X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=318521ee271b92858380fbf5d656d8d354498a4b;hb=9137345a080bfc646c2f9440cdb7bd90b8b37428;hp=3b6885f03be829a9790ee784151457ff754372b8;hpb=34babc168865edbd6963528152c3c3b68680b55f;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index 3b6885f..318521e 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -1,4 +1,8 @@ +# !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!! +# This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods. +# Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes. + =head1 NAME perltoc - perl documentation table of contents @@ -29,6 +33,8 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =item Miscellaneous +=item Language-Specific + =item Platform-Specific =back @@ -101,274 +107,270 @@ Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features =back -=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2001/11/19 -17:09:37 $) +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? -=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. +=item The Solution -=item L: General Questions About Perl +=item Syntax -=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl +=over 4 -=item L: Programming Tools +=item Making References -=item L: Data Manipulation +=item Using References -=item L: Files and Formats +=item An Example -=item L: Regexps +=item Arrow Rule -=item L: General Perl Language Issues +=back -=item L: System Interaction +=item Solution -=item L: Networking +=item The Rest -=back +=item Summary -=item About the perlfaq documents +=item Credits =over 4 -=item Where to get the perlfaq - -=item How to contribute to the perlfaq - -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=item Distribution Conditions =back -=item Credits +=back -=item Author and Copyright Information +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook =over 4 -=item Bundled Distributions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Disclaimer +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs -=back +=item REFERENCES -=item Changes +=item COMMON MISTAKES -1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, -24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, -Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE -=back +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=item DEBUGGING -=over 4 +=item CODE EXAMPLES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=back -=item Declarations +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS -=item Simple statements +=over 4 -=item Compound statements +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Loop Control +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item For Loops +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Foreach Loops +=back -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=item Goto +=over 4 -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=back +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES =back -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=item HASHES OF HASHES =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES -=over 4 +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Variable names +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Context +=back -=item Scalar values +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Scalar value constructors +=over 4 -=item List value constructors +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Slices +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS =back +=item Database Ties + =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays -=item The Arrow Operator +=item Growing Your Own -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item Access and Printing -=item Exponentiation +=item Slices -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=back -=item Binding Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Multiplicative Operators +=item AUTHOR -=item Additive Operators +=back -=item Shift Operators +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=item Named Unary Operators +=over 4 -=item Relational Operators +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Equality Operators +=item The Guide -=item Bitwise And +=over 4 -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=item Simple word matching -=item C-style Logical And +=item Using character classes -=item C-style Logical Or +=item Matching this or that -=item Range Operators +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item Conditional Operator +=item Extracting matches -=item Assignment Operators +=item Matching repetitions -=item Comma Operator +=item More matching -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=item Search and replace -=item Logical Not +=item The split operator -=item Logical And +=back -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=item BUGS -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +=item SEE ALSO -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=over 4 -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=item Acknowledgments -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, -C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, -C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial -=item I/O Operators +=over 4 -=item Constant Folding +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Bitwise String Operators +=item Part 1: The basics -=item Integer Arithmetic +=over 4 -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +=item Simple word matching -=item Bigger Numbers +=item Using character classes -=back +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item Building a regexp + +=item Using regular expressions in Perl =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=item Part 2: Power tools =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions -=over 4 +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression -=item Private Variables via my() +=item Non-capturing groupings -=item Persistent Private Variables +=item Looking ahead and looking behind -=item Temporary Values via local() +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Conditional expressions -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression -=item When to Still Use local() +=item Pragmas and debugging -=item Pass by Reference +=back -=item Prototypes +=item BUGS -=item Constant Functions +=item SEE ALSO -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Autoloading +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Attributes +=item Acknowledgments =back -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial =over 4 @@ -376,353 +378,243 @@ regular expressions =over 4 -=item Perl Functions by Category +=item If we could talk to the animals... -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow -=item Portability - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Invoking a barnyard -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr -NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir -DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, -defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, -dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval -BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, -fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock -FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, -getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority -WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname -NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname -NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, -getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, -gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, -sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent -STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, -endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, -glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep -EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index -STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join -EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, -lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen -SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log, -lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, -mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv -ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, -next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE, -opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, -pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe -READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE -LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, -LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, -qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, -rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, -recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort -BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice -ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf -FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, -substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +=item The extra parameter of method invocation -=back +=item Calling a second method to simplify things -=back +=item Inheriting the windpipes -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=item A few notes about @ISA -=over 4 +=item Overriding the methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Starting the search from a different place -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=item The SUPER way of doing things -=item The Solution +=item Where we're at so far... -=item Syntax +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? -=over 4 +=item Invoking an instance method -=item Making References +=item Accessing the instance data -=item Using References +=item How to build a horse -=back +=item Inheriting the constructor -=item An Example +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances -=item Arrow Rule +=item Adding parameters to a method -=item Solution +=item More interesting instances -=item The Rest +=item A horse of a different color =item Summary -=item Credits - -=over 4 +=back -=item Distribution Conditions +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +=item Creating a Class -=item REFERENCES +=over 4 -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=item Object Representation -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +=item Class Interface -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C +=item Constructors and Instance Methods -=item DEBUGGING +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Destructors -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +=item Other Object Methods + +=back + +=item Class Data =over 4 -=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Accessing Class Data -=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Debugging Methods -=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Class Destructors + +=item Documenting the Interface =back -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS +=item Aggregation + +=item Inheritance =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Overridden Methods -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Multiple Inheritance -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects =back -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item Alternate Object Representations =over 4 -=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES - -=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Arrays as Objects -=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Closures as Objects =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Autoloaded Data Methods -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods =back -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item Metaclassical Tools =over 4 -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Class::Struct -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Data Members as Variables =back -=item Database Ties +=item NOTES -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Object Terminology =back -=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start - -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item The Guide +=item COPYRIGHT =over 4 -=item Simple word matching - -=item Using character classes +=item Acknowledgments -=item Matching this or that +=back -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=back -=item Extracting matches +=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl -=item Matching repetitions +=over 4 -=item More matching +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Search and replace +=item Class Data in a Can -=item The split operator +=item Class Data as Package Variables -=back +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket -=item SEE ALSO +=item Inheritance Concerns -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object -=over 4 +=item Indirect References to Class Data -=item Acknowledgments +=item Monadic Classes -=back +=item Translucent Attributes =back -=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables =over 4 -=item Ordinary Paragraph - -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item Privacy and Responsibility -=item Command Paragraph +=item File-Scoped Lexicals -C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item -I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end -I>, C<=for I I> +=item More Inheritance Concerns -=item Formatting Codes +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used -for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, -Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null -(zero-effect) formatting code +=item Translucency Revisited -=item The Intent +=back -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item NOTES -=item Hints for Writing Pod +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and -notes +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Pod Definitions +=item OO SCALING TIPS -=item Pod Commands +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES -"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", -"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..." +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Pod Formatting Codes +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for -filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a -null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text -contains non-breaking spaces +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS -=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS -=item About LE...E Codes +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM -First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE -=item About =over...=back Regions +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT -=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item DELEGATION -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -734,7 +626,7 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =back -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary +=head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet =over 4 @@ -742,11 +634,31 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =over 4 -=item Awk Traps +=item The sheet -=item C Traps +=back -=item Sed Traps +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Awk Traps + +=item C/C++ Traps + +=item Sed Traps =item Shell Traps @@ -761,54 +673,84 @@ Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps -Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, -Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, -Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance +Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-colon valid +package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd args to C are now +in scalar context, Can't do C into a block that is optimized away, +Can't use whitespace as variable name or quote delimiter, C gone, C<**> binds tighter than unary minus, C changed when +iterating over a list, C with no args behavior changed, B<-e> +behavior fixed, C returns number of elements in resulting list, Some +error messages differ, C honors subroutine args, Bugs removed =item Parsing Traps -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in perl 5, +Function parsing, String interpolation of C<$#array> differs, Perl guesses +on C, C followed by C<{> if it starts BLOCK or hash ref =item Numerical Traps -Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops +Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment operator over +signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values from numeric equality +tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops =item General data type traps -(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), -(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) +Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Setting +C<$#array> lower now discards array elements, Hashes get defined before +use, Glob assignment from localized variable to variable, Assigning +C to glob, Changes in unary negation (of strings), Modifying of +constants prohibited, C behavior changed, Variable Suicide =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts -(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) +Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list context, +C returns false value in scalar context if no caller present, +Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar context to args, C +prototyped as C<($;@)> =item Precedence Traps -Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, -Precedence +LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors introduced due to +precedence, Precedence of assignment operators same as the precedence of +assignment, C requires parentheses around filehandle, C<$:> +precedence over C<$::> gone, Precedence of file test operators documented, +C, C, C are regular named unary operators =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. -Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular -Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +C interpolates on either side, C attaches its state to +the searched string, C used within an anonymous sub, C<$+> isn't set +to whole match, Substitution now returns null string if it fails, +C is now a normal substitution, Stricter parsing of variables +in regular expressions, C matches only once, Failed matches don't +reset the match variables =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps -(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle +Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine calls, +Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort subroutine, C +won't let you specify a filehandle =item OS Traps -(SysV), (SysV) +SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV C appends correctly =item Interpolation Traps -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation +C<@> always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings, Double-quoted +strings may no longer end with an unescaped $, Arbitrary expressions are +evaluated inside braces within double quotes, C<$$x> now tries to +dereference $x, Creation of hashes on the fly with C requires +protection, Bugs in earlier perl versions, Array and hash brackets during +interpolation, Interpolation of C<\$$foo{bar}>, C string passed to +C will not find string terminator =item DBM Traps -DBM, DBM +Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default for +C, DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will cause perl5 to +exit immediately =item Unclassified Traps @@ -819,52 +761,42 @@ LIMIT specified =back -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item use strict -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=item Looking at data and -w and v -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +=item help -=item Location of Perl +=item Stepping through code -=item Command Switches +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, -B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], -B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS -=back +=item OUTPUT TIPS -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item CGI -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, -PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to -the VMS port) +=item GUIs -=back +=item SUMMARY -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings +=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2005/03/27 +07:21:21 $) =over 4 @@ -872,126 +804,112 @@ the VMS port) =over 4 -=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings - -=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> - -=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line - -B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> - -=item Backward Compatibility - -=item Category Hierarchy +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item Fatal Warnings +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -=item Reporting Warnings from a Module +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors =back -=item TODO +=item Credits -=item SEE ALSO +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Bundled Distributions -=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial +=item Disclaimer -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Table of Contents -=item use strict +perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 +- Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 +- Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular +Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System +Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking -=item Looking at data and -w and w +=item The Questions -=item help +=over 4 -=item Stepping through code +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS +=item L: Programming Tools -=item OUTPUT TIPS +=item L: Data Manipulation -=item CGI +=item L: Files and Formats -=item GUIs +=item L: Regular Expressions -=item SUMMARY +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -=item SEE ALSO +=item L: System Interaction -=item AUTHOR +=item L: Networking -=item CONTRIBUTORS +=back =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: +2005/01/31 15:52:15 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger - =over 4 -=item Debugger Commands +=item What is Perl? -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, @ file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man -[manpage] +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? -=item Configurable Options +=item Which version of Perl should I use? -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item What are perl4, perl5, or perl6? -=item Debugger input/output +=item What is Ponie? -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing +=item What is perl6? -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item How stable is Perl? -=item Debugger Customization +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? -=item Readline Support +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? -=item The Perl Profiler +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? -=back +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? -=item Debugging memory usage +=item What is a JAPH? