X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=4fabc2036bcee781b40ac6433f2efcfdda208d29;hb=4e9dada01dea61250de18f52c49ec01866133705;hp=3f86e677e52f87a47f14e0f0d1da0a5cc8d8f7a1;hpb=758a5d7997f283f8e3786c3e353533cc466d5004;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index 3f86e67..4fabc20 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -1,4 +1,8 @@ +# !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!! +# This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods. +# Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes. + =head1 NAME perltoc - perl documentation table of contents @@ -17,6 +21,24 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 + +=item Overview + +=item Tutorials + +=item Reference Manual + +=item Internals and C Language Interface + +=item Miscellaneous + +=item Language-Specific + +=item Platform-Specific + +=back + =item DESCRIPTION =item AVAILABILITY @@ -37,8 +59,7 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =back -=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 -20:38:02 $) +=head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl =over 4 @@ -46,265 +67,310 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =over 4 -=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. +=item What is Perl? -=item L: General Questions About Perl +=item Running Perl programs -=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl +=item Basic syntax overview -=item L: Programming Tools +=item Perl variable types -=item L: Data Manipulation +Scalars, Arrays, Hashes -=item L: Files and Formats +=item Variable scoping -=item L: Regexps +=item Conditional and looping constructs -=item L: General Perl Language Issues +if, while, for, foreach -=item L: System Interaction +=item Builtin operators and functions -=item L: Networking +Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic, +Miscellaneous -=back +=item Files and I/O -=item About the perlfaq documents +=item Regular expressions -=over 4 +Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions, +Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features -=item Where to get the perlfaq +=item Writing subroutines -=item How to contribute to the perlfaq +=item OO Perl -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=item Using Perl modules =back -=item Credits +=item AUTHOR -=item Author and Copyright Information +=back + +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references =over 4 -=item Bundled Distributions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Disclaimer +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? -=back +=item The Solution -=item Changes +=item Syntax + +=over 4 + +=item Making References + +=item Using References + +=item An Example -1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, -24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, -Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item Arrow Rule =back -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=item Solution + +=item The Rest + +=item Summary + +=item Credits =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Distribution Conditions =back -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=back + +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs -=item Declarations +=item REFERENCES -=item Simple statements +=item COMMON MISTAKES -=item Compound statements +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE -=item Loop Control +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C -=item For Loops +=item DEBUGGING -=item Foreach Loops +=item CODE EXAMPLES -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=item Goto +=over 4 -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=back +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS =back -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Variable names +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Context +=back -=item Scalar values +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=item Scalar value constructors +=over 4 -=item List value constructors +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Slices +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item HASHES OF HASHES + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES + +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES + +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=over 4 +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=back -=item The Arrow Operator +=item Database Ties -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item SEE ALSO -=item Exponentiation +=item AUTHOR -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=back -=item Binding Operators +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl -=item Multiplicative Operators +=over 4 -=item Additive Operators +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Shift Operators +=over 4 -=item Named Unary Operators +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays -=item Relational Operators +=item Growing Your Own -=item Equality Operators +=item Access and Printing -=item Bitwise And +=item Slices -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=back -=item C-style Logical And +=item SEE ALSO -=item C-style Logical Or +=item AUTHOR -=item Range Operators +=back -=item Conditional Operator +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=item Assignment Operators +=over 4 -=item Comma Operator +=item DESCRIPTION -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=item The Guide -=item Logical Not +=over 4 -=item Logical And +=item Simple word matching -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=item Using character classes -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +=item Matching this or that -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=item Extracting matches -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=item Matching repetitions -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds +=item More matching -=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs +=item Search and replace -Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, -C<<<'EOF'>, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, -C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, -C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=item The split operator -=item I/O Operators +=back -=item Constant Folding +=item BUGS -=item Bitwise String Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Integer Arithmetic +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +=over 4 -=item Bigger Numbers +=item Acknowledgments =back =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION +=item Part 1: The basics + =over 4 -=item Private Variables via my() +=item Simple word matching -=item Persistent Private Variables +=item Using character classes -=item Temporary Values via local() +=item Matching this or that -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=item Extracting matches -=item When to Still Use local() +=item Matching repetitions -=item Pass by Reference +=item Building a regexp -=item Prototypes +=item Using regular expressions in Perl -=item Constant Functions +=back -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=item Part 2: Power tools -=item Autoloading +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Attributes +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes + +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions + +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression + +=item Non-capturing groupings + +=item Looking ahead and looking behind + +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking + +=item Conditional expressions + +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression + +=item Pragmas and debugging =back +=item BUGS + =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments + =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=back + +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial =over 4 @@ -312,299 +378,243 @@ regular expressions =over 4 -=item Perl Functions by Category - -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=item If we could talk to the animals... -=item Portability +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Invoking a barnyard -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, -chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, -connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, -dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete -EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, -each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, -exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, -fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, -getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam -NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname -NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, -getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, -goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, -import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, -last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, -link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, -lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, -mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, -msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : -ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open -FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, -open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR -: ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe -READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE -LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, -LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, -qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, -rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, -recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort -BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice -ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf -FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, -substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +=item The extra parameter of method invocation -=back +=item Calling a second method to simplify things -=back +=item Inheriting the windpipes -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=item A few notes about @ISA -=over 4 +=item Overriding the methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Starting the search from a different place -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=item The SUPER way of doing things -=item The Solution +=item Where we're at so far... -=item Syntax +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? -=over 4 +=item Invoking an instance method -=item Making References +=item Accessing the instance data -=item Using References +=item How to build a horse -=back +=item Inheriting the constructor -=item An Example +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances -=item Arrow Rule +=item Adding parameters to a method -=item Solution +=item More interesting instances -=item The Rest +=item A horse of a different color =item Summary -=item Credits - -=over 4 +=back -=item Distribution Conditions +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +=item Creating a Class -=item REFERENCES +=over 4 -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=item Object Representation -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +=item Class Interface -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C +=item Constructors and Instance Methods -=item DEBUGGING +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Destructors -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +=item Other Object Methods + +=back + +=item Class Data =over 4 -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Accessing Class Data + +=item Debugging Methods -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Class Destructors -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Documenting the Interface =back -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS +=item Aggregation + +=item Inheritance =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Overridden Methods -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Multiple Inheritance -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects =back -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item Alternate Object Representations =over 4 -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Arrays as Objects -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Closures as Objects =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Autoloaded Data Methods -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods =back -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item Metaclassical Tools =over 4 -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Class::Struct -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Data Members as Variables =back -=item Database Ties +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Object Terminology + +=back =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments =back -=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start +=back + +=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Guide +=item Class Data in a Can + +=item Class Data as Package Variables =over 4 -=item Simple word matching +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket -=item Using character classes +=item Inheritance Concerns -=item Matching this or that +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=item Indirect References to Class Data -=item Extracting matches +=item Monadic Classes -=item Matching repetitions +=item Translucent Attributes -=item More matching +=back -=item Search and replace +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables -=item The split operator +=over 4 + +=item Privacy and Responsibility + +=item File-Scoped Lexicals + +=item More Inheritance Concerns + +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key + +=item Translucency Revisited =back -=item BUGS +=item NOTES =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 - -=item Acknowledgments +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=back +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item OO SCALING TIPS -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Command Paragraph +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Ordinary Block of Text +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE -=item The Intent +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS -=item Common Pod Pitfalls +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM -=back +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE -=item SEE ALSO +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT -=item AUTHOR +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR + +=item DELEGATION + +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -616,6 +626,26 @@ more elaborate constructs =back +=head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The sheet + +=back + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary =over 4 @@ -626,7 +656,7 @@ more elaborate constructs =item Awk Traps -=item C Traps +=item C/C++ Traps =item Sed Traps @@ -649,7 +679,7 @@ Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance =item Parsing Traps -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing =item Numerical Traps @@ -673,7 +703,7 @@ Precedence Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +Regular Expression, Regular Expression =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps @@ -701,51 +731,42 @@ LIMIT specified =back -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item use strict -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=item Looking at data and -w and v -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +=item help -=item Location of Perl +=item Stepping through code -=item Command Switches +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, -B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], -B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS -=back +=item OUTPUT TIPS -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item CGI -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, -PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) +=item GUIs -=back +=item SUMMARY -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings +=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2003/01/31 +17:37:17 $) =over 4 @@ -753,125 +774,112 @@ PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) =over 4 -=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings - -=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> - -=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line - -B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> - -=item Backward Compatibility - -=item Category Hierarchy +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item Fatal Warnings +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -=item Reporting Warnings from a Module +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors =back -=item TODO +=item Credits -=item SEE ALSO +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Bundled Distributions -=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial +=item Disclaimer -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Table of Contents -=item use strict +perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 +- Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 +- Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular +Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System +Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking -=item Looking at data and -w and w +=item The Questions -=item help +=over 4 -=item Stepping through code +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS +=item L: Programming Tools -=item OUTPUT TIPS +=item L: Data Manipulation -=item CGI +=item L: Files and Formats -=item GUIs +=item L: Regular Expressions -=item SUMMARY +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -=item SEE ALSO +=item L: System Interaction -=item AUTHOR +=item L: Networking -=item CONTRIBUTORS +=back =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.14 $, $Date: +2003/11/23 08:02:29 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger - =over 4 -=item Debugger Commands +=item What is Perl? -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? -=item Configurable Options +=item Which version of Perl should I use? -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item What are perl4 and perl5? -=item Debugger input/output +=item What is Ponie? -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing +=item What is perl6? -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item How stable is Perl? -=item Debugger Customization +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? -=item Readline Support +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? -=item The Perl Profiler +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? -=back +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? -=item Debugging memory usage +=item What is a JAPH? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? -=item BUGS +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language? =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.25 $, +$Date: 2003/10/16 04:57:38 $) =over 4 @@ -879,523 +887,524 @@ listing =over 4 -=item Predefined Names +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? -$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, -input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, -input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, -autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", -$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE -EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as -C, C<$&> is the same as C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same -as C, C<$2> is the same as -C, C<$3> is the same as C, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, -format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, -format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, -$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, -$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, -$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, -$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, -$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, -$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, -$OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, -0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, -$BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, -${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, -%INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? -=item Error Indicators +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. -=back +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? -=item BUGS +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? -=back +=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=item Where can I get information on Perl? -=over 4 +=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where should I post source code? -=over 4 +=item Perl Books -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics -=item Growing Your Own +=item Perl in Magazines -=item Access and Printing +=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access -=item Slices +=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? -=back +=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? -=item AUTHOR +=item Where do I send bug reports? -=back +=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? -=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl +=back -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item Open E la shell +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.37 $, $Date: 2003/11/24 +19:55:50 $) =over 4 -=item Simple Opens +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Pipe Opens +=over 4 -=item The Minus File +=item How do I do (anything)? -=item Mixing Reads and Writes +=item How can I use Perl interactively? -=item Filters +=item Is there a Perl shell? -=back +=item How do I find which modules are installed on my system? -=item Open E la C +=item How do I debug my Perl programs? -=over 4 +=item How do I profile my Perl programs? -=item Permissions E la mode +=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? -=back +=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? -=item Obscure Open Tricks +=item Is there a ctags for Perl? -=over 4 +=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? -=item Re-Opening Files (dups) +Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl, +GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha -=item Dispelling the Dweomer +=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? -=item Paths as Opens +=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? -=item Single Argument Open +=item How can I use curses with Perl? -=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT +=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? -=back +=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? -=item Other I/O Issues +=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? -=over 4 +=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? -=item Opening Non-File Files +Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and +stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk -=item Binary Files +=item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data? -=item File Locking +=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? -=back +=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT +=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? -=item HISTORY +=item How can I compile Perl into Java? -=back +=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? -=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial +=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? -=over 4 +=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? -=item Part 1: The basics +=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? -=over 4 +=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] -=item Simple word matching +=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in +my C program; what am I doing wrong? -=item Using character classes +=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? -=item Matching this or that +=item What's MakeMaker? -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=back -=item Extracting matches +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Matching repetitions +=back -=item Building a regexp +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.54 $, $Date: 2003/11/30 +00:50:08 $) -=item Using regular expressions in Perl +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Part 2: Power tools +=item Data: Numbers =over 4 -=item More on characters, strings, and character classes +=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the +numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? -=item Compiling and saving regular expressions +=item Why is int() broken? -=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression +=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? -=item Non-capturing groupings +=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? +Trig functions? -=item Looking ahead and looking behind +=item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes? -=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking +How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to +hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from +decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert +from decimal to binary -=item Conditional expressions +=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? -=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression +=item How do I multiply matrices? -=item Pragmas and debugging +=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? -=back +=item How can I output Roman numerals? -=item BUGS +=item Why aren't my random numbers random? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I get a random number between X and Y? -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=back + +=item Data: Dates =over 4 -=item Acknowledgments +=item How do I find the day or week of the year? -=back +=item How do I find the current century or millennium? -=back +=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? -=over 4 +=item How can I find the Julian Day? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I find yesterday's date? -i, m, s, x +=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? -=over 4 +=back -=item Regular Expressions +=item Data: Strings -cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +=over 4 -=item Extended Patterns +=item How do I validate input? -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item How do I unescape a string? -=item Backtracking +=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item How do I expand function calls in a string? -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item How do I reverse a string? -=item Combining pieces together +=item How do I expand tabs in a string? -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item How do I reformat a paragraph? -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item How can I access or change N characters of a string? -=back +=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? -=item BUGS +=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a +string? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? -=back +=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside +[character]? -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? -=over 4 +=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? -=item NOTE +=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? -=over 4 +=item How can I expand variables in text strings? -=item Making References +=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? -=item Using References +=item Why don't my EEHERE documents work? -=item Symbolic references +There must be no space after the EE part, There (probably) should +be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of +the tag -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=back -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item Data: Arrays -=item Function Templates +=over 4 -=back +=item What is the difference between a list and an array? -=item WARNING +=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -=back +a), b), c), d), e) -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or +array? -=over 4 +=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the +intersection of two arrays? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? -=over 4 +=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? -=item Format Variables +=item How do I handle linked lists? -=back +=item How do I handle circular lists? -=item NOTES +=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? -=over 4 +=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? -=item Footers +=item How do I select a random element from an array? -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +=item How do I permute N elements of a list? -=back +=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? -=item WARNINGS +=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? + +=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? =back -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I process an entire hash? -=over 4 +=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over +it? -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=item How do I look up a hash element by value? -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? -=item Invoking a barnyard +=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? -=item Overriding the methods +=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? -=item Starting the search from a different place +=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? -=item Where we're at so far... +=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create +it? -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or +array of hashes or arrays? -=item Invoking an instance method +=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? -=item Accessing the instance data +=back -=item How to build a horse +=item Data: Misc -=item Inheriting the constructor +=over 4 -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item How do I handle binary data correctly? -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? -=item More interesting instances +=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? -=item A horse of a different color +=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? -=item Summary +=item How do I define methods for every class/object? -=back +=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? -=item COPYRIGHT +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.30 $, $Date: 2003/11/23 +08:07:46 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Creating a Class - =over 4 -=item Object Representation +=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? -=item Class Interface +=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a +line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program? -=item Destructors +=item How do I make a temporary file name? -=item Other Object Methods +=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? -=back +=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass +filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? -=item Class Data +=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? -=over 4 +=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? -=item Accessing Class Data +=item How can I write() into a string? -=item Debugging Methods +=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? -=item Class Destructors +=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? -=item Documenting the Interface +=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? -=back +=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use +E*E? -=item Aggregation +=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? -=item Inheritance +=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? -=over 4 +=item How can I reliably rename a file? -=item Overridden Methods +=item How can I lock a file? -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item Why can't I just open(FH, "Efile.lock")? -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in +the file. How can I do this? -=back +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? -=item Alternate Object Representations +=item How do I randomly update a binary file? -=over 4 +=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? -=item Arrays as Objects +=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? -=item Closures as Objects +=item How do I print to more than one file at once? -=back +=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? -=over 4 +=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How do I do a C in perl? -=back +=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? -=over 4 +=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't +`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? -=item Class::Struct +=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? -=item Data Members as Variables +=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber +protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? -=back +=item How do I select a random line from a file? -=item NOTES +=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? -=over 4 +=back -=item Object Terminology +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2003/01/03 +20:05:28 $) -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Acknowledgments - -=back +=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible +and unmaintainable code? -=back +Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters -=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? -=over 4 +=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on +different lines? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=item Class Data in a Can +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving +case on the RHS? -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? -=over 4 +=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? -=item Inheritance Concerns +=item What is C really for? -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a +file? -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? -=item Monadic Classes +=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item Translucent Attributes +=item How do I process each word on each line? -=back +=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item How can I do approximate matching? -=over 4 +=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? -=item Translucency Revisited +=item What's wrong with using grep in a void context? -=back +=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? -=item NOTES +=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? -=item SEE ALSO +=back =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - -=item HISTORY - =back -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: +2003/07/24 02:17:21 $) =over 4 @@ -1403,890 +1412,972 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item An Object is Simply a Reference +=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to +use them? -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and +commas? -=item Method Invocation +=item How do I skip some return values? -=item Indirect Object Syntax +=item How do I temporarily block warnings? -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item What's an extension? -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? -=item Destructors +=item How do I declare/create a structure? -=item Summary +=item How do I create a module? -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=item How do I create a class? -=back +=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? -=item SEE ALSO +=item What's a closure? -=back +=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, +Regex}? -=over 4 +Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, +Passing Methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I create a static variable? -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? +Between local() and my()? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical +is in scope? -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = EFILEE;" work right? -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +=item How do I create a switch or case statement? -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or +methods? -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item How can I find out my current package? -=item DELEGATION +=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? + +=item How do I clear a package? + +=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? + +=item What does "bad interpreter" mean? =back -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 2003/01/26 +17:44:04 $) + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Tying Scalars +=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How come exec() doesn't return? -=item Tying Arrays +=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, -key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, -UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY -this +Keyboard, Screen, Mouse -=item Tying Hashes +=item How do I print something out in color? -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this +=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? -=item Tying FileHandles +=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How do I clear the screen? -=item UNTIE this +=item How do I get the screen size? -=item The C Gotcha +=item How do I ask the user for a password? -=back +=item How do I read and write the serial port? -=item SEE ALSO +lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input -=item BUGS +=item How do I decode encrypted password files? