X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=5244b1724d8bfcf008f44486732a70c69cad88ab;hb=899e16d05655bc0e6756c741b6155de313fa3bd4;hp=2e23fc91168a8687c8f1a38de88d259e567f06e9;hpb=d83268b4d361b8b6a29f97c1f25fe1161acb736c;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index 2e23fc9..5244b17 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -13,22 +13,12 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -modularity and reusability using innumerable modules, embeddable and -extensible, roll-your-own magic variables (including multiple simultaneous -DBM implementations), subroutines can now be overridden, autoloaded, and -prototyped, arbitrarily nested data structures and anonymous functions, -object-oriented programming, compilability into C code or Perl bytecode, -support for light-weight processes (threads), support for -internationalization, localization, and Unicode, lexical scoping, regular -expression enhancements, enhanced debugger and interactive Perl -environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library - =item AVAILABILITY =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -50,284 +40,70 @@ environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 20:38:02 $) -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, L: General Questions -About Perl, What is Perl?, Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it -free?, Which version of Perl should I use?, What are perl4 and perl5?, What -is perl6?, How stable is Perl?, Is Perl difficult to learn?, How does Perl -compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?, Can -I do [task] in Perl?, When shouldn't I program in Perl?, What's the -difference between "perl" and "Perl"?, Is it a Perl program or a Perl -script?, What is a JAPH?, Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?, -How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?, L: Obtaining and -Learning about Perl, What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?, How -can I get a binary version of Perl?, I don't have a C compiler on my -system. How can I compile perl?, I copied the Perl binary from one machine -to another, but scripts don't work, I grabbed the sources and tried to -compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make -it work?, What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is -CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?, Is there an ISO or ANSI certified -version of Perl?, Where can I get information on Perl?, What are the Perl -newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?, Where should I post -source code?, Perl Books, Perl in Magazines, Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW -Access, What mailing lists are there for perl?, Archives of -comp.lang.perl.misc, Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?, Where -do I send bug reports?, What is perl.com?, L: Programming Tools, -How do I do (anything)?, How can I use Perl interactively?, Is there a Perl -shell?, How do I debug my Perl programs?, How do I profile my Perl -programs?, How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?, Is there a -pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?, Is there a ctags for Perl?, Is there -an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?, Where can I get Perl macros for vi?, Where -can I get perl-mode for emacs?, How can I use curses with Perl?, How can I -use X or Tk with Perl?, How can I generate simple menus without using CGI -or Tk?, What is undump?, How can I make my Perl program run faster?, How -can I make my Perl program take less memory?, Is it unsafe to return a -pointer to local data?, How can I free an array or hash so my program -shrinks?, How can I make my CGI script more efficient?, How can I hide the -source for my Perl program?, How can I compile my Perl program into byte -code or C?, How can I compile Perl into Java?, How can I get C<#!perl> to -work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?, Can I write useful perl programs on the command -line?, Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?, Where can -I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?, Where can I learn about -object-oriented Perl programming?, Where can I learn about linking C with -Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp], I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't -embed perl in my C program, what am I doing wrong?, When I tried to run my -script, I got this message. What does it mean?, What's MakeMaker?, -L: Data Manipulation, Why am I getting long decimals (eg, -19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?, -Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?, Does Perl have a round() -function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?, How do I -convert bits into ints?, Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?, How do I -multiply matrices?, How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?, -How can I output Roman numerals?, Why aren't my random numbers random?, How -do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?, How do I find the current -century or millennium?, How can I compare two dates and find the -difference?, How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?, How -can I find the Julian Day?, How do I find yesterday's date?, Does Perl have -a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?, How do I validate input?, How -do I unescape a string?, How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?, -How do I expand function calls in a string?, How do I find matching/nesting -anything?, How do I reverse a string?, How do I expand tabs in a string?, -How do I reformat a paragraph?, How can I access/change the first N letters -of a string?, How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?, How can I -count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?, How do I -capitalize all the words on one line?, How can I split a [character] -delimited string except when inside [character]? (Comma-separated files), -How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?, How do I -pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?, How do I extract -selected columns from a string?, How do I find the soundex value of a -string?, How can I expand variables in text strings?, What's wrong with -always quoting "$vars"?, Why don't my <: Files and Formats, How do I flush/unbuffer an output -filehandle? Why must I do this?, How do I change one line in a file/delete -a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the -beginning of a file?, How do I count the number of lines in a file?, How do -I make a temporary file name?, How can I manipulate fixed-record-length -files?, How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?, -How can I use a filehandle indirectly?, How can I set up a footer format to -be used with write()?, How can I write() into a string?, How can I output -my numbers with commas added?, How can I translate tildes (~) in a -filename?, How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?, Why do -I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?, Is there a -leak/bug in glob()?, How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing -blanks?, How can I reliably rename a file?, How can I lock a file?, Why -can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?, I still don't get locking. I just -want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?, How do I -randomly update a binary file?, How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?, -How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?, How do I print to more than one -file at once?, How can I read in an entire file all at once?, How can I -read in a file by paragraphs?, How can I read a single character from a -file? From the keyboard?, How can I tell whether there's a character -waiting on a filehandle?, How do I do a C in perl?, How do I dup() -a filehandle in Perl?, How do I close a file descriptor by number?, Why -can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` -work?, Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?, Why does Perl let me -delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber protected files? Isn't -this a bug in Perl?, How do I select a random line from a file?, Why do I -get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?, L: Regexps, How -can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and -unmaintainable code?, I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. -What's wrong?, How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are -themselves on different lines?, I put a regular expression into $/ but it -didn't work. What's wrong?, How do I substitute case insensitively on the -LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?, How can I make C<\w> match national -character sets?, How can I match a locale-smart version of C?, -How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?, What is C really for?, -How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?, -Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?, What does it -mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?, How do I process -each word on each line?, How can I print out a word-frequency or -line-frequency summary?, How can I do approximate matching?, How do I -efficiently match many regular expressions at once?, Why don't -word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?, Why does using $&, $`, or -$' slow my program down?, What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?, Are -Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?, What's wrong with -using grep or map in a void context?, How can I match strings with -multibyte characters?, How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the -user?, L: General Perl Language Issues, Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE -for the Perl language?, What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how -do I know when to use them?, Do I always/never have to quote my strings or -use semicolons and commas?, How do I skip some return values?, How do I -temporarily block warnings?, What's an extension?, Why do Perl operators -have different precedence than C operators?, How do I declare/create a -structure?, How do I create a module?, How do I create a class?, How can I -tell if a variable is tainted?, What's a closure?, What is variable suicide -and how can I prevent it?, How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, -Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?, How do I create a static variable?, What's -the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between -local() and my()?, How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly -named lexical is in scope?, What's the difference between deep and shallow -binding?, Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right?, How do I redefine a -builtin function, operator, or method?, What's the difference between -calling a function as &foo and foo()?, How do I create a switch or case -statement?, How can I catch accesses to undefined -variables/functions/methods?, Why can't a method included in this same file -be found?, How can I find out my current package?, How can I comment out a -large block of perl code?, How do I clear a package?, How can I use a -variable as a variable name?, L: System Interaction, How do I -find out which operating system I'm running under?, How come exec() doesn't -return?, How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?, How do I -print something out in color?, How do I read just one key without waiting -for a return key?, How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?, -How do I clear the screen?, How do I get the screen size?, How do I ask the -user for a password?, How do I read and write the serial port?, How do I -decode encrypted password files?, How do I start a process in the -background?, How do I trap control characters/signals?, How do I modify the -shadow password file on a Unix system?, How do I set the time and date?, -How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?, How can I measure time -under a second?, How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception -handling), Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? -What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?, How can I call -my system's unique C functions from Perl?, Where do I get the include files -to do ioctl() or syscall()?, Why do setuid perl scripts complain about -kernel problems?, How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?, Why -can't I get the output of a command with system()?, How can I capture -STDERR from an external command?, Why doesn't open() return an error when a -pipe open fails?, What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?, How -can I call backticks without shell processing?, Why can't my script read -from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?, How can I -convert my shell script to perl?, Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp -session?, How can I write expect in Perl?, Is there a way to hide perl's -command line from programs such as "ps"?, I {changed directory, modified my -environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I -exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?, How do I close -a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?, How do I fork a -daemon process?, How do I make my program run with sh and csh?, How do I -find out if I'm running interactively or not?, How do I timeout a slow -event?, How do I set CPU limits?, How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?, -How do I use an SQL database?, How do I make a system() exit on control-C?, -How do I open a file without blocking?, How do I install a module from -CPAN?, What's the difference between require and use?, How do I keep my own -module/library directory?, How do I add the directory my program lives in -to the module/library search path?, How do I add a directory to my include -path at runtime?, What is socket.ph and where do I get it?, L: -Networking, My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. -(500 Server Error), How can I get better error messages from a CGI -program?, How do I remove HTML from a string?, How do I extract URLs?, How -do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on -another machine?, How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?, How do I fetch an -HTML file?, How do I automate an HTML form submission?, How do I decode or -create those %-encodings on the web?, How do I redirect to another page?, -How do I put a password on my web pages?, How do I edit my .htpasswd and -.htgroup files with Perl?, How do I make sure users can't enter values into -a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?, How do I parse a mail -header?, How do I decode a CGI form?, How do I check a valid mail address?, -How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?, How do I return the user's mail -address?, How do I send mail?, How do I read mail?, How do I find out my -hostname/domainname/IP address?, How do I fetch a news article or the -active newsgroups?, How do I fetch/put an FTP file?, How can I do RPC in -Perl? - -=over - -=item Where to get this document - -=item How to contribute to this document +=over 4 -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item Credits +=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. -=item Author and Copyright Information +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=over +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=item Bundled Distributions +=item L: Programming Tools -=item Disclaimer +=item L: Data Manipulation -=back +=item L: Files and Formats -=item Changes +=item L: Regexps + +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, -25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item L: System Interaction + +=item L: Networking =back -=head2 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents +=item About the perlfaq documents -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where to get the perlfaq + +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq + +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors -=item BASIC DOCUMENTATION +=back -=over +=item Credits -=item perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language +=item Author and Copyright Information -SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, AVAILABILITY, ENVIRONMENT, AUTHOR, FILES, SEE ALSO, -DIAGNOSTICS, BUGS, NOTES +=over 4 -=item perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 -20:38:02 $) +=item Bundled Distributions -DESCRIPTION +=item Disclaimer =back +=item Changes + +1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, +24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, +Initial Release: 11/March/97 + =back =head2 perlbook - Perl book information -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -335,11 +111,11 @@ DESCRIPTION =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Declarations @@ -367,11 +143,11 @@ DESCRIPTION =head2 perldata - Perl data types -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Variable names @@ -395,13 +171,13 @@ DESCRIPTION =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) @@ -488,9 +264,152 @@ regular expressions =back +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Private Variables via my() + +=item Persistent Private Variables + +=item Temporary Values via local() + +=item Lvalue subroutines + +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) + +=item When to Still Use local() + +=item Pass by Reference + +=item Prototypes + +=item Constant Functions + +=item Overriding Built-in Functions + +=item Autoloading + +=item Subroutine Attributes + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Perl Functions by Category + +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 + +=item Portability + +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions + +I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, +bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, +chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, +mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, +msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : +ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open +FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, +open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR +: ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe +READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE +LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, +LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, +qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, +rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, +recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename +OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, +return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex +STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar +EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select +FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl +ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort +BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice +ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf +FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, +use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, +values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn +LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// + +=back + +=back + =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -500,7 +419,7 @@ regular expressions =item Syntax -=over +=over 4 =item Making References @@ -520,7 +439,7 @@ regular expressions =item Credits -=over +=over 4 =item Distribution Conditions @@ -530,7 +449,7 @@ regular expressions =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -551,7 +470,7 @@ more elaborate constructs =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS @@ -563,7 +482,7 @@ more elaborate constructs =item HASHES OF ARRAYS -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS @@ -575,7 +494,7 @@ more elaborate constructs =item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES @@ -587,7 +506,7 @@ more elaborate constructs =item HASHES OF HASHES -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES @@ -599,7 +518,7 @@ more elaborate constructs =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS @@ -617,47 +536,20 @@ more elaborate constructs =back -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays - -=item Growing Your Own - -=item Access and Printing - -=item Slices - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item The Guide -=over +=over 4 =item Simple word matching =item Using character classes -\d is a digit and represents [0-9], \s is a whitespace character and -represents [\ \t\r\n\f], \w is a word character (alphanumeric or _) and -represents [0-9a-zA-Z_], \D is a negated \d; it represents any character -but a digit [^0-9], \S is a negated \s; it represents any non-whitespace -character [^\s], \W is a negated \w; it represents any non-word character -[^\w], The period '.' matches any character but "\n" - =item Matching this or that =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching @@ -666,12 +558,6 @@ character [^\s], \W is a negated \w; it represents any non-word character =item Matching repetitions -C = match 'a' 1 or 0 times, C = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e., -any number of times, C = match 'a' 1 or more times, i.e., at least -once, C = match at least C times, but not more than C times, -C = match at least C or more times, C = match exactly C -times - =item More matching =item Search and replace @@ -686,7 +572,7 @@ times =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over +=over 4 =item Acknowledgments @@ -694,247 +580,136 @@ times =back -=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial +=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Part 1: The basics +=over 4 -=over +=item Verbatim Paragraph -=item Simple word matching +=item Command Paragraph -=item Using character classes +=item Ordinary Block of Text -\d is a digit and represents [0-9], \s is a whitespace character and -represents [\ \t\r\n\f], \w is a word character (alphanumeric or _) and -represents [0-9a-zA-Z_], \D is a negated \d; it represents any character -but a digit [^0-9], \S is a negated \s; it represents any non-whitespace -character [^\s], \W is a negated \w; it represents any non-word character -[^\w], The period '.' matches any character but "\n", no modifiers (//): -Default behavior. C<'.'> matches any character except C<"\n">. C<^> -matches only at the beginning of the string and C<$> matches only at the -end or before a newline at the end, s modifier (//s): Treat string as a -single long line. C<'.'> matches any character, even C<"\n">. C<^> -matches only at the beginning of the string and C<$> matches only at the -end or before a newline at the end, m modifier (//m): Treat string as a set -of multiple lines. C<'.'> matches any character except C<"\n">. C<^> and -C<$> are able to match at the start or end of I line within the -string, both s and m modifiers (//sm): Treat string as a single long line, -but detect multiple lines. C<'.'> matches any character, even C<"\n">. -C<^> and C<$>, however, are able to match at the start or end of I -line within the string +=item The Intent -=item Matching this or that +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=item Common Pod Pitfalls -0 Start with the first letter in the string 'a', 1 Try the first -alternative in the first group 'abd', 2 Match 'a' followed by 'b'. So far -so good, 3 'd' in the regexp doesn't match 'c' in the string - a dead end. -So backtrack two characters and pick the second alternative in the first -group 'abc', 4 Match 'a' followed by 'b' followed by 'c'. We are on a roll -and have satisfied the first group. Set $1 to 'abc', 5 Move on to the -second group and pick the first alternative 'df', 6 Match the 'd', 7 'f' in -the regexp doesn't match 'e' in the string, so a dead end. Backtrack one -character and pick the second alternative in the second group 'd', 8 'd' -matches. The second grouping is satisfied, so set $2 to 'd', 9 We are at -the end of the regexp, so we are done! We have matched 'abcd' out of the -string "abcde" +=back -=item Extracting matches +=item SEE ALSO -=item Matching repetitions +=item AUTHOR -C = match 'a' 1 or 0 times, C = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e., -any number of times, C = match 'a' 1 or more times, i.e., at least -once, C = match at least C times, but not more than C times, -C = match at least C or more times, C = match exactly C -times, Principle 0: Taken as a whole, any regexp will be matched at the -earliest possible position in the string, Principle 1: In an alternation -C, the leftmost alternative that allows a match for the whole -regexp will be the one used, Principle 2: The maximal matching quantifiers -C, C<*>, C<+> and C<{n,m}> will in general match as much of the string -as possible while still allowing the whole regexp to match, Principle 3: If -there are two or more elements in a regexp, the leftmost greedy quantifier, -if any, will match as much of the string as possible while still allowing -the whole regexp to match. The next leftmost greedy quantifier, if any, -will try to match as much of the string remaining available to it as -possible, while still allowing the whole regexp to match. And so on, until -all the regexp elements are satisfied, C = match 'a' 0 or 1 times. Try -0 first, then 1, C = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e., any number of -times, but as few times as possible, C = match 'a' 1 or more times, -i.e., at least once, but as few times as possible, C = match at -least C times, not more than C times, as few times as possible, -C = match at least C times, but as few times as possible, -C = match exactly C times. Because we match exactly C times, -C is equivalent to C and is just there for notational -consistency, Principle 3: If there are two or more elements in a regexp, -the leftmost greedy (non-greedy) quantifier, if any, will match as much -(little) of the string as possible while still allowing the whole regexp to -match. The next leftmost greedy (non-greedy) quantifier, if any, will try -to match as much (little) of the string remaining available to it as -possible, while still allowing the whole regexp to match. And so on, until -all the regexp elements are satisfied, 0 Start with the first letter in the -string 't', 1 The first quantifier '.*' starts out by matching the whole -string 'the cat in the hat', 2 'a' in the regexp element 'at' doesn't match -the end of the string. Backtrack one character, 3 'a' in the regexp -element 'at' still doesn't match the last letter of the string 't', so -backtrack one more character, 4 Now we can match the 'a' and the 't', 5 -Move on to the third element '.*'. Since we are at the end of the string -and '.