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? -=item BUGS +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language? =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.31 $, +$Date: 2005/01/31 15:54:44 $) =over 4 @@ -999,376 +917,360 @@ listing =over 4 -=item Predefined Names +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? -$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, -HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, -IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, -HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, -IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, -IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, -$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, -HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, -HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, -HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, -@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as -C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> -is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as -C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), -$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, -IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, -$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, -$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, -$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, -$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), -$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, -$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, -${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, -0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, -$BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, -${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, -$ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? -=item Error Indicators +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. -=back +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? -=item BUGS +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? -=back +=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=item Where can I get information on Perl? -=over 4 +=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where should I post source code? -=over 4 +=item Perl Books -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics -=item Growing Your Own +=item Perl in Magazines -=item Access and Printing +=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access -=item Slices +=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? -=back +=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? -=item AUTHOR +=item Where do I send bug reports? + +=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? =back -=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.47 $, $Date: 2005/03/27 +07:21:22 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Open E la shell - =over 4 -=item Simple Opens +=item How do I do (anything)? -=item Pipe Opens +=item How can I use Perl interactively? -=item The Minus File +=item Is there a Perl shell? -=item Mixing Reads and Writes +=item How do I find which modules are installed on my system? -=item Filters +=item How do I debug my Perl programs? -=back +=item How do I profile my Perl programs? -=item Open E la C +=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? -=over 4 +=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? -=item Permissions E la mode +=item Is there a ctags for Perl? -=back +=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? -=item Obscure Open Tricks +Eclipse, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual +Perl, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and +BBEdit Lite -=over 4 +=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? -=item Re-Opening Files (dups) +=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? -=item Dispelling the Dweomer +=item How can I use curses with Perl? -=item Paths as Opens +=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? -=item Single Argument Open +=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? -=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT +=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? -=back +Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and +stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk -=item Other I/O Issues +=item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data? -=over 4 +=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? -=item Opening Non-File Files +=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? -=item Binary Files +=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? -=item File Locking +=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? -=back +=item How can I compile Perl into Java? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT - -=item HISTORY - -=back - -=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C - -=over 4 +=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? -=item The Basic Principle +=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? -=item Packing Text +=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? -=item Packing Numbers +=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] -=over 4 +=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C +program; what am I doing wrong? -=item Integers +=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? -=item Unpacking a Stack Frame +=item What's MakeMaker? -=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net +=back -=item Floating point Numbers +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item Exotic Templates +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.61 $, $Date: 2005/03/11 +16:27:53 $) =over 4 -=item Bit Strings - -=item Uuencoding - -=item Doing Sums - -=item Unicode - -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Lengths and Widths +=item Data: Numbers =over 4 -=item String Lengths +=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the +numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? -=item Dynamic Templates +=item Why is int() broken? -=item Another Portable Binary Encoding +=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? -=back +=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? +Trig functions? -=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures +=item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes? -=over 4 +How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to +hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from +decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert +from decimal to binary -=item The Alignment Pit +=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? -=item Alignment, Take 2 +=item How do I multiply matrices? -=item Pointers for How to Use Them +=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? -=back +=item How can I output Roman numerals? -=item Pack Recipes +=item Why aren't my random numbers random? -=item Authors +=item How do I get a random number between X and Y? =back -=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial +=item Data: Dates =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I find the day or week of the year? -=item Part 1: The basics +=item How do I find the current century or millennium? -=over 4 +=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? -=item Simple word matching +=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? -=item Using character classes +=item How can I find the Julian Day? -=item Matching this or that +=item How do I find yesterday's date? -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? -=item Extracting matches +=back -=item Matching repetitions +=item Data: Strings -=item Building a regexp +=over 4 -=item Using regular expressions in Perl +=item How do I validate input? -=back +=item How do I unescape a string? -=item Part 2: Power tools +=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? -=over 4 +=item How do I expand function calls in a string? -=item More on characters, strings, and character classes +=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? -=item Compiling and saving regular expressions +=item How do I reverse a string? -=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression +=item How do I expand tabs in a string? -=item Non-capturing groupings +=item How do I reformat a paragraph? -=item Looking ahead and looking behind +=item How can I access or change N characters of a string? -=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking +=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? -=item Conditional expressions +=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a +string? -=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression +=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? -=item Pragmas and debugging +=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside +[character]? -=back +=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? -=item BUGS +=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? -=over 4 +=item How can I expand variables in text strings? -=item Acknowledgments +=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? -=back +=item Why don't my EEHERE documents work? + +There must be no space after the EE part, There (probably) should +be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of +the tag =back -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=item Data: Arrays =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item What is the difference between a list and an array? -i, m, s, x +=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? -=over 4 +=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -=item Regular Expressions +a), b), c), d), e) -[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or +array? -=item Extended Patterns +=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the +intersection of two arrays? -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? -=item Backtracking +=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item How do I handle linked lists? -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item How do I handle circular lists? -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? -=item Combining pieces together +=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item How do I select a random element from an array? -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item How do I permute N elements of a list? -=back +=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? -=item BUGS +=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? =back -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) =over 4 -=item NOTE +=item How do I process an entire hash? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over +it? -=over 4 +=item How do I look up a hash element by value? -=item Making References +=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? -=item Using References +=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? -=item Symbolic references +=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? -=item Function Templates +=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? -=back +=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? -=item WARNING +=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? -=back +=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create +it? -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or +array of hashes or arrays? -=over 4 +=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item Data: Misc =over 4 -=item Format Variables +=item How do I handle binary data correctly? -=back +=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? -=item NOTES +=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? -=over 4 +=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? -=item Footers +=item How do I define methods for every class/object? -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? + +=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? =back -=item WARNINGS +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.35 $, $Date: 2005/01/21 +12:26:11 $) =over 4 @@ -1376,215 +1278,244 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a +line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? -=item Invoking a barnyard +=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program? -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item How can I copy a file? -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item How do I make a temporary file name? -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? -=item Overriding the methods +=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass +filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? -=item Starting the search from a different place +=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? -=item Where we're at so far... +=item How can I write() into a string? -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? -=item Invoking an instance method +=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? -=item Accessing the instance data +=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? -=item How to build a horse +=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use +E*E? -=item Inheriting the constructor +=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item How can I reliably rename a file? -=item More interesting instances +=item How can I lock a file? -=item A horse of a different color +=item Why can't I just open(FH, "Efile.lock")? -=item Summary +=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in +the file. How can I do this? -=back +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I randomly update a binary file? -=item COPYRIGHT +=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? -=back +=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=item How do I print to more than one file at once? -=over 4 +=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? -=item Creating a Class +=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? -=over 4 +=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? -=item Object Representation +=item How do I do a C in perl? -=item Class Interface +=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't +`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? -=item Destructors +=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? -=item Other Object Methods +=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber +protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? + +=item How do I select a random line from a file? + +=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? =back -=item Class Data +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.31 $, $Date: 2005/03/27 +07:17:28 $) =over 4 -=item Accessing Class Data +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Debugging Methods +=over 4 -=item Class Destructors +=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible +and unmaintainable code? -=item Documenting the Interface +Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters -=back +=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? -=item Aggregation +=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on +different lines? -=item Inheritance +=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=over 4 +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving +case on the RHS? -=item Overridden Methods +=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? -=back +=item What is C really for? -=item Alternate Object Representations +=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a +file? -=over 4 +=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? -=item Arrays as Objects +=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item Closures as Objects +=item How do I process each word on each line? -=back +=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=item How can I do approximate matching? -=over 4 +=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? -=back +=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item What's wrong with using grep in a void context? -=over 4 +=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? -=item Class::Struct +=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? -=item Data Members as Variables +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item NOTES +=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: +2005/03/27 07:19:01 $) =over 4 -=item Object Terminology - -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? -=item COPYRIGHT +=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to +use them? -=over 4 +=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and +commas? -=item Acknowledgments +=item How do I skip some return values? -=back +=item How do I temporarily block warnings? -=back +=item What's an extension? -=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? -=over 4 +=item How do I declare/create a structure? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I create a module? -=item Class Data in a Can +=item How do I create a class? -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? -=over 4 +=item What's a closure? -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? -=item Inheritance Concerns +=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, +Regex}? -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, +Passing Methods -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=item How do I create a static variable? -=item Monadic Classes +=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? +Between local() and my()? -=item Translucent Attributes +=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical +is in scope? -=back +=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = EFILEE;" work right? -=over 4 +=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=item How do I create a switch or case statement? -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or +methods? -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? -=item Translucency Revisited +=item How can I find out my current package? -=back +=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? -=item NOTES +=item How do I clear a package? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item What does "bad interpreter" mean? -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=back -=item HISTORY +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: 2005/01/03 +18:43:37 $) =over 4 @@ -1592,814 +1523,897 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item An Object is Simply a Reference - -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=item How come exec() doesn't return? -=item Method Invocation +=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? -=item Indirect Object Syntax +Keyboard, Screen, Mouse -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item How do I print something out in color? -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? -=item Destructors +=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? -=item Summary +=item How do I clear the screen? -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=item How do I get the screen size? -=back +=item How do I ask the user for a password? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I read and write the serial port? -=back +lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=item How do I decode encrypted password files? -=over 4 +=item How do I start a process in the background? -=item DESCRIPTION +STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=item How do I trap control characters/signals? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How do I set the time and date? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item How can I measure time under a second? -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? -=item DELEGATION +=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? -=back +=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? -=over 4 +=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? -=over 4 +=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, +^Z on MS-DOS)? -=item Tying Scalars +=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? -=item Tying Arrays +=item How can I write expect in Perl? -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, -key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, -UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY -this +=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as +"ps"? -=item Tying Hashes +=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How +come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my +changes to be visible? -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this +Unix -=item Tying FileHandles +=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to +complete? -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How do I fork a daemon process? -=item UNTIE this +=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? -=item The C Gotcha +=item How do I timeout a slow event? -=back +=item How do I set CPU limits? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? -=item BUGS +=item How do I use an SQL database? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? -=back +=item How do I open a file without blocking? -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl? -=over 4 +=item How do I install a module from CPAN? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item What's the difference between require and use? -=item Signals +=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? -=item Named Pipes +=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library +search path? -=over 4 +=item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime? -=item WARNING +=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? =back -=item Using open() for IPC +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.19 $, $Date: 2005/01/21 12:14:12 +$) =over 4 -=item Filehandles +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Background Processes +=over 4 -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +Server Error) -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item How do I remove HTML from a string? -=back +=item How do I extract URLs? -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a +file on another machine? -=over 4 +=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item How do I fetch an HTML file? -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? -=back +=item How do I redirect to another page? -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item How do I put a password on my web pages? -=over 4 +=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? -=item A Simple Client +=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my +CGI script to do bad things? -C, C, C +=item How do I parse a mail header? -=item A Webget Client +=item How do I decode a CGI form? -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item How do I check a valid mail address? -=back +=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item How do I return the user's mail address? -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=item How do I send mail? -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? -=item SysV IPC +=item How do I read mail? -=item NOTES +=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? -=item BUGS +=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I do RPC in Perl? =back -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes +=item Declarations -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets +=item Comments -=item Resource limits +=item Simple Statements -=item Killing the parent process +=item Truth and Falsehood -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item Statement Modifiers -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item Compound Statements -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item Loop Control -=back +=item For Loops -=item BUGS +=item Foreach Loops -=item AUTHOR +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements -=item SEE ALSO +=item Goto + +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation + +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) =back -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=back -=over 4 +=head2 perldata - Perl data types -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Storing numbers +=over 4 -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item Variable names -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=item Context -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item Scalar values -=item AUTHOR +=item Scalar value constructors -=item SEE ALSO +=item List value constructors -=back +=item Subscripts -=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl +=item Slices -=over 4 +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item What Is A Thread Anyway? - -=item Threaded Program Models - =over 4 -=item Boss/Worker +=item Operator Precedence and Associativity -=item Work Crew +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) -=item Pipeline +=item The Arrow Operator -=back +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement -=item Native threads +=item Exponentiation -=item What kind of threads are perl threads? +=item Symbolic Unary Operators -=item Threadsafe Modules +=item Binding Operators -=item Thread Basics +=item Multiplicative Operators -=over 4 +=item Additive Operators -=item Basic Thread Support +=item Shift Operators -=item Creating Threads +=item Named Unary Operators -=item Giving up control +=item Relational Operators -=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit +=item Equality Operators -=item Errors In Threads +=item Bitwise And -=item Ignoring A Thread +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or -=back +=item C-style Logical And -=item Threads And Data +=item C-style Logical Or -=over 4 +=item C-style Logical Defined-Or -=item Shared And Unshared Data +=item Range Operators -=item Thread Pitfall: Races +=item Conditional Operator -=item Controlling access: lock() +=item Assignment Operators -=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks +=item Comma Operator -=item Queues: Passing Data Around +=item List Operators (Rightward) -=back +=item Logical Not -=item Threads And Code +=item Logical And -=over 4 +=item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or -=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access +=item C Operators Missing From Perl -Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) -=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators -=item Subroutine Locks +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators -=item Methods +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, +C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, +C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions -=item General Thread Utility Routines +=item I/O Operators -=over 4 +=item Constant Folding -=item What Thread Am I In? +=item No-ops -=item Thread IDs - -=item Are These Threads The Same? - -=item What Threads Are Running? - -=back - -=item A Complete Example - -=item Conclusion - -=item Bibliography - -=over 4 +=item Bitwise String Operators -=item Introductory Texts +=item Integer Arithmetic -=item OS-Related References +=item Floating-point Arithmetic -=item Other References +=item Bigger Numbers =back -=item Acknowledgements - -=item AUTHOR - -=item Copyrights - =back -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item SYNOPSIS -=item ISSUES +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Newlines +=item Private Variables via my() -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item Persistent Private Variables -=item Files and Filesystems +=item Temporary Values via local() -=item System Interaction +=item Lvalue subroutines -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) -=item Standard Modules +=item When to Still Use local() -=item Time and Date +=item Pass by Reference -=item Character sets and character encoding +=item Prototypes -=item Internationalisation +=item Constant Functions -=item System Resources +=item Overriding Built-in Functions -=item Security +=item Autoloading -=item Style +=item Subroutine Attributes =back -=item CPAN Testers +=item SEE ALSO -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=back -=item PLATFORMS +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions =over 4 -=item Unix - -=item DOS and Derivatives - -=item S - -=item VMS - -=item VOS - -=item EBCDIC Platforms - -=item Acorn RISC OS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Other perls +=over 4 -=back +=item Perl Functions by Category -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 -=over 4 +=item Portability =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock -FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority -WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, -getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless +REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp( +LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, -kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, -lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv -ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe -READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select -RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget -KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS - -=back - -=item CHANGES - -v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, -v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 -May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February -1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September -1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, -v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 - -=item Supported Platforms - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +localtime, lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK +LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, mkdir, msgctl +ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd +ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, +next LABEL, next, no Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module +LIST, no Module, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord +EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : +ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe +READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE +LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, +LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, +qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, +rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, +recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename +OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, +return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex +STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar +EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select +FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl +ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair +SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, +sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, +splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format +parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum +width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat +FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME +(PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use +Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use +VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid +PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// -=item VERSION +=back =back -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES - -=item USING LOCALES +=item Open E la shell =over 4 -=item The use locale pragma +=item Simple Opens -=item The setlocale function +=item Indirect Filehandles -=item Finding locales +=item Pipe Opens -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=item The Minus File -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=item Mixing Reads and Writes -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=item Filters -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=back -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item Open E la C -=item The localeconv function +=over 4 -=item I18N::Langinfo +=item Permissions E la mode =back -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=item Obscure Open Tricks =over 4 -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation - -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=item Dispelling the Dweomer -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=item Paths as Opens -=item LC_TIME +=item Single Argument Open -=item Other categories +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT =back -=item SECURITY - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG - -=item NOTES +=item Other I/O Issues =over 4 -=item Backward compatibility - -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +=item Opening Non-File Files -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +=item Opening Named Pipes -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=item Opening Sockets -=item Freely available locale definitions +=item Binary Files -=item I18n and l10n +=item File Locking -=item An imperfect standard +=item IO Layers =back -=item BUGS - -=over 4 - -=item Broken systems - -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT =item HISTORY =back -=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction +=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item The Basic Principle -=item Unicode +=item Packing Text -=item Perl's Unicode Support +=item Packing Numbers -=item Perl's Unicode Model +=over 4 -=item Creating Unicode +=item Integers -=item Handling Unicode +=item Unpacking a Stack Frame -=item Legacy Encodings +=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net -=item Unicode I/O +=item Byte-order modifiers -=item Special Cases +=item Floating point Numbers -=item Advanced Topics +=back -=item Miscellaneous +=item Exotic Templates -=item Questions With Answers +=over 4 -Will My Old Scripts Break?, How Do I Make My Scripts Work With Unicode?, -How Do I Know Whether My String Is In Unicode?, How Do I Detect Invalid -UTF-8?, How Do I Convert Data Into UTF-8? Or Vice Versa?, How Do I Display -Unicode? How Do I Input Unicode?, How Does Unicode Work With Traditional -Locales? +=item Bit Strings -=item Hexadecimal Notation +=item Uuencoding -=item Further Resources +=item Doing Sums + +=item Unicode + +=item Another Portable Binary Encoding =back -=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS +=item Template Grouping -=item SEE ALSO +=item Lengths and Widths -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE +=item String Lengths -=back +=item Dynamic Templates -=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl +=item Counting Repetitions -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures =over 4 -=item Important Caveats +=item The Alignment Pit -Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed -to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts +=item Dealing with Endian-ness -=item Byte and Character semantics +=item Alignment, Take 2 -=item Effects of character semantics +=item Alignment, Take 3 -=item Scripts +=item Pointers for How to Use Them -=item Blocks +=back + +=item Pack Recipes -=item Character encodings for input and output +=item Funnies Section + +=item Authors =back -=item CAVEATS +=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format -=item UNICODE REGULAR EXPRESSION SUPPORT LEVEL +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Unicode Encodings +=item Ordinary Paragraph -UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF16-LE, Surrogates, and BOMs (Byte Order Marks), -UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF32-LE, UCS-2, UCS-4, UTF-7 +=item Verbatim Paragraph -=item Security Implications of Malformed UTF-8 +=item Command Paragraph -=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC +C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item +I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end +I>, C<=for I I>, C<=encoding +I> + +=item Formatting Codes + +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used +for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, +Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null +(zero-effect) formatting code + +=item The Intent + +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules + +=item Hints for Writing Pod =back =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms +=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and +notes =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item Pod Definitions -=over 4 +=item Pod Commands -=item ASCII +"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", +"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", +"=encoding encodingname" -=item ISO 8859 +=item Pod Formatting Codes -=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for +filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a +null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text +contains non-breaking spaces -=item EBCDIC +=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors -=item 13 variant characters +=item About LE...E Codes -=item 0037 +First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: -=item 1047 +=item About =over...=back Regions -=item POSIX-BC +=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions -=item Unicode and UTF +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter -recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 +=over 4 -=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CONVERSIONS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item tr/// +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems -=item iconv +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS -=item C RTL +=item Location of Perl + +=item Command Switches + +B<-0>[I], B<-A [I]>, B<-a>, B<-C +[I]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-dt>, B<-d:>I, +B<-dt:>I, B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> +I, B<-f>, B<-F>I, B<-h>, B<-i>[I], +B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], B<-m>[B<->]I, +B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, +B<-X>, B<-x>, B<-x> I =back -=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap, +:perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB, +PERL5DB, PERL5DB_THREADED, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), +PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, +PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_DL_NONLAZY, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, +PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, +PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) -chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() +=back -=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics -=item SOCKETS +=over 4 -=item SORTING +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings =over 4 -=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. +=item DESCRIPTION -=item MONO CASE then sort data. +=over 4 -=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings -=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> -=back +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line -=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> -=over 4 +=item Backward Compatibility -=item URL decoding and encoding +=item Category Hierarchy -=item uu encoding and decoding +=item Fatal Warnings -=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module -=item Caesarian ciphers +=back + +=item TODO + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Hashing order and checksums +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging -=item I18N AND L10N +=over 4 -=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item OS ISSUES +=item The Perl Debugger =over 4 -=item OS/400 +=item Debugger Commands -IFS access +h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y +[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l +min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, +?