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I start a process in the background? -=back +STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=item How do I trap control characters/signals? -=over 4 +=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I set the time and date? -=item Signals +=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? -=item Named Pipes +=item How can I measure time under a second? -=over 4 +=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -=item WARNING +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? -=back +=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? -=item Using open() for IPC +=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? -=over 4 +=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? -=item Filehandles +=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? -=item Background Processes +=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? -=back +=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, +^Z on MS-DOS)? -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? -=over 4 +=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item How can I write expect in Perl? -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as +"ps"? -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How +come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my +changes to be visible? -=back +Unix -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to +complete? -=over 4 +=item How do I fork a daemon process? -=item A Simple Client +=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? -C, C, C +=item How do I timeout a slow event? -=item A Webget Client +=item How do I set CPU limits? -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? -=back +=item How do I use an SQL database? -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=item How do I open a file without blocking? -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item How do I install a module from CPAN? -=item SysV IPC +=item What's the difference between require and use? -=item NOTES +=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? -=item BUGS +=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library +search path? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime? -=item SEE ALSO +=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? =back -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) - -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2003/01/31 17:36:57 +$) =over 4 -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes - -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets - -=item Resource limits +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Killing the parent process +=over 4 -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +Server Error) -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? -=back +=item How do I remove HTML from a string? -=item BUGS +=item How do I extract URLs? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a +file on another machine? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? -=back +=item How do I fetch an HTML file? -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? -=over 4 +=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item How do I redirect to another page? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I put a password on my web pages? -=item Storing numbers +=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my +CGI script to do bad things? -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=item How do I parse a mail header? -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item How do I decode a CGI form? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I check a valid mail address? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? -=back +=item How do I return the user's mail address? -=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl +=item How do I send mail? -=over 4 +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I read mail? -=item What Is A Thread Anyway? +=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? -=item Threaded Program Models +=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? -=over 4 +=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? -=item Boss/Worker +=item How can I do RPC in Perl? -=item Work Crew +=back -=item Pipeline +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item Native threads - -=item What kind of threads are perl threads? +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax -=item Threadsafe Modules +=over 4 -=item Thread Basics +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Basic Thread Support +=item Declarations -=item Creating Threads +=item Comments -=item Giving up control +=item Simple Statements -=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit +=item Truth and Falsehood -=item Errors In Threads +=item Statement Modifiers -=item Ignoring A Thread +=item Compound Statements -=back +=item Loop Control -=item Threads And Data +=item For Loops -=over 4 +=item Foreach Loops -=item Shared And Unshared Data +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements -=item Thread Pitfall: Races +=item Goto -=item Controlling access: lock() +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation -=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) -=item Queues: Passing Data Around +=back =back -=item Threads And Code +=head2 perldata - Perl data types =over 4 -=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access - -Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Locks +=item Variable names -=item Methods +=item Context -=item Locking A Subroutine +=item Scalar values -=back +=item Scalar value constructors -=item General Thread Utility Routines +=item List value constructors -=over 4 +=item Subscripts -=item What Thread Am I In? +=item Slices -=item Thread IDs +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles -=item Are These Threads The Same? +=back -=item What Threads Are Running? +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item A Complete Example +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence -=item Conclusion +=over 4 -=item Bibliography +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Introductory Texts +=item Operator Precedence and Associativity -=item OS-Related References +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) -=item Other References +=item The Arrow Operator -=back +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement -=item Acknowledgements +=item Exponentiation -=item AUTHOR +=item Symbolic Unary Operators -=item Copyrights +=item Binding Operators -=back +=item Multiplicative Operators -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=item Additive Operators -=over 4 +=item Shift Operators -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Named Unary Operators -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item Relational Operators -=item ISSUES +=item Equality Operators -=over 4 +=item Bitwise And -=item Newlines +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item C-style Logical And -=item Files and Filesystems +=item C-style Logical Or -=item System Interaction +=item C-style Logical Defined-Or -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +=item Range Operators -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=item Conditional Operator -=item Standard Modules +=item Assignment Operators -=item Time and Date +=item Comma Operator -=item Character sets and character encoding +=item List Operators (Rightward) -=item Internationalisation +=item Logical Not -=item System Resources +=item Logical And -=item Security +=item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or -=item Style +=item C Operators Missing From Perl -=back +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) -=item CPAN Testers +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators -=item PLATFORMS +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, +C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, +C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions -=item DOS and Derivatives +=item I/O Operators -=item S +=item Constant Folding -=item VMS +=item Bitwise String Operators -=item VOS +=item Integer Arithmetic -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=item Floating-point Arithmetic -=item Acorn RISC OS +=item Bigger Numbers -=item Other perls +=back =back -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines =over 4 -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item SYNOPSIS --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, -getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, -getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr -ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, -getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, -setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, -setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, -endprotoent, endservent, exit EXPR, exit, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, -glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link -OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, -msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open -FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink -EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, -semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item CHANGES +=item Private Variables via my() -v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, -v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 -May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February -1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September -1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, -v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 +=item Persistent Private Variables -=item Supported Platforms +=item Temporary Values via local() -=item SEE ALSO +=item Lvalue subroutines -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL -=item VERSION +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) -=back +=item When to Still Use local() -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=item Pass by Reference -=over 4 +=item Prototypes -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Constant Functions -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES +=item Overriding Built-in Functions -=item USING LOCALES +=item Autoloading -=over 4 +=item Subroutine Attributes -=item The use locale pragma +=back -=item The setlocale function +=item SEE ALSO -=item Finding locales +=back -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=over 4 -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=over 4 -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item Perl Functions by Category -=item The localeconv function +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 -=item I18N::Langinfo +=item Portability + +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions + +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless +REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp( +LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map +EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget +KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my +TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no +Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct +EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, +opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : +ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, +package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, +print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, +printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, +qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, +rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, +readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, +ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, +require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir +DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, +rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir +DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, +semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair +SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, +sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, +splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format +parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum +width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat +FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME +(PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use +Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use +VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid +PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// =back -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=back + +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl =over 4 -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item Open E la shell -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=over 4 -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=item Simple Opens -=item LC_TIME +=item Indirect Filehandles -=item Other categories +=item Pipe Opens -=back +=item The Minus File -=item SECURITY +=item Mixing Reads and Writes -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item Filters -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG +=back -=item NOTES +=item Open E la C =over 4 -=item Backward compatibility +=item Permissions E la mode -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +=back -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +=item Obscure Open Tricks -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=over 4 -=item Freely available locale definitions +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) -=item I18n and l10n +=item Dispelling the Dweomer -=item An imperfect standard +=item Paths as Opens + +=item Single Argument Open + +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT =back -=item BUGS +=item Other I/O Issues =over 4 -=item Broken systems +=item Opening Non-File Files + +=item Opening Named Pipes + +=item Opening Sockets + +=item Binary Files + +=item File Locking + +=item IO Layers =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT =item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl +=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Important Caveats - -Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed -to enable a few features +=item The Basic Principle -=item Byte and Character semantics +=item Packing Text -=item Effects of character semantics +=item Packing Numbers -=item Scripts +=over 4 -=item Blocks +=item Integers -=item Character encodings for input and output +=item Unpacking a Stack Frame -=back +=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net -=item CAVEATS +=item Byte-order modifiers -=item SEE ALSO +=item Floating point Numbers =back -=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms +=item Exotic Templates =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Bit Strings -=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item Uuencoding -=over 4 +=item Doing Sums -=item ASCII +=item Unicode -=item ISO 8859 +=item Another Portable Binary Encoding -=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) +=back -=item EBCDIC +=item Template Grouping -=item 13 variant characters +=item Lengths and Widths -=item 0037 +=over 4 -=item 1047 +=item String Lengths -=item POSIX-BC +=item Dynamic Templates -=item Unicode and UTF +=item Counting Repetitions =back -=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES - -recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 +=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures -=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS +=over 4 -=item CONVERSIONS +=item The Alignment Pit -=over 4 +=item Dealing with Endian-ness -=item tr/// +=item Alignment, Take 2 -=item iconv +=item Alignment, Take 3 -=item C RTL +=item Pointers for How to Use Them =back -=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES - -=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES +=item Pack Recipes -chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() +=item Funnies Section -=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES +=item Authors -=item SOCKETS +=back -=item SORTING +=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format =over 4 -=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. +=item DESCRIPTION -=item MONO CASE then sort data. +=over 4 -=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. +=item Ordinary Paragraph -=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. +=item Verbatim Paragraph -=back +=item Command Paragraph -=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS +C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item +I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end +I>, C<=for I I>, C<=encoding +I> -=over 4 +=item Formatting Codes -=item URL decoding and encoding +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used +for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, +Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null +(zero-effect) formatting code -=item uu encoding and decoding +=item The Intent -=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules -=item Caesarian ciphers +=item Hints for Writing Pod =back -=item Hashing order and checksums +=item SEE ALSO -=item I18N AND L10N +=item AUTHOR -=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS +=back -=item OS ISSUES +=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and +notes =over 4 -=item OS/400 +=item DESCRIPTION -IFS access +=item Pod Definitions -=item OS/390, z/OS +=item Pod Commands -chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales +"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", +"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", +"=encoding encodingname" -=item VM/ESA? +=item Pod Formatting Codes -=item POSIX-BC? +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for +filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a +null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text +contains non-breaking spaces -=back +=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors -=item BUGS +=item About LE...E Codes -=item SEE ALSO +First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: -=item REFERENCES +=item About =over...=back Regions -=item HISTORY +=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +=item Location of Perl -=item Security Bugs +=item Command Switches -=item Protecting Your Programs +B<-0>[I], B<-A [I]>, B<-a>, B<-C +[I]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, B<-D>I, +B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, B<-h>, +B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], +B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, +B<-X>, B<-x>, B<-x> I =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item ENVIRONMENT + +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap, +:perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB, +PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, +PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_DL_NONLAZY, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, +PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, +PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) =back -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=back -=item Packages +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings -=item Symbol Tables +=over 4 -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Perl Classes +=over 4 -=item Perl Modules +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings -=item Making your module threadsafe +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> -=back +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line -=item SEE ALSO +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> -=back +=item Backward Compatibility -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=item Category Hierarchy -=over 4 +=item Fatal Warnings -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +=back -=over 4 +=item TODO -=item Pragmatic Modules +=item SEE ALSO -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload, -re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings, warnings::register +=item AUTHOR -=item Standard Modules +=back -AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, -B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, -B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, -B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, -CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, -CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, -Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, -Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, -Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, -ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, -ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, -ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, -ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, -File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, -File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, -File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, -Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, -I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, -Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, -Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, -Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, -Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, -Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, -Memoize::Saves, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, -Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, -Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, -Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, -Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, -Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, -Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, -Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, -Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, -Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Test::More, -Test::Simple, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, -Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, -Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, Tie::Array, -Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, -Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, UnicodeCD, -User::grent, User::pwent, Win32 +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging -=item Extension Modules +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CPAN +=item The Perl Debugger =over 4 -=item Africa +=item Debugger Commands -=item Asia +h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y +[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l +min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, +?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b +subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b +compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W +expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ +command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [ +command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source +file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man +[manpage] -=item Central America +=item Configurable Options -=item Europe +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item North America +=item Debugger input/output -=item Oceania +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing -=item South America +=item Debugging compile-time statements -=back +=item Debugger Customization -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=item Readline Support -=over 4 +=item Editor Support for Debugging -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=item The Perl Profiler -Adding a Copyright Notice +=back -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=item Debugging memory usage -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item NOTE +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables =over 4 @@ -2294,60 +2385,97 @@ Adding a Copyright Notice =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE - -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=item Predefined Names -=back +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, +HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, +IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, +IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, +$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, +HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, +HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, +HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, +@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as +C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> +is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as +C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), +$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, +$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, +$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, +$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, +$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), +$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, +$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, +${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, +$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, +$PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, +ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, +$SIG{expr} -=item PORTABILITY +=item Error Indicators -=item HEY +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names -=item AUTHOR +=back -=item COPYRIGHT +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +i, m, s, x + =over 4 -=item Warning +=item Regular Expressions -=item What should I make into a module? +[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit -=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground +=item Extended Patterns -Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> -=item Step-by-step: Making the module +=item Backtracking -Start with F, Use L and L, Use -L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions -=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 -Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the -tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring + +=item Combining pieces together + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> + +=item Creating custom RE engines =back -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) +=head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference =over 4 @@ -2355,830 +2483,827 @@ tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! =over 4 -=item What is Perl? - -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? - -=item Which version of Perl should I use? - -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=item OPERATORS -=item What is perl6? +=item SYNTAX -=item How stable is Perl? +=item ESCAPE SEQUENCES -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +=item CHARACTER CLASSES -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +=item ANCHORS -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +=item QUANTIFIERS -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +=item VARIABLES -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=item FUNCTIONS -=item What is a JAPH? +=item TERMINOLOGY -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +=back -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? +=item AUTHOR -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item THANKS =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, -$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures =over 4 +=item NOTE + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? +=item Making References -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? +=item Using References -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? +=item Symbolic references -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. +=item Not-so-symbolic references -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +=item Function Templates -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? +=back -=item Where can I get information on Perl? +=item WARNING -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? +=item SEE ALSO -=item Where should I post source code? +=back -=item Perl Books +=head2 perlform - Perl formats -References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics +=over 4 -=item Perl in Magazines +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access +=over 4 -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? +=item Text Fields -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc +=item Numeric Fields -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? +=item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text -=item Where do I send bug reports? +=item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? +=item Specifying Values -=back +=item Using Fill Mode -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void -=back +=item Repeating Format Lines -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) +=item Top of Form Processing -=over 4 +=item Format Variables -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item NOTES =over 4 -=item How do I do (anything)? +=item Footers -=item How can I use Perl interactively? +=item Accessing Formatting Internals -=item Is there a Perl shell? +=back -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? +=item WARNINGS -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? +=back -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? +=over 4 -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +=over 4 -Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, -CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, -MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha +=item An Object is Simply a Reference -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? +=item A Class is Simply a Package -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine -=item How can I use curses with Perl? +=item Method Invocation -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? +=item Indirect Object Syntax -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods -=item What is undump? +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? +=item Destructors -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +=item Summary -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? +=back -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? +=back -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? +=over 4 -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? +=over 4 -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? +=item Tying Scalars -=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] +=item Tying Arrays -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program; what am I doing wrong? +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it -mean? +=item Tying Hashes -=item What's MakeMaker? +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, SCALAR this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this + +=item Tying FileHandles + +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this + +=item UNTIE this + +=item The C Gotcha =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -20:37:49 $) +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION -=item Data: Numbers +B, B, B, +B =over 4 -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? +=item The Filter -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. -=item How do I convert bits into ints? +=back -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I multiply matrices? +=item AUTHOR -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? +=back -=item How can I output Roman numerals? +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Data: Dates +=item Signals =over 4 -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? +=item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? - -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? +=back -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? +=item Named Pipes -=item How can I find the Julian Day? +=over 4 -=item How do I find yesterday's date? +=item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals) -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? +Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as +"faults", Signals triggered by operating system state =back -=item Data: Strings +=item Using open() for IPC =over 4 -=item How do I validate input? - -=item How do I unescape a string? - -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? +=item Filehandles -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? +=item Background Processes -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent -=item How do I reverse a string? +=item Safe Pipe Opens -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? +=back -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? +=over 4 -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? +=item Internet Line Terminators -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? +=back -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? +=over 4 -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? +=item A Simple Client -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? +C, C, C -=item Why don't my <, Other +mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string -=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or -array of hashes or arrays? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Data: Misc +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl =over 4 -=item How do I handle binary data correctly? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? +=item Status -=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? -=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? +=item Threaded Program Models -=item How do I define methods for every class/object? +=over 4 -=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? +=item Boss/Worker -=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? +=item Work Crew + +=item Pipeline =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item What kind of threads are Perl threads? -=back +=item Thread-Safe Modules -=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) +=item Thread Basics =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Basic Thread Support -=over 4 +=item A Note about the Examples -=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? +=item Creating Threads -=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a -line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit -=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? +=item Ignoring A Thread -=item How do I make a temporary file name? +=back -=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? +=item Threads And Data -=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? +=over 4 -=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? +=item Shared And Unshared Data -=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? +=item Thread Pitfalls: Races -=item How can I write() into a string? +=back -=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? +=item Synchronization and control -=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? +=over 4 -=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? +=item Controlling access: lock() -=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>? +=item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? +=item Queues: Passing Data Around -=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access -=item How can I reliably rename a file? +=item Basic semaphores -=item How can I lock a file? +=item Advanced Semaphores -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? +=item cond_wait() and cond_signal() -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? +=item Giving up control -=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a -file. Do I still have to use locking? +=back -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? +=item General Thread Utility Routines -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? +=over 4 -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? +=item What Thread Am I In? -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? +=item Thread IDs -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? +=item Are These Threads The Same? -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? +=item What Threads Are Running? -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? +=back -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? +=item A Complete Example -=item How do I do a C in perl? +=item Different implementations of threads -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? +=item Performance considerations -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? +=item Process-scope Changes -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? +=item Thread-Safety of System Libraries -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? +=item Conclusion -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? +=item Bibliography -=item How do I select a random line from a file? +=over 4 -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? +=item Introductory Texts -=back +=item OS-Related References -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Other References =back -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 - -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? - -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters +=item Acknowledgements -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? +=item Copyrights -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? +=back -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving -case on the RHS? +=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? +=over 4 -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? -=item What is C really for? +=item Threaded Program Models -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? +=over 4 -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? +=item Boss/Worker -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? +=item Work Crew -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item Pipeline -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? +=back -=item How can I do approximate matching? +=item Native threads -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? +=item What kind of threads are perl threads? -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? +=item Threadsafe Modules -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? +=item Thread Basics -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? +=over 4 -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? +=item Basic Thread Support -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? +=item Creating Threads -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? +=item Giving up control -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit -=back +=item Errors In Threads -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Ignoring A Thread =back -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) +=item Threads And Data =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Shared And Unshared Data -=over 4 +=item Thread Pitfall: Races -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? +=item Controlling access: lock() -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? +=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? +=item Queues: Passing Data Around -=item How do I skip some return values? +=back -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? +=item Threads And Code -=item What's an extension? +=over 4 -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access -=item How do I declare/create a structure? +Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores -=item How do I create a module? +=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines -=item How do I create a class? +=item Subroutine Locks -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? +=item Methods -=item What's a closure? +=item Locking A Subroutine -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? +=back -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? +=item General Thread Utility Routines -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods +=over 4 -=item How do I create a static variable? +=item What Thread Am I In? -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? +=item Thread IDs -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? +=item Are These Threads The Same? -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? +=item What Threads Are Running? -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? +=back -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? +=item A Complete Example -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? +=item Conclusion -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? +=item Bibliography -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? +=over 4 -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? +=item Introductory Texts -=item How can I find out my current package? +=item OS-Related References -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? +=item Other References -=item How do I clear a package? +=back -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? +=item Acknowledgements -=back +=item AUTHOR -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Copyrights =back -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -18:37:57 $) +=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I +portable + +=item ISSUES + =over 4 -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? +=item Newlines -=item How come exec() doesn't return? +=item Numbers endianness and Width -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? +=item Files and Filesystems -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse +=item System Interaction -=item How do I print something out in color? +=item Command names versus file pathnames -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? +=item Networking -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) -=item How do I clear the screen? +=item External Subroutines (XS) -=item How do I get the screen size? +=item Standard Modules -=item How do I ask the user for a password? +=item Time and Date -=item How do I read and write the serial port? +=item Character sets and character encoding -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input +=item Internationalisation -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? +=item System Resources -=item How do I start a process in the background? +=item Security -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies +=item Style -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? +=back -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? +=item CPAN Testers -=item How do I set the time and date? +Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: +http://testers.cpan.org/ -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? +=item PLATFORMS -=item How can I measure time under a second? +=over 4 -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) +=item Unix -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? +=item DOS and Derivatives -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? +=item S -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? +=item VMS -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? +=item VOS -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? +=item EBCDIC Platforms -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? +=item Acorn RISC OS -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? +=item Other perls -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? +=back -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? +=over 4 -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown +LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen +HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, +getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, +getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, +getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, +gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent +STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, +endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat +FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd +ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select +RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, +setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, +wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? +=back -=item How can I write expect in Perl? +=item CHANGES -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? - -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? +v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, +v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, +v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April +1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December +1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August +1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 -Unix +=item Supported Platforms -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I fork a daemon process? +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? +=back -=item How do I timeout a slow event? +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) -=item How do I set CPU limits? +=over 4 -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I use an SQL database? +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? +=item USING LOCALES -=item How do I open a file without blocking? +=over 4 -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? +=item The use locale pragma -=item What's the difference between require and use? +=item The setlocale function -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? +=item Finding locales -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? +=item Permanently fixing locale problems -=back +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Fixing system locale configuration -=back +=item The localeconv function -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 -$) +=item I18N::Langinfo -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES =over 4 -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) - -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types -=item How do I extract URLs? +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? +=item LC_TIME -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? +=item Other categories -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? +=back -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? +=item SECURITY -=item How do I redirect to another page? +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? +=item NOTES -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? +=over 4 -=item How do I parse a mail header? +=item Backward compatibility -=item How do I decode a CGI form? +=item I18N:Collate obsolete -=item How do I check a valid mail address? +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC -=item How do I return the user's mail address? +=item Freely available locale definitions -=item How do I send mail? +=item I18n and l10n -=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? +=item An imperfect standard -=item How do I read mail? +=back -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? +=item Unicode and UTF-8 -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? +=item BUGS -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? +=over 4 -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? +=item Broken systems =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator +=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction =over 4 @@ -3186,43 +3311,49 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =over 4 -=item Layout +=item Unicode -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref +=item Perl's Unicode Support -=back +=item Perl's Unicode Model -=item Using The Back Ends +=item Unicode and EBCDIC -=over 4 +=item Creating Unicode -=item The Cross Referencing Back End +=item Handling Unicode -i, &, s, r +=item Legacy Encodings -=item The Decompiling Back End +=item Unicode I/O -=item The Lint Back End +=item Displaying Unicode As Text -=item The Simple C Back End +=item Special Cases -=item The Bytecode Back End +=item Advanced Topics -=item The Optimized C Back End +=item Miscellaneous -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref +=item Questions With Answers + +=item Hexadecimal Notation + +=item Further Resources =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS + +=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE =back -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl =over 4 @@ -3230,194 +3361,189 @@ B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE - -B, B, B, B, B +=item Important Caveats -=item ROADMAP +Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C still needed to +enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts +autodetected, C needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings -=item Compiling your C program +=item Byte and Character Semantics -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program +=item Effects of Character Semantics -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=item Scripts -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +=item Blocks -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=item User-Defined Character Properties -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +=item Character Encodings for Input and Output -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +=item Unicode Encodings -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=item Security Implications of Unicode -=back +=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +=item Locales -=item MORAL +=item When Unicode Does Not Happen -=item AUTHOR +=item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl) -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Using Unicode in XS =back -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging +=item BUGS =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Interaction with Locales -=item Debugger Internals +=item Interaction with Extensions -=over 4 +=item Speed -=item Writing Your Own Debugger +=item Porting code from perl-5.6.X =back -=item Frame Listing Output Examples +=item SEE ALSO -=item Debugging regular expressions +=back -=over 4 +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms -=item Compile-time output +=over 4 -C I C I, C I C -I, C, C, C -I, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Types of nodes +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item Run-time output +=over 4 -=back +=item ASCII -=item Debugging Perl memory usage +=item ISO 8859 -=over 4 +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=item EBCDIC -C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C +=item 13 variant characters -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=item 0037 -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=item 1047 -=item B<-DL> details +=item POSIX-BC -C, C, C +=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics +=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC -=back +=item Unicode and UTF -=item SEE ALSO +=item Using Encode =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES -=over 4 +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item SPECIAL NOTES +=item CONVERSIONS =over 4 -=item make +=item tr/// -=item Version caveat +=item iconv -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=item C RTL =back -=item TUTORIAL +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES -=over 4 +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES -=item EXAMPLE 1 +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES -=item What has gone on? +=item SOCKETS -=item Writing good test scripts +=item SORTING -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=over 4 -=item What's new here? +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. -=item Input and Output Parameters +=item MONO CASE then sort data. -=item The XSUBPP Program +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. -=item Warning about Output Arguments +=back -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS -=item What has happened here? +=over 4 -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=item URL decoding and encoding -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +=item uu encoding and decoding -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding -=item The Argument Stack +=item Caesarian ciphers -=item Extending your Extension +=back -=item Documenting your Extension +=item Hashing order and checksums -=item Installing your Extension +=item I18N AND L10N -=item EXAMPLE 5 +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS -=item New Things in this Example +=item OS ISSUES -=item EXAMPLE 6 +=over 4 -=item New Things in this Example +=item OS/400 -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +PASE, IFS access -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=item OS/390, z/OS -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=item VM/ESA? + +=item POSIX-BC? =back -=item See also +=item BUGS -=item Author +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item REFERENCES -=item Last Changed +=item HISTORY -=back +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +=head2 perlsec - Perl security =over 4 @@ -3425,406 +3551,446 @@ C, C, C =over 4 -=item Introduction - -=item On The Road - -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data -=item The Argument Stack +=item Switches On the "#!" Line -=item The RETVAL Variable +=item Taint mode and @INC -=item The MODULE Keyword +=item Cleaning Up Your Path -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +=item Security Bugs -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=item Protecting Your Programs -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +=item Unicode -=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword +=item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks -=item The CODE: Keyword +=back -=item The INIT: Keyword +=item SEE ALSO -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=back -=item Initializing Function Parameters +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) -=item Default Parameter Values +=over 4 -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The INPUT: Keyword +=item Packages -=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords +=item Symbol Tables -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +=item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +=item Perl Classes -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +=item Perl Modules -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=item Making your module threadsafe -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=back -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item SEE ALSO -=item The POSTCALL: Keyword +=back -=item The BOOT: Keyword +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +=item Pragmatic Modules -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, +bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, +fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, +sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, +vmsish, warnings, warnings::register -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=item Standard Modules -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, +B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, +B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, +B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, +CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, +CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, +Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DB_File, Data::Dumper, +Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, +Digest::MD5, Digest::base, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, +Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, +Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, +Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, +Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, +Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, +Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, +Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, +ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, +ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, +ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, +ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, +ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, +ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, +ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, +ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, +File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, +File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, +File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, +File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, +FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, +IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, +IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, +IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, +Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, +Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, +MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, +Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, +Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, +Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, +Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, +Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, +Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, +Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, +PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, +Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, +Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, +Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, +Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, +Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer, +Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, +Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, +Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, +Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, +Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, +Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, +Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, +Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, +Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, +Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, +Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, +Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, +Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, +XSLoader -=item The CASE: Keyword +=item Extension Modules -=item The & Unary Operator +=back -=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=item CPAN -=item Using XS With C++ +=over 4 -=item Interface Strategy +=item Africa -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +South Africa -=item The Typemap +=item Asia -=back +China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi +Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand -=item EXAMPLES +=item Central America -=item XS VERSION +Costa Rica -=item AUTHOR +=item Europe -=back +Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech +Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, +Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, +Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, +Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom -=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions +=item North America -=over 4 +Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States, +Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, +Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, +North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, +Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Oceania -=over 4 +Australia, New Zealand, United States -=item Conventions +=item South America -C, C

, C, C +Argentina, Brazil, Chile -=item File Operations +=item RSYNC Mirrors -=item File Input and Output +=back -=item File Positioning +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse -=item Memory Management and String Handling +=over 4 -=item Character Class Tests +=item Guidelines for Module Creation -=item F functions +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules -=item Miscellaneous functions +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTE =back -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API +=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item INTRODUCTION -=item Variables +=item QUICK CHECKLIST =over 4 -=item Datatypes - -=item What is an "IV"? +=item Before you start -=item Working with SVs +=item The API -=item Offsets +=item Stability -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=item Documentation -=item Working with AVs +=item Release considerations -=item Working with HVs +=back -=item Hash API Extensions +=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE -=item References +=over 4 -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +=item Has it been done before? -=item Creating New Variables +=item Do one thing and do it well -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=item What's in a name? -=item Stashes and Globs +=back -=item Double-Typed SVs +=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE -=item Magic Variables +=over 4 -=item Assigning Magic +=item To OO or not to OO? -=item Magic Virtual Tables +=item Designing your API -=item Finding Magic +Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from +output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, +Parameter passing -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +=item Strictness and warnings -=item Localizing changes +=item Backwards compatibility -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, -C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, -C, C, C +=item Error handling and messages =back -=item Subroutines +=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE =over 4 -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack - -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs - -=item Memory Allocation - -=item PerlIO - -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +=item POD -=item Scratchpads +=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs -=item Scratchpads and recursion +perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, +perl Build test, perl Build install =back -=item Compiled code +=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS =over 4 -=item Code tree - -=item Examining the tree - -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +=item Version numbering -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item Pre-requisites -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +=item Testing -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item Packaging -=item Pluggable runops +=item Licensing =back -=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions - -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported +=item COMMON PITFALLS =over 4 -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT - -=item So what happened to dTHR? - -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item Reinventing the wheel -=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? +=item Trying to do too much -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +=item Inappropriate documentation =back -=item Internal Functions - -A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x - -=over 4 - -=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs +=item SEE ALSO -=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer +L, L, L, L, Packaging Tools, +Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software +engineering -=item Source Documentation +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Unicode Support +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules =over 4 -=item What B Unicode, anyway? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? +=over 4 -=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? +=item PREAMBLE -=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module -=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? +=back -=item Is there anything else I need to know? +=item PORTABILITY -=back +=item HEY -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program +=over 4 -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS +=item Warning -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv +=item What should I make into a module? -=item FLAG VALUES +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground -=over 4 - -=item G_VOID +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again -=item G_SCALAR +=item Step-by-step: Making the module -=item G_ARRAY +Start with F, Use L and L, Use +L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README -=item G_DISCARD +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module -=item G_NOARGS +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! -=item G_EVAL +=back -=item G_KEEPERR +=item AUTHOR -=item Determining the Context +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item EXAMPLES +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution =over 4 -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned - -=item Passing Parameters - -=item Returning a Scalar +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Returning a list of values +=over 4 -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +=item DOCUMENTATION -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +L, L and L, +L and L, L, +L, L, L, +L -=item Using G_EVAL +=item CONVERTORS -=item Using G_KEEPERR +L, L, L -=item Using call_sv +=item Administration -=item Using call_argv +L -=item Using call_method +=item Development -=item Using GIMME_V +L, L, L and L, +L, L, L -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=item SEE ALSO -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +=back -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +=back -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Layout -=item DATE +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref =back -=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution +=item Using The Back Ends =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The Cross Referencing Back End -=over 4 +i, &, s, r -=item DOCUMENTATION +=item The Decompiling Back End -L, L and L, -L and L, L, -L, L, L, -L +=item The Lint Back End -=item CONVERTORS +=item The Simple C Back End -L, L, L +=item The Bytecode Back End -=item Administration +=item The Optimized C Back End -L +=back -=item Development +=item Module List for the Compiler Suite -L, L, L and L, -L, L, L +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, +B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref -=item SEE ALSO +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=back +=item AUTHOR =back @@ -3852,6 +4018,10 @@ B =item CONCLUSION +=item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR + +Some Filters Clobber the C Handle + =item REQUIREMENTS =item AUTHOR @@ -3860,3022 +4030,8117 @@ B =back -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, -B - =over 4 -=item The Filter +=item PREAMBLE -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +B, B, B, B, B -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item ROADMAP -=back +=item Compiling your C program -=item SEE ALSO +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program -=item AUTHOR +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program -=back +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program -=over 4 +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter -AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, -av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, -ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK, -dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, -fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, getcwd_sv, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, -get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, GvSV, -gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, -gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, -HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, -HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, -hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, -hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, -hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, -isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, ix, LEAVE, load_module, -looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, -mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, -newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, -newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, -Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, -perl_clone, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, -PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, -POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, -PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, -SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, -strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, -SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, -SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, -SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, -SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, -SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, -SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, -SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, -SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, -SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, -SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, -SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, -SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool, -sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, -sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, -sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, -sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, -sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, -sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, -sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, -sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, -sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, -sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, -sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, -sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, -sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, -sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, -sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, -sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, -sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, -toUPPER, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, -utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, -uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, -XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, -XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, -XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero +=item Execution of END blocks -=item AUTHORS +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances -=item SEE ALSO +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program =back -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B - Perl functions - -=over 4 +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Hiding Perl_ -djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, -PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, report_uninit, start_glob, sv_add_arena, -sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas +=item MORAL -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item History and Background - -=item Layers vs Disciplines - -=item Data Structures - -1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance -data for a particular handle - -=item Functions and Attributes - -=item Per-instance Data +=item Debugger Internals -=item Layers in action. +=over 4 -=item Per-instance flag bits +=item Writing Your Own Debugger -PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, -PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, -PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, -PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS +=back -=item Methods in Detail +=item Frame Listing Output Examples - IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV - (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * -(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t -(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO -*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const -void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t -offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, -Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * -(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item Core Layers +=over 4 -"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" +=item Compile-time output -=item Extension Layers +C I C I, C I C +I, C, C, C +I, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" +=item Types of nodes -=back +=item Run-time output =back -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +=item Debugging Perl memory usage =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B - -=over 4 +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> -=item Co-existence with stdio +C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C -B, B, -B, B +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch -=item "Fast gets" Functions +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B +=item B<-DL> details -=item Other Functions +C, C, C -PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), -'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics =back +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item To do during 5.6.x +=item SPECIAL NOTES =over 4 -=item Support for I/O disciplines +=item make -=item Eliminate need for "use utf8"; +=item Version caveat -=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading -=item Autoload byte.pm +=back -=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work +=item TUTORIAL -=item Overloadable regex assertions +=over 4 -=item Unicode collation and normalization +=item EXAMPLE 1 -=item Unicode case mappings +=item EXAMPLE 2 -=item Unicode regular expression character classes +=item What has gone on? -=item use Thread for iThreads +=item Writing good test scripts -=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops +=item EXAMPLE 3 -=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads +=item What's new here? -=item Typed lexicals for compiler +=item Input and Output Parameters -=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 +=item The XSUBPP Program -=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler +=item The TYPEMAP file -=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling +=item Warning about Output Arguments -=item Cleaning up exported namespace +=item EXAMPLE 4 -=item Complete signal handling +=item What has happened here? -=item Out-of-source builds +=item Anatomy of .xs file -=item POSIX realtime support +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs -=item UNIX98 support +=item More about XSUB arguments -=item IPv6 Support +=item The Argument Stack -=item Long double conversion +=item Extending your Extension -=item Locales +=item Documenting your Extension -=item Thread-safe regexes +=item Installing your Extension -=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals +=item EXAMPLE 5 -=item POSIX Unicode character classes +=item New Things in this Example -=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) +=item EXAMPLE 6 -=item Security audit shipped utilities +=item New Things in this Example -=item Custom opcodes +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) -=item spawnvp() on Win32 +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) -=item DLL Versioning +=item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes -=item Introduce @( and @) +=item Troubleshooting these Examples -=item Floating point handling +=back -=item IV/UV preservation +=item See also -=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser +=item Author -=item Automate module testing on CPAN +=over 4 -=item sendmsg and recvmsg +=item Last Changed -=item Rewrite perlre documentation +=back -=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles +=back -=item Document Win32 choices +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual -=item Check new modules +=over 4 -=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item To do at some point +=item Introduction -=over 4 +=item On The Road -=item Remove regular expression recursion +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB + +=item The Argument Stack + +=item The RETVAL Variable + +=item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL + +=item The MODULE Keyword -=item Memory leaks after failed eval +=item The PACKAGE Keyword -=item pack "(stuff)*" +=item The PREFIX Keyword -=item bitfields in pack +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword -=item Cross compilation +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword -=item Perl preprocessor / macros +=item The CODE: Keyword -=item Perl lexer in Perl +=item The INIT: Keyword -=item Using POSIX calls internally +=item The NO_INIT Keyword -=item -i rename file when changed +=item Initializing Function Parameters -=item All ARGV input should act like EE +=item Default Parameter Values -=item Support for rerunning debugger +=item The PREINIT: Keyword -=item Test Suite for the Debugger +=item The SCOPE: Keyword -=item my sub foo { } +=item The INPUT: Keyword -=item One-pass global destruction +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords -=item Rewrite regexp parser +=item The C Keyword -=item Cache recently used regexps +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists -=item Re-entrant functions +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword -=item Cross-compilation support +=item The PPCODE: Keyword -=item Bit-shifting bitvectors +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists -=item debugger pragma +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword -=item use less pragma +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword -=item switch structures +=item The POSTCALL: Keyword -=item Cache eval tree +=item The BOOT: Keyword -=item rcatmaybe +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword -=item Shrink opcode tables +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword -=item Optimize away @_ +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword -=item Prototypes versus indirect objects +=item The ALIAS: Keyword -=item Install HMTL +=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword -=item Prototype method calls +=item The FALLBACK: Keyword -=item Return context prototype declarations +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword -=item magic_setisa +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword -=item Garbage collection +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword -=item IO tutorial +=item The CASE: Keyword -=item pack/unpack tutorial +=item The & Unary Operator -=item Rewrite perldoc +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives -=item Install .3p manpages +=item Using XS With C++ -=item Unicode tutorial +=item Interface Strategy -=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 +=item Perl Objects And C Structures -=item Retargetable installation +=item The Typemap -=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems +=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS -=item Rename Win32 headers +MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT -=item Finish off lvalue functions +=back -=item Update sprintf documentation +=item EXAMPLES -=item Use fchown/fchmod internally +=item XS VERSION + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Vague ideas +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions =over 4 -=item ref() in list context +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Make tr/// return histogram +=over 4 -=item Compile to real threaded code +=item Conventions -=item Structured types +C, C