*' can match 0 times, assign it the empty string, 6 We are done! +=back -=item Building a regexp +=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide -specifying the task in detail,, breaking down the problem into smaller -parts,, translating the small parts into regexps,, combining the regexps,, -and optimizing the final combined regexp +=over 4 -=item Using regular expressions in Perl +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item Part 2: Power tools +=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary -=over +=over 4 -=item More on characters, strings, and character classes +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Compiling and saving regular expressions +=over 4 -=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression +=item Awk Traps -=item Non-capturing groupings +=item C Traps -=item Looking ahead and looking behind +=item Sed Traps -=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking +=item Shell Traps -=item Conditional expressions +=item Perl Traps -=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression +=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps -=item Pragmas and debugging +Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical +Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, +Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, +Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps -=back +=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps -=item BUGS +Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, +Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, +Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance -=item SEE ALSO +=item Parsing Traps -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing -=over +=item Numerical Traps -=item Acknowledgments +Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops -=back +=item General data type traps -=back +(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), +(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) -=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings +=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts -=over +(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Precedence Traps -=over +Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, +Precedence -=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings +=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. -=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> +Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular +Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, +Regular Expression -=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line +=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps -B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> +(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle -=item Backward Compatibility +=item OS Traps -=item Category Hierarchy +(SysV), (SysV) -=item Fatal Warnings +=item Interpolation Traps -=item Reporting Warnings from a Module +Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, +Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation -=back +=item DBM Traps -=item TODO - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item The Perl Debugger - -=over - -=item Debugger Commands - -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] - -=item Configurable Options - -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C - -=item Debugger input/output - -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing - -=item Debugging compile-time statements - -=item Debugger Customization - -=item Readline Support +DBM, DBM -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Unclassified Traps -=item The Perl Profiler +C/C trap using returned value, C on empty string with +LIMIT specified =back -=item Debugging regular expressions - -=item Debugging memory usage - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item BUGS - =back =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems @@ -944,7 +719,7 @@ OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS =item Command Switches -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, +B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, @@ -962,186 +737,151 @@ PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back -=item Perl Functions by Category +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=over 4 -=item Portability +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=over 4 -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, -chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, -connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, -dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete -EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, -each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, -exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, -fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, -getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam -NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname -NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, -getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, -goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, -import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, -last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, -link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, -lock, log EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK -LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl -ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd -ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module -LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack -TEMPLATE,LIST, package, package NAMESPACE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop -ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, -printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, -push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, -quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir -DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv -SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, -sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, -splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, -sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, -study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr -EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings + +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> + +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line + +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> + +=item Backward Compatibility + +=item Category Hierarchy + +=item Fatal Warnings + +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module =back +=item TODO + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Open E la shell +=item use strict -=over +=item Looking at data and -w and w -=item Simple Opens +=item help -=item Pipe Opens +=item Stepping through code -=item The Minus File +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T -=item Mixing Reads and Writes +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS -=item Filters +=item OUTPUT TIPS -=back +=item CGI -=item Open E la C +=item GUIs -=over +=item SUMMARY -=item Permissions E la mode +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item CONTRIBUTORS =back -=item Obscure Open Tricks +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging -=over +=over 4 -=item Re-Opening Files (dups) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Dispelling the Dweomer +=item The Perl Debugger -=item Paths as Opens +=over 4 -=item Single Argument Open +=item Debugger Commands -=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT +h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n +[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, +-, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, +b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname +[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] +command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O +option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> +command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! +cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] -=back +=item Configurable Options -=item Other I/O Issues +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C + +=item Debugger input/output -=over +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing -=item Opening Non-File Files +=item Debugging compile-time statements -=item Binary Files +=item Debugger Customization -=item File Locking +=item Readline Support + +=item Editor Support for Debugging + +=item The Perl Profiler =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT +=item Debugging memory usage -=item HISTORY +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS =back =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Predefined Names -$ARG, $_, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, @@ -1168,8 +908,8 @@ $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, -${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, -%ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, +%INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} =item Error Indicators @@ -1181,1387 +921,1487 @@ ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines - -=over +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Private Variables via my() +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays -=item Persistent Private Variables +=item Growing Your Own -=item Temporary Values via local() +=item Access and Printing -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Slices -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=back -=item When to Still Use local() +=item SEE ALSO -1. You need to give a global variable a temporary value, especially $_, 2. -You need to create a local file or directory handle or a local function, 3. -You want to temporarily change just one element of an array or hash +=item AUTHOR -=item Pass by Reference +=back -=item Prototypes +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl -=item Constant Functions +=over 4 -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Autoloading +=item Open E la shell -=item Subroutine Attributes +=over 4 -=back +=item Simple Opens -=item SEE ALSO +=item Pipe Opens -=back +=item The Minus File -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=item Mixing Reads and Writes -=over +=item Filters -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=over +=item Open E la C -=item Packages +=over 4 -=item Symbol Tables - -=item Package Constructors and Destructors - -=item Perl Classes - -=item Perl Modules +=item Permissions E la mode =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Obscure Open Tricks -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) -=over +=item Dispelling the Dweomer -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Paths as Opens -=over +=item Single Argument Open -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT -=item Command Paragraph +=back -=item Ordinary Block of Text +=item Other I/O Issues -=item The Intent +=over 4 -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item Opening Non-File Files -=item Common Pod Pitfalls +=item Binary Files + +=item File Locking =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=item Part 1: The basics -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Simple word matching -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +=item Using character classes -=over +=item Matching this or that -=item Pragmatic Modules +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload, -re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings +=item Extracting matches -=item Standard Modules +=item Matching repetitions -AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, -B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, -CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, -CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, -Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, -English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, -ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, -ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, -ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, -ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, -File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, -File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, -File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, -File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, -I18N::Collate, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, NDBM_File, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, -Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, -Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, -Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, -Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, -SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, -Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, -Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, -Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, -Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, -User::pwent +=item Building a regexp -=item Extension Modules +=item Using regular expressions in Perl =back -=item CPAN - -Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating -System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess -Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces, -User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages, -File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String -Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching, Option, -Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing, -Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security, and Encryption, -World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities, -Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, -and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and -exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities, -Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe, -North America, South America +=item Part 2: Power tools -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=over 4 -=over +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions -Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new -module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select -what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?, -README and other Additional Files, A description of the -module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites -- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to -Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release, -especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in -the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a -version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take -care when changing a released module +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=item Non-capturing groupings -There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications, -Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started, -Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from ' -to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes +=item Looking ahead and looking behind -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking -Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many -applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the -reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity -to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application' -can then be reduced to a small +=item Conditional expressions -=back +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression -=item NOTE +=item Pragmas and debugging =back -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=item BUGS -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over +=over 4 -=item PREAMBLE +=item Acknowledgments -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=back =back -=item HEY +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +i, m, s, x -=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution +=over 4 -=over +=item Regular Expressions -=item DESCRIPTION +cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit -=over +=item Extended Patterns -=item Warning +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> -=item What should I make into a module? +=item Backtracking -=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions -Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 -=item Step-by-step: Making the module +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring -Start with F, Use L and L, Use -L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README +=item Combining pieces together -=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> -Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the -tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! +=item Creating custom RE engines =back -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item NOTE -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Awk Traps +=over 4 -=item C Traps +=item Making References -=item Sed Traps +=item Using References -=item Shell Traps +=item Symbolic references -=item Perl Traps +=item Not-so-symbolic references -=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash -Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical -Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, -Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, -Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps +=item Function Templates -=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps +=back -Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, -Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, -Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance +=item WARNING -=item Parsing Traps +=item SEE ALSO -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +=back -=item Numerical Traps +=head2 perlform - Perl formats -Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops +=over 4 -=item General data type traps +=item DESCRIPTION -(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), -(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) +=over 4 -=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts +=item Format Variables -(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) +=back -=item Precedence Traps +=item NOTES -Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, -Precedence +=over 4 -=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. +=item Footers -Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular -Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +=item Accessing Formatting Internals -=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps +=back -(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle +=item WARNINGS -=item OS Traps +=back -(SysV), (SysV) +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial -=item Interpolation Traps +=over 4 -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item DBM Traps +=over 4 -DBM, DBM +=item If we could talk to the animals... -=item Unclassified Traps +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow -C/C trap using returned value, C on empty string with -LIMIT specified +=item Invoking a barnyard -=back +=item The extra parameter of method invocation -=back +=item Calling a second method to simplify things -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=item Inheriting the windpipes -=over +=item A few notes about @ISA -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Overriding the methods -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item Starting the search from a different place -=item ISSUES +=item The SUPER way of doing things -=over +=item Where we're at so far... -=item Newlines +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item Invoking an instance method -=item Files and Filesystems +=item Accessing the instance data -=item System Interaction +=item How to build a horse -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +=item Inheriting the constructor -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances -=item Standard Modules +=item Adding parameters to a method -=item Time and Date +=item More interesting instances -=item Character sets and character encoding +=item A horse of a different color -=item Internationalisation +=item Summary -=item System Resources +=back -=item Security +=item SEE ALSO -=item Style +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item CPAN Testers +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=over 4 -=item PLATFORMS +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item Creating a Class -=item Unix +=over 4 -=item DOS and Derivatives +=item Object Representation -Build instructions for OS/2, L +=item Class Interface -=item S +=item Constructors and Instance Methods -=item VMS +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors -=item VOS +=item Destructors -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=item Other Object Methods -=item Acorn RISC OS +=back -=item Other perls +=item Class Data -=back +=over 4 -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=item Accessing Class Data -=over +=item Debugging Methods -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Class Destructors --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, -getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, -getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, -getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, -setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, -setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, -endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, -ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, -lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, -msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, -open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, -select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget -KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, -symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=item Documenting the Interface =back -=item CHANGES +=item Aggregation -v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, -v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May -1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December -1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August -1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, -v1.23, 10 July 1998 +=item Inheritance -=item Supported Platforms +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Overridden Methods -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +=item Multiple Inheritance -=item VERSION +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects =back -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=item Alternate Object Representations -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Arrays as Objects -=over +=item Closures as Objects -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data +=back -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +=over 4 -=item Security Bugs +=item Autoloaded Data Methods -=item Protecting Your Programs +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods =back -=item SEE ALSO - -=back +=item Metaclassical Tools -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=over 4 -=over +=item Class::Struct -=item NOTE +=item Data Members as Variables -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=over +=item NOTES -=item Making References +=over 4 -=item Using References +=item Object Terminology -=item Symbolic references +=back -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item SEE ALSO -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Function Templates +=item COPYRIGHT -=back +=over 4 -=item WARNING +=item Acknowledgments -=item SEE ALSO +=back =back -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -i, m, s, x +=item Class Data in a Can -=over +=item Class Data as Package Variables -=item Regular Expressions +=over 4 -cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket -=item Extended Patterns +=item Inheritance Concerns -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object -=item Backtracking +=item Indirect References to Class Data -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item Monadic Classes -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item Translucent Attributes -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=back -=item Combining pieces together +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=over 4 -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item Privacy and Responsibility -=back +=item File-Scoped Lexicals -=item BUGS +=item More Inheritance Concerns -=item SEE ALSO +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key + +=item Translucency Revisited =back -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item NOTES -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item Format Variables +=item HISTORY =back -=item NOTES +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects -=over +=over 4 -=item Footers +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +=over 4 -=back +=item An Object is Simply a Reference -=item WARNINGS +=item A Class is Simply a Package -=back +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=item Method Invocation -=over +=item Indirect Object Syntax -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=item USING LOCALES +=item Destructors -=over +=item Summary -=item The use locale pragma +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection -=item The setlocale function +=back -=item Finding locales +=item SEE ALSO -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=back -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=over 4 -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item OO SCALING TIPS -=item The localeconv function +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES -=back +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE -=over +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT -=item LC_TIME +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR -=item Other categories +=item DELEGATION =back -=item SECURITY - -B (C, C, C, C and C):, -B (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>), -B (C):, B (C):, -B (printf() and write()):, B (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B (localeconv(), strcoll(), strftime(), strxfrm()):, B (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(), isgraph(), -islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(), isxdigit()): - -=item ENVIRONMENT +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG +=over 4 -=item NOTES +=item SYNOPSIS -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Backward compatibility +=over 4 -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +=item Tying Scalars -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=item Tying Arrays -=item Freely available locale definitions +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this -=item I18n and l10n +=item Tying Hashes -=item An imperfect standard +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this -=back +=item Tying FileHandles -=item BUGS +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=over +=item UNTIE this -=item Broken systems +=item The C Gotcha =back =item SEE ALSO -=item HISTORY +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Important Caveat - -Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed -to enable a few features +=item Signals -=item Byte and Character semantics +=item Named Pipes -=item Effects of character semantics +=over 4 -=item Character encodings for input and output +=item WARNING =back -=item CAVEATS +=item Using open() for IPC -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item Filehandles -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=item Background Processes -=over +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Safe Pipe Opens -=over +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=back -=item Invoking a barnyard +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=over 4 -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item Internet Line Terminators -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers -=item Overriding the methods +=back -=item Starting the search from a different place +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=over 