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b +subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b +compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W +expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ +command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [ +command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source +file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man +[manpage] -=item OS/390, z/OS +=item Configurable Options -chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item VM/ESA? +=item Debugger input/output -=item POSIX-BC? +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing -=back +=item Debugging compile-time statements -=item BUGS +=item Debugger Customization -=item SEE ALSO +=item Readline Support -=item REFERENCES +=item Editor Support for Debugging -=item HISTORY +=item The Perl Profiler -=item AUTHOR +=back + +=item Debugging regular expressions + +=item Debugging memory usage + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables =over 4 @@ -2407,49 +2421,98 @@ chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales =over 4 -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data - -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +=item Predefined Names -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, +HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, +IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, +IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, +$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, +HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, +HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, +HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, +@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as +C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> +is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as +C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), +$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, +$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, +${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, +$EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, +$REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, +$GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], +$COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, ${^RE_DEBUG_FLAGS}, ${^RE_TRIE_MAXBUF}, +$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, +${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, +$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, +$PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, +ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, +$SIG{expr} -=item Security Bugs +=item Error Indicators -=item Protecting Your Programs +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +i, m, s, x + =over 4 -=item Packages +=item Regular Expressions -=item Symbol Tables +[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=item Extended Patterns -=item Perl Classes +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> -=item Perl Modules +=item Backtracking -=item Making your module threadsafe +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions + +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 + +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring + +=item Combining pieces together + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> + +=item Creating custom RE engines =back +=item BUGS + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference =over 4 @@ -2457,906 +2520,853 @@ chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE +=item OPERATORS -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=item SYNTAX -=back +=item ESCAPE SEQUENCES -=item PORTABILITY +=item CHARACTER CLASSES -=item HEY +=item ANCHORS -=item AUTHOR +=item QUANTIFIERS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS -=back +=item VARIABLES -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=item FUNCTIONS -=over 4 +=item TERMINOLOGY -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +=item AUTHOR -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Pragmatic Modules +=item THANKS -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, -overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, utf8, vars, vmsish, -warnings, warnings::register - -=item Standard Modules +=back -AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, -B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, -B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, -B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, -CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, -CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, -Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, -Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, -Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, -ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, -ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, -ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, -ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, -File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, -File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, -File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, -Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, -I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, -Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, -Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, -Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, -Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, -Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, -Memoize::Saves, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, -Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, -Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, -Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, -Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, -Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, -Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, -Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, Pod::t::basic, SDBM_File, Safe, -Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, -Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, -Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, -Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, -Text::Wrap, Thread, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, -Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, -Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, -User::pwent, Win32 +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures -=item Extension Modules +=over 4 -=back +=item NOTE -=item CPAN +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Africa +=item Making References -=item Asia +=item Using References -=item Central America +=item Symbolic references -=item Europe +=item Not-so-symbolic references -=item North America +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash -=item Oceania +=item Function Templates -=item South America +=back + +=item WARNING + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=head2 perlform - Perl formats =over 4 -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=item DESCRIPTION -Adding a Copyright Notice +=over 4 -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=item Text Fields -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=item Numeric Fields -=back +=item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text -=item NOTE +=item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text -=back +=item Specifying Values -=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide +=item Using Fill Mode -=over 4 +=item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void -=item INTRODUCTION +=item Repeating Format Lines -=item QUICK CHECKLIST +=item Top of Form Processing -=over 4 +=item Format Variables -=item Before you start +=back -=item The API +=item NOTES -=item Stability +=over 4 -=item Documentation +=item Footers -=item Release considerations +=item Accessing Formatting Internals =back -=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE +=item WARNINGS + +=back + +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects =over 4 -=item Has it been done before? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Do one thing and do it well +=over 4 -=item What's in a name? +=item An Object is Simply a Reference -=back +=item A Class is Simply a Package -=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine -=over 4 +=item Method Invocation -=item To OO or not to OO? +=item Indirect Object Syntax -=item Designing your API +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods -Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from -output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, -Parameter passing +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=item Strictness and warnings +=item Destructors -=item Backwards compatibility +=item Summary -=item Error handling and messages +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection =back -=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=back -=item POD +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable -=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Version numbering - -=item Pre-requisites +=item Tying Scalars -=item Testing +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item Packaging +=item Tying Arrays -=item Licensing +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this -=back +=item Tying Hashes -=item COMMON PITFALLS +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, SCALAR this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this -=over 4 +=item Tying FileHandles -=item Reinventing the wheel +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item Trying to do too much +=item UNTIE this -=item Inappropriate documentation +=item The C Gotcha =back =item SEE ALSO -L, L, L, L, Testing tools, -http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering +=item BUGS =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters =over 4 -=item Warning - -=item What should I make into a module? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground +=item DESCRIPTION -Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again +B, B, B, +B -=item Step-by-step: Making the module +=over 4 -Start with F, Use L and L, Use -L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README +=item The Filter -=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the -tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=item AUTHOR - =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.2 $, $Date: -2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item What is Perl? +=item Signals -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? +=over 4 -=item Which version of Perl should I use? +=item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=back -=item What is perl6? +=item Named Pipes -=item How stable is Perl? +=over 4 -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +=item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals) -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as +"faults", Signals triggered by operating system state -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +=back -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=item Using open() for IPC -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +=over 4 -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=item Filehandles -=item What is a JAPH? +=item Background Processes -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? +=item Safe Pipe Opens -=back +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.3 $, -$Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication =over 4 -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? - -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? - -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? +=item Internet Line Terminators -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +=back -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket -=item Where can I get information on Perl? +=over 4 -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? +=item A Simple Client -=item Where should I post source code? +C, C, C -=item Perl Books +=item A Webget Client -References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket -=item Perl in Magazines +=back -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc +=item UDP: Message Passing -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? +=item SysV IPC -=item Where do I send bug reports? +=item NOTES -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? +=item BUGS -=back +=item AUTHOR -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.10 $, $Date: 2001/11/19 -17:09:37 $) +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item How do I do (anything)? - -=item How can I use Perl interactively? +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes -=item Is there a Perl shell? - -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? +=item Resource limits -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? +=item Killing the parent process -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions -Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, -CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, -MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha +=back -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? +=item BUGS -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I use curses with Perl? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? +=back -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? +=over 4 -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +=item SYNOPSIS -Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and -stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? +=item Storing numbers -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? +Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C, Other +mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? +=back -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? +=over 4 -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? +=item Status -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program; what am I doing wrong? +=item Threaded Program Models -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it -mean? +=over 4 -=item What's MakeMaker? +=item Boss/Worker -=back +=item Work Crew -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Pipeline =back -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 -08:06:04 $) - -=over 4 +=item What kind of threads are Perl threads? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Thread-Safe Modules -=item Data: Numbers +=item Thread Basics =over 4 -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? +=item Basic Thread Support -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? +=item A Note about the Examples -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? +=item Creating Threads -=item How do I convert between numeric representations: +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit -B, B, B, B, B, B +=item Ignoring A Thread -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? +=back -=item How do I multiply matrices? +=item Threads And Data -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? +=over 4 -=item How can I output Roman numerals? +=item Shared And Unshared Data -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? +=item Thread Pitfalls: Races =back -=item Data: Dates +=item Synchronization and control =over 4 -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? +=item Controlling access: lock() -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? +=item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? +=item Queues: Passing Data Around -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access -=item How can I find the Julian Day? +=item Basic semaphores -=item How do I find yesterday's date? +=item Advanced Semaphores -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? +=item cond_wait() and cond_signal() + +=item Giving up control =back -=item Data: Strings +=item General Thread Utility Routines =over 4 -=item How do I validate input? - -=item How do I unescape a string? +=item What Thread Am I In? -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? +=item Thread IDs -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? +=item Are These Threads The Same? -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? +=item What Threads Are Running? -=item How do I reverse a string? +=back -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? +=item A Complete Example -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? +=item Different implementations of threads -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? +=item Performance considerations -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? +=item Process-scope Changes -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? +=item Thread-Safety of System Libraries -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? +=item Conclusion -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) +=item Bibliography -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? +=over 4 -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? +=item Introductory Texts -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? +=item OS-Related References -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? +=item Other References -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? +=back -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? +=item Acknowledgements -=item Why don't my < +portable -=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? +=item ISSUES -=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? +=over 4 -=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>? +=item Newlines -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? +=item Numbers endianness and Width -=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? +=item Files and Filesystems -=item How can I reliably rename a file? +=item System Interaction -=item How can I lock a file? +=item Command names versus file pathnames -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? +=item Networking -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) -=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a -file. Do I still have to use locking? +=item External Subroutines (XS) -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? +=item Standard Modules -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Time and Date -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Character sets and character encoding -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? +=item Internationalisation -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? +=item System Resources -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? +=item Security -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? +=item Style -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? +=back -=item How do I do a C in perl? +=item CPAN Testers -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? +=item PLATFORMS -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? +=over 4 -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? +=item Unix -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? +=item DOS and Derivatives -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? +=item S -=item How do I select a random line from a file? +=item VMS -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? +=item VOS + +=item EBCDIC Platforms + +=item Acorn RISC OS + +=item Other perls =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions + +-I, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt, dbmclose, dbmopen, +dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlogin, getpgrp, getppid, +getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnetbyname, getpwuid, getgrgid, +getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber, getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent, +gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent, +setnetent, setprotoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, +endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob, +gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link, localtime, lstat, +msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe, readlink, rename, select, +semctl, semget, semop, setgrent, setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent, +setsockopt, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair, +stat, symlink, syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime, +wait, waitpid + +=back + +=item Supported Platforms + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES + +=item USING LOCALES + =over 4 -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? +=item The use locale pragma -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters +=item The setlocale function -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? +=item Finding locales -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving -case on the RHS? +=item Permanently fixing locale problems -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? +=item Fixing system locale configuration -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? +=item The localeconv function -=item What is C really for? +=item I18N::Langinfo -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? +=back -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? +=over 4 -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types -=item How can I do approximate matching? +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? +=item LC_TIME -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? +=item Other categories -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? +=back -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? +=item SECURITY -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? +=item NOTES -=back +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Backward compatibility -=back +=item I18N:Collate obsolete -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/07 -02:27:50 $) +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts -=over 4 +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Freely available locale definitions -=over 4 +=item I18n and l10n -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? +=item An imperfect standard -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? +=back -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? +=item Unicode and UTF-8 -=item How do I skip some return values? +=item BUGS -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? +=over 4 -=item What's an extension? +=item Broken systems -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? +=back -=item How do I declare/create a structure? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I create a module? +=item HISTORY -=item How do I create a class? +=back -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? +=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction -=item What's a closure? +=over 4 -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? +=over 4 -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods +=item Unicode -=item How do I create a static variable? +=item Perl's Unicode Support -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? +=item Perl's Unicode Model -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? +=item Unicode and EBCDIC -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? +=item Creating Unicode -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? +=item Handling Unicode -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? +=item Legacy Encodings -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? +=item Unicode I/O -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? +=item Displaying Unicode As Text -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? +=item Special Cases -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? +=item Advanced Topics -=item How can I find out my current package? +=item Miscellaneous -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? +=item Questions With Answers -=item How do I clear a package? +=item Hexadecimal Notation -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? +=item Further Resources =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS + +=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE =back -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 -08:06:04 $) +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl =over 4 @@ -3364,196 +3374,189 @@ is in scope? =over 4 -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? +=item Important Caveats -=item How come exec() doesn't return? +Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C still needed to +enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts +autodetected, C needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? +=item Byte and Character Semantics -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse +=item Effects of Character Semantics -=item How do I print something out in color? +=item Scripts -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? +=item Blocks -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? +=item User-Defined Character Properties -=item How do I clear the screen? +=item Character Encodings for Input and Output -=item How do I get the screen size? +=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level -=item How do I ask the user for a password? +=item Unicode Encodings -=item How do I read and write the serial port? +=item Security Implications of Unicode -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input +=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? +=item Locales -=item How do I start a process in the background? +=item When Unicode Does Not Happen -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies +=item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl) -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? +=item Using Unicode in XS -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? +=back -=item How do I set the time and date? +=item BUGS -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? +=over 4 -=item How can I measure time under a second? +=item Interaction with Locales -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) +=item Interaction with Extensions -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? +=item Speed -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? +=item Porting code from perl-5.6.X -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? +=back -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? - -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? +=back -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? +=over 4 -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? +=over 4 -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? +=item ASCII -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? +=item ISO 8859 -=item How can I write expect in Perl? +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? +=item EBCDIC -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? +=item 13 variant characters -Unix +=item 0037 -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? +=item 1047 -=item How do I fork a daemon process? +=item POSIX-BC -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? +=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points -=item How do I timeout a slow event? +=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC -=item How do I set CPU limits? +=item Unicode and UTF -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? +=item Using Encode -=item How do I use an SQL database? +=back -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES -=item How do I open a file without blocking? +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item What's the difference between require and use? +=item CONVERSIONS -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? +=over 4 -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? +=item tr/// -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? +=item iconv -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? +=item C RTL =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES -=back +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 -$) +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() -=over 4 +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SOCKETS + +=item SORTING =over 4 -=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) +=item MONO CASE then sort data. -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. -=item How do I extract URLs? +=back -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? +=over 4 -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? +=item URL decoding and encoding -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? +=item uu encoding and decoding -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding -=item How do I redirect to another page? +=item Caesarian ciphers -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? +=back -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? +=item Hashing order and checksums -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? +=item I18N AND L10N -=item How do I parse a mail header? +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS -=item How do I decode a CGI form? +=item OS ISSUES -=item How do I check a valid mail address? +=over 4 -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? +=item OS/400 -=item How do I return the user's mail address? +PASE, IFS access -=item How do I send mail? +=item OS/390, z/OS -=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales -=item How do I read mail? +=item VM/ESA? -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? +=item POSIX-BC? -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? +=back -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? +=item BUGS -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item REFERENCES -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item HISTORY + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator +=head2 perlsec - Perl security =over 4 @@ -3561,43 +3564,29 @@ CGI script to do bad things? =over 4 -=item Layout - -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref - -=back - -=item Using The Back Ends - -=over 4 - -=item The Cross Referencing Back End +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data -i, &, s, r +=item Switches On the "#!" Line -=item The Decompiling Back End +=item Taint mode and @INC -=item The Lint Back End +=item Cleaning Up Your Path -=item The Simple C Back End +=item Security Bugs -=item The Bytecode Back End +=item Protecting Your Programs -=item The Optimized C Back End +=item Unicode -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref +=item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) =over 4 @@ -3605,196 +3594,281 @@ B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE +=item Packages -B, B, B, B, B +=item Symbol Tables -=item ROADMAP +=item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END -=item Compiling your C program +=item Perl Classes -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program +=item Perl Modules -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=item Making your module threadsafe -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +=back -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=item SEE ALSO -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +=back -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones -=item Execution of END blocks +=over 4 -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=over 4 -=back +=item Pragmatic Modules -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, +bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, +encoding::warnings, fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, +ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, +utf8, vars, version, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register -=item MORAL +=item Standard Modules -=item AUTHOR +AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, +B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, +B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, +B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, +CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, +CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, +Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DB_File, Data::Dumper, +Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, +Digest::MD5, Digest::base, Digest::file, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, +Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, +Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, +Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, +Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, +Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, +Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, +Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, +ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Constant::Base, ExtUtils::Constant::Utils, +ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, +ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, +ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, +ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, +ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, +ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, +ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, +ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, +File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, +File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, +File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, +File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, +FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::Detect, I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, +IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, +IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, +IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, +Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, +Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, +MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, +Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, +Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, +Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, +Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, Module::CoreList, NDBM_File, NEXT, +Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, +Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, +Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, +PerlIO, PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, +PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, +Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, +Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, +Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, +Pod::Perldoc::ToText, Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, +Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, +Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, +Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, +Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, +Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, +Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, +Test::Harness::Straps, Test::Harness::TAP, Test::More, Test::Simple, +Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, +Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, +Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, Tie::Array, Tie::File, +Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, +Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, +Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD, +User::grent, User::pwent, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, XSLoader -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Extension Modules =back -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging +=item CPAN =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Debugger Internals +=item Africa -=over 4 +South Africa -=item Writing Your Own Debugger +=item Asia -=back +China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi +Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand -=item Frame Listing Output Examples +=item Central America -=item Debugging regular expressions +Costa Rica -=over 4 +=item Europe -=item Compile-time output +Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech +Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, +Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, +Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, +Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom -C I C I, C I C -I, C, C, C -I, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item North America -=item Types of nodes +Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States, +Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, +Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, +North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, +Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin -=item Run-time output +=item Oceania -=back +Australia, New Zealand, United States -=item Debugging Perl memory usage +=item South America -=over 4 +Argentina, Brazil, Chile -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=item RSYNC Mirrors -C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=over 4 -=item B<-DL> details +=item Guidelines for Module Creation -C, C, C +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTE =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item INTRODUCTION -=item SPECIAL NOTES +=item QUICK CHECKLIST =over 4 -=item make +=item Before you start -=item Version caveat +=item The API -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=item Stability + +=item Documentation + +=item Release considerations =back -=item TUTORIAL +=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE =over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 1 - -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=item Has it been done before? -=item What has gone on? +=item Do one thing and do it well -=item Writing good test scripts +=item What's in a name? -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=back -=item What's new here? +=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE -=item Input and Output Parameters +=over 4 -=item The XSUBPP Program +=item To OO or not to OO? -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item Designing your API -=item Warning about Output Arguments +Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from +output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, +Parameter passing -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=item Strictness and warnings -=item What has happened here? +=item Backwards compatibility -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=item Error handling and messages -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +=back -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE -=item The Argument Stack +=over 4 -=item Extending your Extension +=item POD -=item Documenting your Extension +=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs -=item Installing your Extension +perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, +perl Build test, perl Build install -=item EXAMPLE 5 +=back -=item New Things in this Example +=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS -=item EXAMPLE 6 +=over 4 -=item New Things in this Example +=item Version numbering -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +=item Pre-requisites -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=item Testing -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +=item Packaging -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=item Licensing =back -=item See also - -=item Author +=item COMMON PITFALLS =over 4 -=item Last Changed +=item Reinventing the wheel + +=item Trying to do too much + +=item Inappropriate documentation =back +=item SEE ALSO + +L, L, L, L, Packaging Tools, +Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software +engineering + +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules =over 4 @@ -3802,382 +3876,374 @@ C, C, C =over 4 -=item Introduction - -=item On The Road - -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +=item PREAMBLE -=item The Argument Stack +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module -=item The RETVAL Variable +=back -=item The MODULE Keyword +=item PORTABILITY -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +=item HEY -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=item AUTHOR -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +=item COPYRIGHT -=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword +=back -=item The CODE: Keyword +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution -=item The INIT: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Initializing Function Parameters +=over 4 -=item Default Parameter Values +=item Warning -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +=item What should I make into a module? -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground -=item The INPUT: Keyword +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again -=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords +=item Step-by-step: Making the module -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +Start with F or F, Use L and +L, Use L, Use L - wisely!, +Use L, Write tests, Write the README -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=back -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=item AUTHOR -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item SEE ALSO -=item The POSTCALL: Keyword +=back -=item The BOOT: Keyword +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +=item DOCUMENTATION -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +L, L and L, +L and L, L, +L, L, L, +L -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=item CONVERTORS -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +L, L, L -=item The CASE: Keyword +=item Administration -=item The & Unary Operator +L -=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=item Development -=item Using XS With C++ +L, L, L and L, +L, L, L -=item Interface Strategy +=item SEE ALSO -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +=back -=item The Typemap +=back -=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item XS VERSION +=item Layout -=item AUTHOR +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref =back -=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions +=item Using The Back Ends =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 +=item The Cross Referencing Back End -=item Conventions +i, &, s, r -C, C