, C, C -=item Modifiable $1 et al. +=item File Operations -=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. +=item File Input and Output -=item RPC modules +=item File Positioning -=item Attach/detach debugger from running program +=item Memory Management and String Handling -=item Alternative RE syntax module +=item Character Class Tests -=item GUI::Native +=item F functions -=item foreach(reverse ...) +=item Miscellaneous functions -=item Constant function cache +=back -=item Approximate regular expression matching +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Ongoing +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API =over 4 -=item Update guts documentation - -=item Add more tests +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Update auxiliary tools +=item Variables -=back +=over 4 -=item Recently done things +=item Datatypes -=over 4 +=item What is an "IV"? -=item Safe signal handling +=item Working with SVs -=item Tie Modules +=item Offsets -=item gettimeofday +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? -=item setitimer and getimiter +=item Working with AVs -=item Testing __DIE__ hook +=item Working with HVs -=item CPP equivalent in Perl +=item Hash API Extensions -=item Explicit switch statements +=item AVs, HVs and undefined values -=item autocroak +=item References -=item UTF/EBCDIC +=item Blessed References and Class Objects -=item UTF Regexes +=item Creating New Variables -=item perlcc to produce executable +GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN -=item END blocks saved in compiled output +=item Reference Counts and Mortality -=item Secure temporary file module +=item Stashes and Globs -=item Integrate Time::HiRes +=item Double-Typed SVs -=item Turn Cwd into XS +=item Magic Variables -=item Mmap for input +=item Assigning Magic -=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion +=item Magic Virtual Tables -=item Add sockatmark support +=item Finding Magic -=item Mailing list archives +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays -=item Bug tracking +=item Localizing changes -=item Integrate MacPerl +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C -=item Web "nerve center" for Perl +=back -=item Regular expression tutorial +=item Subroutines -=item Debugging Tutorial +=over 4 -=item Integrate new modules +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack -=item Integrate profiler +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs -=item Y2K error detection +=item Memory Allocation -=item Regular expression debugger +=item PerlIO -=item POD checker +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack -=item "Dynamic" lexicals +=item Scratchpads -=item Cache precompiled modules +=item Scratchpads and recursion =back -=item Deprecated Wishes +=item Compiled code =over 4 -=item Loop control on do{} +=item Code tree + +=item Examining the tree -=item Lexically scoped typeglobs +=item Compile pass 1: check routines -=item format BOTTOM +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding -=item report HANDLE +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation -=item Generalised want()/caller()) +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization -=item Named prototypes +=item Pluggable runops -=item Built-in globbing +=back -=item Regression tests for suidperl +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions -=item Cached hash values +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported -=item Add compression modules +=over 4 -=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT -=item Remove distinction between functions and operators +=item So what happened to dTHR? -=item Make XS easier to use +=item How do I use all this in extensions? -=item Make embedding easier to use +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? -=item man for perl +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS -=item my $Package::variable +=back -=item "or" tests defined, not truth +=item Internal Functions -=item "class"-based lexicals +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b -=item byteperl +=over 4 -=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs -=item Make "use utf8" the default +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer -=back +=item Source Documentation =back -=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals +=item Unicode Support =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the -implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is -the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does -it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is -the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough -documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much -work?, Patches speak louder than words +=item What B Unicode, anyway? -=over 4 +=item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string? -=item Keeping in sync +=item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters? -rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the -NFS, rsync'ing the patches +=item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings? -=item Why rsync the source tree +=item How do I convert a string to UTF-8? -It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable +=item Is there anything else I need to know? -=item Why rsync the patches +=back -It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start -point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour +=item Custom Operators -=item Submitting patches +=item AUTHORS -L, L and L, L, -F, The perl5-porters FAQ +=item SEE ALSO -=item Finding Your Way Around +=back -Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C -=item Elements of the interpreter +=over 4 -Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Internal Variable Types +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program -=item Op Trees +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS -=item Stacks +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv -Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack +=item FLAG VALUES -=item Millions of Macros +=over 4 -=item Poking at Perl +=item G_VOID -=item Using a source-level debugger +=item G_SCALAR -run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, -finish, 'enter', print +=item G_ARRAY -=item Dumping Perl Data Structures +=item G_DISCARD -=item Patching +=item G_NOARGS -=item Patching a core module +=item G_EVAL -=item Writing a test +=item G_KEEPERR -F, F, F, F, F, F, -F, F +=item Determining the Context =back -=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item EXAMPLES =over 4 -=item Rational Software's Purify +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned -=item Purify on Unix +=item Passing Parameters --Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity +=item Returning a Scalar -=item Purify on NT +=item Returning a list of values -DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug +=item Returning a list in a scalar context -=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list -=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL +=item Using G_EVAL -=item Profiling +=item Using G_KEEPERR -=item Gprof Profiling +=item Using call_sv --a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z +=item Using call_argv -=item GCC gcov Profiling +=item Using call_method -=item Pixie Profiling +=item Using GIMME_V --h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, --z[ero] +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries -=item CONCLUSION +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information -I +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback -=back +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation -=item AUTHOR +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C =back -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item DATE -=item INTRODUCTION +=back -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API =over 4 -=item PUMPKIN? - -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item THE RECORDS +=item "Gimme" Values -=over 4 +GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +=item Array Manipulation Functions -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +get_av, newAV, sortsv -=back +=item Callback Functions -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, +FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS -=back +=item Character classes -=head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0 +isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER -=over 4 +=item Cloning an interpreter -=item DESCRIPTION +perl_clone -=item Reporting Bugs +=item CV Manipulation Functions -=item SEE ALSO +CvSTASH, get_cv -=item HISTORY +=item Embedding Functions -=back +cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, +perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv -=head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2 +=item Functions in file pp_pack.c -=over 4 +packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Global Variables -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes -=item Incompatible Changes +=item GV Functions -=over 4 +GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, +gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv -=item 64-bit platforms and malloc +=item Handy Values -=item AIX Dynaloading +Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv -=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS +=item Hash Manipulation Functions -=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} +get_hv, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, +HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_assert, hv_clear, hv_clear_placeholders, +hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, +hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, +hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_scalar, hv_store, hv_store_ent, +hv_undef, newHV -=item Deprecations +=item Magical Functions -=back +mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, +SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, +SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE, SvUNLOCK -=item Core Enhancements +=item Memory Management -=item Modules and Pragmata +Copy, CopyD, Move, MoveD, New, Newc, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, +savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero, ZeroD -=over 4 +=item Miscellaneous Functions -=item New Modules and Distributions +fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ, +strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking, +sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnormal, vnumify, +vstringify -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item Numeric functions -=back +grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, +scan_hex, scan_oct -=item Utility Changes +=item Optree Manipulation Functions -=item New Documentation +cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item Pad Data Structures -=over 4 +pad_sv -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -=item Generic Improvements +dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, mPUSHi, mPUSHn, mPUSHp, mPUSHu, +mXPUSHi, mXPUSHn, mXPUSHp, mXPUSHu, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, +POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHmortal, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, +PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHmortal, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, +XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, +XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES -=back +=item SV Flags -=item Selected Bug Fixes +svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG -=over 4 +=item SV Manipulation Functions -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, +newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, +newSVuv, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, +SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW, +SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvIV_nomg, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, +SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, +SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, +SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, +SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, +SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, +SvPV_nolen, SvPV_nomg, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, +SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, +SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, +SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvUV_nomg, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, +sv_2iv_flags, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, +sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv_flags, sv_backoff, +sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, +sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, +sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, +sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, +sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, +sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, +sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, +sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, +sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, +sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, +sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, +sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, +sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, +sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, +sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, +sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, +sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn -=back +=item Unicode Support -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, +is_utf8_string_loc, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8, +sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, +to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, +utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, +uvuni_to_utf8_flags -=item Source Code Enhancements +=item Variables created by C and C internal functions -=over 4 +ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dUNDERBAR, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, +RETVAL, ST, THIS, UNDERBAR, XS, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK -=item MAGIC constants +=item Warning and Dieing -=item Better commented code +croak, warn -=item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up +=item AUTHORS -=item gcc -Wall +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item New Tests - -=item Known Problems +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B + Perl functions =over 4 -=item AIX - -=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery - -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 +=item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE -=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configur +CvWEAKOUTSIDE -=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured +=item Functions in file pad.h -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS, +PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH, +PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL, +PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR, +PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE, PAD_SV, PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV -=item OS/390 +=item Functions in file pp_ctl.c -=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 +find_runcv -=item Failure of Thread tests +=item Global Variables -=item UNICOS +PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, +PL_rs -=item UTS +=item GV Functions -=item VMS +is_gv_magical -=item Win32 +=item IO Functions -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +start_glob -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=item Pad Data Structures -=item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing +CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon, +pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex, +pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new, +pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +djSP, LVRET -=item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental +=item SV Manipulation Functions -=back +find_uninit_var, report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, +sv_free_arenas -=item Reporting Bugs +=item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO -=item HISTORY - =back -=head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1 +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Incompatible Changes +=over 4 -=item Core Enhancements +=item History and Background -=over 4 +=item Basic Structure -=item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable +=item Layers vs Disciplines -=item PerlIO is Now The Default +=item Data Structures -=item Signals Are Now Safe +=item Functions and Attributes -=back +=item Per-instance Data -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Layers in action. -=over 4 +=item Per-instance flag bits -=item New Modules +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item Methods in Detail -=back +fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, +PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, +Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, +Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, +Set_ptrcnt -=item Performance Enhancements +=item Utilities -=item Utility Changes +=item Implementing PerlIO Layers -=item New Documentation +C implementations, Perl implementations -=over 4 +=item Core Layers -=item perlclib +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" -=item perliol +=item Extension Layers -=item README.aix +":encoding", ":scalar", ":via" -=item README.bs2000 +=back -=item README.macos +=item TODO -=item README.mpeix +=back -=item README.solaris +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. -=item README.vos +=over 4 -=item Porting/repository.pod +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B =over 4 -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item Co-existence with stdio -=item Generic Improvements +B, B, +B, B -d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, -need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, -d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep +=item "Fast gets" Functions -=back +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Other Functions -=over 4 +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +=back =back -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals -=item Changed Internals +=over 4 -=item New Tests +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Known Problems +Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the +implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is +the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does +it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is +the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation +tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, +Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words =over 4 -=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl +=item Keeping in sync -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the +NFS, rsync'ing the patches -=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +=item Why rsync the source tree -=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable -=item lib/b test 19 +=item Why rsync the patches -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start +point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour -=item sigaction test 13 in VMS +=item Working with the source -=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 +=item Perlbug administration -=item Failure of Thread tests +=item Submitting patches -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +L, L and L, L, +F, The perl5-porters FAQ -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=item Finding Your Way Around -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item Elements of the interpreter -=back +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running -=item Reporting Bugs +=item Internal Variable Types -=item SEE ALSO +=item Op Trees -=item HISTORY +=item Stacks -=back +Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack -=head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0 - -=over 4 +=item Millions of Macros -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The .i Targets -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item Poking at Perl -=item Incompatible Changes +=item Using a source-level debugger -=item Core Enhancements +run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, +finish, 'enter', print -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item gdb macro support -=over 4 +=item Dumping Perl Data Structures -=item New Modules +=item Patching -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item Patching a core module -=back +=item Adding a new function to the core -=item Utility Changes +=item Writing a test -=item New Documentation +F, F, F, F, F, F, +F, F, F, F, F, t/base t/comp, +t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib -=item Performance Enhancements +=item Special Make Test Targets -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind +check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third +utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 +check.utf8, test_harness -=over 4 +=item Running tests by hand -=item Generic Improvements +PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST =back -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL =over 4 -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +=item Rational Software's Purify -=back +=item Purify on Unix -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity -=item Changed Internals +=item Purify on NT -=item Known Problems +DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -=over 4 +=item valgrind -=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect +=item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree -=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform +=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item Profiling -=item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item Gprof Profiling -=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z -=item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris +=item GCC gcov Profiling -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=item Pixie Profiling -=item Storable tests fail in some platforms +-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, +-z[ero] -=item Threads Are Still Experimental +=item Miscellaneous tricks -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item CONCLUSION + +I =back -=item Reporting Bugs +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item HISTORY +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Core Enhancements +=item assertions -=over 4 +=item iCOW -=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency +=item (?{...}) closures in regexps -=item Lexically scoped warning categories +=item A re-entrant regexp engine -=item Unicode and UTF-8 support +=item pragmata -=item Support for interpolating named characters +=over 4 -=item "our" declarations +=item lexical pragmas -=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals +=item use less 'memory' -=item Improved Perl version numbering system +=back -=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes +=item prototypes and functions -=item File and directory handles can be autovivified +=over 4 -=item open() with more than two arguments +=item _ prototype character -=item 64-bit support +=item inlining autoloaded constants -=item Large file support +=item Finish off lvalue functions -=item Long doubles +=back -=item "more bits" +=item Unicode and UTF8 -=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines +=over 4 -=item C allowed +=item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation -=item File globbing implemented internally +=item UTF8 caching code -=item Support for CHECK blocks +=item Unicode in Filenames -=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported +=item Unicode in %ENV -=item Better pseudo-random number generator +=back -=item Improved C operator +=item Regexps -=item Better worst-case behavior of hashes +=over 4 -=item pack() format 'Z' supported +=item regexp optimiser optional -=item pack() format modifier '!' supported +=item common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) -=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings +=back -=item Comments in pack() templates +=item POD -=item Weak references +=over 4 -=item Binary numbers supported +=item POD -> HTML conversion still sucks -=item Lvalue subroutines +=back -=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references +=item Misc medium sized projects -=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues +=over 4 -=item exists() is supported on subroutine names +=item UNITCHECK -=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements +=item optional optimizer -=item Pseudo-hashes work better +=item You WANT *how* many -=item Automatic flushing of output buffers +=item lexical aliases -=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations +=item no 6 -=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle +=item IPv6 -=item eof() has the same old magic as <> +=item entersub XS vs Perl -=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes +=item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple -=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" +=item bincompat functions -=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally -=item Improved diagnostics +=back -=item Diagnostics follow STDERR +=item Tests -=item More consistent close-on-exec behavior +=over 4 -=item syswrite() ease-of-use +=item Make Schwern poorer -=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators +=item test B -=item Bit operators support full native integer width +=item Improve tests for Config.pm -=item Improved security features +=item common test code for timed bailout -=item More functional bareword prototype (*) +=back -=item C and C may be overridden +=item Installation -=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character +=over 4 -=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch +=item compressed man pages -=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string +=item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl -=item Optional Y2K warnings +=item Relocatable perl -=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings +=item make HTML install work + +=item put patchlevel in -v =back -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Incremental things =over 4 -=item Modules +=item autovivification -attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, -DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, -File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, -podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, -pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, -Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters +=item fix tainting bugs -=item Pragmata +=item Make tainting consistent + +=item Dual life everything =back -=item Utility Changes +=item Vague things =over 4 -=item dprofpp +=item threads -=item find2perl +=item POSIX memory footprint -=item h2xs +=item Optimize away @_ -=item perlcc +=item switch ops -=item perldoc +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program -=item The Perl Debugger +=item A decent benchmark =back -=item Improved Documentation - -perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, -perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, -perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, -perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod +=back -=item Performance enhancements +=head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format. =over 4 -=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized - -=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables - -=item Faster subroutine calls +=item SYNOPSIS -=item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item OPTIONS -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f> +I, B<-q> I, B<-T>, B<-d> +I, B<-o> I, B<-M> I, +B<-w> I or B<-w> I

    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates +a
tag) + +=back + +=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS + +=over 4 + +=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: + +=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER + +=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER + +B, 4, 5, 6.. + +=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: + +=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: + +=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL + +B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> + +=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS + +=back + +=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: + +=over 4 + +=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION + +=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML + +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); + +=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML + +=back + +=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: + +=over 4 + +=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG + +=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM + +B, B + +=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD + +=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD + +=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A POPUP MENU + +=item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP + +=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST + +B + +=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES + +B + +=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX + +B + +=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP + +B + +=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON + +B + +=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON + +=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON + +=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON + +B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment +type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE + +=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON + +=back + +=item HTTP COOKIES + +1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> + +=item WORKING WITH FRAMES + +1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the +document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in +the
tag + +=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS + +=item DEBUGGING + +=over 4 + +=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS + +=back + +=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES + +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B Return the script +name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B + +=item USING NPH SCRIPTS + +In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> +parameters + +=item Server Push + +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() + +=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks + +B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script +basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> + +=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item CREDITS + +Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor +(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell +(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg +(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick +(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis +(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen +(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim +MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks +(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed +Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug +MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), +...and many many more.. + +=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or +other) error log + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES + +=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW + +=over 4 + +=item Changing the default message + +=back + +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS + +=item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USING CGI::Cookie + +B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> + +=over 4 + +=item Creating New Cookies + +=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser + +=item Recovering Previous Cookies + +=item Manipulating Cookies + +B, B, B, B, B + +=back + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE + +=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS + +=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS + +=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS + +=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION + +FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE + +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Tags that won't be formatted + +=item Customizing the Indenting + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USING CGI::Push + +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph + +=over 4 + +=item Heterogeneous Pages + +=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly + +=back + +=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item STATUS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Interactive Mode + +Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, +install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or +distribution, ls author, Signals + +=item CPAN::Shell + +=item autobundle + +=item recompile + +=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution + +=item Programmer's interface + +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples + +=item Methods in the other Classes + +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() + +=item Cache Manager + +=item Bundles + +=item Prerequisites + +=item Finding packages and VERSION + +=item Debugging + +=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode + +=back + +=item CONFIGURATION + +Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE +EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist +optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE +[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> + +=over 4 + +=item Note on urllist parameter's format + +=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support + +=back + +=item SECURITY + +=item EXPORT + +=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES + +=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS + +=over 4 + +=item Three basic types of firewalls + +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade + +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall + +=back + +=item FAQ + +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item TRANSLATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS +module + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Forcing a Stack Trace + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside + +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) + +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The C function + +=item Class Creation at Compile Time + +=item Element Types and Accessor Methods + +Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or +C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) + +=item Initializing with C + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 + +=item Author and Modification History + +=back + +=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names) + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item WARNING + +=item GLOSSARY + +=over 4 + +=item _ + +C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> + +=item a + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item b + +C, C, C, C, C, C, C + +=item c + +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item d + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C + +=item e + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item f + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item g + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C + +=item h + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item i + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C + +=item k + +C, C + +=item l + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item m + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item M + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item n + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item o + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C + +=item p + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item P + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item