructs C<(?{ code })> -and C<(??{ code })> +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes =back -=item Obsolete Diagnostics +=item New or Changed Diagnostics -Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed -logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as -\@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$" -to mean "${$}" is deprecated +=item Changed Internals + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect + +=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item Storable tests fail in some platforms + +=item Threads Are Still Experimental + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=back =item Reporting Bugs @@ -5079,1495 +5462,5522 @@ to mean "${$}" is deprecated =back -=head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005 +=head2 perl561delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.x -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item About the new versioning system +=item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1 -=item Incompatible Changes +=over 4 -=over +=item Security Issues -=item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004. +=item Core bug fixes -=item Default installation structure has changed +C, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(), +Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic +references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and +errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, +map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support, +Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C, Tests -=item Perl Source Compatibility +=item Core features -=item C Source Compatibility +=item Configuration issues -Core sources now require ANSI C compiler, All Perl global variables must -now be referenced with an explicit prefix, Enabling threads has source -compatibility issues +=item Documentation -=item Binary Compatibility +=item Bundled modules -=item Security fixes may affect compatibility +B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN, +Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, +IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, +Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash -=item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004 +=item Platform-specific improvements -=item Licensing +NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX -=back +=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency -=item Core Changes +=item Lexically scoped warning categories -=over +=item Unicode and UTF-8 support -=item Threads +=item Support for interpolating named characters -=item Compiler +=item "our" declarations -=item Regular Expressions +=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals -Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression -constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other -improvements, Incompatible changes +=item Improved Perl version numbering system -=item Improved malloc() +=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes -=item Quicksort is internally implemented +=item File and directory handles can be autovivified -=item Reliable signals +=item open() with more than two arguments -=item Reliable stack pointers +=item 64-bit support -=item More generous treatment of carriage returns +=item Large file support -=item Memory leaks +=item Long doubles -=item Better support for multiple interpreters +=item "more bits" -=item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined +=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines -=item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L module +=item C allowed -=item Pseudo-hashes are supported +=item File globbing implemented internally -=item C is supported +=item Support for CHECK blocks -=item Keywords can be globally overridden +=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported -=item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32 +=item Better pseudo-random number generator -=item C optimized +=item Improved C operator -=item C can be used as implicitly quoted package name +=item Better worst-case behavior of hashes -=item C tests existence of a package +=item pack() format 'Z' supported -=item Better locale support +=item pack() format modifier '!' supported -=item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms +=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings -=item prototype() returns useful results on builtins +=item Comments in pack() templates -=item Extended support for exception handling +=item Weak references -=item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods +=item Binary numbers supported -=item All C format conversions are handled internally +=item Lvalue subroutines -=item New C keyword +=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references -=item New C keyword +=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues -=item New C operator +=item exists() is supported on subroutine names -=item C is now a reserved word +=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements -=item Tied arrays are now fully supported +=item Pseudo-hashes work better -=item Tied handles support is better +=item Automatic flushing of output buffers -=item 4th argument to substr +=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations -=item Negative LENGTH argument to splice +=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle -=item Magic lvalues are now more magical +=item eof() has the same old magic as <> -=item <> now reads in records +=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes -=back +=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" -=item Supported Platforms +=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure -=over +=item Improved diagnostics -=item New Platforms +=item Diagnostics follow STDERR -=item Changes in existing support +=item More consistent close-on-exec behavior + +=item syswrite() ease-of-use + +=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators + +=item Bit operators support full native integer width + +=item Improved security features + +=item More functional bareword prototype (*) + +=item C and C may be overridden + +=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character + +=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch + +=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string + +=item Optional Y2K warnings + +=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings =back =item Modules and Pragmata -=over - -=item New Modules +=over 4 -B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, -ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, -Thread, attrs, fields, re +=item Modules -=item Changes in existing modules +attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, +DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, +Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, +File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, +Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, +podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, +pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, +Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters -Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, -MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd, Benchmark +=item Pragmata =back =item Utility Changes -=item Documentation Changes +=over 4 -=item New Diagnostics +=item dprofpp -Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index -while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent -package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check -filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't -goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, -Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber -for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, -Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character -class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in -insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: -Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming -package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such -field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously -large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance -detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s', Reference found -where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use -of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed +=item find2perl + +=item h2xs + +=item perlcc + +=item perldoc + +=item The Perl Debugger + +=back + +=item Improved Documentation + +perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, +perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, +perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, +perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod + +=item Performance enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized + +=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables + +=item Faster subroutine calls + +=item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster + +=back + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item -Dusethreads means something different + +=item New Configure flags + +=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring + +=item Long Doubles + +=item -Dusemorebits + +=item -Duselargefiles + +=item installusrbinperl + +=item SOCKS support + +=item C<-A> flag + +=item Enhanced Installation Directories + +=item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working + +=back + +=item Platform specific changes + +=over 4 + +=item Supported platforms + +=item DOS + +=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) + +=item VMS + +=item Win32 + +=back + +=item Significant bug fixes + +=over 4 + +=item on empty files + +=item C improvements + +=item All compilation errors are true errors + +=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer + +=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent + +=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> + +=item C and AUTOLOAD + +=item C<-bareword> allowed under C + +=item Failures in DESTROY() + +=item Locale bugs fixed + +=item Memory leaks + +=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls + +=item Taint failures under C<-U> + +=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch + +=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet +implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, +/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed +by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape +\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class +passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too +early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s +argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a +subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: +%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled +substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, +Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector +size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", +Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, +Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't +remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't +weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class +syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, +constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, +defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean +"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective +%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for +output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires +explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, +Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: +|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal +number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: +%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid +separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in +subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs +returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing +%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", +No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", +No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time +is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, +panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing +around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, +Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" +instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, +Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, +Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on +zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This +Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL +environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode +'%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized +escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute +list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in +subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of +CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number + +=item New tests + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=over 4 + +=item Perl Source Incompatibilities + +CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, +Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form +C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number +generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C fails on +read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, +Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(), +values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, +Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, +Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword +prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed +on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results + +=item C Source Incompatibilities + +C, C, C + +=item Compatible C Source API Changes + +C is now C + +=item Binary Incompatibilities + +=back + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory + +=item Known test failures + +64-bit builds, Failure of Thread tests, NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure, +Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc + +=item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported + +=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run + +=item Arrow operator and arrays + +=item Experimental features + +Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The +pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file +globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs: + +=back + +=item Obsolete Diagnostics + +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed +logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as +\@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$" +to mean "${$}" is deprecated + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Core Enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency + +=item Lexically scoped warning categories + +=item Unicode and UTF-8 support + +=item Support for interpolating named characters + +=item "our" declarations + +=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals + +=item Improved Perl version numbering system + +=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes + +=item File and directory handles can be autovivified + +=item open() with more than two arguments + +=item 64-bit support + +=item Large file support + +=item Long doubles + +=item "more bits" + +=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines + +=item C allowed + +=item File globbing implemented internally + +=item Support for CHECK blocks + +=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported + +=item Better pseudo-random number generator + +=item Improved C operator + +=item Better worst-case behavior of hashes + +=item pack() format 'Z' supported + +=item pack() format modifier '!' supported + +=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings + +=item Comments in pack() templates + +=item Weak references + +=item Binary numbers supported + +=item Lvalue subroutines + +=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references + +=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues + +=item exists() is supported on subroutine names + +=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements + +=item Pseudo-hashes work better + +=item Automatic flushing of output buffers + +=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations + +=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle + +=item eof() has the same old magic as <> + +=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes + +=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" + +=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure + +=item Improved diagnostics + +=item Diagnostics follow STDERR + +=item More consistent close-on-exec behavior + +=item syswrite() ease-of-use + +=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators + +=item Bit operators support full native integer width + +=item Improved security features + +=item More functional bareword prototype (*) + +=item C and C may be overridden + +=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character + +=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch + +=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string + +=item Optional Y2K warnings + +=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings + +=back + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item Modules + +attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, +DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, +Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, +File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, +Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, +podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, +pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, +Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters + +=item Pragmata + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=over 4 + +=item dprofpp + +=item find2perl + +=item h2xs + +=item perlcc + +=item perldoc + +=item The Perl Debugger + +=back + +=item Improved Documentation + +perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, +perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, +perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, +perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod + +=item Performance enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized + +=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables + +=item Faster subroutine calls + +=item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster + +=back + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item -Dusethreads means something different + +=item New Configure flags + +=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring + +=item Long Doubles + +=item -Dusemorebits + +=item -Duselargefiles + +=item installusrbinperl + +=item SOCKS support + +=item C<-A> flag + +=item Enhanced Installation Directories + +=back + +=item Platform specific changes + +=over 4 + +=item Supported platforms + +=item DOS + +=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) + +=item VMS + +=item Win32 + +=back + +=item Significant bug fixes + +=over 4 + +=item on empty files + +=item C improvements + +=item All compilation errors are true errors + +=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer + +=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent + +=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> + +=item C and AUTOLOAD + +=item C<-bareword> allowed under C + +=item Failures in DESTROY() + +=item Locale bugs fixed + +=item Memory leaks + +=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls + +=item Taint failures under C<-U> + +=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch + +=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet +implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, +/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed +by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape +\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class +passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too +early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s +argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a +subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: +%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled +substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, +Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector +size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", +Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, +Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't +remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't +weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class +syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, +constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, +defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean +"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective +%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for +output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires +explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, +Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: +|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal +number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: +%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid +separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in +subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs +returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing +%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", +No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", +No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time +is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, +panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing +around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, +Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" +instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, +Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, +Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on +zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This +Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL +environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode +'%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized +escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute +list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in +subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of +CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number + +=item New tests + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=over 4 + +=item Perl Source Incompatibilities + +CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, +Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form +C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number +generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C fails on +read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, +Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(), +values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, +Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, +Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword +prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed +on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results + +=item C Source Incompatibilities + +C, C, C + +=item Compatible C Source API Changes + +C is now C + +=item Binary Incompatibilities + +=back + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item Thread test failures + +=item EBCDIC platforms not supported + +=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang + +=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure + +=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with +gcc + +=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run + +=item Arrow operator and arrays + +=item Experimental features + +Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The +pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file +globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs: + +=back + +=item Obsolete Diagnostics + +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed +logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as +\@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$" +to mean "${$}" is deprecated + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item About the new versioning system + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=over 4 + +=item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004. + +=item Default installation structure has changed + +=item Perl Source Compatibility + +=item C Source Compatibility + +=item Binary Compatibility + +=item Security fixes may affect compatibility + +=item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004 + +=item Licensing + +=back + +=item Core Changes + +=over 4 + +=item Threads + +=item Compiler + +=item Regular Expressions + +Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression +constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other +improvements, Incompatible changes + +=item Improved malloc() + +=item Quicksort is internally implemented + +=item Reliable signals + +=item Reliable stack pointers + +=item More generous treatment of carriage returns + +=item Memory leaks + +=item Better support for multiple interpreters + +=item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined + +=item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L module + +=item Pseudo-hashes are supported + +=item C is supported + +=item Keywords can be globally overridden + +=item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32 + +=item C optimized + +=item C can be used as implicitly quoted package name + +=item C tests existence of a package + +=item Better locale support + +=item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms + +=item prototype() returns useful results on builtins + +=item Extended support for exception handling + +=item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods + +=item All C format conversions are handled internally + +=item New C keyword + +=item New C keyword + +=item New C operator + +=item C is now a reserved word + +=item Tied arrays are now fully supported + +=item Tied handles support is better + +=item 4th argument to substr + +=item Negative LENGTH argument to splice + +=item Magic lvalues are now more magical + +=item <> now reads in records + +=back + +=item Supported Platforms + +=over 4 + +=item New Platforms + +=item Changes in existing support + +=back + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, +ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, +Thread, attrs, fields, re + +=item Changes in existing modules + +Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, +MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=item Documentation Changes + +=item New Diagnostics + +Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index +while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent +package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't +goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, +Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber +for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character +class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in +insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: +Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming +package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such +field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously +large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance +detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized +list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word +"%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed + +=item Obsolete Diagnostics + +Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open +temporary file, regexp too big + +=item Configuration Changes + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Supported Environments + +=item Core Changes + +=over 4 + +=item List assignment to %ENV works + +=item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error + +=item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003 + +=item $PERL5OPT environment variable + +=item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options + +=item More precise warnings + +=item Deprecated: Inherited C for non-methods + +=item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable + +=item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified + +=item Group vector changeable with C<$)> + +=item Fixed parsing of $$, &$, etc. + +=item Fixed localization of $, $&, etc. + +=item No resetting of $. on implicit close + +=item C may return undef + +=item C determines value of EXPR in scalar context + +=item Changes to tainting checks + +No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No +spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name + +=item New Opcode module and revised Safe module + +=item Embedding improvements + +=item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes + +=item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface + +=item New and changed syntax + +$coderef->(PARAMS) + +=item New and changed builtin constants + +__PACKAGE__ + +=item New and changed builtin variables + +$^E, $^H, $^M + +=item New and changed builtin functions + +delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in +Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module +VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C does not +reset search position on failure, C ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, +nested C closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals + +=item New builtin methods + +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) + +=item TIEHANDLE now supported + +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this +LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this + +=item Malloc enhancements + +-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE + +=item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements + +=back + +=item Support for More Operating Systems + +=over 4 + +=item Win32 + +=item Plan 9 + +=item QNX + +=item AmigaOS + +=back + +=item Pragmata + +use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use +constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish + +=item Modules + +=over 4 + +=item Required Updates + +=item Installation directories + +=item Module information summary + +=item Fcntl + +=item IO + +=item Math::Complex + +=item Math::Trig + +=item DB_File + +=item Net::Ping + +=item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=over 4 + +=item pod2html + +Sends converted HTML to standard output + +=item xsubpp + +C XSUBs now default to returning nothing + +=back + +=item C Language API Changes + +C and C, C, Extended API for +manipulating hashes + +=item Documentation Changes + +L, L, L, L, L, +L, L, L + +=item New Diagnostics + +"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is +not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too +large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free +nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, +Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort +subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in +use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant +subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did +not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too +long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: +%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, +internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type +in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once: +possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of +memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible +attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words +with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found +while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>" +option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized +character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$" to mean +"${$}" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), +Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, +Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, +Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too +long, Process terminated by SIG%s + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX + +=item OS level + +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX + +=item The IBM ANSI C Compiler + +=item Using GNU's gcc for building perl + +=item Using Large Files with Perl + +=item Threaded Perl + +=item 64-bit Perl + +=item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS + +B, B + +=item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS + +=item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS + +=back + +=item INSTALLATION + +=item Accessing documentation + +=over 4 + +=item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS + +=item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS + +=item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS + +=back + +=item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS + +=over 4 + +=item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS + +=item Making Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Testing Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item General Issues with Perl on BeOS + +=item BeOS Release-specific Notes + +R4 x86, R4 PPC + +=item Contact Information + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item gzip on BS2000 + +=item bison on BS2000 + +=item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000 + +=item Compiling Perl on BS2000 + +=item Testing Perl on BS2000 + +=item Installing Perl on BS2000 + +=item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000 + +=item Using Perl in "native" BS2000 + +=item Floating point anomalies on BS2000 + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list + +=back + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Name + +=item Description + +=item Build + +=over 4 + +=item Tools & SDK + +=item Make + +=back + +=item Acknowledgements + +=item Author + +=back + +=head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN + +=over 4 + +=item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it) + +=item Cygwin Configuration + +C, I, Permissions + +=back + +=item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN + +=over 4 + +=item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin + +=item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin + +C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C), C<-ldb> (C), +C<-lcygipc> (C) + +=item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin + +C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, +C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles> + +=item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin + +I, Win9x and C, Compiler/Preprocessor defines + +=back + +=item MAKE ON CYGWIN + +=over 4 + +=item Warnings on Cygwin + +=item ld2 on Cygwin + +=back + +=item TEST ON CYGWIN + +=over 4 + +=item File Permissions on Cygwin + +=item Hard Links on Cygwin + +=item Filetime Granularity on Cygwin + +=item Tainting Checks on Cygwin + +=item /etc/group on Cygwin + +=item Script Portability on Cygwin + +Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous + +=back + +=item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN + +=item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN + +Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl +Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts + +=item BUGS ON CYGWIN + +=item AUTHORS + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX + +=over 4 + +=item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX + +=item Threaded Perl on DG/UX + +=item Testing Perl on DG/UX + +=item Installing the built perl on DG/UX + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS + +DJGPP, Pthreads + +=item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS + +=item Building Perl on DOS + +=item Testing Perl on DOS + +=item Installation of Perl on DOS + +=back + +=item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS + +=over 4 + +=item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS + +=item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS + +=item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS + +=item Building XS Modules on DOS + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item INTRODUCTION + +=item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC + +=item STARTING PERL ON EPOC + +=item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC + +=item USING PERL ON EPOC + +=over 4 + +=item I/O Redirection on Epoc + +=item PATH Names on Epoc + +=item Editors on Epoc + +=item Features of Perl on Epoc + +=item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment + +=back + +=item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST UPDATE + +=back + +=head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix +(HP-UX) systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX + +=item PA-RISC + +=item PA-RISC 1.0 + +=item PA-RISC 1.1 + +=item PA-RISC 2.0 + +=item Itanium + +=item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions + +=item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX + +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX + +=item The HP ANSI C Compiler + +=item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX + +=item Threaded Perl on HP-UX + +=item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX + +=item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX + +=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX + +=item perl -P and // and HP-UX + +=item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl + +=back + +=item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen +systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen + +=item Failures during C on MachTen + +op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t + +=item Building external modules on MachTen + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Known problems with Perl on MiNT + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item NOTE + +=item Binary distribution from HP + +=item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX + +=item Welcome to Perl/iX + +=item System Requirements for Perl/iX + +=item How to Obtain Perl/iX + +=item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights + +README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, +public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe + +=item How to Compile Perl/iX + + 4, 6 + +=item Getting Started with Perl/iX + +=item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations + +=item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation + +=item Perl/iX To-Do List + +=item Perl/iX Change History + +=item AUTHOR + +=item Name + +=item Description + +=item Build + +=over 4 + +=item Tools & SDK + +=item Setup + +Buildtype.bat, SetNWBld.bat, MPKBuild.bat + +=item Make + +=item Interpreter + +=item Extensions + +=back + +=item Install + +=item Build new extensions + +=item Known Issues + +=item Acknowledgements + +=item Authors + +=item Date + +=back + +=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Target + +=item Other OSes + +=item Prerequisites + +EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh + +=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...) + +=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl + +=back + +=item Frequently asked questions + +=over 4 + +=item "It does not work" + +=item I cannot run external programs + +=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F from my +program. + +Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use +L? + +=item C<``> and pipe-C do not work under DOS. + +=item Cannot start C + +=back + +=item INSTALLATION + +=over 4 + +=item Automatic binary installation + +C, C, F + +=item Manual binary installation + +Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable +(statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, +Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl +and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, +Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh + +=item B + +=back + +=item Accessing documentation + +=over 4 + +=item OS/2 F<.INF> file + +=item Plain text + +=item Manpages + +=item HTML + +=item GNU C files + +=item F<.PDF> files + +=item C docs + +=back + +=item BUILD + +=over 4 + +=item The short story + +=item Prerequisites + +=item Getting perl source + +=item Application of the patches + +=item Hand-editing + +=item Making + +=item Testing + +A lot of C, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F, +F + +=item Installing the built perl + +=item C-style build + +=back + +=item Build FAQ + +=over 4 + +=item Some C became C<\> in pdksh. + +=item C<'errno'> - unresolved external + +=item Problems with tr or sed + +=item Some problem (forget which ;-) + +=item Library ... not found + +=item Segfault in make + +=item op/sprintf test failure + +=back + +=item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port + +=over 4 + +=item C, C + +=item C + +=item C on the first line + +=item Additional modules: + +=item Prebuilt methods: + +C, C, C, + C, C, +C, C, +C, C, +C, C, +C, +C, C, +OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C, +C, C, +C, C, +OS2::get_control87(), C + +=item Prebuilt variables: + +$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver + +=item Misfeatures + +=item Modifications + +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item Identifying DLLs + +=item Centralized management of resources + +C, C + +=back + +=item Perl flavors + +=over 4 + +=item F + +=item F + +=item F + +=item F + +=item Why strange names? + +=item Why dynamic linking? + +=item Why chimera build? + +=back + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C or C + +=back + +=item Evolution + +=over 4 + +=item Priorities + +=item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2 + +=item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond + +Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C and C, F<.