, C, C +=item The Decompiling Back End -=item File Operations +=item The Lint Back End -=item File Input and Output +=item The Simple C Back End -=item File Positioning +=item The Bytecode Back End -=item Memory Management and String Handling +=item The Optimized C Back End -=item Character Class Tests +=back -=item F functions +=item Module List for the Compiler Suite -=item Miscellaneous functions +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, +B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref -=back +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API +=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Variables +=item CONCEPTS -=over 4 +=item USING FILTERS -=item Datatypes +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER -=item What is an "IV"? +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C -=item Working with SVs +B -=item Offsets +=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL -=item Working with AVs +=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER -=item Working with HVs +=item CONCLUSION -=item Hash API Extensions +=item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR -=item References +Some Filters Clobber the C Handle -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +=item REQUIREMENTS -=item Creating New Variables +=item AUTHOR -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=item Copyrights -=item Stashes and Globs +=back -=item Double-Typed SVs +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program -=item Magic Variables +=over 4 -=item Assigning Magic +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Magic Virtual Tables +=over 4 -=item Finding Magic +=item PREAMBLE -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +B, B, B, B, B -=item Localizing changes +=item ROADMAP -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, -C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, -C, C, C - -=back +=item Compiling your C program -=item Subroutines +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program -=over 4 +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program -=item Memory Allocation +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program -=item PerlIO +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +=item Execution of END blocks -=item Scratchpads +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances -=item Scratchpads and recursion +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program =back -=item Compiled code - -=over 4 - -=item Code tree - -=item Examining the tree - -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item Hiding Perl_ -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +=item MORAL -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item AUTHOR -=item Pluggable runops +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions - -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging =over 4 -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT - -=item So what happened to dTHR? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item Debugger Internals -=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? +=over 4 -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +=item Writing Your Own Debugger =back -=item Internal Functions +=item Frame Listing Output Examples -A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x +=item Debugging regular expressions =over 4 -=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs +=item Compile-time output -=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer +C I C I, C I C +I, C, C, C +I, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Source Documentation +=item Types of nodes + +=item Run-time output =back -=item Unicode Support +=item Debugging Perl memory usage =over 4 -=item What B Unicode, anyway? - -=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> -=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? +C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C -=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch -=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> -=item Is there anything else I need to know? +=item B<-DL> details -=back +C, C, C -=item Custom Operators +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics -=item AUTHORS +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program +=item SPECIAL NOTES -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv +=item make -=item FLAG VALUES +=item Version caveat -=over 4 +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading -=item G_VOID +=back -=item G_SCALAR +=item TUTORIAL -=item G_ARRAY +=over 4 -=item G_DISCARD +=item EXAMPLE 1 -=item G_NOARGS +=item EXAMPLE 2 -=item G_EVAL +=item What has gone on? -=item G_KEEPERR +=item Writing good test scripts -=item Determining the Context +=item EXAMPLE 3 -=back +=item What's new here? -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item Input and Output Parameters -=item EXAMPLES +=item The XSUBPP Program -=over 4 +=item The TYPEMAP file -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned +=item Warning about Output Arguments -=item Passing Parameters +=item EXAMPLE 4 -=item Returning a Scalar +=item What has happened here? -=item Returning a list of values +=item Anatomy of .xs file -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +=item More about XSUB arguments -=item Using G_EVAL +=item The Argument Stack -=item Using G_KEEPERR +=item Extending your Extension -=item Using call_sv +=item Documenting your Extension -=item Using call_argv +=item Installing your Extension -=item Using call_method +=item EXAMPLE 5 -=item Using GIMME_V +=item New Things in this Example -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=item EXAMPLE 6 -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +=item New Things in this Example -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +=item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes + +=item Troubleshooting these Examples =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item See also -=item AUTHOR +=item Author -=item DATE +=over 4 + +=item Last Changed =back -=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution +=back + +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual =over 4 @@ -4185,636 +4251,730 @@ callback =over 4 -=item DOCUMENTATION +=item Introduction -L, L and L, -L and L, L, -L, L, L, -L +=item On The Road -=item CONVERTORS +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB -L, L, L +=item The Argument Stack -=item Administration +=item The RETVAL Variable -L +=item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL -=item Development +=item The MODULE Keyword -L, L, L and L, -L, L, L +=item The PACKAGE Keyword -=item SEE ALSO +=item The PREFIX Keyword -=back +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword -=back +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword -=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters +=item The CODE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The INIT: Keyword -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The NO_INIT Keyword -=item CONCEPTS +=item Initializing Function Parameters -=item USING FILTERS +=item Default Parameter Values -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER +=item The PREINIT: Keyword -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C +=item The SCOPE: Keyword -B +=item The INPUT: Keyword -=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL +=item The C Keyword -=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists -=item CONCLUSION +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword -=item REQUIREMENTS +=item The PPCODE: Keyword -=item AUTHOR +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists -=item Copyrights +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword -=back +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=item The POSTCALL: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The BOOT: Keyword -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword -B, B, B, -B +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The ALIAS: Keyword -=item The Filter +=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item The FALLBACK: Keyword -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword -=back +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword -=item SEE ALSO +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=item The CASE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The & Unary Operator -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives -AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, -av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, -ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK, -dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, -fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, getcwd_sv, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, -get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, -grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, -gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, -G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, -HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, -hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, -hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, -hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, -ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, -mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, -Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, -newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, new_vstring, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, -Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_clone, perl_construct, -perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, PL_modglobal, PL_na, -PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, -POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, -require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, scan_bin, -scan_hex, scan_oct, sharedsv_find, sharedsv_init, sharedsv_lock, -sharedsv_new, sharedsv_thrcnt_dec, sharedsv_thrcnt_inc, sharedsv_unlock, -sortsv, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, -strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, -SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, -SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, -SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, -SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, -SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, -SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, -SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, -SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, -SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, -SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, -SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, -SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVx, SvUVX, sv_2bool, -sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, -sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, -sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, -sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, -sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, -sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, -sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, -sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, -sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_reftype, sv_replace, -sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, -sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, -sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, -sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, -sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, -sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, -sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, -sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, -THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, to_utf8_case, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, -utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, -utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, -XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, -XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, -XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, -Zero +=item Using XS With C++ -=item AUTHORS +=item Interface Strategy -=item SEE ALSO +=item Perl Objects And C Structures -=back +=item The Typemap -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B - Perl functions +=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS -=over 4 +MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, -PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, report_uninit, start_glob, sv_add_arena, -sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHORS +=item XS VERSION -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item History and Background - -=item Layers vs Disciplines - -=item Data Structures - -=item Functions and Attributes - -=item Per-instance Data - -=item Layers in action. +=item Conventions -=item Per-instance flag bits +C, C

, C, C -PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, -PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, -PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, -PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS +=item File Operations -=item Methods in Detail +=item File Input and Output - IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV - (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * -(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t -(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO -*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const -void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t -offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, -Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * -(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); +=item File Positioning -=item Core Layers +=item Memory Management and String Handling -"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" +=item Character Class Tests -=item Extension Layers +=item F functions -":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" +=item Miscellaneous functions =back +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B +=item Variables =over 4 -=item Co-existence with stdio +=item Datatypes -B, B, -B, B +=item What is an "IV"? -=item "Fast gets" Functions +=item Working with SVs -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B +=item Offsets -=item Other Functions +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? -PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), -'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) +=item Working with AVs -=back +=item Working with HVs -=back +=item Hash API Extensions -=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List +=item AVs, HVs and undefined values -=over 4 +=item References -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Blessed References and Class Objects -=item To do during 5.6.x +=item Creating New Variables -=over 4 +GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN -=item Support for I/O disciplines +=item Reference Counts and Mortality -=item Autoload bytes.pm +=item Stashes and Globs -=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work +=item Double-Typed SVs -=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) +=item Magic Variables -=item Overloadable regex assertions +=item Assigning Magic -=item Unicode +=item Magic Virtual Tables -=item use Thread for iThreads +=item Finding Magic -=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays -=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads +=item Localizing changes -=item Typed lexicals for compiler +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C -=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 +=back -=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler +=item Subroutines -=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling +=over 4 -=item Cleaning up exported namespace +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack -=item Complete signal handling +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs -=item Out-of-source builds +=item Memory Allocation -=item POSIX realtime support +=item PerlIO -=item UNIX98 support +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack -=item IPv6 Support +=item Scratchpads -=item Long double conversion +=item Scratchpads and recursion -=item Locales +=back -=item Thread-safe regexes +=item Compiled code -=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals +=over 4 -=item POSIX Unicode character classes +=item Code tree -=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) +=item Examining the tree -=item Security audit shipped utilities +=item Compile pass 1: check routines -=item Custom opcodes +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding -=item DLL Versioning +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation -=item Introduce @( and @) +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization -=item Floating point handling +=item Pluggable runops -=item IV/UV preservation +=back -=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions -=item Automate module testing on CPAN +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported -=item sendmsg and recvmsg +=over 4 -=item Rewrite perlre documentation +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT -=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles +=item So what happened to dTHR? -=item Document Win32 choices +=item How do I use all this in extensions? -=item Check new modules +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? -=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS =back -=item To do at some point +=item Internal Functions -=over 4 +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b -=item Remove regular expression recursion +=over 4 -=item Memory leaks after failed eval +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs -=item pack "(stuff)*" +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer -=item bitfields in pack +=item Exception Handling -=item Cross compilation +=item Source Documentation -=item Perl preprocessor / macros +=item Backwards compatibility -=item Perl lexer in Perl +=back -=item Using POSIX calls internally +=item Unicode Support -=item -i rename file when changed +=over 4 -=item All ARGV input should act like EE +=item What B Unicode, anyway? -=item Support for rerunning debugger +=item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string? -=item Test Suite for the Debugger +=item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters? -=item my sub foo { } +=item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings? -=item One-pass global destruction +=item How do I convert a string to UTF-8? -=item Rewrite regexp parser +=item Is there anything else I need to know? -=item Cache recently used regexps +=back -=item Re-entrant functions +=item Custom Operators -=item Cross-compilation support +=item AUTHORS -=item Bit-shifting bitvectors +=item SEE ALSO -=item debugger pragma +=back -=item use less pragma +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C -=item switch structures +=over 4 -=item Cache eval tree +=item DESCRIPTION -=item rcatmaybe +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program -=item Shrink opcode tables +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS -=item Optimize away @_ +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv -=item Prototypes versus indirect objects +=item FLAG VALUES -=item Install HTML +=over 4 -=item Prototype method calls +=item G_VOID -=item Return context prototype declarations +=item G_SCALAR -=item magic_setisa +=item G_ARRAY -=item Garbage collection +=item G_DISCARD -=item IO tutorial +=item G_NOARGS -=item pack/unpack tutorial +=item G_EVAL -=item Rewrite perldoc +=item G_KEEPERR -=item Install .3p manpages +=item Determining the Context -=item Unicode tutorial +=back -=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item Retargetable installation +=item EXAMPLES -=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems +=over 4 -=item Rename Win32 headers +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned -=item Finish off lvalue functions +=item Passing Parameters -=item Update sprintf documentation +=item Returning a Scalar -=item Use fchown/fchmod internally +=item Returning a list of values -=item Make v-strings overloaded objects +=item Returning a list in a scalar context -=back +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list -=item Vague ideas +=item Using G_EVAL -=over 4 +=item Using G_KEEPERR -=item ref() in list context +=item Using call_sv -=item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context +=item Using call_argv -=item Compile to real threaded code +=item Using call_method -=item Structured types +=item Using GIMME_V -=item Modifiable $1 et al. +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries -=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information -=item RPC modules +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback -=item Attach/detach debugger from running program +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation -=item Alternative RE syntax module +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C -=item GUI::Native +=back -=item foreach(reverse ...) +=item SEE ALSO -=item Constant function cache +=item AUTHOR -=item Approximate regular expression matching +=item DATE =back -=item Ongoing +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API =over 4 -=item Update guts documentation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Add more tests +=item "Gimme" Values -=item Update auxiliary tools +GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID -=back +=item Array Manipulation Functions -=item Recently done things +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +get_av, newAV, sortsv -=over 4 +=item Callback Functions -=item Safe signal handling +call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, +FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS -=item Tie Modules +=item Character classes -=item gettimeofday +isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER -=item setitimer and getimiter +=item Cloning an interpreter -=item Testing __DIE__ hook +perl_clone -=item CPP equivalent in Perl +=item CV Manipulation Functions -=item Explicit switch statements +CvSTASH, get_cv -=item autocroak +=item Embedding Functions -=item UTF/EBCDIC +cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, +perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv -=item UTF Regexes +=item Functions in file pp_pack.c -=item perlcc to produce executable +packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str -=item END blocks saved in compiled output +=item Global Variables -=item Secure temporary file module +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes -=item Integrate Time::HiRes +=item GV Functions -=item Turn Cwd into XS +GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, +gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashpvn, gv_stashsv -=item Mmap for input +=item Handy Values -=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion +Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv -=item Add sockatmark support +=item Hash Manipulation Functions -=item Mailing list archives +get_hv, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, +HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_assert, hv_clear, hv_clear_placeholders, +hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, +hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, +hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_scalar, hv_store, hv_store_ent, +hv_undef, newHV -=item Bug tracking +=item Magical Functions -=item Integrate MacPerl +mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, +SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, +SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE, SvUNLOCK -=item Web "nerve center" for Perl +=item Memory Management -=item Regular expression tutorial +Copy, CopyD, Move, MoveD, New, Newc, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, +savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, savesvpv, StructCopy, Zero, ZeroD -=item Debugging Tutorial +=item Miscellaneous Functions -=item Integrate new modules +fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ, +strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking, +sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnormal, vnumify, +vstringify -=item Integrate profiler +=item Numeric functions -=item Y2K error detection +grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, +scan_hex, scan_oct -=item Regular expression debugger +=item Optree Manipulation Functions -=item POD checker +cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS -=item "Dynamic" lexicals +=item Pad Data Structures -=item Cache precompiled modules +pad_sv -=back +=item Simple Exception Handling Macros -=item Deprecated Wishes +dXCPT, XCPT_CATCH, XCPT_RETHROW, XCPT_TRY_END, XCPT_TRY_START -=over 4 +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -=item Loop control on do{} +dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, mPUSHi, mPUSHn, mPUSHp, mPUSHu, +mXPUSHi, mXPUSHn, mXPUSHp, mXPUSHu, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, +POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHmortal, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, +PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHmortal, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, +XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, +XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES -=item Lexically scoped typeglobs +=item SV Flags -=item format BOTTOM +svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG -=item report HANDLE +=item SV Manipulation Functions -=item Generalised want()/caller()) +get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, +newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, +newSVuv, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, +SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW, +SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvIV_nomg, SvIV_set, SvLEN, +SvLEN_set, SvMAGIC_set, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, +SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvNV_set, SvOK, SvOOK, +SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, +SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, +SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, +SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvPV_nomg, SvPV_set, +SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, +SvRV_set, SvSTASH, SvSTASH_set, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, +SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, +SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvUV_nomg, SvUV_set, SvVOK, sv_2bool, +sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv_flags, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, +sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, +sv_2uv_flags, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, +sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpvn_nomg, sv_catpv_mg, +sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_catsv_nomg, sv_chop, sv_clear, +sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, +sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, +sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, +sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, +sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, +sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, +sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, +sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, +sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, +sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, +sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, +sv_setsv_nomg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, +sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, +sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, +sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvf, sv_vcatpvfn, +sv_vcatpvf_mg, sv_vsetpvf, sv_vsetpvfn, sv_vsetpvf_mg -=item Named prototypes +=item Unicode Support -=item Built-in globbing +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, +is_utf8_string_loc, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8, +sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, +to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, +utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, +uvuni_to_utf8_flags -=item Regression tests for suidperl +=item Variables created by C and C internal functions -=item Cached hash values +ax, CLASS, dAX, dAXMARK, dITEMS, dUNDERBAR, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, +newXSproto, RETVAL, ST, THIS, UNDERBAR, XS, XS_VERSION, +XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK -=item Add compression modules +=item Warning and Dieing -=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references +croak, warn -=item Remove distinction between functions and operators +=item AUTHORS -=item Make XS easier to use +=item SEE ALSO -=item Make embedding easier to use +=back -=item man for perl +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B + Perl functions -=item my $Package::variable +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE + +CvWEAKOUTSIDE + +=item Functions in file pad.h + +CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS, +PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set, +PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH, PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, +PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, +PAD_SET_CUR, PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE, PAD_SV, PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, +SAVEPADSV + +=item Functions in file pp_ctl.c + +find_runcv + +=item Global Variables + +PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, +PL_rs + +=item GV Functions + +is_gv_magical, is_gv_magical_sv + +=item IO Functions + +start_glob + +=item Pad Data Structures + +CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon, +pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex, +pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new, +pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef + +=item Stack Manipulation Macros + +djSP, LVRET + +=item SV Manipulation Functions + +find_uninit_var, report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, +sv_free_arenas + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item History and Background + +=item Basic Structure + +=item Layers vs Disciplines + +=item Data Structures + +=item Functions and Attributes + +=item Per-instance Data + +=item Layers in action. + +=item Per-instance flag bits + +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS + +=item Methods in Detail + +fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, +PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, +Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, +Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, +Set_ptrcnt + +=item Utilities + +=item Implementing PerlIO Layers + +C implementations, Perl implementations -=item "or" tests defined, not truth +=item Core Layers + +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" + +=item Extension Layers + +":encoding", ":scalar", ":via" + +=back + +=item TODO + +=back + +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B -=item "class"-based lexicals +=over 4 + +=item Co-existence with stdio -=item byteperl +B, B, +B, B -=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal +=item "Fast gets" Functions -=item Make "use utf8" the default +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B -=item Unicode collation and normalization +=item Other Functions -=item Create debugging macros +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) =back @@ -4843,17 +5003,16 @@ NFS, rsync'ing the patches =item Why rsync the source tree -It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable +It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable =item Why rsync the patches It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour -=item Perlbug remote interface +=item Working with the source -1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3 -commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests +=item Perlbug administration =item Submitting patches @@ -4866,7 +5025,7 @@ Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter =item Elements of the interpreter -Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing =item Internal Variable Types @@ -4878,6 +5037,8 @@ Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack =item Millions of Macros +=item The .i Targets + =item Poking at Perl =item Using a source-level debugger @@ -4885,6 +5046,8 @@ Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish, 'enter', print +=item gdb macro support + =item Dumping Perl Data Structures =item Patching @@ -4896,7 +5059,20 @@ finish, 'enter', print =item Writing a test F, F, F, F, F, F, -F, F, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib +F, F, F, F, F, t/base t/comp, +t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib + +=item Special Make Test Targets + +coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind +check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third +utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 +check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness, test-notty test_notty + +=item Running tests by hand + +-v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1, +PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST =back @@ -4914,7 +5090,9 @@ F, F, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree +=item valgrind + +=item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL @@ -4931,6 +5109,8 @@ DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, -z[ero] +=item Miscellaneous tricks + =item CONCLUSION I @@ -4941,295 +5121,300 @@ I =back -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item INTRODUCTION +=back -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List =over 4 -=item PUMPKIN? +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item assertions -=item THE RECORDS +=item iCOW -=over 4 +=item (?{...}) closures in regexps -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +=item A re-entrant regexp engine -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +=item pragmata -=back +=over 4 -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +=item lexical pragmas + +=item use less 'memory' =back -=head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0 +=item prototypes and functions =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item _ prototype character -=item Incompatible Changes +=item inlining autoloaded constants -=over 4 +=item Finish off lvalue functions -=item 64-bit platforms and malloc +=back -=item AIX Dynaloading +=item Unicode and UTF8 -=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS +=over 4 -=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} +=item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation -=item Perl Parser Stress Tested +=item UTF8 caching code -=item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...) +=item Unicode in Filenames -=item Deprecations +=item Unicode in %ENV =back -=item Core Enhancements +=item Regexps =over 4 -=item PerlIO is Now The Default +=item regexp optimiser optional -=item Signals Are Now Safe +=back -=item Unicode Overhaul +=item POD -=item Understanding of Numbers +=over 4 -=item Miscellaneous Enhancements +=item POD -> HTML conversion still sucks =back -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Misc medium sized projects =over 4 -=item New Modules and Pragmata +=item UNITCHECK -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item optional optimizer -=back +=item You WANT *how* many -=item Utility Changes +=item lexical aliases -=item New Documentation +=item no 6 -=item Performance Enhancements +=item IPv6 -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item entersub XS vs Perl -=over 4 +=item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple -=item Generic Improvements +=item bincompat functions -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally + +=item Constant folding =back -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Tests =over 4 -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes - -=back - -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item Make Schwern poorer -=item Changed Internals +=item test B -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item common test code for timed bailout -=item New Tests +=back -=item Known Problems +=item Installation =over 4 -=item AIX - -=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery +=item compressed man pages -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl -=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 +=item Relocatable perl -=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured +=item make HTML install work -=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured +=item put patchlevel in -v -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=back -=item OS/390 +=item Incremental things -=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 +=over 4 -=item Failure of Thread tests +=item autovivification -=item UNICOS +=item fix tainting bugs -=item UTS +=item Make tainting consistent -=item VMS +=item Dual life everything -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +=back -=item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken +=item Vague things -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=over 4 -=item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing +=item threads -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item POSIX memory footprint -=item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty +=item Optimize away @_ -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item switch ops -=item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program -=back +=item A decent benchmark -=item Reporting Bugs +=item readpipe(LIST) -=item SEE ALSO +=item Self ties -=item HISTORY +=back =back -=head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2 +=head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format. =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item OPTIONS -=item Incompatible Changes +B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f> +I, B<-q> I, B<-T>, B<-d> +I, B<-o> I, B<-M> I, +B<-w> I or B<-w> I

    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates +a