q + +C, C + +=item r + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item s + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item t + +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item u + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item v + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item x + +C + +=item y + +C, C + +=item z + +C, C + +=back + +=item NOTE + +=back + +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item getcwd and friends + +getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd + +=item abs_path and friends + +abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path + +=item $ENV{PWD} + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, +subject to +change) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Global Variables + + $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, +@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, +$DB::lineno + +=item API Methods + +CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), +CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() + +=item Client Callback Methods + +CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), +CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), +CLIENT->output(LIST) + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item What is a DBM Filter? + +=over 4 + +=item So what's new? + +=back + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item $db->Filter_Push() + +=item $db->Filter_Key_Push() + +=item $db->Filter_Value_Push() + +Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push + +=item $db->Filter_Pop() + +=item $db->Filtered() + +=back + +=item Writing a Filter + +=over 4 + +=item Immediate Filters + +=item Canned Filters + +"name", params + +=back + +=item Filters Included + +utf8, encode, compress, int32, null + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Maintain Round Trip Integrity + +=item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file. + +=back + +=item EXAMPLE -%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $| +=item SEE ALSO -=item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x =over 4 -=item SDBM_File +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater + +=item Interface to Berkeley DB + +=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File + +=item Default Parameters + +=item In Memory Databases =back -=item Revision date +=item DB_HASH -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item A Simple Example =back -=head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS +=item DB_BTREE =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Changing the BTREE sort order + +=item Handling Duplicate Keys + +=item The get_dup() Method + +=item The find_dup() Method + +=item The del_dup() Method + +=item Matching Partial Keys + +=back + +=item DB_RECNO =over 4 -=item Stratus POSIX Support +=item The 'bval' Option + +=item A Simple Example + +=item Extra RECNO Methods + +B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> + +=item Another Example =back -=item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS +=item THE API INTERFACE + +B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = +$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, +$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, +$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> + +=item DBM FILTERS + +B, B, B, +B =over 4 -=item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS +=item The Filter + +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item Installing Perl 5 on VOS +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=item USING PERL IN VOS +=item HINTS AND TIPS =over 4 -=item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS +=item Locking: The Trouble with fd -=item Restrictions of Perl on VOS +=item Safe ways to lock a database + +B, B, B + +=item Sharing Databases With C Applications + +=item The untie() Gotcha =back -=item SUPPORT STATUS +=item COMMON QUESTIONS -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item LAST UPDATE +=item Why is there Perl source in my database? + +=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? + +=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? + +=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? =back -=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION +=item REFERENCES -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +=item HISTORY + +=item BUGS + +=item AVAILABILITY + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both +printing and C =over 4 @@ -6883,11 +12148,46 @@ LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS =item DESCRIPTION -method, locked +=over 4 + +=item Methods + +I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I +I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Reset + +=item Functions + +Dumper(I) + +=item Configuration Variables or Methods + +=item Exports + +Dumper =back -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +=item EXAMPLES + +=item BUGS + +=over 4 + +=item NOTE + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item VERSION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler =over 4 @@ -6895,9 +12195,19 @@ method, locked =item DESCRIPTION +=item PROFILE FORMAT + +=item AUTOLOAD + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes +=head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability =over 4 @@ -6907,41 +12217,69 @@ method, locked =over 4 -=item Built-in Attributes +=item WriteFile -locked, method, lvalue +=back -=item Available Subroutines +=item ppport.h -get, reftype +=item AUTHOR -=item Package-specific Attribute Handling +=item SEE ALSO -FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES +=back -=item Syntax of Attribute Lists +=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Runtime debugging + +=item Memory footprint debugging =back -=item EXPORTS +=item EXAMPLES =over 4 -=item Default exports +=item A simple scalar string -=item Available exports +=item A simple scalar number -=item Export tags defined +=item A simple scalar with an extra reference + +=item A reference to a simple scalar + +=item A reference to an array + +=item A reference to a hash + +=item Dumping a large array or hash + +=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer + +=item A reference to a subroutine =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item EXPORTS + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module =over 4 @@ -6949,11 +12287,9 @@ FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES =item DESCRIPTION -method, locked - =back -=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used +=head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests =over 4 @@ -6961,29 +12297,65 @@ method, locked =item DESCRIPTION -=item WARNING +I, I, I + +=item OO INTERFACE + +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, +$ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( +$data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, +$ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest + +=item Digest speed + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=back + +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) + +=item METHODS + +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), +$md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time +=head2 Digest::base - Digest base class =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNPOSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item HISTORY - =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package +=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles =over 4 @@ -6991,14 +12363,11 @@ method, locked =item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR +=item NOTES =back -=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character -semantics +=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. =over 4 @@ -7006,26 +12375,25 @@ semantics =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal -escape. - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Creation -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, +stopDbSignal -=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS +=item Methods -=item BUGS +dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, +compactDump, veryCompact, set, get =back -=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants +=back + +=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =over 4 @@ -7033,20 +12401,18 @@ escape. =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES - -=item TECHNICAL NOTE - -=item BUGS +@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, +@dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), +dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), +dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), +dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap() =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning -diagnostics +=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into +Perl code =over 4 @@ -7056,74 +12422,98 @@ diagnostics =over 4 -=item The C Pragma +=item Migration from C -=item The I Program +=item Backward compatible boilerplate =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Order of initialization: early load() -=item INTERNALS +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item The most hairy case + +=back + +=item LIMITATIONS =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 fields - compile-time class fields +=head2 Encode - character encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -new, phash +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Table of Contents =back -=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item TERMINOLOGY -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item PERL ENCODING API + +$octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING, +$octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, +CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, +CHECK]); =over 4 -=item subpragma access +=item Listing available encodings -=back +=item Defining Aliases =back -=head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating -point +=item Encoding via PerlIO -=over 4 +=item Handling Malformed Data -=item SYNOPSIS +I = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), +I = Encode::FB_QUIET, I = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode +(I = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I = +Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The +bitmask -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Unimplemented fallback schemes =back -=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler +=item Defining Encodings + +=item The UTF-8 flag + +Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4: =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Messing with Perl's Internals -=item DESCRIPTION +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING) =back -=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time +=item SEE ALSO + +=item MAINTAINER + +=back + +=head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings =over 4 @@ -7131,34 +12521,36 @@ point =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Adding directories to @INC +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -=item Deleting directories from @INC +=over 4 -=item Restoring original @INC +=item Alias overloading =back =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in -operations +=head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output +=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* + +=head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings =over 4 @@ -7166,19 +12558,25 @@ operations =item DESCRIPTION -=item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY +=item NOTES -=item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling +=head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN + +=head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode + +=head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT =item DESCRIPTION @@ -7186,7 +12584,7 @@ operations =back -=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations +=head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class =over 4 @@ -7196,96 +12594,78 @@ operations =over 4 -=item Declaration of overloaded functions - -=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations - -FALSE, TRUE, C - -=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations - -=item Calling Conventions for Mutators - -C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions +=item Methods you should implement -=item Overloadable Operations +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) -I, I, I, -I, I, I, I, I, I +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings -=item Inheritance and overloading +-Ename, -Erenew, -Eperlio_ok(), -Eneeds_lines() -Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation -is inherited by derived classes +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 =back -=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? =over 4 -=item Last Resort - -=item Fallback +=item Compiled Encodings -C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE +=back -=item Copy Constructor +=item SEE ALSO -B +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes =back -=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION +=head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data -I, I, -I, C, I, I, -I, I, I, I, -I +=over 4 -=item Losing overloading +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Run-time Overloading +=item ABSTRACT -=item Public functions +=item DESCRIPTION -overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) -=item Overloading constants +=item CAVEATS -integer, float, binary, q, qr +=item TO DO -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item SEE ALSO -=item Metaphor clash +=back -=item Cookbook +=head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings =over 4 -=item Two-face scalars - -=item Two-face references +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Symbolic calculator +=item ABSTRACT -=item I symbolic calculator +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)? -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item SEE ALSO -Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable -type, `%s' is not a code reference +=back -=item BUGS +=head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP* -=back +=head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +=head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings =over 4 @@ -7293,176 +12673,208 @@ type, `%s' is not a code reference =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling +=head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR + +=head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=item BUGS -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item SIGNAL HANDLERS +=back -B, B, B I +=head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO -=item SIGNAL LISTS +=over 4 -B, B, B +=item Overview -=item OTHER +=item How does it work? -B, B, I, I +=item Line Buffering + +=over 4 + +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs +=head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C +=over 4 + +=item Encoding Names =back -=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names +=item Supported Encodings =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back +=item Built-in Encodings -=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source -code +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=over 4 +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -=item SYNOPSIS +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) -=over 4 +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN -=item Utility functions +=item Miscellaneous encodings -$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]), -utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string) +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Unsupported encodings -=back + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology + +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -=item DESCRIPTION +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS =back -=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings +=item Glossary + +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 + +=item See Also + +=item References + +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Other Notable Sites -=item DESCRIPTION +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), -warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), -warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), -warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), -warnings::warnif($object, $message) +=item Offline sources + +C by Ken Lunde =back -=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function - -=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION +=back -=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs +=head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings + =over 4 -=item DBM Comparisons +=item SYNOPSIS -[0], [1], [2], [3] +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item NOTES + +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers +=head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats =over 4 -=item VERSION - =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] +L says:, Quick Reference + +=item Size, Endianness, and BOM =over 4 -=item Typed lexicals +=item by size -=item Type-specific attribute handlers +=item by endianness -=item Non-interpretive attribute handlers +BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order -=item Phase-specific attribute handlers +=back -=item Attributes as C interfaces +=item Surrogate Pairs + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item EXAMPLES +=head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHOR +=item ABSTRACT -=item BUGS +=item In Practice -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to +encodings =over 4 @@ -7470,29 +12882,30 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Subroutine Stubs - -=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +=over 4 -=item Package Lexicals +=item Alias overloading -=item Not Using AutoLoader +=back -=item B vs. B +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item CAVEATS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- +Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by +Encode::CN -=back +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by +Encode -=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode +Implementation Base Class =over 4 @@ -7500,321 +12913,325 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -$keep, $check, $modtime - =over 4 -=item Multiple packages +=item Methods you should implement -=back +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings + +-Ename, -Erenew, -Eperlio_ok(), -Eneeds_lines() + +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 =back -=head2 B - The Perl Compiler +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Compiled Encodings -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes -=item SV-RELATED CLASSES +=back -=item B::SV METHODS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from +data -REFCNT, FLAGS +=over 4 -=item B::IV METHODS +=item SYNOPSIS -IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv +=item ABSTRACT -=item B::NV METHODS +=item DESCRIPTION -NV, NVX +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) -=item B::RV METHODS +=item CAVEATS -RV +=item TO DO -=item B::PV METHODS +=item SEE ALSO -PV, PVX +=back -=item B::PVMG METHODS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by +Encode::JP::2022_JP* -MAGIC, SvSTASH +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used +by Encode::JP -=item B::MAGIC METHODS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally +used by Encode::KR -MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' +and 'Q' header encoding -=item B::PVLV METHODS +=over 4 -TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG +=item SYNOPSIS -=item B::BM METHODS +=item ABSTRACT -USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE +=item DESCRIPTION -=item B::GV METHODS +=item BUGS -is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, -LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +=item SEE ALSO -=item B::IO METHODS +=back -LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, -BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document +on Encode and PerlIO -=item B::AV METHODS +=over 4 -FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS +=item Overview -=item B::CV METHODS +=item How does it work? -STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS, const_sv +=item Line Buffering -=item B::HV METHODS +=over 4 -FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? -=item OP-RELATED CLASSES +=back -=item B::OP METHODS +=item SEE ALSO -next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private +=back -=item B::UNOP METHOD +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings +supported by Encode -first +=over 4 -=item B::BINOP METHOD +=item DESCRIPTION -last +=over 4 -=item B::LOGOP METHOD +=item Encoding Names -other +=back -=item B::LISTOP METHOD +=item Supported Encodings -children +=over 4 -=item B::PMOP METHODS +=item Built-in Encodings -pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=item B::SVOP METHOD +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -sv, gv +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -=item B::PADOP METHOD +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) -padix +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN -=item B::PVOP METHOD +=item Miscellaneous encodings -pv +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess -=item B::LOOP METHODS +=back -redoop, nextop, lastop +=item Unsupported encodings -=item B::COP METHODS + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology -=back +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) -=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C +=over 4 -main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, -sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), -ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), -threadsv_names +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -=item AUTHOR +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS =back -=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate -bytecode +=item Glossary -=over 4 +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item See Also -=item DESCRIPTION +=item References -=item AUTHOR +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary -=back +=over 4 -=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode +=item Other Notable Sites -=over 4 +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Offline sources -=item DESCRIPTION +C by Ken Lunde -=item AUTHORS +=back =back -=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 +encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=item AUTHOR +=item In Practice + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=item OPTIONS +=item Description -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Predefined Methods -=item BUGS +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=item AUTHORS +=item Example: base64 transcoder + +=item Operator Overloading =back -=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in +non-ascii or non-utf8 =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS +=item ABSTRACT -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, -B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Literal Conversions -=item BUGS +=item PerlIO layers for C -=item AUTHOR +=item Implicit upgrading for byte strings =back -=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend +=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1 -=over 4 +"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle -=item SYNOPSIS +=item USAGE -=item DESCRIPTION +use encoding [I] ;, use encoding I [ STDIN =E +I ...] ;, use encoding I Filter=E1;, no encoding; -=item OPTIONS +=item The Filter Option -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, -B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, -B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87 -=item BUGS +=back -=item DIFFERENCES +=item CAVEATS =over 4 -=item Loops +=item NOT SCOPED -=item Context of ".." +=item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS -=item Arithmetic +=item tr/// with ranges -=item Deprecated features +Legend of characters above =back -=item AUTHOR +=item EXAMPLE - Greekperl -=back +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops +literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format -=over 4 +=item HISTORY -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item OPTIONS +=head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder -B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, -B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, -B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> +=over 4 -=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, -B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, -B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, -B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, -B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, -B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, -B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, -B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> +=item ABSTRACT -=item ABBREVIATIONS +=item Description =over 4 -=item OP flags abbreviations - -=item OP class abbreviations +=item Predefined Methods -=back +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework +=item Example: base64 transcoder -=item AUTHOR +=item Operator Overloading =back -=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code +=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation +variables =over 4 @@ -7822,36 +13239,26 @@ B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, -B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I - -=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE - -=over 4 - -=item Synopsis - -=item Description +=item PERFORMANCE -=item new +=back -=item ambient_pragmas +=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or +arrays -strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits +=over 4 -=item coderef2text +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item LIMITATIONS =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode +=head2 Errno - System errno constants =over 4 @@ -7859,11 +13266,15 @@ strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits =item DESCRIPTION +=item CAVEATS + =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint +=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules =over 4 @@ -7871,38 +13282,43 @@ strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS - -B, B and B, B, -B, B, B, B, B +=over 4 -=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS +=item How to Export -B<-u Package> +=item Selecting What To Export -=item BUGS +=item How to Import -=item AUTHOR +C, C, C =back -=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=item Advanced features =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Specialised Import Lists -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Exporting without using Exporter's import method -=item CONVENTIONS +=item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item Module Version Checking -=item AUTHOR +=item Managing Unknown Symbols + +=item Tag Handling Utility Functions + +=item Generating combined tags + +=item Ced Constants =back -=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files +=back + +=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts =over 4 @@ -7910,11 +13326,10 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend +=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in +Makefiles etc. =over 4 @@ -7922,43 +13337,41 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded - -=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops +cat -=over 4 +eqtime src dst -=item SYNOPSIS +rm_rf files... -=item DESCRIPTION +rm_f files... -=item AUTHOR +touch files .. -=back +mv source... destination -=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs +cp source... destination -=over 4 +chmod mode files.. -=item SYNOPSIS +mkpath directory.. -=item DESCRIPTION +test_f file -=item OPTIONS +dos2unix -C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> +=over 4 =item BUGS +=item SEE ALSO + =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles =over 4 @@ -7966,11 +13379,19 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +B =back -=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code +B + +B + +B + +B + +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants =over 4 @@ -7978,57 +13399,53 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item USAGE -=item Methods +IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF -new, debug, iters +=item FUNCTIONS -=item Standard Exports +=back -timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), -timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( -TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) +C_stringify NAME -=item Optional Exports +perl_stringify NAME -clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ -STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( -), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) +constant_types -=back +memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT -=item NOTES +assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE.. -=item EXAMPLES +return_clause -=item INHERITANCE +switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. -=item CAVEATS +params WHAT -=item SEE ALSO +dump_names -=item AUTHORS +dogfood -=item MODIFICATION HISTORY +C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item +def_post, utf8 -=back +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER -=over 4 +WriteMakefileSnippet -=item SYNOPSIS +WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, +BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 =item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications =over 4 @@ -8036,279 +13453,246 @@ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=item @EXPORT + +=item FUNCTIONS -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> +xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), +ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item EXAMPLES -=item BUGS +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class +=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item PROGRAMMING STYLE +=item Functions -=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES +B -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): +=back -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE +=back -=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: +B I -=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: +B -=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: +B -=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: +_autosplit -=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: +=over 4 -=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: +B -=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: +=item AUTHOR -=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: +=item LICENSE -=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: +=back -=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: +=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules -=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS +=over 4 -=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE +=item SYNOPSIS -B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, -B<:standard>, B<:all> +=item DESCRIPTION -=item PRAGMAS +=item USAGE --any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, --newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, --private_tempfiles +=item FUNCTIONS -=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS +new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), +packlist(), version() -1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a -
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a
tag) +=item EXAMPLE + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS +=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them =over 4 -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: - -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER - -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER +=item SYNOPSIS -B, 4, 5, 6.. +=item DESCRIPTION -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: +For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For +dynamic extensions at load time -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: +=over 4 -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL +=item EXTRALIBS -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>), B<-base> +=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS +=item BSLOADLIBS =back -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: +=item PORTABILITY =over 4 -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS - -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS - -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION - -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +=item VMS implementation -=item AUTOESCAPING HTML +=item Win32 implementation -$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = -charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); +=back -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: +=head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass =over 4 -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG - -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM - -B, B - -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD +=back -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST +=item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods -B +installvars -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES +=back -B +os_flavor_is -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX +blibdirs_target (o) -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP +=item File::Spec wrappers -B +catfile -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON +=back -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON +=item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON +B -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD +=back -B +B -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON +init_VERSION -B +wraplist -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON +manifypods -=back +manifypods_target -=item HTTP COOKIES +makemakerdflt_target -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> +special_targets -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES +POD2MAN_macro -1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the tag +test_via_harness -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS +test_via_script -=item DEBUGGING +libscan -=over 4 +tool_autosplit -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS +all_target -=back +metafile_target -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES +signature_target -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, B +metafile_addtomanifest_target -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS +signature_addtomanifest_target -In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters +=over 4 -=item Server Push +=item Abstract methods -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() +oneliner, B, B, max_exec_len, +B, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform, +platform_constants -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks +=back -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> +os_flavor -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item AUTHOR -=item CREDITS +=back -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm +os_flavor (o) + +init_linker + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +os_flavor (o) -=item BUGS +=back -=item SEE ALSO +cflags (o) -=back +replace_manpage_separator (o) -=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log +init_linker + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -8316,27 +13700,28 @@ other) error log =item DESCRIPTION -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES +=over 4 -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW +=item Overridden methods -=over 4 +os_flavor -=item Changing the default message +=back =back -=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS +B -=item CHANGE LOG +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -8344,33 +13729,50 @@ other) error log =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Cookie +=back -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> +maybe_command -=over 4 +guess_name -=item Creating New Cookies +macify -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser +patternify -=item Recovering Previous Cookies +init_main -=item Manipulating Cookies +init_others -B, B, B, B, B +init_platform, platform_constants -=back +init_dirscan -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +init_VERSION (o) -=item BUGS +special_targets (o) -=item SEE ALSO +static (o) -=back +dlsyms (o) -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI +dynamic (o) + +clean (o) + +clean_subdirs_target + +realclean (o) + +realclean_subdirs_target + +rulez (o) + +processPL (o) + +os_flavor + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -8378,25 +13780,38 @@ B, B, B, B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE +=back -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS +os_flavor -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS +init_platform (o), platform_constants -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS +const_cccmd (o) -=item CAVEATS +static_lib (o) -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +dynamic_lib (o) -=item BUGS +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +init_dist (o) =back -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code +init_linker + +os_flavor + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -8406,13 +13821,17 @@ B, B, B, B, B =over 4 -=item Tags that won't be formatted +=item Overridden methods -=item Customizing the Indenting +os_flavor =back -=item BUGS +=back + +B + +=over 4 =item AUTHOR @@ -8420,7 +13839,7 @@ B, B, B, B, B =back -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -8428,244 +13847,226 @@ B, B, B, B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Push +=item METHODS --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph +=back =over 4 -=item Heterogeneous Pages +=item Methods -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly +os_flavor (o) =back -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS +c_o (o) -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +cflags (o) -=item BUGS +clean (o) -=item SEE ALSO +clean_subdirs_target -=back +const_cccmd (o) -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch +const_config (o) -=over 4 +const_loadlibs (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +constants (o) -=item ABSTRACT +depend (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +dir_target B -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +init_DEST -=item BUGS +init_dist -=item SEE ALSO +dist (o) -=back +dist_basics (o) -=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module +dist_ci (o) -=over 4 +dist_core (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +B -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +B -=item SEE ALSO +B -=back +zipfile_target -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites +uutardist_target -=over 4 +shdist_target -=item SYNOPSIS +distdir -=item DESCRIPTION +dist_test -=over 4 +dlsyms (o) -=item Interactive Mode +dynamic (o) -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, ls author, Signals +dynamic_bs (o) -=item CPAN::Shell +dynamic_lib (o) -=item autobundle +exescan -=item recompile +extliblist -=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution +find_perl -=item Programmer's interface +find_tests -expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples +=over 4 -=item Methods in the other Classes +=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile -CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), -CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), -CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), -CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), -CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), -CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), -CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), -CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), -CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), -CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), -CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), -CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), -CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), -CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), -CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), -CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), -CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), -CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), -CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), -CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), -CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), -CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), -CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), -CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), -CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), -CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() +fixin + +=back + +force (o) + +guess_name + +has_link_code -=item Cache Manager +init_dirscan -=item Bundles +init_DIRFILESEP -=item Prerequisites +init_main -=item Finding packages and VERSION +init_others -=item Debugging +init_INST -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode +init_INSTALL -=back +init_linker -=item CONFIGURATION +init_lib2arch -Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE -EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist -optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE -[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> +init_PERL -=over 4 +init_platform (o), platform_constants (o) -=item Note on urllist parameter's format +init_PERM -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support +init_xs -=back +install (o) -=item SECURITY +installbin (o) -=item EXPORT +linkext (o) -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES +lsdir -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +macro (o) -=over 4 +makeaperl (o) -=item Three basic types of firewalls +makefile (o) -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +maybe_command -=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall +needs_linking (o) -=back +nicetext -=item FAQ +parse_abstract -1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) +parse_version -=item BUGS +pasthru (o) -=item AUTHOR +perl_script -=item TRANSLATIONS +perldepend (o) -=item SEE ALSO +perm_rw (o) -=back +perm_rwx (o) -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization +pm_to_blib -=over 4 +post_constants (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +post_initialize (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +postamble (o) -=back +ppd -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module +prefixify -=over 4 +processPL (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +quote_paren -=item DESCRIPTION +realclean (o) -=item SEE ALSO +realclean_subdirs_target -=back +replace_manpage_separator -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) +oneliner (o) -=over 4 +quote_literal -=item SYNOPSIS +escape_newlines -=item DESCRIPTION +max_exec_len -=over 4 +static (o) -=item Forcing a Stack Trace +static_lib (o) -=back +staticmake (o) -=item BUGS +subdir_x (o) -=back +subdirs (o) -=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside +test (o) -=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree +test_via_harness (override) -=over 4 +test_via_script (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +tools_other (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +tool_xsubpp (o) -=item FUNCTIONS +all_target -the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) +top_targets (o) -=item CAUTIONARY NOTES +writedoc -=item COPYRIGHT +xs_c (o) -=item AUTHOR +xs_cpp (o) + +xs_o (o) + +=over 4 + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -8675,329 +14076,178 @@ Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) =over 4 -=item The C function +=item Methods always loaded -=item Class Creation at Compile Time +wraplist -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods +=back -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) +=back -=item Initializing with C +=over 4 + +=item Methods + +guess_name (override) =back -=item EXAMPLES +find_perl (override) -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 +maybe_command (override) -=item Author and Modification History +perl_script (override) -=back +replace_manpage_separator -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information +init_DEST -=over 4 +init_DIRFILESEP -=item SYNOPSIS +init_main (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +init_others (override) -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) +init_platform (override) -=item EXAMPLE +platform_constants -=item WARNING +init_VERSION (override) -=item GLOSSARY +constants (override) -=over 4 +special_targets -=item _ +cflags (override) -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> +const_cccmd (override) -=item a +tool_sxubpp (override) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +tools_other (override) -=item b +init_dist (override) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +c_o (override) -=item c +xs_c (override) -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +xs_o (override) -=item d +dlsyms (override) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +dynamic_lib (override) -=item e +dynamic_bs (override) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +static_lib (override) -=item f +processPL (override) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +installbin (override) -=item g +subdir_x (override) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +clean (override) -=item h +clean_subdirs_target -C, C, C, C +realclean (override) -=item i +zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +dist_test (override) -=item k +install (override) -C, C +perldepend (override) -=item l +makefile (override) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +find_tests (override) -=item m +test (override) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +makeaperl (override) -=item M +nicetext (override) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +prefixify (override) -=item n +oneliner (o) -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +B (o) -=item o +quote_literal -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +escape_newlines -=item p +max_exec_len -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +init_linker (o) -=item P +eliminate_macros -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +fixpath -=item q +os_flavor -C, C +blibdirs_target (override) -=item r +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker + +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item SYNOPSIS -=item s +=item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item t +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item Overridden methods -=item u +B -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item v +replace_manpage_separator -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C +B -=item x +B -C, C +B -=item y +B -C, C +init_platform (o), platform_constants (o) -=item z +special_targets (o) -C, C +static_lib (o) -=back +dynamic_lib (o) -=item NOTE +clean -=back +init_linker -=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory +perl_script -=over 4 +xs_o (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +pasthru (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +oneliner (o) -=item NOTES +max_exec_len -=back +os_flavor -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X =over 4 @@ -9007,169 +14257,180 @@ change) =over 4 -=item Global Variables - - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno - -=item API Methods - -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() +=item Overriden methods -=item Client Callback Methods +dist_test -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) +=back =back -=item BUGS +subdir_x -=item AUTHOR +xs_c -=back +xs_cpp -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x +xs_o -=over 4 +clean_subdirs_target -=item SYNOPSIS +realclean_subdirs_target -=item DESCRIPTION +max_exec_len -B, B, B +os_flavor =over 4 -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 +=item AUTHOR -=item Interface to Berkeley DB +=back -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File +=head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization -=item Default Parameters +=over 4 -=item In Memory Databases +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item DB_HASH +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile =over 4 -=item A Simple Example - -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item DB_BTREE +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Changing the BTREE sort order - -=item Handling Duplicate Keys +=item How To Write A Makefile.PL -=item The get_dup() Method +=item Default Makefile Behaviour -=item The find_dup() Method +=item make test -=item The del_dup() Method +=item make testdb -=item Matching Partial Keys +=item make install -=back +=item PREFIX and LIB attribute -=item DB_RECNO +=item AFS users -=over 4 +=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary -=item The 'bval' Option +=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations -=item A Simple Example +=item Which architecture dependent directory? -=item Extra RECNO Methods +=item Using Attributes and Parameters -B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, -length, elements);> +ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, +EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, +FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, +INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, +INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, +INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, +INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, +LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, +MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, +OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, +PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, +PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, +PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, +VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION -=item Another Example +=item Additional lowercase attributes -=back +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, +test, tool_autosplit -=item THE API INTERFACE +=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods -B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> +=item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming -=item DBM FILTERS +C< ' '>> -B, B, B, -B +=item Hintsfile support -=over 4 +=item Distribution Support -=item The Filter + make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, + make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make +uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item Module Meta-Data -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item Disabling an extension -=back +=item Other Handy Functions -=item HINTS AND TIPS +prompt -=over 4 +=back -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item Safe ways to lock a database +PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT -B, B, B +=item SEE ALSO -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications +=item AUTHORS -=item The untie() Gotcha +=item LICENSE =back -=item COMMON QUESTIONS +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About +MakeMaker =over 4 -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? +=over 4 -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? +=item Module Installation -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? +How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without +installing it? -=back +=item Philosophy and History -=item REFERENCES +Why not just use ?, What is +Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no +shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft -=item HISTORY +=item Module Writing -=item BUGS +How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's +this F thing and how did it get in my F?! -=item AVAILABILITY +=item XS -=item COPYRIGHT +How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter +Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same +directory? -=item SEE ALSO +=back + +=item PATCHING =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -9179,51 +14440,40 @@ printing and C =over 4 -=item Methods +=item The Mantra -I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I -I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Reset +=item The Layout -=item Functions +Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP, +bin/ -Dumper(I) +=back -=item Configuration Variables or Methods +=item SEE ALSO -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>) +=back -=item Exports +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm -Dumper +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item EXAMPLES +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=back -=item AUTHOR +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm -=item VERSION +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler +=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file =over 4 @@ -9231,67 +14481,85 @@ Dumper =item DESCRIPTION -=item PROFILE FORMAT - -=item AUTOLOAD +=over 4 -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item Functions -=item BUGS +mkmanifest -=item SEE ALSO +=back =back -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer +manifind -=over 4 +manicheck -=item SYNOPSIS +filecheck -=item DESCRIPTION +fullcheck -=over 4 +skipcheck -=item Memory footprint debugging +maniread -=back +manicopy -=item EXAMPLES +maniadd =over 4 -=item A simple scalar string +=item MANIFEST -=item A simple scalar number +=item MANIFEST.SKIP -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference +=item EXPORT_OK -=item A reference to a simple scalar +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES -=item A reference to an array +=back -=item A reference to a hash +=over 4 -=item Dumping a large array or hash +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer +C I, C I, C I, +C I<$!>, C I -=item A reference to a subroutine +=item ENVIRONMENT + +B + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item EXPORTS +=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module +=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic +extension =over 4 @@ -9299,9 +14567,15 @@ Dumper =item DESCRIPTION +DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME + +=item AUTHOR + +=item REVISION + =back -=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests +=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files =over 4 @@ -9309,21 +14583,19 @@ Dumper =item DESCRIPTION -I, I, I +=item USAGE -=item OO INTERFACE +=item FUNCTIONS -$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = -Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), -$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest +new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXAMPLE =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm +=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC =over 4 @@ -9331,26 +14603,21 @@ $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest =item DESCRIPTION -=item FUNCTIONS - -md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) - -=item METHODS +=back -$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), -$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest +=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles +=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines =over 4 @@ -9358,11 +14625,13 @@ $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES +=item NOTE + +=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS =back -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. +=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces =over 4 @@ -9370,25 +14639,15 @@ $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Creation - -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal - -=item Methods +fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get +=item EXAMPLES -=back +C, C =back -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree =over 4 @@ -9396,18 +14655,13 @@ veryCompact, set, get =item DESCRIPTION -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() - =item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code +=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles =over 4 @@ -9415,11 +14669,13 @@ Perl code =item DESCRIPTION +=item RETURN + =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Encode - character encodings +=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles =over 4 @@ -9429,132 +14685,105 @@ Perl code =over 4 -=item TERMINOLOGY - -=back - -=item ENCODINGS - -=over 4 - -=item Characteristics of an Encoding - -=item Types of Encodings +=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) -Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, -Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings +rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) -=item Specifying Encodings +=back -1. By name, 2. As an object +=item RETURN -=item Encoding Names +=item NOTES -The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry, -The name used by the the organization that defined it +=item AUTHOR =back -=item PERL ENCODING API +=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some =over 4 -=item Generic Encoding Interface - -=item Handling Malformed Data +=item SYNOPSIS -Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes +=item DESCRIPTION -=item UTF-8 / utf8 +=item NOTES -=item Other Encodings of Unicode +=item EXPORTS (by request only) -=item Listing available encodings +=item BUGS -=item Defining Aliases +=item AUTHOR -As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code -reference, e.g.: +=item HISTORY -=item Defining Encodings +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Encoding and IO - -=item Encoding How to ... +=head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree. -IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 -strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules - -=item Messing with Perl's Internals +=over 4 -is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) +=item SYNOPSIS -=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES +=item DESCRIPTION --Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), --Edecode($octets,$check) +B, B =over 4 -=item Compiled Encodings +=item %options -.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other -variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=back +=item The wanted function -=item SEE ALSO +C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current +filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete +pathname to the file =back -=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables -of the Encode extension +=item WARNINGS -=over 4 +=item CAVEAT -=item DESCRIPTION +$dont_use_nlink, symlinks -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B +=item NOTES -=item KEYWORDS +=item BUGS AND CAVEATS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings - -=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension +=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B - -=item KEYWORDS - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation -variables +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=over 4 +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item SYNOPSIS +C, C -=item DESCRIPTION +=item NOTES -=item PERFORMANCE +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or -arrays +=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees =over 4 @@ -9562,13 +14791,13 @@ arrays =item DESCRIPTION -=item LIMITATIONS +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Errno - System errno constants +=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names =over 4 @@ -9576,15 +14805,19 @@ arrays =item DESCRIPTION -=item CAVEATS +=item METHODS -=item AUTHOR +canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir, +no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath, +splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules +=head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs =over 4 @@ -9592,38 +14825,35 @@ arrays =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=back -=item How to Export +canonpath -=item Selecting What To Export +file_name_is_absolute -=item Specialised Import Lists +tmpdir (override) -=item Exporting without using Export's import method +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs -=item Module Version Checking +=over 4 -=item Managing Unknown Symbols +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Tag Handling Utility Functions +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts +canonpath() =over 4 -=item SYNOPIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in -Makefiles etc. +=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names =over 4 @@ -9631,39 +14861,17 @@ Makefiles etc. =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -cat - -eqtime src dst - -rm_f files... - -rm_f files... - -touch files .. - -mv source... destination - -cp source... destination - -chmod mode files.. - -mkpath directory.. - -test_f file - =over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Exports -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants +=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic) =over 4 @@ -9671,70 +14879,49 @@ test_f file =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE - -IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, PVN, YES, NO, UNDEF +=item METHODS -=item FUNCTIONS +canonpath =back -C_stringify NAME - -constant_types - -memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT +catdir() -assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE.. +catfile -return_clause +curdir -switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. +devnull -params WHAT +rootdir -dump_names +tmpdir -C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item -def_post +updir -XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +file_name_is_absolute -autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER +path -WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, -BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +splitpath -=over 4 +splitdir -=item AUTHOR +catpath -=back +abs2rel -=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications +rel2abs =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item @EXPORT - -=item FUNCTIONS - -xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), -ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) - -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there +=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs =over 4 @@ -9742,9 +14929,12 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item DESCRIPTION +tmpdir, splitpath + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules +=head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec +modules =over 4 @@ -9752,55 +14942,53 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE +=item METHODS -=item FUNCTIONS +canonpath() -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() +=back -=item EXAMPLE +catdir() -=item AUTHOR +catfile -=back +curdir -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them +devnull -=over 4 +rootdir -=item SYNOPSIS +tmpdir -=item DESCRIPTION +updir -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions +no_upwards -=over 4 +case_tolerant -=item EXTRALIBS +file_name_is_absolute -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH +path -=item BSLOADLIBS +join -=back +splitpath -=item PORTABILITY +splitdir -=over 4 +catpath() -=item VMS implementation +abs2rel -=item Win32 implementation +rel2abs() -=back +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs =over 4 @@ -9808,73 +14996,57 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive +eliminate_macros =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +fixpath =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Methods always loaded -=item DESCRIPTION +canonpath (override) =back -catfile - -constants (o) - -static_lib (o) - -dynamic_bs (o) - -dynamic_lib (o) +catdir -canonpath +catfile -perl_script +curdir (override) -pm_to_blib +devnull (override) -test_via_harness (o) +rootdir (override) -tool_autosplit (override) +tmpdir (override) -tools_other (o) +updir (override) -xs_o (o) +case_tolerant (override) -top_targets (o) +path (override) -htmlifypods (o) +file_name_is_absolute (override) -manifypods (o) +splitpath (override) -dist_ci (o) +splitdir (override) -dist_core (o) +catpath (override) -pasthru (o) +abs2rel (override) -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +rel2abs (override) =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item METHODS +=item SEE ALSO =back -perl_archive_after - -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs =over 4 @@ -9882,208 +15054,187 @@ perl_archive_after =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -=over 4 - -=item Preloaded methods - -canonpath - -=back +devnull =back -catdir +tmpdir catfile -curdir +canonpath -rootdir +splitpath -updir +splitdir -=over 4 +catpath -=item SelfLoaded methods +=over 4 -c_o (o) +=item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers =back -cflags (o) - -clean (o) - -const_cccmd (o) +=over 4 -const_config (o) +=item SEE ALSO -const_loadlibs (o) +=back -constants (o) +=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely -depend (o) +=over 4 -dir_target (o) +=item PORTABILITY -dist (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -dist_basics (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -dist_ci (o) +=back -dist_core (o) +=over 4 -dist_dir (o) +=item OO INTERFACE -dist_test (o) +B -dlsyms (o) +=back -dynamic (o) +B -dynamic_bs (o) +B -dynamic_lib (o) +=over 4 -exescan +=item FUNCTIONS -extliblist +B -file_name_is_absolute +=back -find_perl +B =over 4 -=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile +=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS -fixin +B =back -force (o) - -guess_name - -has_link_code - -htmlifypods (o) - -init_dirscan +B -init_main +B -init_others +B -install (o) +=over 4 -installbin (o) +=item POSIX FUNCTIONS -libscan (o) +B -linkext (o) +=back -lsdir +B -macro (o) +=over 4 -makeaperl (o) +=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS -makefile (o) +B -manifypods (o) +=back -maybe_command +=over 4 -maybe_command_in_dirs +=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS -needs_linking (o) +B -nicetext +=back -parse_version +B -parse_abstract +B -pasthru (o) +=over 4 -path +=item PACKAGE VARIABLES -perl_script +B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH -perldepend (o) +=back -ppd +TopSystemUID -perm_rw (o) +=over 4 -perm_rwx (o) +=item WARNING -pm_to_blib +=over 4 -post_constants (o) +=item Temporary files and NFS -post_initialize (o) +=back -postamble (o) +=item HISTORY -prefixify +=item SEE ALSO -processPL (o) +=item AUTHOR -realclean (o) +=back -replace_manpage_separator +=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions -static (o) +=over 4 -static_lib (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -staticmake (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -subdir_x (o) +=item BUGS -subdirs (o) +=item NOTE -test (o) +=item AUTHOR -test_via_harness (o) +=back -test_via_script (o) +=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits -tool_autosplit (o) +=over 4 -tools_other (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -tool_xsubpp (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -top_targets (o) +cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR -writedoc +=item CAVEATS -xs_c (o) +=item BUGS -xs_cpp (o) +=back -xs_o (o) +=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles -perl_archive +=over 4 -perl_archive_after +=item SYNOPSIS -export_list +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering =over 4 @@ -10093,112 +15244,120 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 -=item Methods always loaded +=item The Problem -wraplist +=item A Solution -=back +=item Disabling or changing behaviour -=back +=item All-in-one interface -rootdir (override) +=item Filtering only specific components of source code -=over 4 +C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">, +C<"all"> -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item Filtering only the code parts of source code -guess_name (override) +Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up +into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'> +component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial +filters +described in the previous section. -=back +=item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C subroutine -find_perl (override) +=item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together -path (override) +=item How it works -maybe_command (override) +=back -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) +=item AUTHOR -perl_script (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=back -replace_manpage_separator +=head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module -init_others (override) +=over 4 -constants (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -cflags (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -const_cccmd (override) +=over 4 -pm_to_blib (override) +=item B -tool_autosplit (override) +=item B -tool_sxubpp (override) +=item B -xsubpp_version (override) +B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B -tools_other (override) +=back -dist (override) +=item EXAMPLES -c_o (override) +=over 4 -xs_c (override) +=item Example 1: A simple filter. -xs_o (override) +=item Example 2: Using the context -top_targets (override) +=item Example 3: Using the context within the filter -dlsyms (override) +=item Example 4: Using filter_del -dynamic_lib (override) +=back -dynamic_bs (override) +=item Filter::Simple -static_lib (override) +=item AUTHOR -manifypods (override) +=item DATE -processPL (override) +=back -installbin (override) +=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script -subdir_x (override) +=over 4 -clean (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -realclean (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -dist_basics (override) +=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES -dist_core (override) +=item KNOWN ISSUES -dist_dir (override) +=item KNOWN BUGS -dist_test (override) +=item AUTHORS -install (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -perldepend (override) +=back -makefile (override) +=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. -test (override) +=over 4 -test_via_harness (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -test_via_script (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -makeaperl (override) +=item AVAILABILITY -nicetext (override) +=item BUGS -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options =over 4 @@ -10206,122 +15365,119 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item Command Line Options, an Introduction -catfile +=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long -constants (o) +=over 4 -static_lib (o) +=item Simple options -dynamic_bs (o) +=item A little bit less simple options -dynamic_lib (o) +=item Mixing command line option with other arguments -canonpath +=item Options with values -perl_script +=item Options with multiple values -pm_to_blib +=item Options with hash values -test_via_harness (o) +=item User-defined subroutines to handle options -tool_autosplit (override) +=item Options with multiple names -tools_other (o) +=item Case and abbreviations -xs_o (o) +=item Summary of Option Specifications -top_targets (o) +!