4 -=item Where we're at so far... +=item A Simple Client -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +C, C, C -=item Invoking an instance method +=item A Webget Client -=item Accessing the instance data +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket -=item How to build a horse +=back -=item Inheriting the constructor +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item UDP: Message Passing -=item More interesting instances +=item SysV IPC -=item A horse of a different color +=item NOTES -=item Summary +=item BUGS -=back +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item Creating a Class +=over 4 -=over +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes -=item Object Representation +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets -=item Class Interface +=item Resource limits -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=item Killing the parent process -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes -=item Destructors +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS -=item Other Object Methods +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions =back -=item Class Data - -=over - -=item Accessing Class Data - -=item Debugging Methods +=item BUGS -=item Class Destructors +=item AUTHOR -=item Documenting the Interface +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Aggregation - -=item Inheritance +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl -=over +=over 4 -=item Overridden Methods +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item DESCRIPTION -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item Storing numbers -=back +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions -=item Alternate Object Representations +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations -=over +Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, +C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string -=item Arrays as Objects +=item AUTHOR -=item Closures as Objects +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods - -=over - -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? -=over +=item Threaded Program Models -=item Class::Struct +=over 4 -=item Data Members as Variables +=item Boss/Worker -=item NOTES +=item Work Crew -=item Object Terminology +=item Pipeline =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Native threads -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item What kind of threads are perl threads? -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Threadsafe Modules -=over +=item Thread Basics -=item Acknowledgments +=over 4 -=back +=item Basic Thread Support -=back +=item Creating Threads -=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=item Giving up control -=over +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Errors In Threads -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=item Ignoring A Thread + +=back -=over +=item Threads And Data -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=over 4 -=item Inheritance Concerns +=item Shared And Unshared Data -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +=item Thread Pitfall: Races -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=item Controlling access: lock() -=item Monadic Classes +=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks -=item Translucent Attributes +=item Queues: Passing Data Around =back -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item Threads And Code -=over +=over 4 -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item Subroutine Locks -=item Translucency Revisited +=item Methods + +=item Locking A Subroutine =back -=item NOTES +=item General Thread Utility Routines -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item What Thread Am I In? -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=item Thread IDs -=item HISTORY +=item Are These Threads The Same? -=back +=item What Threads Are Running? -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=back -=over +=item A Complete Example -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Conclusion -=over +=item Bibliography -=item An Object is Simply a Reference +=over 4 -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item Introductory Texts -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=item OS-Related References -=item Method Invocation +=item Other References -=item WARNING +=back -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item Acknowledgements -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item AUTHOR -=item Destructors +=item Copyrights -=item Summary +=back -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl -=back +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I +portable -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=item ISSUES -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Newlines -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=item Numbers endianness and Width -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item Files and Filesystems -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item System Interaction -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item External Subroutines (XS) -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +=item Standard Modules -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item Time and Date -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +=item Character sets and character encoding -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item Internationalisation -=item DELEGATION +=item System Resources -=back +=item Security -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +=item Style -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CPAN Testers -=item DESCRIPTION +Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: +http://testers.cpan.org/ -=over +=item PLATFORMS -=item Tying Scalars +=over 4 -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this +=item Unix -=item Tying Arrays +=item DOS and Derivatives -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -DESTROY this +=item S -=item Tying Hashes +=item VMS -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this +=item VOS -=item Tying FileHandles +=item EBCDIC Platforms -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, DESTROY this +=item Acorn RISC OS -=item The C Gotcha +=item Other perls =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=back +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode +FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt +PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec +LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, +getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, +getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, +getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, +setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, +setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, +endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, +ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, +lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, +msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, +open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, +select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, +setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, +wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=back -=over +=item CHANGES -=item DESCRIPTION +v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, +v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 +May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February +1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September +1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, +v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 -=item Signals +=item Supported Platforms -=item Named Pipes +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS -=item WARNING +=item VERSION =back -=item Using open() for IPC +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) -=over +=over 4 -=item Filehandles +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Background Processes +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item USING LOCALES -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=over 4 -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item The use locale pragma -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item The setlocale function -=back +=item Finding locales -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS -=over +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item Permanently fixing locale problems -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item Fixing system locale configuration + +=item The localeconv function =back -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES -=over +=over 4 -=item A Simple Client +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation -C, C, C +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types -=item A Webget Client +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts -=back +=item LC_TIME -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item Other categories -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=back -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item SECURITY -=item SysV IPC +=item ENVIRONMENT + +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG =item NOTES -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Backward compatibility -=item SEE ALSO +=item I18N:Collate obsolete -=back +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC -=over +=item Freely available locale definitions -=item SYNOPSIS +=item I18n and l10n -=item DESCRIPTION +=item An imperfect standard -=item Storing numbers +=back -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item BUGS -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=over 4 -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item Broken systems -=item AUTHOR +=back =item SEE ALSO -=back +=item HISTORY -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation +=back -=over +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes - -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets +=over 4 -=item Resource limits +=item Important Caveats -=item Killing the parent process +Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed +to enable a few features -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item Byte and Character semantics -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item Effects of character semantics -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item Character encodings for input and output =back -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR +=item CAVEATS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item What Is A Thread Anyway? - -=item Threaded Program Models - -=over - -=item Boss/Worker +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item Work Crew +=over 4 -=item Pipeline +=item ASCII -=back +=item ISO 8859 -=item Native threads +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) -=item What kind of threads are perl threads? +=item EBCDIC -=item Threadsafe Modules +=item 13 variant characters -=item Thread Basics +=item 0037 -=over +=item 1047 -=item Basic Thread Support +=item POSIX-BC -=item Creating Threads +=item Unicode and UTF -=item Giving up control +=back -=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES -=item Errors In Threads +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 -=item Ignoring A Thread +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS -=back +=item CONVERSIONS -=item Threads And Data +=over 4 -=over +=item tr/// -=item Shared And Unshared Data +=item iconv -=item Thread Pitfall: Races +=item C RTL -=item Controlling access: lock() +=back -=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES -=item Queues: Passing Data Around +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES -=back +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() -=item Threads And Code +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES -=over +=item SOCKETS -=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access +=item SORTING -Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores +=over 4 -=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. -=item Subroutine Locks +=item MONO CASE then sort data. -=item Methods +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. -=item Locking A Subroutine +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. =back -=item General Thread Utility Routines +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS -=over +=over 4 -=item What Thread Am I In? +=item URL decoding and encoding -=item Thread IDs +=item uu encoding and decoding -=item Are These Threads The Same? +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding -=item What Threads Are Running? +=item Caesarian ciphers =back -=item A Complete Example +=item Hashing order and checksums -=item Conclusion +=item I18N AND L10N -=item Bibliography +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS -=over +=item OS ISSUES -=item Introductory Texts +=over 4 -=item OS-Related References +=item OS/400 -=item Other References +IFS access -=back +=item OS/390, z/OS -=item Acknowledgements +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales -=item AUTHOR +=item VM/ESA? -=item Copyrights +=item POSIX-BC? =back -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics +=item BUGS -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item REFERENCES + +=item HISTORY + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) +=head2 perlsec - Perl security -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item What is Perl? +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? +=item Switches On the "#!" Line -=item Which version of Perl should I use? +=item Cleaning Up Your Path -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=item Security Bugs -=item What is perl6? +=item Protecting Your Programs -=item How stable is Perl? +=back -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +=back -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=over 4 -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=over 4 -=item What is a JAPH? +=item Packages -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +=item Symbol Tables -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)? +=item Package Constructors and Destructors -=back +=item Perl Classes -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Perl Modules =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, -$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones -=over +=over 4 -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? +=over 4 -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. +=item Pragmatic Modules -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, +diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload, +re, sigtrap, strict, subs, unicode::distinct, utf8, vars, warnings, +warnings::register -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +=item Standard Modules + +AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, +B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, +B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, +B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, +CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, +CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, +Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, +Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, +Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, +ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, +ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, +ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, +ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, +ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, +File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, +File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, +File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, +File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, +Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, +Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, +Math::Trig, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, +Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, +Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, +Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, +Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, +Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, +Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, +Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, +Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, +Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, +Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, +UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32 + +=item Extension Modules + +=back + +=item CPAN + +=over 4 + +=item Africa + +=item Asia + +=item Central America + +=item Europe + +=item North America + +=item Oceania + +=item South America + +=back + +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse + +=over 4 + +=item Guidelines for Module Creation + +Adding a Copyright Notice + +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules + +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code + +=back + +=item NOTE + +=back + +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PREAMBLE + +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module + +=back + +=item PORTABILITY + +=item HEY + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Warning + +=item What should I make into a module? + +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground + +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again + +=item Step-by-step: Making the module + +Start with F, Use L and L, Use +L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README + +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module + +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: +1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item What is Perl? + +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? + +=item Which version of Perl should I use? + +=item What are perl4 and perl5? + +=item What is perl6? + +=item How stable is Perl? + +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? + +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? + +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? + +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? + +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? + +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? + +=item What is a JAPH? + +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? + +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, +$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? + +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? + +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? + +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. + +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? + +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? @@ -2598,11 +2438,11 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I do (anything)? @@ -2622,6 +2462,10 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, +CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha + =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? @@ -2663,7 +2507,7 @@ References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program, what am I doing wrong? +my C program; what am I doing wrong? =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? @@ -2679,13 +2523,13 @@ mean? =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 20:37:49 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Data: Numbers -=over +=over 4 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? @@ -2711,7 +2555,7 @@ Trig functions? =item Data: Dates -=over +=over 4 =item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? @@ -2731,7 +2575,7 @@ Trig functions? =item Data: Strings -=over +=over 4 =item How do I validate input? @@ -2783,7 +2627,7 @@ the tag =item Data: Arrays -=over +=over 4 =item What is the difference between a list and an array? @@ -2791,11 +2635,7 @@ the tag =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted: (this assumes all true -values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like -(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any -loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive -integers: +a), b), c), d), e) =item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element? @@ -2828,7 +2668,7 @@ intersection of two arrays? =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) -=over +=over 4 =item How do I process an entire hash? @@ -2867,7 +2707,7 @@ array of hashes or arrays? =item Data: Misc -=over +=over 4 =item How do I handle binary data correctly? @@ -2892,11 +2732,11 @@ array of hashes or arrays? =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? @@ -2939,6 +2779,9 @@ filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this? +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? + =item How do I randomly update a binary file? =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? @@ -2981,11 +2824,11 @@ protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? =head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code? @@ -2999,7 +2842,7 @@ different lines? =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS? =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? @@ -3017,7 +2860,7 @@ file? =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item How do I process each word on each line? =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? @@ -3048,11 +2891,11 @@ file? =head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? @@ -3127,11 +2970,11 @@ is in scope? =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 18:37:57 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? @@ -3175,7 +3018,7 @@ STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? @@ -3219,8 +3062,6 @@ complete? =item How do I fork a daemon process? -=item How do I make my program run with sh and csh? - =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? =item How do I timeout a slow event? @@ -3257,13 +3098,13 @@ search path? =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error) =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? @@ -3304,6 +3145,8 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =item How do I send mail? +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? + =item How do I read mail? =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? @@ -3322,11 +3165,11 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Layout @@ -3336,7 +3179,7 @@ B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref =item Using The Back Ends -=over +=over 4 =item The Cross Referencing Back End @@ -3366,11 +3209,11 @@ B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item PREAMBLE @@ -3400,7 +3243,7 @@ program =back -=item Embedding Perl under Windows +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 =item MORAL @@ -3412,13 +3255,13 @@ program =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Debugger Internals -=over +=over 4 =item Writing Your Own Debugger @@ -3428,7 +3271,7 @@ program =item Debugging regular expressions -=over +=over 4 =item Compile-time output @@ -3445,7 +3288,7 @@ C =item Debugging Perl memory usage -=over +=over 4 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> @@ -3471,13 +3314,13 @@ C, C, C =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item SPECIAL NOTES -=over +=over 4 =item make @@ -3489,7 +3332,7 @@ C, C, C =item TUTORIAL -=over +=over 4 =item EXAMPLE 1 @@ -3551,7 +3394,7 @@ C, C, C =item Author -=over +=over 4 =item Last Changed @@ -3561,11 +3404,11 @@ C, C, C =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Introduction @@ -3585,6 +3428,8 @@ C, C, C =item The OUTPUT: Keyword +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword + =item The CODE: Keyword =item The INIT: Keyword @@ -3601,6 +3446,8 @@ C, C, C =item The INPUT: Keyword +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords + =item Variable-length Parameter Lists =item The C_ARGS: Keyword @@ -3613,6 +3460,8 @@ C, C, C =item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item The POST_CALL: Keyword + =item The BOOT: Keyword =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword @@ -3633,7 +3482,7 @@ C, C, C =item The & Unary Operator -=item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives =item Using XS With C++ @@ -3653,15 +3502,47 @@ C, C, C =back +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Conventions + +C, C