> from +C + +=item DLL forwarder generation + +=item Threading + +=item Calls to external programs + +=item Memory allocation + +=item Threads + +C, F + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 +and z/OS + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Tools + +=item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390 + +=item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390 + +=item Configure Perl on OS/390 + +=item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390 + +=item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 + +=item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 + +=item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 + +=item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390 + +=item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 + +=item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390 + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390 + +=back + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4 + +/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make + +=item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4 + +=item QNX auxiliary files + +qnx/ar, qnx/cpp + +=item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6 + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Invoking Perl + +=item What's in Plan 9 Perl + +=item What's not in Plan 9 Perl + +=item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl + +=item Signals in Plan 9 Perl + +=back + +=item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9 + +=over 4 + +=item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9 + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item Revision date + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Solaris Version Numbers. + +=back + +=item RESOURCES + +Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation + +=item SETTING UP + +=over 4 + +=item File Extraction Problems on Solaris. + +=item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris. + +=item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris + +=back + +=item RUN CONFIGURE. + +=over 4 + +=item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris. + +=item Threads in Perl on Solaris. + +=item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris. + +=back + +=item MAKE PROBLEMS. + +Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: +relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No +DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found + +=item MAKE TEST + +=over 4 + +=item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris + +=item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent + +=back + +=item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS. + +=item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS. + +=over 4 + +=item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris. + +=back + +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES. + +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES. + +=over 4 + +=item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris + +=item BSD::Resource on Solaris + +=item Net::SSLeay on Solaris + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST MODIFIED + +=back + +=head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as +Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64 + +=item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64 + +=item Threaded Perl on Tru64 + +=item Long Doubles on Tru64 + +=item 64-bit Perl on Tru64 + +=item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64 + +=back + +=item Testing Perl on Tru64 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perluts - Perl under UTS + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUILDING PERL ON UTS + +=item Installing the built perl on UTS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA + +=item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA + +=item Configure Perl on VM/ESA + +=item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA + +=item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Installation + +=item Organization of Perl Images + +=over 4 + +=item Core Images + +=item Perl Extensions + +=item Installing static extensions + +=item Installing dynamic extensions + +=back + +=item File specifications + +=over 4 + +=item Syntax + +=item Wildcard expansion + +=item Pipes + +=back + +=item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB + +=item Command line + +=over 4 + +=item I/O redirection and backgrounding + +=item Command line switches + +-i, -S, -u + +=back + +=item Perl functions + +File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, +exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select +(system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime +LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS + +=item Perl variables + +%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $| + +=item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences + +=over 4 + +=item SDBM_File + +=back + +=item Revision date + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=over 4 + +=item Stratus POSIX Support + +=back + +=item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS + +=item Installing Perl 5 on VOS + +=back + +=item USING PERL IN VOS + +=over 4 + +=item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS + +=item Restrictions of Perl on VOS + +=back + +=item SUPPORT STATUS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST UPDATE + +=back + +=head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32 + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Setting Up Perl on Win32 + +Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC + +=item Building + +=item Testing Perl on Win32 + +=item Installation of Perl on Win32 + +=item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32 + +Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, +Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific +Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things + +=back + +=item BUGS AND CAVEATS + +=item AUTHORS + +Gary Ng E71564.1743@CompuServe.COME, Gurusamy Sarathy +Egsar@activestate.comE, Nick Ing-Simmons +Enick@ing-simmons.netE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION + +=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +method, locked + +=back + +=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing +data structures between threads + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item EXPORT + +=item FUNCTIONS + +share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, +cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads +from perl + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +$thread = new(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach, +threads->self, $thread->tid + +=item TODO + +Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory +leaks! + +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT + +=item BUGS + +creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32, +PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Built-in Attributes + +locked, method, lvalue + +=item Available Subroutines + +get, reftype + +=item Package-specific Attribute Handling + +FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES + +=item Syntax of Attribute Lists + +=back + +=item EXPORTS + +=over 4 + +=item Default exports + +=item Available exports + +=item Export tags defined + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +method, locked + +=back + +=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item WARNING + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item HISTORY + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character +semantics + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal +escapes. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS + +=item charnames::viacode(code) + +=item charnames::vianame(code) + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item List constants + +=item Defining multiple constants at once + +=item Magic constants + +=back + +=item TECHNICAL NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning +diagnostics + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The C Pragma + +=item The I Program + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item INTERNALS + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 encoding - pragma to control the conversion of legacy data into +Unicode + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 fields - compile-time class fields + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +new, phash + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item subpragma access + +=back + +=back + +=head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating +point + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Adding directories to @INC + +=item Deleting directories from @INC + +=item Restoring original @INC + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in +operations + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY + +=item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of overloaded functions + +=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations + +FALSE, TRUE, C + +=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations + +=item Calling Conventions for Mutators + +C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions + +=item Overloadable Operations + +I, I, I, +I, I, I, I, I, I + +=item Inheritance and overloading + +Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation +is inherited by derived classes + +=back + +=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C + +=over 4 + +=item Last Resort + +=item Fallback + +C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE + +=item Copy Constructor + +B + +=back + +=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION + +I, I, +I, C, I, I, +I, I, I, I, +I + +=item Losing overloading + +=item Run-time Overloading + +=item Public functions + +overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) + +=item Overloading constants + +integer, float, binary, q, qr + +=item IMPLEMENTATION + +=item Metaphor clash + +=item Cookbook + +=over 4 + +=item Two-face scalars + +=item Two-face references + +=item Symbolic calculator + +=item I symbolic calculator + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable +type, `%s' is not a code reference + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +=over 4 + +=item SIGNAL HANDLERS + +B, B, B I + +=item SIGNAL LISTS + +B, B, B + +=item OTHER + +B, B, I, I + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=back + +=head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +C, C, C + +=back + +=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source +code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Utility functions + +$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]), +utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string) + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +C, C, C, C + +=back + +=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), +warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), +warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), +warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), +warnings::warnif($object, $message) + +=back + +=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION + +=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item DBM Comparisons + +[0], [1], [2], [3] + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Subroutine Stubs + +=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine + +=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine + +=item Package Lexicals + +=item Not Using AutoLoader + +=item B vs. B + +=back + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +$keep, $check, $modtime + +=over 4 + +=item Multiple packages + +=back + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=back + +=head2 B - The Perl Compiler + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES + +=over 4 + +=item SV-RELATED CLASSES + +=item B::SV METHODS + +REFCNT, FLAGS + +=item B::IV METHODS + +IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv + +=item B::NV METHODS + +NV, NVX + +=item B::RV METHODS + +RV + +=item B::PV METHODS + +PV, PVX + +=item B::PVMG METHODS + +MAGIC, SvSTASH + +=item B::MAGIC METHODS + +MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR + +=item B::PVLV METHODS + +TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG + +=item B::BM METHODS + +USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE + +=item B::GV METHODS + +is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, +LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS + +=item B::IO METHODS + +LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, +BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS + +=item B::AV METHODS + +FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS + +=item B::CV METHODS + +STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, +CvFLAGS, const_sv + +=item B::HV METHODS + +FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY + +=item OP-RELATED CLASSES + +=item B::OP METHODS + +next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private + +=item B::UNOP METHOD + +first + +=item B::BINOP METHOD + +last + +=item B::LOGOP METHOD + +other + +=item B::LISTOP METHOD + +children + +=item B::PMOP METHODS + +pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp + +=item B::SVOP METHOD + +sv, gv + +=item B::PADOP METHOD + +padix + +=item B::PVOP METHOD + +pv + +=item B::LOOP METHODS + +redoop, nextop, lastop + +=item B::COP METHODS + +label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line + +=back + +=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C + +main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, +sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), +walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), +ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), +threadsv_names + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate +bytecode + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, +B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, +B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, +B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, +B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item BUGS + +=item DIFFERENCES + +=over 4 + +=item Loops + +=item Context of ".." + +=item Arithmetic + +=item Deprecated features + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, +B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, +B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> + +=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS + +B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, +B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, +B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, +B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, +B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, +B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, +B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, +B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> + +=item ABBREVIATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item OP flags abbreviations + +=item OP class abbreviations + +=back + +=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, +B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I + +=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE + +=over 4 + +=item Synopsis + +=item Description + +=item new + +=item ambient_pragmas + +strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits + +=item coderef2text + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS + +B, B and B, B, +B, B, B, B, B + +=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS + +B<-u Package> + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CONVENTIONS + +=item IMPLEMENTATION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded + +=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Methods + +new, debug, iters + +=item Standard Exports + +timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), +timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( +TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) + +=item Optional Exports + +clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ +STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), +disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item INHERITANCE + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item MODIFICATION HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, +B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PROGRAMMING STYLE + +=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES + +=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): + +=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE + +=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: + +=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: + +=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: + +=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: + +=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: + +=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: + +=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: + +=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: + +=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: + +=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: + +=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: + +=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS + +=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE + +B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, +B<:standard>, B<:all> + +=item PRAGMAS + +-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, +-newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, +-private_tempfiles + +=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS + +1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a +
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a

    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates +a
tag) + +=back + +=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS + +=over 4 + +=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: + +=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER + +=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER + +B, 4, 5, 6.. + +=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: + +=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: + +=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL + +B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> + +=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS + +=back + +=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: + +=over 4 + +=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION + +=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML + +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); + +=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML + +=back + +=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: + +=over 4 + +=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG + +=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM + +B, B + +=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD + +=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD + +=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A POPUP MENU + +=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST + +B + +=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES + +B + +=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX + +B + +=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP + +B + +=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON + +B + +=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON + +=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON + +=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON + +B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment +type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE + +=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON + +=back + +=item HTTP COOKIES + +1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> + +=item WORKING WITH FRAMES + +1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the +document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in +the
tag + +=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS + +=item DEBUGGING + +=over 4 + +=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS + +=back + +=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES + +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B Return the script +name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, B + +=item USING NPH SCRIPTS + +In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> +parameters + +=item Server Push + +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() + +=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks + +B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script +basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> + +=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item CREDITS + +Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor +(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell +(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg +(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick +(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis +(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen +(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim +MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks +(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed +Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug +MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), +...and many many more.. + +=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or +other) error log + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES + +=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW + +=over 4 + +=item Changing the default message + +=back + +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS + +=item CHANGE LOG + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USING CGI::Cookie + +B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> + +=over 4 + +=item Creating New Cookies + +=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser + +=item Recovering Previous Cookies + +=item Manipulating Cookies + +B, B, B, B, B + +=back + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE + +=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS + +=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS + +=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS -=item Obsolete Diagnostics +=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION -Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open -temporary file, regexp too big +FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE -=item Configuration Changes +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION =item BUGS =item SEE ALSO -=item HISTORY - =back -=head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004 +=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Supported Environments +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Core Changes +=over 4 -=over +=item Tags that won't be formatted -=item List assignment to %ENV works +=item Customizing the Indenting -=item "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error now lists @INC +=back -=item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003 +=item BUGS -=item $PERL5OPT environment variable +=item AUTHOR -=item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options +=item SEE ALSO -=item More precise warnings +=back -=item Deprecated: Inherited C for non-methods +=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push -=item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable +=over 4 -=item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Group vector changeable with C<$)> +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Fixed parsing of $$, &$, etc. +=item USING CGI::Push -=item Fixed localization of $, $&, etc. +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph -=item No resetting of $. on implicit close +=over 4 -=item C may return undef +=item Heterogeneous Pages -=item C determines value of EXPR in scalar context +=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly -=item Changes to tainting checks +=back -No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No -spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name +=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS -=item New Opcode module and revised Safe module +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item Embedding improvements +=item BUGS -=item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes +=item SEE ALSO -=item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface +=back -=item New and changed syntax +=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch -$coderef->(PARAMS) +=over 4 -=item New and changed builtin constants +=item SYNOPSIS -__PACKAGE__ +=item ABSTRACT -=item New and changed builtin variables +=item DESCRIPTION -$^E, $^H, $^M +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item New and changed builtin functions +=item BUGS -delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in -Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module -VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C does not -reset search position on failure, C ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, -nested C closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals +=item SEE ALSO -=item New builtin methods +=back -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module -=item TIEHANDLE now supported +=over 4 -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this -LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Malloc enhancements +=item DESCRIPTION --DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Support for More Operating Systems +=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites -=over +=over 4 -=item Win32 +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Plan 9 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item QNX +=over 4 -=item AmigaOS +=item Interactive Mode -=back +Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, +install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or +distribution, ls author, Signals -=item Pragmata +=item CPAN::Shell -use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use -constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish +=item autobundle -=item Modules +=item recompile -=over +=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution -=item Required Updates +=item Programmer's interface -=item Installation directories +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples + +=item Methods in the other Classes + +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() -=item Module information summary +=item Cache Manager -=item Fcntl +=item Bundles -=item IO +=item Prerequisites -=item Math::Complex +=item Finding packages and VERSION -=item Math::Trig +=item Debugging -=item DB_File +=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode -=item Net::Ping +=back -=item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators +=item CONFIGURATION -=back +Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE +EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist +optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE +[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> -=item Utility Changes +=over 4 -=over +=item Note on urllist parameter's format -=item pod2html +=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support -Sends converted HTML to standard output +=back -=item xsubpp +=item SECURITY -C XSUBs now default to returning nothing +=item EXPORT -=back +=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES -=item C Language API Changes +=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS -C and C, C, Extended API for -manipulating hashes +=over 4 -=item Documentation Changes +=item Three basic types of firewalls -L, L, L, L, L, -L, L, L +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade -=item New Diagnostics +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall -"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is -not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too -large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free -nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, -Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort -subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in -use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant -subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did -not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too -long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, -internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type -in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once: -possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of -memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible -attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words -with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found -while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Too late for -"B<-T>" option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, -Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$" to -mean "${$}" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with -defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay -shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in -prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, -PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s +=back + +=item FAQ + +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) =item BUGS -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR -=item HISTORY +=item TRANSLATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS (possibly very outdated information) +=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over - =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back -=item Prerequisites +=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS +module -B, B +=over 4 -=item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS +=item DESCRIPTION -fork(), some features of the UNIX filesystem regarding link count and file -dates, inplace operation (the -i switch) without backup file, umask() -works, but the correct permissions are only set when the file is -finally close()d +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item INSTALLATION +=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) -=item Accessing documentation +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Manpages +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 -=item B +=item Forcing a Stack Trace -=item B C files +=back -=item C docs +=item BUGS =back -=item BUILD +=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside -=over +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree -=item Prerequisites +=over 4 -=item Getting the perl source +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Making +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Testing +=item FUNCTIONS -=item Installing the built perl +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) -=back +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES -=item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin +=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item PREREQUISITES +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 -=over +=item The C function -=item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it) +=item Class Creation at Compile Time -=item Cygwin Configuration +=item Element Types and Accessor Methods -C, I, Permissions +Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or +C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) + +=item Initializing with C =back -=item CONFIGURE +=item EXAMPLES -=over +Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 -=item Strip Binaries +=item Author and Modification History -=item Optional Libraries +=back -C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C), C<-ldb> (C), -C<-lcygipc> (C) +=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information -=item Configure-time Options +=over 4 -C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>, -C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles> +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Suspicious Warnings +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) -I, Win9x and C, Checking how std your stdio is.., -Compiler/Preprocessor defines +=item EXAMPLE -=back +=item WARNING -=item MAKE +=item GLOSSARY -=over +=over 4 -=item Warnings +=item _ -=item ld2 +C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> -=back +=item a + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item TEST +=item b -=over +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item File Permissions +=item c -=item Hard Links +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item Filetime Granularity +=item d -=item Tainting Checks +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item /etc/group +=item e -=item Script Portability +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous +=item f -=back +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item INSTALL +=item g -=item MANIFEST +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl -Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts +=item h -=item BUGS +C, C, C, C -=item AUTHORS +=item i -=item HISTORY +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=back +=item k -=head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95. +C, C -=over +=item l -=item SYNOPSIS +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item DESCRIPTION +=item m -=over +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item Prerequisites +=item M -DJGPP, Pthreads +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS +=item n -=item Building +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item Testing +=item o -=item Installation +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=back +=item p -=item AUTHOR +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item SEE ALSO +=item P -=back +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix -(HP-UX) systems +=item q -=over +C, C -=item DESCRIPTION +=item r -=over +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX +=item s -=item PA-RISC +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item PA-RISC 1.0 +=item t -=item PA-RISC 1.1 +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=item PA-RISC 2.0 +=item u -=item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX +=item v -=item The HP ANSI C Compiler +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item Using Large Files with Perl +=item x -=item Threaded Perl +C, C -=item 64-bit Perl +=item y -=item GDBM and Threads +C, C -=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) +=item z -=item perl -P and // +C, C =back -=item AUTHOR - -=item DATE +=item NOTE =back -=head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen -systems +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen +=item getcwd and friends -=item Failures during C +getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd -op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t +=item abs_path and friends + +abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path -=item Building external modules +=item $ENV{PWD} =back -=item AUTHOR +=item NOTES -=item DATE +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT. +=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, +subject to +change) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Target +=item Global Variables -=item Other OSes + $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, +@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, +$DB::lineno -=item Prerequisites +=item API Methods -EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh +CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), +CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() -=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...) +=item Client Callback Methods -=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl +CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), +CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), +CLIENT->output(LIST) =back -=over - -=item Frequently asked questions - -=over +=item BUGS -=item I cannot run external programs +=item AUTHOR -=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F from my -program. +=back -Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use -L? +=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x -=item C<``> and pipe-C do not work under DOS. +=over 4 -=item Cannot start C +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item INSTALLATION +B, B, B -=over +=over 4 -=item Automatic binary installation +=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater -C, C, F +=item Interface to Berkeley DB -=item Manual binary installation +=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File -Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable -(statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, -Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl -and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, -Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh +=item Default Parameters -=item B +=item In Memory Databases =back -=item Accessing documentation - -=over +=item DB_HASH -=item OS/2 F<.INF> file +=over 4 -=item Plain text +=item A Simple Example -=item Manpages +=back -=item HTML +=item DB_BTREE -=item GNU C files +=over 4 -=item F<.PDF> files +=item Changing the BTREE sort order -=item C docs +=item Handling Duplicate Keys -=back +=item The get_dup() Method -=item BUILD +=item The find_dup() Method -=over +=item The del_dup() Method -=item Prerequisites +=item Matching Partial Keys -=item Getting perl source +=back -=item Application of the patches +=item DB_RECNO -=item Hand-editing +=over 4 -=item Making +=item The 'bval' Option -=item Testing +=item A Simple Example -A lot of C, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F, -F, F, F, F +=item Extra RECNO Methods -=item Installing the built perl +B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> -=item C-style build +=item Another Example =back -=item Build FAQ - -=over +=item THE API INTERFACE -=item Some C became C<\> in pdksh. +B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = +$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, +$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, +$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> -=item C<'errno'> - unresolved external +=item DBM FILTERS -=item Problems with tr or sed +B, B, B, +B -=item Some problem (forget which ;-) +=over 4 -=item Library ... not found +=item The Filter -=item Segfault in make +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item op/sprintf test failure +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port - -=over - -=item C, C - -=item C - -=item C on the first line +=item HINTS AND TIPS -=item Additional modules: +=over 4 -=item Prebuilt methods: +=item Locking: The Trouble with fd -C, C, C, - C, C, -C, C, -C, C, -C, C, -C +=item Safe ways to lock a database -=item Misfeatures +B, B, B -=item Modifications +=item Sharing Databases With C Applications -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item The untie() Gotcha =back -=item Perl flavors - -=over +=item COMMON QUESTIONS -=item F +=over 4 -=item F +=item Why is there Perl source in my database? -=item F +=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? -=item F +=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? -=item Why strange names? +=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? -=item Why dynamic linking? +=back -=item Why chimera build? +=item REFERENCES -explicit fork(), open FH, "|-", open FH, "-|" +=item HISTORY -=back +=item BUGS -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item AVAILABILITY -=over +=item COPYRIGHT -=item C +=item SEE ALSO -=item C +=item AUTHOR -=item C +=back -=item C +=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both +printing and C -=item C +=over 4 -=item C or C +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Evolution +=over 4 -=over +=item Methods -=item Priorities +I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I +I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Reset -=item DLL name mangling +=item Functions -=item Threading +Dumper(I) -=item Calls to external programs +=item Configuration Variables or Methods -=item Memory allocation +$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Useperl I $I->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I $I->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Deparse I $I->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>) -=item Threads +=item Exports -C, F +Dumper =back -=back +=item EXAMPLES -=over +=item BUGS =item AUTHOR +=item VERSION + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390. +=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item PROFILE FORMAT -=item Unpacking +=item AUTOLOAD -=item Setup and utilities +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item Configure +=item BUGS -=item Build, test, install +=item SEE ALSO -=item Usage Hints +=back -=item Extensions +=head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability -=back +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Mailing list +=item WriteFile =back -=item HISTORY +=item ppport.h + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlposix-bc, README.posix-bc - building and installing Perl for -BS2000 POSIX. +=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item gzip +=item Runtime debugging -=item bison +=item Memory footprint debugging -=item Unpacking +=back -=item Compiling +=item EXAMPLES -=item Testing +=over 4 -=item Install +=item A simple scalar string -=item Using Perl +=item A simple scalar number -=back +=item A simple scalar with an extra reference -=item AUTHORS +=item A reference to a simple scalar -=item SEE ALSO +=item A reference to an array -=over +=item A reference to a hash -=item Mailing list +=item Dumping a large array or hash -=back +=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer -=item HISTORY +=item A reference to a subroutine =back -=head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl - -=over +=item EXPORTS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS -=item Installation +=item AUTHOR -=item Organization of Perl Images +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=back -=item Core Images +=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module -=item Perl Extensions +=over 4 -=item Installing static extensions +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Installing dynamic extensions +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item File specifications - -=over +=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests -=item Syntax +=over 4 -=item Wildcard expansion +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Pipes +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +I, I, I -=item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB +=item OO INTERFACE -=item Command line +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), +$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item I/O redirection and backgrounding +=item AUTHOR -=item Command line switches +=back --i, -S, -u +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm -=back +=over 4 -=item Perl functions +=item SYNOPSIS -File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, -exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select -(system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime -LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Perl variables +=item FUNCTIONS -%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $| +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) -=item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences +=item METHODS -=over +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest -=item SDBM_File +=item EXAMPLES -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item Revision date +=item COPYRIGHT -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32 +=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Setting Up - -Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC +=item NOTES -=item Building +=back -=item Testing +=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. -=item Installation +=over 4 -=item Usage Hints +=item SYNOPSIS -Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, -Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific -Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item BUGS AND CAVEATS +=item Creation -=item AUTHORS +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, +stopDbSignal -=item SEE ALSO +=item Methods -=item HISTORY +dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, +veryCompact, set, get =back -=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION +=back -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -method, locked +@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, +@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), +dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), +dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), +bootstrap() + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into +Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes +=head2 Encode - character encodings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Built-in Attributes - -locked, method, lvalue - -=item Available Subroutines - -get, reftype - -=item Package-specific Attribute Handling - -FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES +=over 4 -=item Syntax of Attribute Lists +=item TERMINOLOGY =back -=item EXPORTS - -=over +=item ENCODINGS -=item Default exports - -=item Available exports +=over 4 -=item Export tags defined +=item Characteristics of an Encoding -=back +=item Types of Encodings -=item EXAMPLES +Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, +Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings -=item SEE ALSO +=item Specifying Encodings -=back +1. By name, 2. As an object -=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used +=item Encoding Names -=over +The MIME name as defined in IETF RFCs, The name in the IANA registry, The +name used by the organization that defined it -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item PERL ENCODING API -=item WARNING +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Generic Encoding Interface -=item SEE ALSO +=item Handling Malformed Data -=back +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes -=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time +=item UTF-8 / utf8 -=over +=item Other Encodings of Unicode -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Listing available encodings -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Defining Aliases -=item HISTORY +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -=item SEE ALSO +=item Defining Encodings =back -=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package +=item Encoding and IO -=over +=item Encoding How to ... -=item SYNOPSIS +IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 +strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Messing with Perl's Internals -=item BUGS +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) -=item AUTHOR +=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES -=back +-Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), +-Edecode($octets,$check) -=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character -semantics +=over 4 -=over +=item Compiled Encodings -=item SYNOPSIS +.