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ], : I [ I ], : ++ [ I ] -htmlifypods (o) +=back -manifypods (o) +=item Advanced Possibilities -dist_ci (o) +=over 4 -dist_core (o) +=item Object oriented interface -pasthru (o) +=item Thread Safety -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=item Documentation and help texts -=over 4 +=item Storing options in a hash -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Bundling -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The lonesome dash -=over 4 +=item Argument callback -=item How To Write A Makefile.PL +=back -=item Default Makefile Behaviour +=item Configuring Getopt::Long -=item make test +default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, +require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override +(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always +(default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help +(default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) -=item make testdb +=item Exportable Methods -=item make install +VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage -=item PREFIX and LIB attribute +=item Return values and Errors -=item AFS users +=item Legacy -=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary +=over 4 -=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations +=item Default destinations -=item Which architecture dependent directory? +=item Alternative option starters -=item Using Attributes and Parameters +=item Configuration variables -ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, -MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, -NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW, -PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, -PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, -VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION +=back -=item Additional lowercase attributes +=item Trouble Shooting -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +=over 4 -=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not +supplied -=item Hintsfile support +=item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly -=item Distribution Support +=item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called - make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci +=item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? -=item Disabling an extension +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER =back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches +with switch clustering -PERL_MM_OPT +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHORS +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item C<--help> and C<--version> =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file +=head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines =over 4 @@ -10329,28 +15485,34 @@ PERL_MM_OPT =item DESCRIPTION -=item MANIFEST.SKIP +=over 4 -=item EXPORT_OK +=item Restricted hashes -=item GLOBAL VARIABLES +lock_keys, unlock_keys -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=back + +=back -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I +lock_value, unlock_value -=item ENVIRONMENT +B, B -B +B -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item CAVEATS =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c +=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current +locale =over 4 @@ -10358,11 +15520,10 @@ B =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader +=head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language +tags =over 4 @@ -10372,44 +15533,44 @@ B =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic -extension +the function is_language_tag($lang1) -=over 4 +the function extract_language_tags($whatever) -=item SYNOPSIS +the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=item DESCRIPTION +the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME +the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) -=item AUTHOR +the function super_languages($lang1) -=item REVISION +the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) -=back +the function encode_language_tag($lang1) -=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files +the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) -=over 4 +the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) -=item SYNOPSIS +the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function +implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... ) -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item USAGE +=item ABOUT LOWERCASING -=item FUNCTIONS +=item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS -new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() +=item SEE ALSO -=item EXAMPLE +=item COPYRIGHT =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC +=head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences =over 4 @@ -10417,21 +15578,19 @@ new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die +=item FUNCTIONS -=over 4 +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines +=head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages =over 4 @@ -10439,13 +15598,147 @@ new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTE +=item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS -=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS +=item LIST OF LANGUAGES + +{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : +Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : +Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, +{ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], +{am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, +{arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} +: Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : +Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : +Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} +: Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : +Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} +: Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : +Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : +Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber +(Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, +{bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : +Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : +Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian +(Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central +American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], +{ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} +: Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : +Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : +Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, +{mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} +: French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based +Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : +Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : +Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) +Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, +{dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, +{dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} +: Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : +English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English +(ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : +Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} +: Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : +Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French +(ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : +Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, +{lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, +{de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High +German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} +: Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient +Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : +Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, +{he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : +Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, +{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, +{ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European +(Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua +(International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : +Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : +Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian +languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : +Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, +{kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : +Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} +: Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, +{kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, +{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, +{i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : +Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, +{kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : +Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : +Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : +Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban +(Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} +: Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, +{mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, +{mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : +Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : +Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : +Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, +[{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : +Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : +Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], +{lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple +languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, +{na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, +{ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : +Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, +{nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : +Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : +Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} +: Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : +Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian +languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : +Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : +Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian +(ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} +: Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], +{pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : +Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, +[{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : +Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan +languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : +Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, +[{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : +Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, +{sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, +{srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign +Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : +Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave +(Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, +{sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : +Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : +South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : +Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, +{sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : +Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, +{tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : +Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : +Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, +{tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, +{ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : +Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} +: Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : +Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, +{umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : +Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} +: Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} +: Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private +Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : +Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} +: Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, +{zun} : Zuni + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces +=head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information =over 4 @@ -10453,25 +15746,21 @@ new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() =item DESCRIPTION -fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse - -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -C, C +=item EXPORT =back -=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree - -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back -=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles +=head2 IO - load various IO modules =over 4 @@ -10479,13 +15768,11 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item RETURN - -=item AUTHOR +=item DEPRECATED =back -=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles +=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles =over 4 @@ -10493,23 +15780,18 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) - -rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) - -=back - -=item RETURN +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] -=item NOTES +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some +=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles =over 4 @@ -10517,19 +15799,21 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTS (by request only) +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item BUGS +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile -=item AUTHOR +=item METHODS -=item HISTORY +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ) =item SEE ALSO +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree +=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles =over 4 @@ -10537,19 +15821,28 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item CAVEAT +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) -=item NOTES +=item METHODS + +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint + +=item NOTE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS =item HISTORY =back -=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine +=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes =over 4 @@ -10557,21 +15850,23 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item DIAGNOSTICS +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) -C, C +=item METHODS -=item NOTES +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees +=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call =over 4 @@ -10579,11 +15874,20 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHORS +=item METHODS + +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects =over 4 @@ -10591,13 +15895,17 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell + =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs +=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call =over 4 @@ -10605,33 +15913,25 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -devnull - -=back - -tmpdir - -path - -canonpath - -splitpath +=item CONSTRUCTOR -splitdir +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) -catpath +=item METHODS -abs2rel +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) -rel2abs +=item EXAMPLE -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications =over 4 @@ -10639,17 +15939,24 @@ rel2abs =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Exports +new ( [ARGS] ) -=back +=item METHODS + +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS +=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets =over 4 @@ -10657,47 +15964,53 @@ rel2abs =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item CONSTRUCTOR -canonpath +new ( [ARGS] ) -=back +=over 4 -catdir +=item METHODS -catfile +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() -curdir +=back -devnull +=item SEE ALSO -rootdir +=item AUTHOR -tmpdir +=item COPYRIGHT -updir +=back -file_name_is_absolute +=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets -path +=over 4 -splitpath +=item SYNOPSIS -splitdir +=item DESCRIPTION -catpath +=item CONSTRUCTOR -abs2rel +new ( [ARGS] ) -rel2abs +=item METHODS -=over 4 +hostpath(), peerpath() =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory +handles =over 4 @@ -10705,63 +16018,70 @@ rel2abs =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT -=item METHODS +=back -canonpath +=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=back +=over 4 -catdir +=item SYNOPSIS -catfile +=item DESCRIPTION -curdir +=item CONSTRUCTOR -devnull +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile -rootdir +=item METHODS -tmpdir +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ) -updir +=item SEE ALSO -no_upwards +=item HISTORY -case_tolerant +=back -file_name_is_absolute +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O +handles -path +=over 4 -join +=item SYNOPSIS -splitpath +=item DESCRIPTION -splitdir +=item CONSTRUCTOR -catpath +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) -abs2rel +=item METHODS -rel2abs +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint -=over 4 +=item NOTE =item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS + +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes =over 4 @@ -10769,57 +16089,64 @@ rel2abs =item DESCRIPTION -eliminate_macros +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=back +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) -fixpath +=item METHODS -=over 4 +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () -=item Methods always loaded +=item SEE ALSO -canonpath (override) +=item AUTHOR -=back +=item COPYRIGHT -catdir +=back -catfile +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -curdir (override) +=over 4 -devnull (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -rootdir (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -tmpdir (override) +=item METHODS -updir (override) +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) -case_tolerant (override) +=item SEE ALSO -path (override) +=item AUTHOR -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -splitpath (override) +=back -splitdir (override) +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for +I/O objects -catpath (override) +=over 4 -abs2rel (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -rel2abs (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell =item SEE ALSO +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system +call =over 4 @@ -10827,119 +16154,128 @@ rel2abs (override) =item DESCRIPTION -devnull - -=back - -tmpdir - -catfile +=item CONSTRUCTOR -canonpath +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) -splitpath +=item METHODS -splitdir +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) -catpath +=item EXAMPLE -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket +communications =over 4 -=item PORTABILITY - =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over 4 +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item FUNCTIONS +=item METHODS -B +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) -=back +=item SEE ALSO -B +=item AUTHOR -=over 4 +=item COPYRIGHT -=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS +=back -B +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for +AF_INET domain sockets -=back +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -B +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ARGS] ) =over 4 -=item POSIX FUNCTIONS +=item METHODS -B +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() =back -B - -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS +=item AUTHOR -B +=item COPYRIGHT =back +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for +AF_UNIX domain sockets + =over 4 -=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over 4 +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item PACKAGE VARIABLES +=item METHODS -B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH +hostpath(), peerpath() -=back +=item SEE ALSO -TopSystemUID +=item AUTHOR -=over 4 +=item COPYRIGHT -=item WARNING +=back + +=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class =over 4 -=item Temporary files and NFS +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item HISTORY +=item METHODS + +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions +=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing =over 4 @@ -10947,13 +16283,14 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTE +=item WARNING -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits +=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error +handling =over 4 @@ -10961,11 +16298,11 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item WARNING =back -=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class =over 4 @@ -10973,13 +16310,22 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION -$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines +=item METHODS + +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering +=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants =over 4 @@ -10987,19 +16333,31 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +ftok( PATH, ID ) -=item The Problem +=item SEE ALSO -=item A Solution +=item AUTHORS -=item Disabling or changing behaviour +=item COPYRIGHT -=item All-in-one interface +=back -=item How it works +=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -=back +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -11007,7 +16365,8 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =back -=head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module +=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object +class =over 4 @@ -11015,41 +16374,42 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item METHODS -=item B +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat -=item B +=item SEE ALSO -=item B +=item AUTHOR -B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item EXAMPLES - -=over 4 - -=item Example 1: A simple filter. +=head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines -=item Example 2: Using the context +=over 4 -=item Example 3: Using the context within the filter +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Example 4: Using filter_del +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST -=item Filter::Simple +=item KNOWN BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS -=item DATE +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script +=head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of +general-utility list subroutines =over 4 @@ -11057,17 +16417,19 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST =item KNOWN BUGS -=item AUTHORS +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. +=head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of +general-utility scalar subroutines =over 4 @@ -11075,15 +16437,19 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item AVAILABILITY +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF -=item BUGS +=item KNOWN BUGS -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item BLATANT PLUG =back -=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options +=head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes =over 4 @@ -11091,95 +16457,102 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item Command Line Options, an Introduction +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency -=item Simple options +=item AUTHOR -=item A little bit less simple options +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Mixing command line option with other arguments +=back -=item Options with values +=head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) -=item Options with multiple values +=over 4 -=item Options with hash values +=item SYNOPSIS -=item User-defined subroutines to handle options +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Options with multiple names +B, B, B -=item Case and abbreviations +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -=item Summary of Option Specifications +code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) -!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ] +=item QUERY ROUTINES -=back +C, C -=item Advanced Possibilities +=item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES =over 4 -=item Object oriented interface +=item alias_code -=item Documentation and help texts +=item rename_country -=item Storing options in a hash +=back -=item Bundling +=item EXAMPLES -=item The lonesome dash +=item DOMAIN NAMES -=item Argument call-back +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item Configuring Getopt::Long +Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO +3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html, +http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html -default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, -require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override -(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always -(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, -prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) +=item AUTHOR -=item Return values and Errors +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Legacy +=back + +=head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency +identification (ISO 4217) =over 4 -=item Default destinations +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Alternative option starters +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Configuration variables +XTS, XXX -=back +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -=item Trouble Shooting +code2currency(), currency2code() -=over 4 +=item QUERY ROUTINES -=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option +C, C -=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not -supplied +=item EXAMPLES -=back +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995, +http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering +=head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification +(ISO 639) =over 4 @@ -11187,21 +16560,30 @@ clustering =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current -locale +code2language(), language2code() -=over 4 +=item QUERY ROUTINES -=item SYNOPSIS +C, C -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXAMPLES + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language -tags +=head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization =over 4 @@ -11209,43 +16591,50 @@ tags =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item QUICK OVERVIEW -the function is_language_tag($lang1) +=item METHODS -the function extract_language_tags($whatever) +=over 4 -the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) +=item Construction Methods -the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) +=item The "maketext" Method -the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) +$lh->fail_with I $lh->fail_with(I), $lh->failure_handler_auto -the function super_languages($lang1) +=item Utility Methods -the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) +$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, +$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), +$language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), +$language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() -the function encode_language_tag($lang1) +=item Language Handle Attributes and Internals -the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) +=back -the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) +=item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES -=over 4 +=item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON -=item ABOUT LOWERCASING +=item BRACKET NOTATION -=item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS +=item AUTO LEXICONS + +=item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE + +=item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT =item SEE ALSO -=item COPYRIGHT +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages +=head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization =over 4 @@ -11253,139 +16642,37 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =item DESCRIPTION -=item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS +=item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes -=item LIST OF LANGUAGES +=over 4 -{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : -Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], -{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : -Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : -Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : -Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : -Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], -[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : -Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, -{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : -Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu -(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak -(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : -Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : -Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : -Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : -Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, -[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], -[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : -Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} -: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : -Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, -{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : -Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and -pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], -[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles -and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : -Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default -(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} -: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : -Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, -{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, -{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English -(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : -Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : -Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} -: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : -Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, -{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, -{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), -{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : -Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : -Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : -Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, -{he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : -Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, -{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, -{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], -{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language -Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} -: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : -Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : -Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, -{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : -Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : -Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} -: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, -{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, -{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : -Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} -: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, -{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : -Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : -Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : -Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, -{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : -Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, -{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo -languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : -Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} -: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : -Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : -Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} -: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : -Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : -Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : -Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, -{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, -{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} -: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, -{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, -{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian -languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : -Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : -Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian -(ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} -: Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], -{pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : -Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, -[{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : -Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan -languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], -{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : -Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, -[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, -{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, -{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : -Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], -{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : -Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern -Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} -: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : -Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : -Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : -Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} -: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} -: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, -{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga -(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : -Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish -(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, -{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : -Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : -Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], -{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, -{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, -{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik -languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : -Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni +=item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You -=item SEE ALSO +=item The Linguistic View -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=item Breaking gettext -=item AUTHOR +=item Replacing gettext + +=item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation + +=item Buzzword: Isomorphism + +=item Buzzword: Inheritance + +=item Buzzword: Concision + +=item The Devil in the Details + +=item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites + +=item References =back -=head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information +=back + +=head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924) =over 4 @@ -11393,21 +16680,39 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION +B, B, B + =over 4 -=item EXPORT +=item SPECIAL CODES =back +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES + +code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) + +=item QUERY ROUTINES + +C, C + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS + =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924, +http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/ + =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO - load various IO modules +=head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings =over 4 @@ -11415,9 +16720,22 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION +encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str) + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles +=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding +of quoted-printable strings =over 4 @@ -11425,18 +16743,16 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable +strings =over 4 @@ -11444,21 +16760,15 @@ rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile - -=item METHODS +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str); -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +=item COPYRIGHT =item SEE ALSO -=item HISTORY - =back -=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles +=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package =over 4 @@ -11466,52 +16776,52 @@ open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item Canonical notation -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +=item Output -=item NOTE +=item C, C and C -=item SEE ALSO +=item Accuracy vs. Precision -=item BUGS +=item Rounding -=item HISTORY +ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale +), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 ) =back -=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=item EXAMPLES + + # not ready yet + +=item Autocreating constants =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Math library -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Using Math::BigInt::Lite -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +=item BUGS -=item METHODS +=item CAVEATS -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () +stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item LICENSE -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package =over 4 @@ -11519,214 +16829,202 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =item DESCRIPTION +Input, Output + =item METHODS -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item config -=item AUTHOR +=item accuracy -=item COPYRIGHT +=item precision -=back +=item brsft -=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects +=item new -=over 4 +=item bnan -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bzero -=item DESCRIPTION +=item binf -$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), -WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), -$io->tell +=item bone -=item SEE ALSO +=item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf() -=item HISTORY +=item is_pos()/is_neg() -=back + $x->is_pos(); # true if >= 0 + $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0 -=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call +=item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int() -=over 4 +=item bcmp -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bacmp -=item DESCRIPTION +=item sign -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item digit -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) +=item bneg -=item METHODS +=item babs -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +=item bnorm -=item EXAMPLE +=item bnot -=item AUTHOR +=item binc -=item COPYRIGHT +=item bdec -=back +=item badd -=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications +=item bsub -=over 4 +=item bmul -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bdiv -=item DESCRIPTION +=item bmod -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item bmodinv -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item bmodpow -=item METHODS +=item bpow -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, -protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) +=item blsft -=item SEE ALSO +=item brsft -=item AUTHOR +=item band -=item COPYRIGHT +=item bior -=back +=item bxor -=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets +=item bnot -=over 4 +=item bsqrt -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bfac -=item DESCRIPTION +=item round -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item bround -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item bfround -=over 4 +=item bfloor -=item METHODS +=item bceil -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +=item bgcd -=back +=item blcm -=item SEE ALSO +=item exponent -=item AUTHOR +=item mantissa -=item COPYRIGHT +=item parts -=back +=item copy -=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets +=item as_int -=over 4 +=item bsstr -=item SYNOPSIS +=item as_hex -=item DESCRIPTION +=item as_bin -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item ACCURACY and PRECISION -=item METHODS +=over 4 -hostpath(), peerpath() +=item Precision P -=item SEE ALSO +=item Accuracy A -=item AUTHOR +=item Fallback F -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Rounding mode R + +'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy +(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, +Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, +Remarks =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory -handles +=item INTERNALS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item MATH LIBRARY -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SIGN -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +=item mantissa(), exponent() and parts() -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHOR +=item EXAMPLES -=item COPYRIGHT + use Math::BigInt; -=back +=item Autocreating constants -=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=item PERFORMANCE =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Alternative math libraries -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SUBCLASSING -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile +=item Subclassing Math::BigInt -=item METHODS +=item UPGRADING -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Auto-upgrade -=item HISTORY +bsqrt(), div(), blog() =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O -handles - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item BUGS -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) +broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior +5.6.0 -=item METHODS +=item CAVEATS -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, +Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, +bsqrt(), brsft() -=item NOTE +=item LICENSE =item SEE ALSO -=item BUGS - -=item HISTORY +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt =over 4 @@ -11734,23 +17032,25 @@ $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +=item STORAGE =item METHODS -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () +=item WRAP YOUR OWN -=item SEE ALSO +=item LICENSE -=item AUTHOR +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code =over 4 @@ -11760,19 +17060,19 @@ reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () =item METHODS -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=item LICENSE -=item SEE ALSO +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for -I/O objects +=head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rational numbers =over 4 @@ -11780,101 +17080,80 @@ I/O objects =item DESCRIPTION -$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), -WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), -$io->tell - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system -call - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item MATH LIBRARY -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) +=back =item METHODS -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item new() -=back +=item numerator() -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket -communications +=item denominator() -=over 4 + $d = $x->denominator(); -=item SYNOPSIS +=item parts() -=item DESCRIPTION +=item as_number() -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item bfac() -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item blog() -=item METHODS +=item bround()/round()/bfround() -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, -protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) +=item bmod() -=item SEE ALSO +=item is_one() -=item AUTHOR +=item is_zero() -=item COPYRIGHT +=item