, C, C + +=item File Operations + +=item File Input and Output + +=item File Positioning + +=item Memory Management and String Handling + +=item Character Class Tests + +=item F functions + +=item Miscellaneous functions + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Variables -=over +=over 4 =item Datatypes @@ -3669,6 +3550,8 @@ C, C, C =item Working with SVs +=item Offsets + =item What's Really Stored in an SV? =item Working with AVs @@ -3702,20 +3585,21 @@ C, C, C =item Localizing changes C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C =back =item Subroutines -=over +=over 4 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack @@ -3735,7 +3619,7 @@ C =item Compiled code -=over +=over 4 =item Code tree @@ -3751,18 +3635,56 @@ C =back +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions + =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported -=over +=over 4 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT +=item So what happened to dTHR? + =item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? + =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS =back +=item Internal Functions + +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x + +=over 4 + +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs + +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer + +=item Source Documentation + +=back + +=item Unicode Support + +=over 4 + +=item What B Unicode, anyway? + +=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? + +=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? + +=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? + +=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? + +=item Is there anything else I need to know? + +=back + =item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO @@ -3771,7 +3693,7 @@ C =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -3783,7 +3705,7 @@ call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv =item FLAG VALUES -=over +=over 4 =item G_VOID @@ -3807,7 +3729,7 @@ call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv =item EXAMPLES -=over +=over 4 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned @@ -3857,11 +3779,11 @@ callback =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item DOCUMENTATION @@ -3887,7 +3809,7 @@ L, L, L =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -3919,7 +3841,7 @@ B =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -3928,7 +3850,7 @@ B B, B, B, B -=over +=over 4 =item The Filter @@ -3946,54 +3868,63 @@ B =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -AvFILL, av_clear, av_extend, av_fetch, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, -av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, -call_method, call_pv, call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, dMARK, -dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, -fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, -GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, -gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, -G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, -HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, -hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, -hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, -hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, -isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, +CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, +dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, +get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, +gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, +G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, +HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, +hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, +hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, +hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, +isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, +ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, -newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, -Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, -perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, -PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_modglobal, PL_na, -PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, PUSHi, -PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, -RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, -strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, -SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, -SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvLOCK, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, +newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, +newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, +perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, +POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, +PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, +SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, +strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, +SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, +SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, -SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_nolen, -SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, -SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, -SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, -SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUNLOCK, SvUPGRADE, SvUV, -SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_cmp, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, -sv_len, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, -sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, -sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, -sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, -sv_setuv_mg, sv_unref, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_vcatpvfn, -sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, U8 *s, utf8_to_bytes, warn, XPUSHi, -XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, -XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, -XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, -XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero +SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, +SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, +SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, +SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV, +SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, +SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, +sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, +sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, +sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_getcwd, +sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, +sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, +sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_realpath, sv_reftype, sv_replace, +sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, +sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, +sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, +sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, +sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, +sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, +sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_vcatpvfn, +sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, +utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, +utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, +XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, +XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, +Zero =item AUTHORS @@ -4001,14 +3932,15 @@ XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero =back -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B Perl functions -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -is_gv_magical +djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, +PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, start_glob =item AUTHORS @@ -4016,243 +3948,251 @@ is_gv_magical =back -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B +=over 4 -=over +=item History and Background -=item Co-existence with stdio +=item Layers vs Disciplines -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B +=item Data Structures -=back +1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance +data for a particular handle -=back +=item Functions and Attributes -=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List +=item Per-instance Data -=over +=item Layers in action. -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Per-instance flag bits -=item Infrastructure +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS -=over +=item Methods in Detail -=item Mailing list archives + IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV + (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * +(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t +(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO +*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const +void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t +offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void + (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, +Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * +(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void + (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); -=item Bug tracking system +=item Core Layers -=item Regression Tests +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" -Coverage, Regression, __DIE__, suidperl, The 25% slowdown from perl4 to -perl5 +=item Extension Layers + +":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" =back -=item Configure +=back -=over +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. -=item Install HTML +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Perl Language +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B -=item our ($var) +=over 4 -=item 64-bit Perl +=item Co-existence with stdio -=item Prototypes +B, B, +B, B -Named prototypes, Indirect objects, Method calls, Context, Scoped subs +=item "Fast gets" Functions -=back +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B -=item Perl Internals +=item Other Functions -=over +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) -=item magic_setisa +=back -=item Garbage Collection +=back -=item Reliable signals +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List -Alternate runops() for signal despatch, Figure out how to die() in delayed -sighandler, Add tests for Thread::Signal, Automatic tests against CPAN +=over 4 -=item Interpolated regex performance bugs +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Memory leaks from failed eval/regcomp +=item To do during 5.6.x -=item Make XS easier to use +=over 4 -=item Make embedded Perl easier to use +=item Support for I/O disciplines -=item Namespace cleanup +=item Eliminate need for "use utf8"; -=item MULTIPLICITY +=item Autoload byte.pm -=item MacPerl +=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work -=back +=item Overloadable regex assertions -=item Documentation +=item Unicode collation and normalization -=over +=item Unicode case mappings -=item A clear division into tutorial and reference +=item Unicode regular expression character classes -=item Remove the artificial distinction between operators and functions +=item use Thread for iThreads -=item More tutorials +=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops -Regular expressions, I/O, pack/unpack, Debugging +=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads -=item Include a search tool +=item Typed lexicals for compiler -=item Include a locate tool +=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 -=item Separate function manpages by default +=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler -=item Users can't find the manpages +=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling -=item Install ALL Documentation +=item Cleaning up exported namespace -=item Outstanding issues to be documented +=item Complete signal handling -=item Adapt www.linuxhq.com for Perl +=item Out-of-source builds -=item Replace man with a perl program +=item POSIX realtime support -=item Unicode tutorial +=item UNIX98 support -=back +=item IPv6 Support -=item Modules +=item Long double conversion -=over +=item Locales -=item Update the POSIX extension to conform with the POSIX 1003.1 Edition 2 +=item Thread-safe regexes -=item Module versions +=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals -=item New modules +=item POSIX Unicode character classes -=item Profiler +=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) -=item Tie Modules +=item Security audit shipped utilities -VecArray, SubstrArray, VirtualArray, ShiftSplice +=item Custom opcodes -=item Procedural options +=item spawnvp() on Win32 -=item RPC +=item DLL Versioning -=item y2k localtime/gmtime +=item Introduce @( and @) -=item Export File::Find variables +=item Floating point handling -=item Ioctl +=item IV/UV preservation -=item Debugger attach/detach +=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser -=item Regular Expression debugger +=item Automate module testing on CPAN -=item Alternative RE Syntax +=item sendmsg and recvmsg -=item Bundled modules +=item Rewrite perlre documentation -=item Expect +=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles -=item GUI::Native +=item Document Win32 choices -=item Update semibroken auxiliary tools; h2ph, a2p, etc. +=item Check new modules -=item POD Converters +=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself -=item pod2html +=back -=item Podchecker +=item To do at some point -=back - -=item Tom's Wishes - -=over - -=item Webperl +=over 4 -=item Mobile agents +=item Remove regular expression recursion -=item POSIX on non-POSIX +=item Memory leaks after failed eval -=item Portable installations +=item pack "(stuff)*" -=back +=item bitfields in pack -=item Win32 Stuff +=item Cross compilation -=over +=item Perl preprocessor / macros -=item Rename new headers to be consistent with the rest +=item Perl lexer in Perl -=item Sort out the spawnvp() mess +=item Using POSIX calls internally -=item Work out DLL versioning +=item -i rename file when changed -=item Style-check +=item All ARGV input should act like EE -=back +=item Support for rerunning debugger -=item Would be nice to have +=item my sub foo { } -C, Contiguous bitfields in pack/unpack, lexperl, Bundled -perl preprocessor, Use posix calls internally where possible, format -BOTTOM, -i rename file only when successfully changed, All ARGV input -should act like <>, report HANDLE [formats], support in perlmain to rerun -debugger, lvalue functions +=item One-pass global destruction -=item Possible pragmas +=item Rewrite regexp parser -=over +=item Cache recently used regexps -=item 'less' +=item Re-entrant functions -=back +=item Cross-compilation support -=item Optimizations +=item Bit-shifting bitvectors -=over +=item debugger pragma -=item constant function cache +=item use less pragma -=item foreach(reverse...) +=item switch structures =item Cache eval tree @@ -4260,536 +4200,647 @@ debugger, lvalue functions =item Shrink opcode tables -=item Cache hash value +=item Optimize away @_ -=item Optimize away @_ where possible +=item Prototypes versus indirect objects -=item Optimize sort by { $a <=> $b } +=item Install HMTL -=item Rewrite regexp parser for better integrated optimization +=item Prototype method calls -=back +=item Return context prototype declarations -=item Vague possibilities +=item magic_setisa -ref function in list context, make tr/// return histogram in list context?, -Loop control on do{} et al, Explicit switch statements, compile to real -threaded code, structured types, Modifiable $1 et al +=item Garbage collection -=item To Do Or Not To Do +=item IO tutorial -=over +=item pack/unpack tutorial -=item Making my() work on "package" variables +=item Rewrite perldoc -=item "or" testing defined not truth +=item Install .3p manpages -=item "dynamic" lexicals +=item Unicode tutorial -=item "class"-based, rather than package-based "lexicals" +=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 -=back +=item Retargetable installation -=item Threading +=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems -=over +=item Rename Win32 headers -=item Modules +=item Finish off lvalue functions -=item Testing +=item Update sprintf documentation -=item $AUTOLOAD +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally -=item exit/die +=back -=item External threads +=item Vague ideas -=item Thread::Pool +=over 4 -=item thread-safety +=item ref() in list context -=item Per-thread GVs +=item Make tr/// return histogram -=back +=item Compile to real threaded code -=item Compiler +=item Structured types -=over +=item Modifiable $1 et al. -=item Optimization +=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. -=item Byteperl +=item RPC modules -=item Precompiled modules +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program -=item Executables +=item Alternative RE syntax module -=item Typed lexicals +=item GUI::Native -=item Win32 +=item foreach(reverse ...) -=item END blocks +=item Constant function cache -=item _AUTOLOAD +=item Approximate regular expression matching -=item comppadlist +=back -=item Cached compilation +=item Ongoing -=back +=over 4 -=item Recently Finished Tasks +=item Update guts documentation -=over +=item Add more tests -=item Figure a way out of $^(capital letter) +=item Update auxiliary tools + +=back -=item Filenames +=item Recently done things -=item Foreign lines +=over 4 -=item Namespace cleanup +=item Safe signal handling -=item ISA.pm +=item Tie Modules =item gettimeofday -=item autocroak? +=item setitimer and getimiter -=back +=item Testing __DIE__ hook -=back +=item CPP equivalent in Perl -=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals +=item Explicit switch statements -=over +=item autocroak -=item DESCRIPTION +=item UTF/EBCDIC -Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the -implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is -the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does -it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is -the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough -documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much -work?, Patches speak louder than words +=item UTF Regexes -=item AUTHOR +=item perlcc to produce executable -=back +=item END blocks saved in compiled output -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=item Secure temporary file module -=over +=item Integrate Time::HiRes -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Turn Cwd into XS -=item INTRODUCTION +=item Mmap for input -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion -=over +=item Add sockatmark support -=item PUMPKIN? +=item Mailing list archives -=back +=item Bug tracking -=item THE RECORDS +=item Integrate MacPerl -=over +=item Web "nerve center" for Perl -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +=item Regular expression tutorial -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +=item Debugging Tutorial -=back +=item Integrate new modules -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +=item Integrate profiler -=back +=item Y2K error detection -=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 +=item Regular expression debugger -=over +=item POD checker -=item DESCRIPTION +=item "Dynamic" lexicals -=item Core Enhancements +=item Cache precompiled modules -=over +=back -=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency +=item Deprecated Wishes -=item Lexically scoped warning categories +=over 4 -=item Unicode and UTF-8 support +=item Loop control on do{} -=item Support for interpolating named characters +=item Lexically scoped typeglobs -=item "our" declarations +=item format BOTTOM -=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals +=item report HANDLE -=item Improved Perl version numbering system +=item Generalised want()/caller()) -=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes +=item Named prototypes -=item File and directory handles can be autovivified +=item Built-in globbing -=item open() with more than two arguments +=item Regression tests for suidperl -=item 64-bit support +=item Cached hash values -=item Large file support +=item Add compression modules -=item Long doubles +=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references -=item "more bits" +=item Remove distinction between functions and operators -=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines +=item Make XS easier to use -=item C allowed +=item Make embedding easier to use -=item File globbing implemented internally +=item man for perl -Support for CHECK blocks +=item my $Package::variable -=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported +=item "or" tests defined, not truth -Better pseudo-random number generator +=item "class"-based lexicals -=item Improved C operator +=item byteperl -Better worst-case behavior of hashes +=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal -=item pack() format 'Z' supported +=back -=item pack() format modifier '!' supported +=back -=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings +=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals -=item Comments in pack() templates +=over 4 -=item Weak references +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Binary numbers supported +Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the +implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is +the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does +it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is +the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough +documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much +work?, Patches speak louder than words -=item Lvalue subroutines +=over 4 -=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references +=item Keeping in sync -=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues +rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the +NFS, rsync'ing the patches, It's easier, It's more recent, It's more +reliable, It's easier, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, +Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour -=item exists() is supported on subroutine names +=item Submitting patches -=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements +L, L and L, L, +F, The perl5-porters FAQ -=item Pseudo-hashes work better +=item Finding Your Way Around -=item Automatic flushing of output buffers +Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter -=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations +=item Elements of the interpreter -=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running -=item eof() has the same old magic as <> +=item Internal Variable Types -=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes +=item Op Trees -=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" +=item Stacks -=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure +Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack -=item Improved diagnostics +=item Millions of Macros -=item Diagnostics follow STDERR +=item Poking at Perl -More consistent close-on-exec behavior +=item Using a source-level debugger -=item syswrite() ease-of-use +run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, +finish, 'enter', print -=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators +=item Dumping Perl Data Structures -=item Bit operators support full native integer width +=item Patching -=item Improved security features +=back -More functional bareword prototype (*) +=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL -=item C and C may be overridden +=over 4 -=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character +=item Rational Software's Purify -=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch +=item Purify on Unix -=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string +-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity -=item Optional Y2K warnings +=item Purify on NT -=back +DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree -=over +=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL -=item Modules +=item Gprof Profiling -attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, -DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, -File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, -podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, -pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, -Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters +-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z -=item Pragmata +=item Pixie Profiling -=back +-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, +-z[ero] -=item Utility Changes +=item CONCLUSION -=over +I -=item dprofpp +=back -=item find2perl +=item AUTHOR -=item h2xs +=back -=item perlcc +=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records -=item perldoc +=over 4 -=item The Perl Debugger +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item INTRODUCTION -=item Improved Documentation +=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN -perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, -perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, -perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, -perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod +=over 4 -=item Performance enhancements +=item PUMPKIN? -=over +=back -=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized +=item THE RECORDS -=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables +=over 4 -=item Faster subroutine calls +=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES -delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster +=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES =back -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS -=over +=back -=item -Dusethreads means something different +=head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0 -=item New Configure flags +=over 4 -=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Long Doubles +=item Reporting Bugs -=item -Dusemorebits +=item SEE ALSO -=item -Duselargefiles +=item HISTORY -=item installusrbinperl +=back -=item SOCKS support +=head2 perl572delta, perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2 -=item C<-A> flag +=over 4 -=item Enhanced Installation Directories +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item Security Vulnerability Closed -=item Platform specific changes +=item Incompatible Changes -=over +=item Future Deprecations -=item Supported platforms +=item Core Enhancements -=item DOS +=item Modules and Pragmata -=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) +=over 4 -=item VMS +=item New Modules -=item Win32 +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata =back -=item Significant bug fixes - -=over +=item Performance Enhancements -=item on empty files +=item Utility Changes -=item C improvements +=item New Documentation -=item All compilation errors are true errors +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements -=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer +=over 4 -=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent +=item New Or Improved Platforms -=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> +=item Generic Improvements -=item C and AUTOLOAD +=back -=item C<-bareword> allowed under C +=item Selected Bug Fixes -=item Failures in DESTROY() +=over 4 -=item Locale bugs fixed +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes -=item Memory leaks +=back -=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls +=item New or Changed Diagnostics -=item Taint failures under C<-U> +=item Changed Internals -=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch +=over 4 -=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles +=item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up =back -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item New Tests -(perhaps you forgot to load "%s"?), "%s" variable %s masks earlier -declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented, "our" variable %s -redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must -be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow -a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: -Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should -probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s -argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY -element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package -attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> -should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, -Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > -0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 -non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem -of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't -declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't -modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove -%s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken -a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] -belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, -constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, -defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean -"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective -%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for -output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires -explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, -Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: -|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal -number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: -%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid -separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in -subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs -returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing -%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", -No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", -No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time -is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, -panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing -around "%s" list, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use -"sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count -in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed -memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, -Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not -implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl -can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown -open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, -Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter -in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute -parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute -list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant -number +=item Known Problems -=item New tests +=over 4 -=item Incompatible Changes +=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl -=over +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' -=item Perl Source Incompatibilities +=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX -CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX -=item Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different +=item lib/b test 19 -Literals of the form C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed -pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, -C fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe -and socket handles, Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, -delete(), values() and C<\(%h)> operate on aliases to values, not copies, -vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic -output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves -like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype C<(*)> have changed +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 -=item Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms +=item sigaction test 13 in VMS -=item More builtins taint their results +=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 -=item C Source Incompatibilities +=item Failure of Thread tests -C, C, C +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory -=item Compatible C Source API Changes +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden -C is now C +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles -=item Binary Incompatibilities +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental =back -=item Known Problems +=item Reporting Bugs -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item Thread test failures +=item HISTORY -=item EBCDIC platforms not supported +=back -=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang +=head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1 -=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure +=over 4 -=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with -gcc +=item DESCRIPTION -=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run +=item Security Vulnerability Closed -=item Arrow operator and arrays +=item Incompatible Changes -=item Windows 2000 +=item Core Enhancements -=item Experimental features +=over 4 -Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The -pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file -globbing, The DB module, The regular expression constructs C<(?