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other +variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 -=item DESCRIPTION +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal -escape. - -=over +=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables +of the Encode extension -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS - -=item BUGS +[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B -=back +=item KEYWORDS -=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants +=item COPYRIGHT -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension -=item NOTES +=over 4 -=item TECHNICAL NOTE +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B -=item AUTHOR +=item KEYWORDS =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning -diagnostics +=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation +variables -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item PERFORMANCE -=item The C Pragma +=back -=item The I Program +=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or +arrays -=back +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item SYNOPSIS -=item INTERNALS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item LIMITATIONS =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 fields - compile-time class fields +=head2 Errno - System errno constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -new, phash +=item CAVEATS -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators +=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item subpragma access +=item How to Export -=back +=item Selecting What To Export -=back +=item Specialised Import Lists -=head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of -double +=item Exporting without using Export's import method -=over +=item Module Version Checking -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Managing Unknown Symbols -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Tag Handling Utility Functions + +=item Ced Constants =back -=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler +=back + +=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPIS =item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time +=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in +Makefiles etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Adding directories to @INC - -=item Deleting directories from @INC - -=item Restoring original @INC - =back -=item SEE ALSO +cat -=item AUTHOR +eqtime src dst -=back +rm_rf files... -=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in -operations +rm_f files... -=over +touch files .. -=item SYNOPSIS +mv source... destination -=item DESCRIPTION +cp source... destination -=back +chmod mode files.. -=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output +mkpath directory.. -=over +test_f file -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS -=item UNIMPLEMENTED FUNCTIONALITY +=item SEE ALSO -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item USAGE -=item Declaration of overloaded functions +IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF -=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations +=item FUNCTIONS -FALSE, TRUE, C +=back -=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations +C_stringify NAME -=item Calling Conventions for Mutators +constant_types -C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions +memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT -=item Overloadable Operations +assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE.. -I, I, I, -I, I, I, I, I, I +return_clause -=item Inheritance and overloading +switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. -Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation -is inherited by derived classes +params WHAT -=back +dump_names -=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C +dogfood -=over +C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item +def_post -=item Last Resort +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=item Fallback +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER -C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE +WriteMakefileSnippet -=item Copy Constructor +WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, +BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -B +=over 4 -=back +=item AUTHOR -=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION +=back -I, I, -I, C, I, I, -I, I, I, I, -I +=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications -=item Losing overloading +=over 4 -=item Run-time Overloading +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Public functions +=item DESCRIPTION -overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) +=item @EXPORT -=item Overloading constants +=item FUNCTIONS -integer, float, binary, q, qr +xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), +ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item EXAMPLES -=item Metaphor clash +=item SEE ALSO -=item Cookbook +=item AUTHOR -=over +=back -=item Two-face scalars +=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there -=item Two-face references +=over 4 -=item Symbolic calculator +=item SYNOPSIS -=item I symbolic calculator +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item AUTHOR +=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=over 4 -Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable -type, `%s' is not a code reference +=item SYNOPSIS -=item BUGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item USAGE -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +=item FUNCTIONS -=over +new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), +packlist(), version() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item EXAMPLE -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling +=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions -=over +=over 4 -=item SIGNAL HANDLERS +=item EXTRALIBS -B, B, B I +=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH -=item SIGNAL LISTS +=item BSLOADLIBS -B, B, B +=back -=item OTHER +=item PORTABILITY -B, B, I, I +=over 4 + +=item VMS implementation + +=item Win32 implementation =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C +canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive =back -=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6575,896 +10985,890 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code +catfile -=over +constants (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +static_lib (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +dynamic_bs (o) -=item SEE ALSO +dynamic_lib (o) -=back +canonpath -=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) +perl_script -=over +pm_to_blib -=item SYNOPSIS +test_via_harness (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +tool_autosplit (override) -=back +tools_other (o) -=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings +xs_o (o) -=over +top_targets (o) + +htmlifypods (o) + +manifypods (o) + +dist_ci (o) + +dist_core (o) + +pasthru (o) + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), -warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), -warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), -warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), -warnings::warnif($object, $message) +=item METHODS =back -=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function - -=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION +perl_archive_after -=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item METHODS -=item DBM Comparisons +=over 4 -[0], [1], [2], [3] +=item Preloaded methods -=back +canonpath -=item SEE ALSO +=back =back -=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand +catdir + +catfile + +curdir + +rootdir + +updir + +=over 4 + +=item SelfLoaded methods + +c_o (o) -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +cflags (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +clean (o) -=over +const_cccmd (o) -=item Subroutine Stubs +const_config (o) -=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +const_loadlibs (o) -=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +constants (o) -=item Package Lexicals +depend (o) -=item Not Using AutoLoader +dir_target (o) -=item B vs. B +dist (o) -=back +dist_basics (o) -=item CAVEATS +dist_ci (o) -=item SEE ALSO +dist_core (o) -=back +dist_dir (o) -=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading +dist_test (o) -=over +dlsyms (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +dynamic (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +dynamic_bs (o) -$keep, $check, $modtime +dynamic_lib (o) -=over +exescan -=item Multiple packages +extliblist -=back +file_name_is_absolute -=item DIAGNOSTICS +find_perl -=back +=over 4 -=head2 B - The Perl Compiler +=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile -=over +fixin -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +force (o) -=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES +guess_name -=over +has_link_code -=item SV-RELATED CLASSES +htmlifypods (o) -=item B::SV METHODS +init_dirscan -REFCNT, FLAGS +init_main -=item B::IV METHODS +init_others -IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv +install (o) -=item B::NV METHODS +installbin (o) -NV, NVX +libscan (o) -=item B::RV METHODS +linkext (o) -RV +lsdir -=item B::PV METHODS +macro (o) -PV +makeaperl (o) -=item B::PVMG METHODS +makefile (o) -MAGIC, SvSTASH +manifypods (o) -=item B::MAGIC METHODS +maybe_command -MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR +maybe_command_in_dirs -=item B::PVLV METHODS +needs_linking (o) -TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG +nicetext -=item B::BM METHODS +parse_version -USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE +parse_abstract -=item B::GV METHODS +pasthru (o) -is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, -FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +path -=item B::IO METHODS +perl_script -LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, -BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS +perldepend (o) -=item B::AV METHODS +ppd -FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS +perm_rw (o) -=item B::CV METHODS +perm_rwx (o) -STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS +pm_to_blib -=item B::HV METHODS +post_constants (o) -FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY +post_initialize (o) -=item OP-RELATED CLASSES +postamble (o) -=item B::OP METHODS +prefixify -next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private +processPL (o) -=item B::UNOP METHOD +quote_paren -first +realclean (o) -=item B::BINOP METHOD +replace_manpage_separator -last +static (o) -=item B::LOGOP METHOD +static_lib (o) -other +staticmake (o) -=item B::LISTOP METHOD +subdir_x (o) -children +subdirs (o) -=item B::PMOP METHODS +test (o) -pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp +test_via_harness (o) -=item B::SVOP METHOD +test_via_script (o) -sv, gv +tool_autosplit (o) -=item B::PADOP METHOD +tools_other (o) -padix +tool_xsubpp (o) -=item B::PVOP METHOD +top_targets (o) -pv +writedoc -=item B::LOOP METHODS +xs_c (o) -redoop, nextop, lastop +xs_cpp (o) -=item B::COP METHODS +xs_o (o) -label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line +perl_archive -=back +perl_archive_after -=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C +export_list -main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, -sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), -hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate -bytecode +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item Methods always loaded + +wraplist =back -=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode +=back -=over +rootdir (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SelfLoaded methods -=item AUTHORS +guess_name (override) =back -=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +find_perl (override) -=over +path (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +maybe_command (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +maybe_command_in_dirs (override) -=item AUTHOR +perl_script (override) -=back +file_name_is_absolute (override) -=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +replace_manpage_separator -=over +init_others (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +constants (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +cflags (override) -=item OPTIONS +const_cccmd (override) -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-Ppackage> Stores package in the -output. =back +pm_to_blib (override) -=item EXAMPLES +tool_autosplit (override) -=item BUGS +tool_sxubpp (override) -=item AUTHORS +xsubpp_version (override) -=back +tools_other (override) -=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend +dist (override) -=over +c_o (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +xs_c (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +xs_o (override) -=item OPTIONS +top_targets (override) -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, -B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> +dlsyms (override) -=item EXAMPLES +dynamic_lib (override) -=item BUGS +dynamic_bs (override) -=item AUTHOR +static_lib (override) -=back +manifypods (override) -=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend +processPL (override) -=over +installbin (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +subdir_x (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +clean (override) -=item OPTIONS +realclean (override) -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, -B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, -B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> +dist_basics (override) -=item EXAMPLES +dist_core (override) -=item BUGS +dist_dir (override) -=item DIFFERENCES +dist_test (override) -=over +install (override) -=item Loops +perldepend (override) -=item Context of ".." +makefile (override) -=item Arithmetic +test (override) -=item Deprecated features +test_via_harness (override) -=back +test_via_script (override) -=item AUTHOR +makeaperl (override) -=back +nicetext (override) -=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code +catfile -=over +constants (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +static_lib (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +dynamic_bs (o) -=item OPTIONS +dynamic_lib (o) -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, -B, BIB<.> +canonpath -=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE +perl_script -=over +pm_to_blib -=item Synopsis +test_via_harness (o) -=item Description +tool_autosplit (override) -=item new +tools_other (o) -=item coderef2text +xs_o (o) -=back +top_targets (o) -=item BUGS +htmlifypods (o) -=item AUTHOR +manifypods (o) -=back +dist_ci (o) -=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode +dist_core (o) + +pasthru (o) + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item How To Write A Makefile.PL -=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint +=item Default Makefile Behaviour -=over +=item make test -=item SYNOPSIS +=item make testdb -=item DESCRIPTION +=item make install -=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS +=item PREFIX and LIB attribute -B, B and B, B, -B, B, B, B, B +=item AFS users -=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS +=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary -B<-u Package> +=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations -=item BUGS +=item Which architecture dependent directory? -=item AUTHOR +=item Using Attributes and Parameters -=back +ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, +EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, +HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, +INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, +INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, +INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, +MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, +NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, +PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW, +PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT, +PRINT_PREREQ, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, +XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION -=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=item Additional lowercase attributes -=over +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, +tool_autosplit -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Hintsfile support -=item CONVENTIONS +=item Distribution Support -=item IMPLEMENTATION + make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, + make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make +shdist, make zipdist, make ci -=item AUTHOR +=item Disabling an extension =back -=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files - -=over +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item SYNOPSIS +PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend +=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item MANIFEST.SKIP -=back +=item EXPORT_OK -=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES -=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=over +C I, C I, C I<$!>, +C I -=item SYNOPSIS +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item DESCRIPTION +B + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs +=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code +=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic +extension -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Methods - -new, debug, iters +DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME -=item Standard Exports +=item AUTHOR -timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), -timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( -TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) +=item REVISION -=item Optional Exports +=back -clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ -STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( -), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) +=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files -=back +=over 4 -=item NOTES +=item SYNOPSIS -=item EXAMPLES +=item DESCRIPTION -=item INHERITANCE +=item USAGE -=item CAVEATS +=item FUNCTIONS -=item SEE ALSO +new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() -=item AUTHORS +=item EXAMPLE -=item MODIFICATION HISTORY +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code +=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-Ppackage> Stores package in the -output. =back - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class +=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item PROGRAMMING STYLE - -=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES +=item NOTE -1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. For example, --value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values, -3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values' +=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): +=back -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE +=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces -=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: +=over 4 -=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: +=item SYNOPSIS -=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: +fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse -=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: +=item EXAMPLES -=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: +C, C -=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: +=back -=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: +=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree -=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: +=over 4 -=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: +=item DESCRIPTION -=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS +=back -=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE +=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles -B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, -B<:standard>, B<:all> +=over 4 -=item PRAGMAS +=item SYNOPSIS --any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, --autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS +=item RETURN -1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a -
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a
tag) +=item AUTHOR =back -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS - -=over - -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: +=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER +=over 4 -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER +=item SYNOPSIS -B, 4, 5, 6.. +=item DESCRIPTION -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: +=over 4 -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: +=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL +rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>) +=back -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS +=item RETURN -=back +=item NOTES -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: +=item AUTHOR -=over +=back -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS +=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS +=over 4 -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTOESCAPING HTML +=item NOTES -$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = -charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); +=item EXPORTS (by request only) -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML +=item BUGS -=back +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: +=item HISTORY -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG +=back -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM +=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree -B, B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD +=item WARNINGS -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD +=item CAVEAT -B +$dont_use_nlink, symlinks -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU +=item NOTES -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST +=item HISTORY -B +=back -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES +=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -B +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON +C, C -B +=item NOTES -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON +=back -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD +=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON +=item SYNOPSIS -B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment -type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON +=item AUTHORS =back -=item HTTP COOKIES +=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> +=over 4 -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES +=item SYNOPSIS -1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the tag +=item DESCRIPTION -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS +=item METHODS -=item DEBUGGING +canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir, +no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath, +splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS +=item AUTHORS =back -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B Return the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B, -B, B +=over 4 -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS +=item SYNOPSIS -In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters in the B and B statements: +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Server Push +devnull -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end() +=back -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks +tmpdir -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> +path -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL +canonpath() -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +splitpath -=item CREDITS +splitdir -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. +catpath -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT +abs2rel -=item BUGS +rel2abs() + +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm +=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Exports + +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log +=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES +=item METHODS -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW +canonpath -=over +=back -=item Changing the default message +catdir() -=back +catfile -=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS +curdir -=item CHANGE LOG +devnull + +rootdir + +tmpdir + +updir + +file_name_is_absolute + +path + +splitpath + +splitdir + +catpath + +abs2rel + +rel2abs + +=over 4 =item AUTHORS @@ -7472,4304 +11876,4417 @@ other) error log =back -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies +=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Cookie - -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> +=back -=over +=head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec +modules -=item Creating New Cookies +=over 4 -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Recovering Previous Cookies +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Manipulating Cookies +=item METHODS -B, B, B, B, B +canonpath() =back -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +catdir() -=item BUGS +catfile -=item SEE ALSO +curdir -=back +devnull -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI +rootdir -=over +tmpdir -=item SYNOPSIS +updir -=item DESCRIPTION +no_upwards -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE +case_tolerant -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS +file_name_is_absolute -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS +path -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS +join -=item CAVEATS +splitpath -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +splitdir -=item BUGS +catpath() + +abs2rel + +rel2abs() + +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code +=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +eliminate_macros -=item Tags that won't be formatted +=back -=item Customizing the Indenting +fixpath + +=over 4 + +=item Methods always loaded + +canonpath (override) =back -=item BUGS +catdir -=item AUTHOR +catfile -=item SEE ALSO +curdir (override) -=back +devnull (override) -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push +rootdir (override) -=over +tmpdir (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +updir (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +case_tolerant (override) -=item USING CGI::Push +path (override) --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires +file_name_is_absolute (override) -=over +splitpath (override) -=item Heterogeneous Pages +splitdir (override) -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly +catpath (override) + +abs2rel (override) + +rel2abs (override) + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS +=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION + +devnull =back -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch +tmpdir -=over +catfile -=item SYNOPSIS +canonpath -=item ABSTRACT +splitpath -=item DESCRIPTION +splitdir -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +catpath -=item BUGS +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites +=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely + +=over 4 -=over +=item PORTABILITY =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back -=item Interactive Mode +=over 4 -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, Signals +=item FUNCTIONS -=item CPAN::Shell +B -=item autobundle +=back -=item recompile +B -=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution +=over 4 -=item Programmer's interface +=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS -expand($type,@things), Programming Examples +B -=item Methods in the four Classes +=back -=item Cache Manager +B -=item Bundles +B -=item Prerequisites +B -=item Finding packages and VERSION +=over 4 -=item Debugging +=item POSIX FUNCTIONS -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode +B =back -=item CONFIGURATION - -Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE -EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist -optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE -[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> +B -=over +=over 4 -=item Note on urllist parameter's format +=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support +B =back -=item SECURITY - -=item EXPORT +=over 4 -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES +=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +B -=over +=back -=item Three basic types of firewalls +=over 4 -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +=item PACKAGE VARIABLES -=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall +B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH =back -=item FAQ +TopSystemUID -I installed a new version of module X but CPAN keeps saying, I have -the old version installed, So why is UNINST=1 not the default?, When I -install bundles or multiple modules with one command there is too -much output to keep track of, I am not root, how can I install a module in -a personal directory?, How to get a package, unwrap it, and make a change -before building it?, I installed a Bundle and had a couple of fails. When I -retried, everything resolved nicely. Can this be fixed to work on -first try? +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item WARNING -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item Temporary files and NFS + +=back + +=item HISTORY =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization +=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item NOTE + +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module +=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS =back -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) +=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines -=item Forcing a Stack Trace +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item BUGS +=head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering -=back +=over 4 -=head2 Carp::Heavy - Carp guts +=item SYNOPSIS -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SYNOPIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The Problem -=back +=item A Solution -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes +=item Disabling or changing behaviour -=over +=item All-in-one interface -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Filtering only specific components of source code -=item DESCRIPTION +C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">, +C<"all"> -=over +=item Filtering only the code parts of source code -=item The C function +Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up +into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'> +component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial +filters +described in the previous section. -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods +=item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C subroutine -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) +=item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together -=item Initializing with C +=item How it works =back -=item EXAMPLES - -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 +=item AUTHOR -=item Author and Modification History +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information +=head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE +=item B -=item WARNING +=item B -=item GLOSSARY +=item B -=over +B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B -=item _ +=back -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> +=item EXAMPLES -=item a +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Example 1: A simple filter. -=item b +=item Example 2: Using the context -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Example 3: Using the context within the filter -=item c +=item Example 4: Using filter_del -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=back -=item C +=item Filter::Simple -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item AUTHOR -=item d +=item DATE -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item e +=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=over 4 -=item f +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item g +=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item KNOWN ISSUES -=item h +=item KNOWN BUGS -C, C, C, C, C +=item AUTHORS -=item i +=item COPYRIGHT -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item k +=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. -C, C +=over 4 -=item l +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item m +=item AVAILABILITY -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item BUGS -=item M +=item SEE ALSO -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=back -=item n +=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=over 4 -=item o +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item p +=item Command Line Options, an Introduction -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long -=item P +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Simple options -=item q +=item A little bit less simple options -C, C +=item Mixing command line option with other arguments -=item r +=item Options with values -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=item Options with multiple values -=item s +=item Options with hash values -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item User-defined subroutines to handle options -=item t +=item Options with multiple names -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=item Case and abbreviations -=item u +=item Summary of Option Specifications -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ] -=item v +=back -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=item Advanced Possibilities -=item x +=over 4 -C, C +=item Object oriented interface -=item z +=item Documentation and help texts -C, C +=item Storing options in a hash -=back +=item Bundling -=item NOTE +=item The lonesome dash -=back +=item Argument callback -=head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory +=back -=over +=item Configuring Getopt::Long -=item SYNOPSIS +default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, +require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override +(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always +(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Return values and Errors -=back +=item Legacy -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) +=over 4 -=over +=item Default destinations -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Alternative option starters -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Configuration variables -=over +=back -=item Global Variables +=item Trouble Shooting - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno +=over 4 -=item API Methods +=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() +=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not +supplied -=item Client Callback Methods +=item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) +=item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? =back -=item BUGS - =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER + =back -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch +clustering -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B - -=over - -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 +=back -=item Interface to Berkeley DB +=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current +locale -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File +=over 4 -=item Default Parameters +=item SYNOPSIS -=item In Memory Databases +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item DB_HASH +=head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language +tags -=over +=over 4 -=item A Simple Example +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item DB_BTREE +the function is_language_tag($lang1) -=over +the function extract_language_tags($whatever) -=item Changing the BTREE sort order +the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=item Handling Duplicate Keys +the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=item The get_dup() Method +the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) -=item The find_dup() Method +the function super_languages($lang1) -=item The del_dup() Method +the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) -=item Matching Partial Keys +the function encode_language_tag($lang1) -=back +the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) -=item DB_RECNO +the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) -=over +=over 4 -=item The 'bval' Option +=item ABOUT LOWERCASING -=item A Simple Example +=item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS -=item Extra RECNO Methods +=item SEE ALSO -B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength> +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Another Example +=item AUTHOR =back -=item THE API INTERFACE +=head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages -B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> +=over 4 -=item DBM FILTERS +=item SYNOPSIS -B, B, B, -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS + +=item LIST OF LANGUAGES + +{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : +Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], +{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : +Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : +Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : +Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : +Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], +[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : +Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, +{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : +Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu +(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak +(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : +Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : +Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : +Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : +Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, +[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], +[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : +Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} +: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : +Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, +{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : +Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and +pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], +[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles +and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : +Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default +(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} +: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : +Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, +{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, +{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English +(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : +Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : +Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} +: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : +Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, +{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, +{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), +{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : +Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : +Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : +Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, +{he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : +Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, +{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, +{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], +{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language +Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} +: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : +Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : +Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, +{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : +Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : +Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} +: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, +{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, +{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : +Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} +: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, +{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : +Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : +Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : +Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, +{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : +Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, +{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo +languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : +Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} +: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : +Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : +Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} +: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : +Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : +Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : +Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, +{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, +{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} +: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, +{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, +{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian +languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : +Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : +Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian +(ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} +: Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], +{pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : +Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, +[{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : +Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan +languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], +{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : +Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, +[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, +{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, +{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : +Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], +{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : +Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern +Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} +: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : +Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : +Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : +Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} +: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} +: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, +{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga +(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : +Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish +(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, +{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : +Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : +Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], +{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, +{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, +{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik +languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : +Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni -=item The Filter +=item SEE ALSO -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item AUTHOR =back -=item HINTS AND TIPS - -=over +=head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd +=over 4 -=item Safe ways to lock a database +=item SYNOPSIS -B, B, B +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications +=over 4 -=item The untie() Gotcha +=item EXPORT =back -=item COMMON QUESTIONS +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? +=back -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? +=head2 IO - load various IO modules -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item REFERENCES +=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles -=item HISTORY +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AVAILABILITY +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C +=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Methods +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile -I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I -I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Reset +=item METHODS -=item Functions +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) -Dumper(I) +=item SEE ALSO -=item Configuration Variables or Methods +=item HISTORY -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>) +=back -=item Exports +=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles -Dumper +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item EXAMPLES +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item AUTHOR +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) -=item VERSION +=item METHODS + +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint + +=item NOTE =item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS + +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler +=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item PROFILE FORMAT +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item AUTOLOAD +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item METHODS -=item BUGS +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer +=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES - -=over - -=item A simple scalar string - -=item A simple scalar number - -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference +=item METHODS -=item A reference to a simple scalar +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) -=item A reference to an array +=item SEE ALSO -=item A reference to a hash +=item AUTHOR -=item Dumping a large array or hash +=item COPYRIGHT -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer +=back -=item A reference to a subroutine +=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects -=back +=over 4 -=item EXPORTS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item BUGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell =item SEE ALSO +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module +=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) -=over +=item METHODS -=item SYNOPSIS +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXAMPLE + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. +=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Creation +new ( [ARGS] ) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal +=item METHODS -=item Methods +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ARGS] ) + +=over 4 + +=item METHODS + +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() + +=back -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code +=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=back +new ( [ARGS] ) -=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation -variables +=item METHODS -=over +hostpath(), peerpath() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR -=item PERFORMANCE +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or -arrays +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory +handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item LIMITATIONS +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules +=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item How to Export - -=item Selecting What To Export - -=item Specialised Import Lists +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Exporting without using Export's import method +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile -=item Module Version Checking +=item METHODS -=item Managing Unknown Symbols +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) -=item Tag Handling Utility Functions +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O +handles -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPIS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in -Makefiles etc. +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) -=item SYNOPSIS +=item METHODS -=item DESCRIPTION +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint -=back +=item NOTE -cat +=item SEE ALSO -eqtime src dst +=item BUGS -rm_f files... +=item HISTORY -rm_f files... +=back -touch files .. +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -mv source... destination +=over 4 -cp source... destination +=item SYNOPSIS -chmod mode files.. +=item DESCRIPTION -mkpath directory.. +=item CONSTRUCTOR -test_f file +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) -=over +=item METHODS -=item BUGS +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () -=item SEE ALSO +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item @EXPORT - -=item FUNCTIONS - -xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), -ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) +=item METHODS -=item EXAMPLES +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for +I/O objects -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system +call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item FUNCTIONS +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() +=item METHODS + +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket +communications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions - -=over - -=item EXTRALIBS - -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH - -=item BSLOADLIBS - -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item PORTABILITY +new ( [ARGS] ) -=over +=item METHODS -=item VMS implementation +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) -=item Win32 implementation +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for +AF_INET domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive - -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +new ( [ARGS] ) -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item METHODS -=item DESCRIPTION +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker - -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT -=item METHODS +=back -=over +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for +AF_UNIX domain sockets -=item Preloaded methods +=over 4 -canonpath +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -catdir +new ( [ARGS] ) -catfile +=item METHODS -curdir +hostpath(), peerpath() -rootdir +=item SEE ALSO -updir +=item AUTHOR -=over +=item COPYRIGHT -=item SelfLoaded methods +=back -c_o (o) +=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -=back +=over 4 -cflags (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -clean (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -const_cccmd (o) +=item METHODS -const_config (o) +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat -const_loadlibs (o) +=item SEE ALSO -constants (o) +=item AUTHOR -depend (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -dir_target (o) +=back -dist (o) +=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing -dist_basics (o) +=over 4 -dist_ci (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -dist_core (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -dist_dir (o) +=item WARNING -dist_test (o) +=item SEE ALSO -dlsyms (o) +=back -dynamic (o) +=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error +handling -dynamic_bs (o) +=over 4 -dynamic_lib (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -exescan +=item DESCRIPTION -extliblist +=item WARNING -file_name_is_absolute +=back -find_perl +=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class -=over +=over 4 -=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile +=item SYNOPSIS -fixin +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item METHODS -force (o) +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat -guess_name +=item SEE ALSO -has_link_code +=item AUTHOR -htmlifypods (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -init_dirscan +=back -init_main +=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants -init_others +=over 4 -install (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -installbin (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -libscan (o) +ftok( PATH, ID ) -linkext (o) +=item SEE ALSO -lsdir +=item AUTHORS -macro (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -makeaperl (o) +=back -makefile (o) +=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -manifypods (o) +=over 4 -maybe_command +=item SYNOPSIS -maybe_command_in_dirs +=item DESCRIPTION -needs_linking (o) +=item METHODS -nicetext +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat -parse_version +=item SEE ALSO -parse_abstract +=item AUTHOR -pasthru (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -path +=back -perl_script +=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object +class -perldepend (o) +=over 4 -ppd +=item SYNOPSIS -perm_rw (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -perm_rwx (o) +=item METHODS -pm_to_blib +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat -post_constants (o) +=item SEE ALSO -post_initialize (o) +=item AUTHOR -postamble (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -prefixify +=back -processPL (o) +=head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines -realclean (o) +=over 4 -replace_manpage_separator +=item SYNOPSIS -static (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -static_lib (o) +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST -staticmake (o) +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS -subdir_x (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -subdirs (o) +=back -test (o) +=head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of +general-utility list subroutines -test_via_harness (o) +=over 4 -test_via_script (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -tool_autosplit (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -tools_other (o) +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST -tool_xsubpp (o) +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS -top_targets (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -writedoc +=back -xs_c (o) +=head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of +general-utility scalar subroutines -xs_cpp (o) +=over 4 -xs_o (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -perl_archive +=item DESCRIPTION -export_list +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype +EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF -=over +=item COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item BLATANT PLUG =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -=item Methods always loaded +=item SEE ALSO -wraplist +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency -=back +=item AUTHOR -=back +=item COPYRIGHT -rootdir (override) +=back -=over +=head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) -=item SelfLoaded methods +=over 4 -guess_name (override) +=item SYNOPSIS =back -find_perl (override) +=over 4 -path (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -maybe_command (override) +B, B, B -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) +=back -perl_script (override) +=over 4 -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -replace_manpage_separator +code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) -init_others (override) +=back -constants (override) +=over 4 -cflags (override) +=item QUERY ROUTINES -const_cccmd (override) +C, C -pm_to_blib (override) +=back -tool_autosplit (override) +=over 4 -tool_sxubpp (override) +=item CODE ALIASING -xsubpp_version (override) +=back -tools_other (override) +=over 4 -dist (override) +=item EXAMPLES -c_o (override) +=item DOMAIN NAMES -xs_c (override) +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -xs_o (override) +=item SEE ALSO -top_targets (override) +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, +http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, +http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html -dlsyms (override) +=item AUTHOR -dynamic_lib (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -dynamic_bs (override) +=back -static_lib (override) +=head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency +identification (ISO 4217) -manifypods (override) +=over 4 -processPL (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -installbin (override) +=back -subdir_x (override) +=over 4 -clean (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -realclean (override) +XTS, XXX -dist_basics (override) +=back -dist_core (override) +=over 4 -dist_dir (override) +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -dist_test (override) +code2currency(), currency2code() -install (override) +=back -perldepend (override) +=over 4 -makefile (override) +=item QUERY ROUTINES -test (override) +C, C -test_via_harness (override) +=back -test_via_script (override) +=over 4 -makeaperl (override) +=item EXAMPLES -nicetext (override) +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=item SEE ALSO -=over +Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT =back -catfile - -constants (o) - -static_lib (o) +=head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification +(ISO 639) -dynamic_bs (o) +=over 4 -dynamic_lib (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -canonpath +=back -perl_script +=over 4 -pm_to_blib +=item DESCRIPTION -test_via_harness (o) +=back -tool_autosplit (override) +=over 4 -tools_other (o) +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -xs_o (o) +code2language(), language2code() -top_targets (o) +=back -htmlifypods (o) +=over 4 -manifypods (o) +=item QUERY ROUTINES -dist_ci (o) +C, C -dist_core (o) +=back -pasthru (o) +=over 4 -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=item EXAMPLES -=over +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item How To Write A Makefile.PL +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Default Makefile Behaviour +=back -=item make test +=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization -=item make testdb +=over 4 -=item make install +=item SYNOPSIS -=item PREFIX and LIB attribute +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AFS users +=item QUICK OVERVIEW -=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary +=item METHODS -=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations +=over 4 -=item Which architecture dependent directory? +=item Construction Methods -=item Using Attributes and Parameters +=item The "maketext" Method -AUTHOR, ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, PERL_MALLOC_OK, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, -LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, -NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, -PM, PMLIBDIRS, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, -PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, -XS_VERSION +$lh->fail_with I $lh->fail_with(I), $lh->failure_handler_auto -=item Additional lowercase attributes +=item Utility Methods -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, +$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), +$language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), +$language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() -=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=item Language Handle Attributes and Internals -=item Hintsfile support +=back -=item Distribution Support +=item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES - make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci +=item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON -=item Disabling an extension +=item BRACKET NOTATION -=back +=item AUTO LEXICONS -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE -PERL_MM_OPT +=item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file +=head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item MANIFEST.SKIP +=item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes -=item EXPORT_OK +=over 4 -=item GLOBAL VARIABLES +=item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item The Linguistic View -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I +=item Breaking gettext -=item SEE ALSO +=item Replacing gettext -=item AUTHOR +=item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation + +=item Buzzword: Isomorphism + +=item Buzzword: Inheritance + +=item Buzzword: Concision + +=item The Devil in the Details + +=item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites + +=item References =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c +=back -=over +=head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader +=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding +of quoted-printable strings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic -extension +=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable +strings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME - -=item AUTHOR +encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); -=item REVISION +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files +=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE +=over 4 -=item FUNCTIONS +=item Canonical notation -new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() +=item Output -=item EXAMPLE +=item C, C and C -=item AUTHOR +=item Accuracy vs. Precision + +=item Rounding + +ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale +), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 ) =back -=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC +=item EXAMPLES -=over + # not ready yet -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Autocreating constants -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + +=item CAVEAT + +stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow + +=item LICENSE + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die +=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +Canonical notation, Input, Output -=back +=item ACCURACY and PRECISION -=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines +=over 4 -=over +=item Precision P -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Accuracy A -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Fallback F -=item NOTE +=item Rounding mode R -=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS +'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy +(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, +Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, +Remarks =back -=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces +=item INTERNALS -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item MATH LIBRARY -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SIGN -fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse +=item mantissa(), exponent() and parts() -=item EXAMPLES +=back -C, C +=item EXAMPLES -=back + use Math::BigInt; -=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree +=item Autocreating constants -=over +=item PERFORMANCE -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Alternative math libraries =back -=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles +=item BUGS -=over +Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CAVEATS -=item DESCRIPTION +stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity +handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object +types, bsqrt() -=item RETURN +=item LICENSE -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles +=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item EXPORT -=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) +=item WRAP YOUR OWN -rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) +=item LICENSE -=back +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. -=item RETURN +=item AUTHORS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some +=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTS (by request only) +=item OPERATIONS -=item BUGS +=item CREATION -=item AUTHOR +=item STRINGIFICATION -=item HISTORY +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 =back -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree - -=over +=item USAGE -=item SYNOPSIS +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item BUGS -=item CAVEAT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine +=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS -=item DIAGNOSTICS +B -C, C +=over 4 -=item NOTES +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO -=item AUTHOR +=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS =back -=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees +=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS + +=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS -=item AUTHORS +cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, +cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names +=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS -=item SEE ALSO +=back + +=item BUGS =item AUTHORS =back -=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item DETAILS -=item Exports +=item OPTIONS + +=over 4 + +=item INSTALL + +=item NORMALIZER + +=item C, C + +C, C, C, C, C =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item OTHER FACILITIES + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=item C =back -=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS +=item CAVEATS -=over +=item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT -=item SYNOPSIS +=item EXPIRATION SUPPORT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS -=item METHODS +=item MAILING LIST -canonpath +=item AUTHOR -=back +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE -catdir +=item THANK YOU -catfile +=back -curdir +=head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for +Storable use -devnull +=over 4 -rootdir +=item DESCRIPTION -tmpdir +=back -updir +=head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of +memoized values -file_name_is_absolute +=over 4 -path +=item SYNOPSIS -splitpath +=item DESCRIPTION -splitdir +=item INTERFACE -catpath + TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE -abs2rel +=item ALTERNATIVES -rel2abs +=item CAVEATS -=over +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs +=head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for +Storable use + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec +=head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for +Storable use -=over +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 Memoize::Saves - Plug-in module to specify which return values +should be memoized + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item CAVEATS -canonpath +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -catdir +=head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database -catfile +=over 4 -curdir +=item DESCRIPTION -devnull +=back -rootdir +=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +C, C, C + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C -tmpdir +=back -updir +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS -no_upwards +=back -case_tolerant +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch -file_name_is_absolute +=over 4 -path +=item SYNOPSIS -join +=item DESCRIPTION -splitpath +=over 4 -splitdir +=item Enforcing redispatch -catpath +=item Avoiding repetitions -abs2rel +=back -rel2abs +=item AUTHOR -=over +=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs +=head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -eliminate_macros +=item USER METHODS -=back +debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), +dataend () -fixpath +=item CLASS METHODS -=over +debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... +]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), +ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot () -=item Methods always loaded +=item EXPORTS -canonpath (override) +=item AUTHOR -=back +=item COPYRIGHT -catdir +=back -catfile +=head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet -curdir (override) +=over 4 -devnull (override) +=item SYNOPSYS -rootdir (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -tmpdir (override) +=item METHODS -updir (override) +requires_firewall HOST -case_tolerant (override) +=item NetConfig VALUES -path (override) +nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, +time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive, +ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=back -splitpath (override) +=head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name +and domain -splitdir (override) +=over 4 -catpath (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -abs2rel (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -rel2abs (override) +hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs +=head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -devnull +=item OVERVIEW -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -tmpdir +new (HOST [,OPTIONS]) -catfile +=item METHODS -canonpath +login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), +site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) +ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME +), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ), +mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( +REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] +), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, +REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( +CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR +] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( +FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, +DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), +pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () -splitpath +=over 4 -splitdir +=item Methods for the adventurous -catpath +quot (CMD [,ARGS]) -=over +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=item THE dataconn CLASS -=back +read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), +bytes_read (), abort (), close () -=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely +=item UNIMPLEMENTED -=over +B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B -=item PORTABILITY +=item REPORTING BUGS -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item USE EXAMPLES -=over +http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz -=item FUNCTIONS +=item CREDITS -B +=item COPYRIGHT =back -B +=head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class -=over +=over 4 -=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -B +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) -B +=item METHODS -B +article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( +[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] +), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( +USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( +SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave +(), quit () -=over +=over 4 -=item POSIX FUNCTIONS +=item Extension methods -B +newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), +overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN +), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( +MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ +GROUP ] ), reader =back -B +=item UNSUPPORTED -=over +=item DEFINITIONS -=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS +MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C -B +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item AUTHOR -=over +=item COPYRIGHT -=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS +=back -B +=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081) -=back +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS -=item PACKAGE VARIABLES +=item DESCRIPTION -B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH +=item EXAMPLES -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -TopSystemUID +new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] ) -=over +=item METHODS -=item WARNING +user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER, +PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, +FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( +MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () -=item HISTORY +=item NOTES =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions +=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Functions -=back +Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, +$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, +pingecho($host [, $timeout]); -=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits +=back -=over +=item WARNING -=item SYNOPSIS +=item NOTES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR(S) -=item BUGS +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script +=item EXAMPLES -=over +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item SYNOPSIS +new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] -=item DESCRIPTION +=item METHODS -=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES +banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME, +PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( +ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, +ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( +ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ +DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), +quit () -=item KNOWN BUGS +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. +=head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AVAILABILITY +inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, +PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]) -=item BUGS +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options +=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item Command Line Options, an Introduction +=item EXAMPLES -=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long +=item NOTE -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item Simple options +=back -=item A little bit less simple options +=head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions -=item Mixing command line option with other arguments +=over 4 -=item Options with values +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Options with multiple values +=over 4 -=item Options with hash values +=item Where to get this document -=item User-defined subroutines to handle options +=item How to contribute to this document -=item Options with multiple names +=back -=item Case and abbreviations +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item Summary of Option Specifications +=over 4 -!, +, s, i, f, : I [ I ] +=item Disclaimer =back -=item Advanced Possibilities - -=over +=item Obtaining and installing libnet -=item Object oriented interface +=over 4 -=item Documentation and help texts +=item What is libnet ? -=item Storing options in a hash +=item Which version of perl do I need ? -=item Bundling +=item What other modules do I need ? -=item The lonesome dash +=item What machines support libnet ? -=item Argument call-back +=item Where can I get the latest libnet release =back -=item Configuring Getopt::Long +=item Using Net::FTP -default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, -require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override -(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always -(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, -prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) +=over 4 -=item Return values and Errors +=item How do I download files from an FTP server ? -=item Legacy +=item How do I transfer files in binary mode ? -=over +=item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ? -=item Default destinations +=item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server +? -=item Alternative option starters +=item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ? -=item Configuration variables +=item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ? -=back +=item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ? -=item Trouble Shooting +=item Changing directory to "" does not fail ? -=over +=item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ? -=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option +=item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside +? -=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not -supplied +=item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21 -=back +=item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP +server ? -=item AUTHOR +=item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it +documented ? -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods =back -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back +=item Using Net::SMTP -=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current -locale +=over 4 -=over +=item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the +hostname ? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The verify method always returns true ? =back -=head2 IO - load various IO modules - -=over +=item Debugging scripts -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ? =back -=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile - -=item METHODS - -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +=item EXAMPLES -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTE -=item HISTORY +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles +=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item NOTE -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) +=item AUTHOR -=item METHODS +=back -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() +functions -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS -=item BUGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item HISTORY +=item EXAMPLES + +=item NOTE + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item THE .netrc FILE + +machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef +name + =item CONSTRUCTOR -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ]) =item METHODS -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () - -=item SEE ALSO +login (), password (), account (), lpa () =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=item CONVENTIONS -=item SEE ALSO +=item IMPLEMENTATION =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects +=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +C, C, C -=item HISTORY +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=back +=over 4 -=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call +=item C -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item SYNOPSIS -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLE +=item NOTE -=item AUTHOR +=item WARNING -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Operator Names and Operator Lists -=back +an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname +or optag, an operator set (opset) -=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications +=item Opcode Functions -=over +opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), +full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), +define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), +opdump (PAT) -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Manipulating Opsets -=item DESCRIPTION +=item TO DO (maybe) -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( [ARGS] ) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item Predefined Opcode Tags -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected +:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, +:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, +:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, +:dangerous =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets +=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted +compartments -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +a new namespace, an operator mask -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item WARNING -=over +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item RECENT CHANGES -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +=item Methods in class Safe -=back +permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, +...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from +(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), +root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) -=item SEE ALSO +=item Some Safety Issues + +Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=back =back -=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets +=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when +compiling -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item SEE ALSO -=item METHODS +=back -hostpath(), peerpath() +=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item NOTE -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory -handles +=item CAVEATS -=over +=item FUNCTIONS -=item SYNOPSIS +_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, +atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, +clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, +cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, +execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, +fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, +fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, +fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, +getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, +getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, +iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, +isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, +longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, +memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, +opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, +qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, +rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, +setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, +sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, +strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, +strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, +strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, +tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, +tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, +unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, +wctomb, write -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CLASSES -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item POSIX::SigAction -=item AUTHOR +new -=item COPYRIGHT +=item POSIX::SigSet -=back +new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember -=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=item POSIX::Termios -=over +new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, +getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, +setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc +field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field +values, c_oflag field values -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item PATHNAME CONSTANTS -=item CONSTRUCTOR +Constants -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile +=item POSIX CONSTANTS -=item METHODS +Constants -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +=item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=item HISTORY +=item ERRNO -=back +Constants -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O -handles +=item FCNTL -=over +Constants -=item SYNOPSIS +=item FLOAT -=item DESCRIPTION +Constants -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item LIMITS -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) +Constants -=item METHODS +=item LOCALE -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +Constants -=item NOTE +=item MATH -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=item BUGS +=item SIGNAL -=item HISTORY +Constants -=back +=item STAT -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +Constants, Macros -=over +=item STDLIB -=item SYNOPSIS +Constants -=item DESCRIPTION +=item STDIO -=item CONSTRUCTOR +Constants -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +=item TIME -=item METHODS +Constants -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () +=item UNISTD -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=item AUTHOR +=item WAIT -=item COPYRIGHT +Constants, Macros =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* +name space -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Defaults and how to override them + +=back =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for -I/O objects +=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system -call +=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) - -=item METHODS - -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +$class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), +$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), +$class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), +$obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), +$obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), +$obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) -=item EXAMPLE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle -=item COPYRIGHT +=back =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket -communications +=head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=item METHODS - -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected +=item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item podchecker() -=item COPYRIGHT +B<-warnings> =E I =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for -AF_INET domain sockets +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Errors -=item CONSTRUCTOR +empty =headn, =over on line I without closing =back, =item without +previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end +without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, +unresolved internal link I, Unknown command "I", Unknown +interior-sequence "I", nested commands +IE...IE...E...E, garbled entity I, Entity +number out of range, malformed link LEE, nonempty ZEE, +empty XEE, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s) +after =back -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item Warnings -=over +multiple occurence of link target I, line containing nothing but +whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has +no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I +vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No +items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section -=item METHODS +=item Hyperlinks -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' +deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or / =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item RETURN VALUE -=item AUTHOR +=item EXAMPLES -=item COPYRIGHT +=item INTERFACE =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for -AF_UNIX domain sockets - -=over +Cnew( %options )> -=item SYNOPSIS +C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, +@args )> -=item DESCRIPTION +C<$checker-Enum_errors()> -=item CONSTRUCTOR +C<$checker-Ename()> -new ( [ARGS] ) +C<$checker-Enode()> -=item METHODS +C<$checker-Eidx()> -hostpath(), peerpath() +C<$checker-Ehyperlink()> -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing +=head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item WARNING - -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error -handling - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item C -=item WARNING +C<-verbose =E 1>, C<-perl =E 1>, C<-script =E 1>, C<-inc =E +1> =back -=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item C -ftok( PATH, ID ) +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item C -=item COPYRIGHT +C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E +1> =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item C -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object -class +=head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item ARGUMENTS -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, +infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, +title, verbose -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXAMPLE + +=item ENVIRONMENT =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package +=head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, +commands, etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item REQUIRES -number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is -performed +=item EXPORTS -=item BUGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +package B, package B, package +B, package B =back -=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -Canonical notation, Input, Output +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item B -=item Autocreating constants +=back -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item B =back -=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical -functions - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item OPERATIONS +=over 4 -=item CREATION +=item B -=item STRINGIFICATION +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 +=item B =back -=item USAGE +=over 4 -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO +=item Pod::Paragraph-EB -=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS +=back -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $pod_para-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -B +=item $pod_para-EB -=over +=back -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO +=over 4 -=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS - -=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS +=over 4 -=over +=item $pod_para-EB -=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS +=back -=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS +=over 4 -cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, -cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHORS +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files +=over 4 + +=item B -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -C, C, C +=item Pod::InteriorSequence-EB -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item C +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=item BUGS AND WARNINGS +=over 4 + +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability +=over 4 + +=item $pod_seq-EB -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item $pod_seq-EB -=over +=back -=item Functions +=over 4 -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=item WARNING +=over 4 -=item NOTES +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() -functions +=over 4 -=over +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item NOTE +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() -functions +=over 4 -=over +=item Pod::InteriorSequence::B -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item B -=item NOTE +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Pod::ParseTree-EB -=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() -functions +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $ptree-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item $ptree-EB =back -=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() -functions +=over 4 -=over +=item $ptree-EB -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item $ptree-EB -=item NOTE +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item $ptree-EB -=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Pod::ParseTree::B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item CONVENTIONS +=over 4 -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files +=head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C - -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back -=item C +=over 4 -=back +=item OBJECT METHODS -=item BUGS AND WARNINGS +C =back -=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code +=over 4 -=over +=item Data Accessors -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item NOTE +B -=item WARNING +B -=item Operator Names and Operator Lists +B