is_positive() -=back +=item is_negative() -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for -AF_INET domain sockets +=item is_int() -=over 4 +=item is_odd() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item is_even() -=item DESCRIPTION +=item bceil() -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item bfloor() -new ( [ARGS] ) + $x->bfloor(); -=over 4 +=item bsqrt() -=item METHODS + $x->bsqrt(); -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +=item config =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented +except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(), +blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial) -=item COPYRIGHT +=item LICENSE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for -AF_UNIX domain sockets +=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical +functions =over 4 @@ -11882,23 +17161,31 @@ AF_UNIX domain sockets =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item OPERATIONS -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item CREATION -=item METHODS +=item STRINGIFICATION -hostpath(), peerpath() +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 -=item AUTHOR +=back -=item COPYRIGHT +=item USAGE + +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO + +=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions =over 4 @@ -11906,48 +17193,50 @@ hostpath(), peerpath() =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +B -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS =back -=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing +=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS -=over 4 +=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS -=item WARNING +=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS -=item SEE ALSO +cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, +cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error -handling +=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS + +=item EXAMPLES =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item WARNING +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class +=head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time =over 4 @@ -11955,63 +17244,61 @@ handling =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item DETAILS -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +=item OPTIONS -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item INSTALL -=item COPYRIGHT +=item NORMALIZER + +=item C, C + +C, C, C, C, C =back -=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants +=item OTHER FACILITIES =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item C -ftok( PATH, ID ) +=item C -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHORS +=item CAVEATS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT -=back +=item EXPIRATION SUPPORT -=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=item BUGS -=over 4 +=item MAILING LIST -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE -=item METHODS +=item THANK YOU -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for +Storable use -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object -class +=head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of +memoized values =over 4 @@ -12019,58 +17306,63 @@ class =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item INTERFACE -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat + TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE -=item SEE ALSO +=item ALTERNATIVES + +=item CAVEATS =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines +=head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce -BLOCK LIST, sum LIST +=back -=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS +=head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics -=item COPYRIGHT +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of -general-utility list subroutines +=head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for +Storable use =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for +Storable use + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce -BLOCK LIST, sum LIST +=back -=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS +=head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database -=item COPYRIGHT +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of -general-utility scalar subroutines +=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files =over 4 @@ -12078,16 +17370,22 @@ general-utility scalar subroutines =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +C, C, C -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item BLATANT PLUG +=over 4 + +=item C =back -=head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS + +=back + +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method +redispatch =over 4 @@ -12095,71 +17393,83 @@ EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =item DESCRIPTION -=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Enforcing redispatch -Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency +=item Avoiding repetitions + +=item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call + +=item Using C methods + +=back =item AUTHOR +=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS + =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) +=head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc) =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item USER METHODS -=item DESCRIPTION +debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), +dataend () -B, B, B +=item CLASS METHODS -=back +debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... +]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), +ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh () -=over 4 +=item EXPORTS -=item CONVERSION ROUTINES +=item AUTHOR -code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), -country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) +=item COPYRIGHT =back +=head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet + =over 4 -=item QUERY ROUTINES +=item SYNOPSYS -C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item METHODS -=over 4 +requires_firewall HOST + +=item NetConfig VALUES -=item CODE ALIASING +nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, +time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive, +ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists =back -=over 4 - -=item EXAMPLES +=head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name +and domain -=item DOMAIN NAMES +=over 4 -=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION -Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, -http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, -http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, -http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html +hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () =item AUTHOR @@ -12167,104 +17477,118 @@ http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html =back -=head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency -identification (ISO 4217) +=head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item OVERVIEW -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CONSTRUCTOR -XTS, XXX +new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) -=back +=item METHODS + +login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), +site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME +), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, +RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( +[ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), +put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE +] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), +size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ +BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), +stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), +pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( +SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), +abort (), quit () =over 4 -=item CONVERSION ROUTINES +=item Methods for the adventurous -code2currency(), currency2code() +quot (CMD [,ARGS]) =back -=over 4 - -=item QUERY ROUTINES +=item THE dataconn CLASS -C, C +read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), +bytes_read (), abort (), close () -=back +=item UNIMPLEMENTED -=over 4 +B, B, B, B, B, B, B -=item EXAMPLES +=item REPORTING BUGS -=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency +=item USE EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR +http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/ + +=item CREDITS =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification -(ISO 639) +=head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=over 4 +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item CONVERSION ROUTINES +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) -code2language(), language2code() +=item METHODS -=back +article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( +[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ +MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] +), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), +postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, +DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), +post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit () =over 4 -=item QUERY ROUTINES +=item Extension methods -C, C +newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), +overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN +), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( +MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ +GROUP ] ), reader =back -=over 4 +=item UNSUPPORTED -=item EXAMPLES +=item DEFINITIONS -=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS +MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), -http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html - =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization +=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939) =over 4 @@ -12272,88 +17596,96 @@ http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html =item DESCRIPTION -=item QUICK OVERVIEW - -=item METHODS +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over 4 +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0 -=item Construction Methods +=item METHODS -=item The "maketext" Method +auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER +[, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities +(), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] +), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] +), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () -$lh->fail_with I $lh->fail_with(I), $lh->failure_handler_auto +=item NOTES -=item Utility Methods +=item SEE ALSO -$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, -$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), -$language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), -$language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() +=item AUTHOR -=item Language Handle Attributes and Internals +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES +=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability -=item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON +=over 4 -=item BRACKET NOTATION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTO LEXICONS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE +=over 4 -=item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT +=item Functions -=item SEE ALSO +Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos +]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( +[ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host +[, $timeout]); -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=back -=item AUTHOR +=item NOTES -=back +=item INSTALL -=head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization +=item BUGS -=over 4 +=item AUTHORS -=item SYNOPSIS +=item COPYRIGHT -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes +=head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client =over 4 -=item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You - -=item The Linguistic View +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Breaking gettext +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Replacing gettext +=item EXAMPLES -=item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Buzzword: Isomorphism +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] ) -=item Buzzword: Inheritance +=item METHODS -=item Buzzword: Concision +banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( +USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), +send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( +ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] +), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), +data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ +$subject ] ), quit () -=item The Devil in the Details +=item ADDRESSES -=item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites +=item SEE ALSO -=item References +=item AUTHOR -=back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings +=head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface =over 4 @@ -12361,20 +17693,17 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =item DESCRIPTION -encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data +inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, +PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]) -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding -of quoted-printable strings +=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() +functions =over 4 @@ -12382,143 +17711,165 @@ of quoted-printable strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +=item EXAMPLES + +=item NOTE -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable -strings +=head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Where to get this document + +=item How to contribute to this document =back -=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package +=item Author and Copyright Information =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Disclaimer -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=over 4 +=item Obtaining and installing libnet -=item Canonical notation +=over 4 -=item Output +=item What is libnet ? -=item C, C and C +=item Which version of perl do I need ? -=item Accuracy vs. Precision +=item What other modules do I need ? -=item Rounding +=item What machines support libnet ? -ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale -), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 ) +=item Where can I get the latest libnet release =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Using Net::FTP - # not ready yet +=over 4 -=item Autocreating constants +=item How do I download files from an FTP server ? -=item BUGS +=item How do I transfer files in binary mode ? -=item CAVEAT +=item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ? -stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow +=item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server +? -=item LICENSE +=item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ? -=item AUTHORS +=item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ? -=back +=item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ? -=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package +=item Changing directory to "" does not fail ? -=over 4 +=item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside +? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21 + +=item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP +server ? + +=item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it +documented ? -Canonical notation, Input, Output +=item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods -=item ACCURACY and PRECISION +=back + +=item Using Net::SMTP =over 4 -=item Precision P +=item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the +hostname ? -=item Accuracy A +=item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ? -=item Fallback F +=item The verify method always returns true ? -=item Rounding mode R +=back -'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy -(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, -Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, -Remarks +=item Debugging scripts + +=over 4 + +=item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item INTERNALS +=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() +functions =over 4 -=item MATH LIBRARY +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SIGN +=item DESCRIPTION -=item mantissa(), exponent() and parts() +=item EXAMPLES + +=item NOTE + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item EXAMPLES +=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() +functions - use Math::BigInt qw(bstr); +=over 4 -=item Autocreating constants +=item SYNOPSIS -=item PERFORMANCE +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item NOTE -=item Alternative math libraries +=item AUTHOR =back -=item BUGS +=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() +functions -Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0 +=over 4 -=item CAVEATS +=item SYNOPSIS -stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, -Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt() +=item DESCRIPTION -=item LICENSE +=item EXAMPLES -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTE -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt +=head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file =over 4 @@ -12526,24 +17877,28 @@ Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt() =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORT +=item THE .netrc FILE -=item WRAP YOUR OWN +machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef +name -=item LICENSE +=item CONSTRUCTOR -This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it -under -the same terms as Perl itself. +lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ]) -=item AUTHORS +=item METHODS + +login (), password (), account (), lpa () + +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical -functions +=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends =over 4 @@ -12551,31 +17906,17 @@ functions =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPERATIONS - -=item CREATION - -=item STRINGIFICATION - -=over 4 - -=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 - -=back - -=item USAGE - -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO +=item CONVENTIONS -=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS +=item IMPLEMENTATION =item BUGS -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions +=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files =over 4 @@ -12583,50 +17924,67 @@ functions =item DESCRIPTION -=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS +C, C, C -B +=item DIAGNOSTICS =over 4 -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO - -=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS +=item C =back -=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS -=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS +=back + +=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code =over 4 -=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS +=item DESCRIPTION -cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, -cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical +=item NOTE -=back +=item WARNING -=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS +=item Operator Names and Operator Lists -=item EXAMPLES +an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname +or optag, an operator set (opset) -=over 4 +=item Opcode Functions -=item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS +opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), +full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), +define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), +opdump (PAT) + +=item Manipulating Opsets + +=item TO DO (maybe) =back -=item BUGS +=over 4 + +=item Predefined Opcode Tags + +:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, +:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, +:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, +:dangerous + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time +=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted +compartments =over 4 @@ -12634,142 +17992,176 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =item DESCRIPTION -=item DETAILS +a new namespace, an operator mask -=item OPTIONS +=item WARNING =over 4 -=item INSTALL +=item RECENT CHANGES -=item NORMALIZER +=item Methods in class Safe -=item C, C +permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, +...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from +(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), +root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) -C, C, C, C, C +=item Some Safety Issues + +Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item OTHER FACILITIES +=back + +=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when +compiling =over 4 -=item C +=item SYNOPSIS -=item C +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item CAVEATS +=back -=item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT +=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 -=item EXPIRATION SUPPORT +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item MAILING LIST +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item NOTE -=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE +=item CAVEATS -=item THANK YOU +=item FUNCTIONS -=back +_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, +atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, +clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, +cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, +execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, +fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, +fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, +fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, +geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, +getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, +isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, +isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, +log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, +memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, +offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, +putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, +rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, +setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, +sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, +strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, +strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, +strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, +tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, +tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, +unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, +wctomb, write -=head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for -Storable use +=item CLASSES =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back +=item POSIX::SigAction -=head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of -memoized values +new, handler, mask, flags, safe -=over 4 +=item POSIX::SigSet -=item SYNOPSIS +new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember -=item DESCRIPTION +=item POSIX::Termios -=item INTERFACE +new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, +getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, +setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc +field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field +values, c_oflag field values - TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE +=back -=item ALTERNATIVES +=item PATHNAME CONSTANTS -=item CAVEATS +Constants -=item AUTHOR +=item POSIX CONSTANTS -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=back +=item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION -=head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics +Constants -=over 4 +=item ERRNO -=item DESCRIPTION +Constants -=back +=item FCNTL -=head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics +Constants -=over 4 +=item FLOAT -=item DESCRIPTION +Constants -=back +=item LIMITS -=head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for -Storable use +Constants -=over 4 +=item LOCALE -=item DESCRIPTION +Constants -=back +=item MATH -=head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for -Storable use +Constants -=over 4 +=item SIGNAL -=item DESCRIPTION +Constants -=back +=item STAT -=head2 Memoize::Saves - Plug-in module to specify which return values -should be memoized +Constants, Macros -=over 4 +=item STDLIB -=item SYNOPSIS +Constants -=item DESCRIPTION +=item STDIO -=item CAVEATS +Constants -=item AUTHOR +=item TIME -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=back +=item UNISTD -=head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database +Constants -=over 4 +=item WAIT -=item DESCRIPTION +Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, +WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG =back -=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files +=head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* +name space =over 4 @@ -12777,37 +18169,29 @@ should be memoized =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C - -=item DIAGNOSTICS +:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32 =over 4 -=item C - -=back - -=item BUGS AND WARNINGS +=item Custom Layers -=back +:encoding, :via -=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch +=item Alternatives to raw -=over 4 +=item Defaults and how to override them -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Querying the layers of filehandles -=item DESCRIPTION +=back =item AUTHOR -=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc) +=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer =over 4 @@ -12815,47 +18199,52 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item USER METHODS +=item SEE ALSO -debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), -dataend () +=back -=item CLASS METHODS +=head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO -debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... -]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), -ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot () +=over 4 -=item EXPORTS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHOR +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +=item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE =back -=head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet +=head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl =over 4 -=item SYNOPSYS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item EXPECTED METHODS -requires_firewall HOST +$class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), +$obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), +$obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), +$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), +$obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), +$obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), +$obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) -=item NetConfig VALUES +=item EXAMPLES -nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, -time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_ext_passive, ftp_int_pasive, -local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists +=over 4 + +=item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle =back -=head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name -and domain +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings =over 4 @@ -12863,121 +18252,99 @@ and domain =item DESCRIPTION -hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () +=item REQUIRED MODULES -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class +=head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OVERVIEW - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new (HOST [,OPTIONS]) - -=item METHODS - -login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), -site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) -ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME -), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), rmdir ( DIR ), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE -]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, -WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, -REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), -mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( -[FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ -DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( -[ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), -pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( -NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () +=item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS =over 4 -=item Methods for the adventurous +=item podchecker() -quot (CMD [,ARGS]) +B<-warnings> =E I =back -=item THE dataconn CLASS +=item DESCRIPTION -read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), -abort (), close () +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item UNIMPLEMENTED +=over 4 -B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B +=item Errors -=item REPORTING BUGS +empty =headn, =over on line I without closing =back, =item without +previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end +without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, +unresolved internal link I, Unknown command "I", Unknown +interior-sequence "I", nested commands +IE...IE...E...E, garbled entity I, Entity +number out of range, malformed link LEE, nonempty ZEE, +empty XEE, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s) +after =back -=item AUTHOR +=item Warnings -=item SEE ALSO +multiple occurrence of link target I, line containing nothing but +whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has +no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I +vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No +items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI without preceding higher +level -=item CREDITS +=item Hyperlinks -=item COPYRIGHT +ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' +deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or / =back -=head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item RETURN VALUE -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item EXAMPLES -new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) +=item INTERFACE -=item METHODS +=back -article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( -[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] -), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( -USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( -SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave -(), quit () +Cnew( %options )> -=over 4 +C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, +@args )> -=item Extension methods +C<$checker-Enum_errors()> -newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), -overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN -), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( -MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ -GROUP ] ), reader +C<$checker-Enum_warnings()> -=back +C<$checker-Ename()> -=item UNSUPPORTED +C<$checker-Enode()> -=item DEFINITIONS +C<$checker-Eidx()> -MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C +C<$checker-Ehyperlink()> -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081) +=head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees =over 4 @@ -12985,53 +18352,47 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] ) +=back -=item METHODS +=over 4 -user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER, -PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, -FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( -MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () +=item C -=item NOTES +C<-verbose =E 1>, C<-perl =E 1>, C<-script =E 1>, C<-inc =E +1> -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item C =back -=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item C -=item DESCRIPTION +C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E +1> -icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external +=back =over 4 -=item Functions - -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +=item C =back -=item NOTES +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client +=head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML =over 4 @@ -13039,326 +18400,255 @@ $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +=item ARGUMENTS -=item CONSTRUCTOR +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir, +htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, +quiet, recurse, title, verbose -new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] +=item EXAMPLE -=item METHODS +=item ENVIRONMENT -banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), mail ( ADDRESS [, -OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( -ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), -to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), -verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit () +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface +=head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, +commands, etc. =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item REQUIRES -inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, -PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]) +=item EXPORTS -=item AUTHOR +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +package B, package B, package +B, package B =back -=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() -functions - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B -=item EXAMPLES +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item B =back -=head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions - =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B -=over 4 +=back -=item Where to get this document +=over 4 -=item How to contribute to this document +=item B =back -=item Author and Copyright Information - =over 4 -=item Disclaimer +=item B =back -=item Obtaining and installing libnet - =over 4 -=item What is libnet ? - -=item Which version of perl do I need ? +=item B -=item What other modules do I need ? +=back -=item What machines support libnet ? +=over 4 -=item Where can I get the latest libnet release +=item Pod::Paragraph-EB =back -=item Using Net::FTP - =over 4 -=item How do I download files from a FTP server ? - -=item How do I transfer files in binary mode ? +=item $pod_para-EB -=item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ? +=back -=item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server -? +=over 4 -=item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ? +=item $pod_para-EB -=item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ? +=back -=item How do I get a directory listing from a FTP server ? +=over 4 -=item Changeing directory to "" does not fail ? +=item $pod_para-EB -=item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ? +=back -=item I am behind a FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside -? +=over 4 -=item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21 +=item $pod_para-EB -=item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP -server ? +=back -=item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it -documented ? +=over 4 -=item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=item Using Net::SMTP - =over 4 -=item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the -hostname ? - -=item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ? - -=item The verify method always returns true ? +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=item Debugging scripts - =over 4 -=item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ? +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=over 4 -=back +=item B -=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() -functions +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Pod::InteriorSequence-EB -=item EXAMPLES +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() -functions - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() -functions - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item EXAMPLES +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item THE .netrc FILE +=back -machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef -name +=over 4 -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item $pod_seq-EB -lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ]) +=back -=item METHODS +=over 4 -login (), password (), account (), lpa () +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item AUTHOR +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Pod::InteriorSequence::B -=item CONVENTIONS +=back -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item B =back -=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -C, C, C +=item Pod::ParseTree-EB -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=back =over 4 -=item C +=item $ptree-EB =back -=item BUGS AND WARNINGS +=over 4 -=back +=item $ptree-EB -=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $ptree-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item WARNING +=item $ptree-EB -=item Operator Names and Operator Lists +=back -an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname -or optag, an operator set (opset) +=over 4 -=item Opcode Functions +=item $ptree-EB -opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), -full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), -define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), -opdump (PAT) +=back -=item Manipulating Opsets +=over 4 -=item TO DO (maybe) +=item Pod::ParseTree::B =back =over 4 -=item Predefined Opcode Tags - -:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, -:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, -:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, -:dangerous - =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted -compartments +=head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex =over 4 @@ -13366,175 +18656,121 @@ compartments =item DESCRIPTION -a new namespace, an operator mask - -=item WARNING +=back =over 4 -=item RECENT CHANGES - -=item Methods in class Safe - -permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, -...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from -(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), -root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) - -=item Some Safety Issues - -Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes - -=item AUTHOR +=item OBJECT METHODS -=back +C =back -=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when -compiling - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Data Accessors -=item SEE ALSO +B =back -=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +B -=item NOTE +B