{ code })> -and C<(??{ code })> +=item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable + +=item PerlIO is Now The Default + +=item Signals Are Now Safe =back -=item Obsolete Diagnostics +=item Modules and Pragmata -Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed -logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Probable precedence problem on %s, -regexp too big, Use of "$$" to mean "${$}" is deprecated +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata + +=back + +=item Performance Enhancements + +=item Utility Changes + +=item New Documentation + +=over 4 + +=item perlclib + +=item perliol + +=item README.aix + +=item README.bs2000 + +=item README.macos + +=item README.mpeix + +=item README.solaris + +=item README.vos + +=item Porting/repository.pod + +=back + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item New Or Improved Platforms + +=item Generic Improvements + +d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, +need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, +d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep + +=back + +=item Selected Bug Fixes + +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +=item Changed Internals + +=item New Tests + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl + +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item lib/b test 19 + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item sigaction test 13 in VMS + +=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 + +=item Failure of Thread tests + +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory + +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=back + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Security Vulnerability Closed + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=item Core Enhancements + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=item New Documentation + +=item Performance Enhancements + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item Generic Improvements + +=back + +=item Selected Bug Fixes + +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +=item Changed Internals + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect + +=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item Storable tests fail in some platforms + +=item Threads Are Still Experimental + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=back =item Reporting Bugs @@ -4801,13 +4852,13 @@ regexp too big, Use of "$$" to mean "${$}" is deprecated =head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =item Core Enhancements -=over +=over 4 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency @@ -4923,7 +4974,7 @@ regexp too big, Use of "$$" to mean "${$}" is deprecated =item Modules and Pragmata -=over +=over 4 =item Modules @@ -4942,7 +4993,7 @@ Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters =item Utility Changes -=over +=over 4 =item dprofpp @@ -4967,7 +5018,7 @@ perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod =item Performance enhancements -=over +=over 4 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized @@ -4981,7 +5032,7 @@ perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod =item Installation and Configuration Improvements -=over +=over 4 =item -Dusethreads means something different @@ -5007,7 +5058,7 @@ perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod =item Platform specific changes -=over +=over 4 =item Supported platforms @@ -5023,7 +5074,7 @@ perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod =item Significant bug fixes -=over +=over 4 =item on empty files @@ -5114,7 +5165,7 @@ CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number =item Incompatible Changes -=over +=over 4 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities @@ -5123,13 +5174,12 @@ Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, -Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), values() and -C<\(%h)> operate on aliases to values, not copies, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) -enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, -C<%@> has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, -Semantics of bareword prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit -operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their -results +Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(), +values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, +Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, +Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword +prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed +on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results =item C Source Incompatibilities @@ -5145,7 +5195,7 @@ C is now C =item Known Problems -=over +=over 4 =item Thread test failures @@ -5166,8 +5216,7 @@ gcc Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file -globbing, The DB module, The regular expression constructs C<(?{ code })> -and C<(??{ code })> +globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs: =back @@ -5188,7 +5237,7 @@ to mean "${$}" is deprecated =head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -5196,7 +5245,7 @@ to mean "${$}" is deprecated =item Incompatible Changes -=over +=over 4 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004. @@ -5206,10 +5255,6 @@ to mean "${$}" is deprecated =item C Source Compatibility -Core sources now require ANSI C compiler, All Perl global variables must -now be referenced with an explicit prefix, Enabling threads has source -compatibility issues - =item Binary Compatibility =item Security fixes may affect compatibility @@ -5222,7 +5267,7 @@ compatibility issues =item Core Changes -=over +=over 4 =item Threads @@ -5302,7 +5347,7 @@ improvements, Incompatible changes =item Supported Platforms -=over +=over 4 =item New Platforms @@ -5312,7 +5357,7 @@ improvements, Incompatible changes =item Modules and Pragmata -=over +=over 4 =item New Modules @@ -5323,7 +5368,7 @@ Thread, attrs, fields, re =item Changes in existing modules Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, -MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd, Benchmark +MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd =back @@ -5347,9 +5392,9 @@ Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance -detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s', Reference found -where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use -of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed +detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized +list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word +"%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed =item Obsolete Diagnostics @@ -5368,7 +5413,7 @@ temporary file, regexp too big =head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004 -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -5376,11 +5421,11 @@ temporary file, regexp too big =item Core Changes -=over +=over 4 =item List assignment to %ENV works -=item "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error now lists @INC +=item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003 @@ -5460,7 +5505,7 @@ LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this =item Support for More Operating Systems -=over +=over 4 =item Win32 @@ -5479,7 +5524,7 @@ constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish =item Modules -=over +=over 4 =item Required Updates @@ -5505,7 +5550,7 @@ constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish =item Utility Changes -=over +=over 4 =item pod2html @@ -5546,14 +5591,14 @@ possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found -while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Too late for -"B<-T>" option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, -Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$" to -mean "${$}" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with -defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay -shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in -prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, -PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s +while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>" +option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized +character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$" to mean +"${$}" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), +Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, +Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, +Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too +long, Process terminated by SIG%s =item BUGS @@ -5563,19 +5608,55 @@ PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s =back -=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS (possibly very outdated information) +=head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX + +=item OS level + +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX + +=item The IBM ANSI C Compiler + +=item Using GNU's gcc for building perl + +=item Using Large Files with Perl + +=item Threaded Perl + +=item 64-bit Perl + +=item GDBM and Threads + +=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =back -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Prerequisites @@ -5596,7 +5677,7 @@ finally close()d =item Accessing documentation -=over +=over 4 =item Manpages @@ -5610,9 +5691,9 @@ finally close()d =item BUILD -=over +=over 4 -=item Prerequisites +=item Build Prerequisites =item Getting the perl source @@ -5624,21 +5705,65 @@ finally close()d =back -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item gzip + +=item bison + +=item Unpacking + +=item Compiling + +=item Testing + +=item Install + +=item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell + +=item Using Perl in "native" BS2000 + +=item Floating point anomalies + +=back + +=item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list + +=back + +=item HISTORY + =back =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item PREREQUISITES -=over +=over 4 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it) @@ -5650,7 +5775,7 @@ C, I, Permissions =item CONFIGURE -=over +=over 4 =item Strip Binaries @@ -5666,14 +5791,13 @@ C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles> =item Suspicious Warnings -Whoa There, I, Win9x and C, Checking how std your stdio -is.., Compiler/Preprocessor defines +I, Win9x and C, Compiler/Preprocessor defines =back =item MAKE -=over +=over 4 =item Warnings @@ -5683,7 +5807,7 @@ is.., Compiler/Preprocessor defines =item TEST -=over +=over 4 =item File Permissions @@ -5716,27 +5840,29 @@ Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts =back -=head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95. +=head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item Prerequisites +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUILD -DJGPP, Pthreads +=over 4 -=item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS +=item Non-threaded Case -=item Building +=item Threaded Case =item Testing -=item Installation +=item Installing the built perl =back @@ -5746,14 +5872,54 @@ DJGPP, Pthreads =back +=head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item INTRODUCTION + +=item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC + +=item STARTING PERL ON EPOC + +=item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC + +=item USING PERL ON EPOC + +=over 4 + +=item I/O Redirection + +=item PATH Names + +=item Editors + +=item Features + +=item Restrictions + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment + +=back + +=item SUPPORT STATUS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST UPDATE + +=back + =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX @@ -5767,6 +5933,8 @@ DJGPP, Pthreads =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions +=item Itanium Processor Family + =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX =item The HP ANSI C Compiler @@ -5781,6 +5949,10 @@ DJGPP, Pthreads =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) +=item perl -P and // + +=item Kernel parameters (maxdsiz) + =back =item AUTHOR @@ -5792,11 +5964,11 @@ DJGPP, Pthreads =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen systems -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen @@ -5814,59 +5986,116 @@ op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t =back -=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT. +=head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + =back -=over +=head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE -=item Target +=over 4 -=item Other OSes +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Prerequisites +=item NOTE -EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh +=item What's New -=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...) +=item Welcome -=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl +=item System Requirements -=back +=item How to Obtain Perl/iX -=over +=item Distribution Contents Highlights -=item Frequently asked questions +README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, +public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe -=over +=item How to Compile Perl/iX -=item I cannot run external programs + 4, 6 -=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F from my -program. +=item Getting Started with Perl/iX -Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use -L? +=item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations -=item C<``> and pipe-C do not work under DOS. +=item Known Bugs Under Investigation -=item Cannot start C +=item To-Do List + +=item Change History + +=item Author =back -=item INSTALLATION +=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT. -=over +=over 4 -=item Automatic binary installation +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, F +=back -=item Manual binary installation +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Target + +=item Other OSes + +=item Prerequisites + +EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh + +=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...) + +=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl + +=back + +=item Frequently asked questions + +=over 4 + +=item "It does not work" + +=item I cannot run external programs + +=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F from my +program. + +Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use +L? + +=item C<``> and pipe-C do not work under DOS. + +=item Cannot start C + +=back + +=item INSTALLATION + +=over 4 + +=item Automatic binary installation + +C, C, F + +=item Manual binary installation Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, @@ -5880,7 +6109,7 @@ Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh =item Accessing documentation -=over +=over 4 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file @@ -5900,7 +6129,9 @@ Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh =item BUILD -=over +=over 4 + +=item The short story =item Prerequisites @@ -5915,7 +6146,7 @@ Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh =item Testing A lot of C, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F, -F, F, F, F +F =item Installing the built perl @@ -5925,7 +6156,7 @@ F, F, F, F =item Build FAQ -=over +=over 4 =item Some C became C<\> in pdksh. @@ -5939,11 +6170,13 @@ F, F, F, F =item Segfault in make +=item op/sprintf test failure + =back =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port -=over +=over 4 =item C, C @@ -5960,19 +6193,35 @@ C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +C, +C, C, +OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C, +C, C, +C, C, +OS2::get_control87(), C + +=item Prebuilt variables: + +$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver =item Misfeatures =item Modifications -C, C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item Identifying DLLs + +=item Centralized management of resources + +C, C =back =item Perl flavors -=over +=over 4 =item F @@ -5988,13 +6237,11 @@ C, C, C, C, C, C =item Why chimera build? -explicit fork(), open FH, "|-", open FH, "-|" - =back =item ENVIRONMENT -=over +=over 4 =item C @@ -6012,7 +6259,7 @@ explicit fork(), open FH, "|-", open FH, "-|" =item Evolution -=over +=over 4 =item Priorities @@ -6032,7 +6279,7 @@ C, F =back -=over +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -6042,13 +6289,13 @@ C, F =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Unpacking @@ -6058,9 +6305,17 @@ C, F =item Build, test, install +=item build anomalies + +=item testing anomalies + +=item installation anomalies + =item Usage Hints -=item Extensions +=item Floating point anomalies + +=item Modules and Extensions =back @@ -6068,7 +6323,7 @@ C, F =item SEE ALSO -=over +=over 4 =item Mailing list @@ -6078,9 +6333,154 @@ C, F =back +=head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Solaris Version Numbers. + +=back + +=item RESOURCES + +Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation + +=item SETTING UP + +=over 4 + +=item File Extraction Problems. + +=item Compiler and Related Tools. + +=item Environment + +=back + +=item RUN CONFIGURE. + +=over 4 + +=item 64-bit Issues. + +=item Threads. + +=item Malloc Issues. + +=back + +=item MAKE PROBLEMS. + +Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: +relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No +DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found + +=item MAKE TEST + +=over 4 + +=item op/stat.t test 4 + +=back + +=item PREBUILT BINARIES. + +=item RUNTIME ISSUES. + +=over 4 + +=item Limits on Numbers of Open Files. + +=back + +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES. + +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES. + +=over 4 + +=item Proc::ProcessTable + +=item BSD::Resource + +=item Net::SSLeay + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST MODIFIED + +=back + +=head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as +Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64 + +=item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64 + +=item Threaded Perl on Tru64 + +=item 64-bit Perl on Tru64 + +=item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64 + +=back + +=item Testing Perl on Tru64 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Unpacking + +=item Setup and utilities + +=item Configure + +=item testing anomalies + +=item Usage Hints + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list + +=back + +=back + =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION @@ -6088,7 +6488,7 @@ C, F =item Organization of Perl Images -=over +=over 4 =item Core Images @@ -6102,7 +6502,7 @@ C, F =item File specifications -=over +=over 4 =item Syntax @@ -6116,7 +6516,7 @@ C, F =item Command line -=over +=over 4 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding @@ -6139,7 +6539,7 @@ LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences -=over +=over 4 =item SDBM_File @@ -6151,41 +6551,43 @@ LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS =back -=head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32 +=head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=over +=item Stratus POSIX Support -=item Setting Up +=back -Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC +=item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS -=item Building +=over 4 -=item Testing +=item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS -=item Installation +=item Installing Perl 5 on VOS -=item Usage Hints +=back -Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, -Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific -Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things +=item USING PERL IN VOS -=back +=over 4 -=item BUGS AND CAVEATS +=item Unimplemented Features -=item AUTHORS +=item Restrictions -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item HISTORY +=item SUPPORT STATUS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST UPDATE =back @@ -6193,7 +6595,7 @@ Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6205,7 +6607,7 @@ method, locked =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6215,13 +6617,13 @@ method, locked =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Built-in Attributes @@ -6241,7 +6643,7 @@ FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES =item EXPORTS -=over +=over 4 =item Default exports @@ -6259,7 +6661,7 @@ FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6271,7 +6673,7 @@ method, locked =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6287,7 +6689,7 @@ method, locked =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6301,7 +6703,7 @@ method, locked =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6316,7 +6718,7 @@ method, locked =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6329,7 +6731,7 @@ semantics =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escape. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6343,7 +6745,7 @@ escape. =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6364,13 +6766,13 @@ escape. =head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning diagnostics -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item The C Pragma @@ -6390,7 +6792,7 @@ diagnostics =head2 fields - compile-time class fields -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6404,13 +6806,13 @@ new, phash =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item subpragma access @@ -6418,10 +6820,10 @@ new, phash =back -=head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of -double +=head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating +point -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6431,7 +6833,7 @@ double =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6441,13 +6843,13 @@ double =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Adding directories to @INC @@ -6466,7 +6868,7 @@ double =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6476,13 +6878,15 @@ operations =head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item UNIMPLEMENTED FUNCTIONALITY +=item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY + +=item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS =item SEE ALSO @@ -6490,7 +6894,7 @@ operations =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6502,13 +6906,13 @@ operations =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Declaration of overloaded functions @@ -6537,11 +6941,11 @@ is inherited by derived classes =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C -=over +=over 4 =item Last Resort -=item Fallback +=item Fallback C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE @@ -6576,7 +6980,7 @@ integer, float, binary, q, qr =item Cookbook -=over +=over 4 =item Two-face scalars @@ -6592,13 +6996,16 @@ integer, float, binary, q, qr =item DIAGNOSTICS +Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable +type, `%s' is not a code reference + =item BUGS =back =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6608,7 +7015,7 @@ integer, float, binary, q, qr =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6616,7 +7023,7 @@ integer, float, binary, q, qr =item OPTIONS -=over +=over 4 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS @@ -6638,7 +7045,7 @@ B, B, I, I =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6650,29 +7057,52 @@ C, C, C =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 unicode::distinct - Perl pragma to strictly distinguish UTF8 data +and non-UTF data. + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code +=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source +code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Utility functions + +$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]), +utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string) + +=back + =item SEE ALSO =back =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6682,14 +7112,17 @@ C, C, C =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -use warnings::register, warnings::enabled([$category]), -warnings::warn([$category,] $message) +use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), +warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), +warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), +warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), +warnings::warnif($object, $message) =back @@ -6699,13 +7132,13 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item DBM Comparisons @@ -6717,15 +7150,55 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) =back +=head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers + +=over 4 + +=item VERSION + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +[0], [1], [2], [3], [4] + +=over 4 + +=item Typed lexicals + +=item Type-specific attribute handlers + +=item Non-interpretive attribute handlers + +=item Attributes as C interfaces + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +C, C, C, C + +=item AUTHOR + +=item BUGS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Subroutine Stubs @@ -6735,6 +7208,8 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) =item Package Lexicals +=item Not Using AutoLoader + =item B vs. B =back @@ -6747,7 +7222,7 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6755,7 +7230,7 @@ warnings::warn([$category,] $message) $keep, $check, $modtime -=over +=over 4 =item Multiple packages @@ -6767,7 +7242,7 @@ $keep, $check, $modtime =head2 B - The Perl Compiler -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6775,7 +7250,7 @@ $keep, $check, $modtime =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES -=over +=over 4 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES @@ -6785,7 +7260,7 @@ REFCNT, FLAGS =item B::IV METHODS -IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv +IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv =item B::NV METHODS @@ -6797,7 +7272,7 @@ RV =item B::PV METHODS -PV +PV, PVX =item B::PVMG METHODS @@ -6817,8 +7292,8 @@ USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE =item B::GV METHODS -is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, -FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, +LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS =item B::IO METHODS @@ -6832,7 +7307,7 @@ FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS =item B::CV METHODS STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS +CvFLAGS, const_sv =item B::HV METHODS @@ -6890,8 +7365,9 @@ label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), -hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names +walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), +ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), +threadsv_names =item AUTHOR @@ -6900,7 +7376,7 @@ hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate bytecode -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6912,7 +7388,7 @@ bytecode =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6924,7 +7400,7 @@ bytecode =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6936,7 +7412,7 @@ bytecode =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6946,8 +7422,7 @@ bytecode B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-Ppackage> Stores package in the -output. =back +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> =item EXAMPLES @@ -6959,7 +7434,7 @@ output. =back =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6980,7 +7455,7 @@ B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -6998,7 +7473,7 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =item DIFFERENCES -=over +=over 4 =item Loops @@ -7014,9 +7489,50 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =back +=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, +B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, +B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> + +=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS + +B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, +B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, +B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, +B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, +B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, +B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, +B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, +B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> + +=item ABBREVIATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item OP flags abbreviations + +=item OP class abbreviations + +=back + +=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7028,7 +7544,7 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7036,12 +7552,12 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =item OPTIONS -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, -B, BIB<.> +B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, +B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE -=over +=over 4 =item Synopsis @@ -7049,6 +7565,10 @@ B, BIB<.> =item new +=item ambient_pragmas + +strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits + =item coderef2text =back @@ -7061,7 +7581,7 @@ B, BIB<.> =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7073,7 +7593,7 @@ B, BIB<.> =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7096,7 +7616,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7112,7 +7632,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7124,7 +7644,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7138,7 +7658,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7150,7 +7670,7 @@ B<-u Package> =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7168,7 +7688,7 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7180,13 +7700,13 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Methods @@ -7224,7 +7744,7 @@ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7238,7 +7758,7 @@ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7248,8 +7768,7 @@ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-Ppackage> Stores package in the -output. =back +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> =item EXAMPLES @@ -7261,7 +7780,7 @@ output. =back =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7269,16 +7788,12 @@ output. =back =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES -1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. For example, --value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values, -3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values' - =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE @@ -7314,8 +7829,9 @@ B<:standard>, B<:all> =item PRAGMAS --any, -compile, -nosticky, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, --no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles +-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, +-newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, +-private_tempfiles =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS @@ -7327,7 +7843,7 @@ a tag) =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS -=over +=over 4 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: @@ -7344,7 +7860,7 @@ B, 4, 5, 6.. =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>) +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS @@ -7352,7 +7868,7 @@ B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: -=over +=over 4 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS @@ -7373,7 +7889,7 @@ charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: -=over +=over 4 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG @@ -7425,8 +7941,7 @@ B =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON -B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment -type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE +B =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON @@ -7447,7 +7962,7 @@ the

tag =item DEBUGGING -=over +=over 4 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS @@ -7456,20 +7971,19 @@ the tag =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES B, B, B, B, -B, B, B Return the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B, -B, B +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, B =item USING NPH SCRIPTS In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters in the B and B statements: +parameters =item Server Push -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end() +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks @@ -7505,7 +8019,7 @@ MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7524,7 +8038,7 @@ MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), =head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7534,12 +8048,14 @@ other) error log =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW -=over +=over 4 =item Changing the default message =back +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS + =item CHANGE LOG =item AUTHORS @@ -7550,7 +8066,7 @@ other) error log =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7560,7 +8076,7 @@ other) error log B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> -=over +=over 4 =item Creating New Cookies @@ -7584,7 +8100,7 @@ B, B, B, B, B =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7610,13 +8126,13 @@ B, B, B, B, B =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Tags that won't be formatted @@ -7634,7 +8150,7 @@ B, B, B, B, B =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7642,9 +8158,9 @@ B, B, B, B, B =item USING CGI::Push --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph -=over +=over 4 =item Heterogeneous Pages @@ -7664,7 +8180,7 @@ B, B, B, B, B =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7680,23 +8196,35 @@ B, B, B, B, B =back -=head2 CGI::Util - various utilities +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Interactive Mode Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, Signals +distribution, ls author, Signals =item CPAN::Shell @@ -7706,11 +8234,38 @@ distribution, Signals =item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution -=item ProgrammerE<39>s interface - -expand($type,@things), Programming Examples - -=item Methods in the four Classes +=item Programmer's interface + +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples + +=item Methods in the other Classes + +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() =item Cache Manager @@ -7733,7 +8288,7 @@ EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE [unshift|push|splice] ElistE> -=over +=over 4 =item Note on urllist parameter's format @@ -7749,19 +8304,33 @@ optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Three basic types of firewalls + +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade + +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall + +=back + +=item FAQ + +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) + +=item BUGS =item AUTHOR +=item TRANSLATIONS + =item SEE ALSO =back =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7772,7 +8341,7 @@ http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7784,13 +8353,13 @@ module =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Forcing a Stack Trace @@ -7800,28 +8369,44 @@ module =back -=head2 Carp::Heavy - Carp guts +=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside -=over +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree -=item SYNOPIS +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item FUNCTIONS + +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) + +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHOR + =back =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item The C function +=item Class Creation at Compile Time + =item Element Types and Accessor Methods Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or @@ -7841,7 +8426,7 @@ Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -7855,7 +8440,7 @@ myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) =item GLOSSARY -=over +=over 4 =item _ @@ -7863,9 +8448,10 @@ C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> =item a -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C =item b @@ -7875,82 +8461,89 @@ C, C =item c C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C - -=item C - -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C =item d -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C =item e @@ -7964,38 +8557,39 @@ C, C, C, C, C, C =item g -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C =item h -C, C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C =item i C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C =item k @@ -8003,12 +8597,12 @@ C, C =item l -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C =item m @@ -8018,15 +8612,15 @@ C, C =item M -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C =item n -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C =item o @@ -8036,14 +8630,14 @@ C, C, C, C =item p C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +C, C =item P C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C =item q @@ -8059,14 +8653,14 @@ C, C, C, C C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C @@ -8086,18 +8680,22 @@ C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +C, C =item v C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +C, C, C, C, C =item x C, C +=item y + +C, C + =item z C, C @@ -8108,9 +8706,9 @@ C, C =back -=head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8122,13 +8720,13 @@ C, C subject to change) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Global Variables @@ -8157,7 +8755,7 @@ CLIENT->output(LIST) =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8165,7 +8763,7 @@ CLIENT->output(LIST) B, B, B -=over +=over 4 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 @@ -8181,7 +8779,7 @@ B, B, B =item DB_HASH -=over +=over 4 =item A Simple Example @@ -8189,7 +8787,7 @@ B, B, B =item DB_BTREE -=over +=over 4 =item Changing the BTREE sort order @@ -8207,7 +8805,7 @@ B, B, B =item DB_RECNO -=over +=over 4 =item The 'bval' Option @@ -8216,7 +8814,8 @@ B, B, B =item Extra RECNO Methods B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength> +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> =item Another Example @@ -8234,7 +8833,7 @@ $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> B, B, B, B -=over +=over 4 =item The Filter @@ -8246,7 +8845,7 @@ B =item HINTS AND TIPS -=over +=over 4 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd @@ -8262,7 +8861,7 @@ B, B, B =item COMMON QUESTIONS -=over +=over 4 =item Why is there Perl source in my database? @@ -8293,13 +8892,13 @@ B, B, B =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and C -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Methods @@ -8347,7 +8946,7 @@ Dumper =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8367,15 +8966,21 @@ Dumper =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Memory footprint debugging + +=back + =item EXAMPLES -=over +=over 4 =item A simple scalar string @@ -8409,17 +9014,66 @@ Dumper =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +I, I, I + +=item OO INTERFACE + +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), +$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item FUNCTIONS + +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) + +=item METHODS + +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHORS + =back =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8429,13 +9083,13 @@ Dumper =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Creation @@ -8455,7 +9109,7 @@ veryCompact, set, get =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8474,7 +9128,7 @@ bootstrap() =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8484,10 +9138,131 @@ Perl code =back +=head2 Encode - character encodings + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item TERMINOLOGY + +=back + +=item ENCODINGS + +=over 4 + +=item Characteristics of an Encoding + +=item Types of Encodings + +Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, +Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings + +=item Specifying Encodings + +1. By name, 2. As an object + +=item Encoding Names + +The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry, +The name used by the the organization that defined it + +=back + +=item PERL ENCODING API + +=over 4 + +=item Generic Encoding Interface + +=item Handling Malformed Data + +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes + +=item UTF-8 / utf8 + +=item Other Encodings of Unicode + +=item Listing available encodings + +=item Defining Aliases + +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: + +=item Defining Encodings + +=back + +=item Encoding and IO + +=item Encoding How to ... + +IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 +strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules + +=item Messing with Perl's Internals + +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) + +=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES + +-Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), +-Edecode($octets,$check) + +=over 4 + +=item Compiled Encodings + +.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other +variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables +of the Encode extension + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B + +=item KEYWORDS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings + +=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B + +=item KEYWORDS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8500,7 +9275,7 @@ variables =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8514,7 +9289,7 @@ arrays =head2 Errno - System errno constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8530,13 +9305,13 @@ arrays =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item How to Export @@ -8544,8 +9319,6 @@ arrays =item Specialised Import Lists -=item Constants can be inlined - =item Exporting without using Export's import method =item Module Version Checking @@ -8560,7 +9333,7 @@ arrays =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPIS @@ -8571,7 +9344,7 @@ arrays =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8599,7 +9372,7 @@ mkpath directory.. test_f file -=over +=over 4 =item BUGS @@ -8609,9 +9382,52 @@ test_f file =back +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USAGE + +IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN + +=item FUNCTIONS + +=back + +C_stringify NAME + +constant_types + +memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT + +assign INDENT, TYPE, VALUE.. + +return_clause VALUE, TYPE, INDENT, MACRO, DEFAULT + +params WHAT + +dump_names PACKAGE, SUBNAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, ITEM.. + +C_constant PACKAGE, SUBNAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEM.., +name, type, value, macro, default + +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME + +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8634,7 +9450,7 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8644,7 +9460,7 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8665,7 +9481,7 @@ packlist(), version() =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8673,7 +9489,7 @@ packlist(), version() For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions -=over +=over 4 =item EXTRALIBS @@ -8685,7 +9501,7 @@ For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions =item PORTABILITY -=over +=over 4 =item VMS implementation @@ -8700,7 +9516,7 @@ For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8713,17 +9529,21 @@ canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item METHODS + =back +perl_archive_after + =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -8731,7 +9551,7 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item METHODS -=over +=over 4 =item Preloaded methods @@ -8751,7 +9571,7 @@ rootdir updir -=over +=over 4 =item SelfLoaded methods @@ -8803,7 +9623,7 @@ file_name_is_absolute find_perl -=over +=over 4 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile @@ -8831,826 +9651,1198 @@ installbin (o) libscan (o) -linkext (o) +linkext (o) + +lsdir + +macro (o) + +makeaperl (o) + +makefile (o) + +manifypods (o) + +maybe_command + +maybe_command_in_dirs + +needs_linking (o) + +nicetext + +parse_version + +parse_abstract + +pasthru (o) + +path + +perl_script + +perldepend (o) + +ppd + +perm_rw (o) + +perm_rwx (o) + +pm_to_blib + +post_constants (o) + +post_initialize (o) + +postamble (o) + +prefixify + +processPL (o) + +realclean (o) + +replace_manpage_separator + +static (o) + +static_lib (o) + +staticmake (o) + +subdir_x (o) + +subdirs (o) + +test (o) + +test_via_harness (o) + +test_via_script (o) + +tool_autosplit (o) + +tools_other (o) + +tool_xsubpp (o) + +top_targets (o) + +writedoc + +xs_c (o) + +xs_cpp (o) + +xs_o (o) + +perl_archive + +perl_archive_after + +export_list + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Methods always loaded + +wraplist + +=back + +=back + +rootdir (override) + +=over 4 + +=item SelfLoaded methods + +guess_name (override) + +=back + +find_perl (override) + +path (override) + +maybe_command (override) + +maybe_command_in_dirs (override) + +perl_script (override) + +file_name_is_absolute (override) + +replace_manpage_separator + +init_others (override) + +constants (override) + +cflags (override) + +const_cccmd (override) + +pm_to_blib (override) + +tool_autosplit (override) + +tool_sxubpp (override) + +xsubpp_version (override) + +tools_other (override) + +dist (override) + +c_o (override) + +xs_c (override) + +xs_o (override) + +top_targets (override) + +dlsyms (override) + +dynamic_lib (override) + +dynamic_bs (override) + +static_lib (override) + +manifypods (override) + +processPL (override) + +installbin (override) + +subdir_x (override) + +clean (override) + +realclean (override) + +dist_basics (override) + +dist_core (override) + +dist_dir (override) + +dist_test (override) + +install (override) + +perldepend (override) + +makefile (override) + +test (override) + +test_via_harness (override) + +test_via_script (override) + +makeaperl (override) + +nicetext (override) + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +catfile + +constants (o) + +static_lib (o) + +dynamic_bs (o) + +dynamic_lib (o) + +canonpath + +perl_script + +pm_to_blib + +test_via_harness (o) + +tool_autosplit (override) + +tools_other (o) + +xs_o (o) + +top_targets (o) + +htmlifypods (o) + +manifypods (o) + +dist_ci (o) + +dist_core (o) + +pasthru (o) + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item How To Write A Makefile.PL + +=item Default Makefile Behaviour + +=item make test + +=item make testdb + +=item make install + +=item PREFIX and LIB attribute + +=item AFS users + +=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary + +=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations + +=item Which architecture dependent directory? + +=item Using Attributes and Parameters + +ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, +EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, +HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, +INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, +INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, +INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, +MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, +NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC, +PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, +PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, +VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION + +=item Additional lowercase attributes + +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, +tool_autosplit + +=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods + +=item Hintsfile support + +=item Distribution Support + + make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, + make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make +shdist, make zipdist, make ci + +=item Disabling an extension + +=back + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +PERL_MM_OPT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item MANIFEST.SKIP + +=item EXPORT_OK + +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +C I, C I, C I<$!>, +C I + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +B + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back -lsdir +=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c -macro (o) +=over 4 -makeaperl (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -makefile (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -manifypods (o) +=item SEE ALSO -maybe_command +=back -maybe_command_in_dirs +=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader -needs_linking (o) +=over 4 -nicetext +=item SYNOPSIS -parse_version +=item DESCRIPTION -parse_abstract +=back -pasthru (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic +extension -path +=over 4 -perl_script +=item SYNOPSIS -perldepend (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -ppd +DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME -perm_rw (o) +=item AUTHOR -perm_rwx (o) +=item REVISION -pm_to_blib +=back -post_constants (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files -post_initialize (o) +=over 4 -postamble (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -prefixify +=item DESCRIPTION -processPL (o) +=item USAGE -realclean (o) +=item FUNCTIONS -replace_manpage_separator +new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() -static (o) +=item EXAMPLE -static_lib (o) +=item AUTHOR -staticmake (o) +=back -subdir_x (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC -subdirs (o) +=over 4 -test (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -test_via_harness (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -test_via_script (o) +=back -tool_autosplit (o) +=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die -tools_other (o) +=over 4 -tool_xsubpp (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -top_targets (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -writedoc +=item AUTHOR -xs_c (o) +=back -xs_cpp (o) +=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines -xs_o (o) +=over 4 -perl_archive +=item SYNOPSIS -export_list +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item NOTE -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Methods always loaded +fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse -wraplist +=item EXAMPLES -=back +C, C =back -rootdir (override) +=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree -=over +=over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item SYNOPSIS -guess_name (override) +=item DESCRIPTION =back -find_perl (override) +=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles -path (override) +=over 4 -maybe_command (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -perl_script (override) +=item RETURN -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=item AUTHOR -replace_manpage_separator +=back -init_others (override) +=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles -constants (override) +=over 4 -cflags (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -const_cccmd (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -pm_to_blib (override) +=over 4 -tool_autosplit (override) +=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) -tool_sxubpp (override) +rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) -xsubpp_version (override) +=back -tools_other (override) +=item RETURN -dist (override) +=item AUTHOR -c_o (override) +=back -xs_c (override) +=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some -xs_o (override) +=over 4 -top_targets (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -dlsyms (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -dynamic_lib (override) +=item EXPORTS (by request only) -dynamic_bs (override) +=item BUGS -static_lib (override) +=item AUTHOR -manifypods (override) +=item HISTORY -processPL (override) +=item SEE ALSO -installbin (override) +=back -subdir_x (override) +=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree -clean (override) +=over 4 -realclean (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -dist_basics (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -dist_core (override) +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C -dist_dir (override) +=item CAVEAT -dist_test (override) +=back -install (override) +=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine -perldepend (override) +=over 4 -makefile (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -test (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -test_via_harness (override) +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -test_via_script (override) +=item DIAGNOSTICS -makeaperl (override) +C, C -nicetext (override) +=item NOTES -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=item AUTHOR -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -catfile +=item DESCRIPTION -constants (o) +=item AUTHORS -static_lib (o) +=back -dynamic_bs (o) +=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names -dynamic_lib (o) +=over 4 -canonpath +=item SYNOPSIS -perl_script +=item DESCRIPTION -pm_to_blib +=item SEE ALSO -test_via_harness (o) +=item AUTHORS -tool_autosplit (override) +=back -tools_other (o) +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs -xs_o (o) +=over 4 -top_targets (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -htmlifypods (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -manifypods (o) +devnull -dist_ci (o) +=back -dist_core (o) +tmpdir -pasthru (o) +path -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +canonpath -=over +splitpath -=item SYNOPSIS +splitdir -=item DESCRIPTION +catpath -=over +abs2rel -=item How To Write A Makefile.PL +rel2abs -=item Default Makefile Behaviour +=over 4 -=item make test +=item SEE ALSO -=item make testdb +=back -=item make install +=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names -=item PREFIX and LIB attribute +=over 4 -=item AFS users +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations +=over 4 -=item Which architecture dependent directory? +=item Exports -=item Using Attributes and Parameters +=back -AUTHOR, ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, PERL_MALLOC_OK, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, -LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, -NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, -PM, PMLIBDIRS, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, -PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, -XS_VERSION +=item SEE ALSO -=item Additional lowercase attributes +=back -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS -=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=over 4 -=item Hintsfile support +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Distribution Support +=item DESCRIPTION - make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci +=item METHODS -=item Disabling an extension +canonpath =back -=item ENVIRONMENT +catdir -PERL_MM_OPT +catfile -=item SEE ALSO +curdir -=item AUTHORS +devnull -=back +rootdir -=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file +tmpdir -=over +updir -=item SYNOPSIS +file_name_is_absolute -=item DESCRIPTION +path -=item MANIFEST.SKIP +splitpath -=item EXPORT_OK +splitdir -=item GLOBAL VARIABLES +catpath -=item DIAGNOSTICS +abs2rel -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I +rel2abs -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c +=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader +=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item METHODS + +canonpath + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic -extension +catdir -=over +catfile -=item SYNOPSIS +curdir -=item DESCRIPTION +devnull -DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME +rootdir -=item AUTHOR +tmpdir -=item REVISION +updir -=back +no_upwards -=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files +case_tolerant -=over +file_name_is_absolute -=item SYNOPSIS +path -=item DESCRIPTION +join -=item USAGE +splitpath -=item FUNCTIONS +splitdir -new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() +catpath -=item EXAMPLE +abs2rel -=item AUTHOR +rel2abs + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC +=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +eliminate_macros -=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die +=back -=over +fixpath -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Methods always loaded -=item AUTHOR +canonpath (override) =back -=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines +catdir -=over +catfile -=item SYNOPSIS +curdir (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +devnull (override) -=item NOTE +rootdir (override) -=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS +tmpdir (override) -=back +updir (override) -=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces +case_tolerant (override) -=over +path (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +file_name_is_absolute (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +splitpath (override) -fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse +splitdir (override) -=item EXAMPLES +catpath (override) -C, C +abs2rel (override) + +rel2abs (override) + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree +=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +devnull + =back -=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles +tmpdir + +catfile -=over +canonpath -=item SYNOPSIS +splitpath -=item DESCRIPTION +splitdir -=item RETURN +catpath -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles +=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely + +=over 4 -=over +=item PORTABILITY =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back + +=over 4 -=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) +=item FUNCTIONS -rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) +B =back -=item RETURN - -=item AUTHOR +B -=back +=over 4 -=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some +=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS -=over +B -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +B -=item EXPORTS (by request only) +B -=item BUGS +B -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item HISTORY +=item POSIX FUNCTIONS -=item SEE ALSO +B =back -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree +B -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS -=item DESCRIPTION +B -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=back -=item CAVEAT +=over 4 -=back +=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS -=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine +B -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item PACKAGE VARIABLES -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=back -C, C +TopSystemUID -=item NOTES +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item WARNING -=back +=over 4 -=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees +=item Temporary files and NFS -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item HISTORY -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTE -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Exports - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS =back -=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS +=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines -canonpath +=item SEE ALSO =back -catdir - -catfile - -curdir - -devnull +=head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering -rootdir +=over 4 -tmpdir +=item SYNOPSIS -updir +=item DESCRIPTION -file_name_is_absolute +=over 4 -path +=item The Problem -splitpath +=item A Solution -splitdir +=item Disabling or changing behaviour -catpath +=item All-in-one interface -abs2rel +=item How it works -rel2abs +=back -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs +=head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item B + +=item B + +=item B + +B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B + =back -=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec +=item EXAMPLES -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Example 1: A simple filter. -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Example 2: Using the context -=item METHODS +=item Example 3: Using the context within the filter -canonpath +=item Example 4: Using filter_del =back -catdir +=item Filter::Simple -catfile +=item AUTHOR -curdir +=item DATE -devnull +=back -rootdir +=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script -tmpdir +=over 4 -updir +=item SYNOPSIS -no_upwards +=item DESCRIPTION -case_tolerant +=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES -file_name_is_absolute +=item KNOWN BUGS -path +=item AUTHORS -join +=item COPYRIGHT -splitpath +=back -splitdir +=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. -catpath +=over 4 -abs2rel +=item SYNOPSIS -rel2abs +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AVAILABILITY -=over +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs +=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -eliminate_macros - -=back +=item Command Line Options, an Introduction -fixpath +=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long -=over +=over 4 -=item Methods always loaded +=item Simple options -canonpath (override) +=item A little bit less simple options -=back +=item Mixing command line option with other arguments -catdir +=item Options with values -catfile +=item Options with multiple values -curdir (override) +=item Options with hash values -devnull (override) +=item User-defined subroutines to handle options -rootdir (override) +=item Options with multiple names -tmpdir (override) +=item Case and abbreviations -updir (override) +=item Summary of Option Specifications -case_tolerant (override) +!, +, s, i, f, : I [ I ] -path (override) +=back -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=item Advanced Possibilities -splitpath (override) +=over 4 -splitdir (override) +=item Object oriented interface -catpath (override) +=item Documentation and help texts -abs2rel (override) +=item Storing options in a hash -rel2abs (override) +=item Bundling -=over +=item The lonesome dash -=item SEE ALSO +=item Argument call-back =back -=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs +=item Configuring Getopt::Long -=over +default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, +require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override +(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always +(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Return values and Errors -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Legacy -devnull +=over 4 -=back +=item Default destinations -tmpdir +=item Alternative option starters -catfile +=item Configuration variables -canonpath +=back -splitpath +=item Trouble Shooting -splitdir +=over 4 -catpath +=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option -=over +=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not +supplied -=item SEE ALSO +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER =back -=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch +clustering -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9658,268 +10850,471 @@ catpath =back -=over +=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current +locale -=item FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -B +=head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language +tags -=over +=over 4 -=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION =back -B +the function is_language_tag($lang1) -B +the function extract_language_tags($whatever) -B +the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=over +the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=item POSIX FUNCTIONS +the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) -B +the function super_languages($lang1) -=back +the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) -B +the function encode_language_tag($lang1) -=over +the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) -=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -B +=item ABOUT LOWERCASING + +=item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHOR =back -=over +=head2 I18N::LangTags::List, I18n::LangTags::List -- list of tags for human +languages + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS + +=item LIST OF LANGUAGES + +I<{ab}> : Abkhazian, I<{ace}> : Achinese, I<{ach}> : Acoli, I<{ada}> : +Adangme, I<{aa}> : Afar, I<{afh}> : Afrihili, I<{af}> : Afrikaans, +[I<{afa}> : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], I<{aka}> : Akan, I<{akk}> : Akkadian, +I<{sq}> : Albanian, I<{ale}> : Aleut, [I<{alg}> : Algonquian languages], +[I<{tut}> : Altaic (Other)], I<{am}> : Amharic, I<{i-ami}> : Ami, [I<{apa}> +: Apache languages], I<{ar}> : Arabic, I<{arc}> : Aramaic, I<{arp}> : +Arapaho, I<{arn}> : Araucanian, I<{arw}> : Arawak, I<{hy}> : Armenian, +[I<{art}> : Artificial (Other)], I<{as}> : Assamese, [I<{ath}> : Athapascan +languages], [I<{aus}> : Australian languages], [I<{map}> : Austronesian +(Other)], I<{ava}> : Avaric, I<{ae}> : Avestan, I<{awa}> : Awadhi, I<{ay}> +: Aymara, I<{az}> : Azerbaijani, I<{ban}> : Balinese, [I<{bat}> : Baltic +(Other)], I<{bal}> : Baluchi, I<{bam}> : Bambara, [I<{bai}> : Bamileke +languages], I<{bad}> : Banda, [I<{bnt}> : Bantu (Other)], I<{bas}> : Basa, +I<{ba}> : Bashkir, I<{eu}> : Basque, I<{btk}> : Batak (Indonesia), I<{bej}> +: Beja, I<{be}> : Belarusian, I<{bem}> : Bemba, I<{bn}> : Bengali, +[I<{ber}> : Berber (Other)], I<{bho}> : Bhojpuri, I<{bh}> : Bihari, +I<{bik}> : Bikol, I<{bin}> : Bini, I<{bi}> : Bislama, I<{bs}> : Bosnian, +I<{bra}> : Braj, I<{br}> : Breton, I<{bug}> : Buginese, I<{bg}> : +Bulgarian, I<{i-bnn}> : Bunun, I<{bua}> : Buriat, I<{my}> : Burmese, +I<{cad}> : Caddo, I<{car}> : Carib, I<{ca}> : Catalan, [I<{cau}> : +Caucasian (Other)], I<{ceb}> : Cebuano, [I<{cel}> : Celtic (Other)], +[I<{cai}> : Central American Indian (Other)], I<{chg}> : Chagatai, +[I<{cmc}> : Chamic languages], I<{ch}> : Chamorro, I<{ce}> : Chechen, +I<{chr}> : Cherokee, I<{chy}> : Cheyenne, I<{chb}> : Chibcha, I<{ny}> : +Chichewa, I<{zh}> : Chinese, I<{chn}> : Chinook Jargon, I<{chp}> : +Chipewyan, I<{cho}> : Choctaw, I<{cu}> : Church Slavic, I<{chk}> : +Chuukese, I<{cv}> : Chuvash, I<{cop}> : Coptic, I<{kw}> : Cornish, I<{co}> +: Corsican, I<{cre}> : Cree, I<{mus}> : Creek, [I<{cpe}> : English-based +Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [I<{cpf}> : French-based Creoles and pidgins +(Other)], [I<{cpp}> : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], +[I<{crp}> : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], I<{hr}> : Croatian, [I<{cus}> : +Cushitic (Other)], I<{cs}> : Czech, I<{dak}> : Dakota, I<{da}> : Danish, +I<{day}> : Dayak, I<{i-default}> : Default (Fallthru) Language, I<{del}> : +Delaware, I<{din}> : Dinka, I<{div}> : Divehi, I<{doi}> : Dogri, I<{dgr}> : +Dogrib, [I<{dra}> : Dravidian (Other)], I<{dua}> : Duala, I<{nl}> : Dutch, +I<{dum}> : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), I<{dyu}> : Dyula, I<{dz}> : +Dzongkha, I<{efi}> : Efik, I<{egy}> : Ancient Egyptian, I<{eka}> : Ekajuk, +I<{elx}> : Elamite, I<{en}> : English, I<{enm}> : Old English (1100-1500), +I<{ang}> : Old English (ca.450-1100), I<{eo}> : Esperanto, I<{et}> : +Estonian, I<{ewe}> : Ewe, I<{ewo}> : Ewondo, I<{fan}> : Fang, I<{fat}> : +Fanti, I<{fo}> : Faroese, I<{fj}> : Fijian, I<{fi}> : Finnish, [I<{fiu}> : +Finno-Ugrian (Other)], I<{fon}> : Fon, I<{fr}> : French, I<{frm}> : Middle +French (ca.1400-1600), I<{fro}> : Old French (842-ca.1400), I<{fy}> : +Frisian, I<{fur}> : Friulian, I<{ful}> : Fulah, I<{gaa}> : Ga, I<{gd}> : +Scots Gaelic, I<{gl}> : Gallegan, I<{lug}> : Ganda, I<{gay}> : Gayo, +I<{gba}> : Gbaya, I<{gez}> : Geez, I<{ka}> : Georgian, I<{de}> : German, +I<{gmh}> : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), I<{goh}> : Old High German +(ca.750-1050), [I<{gem}> : Germanic (Other)], I<{gil}> : Gilbertese, +I<{gon}> : Gondi, I<{gor}> : Gorontalo, I<{got}> : Gothic, I<{grb}> : +Grebo, I<{grc}> : Ancient Greek (to 1453), I<{el}> : Modern Greek (1453-), +I<{gn}> : Guarani, I<{gu}> : Gujarati, I<{gwi}> : Gwich'in, I<{hai}> : +Haida, I<{ha}> : Hausa, I<{haw}> : Hawaiian, I<{he}> : Hebrew, I<{hz}> : +Herero, I<{hil}> : Hiligaynon, I<{him}> : Himachali, I<{hi}> : Hindi, +I<{ho}> : Hiri Motu, I<{hit}> : Hittite, I<{hmn}> : Hmong, I<{hu}> : +Hungarian, I<{hup}> : Hupa, I<{iba}> : Iban, I<{is}> : Icelandic, I<{ibo}> +: Igbo, I<{ijo}> : Ijo, I<{ilo}> : Iloko, [I<{inc}> : Indic (Other)], +[I<{ine}> : Indo-European (Other)], I<{id}> : Indonesian, I<{ia}> : +Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), I<{ie}> : +Interlingue, I<{iu}> : Inuktitut, I<{ik}> : Inupiaq, [I<{ira}> : Iranian +(Other)], I<{ga}> : Irish, I<{mga}> : Middle Irish (900-1200), I<{sga}> : +Old Irish (to 900), [I<{iro}> : Iroquoian languages], I<{it}> : Italian, +I<{ja}> : Japanese, I<{jw}> : Javanese, I<{jrb}> : Judeo-Arabic, I<{jpr}> : +Judeo-Persian, I<{kab}> : Kabyle, I<{kac}> : Kachin, I<{kl}> : Kalaallisut, +I<{kam}> : Kamba, I<{kn}> : Kannada, I<{kau}> : Kanuri, I<{kaa}> : +Kara-Kalpak, I<{kar}> : Karen, I<{ks}> : Kashmiri, I<{kaw}> : Kawi, I<{kk}> +: Kazakh, I<{kha}> : Khasi, I<{km}> : Khmer, [I<{khi}> : Khoisan (Other)], +I<{kho}> : Khotanese, I<{ki}> : Kikuyu, I<{kmb}> : Kimbundu, I<{rw}> : +Kinyarwanda, I<{ky}> : Kirghiz, I<{i-klingon}> : Klingon, I<{kv}> : Komi, +I<{kon}> : Kongo, I<{kok}> : Konkani, I<{ko}> : Korean, I<{kos}> : +Kosraean, I<{kpe}> : Kpelle, I<{kro}> : Kru, I<{kj}> : Kuanyama, I<{kum}> : +Kumyk, I<{ku}> : Kurdish, I<{kru}> : Kurukh, I<{kut}> : Kutenai, I<{lad}> : +Ladino, I<{lah}> : Lahnda, I<{lam}> : Lamba, I<{lo}> : Lao, I<{la}> : +Latin, I<{lv}> : Latvian, I<{lb}> : Letzeburgesch, I<{lez}> : Lezghian, +I<{ln}> : Lingala, I<{lt}> : Lithuanian, I<{nds}> : Low German, I<{loz}> : +Lozi, I<{lub}> : Luba-Katanga, I<{lua}> : Luba-Lulua, I<{lui}> : Luiseno, +I<{lun}> : Lunda, I<{luo}> : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), I<{lus}> : Lushai, +I<{mk}> : Macedonian, I<{mad}> : Madurese, I<{mag}> : Magahi, I<{mai}> : +Maithili, I<{mak}> : Makasar, I<{mg}> : Malagasy, I<{ms}> : Malay, I<{ml}> +: Malayalam, I<{mt}> : Maltese, I<{mnc}> : Manchu, I<{mdr}> : Mandar, +I<{man}> : Mandingo, I<{mni}> : Manipuri, [I<{mno}> : Manobo languages], +I<{gv}> : Manx, I<{mi}> : Maori, I<{mr}> : Marathi, I<{chm}> : Mari, +I<{mh}> : Marshall, I<{mwr}> : Marwari, I<{mas}> : Masai, [I<{myn}> : Mayan +languages], I<{men}> : Mende, I<{mic}> : Micmac, I<{min}> : Minangkabau, +I<{i-mingo}> : Mingo, [I<{mis}> : Miscellaneous languages], I<{moh}> : +Mohawk, I<{mo}> : Moldavian, [I<{mkh}> : Mon-Khmer (Other)], I<{lol}> : +Mongo, I<{mn}> : Mongolian, I<{mos}> : Mossi, [I<{mul}> : Multiple +languages], [I<{mun}> : Munda languages], I<{nah}> : Nahuatl, I<{na}> : +Nauru, I<{nv}> : Navajo, I<{nd}> : North Ndebele, I<{nr}> : South Ndebele, +I<{ng}> : Ndonga, I<{ne}> : Nepali, I<{new}> : Newari, I<{nia}> : Nias, +[I<{nic}> : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [I<{ssa}> : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], +I<{niu}> : Niuean, I<{non}> : Old Norse, [I<{nai}> : North American +Indian], I<{se}> : Northern Sami, I<{no}> : Norwegian, I<{nb}> : Norwegian +BokmEl, I<{nn}> : Norwegian Nynorsk, [I<{nub}> : Nubian languages], +I<{nym}> : Nyamwezi, I<{nyn}> : Nyankole, I<{nyo}> : Nyoro, I<{nzi}> : +Nzima, I<{oc}> : Occitan (post 1500), I<{oji}> : Ojibwa, I<{or}> : Oriya, +I<{om}> : Oromo, I<{osa}> : Osage, I<{os}> : Ossetian; Ossetic, [I<{oto}> : +Otomian languages], I<{pal}> : Pahlavi, I<{i-pwn}> : Paiwan, I<{pau}> : +Palauan, I<{pi}> : Pali, I<{pam}> : Pampanga, I<{pag}> : Pangasinan, +I<{pa}> : Panjabi, I<{pap}> : Papiamento, [I<{paa}> : Papuan (Other)], +I<{fa}> : Persian, I<{peo}> : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [I<{phi}> : +Philippine (Other)], I<{phn}> : Phoenician, I<{pon}> : Pohnpeian, I<{pl}> : +Polish, I<{pt}> : Portuguese, [I<{pra}> : Prakrit languages], I<{pro}> : +Old ProvenEal (to 1500), I<{ps}> : Pushto, I<{qu}> : Quechua, +I<{rm}> : Raeto-Romance, I<{raj}> : Rajasthani, I<{rap}> : Rapanui, +I<{rar}> : Rarotongan, [I<{qaa}>-I : Reserved for local use.], +[I<{roa}> : Romance (Other)], I<{ro}> : Romanian, I<{rom}> : Romany, +I<{rn}> : Rundi, I<{ru}> : Russian, [I<{sal}> : Salishan languages], +I<{sam}> : Samaritan Aramaic, [I<{smi}> : Sami languages (Other)], I<{sm}> +: Samoan, I<{sad}> : Sandawe, I<{sg}> : Sango, I<{sa}> : Sanskrit, I<{sat}> +: Santali, I<{sc}> : Sardinian, I<{sas}> : Sasak, I<{sco}> : Scots, +I<{sel}> : Selkup, [I<{sem}> : Semitic (Other)], I<{sr}> : Serbian, +I<{srr}> : Serer, I<{shn}> : Shan, I<{sn}> : Shona, I<{sid}> : Sidamo, +I<{sgn-...}> : Sign Languages, I<{bla}> : Siksika, I<{sd}> : Sindhi, +I<{si}> : Sinhalese, [I<{sit}> : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [I<{sio}> : Siouan +languages], I<{den}> : Slave (Athapascan), [I<{sla}> : Slavic (Other)], +I<{sk}> : Slovak, I<{sl}> : Slovenian, I<{sog}> : Sogdian, I<{so}> : +Somali, I<{son}> : Songhai, I<{snk}> : Soninke, I<{wen}> : Sorbian +languages, I<{nso}> : Northern Sotho, I<{st}> : Southern Sotho, [I<{sai}> : +South American Indian (Other)], I<{es}> : Spanish, I<{suk}> : Sukuma, +I<{sux}> : Sumerian, I<{su}> : Sundanese, I<{sus}> : Susu, I<{sw}> : +Swahili, I<{ss}> : Swati, I<{sv}> : Swedish, I<{syr}> : Syriac, I<{tl}> : +Tagalog, I<{ty}> : Tahitian, [I<{tai}> : Tai (Other)], I<{tg}> : Tajik, +I<{tmh}> : Tamashek, I<{ta}> : Tamil, I<{i-tao}> : Tao, I<{tt}> : Tatar, +I<{i-tay}> : Tayal, I<{te}> : Telugu, I<{ter}> : Tereno, I<{tet}> : Tetum, +I<{th}> : Thai, I<{bo}> : Tibetan, I<{tig}> : Tigre, I<{ti}> : Tigrinya, +I<{tem}> : Timne, I<{tiv}> : Tiv, I<{tli}> : Tlingit, I<{tpi}> : Tok Pisin, +I<{tkl}> : Tokelau, I<{tog}> : Tonga (Nyasa), I<{to}> : Tonga (Tonga +Islands), I<{tsi}> : Tsimshian, I<{ts}> : Tsonga, I<{i-tsu}> : Tsou, +I<{tn}> : Tswana, I<{tum}> : Tumbuka, I<{tr}> : Turkish, I<{ota}> : Ottoman +Turkish (1500-1928), I<{tk}> : Turkmen, I<{tvl}> : Tuvalu, I<{tyv}> : +Tuvinian, I<{tw}> : Twi, I<{uga}> : Ugaritic, I<{ug}> : Uighur, I<{uk}> : +Ukrainian, I<{umb}> : Umbundu, I<{und}> : Undetermined, I<{ur}> : Urdu, +I<{uz}> : Uzbek, I<{vai}> : Vai, I<{ven}> : Venda, I<{vi}> : Vietnamese, +I<{vo}> : VolapEk, I<{vot}> : Votic, [I<{wak}> : Wakashan languages], +I<{wal}> : Walamo, I<{war}> : Waray, I<{was}> : Washo, I<{cy}> : Welsh, +I<{wo}> : Wolof, I<{x-...}> : Unregistered (Private Use), I<{xh}> : Xhosa, +I<{sah}> : Yakut, I<{yao}> : Yao, I<{yap}> : Yapese, I<{yi}> : Yiddish, +I<{yo}> : Yoruba, [I<{ypk}> : Yupik languages], I<{znd}> : Zande, [I<{zap}> +: Zapotec], I<{zen}> : Zenaga, I<{za}> : Zhuang, I<{zu}> : Zulu, I<{zun}> : +Zuni -=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS +=item SEE ALSO -B +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER + +=item AUTHOR =back -=over +=head2 IO - load various IO modules + +=over 4 -=item PACKAGE VARIABLES +=item SYNOPSIS -B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH +=item DESCRIPTION =back -TopSystemUID +=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles -=over +=over 4 -=item WARNING +=item SYNOPSIS -=item HISTORY +=item DESCRIPTION + +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions +=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTE +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item AUTHOR +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile + +=item METHODS + +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits +=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) + +=item METHODS + +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint + +=item NOTE + +=item SEE ALSO + =item BUGS +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) + +=item METHODS + +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script +=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES +=item METHODS -=item KNOWN BUGS +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) -=item AUTHORS +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. +=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AVAILABILITY - -=item BUGS +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell =item SEE ALSO +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options +=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item Command Line Options, an Introduction - -=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long - -=over - -=item Simple options +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item A little bit less simple options +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) -=item Mixing command line option with other arguments +=item METHODS -=item Options with values +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) -=item Options with multiple values +=item EXAMPLE -=item Options with hash values +=item AUTHOR -=item User-defined subroutines to handle options +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Options with multiple names +=back -=item Case and abbreviations +=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications -=item Summary of Option Specifications +=over 4 -!, +, s, i, f, : I [ I ] +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Advanced Possibilities +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item Documentation and help texts +=item METHODS -=item Storing options in a hash +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) -=item Bundling +=item SEE ALSO -=item The lonesome dash +=item AUTHOR -=item Argument call-back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item Configuring Getopt::Long +=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets -default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, require_order, permute, bundling -(default: reset), bundling_override (default: reset), ignore_case -(default: set), ignore_case_always (default: reset), pass_through (default: -reset), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: reset) +=over 4 -=item Return values and Errors +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Legacy +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Default destinations +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item Alternative option starters +=over 4 -=item Configuration variables +=item METHODS + +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() =back +=item SEE ALSO + =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering +=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current -locale - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item DESCRIPTION +new ( [ARGS] ) -=back +=item METHODS -=head2 IO - load various IO modules +hostpath(), peerpath() -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory +handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9936,9 +11331,9 @@ rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =back -=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9958,9 +11353,10 @@ open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) =back -=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O +handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -9987,9 +11383,9 @@ $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint =back -=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10011,9 +11407,9 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =back -=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10032,23 +11428,29 @@ IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =back -=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for +I/O objects -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell + =item SEE ALSO =item HISTORY =back -=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system +call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10072,9 +11474,10 @@ count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) =back -=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket +communications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10086,8 +11489,8 @@ new ( [ARGS] ) =item METHODS -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) =item SEE ALSO @@ -10097,9 +11500,10 @@ sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected =back -=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for +AF_INET domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10109,7 +11513,7 @@ sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected new ( [ARGS] ) -=over +=over 4 =item METHODS @@ -10126,9 +11530,10 @@ sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost =back -=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for +AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10150,17 +11555,19 @@ hostpath(), peerpath() =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory -handles +=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +=item METHODS + +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat =item SEE ALSO @@ -10170,73 +11577,111 @@ rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item WARNING -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile +=item SEE ALSO -=item METHODS +=back -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error +handling -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item HISTORY +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item WARNING =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O -handles +=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item METHODS -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat -=item METHODS +=item SEE ALSO -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +=item AUTHOR -=item NOTE +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +ftok( PATH, ID ) =item SEE ALSO -=item BUGS +=item AUTHORS -=item HISTORY +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item METHODS -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object +class + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =item METHODS -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat =item SEE ALSO @@ -10246,281 +11691,376 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, sum LIST -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of +general-utility list subroutines + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, sum LIST + +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of +general-utility scalar subroutines + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype +EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item BLATANT PLUG + +=back + +=head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency + =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES + +code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item QUERY ROUTINES + +C, C + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item CODE ALIASING =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for -I/O objects +=over 4 -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item SYNOPSIS +=item DOMAIN NAMES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO -=item HISTORY +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, +http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, +http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system -call +=head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency +identification (ISO 4217) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=over 4 -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +XTS, XXX -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +=back -=item EXAMPLE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -=item COPYRIGHT +code2currency(), currency2code() =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket -communications - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item QUERY ROUTINES -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( [ARGS] ) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item EXAMPLES -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for -AF_INET domain sockets +=head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification +(ISO 639) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=over +=back -=item METHODS +=over 4 -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -=item COPYRIGHT +code2language(), language2code() =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for -AF_UNIX domain sockets - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item QUERY ROUTINES -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( [ARGS] ) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item EXAMPLES -hostpath(), peerpath() +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item QUICK OVERVIEW + =item METHODS -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Construction Methods -=item AUTHOR +$lh = YourProjClass->get_handle( ...langtags... ) || die "lg-handle?";, $lh += YourProjClass->get_handleB<()> || die "lg-handle?";, $lh = +YourProjClass::langname->new();, $lh->init();, +YourProjClass->fallback_languages(), +YourProjClass->fallback_language_classes() -=item COPYRIGHT +=item The "maketext" Method -=back +$lh->fail_with I $lh->fail_with(I), $lh->failure_handler_auto -=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing +=item Utility Methods -=over +$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, +$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), +$language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), +$language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Language Handle Attributes and Internals -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item WARNING +=item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES -=item SEE ALSO +=item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON -=back +=item BRACKET NOTATION -=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error -handling +=item AUTO LEXICONS -=over +=item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE -=item SYNOPSIS +=item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO -=item WARNING +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class +=head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You -=item AUTHOR +=item The Linguistic View -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Breaking gettext -=back +=item Replacing gettext -=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants +=item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation -=over +=item Buzzword: Isomorphism -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Buzzword: Inheritance -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Buzzword: Concision -ftok( PATH, ID ) +=item The Devil in the Details -=item SEE ALSO +=item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites -=item AUTHORS +=item References -=item COPYRIGHT +=back =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item SEE ALSO +Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data -=item AUTHOR +=item EXAMPLES =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object -class +=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding +of quoted-printable strings -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +=item COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHOR +=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable +strings + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT @@ -10528,7 +12068,7 @@ set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10545,7 +12085,7 @@ performed =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10566,7 +12106,7 @@ Canonical notation, Input, Output =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10578,7 +12118,7 @@ functions =item STRINGIFICATION -=over +=over 4 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 @@ -10598,7 +12138,7 @@ functions =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10608,7 +12148,7 @@ functions B -=over +=over 4 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO @@ -10620,7 +12160,7 @@ B =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS -=over +=over 4 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS @@ -10631,10 +12171,16 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES +=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS =item EXAMPLES +=over 4 + +=item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS + +=back + =item BUGS =item AUTHORS @@ -10643,33 +12189,61 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +C, C, C + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS + +=back + +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR + +=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external + +=over 4 =item Functions Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =back -=item WARNING - =item NOTES =back @@ -10677,7 +12251,7 @@ $timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10694,7 +12268,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10711,7 +12285,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10726,7 +12300,7 @@ functions =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10742,7 +12316,7 @@ functions =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10758,17 +12332,29 @@ functions =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS + =back =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10796,7 +12382,7 @@ opdump (PAT) =back -=over +=over 4 =item Predefined Opcode Tags @@ -10814,7 +12400,7 @@ opdump (PAT) =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10824,7 +12410,7 @@ a new namespace, an operator mask =item WARNING -=over +=over 4 =item RECENT CHANGES @@ -10848,7 +12434,7 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10860,7 +12446,7 @@ compiling =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -10901,7 +12487,7 @@ wctomb, write =item CLASSES -=over +=over 4 =item POSIX::SigAction @@ -10987,15 +12573,66 @@ Constants, Macros =back +=head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* +name space + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw + +=over 4 + +=item Defaults and how to override them + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +$class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), +$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), +$class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), +$obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), +$obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), +$obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) + +=back + =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS -=over +=over 4 =item podchecker() @@ -11007,7 +12644,7 @@ B<-warnings> =E I =item DIAGNOSTICS -=over +=over 4 =item Errors @@ -11024,12 +12661,16 @@ after =back =item Warnings multiple occurence of link target I, line containing nothing but -whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, No numeric -argument for =over, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item -paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I vs. I), I unescaped -CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument -for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME -section, Hyperlinks +whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has +no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I +vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No +items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section + +=item Hyperlinks + +ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' +deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or / =back @@ -11041,6 +12682,8 @@ section, Hyperlinks =back +Cnew( %options )> + C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, @args )> @@ -11054,7 +12697,7 @@ C<$checker-Eidx()> C<$checker-Ehyperlink()> -=over +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -11062,15 +12705,45 @@ C<$checker-Ehyperlink()> =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +C<-verbose =E 1>, C<-perl =E 1>, C<-script =E 1>, C<-inc =E +1> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E +1> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back -B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -11080,7 +12753,7 @@ B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -11088,9 +12761,9 @@ B<-verbose>, B<-perl>, B<-script>, B<-inc> =item ARGUMENTS -backlink, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile, -libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title, -verbose +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, +infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, +title, verbose =item EXAMPLE @@ -11107,7 +12780,7 @@ verbose =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -11117,216 +12790,216 @@ commands, etc. =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, -B +package B, package B, package +B, package B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::Paragraph-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::InteriorSequence-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::InteriorSequence::B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::ParseTree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item $ptree-EB =back -=over +=over 4 -=item B +=item Pod::ParseTree::B =back -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -11336,7 +13009,7 @@ B =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -11344,7 +13017,7 @@ B =back -=over +=over 4 =item OBJECT METHODS @@ -11352,7 +13025,7 @@ C =back -=over +=over 4 =item Data Accessors @@ -11384,7 +13057,7 @@ B B -=over +=over 4 =item Subclassed methods @@ -11402,7 +13075,7 @@ B B -=over +=over 4 =item List Methods @@ -11414,7 +13087,7 @@ B B -=over +=over 4 =item Methods for headings @@ -11422,7 +13095,7 @@ B =back -=over +=over 4 =item Internal methods @@ -11438,7 +13111,7 @@ B<_create_index> B<_clean_latex_commands> -=over +=over 4 =item NOTES @@ -11454,19 +13127,21 @@ B<_clean_latex_commands> =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, release, -section +center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, quotes, +release, section =item DIAGNOSTICS -roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not `%s', Invalid link %s, Unknown escape -EE%sE, Unknown sequence %s, Unmatched =back +roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote +specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape +EE%sE, Unknown sequence %s, %s: Unknown command paragraph "%s" on +line %d, Unmatched =back =item BUGS @@ -11478,7 +13153,7 @@ EE%sE, Unknown sequence %s, Unmatched =back =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -11486,93 +13161,93 @@ EE%sE, Unknown sequence %s, Unmatched =back =back -=over +=over 4 =item Pod::List -new() +Pod::List-Enew() =back -file() +$list-Efile() -start() +$list-Estart() -indent() +$list-Eindent() -type() +$list-Etype() -rx() +$list-Erx() -item() +$list-Eitem() -parent() +$list-Eparent() -tag() +$list-Etag() -=over +=over 4 =item Pod::Hyperlink -new() +Pod::Hyperlink-Enew() =back -parse($string) +$link-Eparse($string) -markup($string) +$link-Emarkup($string) -text() +$link-Etext() -warning() +$link-Ewarning() -line(), file() +$link-Efile(), $link-Eline() -page() +$link-Epage() -node() +$link-Enode() -alttext() +$link-Ealttext() -type() +$link-Etype() -link() +$link-Elink() -=over +=over 4 =item Pod::Cache -new() +Pod::Cache-Enew() =back -item() +$cache-Eitem() -find_page($name) +$cache-Efind_page($name) -=over +=over 4 =item Pod::Cache::Item -new() +Pod::Cache::Item-Enew() =back -page() +$cacheitem-Epage() -description() +$cacheitem-Edescription() -path() +$cacheitem-Epath() -file() +$cacheitem-Efile() -nodes() +$cacheitem-Enodes() -find_node($name) +$cacheitem-Efind_node($name) -idx() +$cacheitem-Eidx() -=over +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -11582,7 +13257,7 @@ idx() =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -11601,13 +13276,13 @@ B<-warnings> (default: unset) =back -=over +=over 4 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES =back -=over +=over 4 =item B @@ -11615,7 +13290,7 @@ C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B @@ -11623,7 +13298,7 @@ C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B @@ -11631,73 +13306,73 @@ C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING =back -=over +=over 4 =item B @@ -11707,109 +13382,109 @@ I|I =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item ACCESSOR METHODS =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<_push_input_stream()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<_pop_input_stream()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item TREE-BASED PARSING @@ -11821,13 +13496,13 @@ I|I =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item EXPORT @@ -11842,7 +13517,7 @@ I|I =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from input -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -11858,55 +13533,55 @@ input =back -=over +=over 4 =item OBJECT METHODS =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item B =back -=over +=over 4 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS =back -=over +=over 4 =item B @@ -11914,31 +13589,31 @@ B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> =back -=over +=over 4 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA =back -=over +=over 4 =item B<_compile_section_spec()> =back -=over +=over 4 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS} =back -=over +=over 4 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS} =back -=over +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -11948,18 +13623,19 @@ B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -alt, indent, loose, sentence, width +alt, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width =item DIAGNOSTICS -Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, -Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back +Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote +specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", Unknown escape: +%s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back =item RESTRICTIONS @@ -11973,7 +13649,24 @@ Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike +text + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -11990,7 +13683,7 @@ Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12005,7 +13698,7 @@ text with format escapes =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod documentation -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12018,7 +13711,7 @@ C<-pathlist> =item EXAMPLES -=over +=over 4 =item Recommended Use @@ -12030,21 +13723,33 @@ C<-pathlist> =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=back +=back + +=head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +C, C, C + +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files +=over 4 -=over +=item C -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS =back =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12054,7 +13759,7 @@ a new namespace, an operator mask =item WARNING -=over +=over 4 =item RECENT CHANGES @@ -12075,9 +13780,26 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =back +=head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype +EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item BLATANT PLUG + +=back + =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12087,7 +13809,7 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12097,13 +13819,13 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item The __DATA__ token @@ -12125,12 +13847,18 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX + +=back + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -12138,7 +13866,7 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12152,9 +13880,95 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =back +=head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item MEMORY STORE + +=item ADVISORY LOCKING + +=item SPEED + +=item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION + +=item ERROR REPORTING + +=item WIZARDS ONLY + +=over 4 + +=item Hooks + +C I, I, C I, I, +I, .. + +=item Predicates + +C, C, +C + +=item Recursion + +=item Deep Cloning + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item WARNING + +=item BUGS + +=item CREDITS + +=item TRANSLATIONS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl + +=over 4 + +=item VERSION + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item BACKGROUND + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Allowing fall-through + +=item Automating fall-through + +=item Higher-order Operations + +=back + +=item DEPENDENCIES + +=item AUTHOR + +=item BUGS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12164,7 +13978,7 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12177,7 +13991,7 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12198,7 +14012,7 @@ closelog =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12218,7 +14032,7 @@ closelog =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12226,19 +14040,21 @@ closelog =item DIAGNOSTICS -Invalid attribute name %s, Identifier %s used only once: possible typo, No -comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword %s not allowed while "strict subs" -in use +Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No +comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict +subs" in use =item RESTRICTIONS +=item NOTES + =item AUTHORS =back =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12250,7 +14066,7 @@ in use =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12269,7 +14085,7 @@ EtabE, ^D, ^U, EdelE, EbsE =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12288,24 +14104,44 @@ C, C, C =item ENVIRONMENT +=item CAVEATS + =back -=head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts +=head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=back + +B<_to_value> + +B + +=over 4 + =item TEST TYPES NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS -=item RETURN VALUE - =item ONFAIL +=item BUGS and CAVEATS + +=item TODO + =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -12314,18 +14150,41 @@ NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS =head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item The test script output +B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B, +B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B, +B, B, B, B + +=item Failure + +B, B, B, B, B, B, B + +=item Functions + +B + =back +=back + +B<_globdir> + +B<_run_all_tests> + +B<_mk_leader> + +=over 4 + =item EXPORT =item DIAGNOSTICS @@ -12333,21 +14192,29 @@ NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS C, C, C, C, C +%s>, C =item ENVIRONMENT +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C + +=item EXAMPLE + =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHORS +=item TODO + =item BUGS =back =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12357,10 +14224,79 @@ C, C + +=item C + +=item C + +C $listref>, C $listref>, C $str>, +[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] + +=item C + +=item C + +[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] + +=item C and "here documents" + +[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10] + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=back + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + + C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C + +=item AUTHOR + +=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12368,12 +14304,6 @@ arrays =item EXAMPLES -0 a simple word, 1 multiple spaces are skipped because of our $delim, 2 use -of quotes to include a space in a word, 3 use of a backslash to include a -space in a word, 4 use of a backslash to remove the special meaning of a -double-quote, 5 another simple word (note the lack of effect of the -backslashed double-quote) - =item AUTHORS =back @@ -12381,7 +14311,7 @@ backslashed double-quote) =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described by Knuth -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12398,7 +14328,7 @@ by Knuth =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12412,7 +14342,7 @@ unexpand(1) =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12427,7 +14357,9 @@ unexpand(1) =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) -=over +=over 4 + +=item CAVEAT =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12441,7 +14373,7 @@ cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield =item METHODS -join, eval, detach, equal, tid +join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done =item LIMITATIONS @@ -12451,7 +14383,7 @@ join, eval, detach, equal, tid =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12467,7 +14399,7 @@ new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12481,7 +14413,7 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12493,7 +14425,7 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12503,11 +14435,11 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item DESCRIPTION TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, @@ -12516,14 +14448,14 @@ SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST =item CAVEATS -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHOR =back =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12536,11 +14468,13 @@ EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this =item MORE INFORMATION +=item COMPATIBILITY + =back =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12557,7 +14491,7 @@ this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12576,7 +14510,7 @@ this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12590,19 +14524,46 @@ TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEATS + +=back + +=head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution ualarm, usleep, and gettimeofday + +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, +$interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), +alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer, +getitimer ( $which ) + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item C API + =item CAVEATS +=item AUTHORS + +=item REVISION + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12614,10 +14575,94 @@ TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this =back +=head2 Time::Piece - Object Oriented time objects + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USAGE + +=over 4 + +=item Local Locales + +=item Date Calculations + +=item Date Comparisons + +=item YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss + +=item Week Number + +=item strftime method + +%%, %a, %A, %b, %B, %c, %C, %d, %D, %e, %h, %H, %I, %j, %m, %M, %n, %p, %r, +%R, %S, %t, %T, %u, %U, %V, %w, %W, %x, %y, %Y, %Z + +=item strptime function + +=item Global Overriding + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=over 4 + +=item License + +=item Bugs + +=back + +=back + +=head2 Time::Piece::Seconds, Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert +seconds to other date values + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LICENSE + +=item Bugs + +=back + +=head2 Time::Seconds - a simple API to convert seconds to other date values + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LICENSE + +=item Bugs + +=back + =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12632,7 +14677,7 @@ function =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12646,7 +14691,7 @@ function =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12658,7 +14703,7 @@ function =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references) -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12672,7 +14717,7 @@ VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD ) =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12687,13 +14732,13 @@ functions =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item System Specifics @@ -12711,11 +14756,11 @@ March 18th, 2000 =head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 =item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions @@ -12727,11 +14772,10 @@ Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, -PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown(MACHINE, -MESSAGE, TIMEOUT, FORCECLOSE, REBOOT), Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), -Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), Win32::LoginName(), -Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, SIDTYPE), -Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), +PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown, +Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), +Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, +SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(), Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, @@ -12741,9 +14785,27 @@ PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) =back +=head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item NOTES + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -12758,7 +14820,7 @@ PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they don't all have manual pages yet: -=over +=over 4 =item a2p