tag) =back -=head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX. +=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=back +=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: -=over 4 +=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER -=item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX +B, 4, 5, 6.. -=over 4 +=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: -=item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX +=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: -=item Threaded Perl on DG/UX +=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL -=item Testing Perl on DG/UX +B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> -=item Installing the built perl on DG/UX +=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS =back -=item AUTHOR +=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS -=head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95. +=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS -=over 4 +=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION -=item SYNOPSIS +=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML -=over 4 +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); -=item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS +=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML -DJGPP, Pthreads +=back -=item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS +=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: -=item Building Perl on DOS +=over 4 -=item Testing Perl on DOS +=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG -=item Installation of Perl on DOS +=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM -=back +B, B -=item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS +=item FORM ELEMENTS -=over 4 +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-values>, B<-tabindex>, B<-id>, B<-override>, +B<-onChange>, B<-onFocus>, B<-onBlur>, B<-onMouseOver>, B<-onMouseOut>, +B<-onSelect> -=item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS +=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD -=item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS +B -=item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS +=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD -=item Building XS Modules on DOS +=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD -=back +=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD -=item AUTHOR +B -=item SEE ALSO +=item CREATING A POPUP MENU -=back +=item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP -=head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC +=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST -=over 4 +B -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES -=item INTRODUCTION +B -=item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC +=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX -=item STARTING PERL ON EPOC +B -=item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC +=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP -=item USING PERL ON EPOC +B -=over 4 +=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON -=item I/O Redirection on Epoc +B -=item PATH Names on Epoc +=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON -=item Editors on Epoc +=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON -=item Features of Perl on Epoc +=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD -=item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc +B -=item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment +=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON + +B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment +type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE + +=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON =back -=item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC +=item HTTP COOKIES -=item AUTHOR +1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> -=item LAST UPDATE +=item WORKING WITH FRAMES -=back +1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the +document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in +the
tag -=head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix -(HP-UX) systems +=item SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT -=over 4 +B, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B -=item DESCRIPTION +=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS -=over 4 +=item DEBUGGING -=item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX +=over 4 -=item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX +=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS -=item PA-RISC +=back -=item PA-RISC 1.0 +=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES -=item PA-RISC 1.1 +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B Return the script +name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B -=item PA-RISC 2.0 +=item USING NPH SCRIPTS -=item Itanium +In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> +parameters -=item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions +=item Server Push -=item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() -=item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX +=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks -=item The HP ANSI C Compiler +B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script +basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> -=item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX +=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL -=item Threaded Perl on HP-UX +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX +=item CREDITS -=item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX +Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor +(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell +(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg +(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick +(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis +(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen +(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim +MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks +(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed +Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug +MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), +...and many many more.. -=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX +=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT -=item perl -P and // and HP-UX +=item BUGS -=item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent - -=item AUTHOR - -=item DATE +=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd +=item SYNOPSIS -=over 4 +=item ABSTRACT =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=back +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen -systems +=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or +other) error log =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=over 4 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen +=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES -=item Failures during C on MachTen +=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW -op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t +=over 4 -=item Building external modules on MachTen +=item Changing the default message =back -=item AUTHOR +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS -=item DATE +=item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic) +=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies =over 4 @@ -6706,355 +11506,336 @@ op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item USING CGI::Cookie -=item DATE +B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT +=item Creating New Cookies -=over 4 +=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Recovering Previous Cookies -=item Known problems with Perl on MiNT +=item Manipulating Cookies -=item AUTHOR +B, B, B, B, B =back -=head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE - -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item SYNOPSIS +=item BUGS -=item NOTE +=item SEE ALSO -=item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX +=back -=item Welcome to Perl/iX +=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI -=item System Requirements for Perl/iX +=over 4 -=item How to Obtain Perl/iX +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights +=item DESCRIPTION -README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, -public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe +=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE -=item How to Compile Perl/iX +=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS - 4, 6 +=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS -=item Getting Started with Perl/iX +=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS -=item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations +=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION -=item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation +FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE -=item Perl/iX To-Do List +=item CAVEATS -=item Perl/iX Change History +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS -=item Name +=item SEE ALSO -=item Description +=back -=item Build +=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code =over 4 -=item Tools & SDK - -=item Setup +=item SYNOPSIS -Buildtype.bat, SetNWBld.bat, MPKBuild.bat +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Make +=over 4 -=item Interpreter +=item Tags that won't be formatted -=item Extensions +=item Customizing the Indenting =back -=item Install - -=item Build new extensions - -=item Known Issues - -=item Acknowledgements +=item BUGS -=item Authors +=item AUTHOR -=item Date +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT. +=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item USING CGI::Push -=item DESCRIPTION +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph =over 4 -=item Target +=item Heterogeneous Pages -=item Other OSes +=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly -=item Prerequisites +=back -EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh +=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS -=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...) +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Frequently asked questions +=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch =over 4 -=item "It does not work" +=item SYNOPSIS -=item I cannot run external programs +=item ABSTRACT -=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F from my -program. +=item DESCRIPTION -Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use -L? +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item C<``> and pipe-C do not work under DOS. +=item BUGS -=item Cannot start C +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item INSTALLATION +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module =over 4 -=item Automatic binary installation - -C, C, F +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Manual binary installation +=item DESCRIPTION -Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable -(statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, -Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl -and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, -Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item B +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Accessing documentation +=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites =over 4 -=item OS/2 F<.INF> file - -=item Plain text - -=item Manpages - -=item HTML - -=item GNU C files +=item SYNOPSIS -=item F<.PDF> files +=item STATUS -=item C docs +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item BUILD +=item Interactive Mode -=over 4 +Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, +install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or +distribution, ls author, Signals -=item The short story +=item CPAN::Shell -=item Prerequisites +=item autobundle -=item Getting perl source +=item recompile -=item Application of the patches +=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution -=item Hand-editing +=item Programmer's interface -=item Making +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples -=item Testing +=item Methods in the other Classes -A lot of C, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F, -F +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() -=item Installing the built perl +=item Cache Manager -=item C-style build +=item Bundles -=back +=item Prerequisites -=item Build FAQ +=item Finding packages and VERSION -=over 4 +=item Debugging -=item Some C became C<\> in pdksh. +=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode -=item C<'errno'> - unresolved external +=back -=item Problems with tr or sed +=item CONFIGURATION -=item Some problem (forget which ;-) +Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE +EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist +optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE +[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> -=item Library ... not found +=over 4 -=item Segfault in make +=item Note on urllist parameter's format -=item op/sprintf test failure +=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support =back -=item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port - -=over 4 +=item SECURITY -=item C, C +=item EXPORT -=item C +=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES -=item C on the first line +=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS -=item Additional modules: +=over 4 -=item Prebuilt methods: +=item Three basic types of firewalls -C, C, C, - C, C, -C, C, -C, C, -C, C, -C, -C, C, -OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C, -C, C, -C, C, -OS2::get_control87(), C +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade -=item Prebuilt variables: +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall -$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver +=back -=item Misfeatures +=item FAQ -=item Modifications +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item BUGS -=item Identifying DLLs +=item AUTHOR -=item Centralized management of resources +=item TRANSLATIONS -C, C +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Perl flavors +=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization =over 4 -=item F +=item SYNOPSIS -=item F +=item DESCRIPTION -=item F +=back -=item F +=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS +module -=item Why strange names? +=over 4 -=item Why dynamic linking? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Why chimera build? +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) =over 4 -=item C - -=item C - -=item C +=item SYNOPSIS -=item C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item C +=over 4 -=item C or C +=item Forcing a Stack Trace =back -=item Evolution +=back =over 4 -=item Priorities - -=item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2 - -=item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond - -Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C and C, F<.> from -C +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES -=item DLL forwarder generation +=over 4 -=item Threading +=item $Carp::CarpLevel -=item Calls to external programs +=item $Carp::MaxEvalLen -=item Memory allocation +=item $Carp::MaxArgLen -=item Threads +=item $Carp::MaxArgNums -C, F +=item $Carp::Verbose =back -=item BUGS - =back =over 4 -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390. +=head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside + +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree =over 4 @@ -7062,238 +11843,433 @@ C, F =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item FUNCTIONS -=item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390 +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) -=item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390 +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES -=item Configure Perl on OS/390 +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390 +=item AUTHOR -=item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 +=back -=item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 +=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes -=item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 +=over 4 -=item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390 +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390 +=over 4 -=back +=item The C function -=item AUTHORS +=item Class Creation at Compile Time -=item SEE ALSO +=item Element Types and Accessor Methods -=over 4 +Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or +C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) -=item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390 +=item Initializing with C =back -=item HISTORY +=item EXAMPLES + +Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 + +=item Author and Modification History =back -=head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX +=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names) -=item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4 +=item EXAMPLE -/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make +=item WARNING -=item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4 +=item GLOSSARY -=item QNX auxiliary files +=over 4 -qnx/ar, qnx/cpp +=item _ -=item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6 +C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> -=back +=item a -=item AUTHOR +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=back +=item b -=head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl +C, C, C, C, C, C, C -=over 4 +=item c -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=over 4 +=item d -=item Invoking Perl +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item What's in Plan 9 Perl +=item e -=item What's not in Plan 9 Perl +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl +=item f -=item Signals in Plan 9 Perl +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=back +=item g -=item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9 +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=over 4 +=item h -=item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9 +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=back +=item i -=item BUGS +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item Revision date +=item k -=item AUTHOR +C, C -=back +=item l -=head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=over 4 +=item m -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=over 4 +=item M -=item Solaris Version Numbers. +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=back +=item n -=item RESOURCES +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation +=item o -=item SETTING UP +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=over 4 +=item p -=item File Extraction Problems on Solaris. +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris. +=item P -=item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=back +=item q -=item RUN CONFIGURE. +C, C -=over 4 +=item r -=item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris. +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item Threads in Perl on Solaris. +=item s -=item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris. +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=back +=item t -=item MAKE PROBLEMS. +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: -relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No -DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found +=item u -=item MAKE TEST +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=over 4 +=item v -=item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent +=item x -=back +C -=item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS. +=item y -=item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS. +C, C -=over 4 +=item z -=item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris. +C, C =back -=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES. +=item NOTE -=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES. +=back =over 4 -=item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris - -=item BSD::Resource on Solaris +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Net::SSLeay on Solaris +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +dynamic, nonxs, static =item AUTHOR -=item LAST MODIFIED - =back -=head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as -Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64 - -=item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64 +=item getcwd and friends -=item Threaded Perl on Tru64 +getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd -=item Long Doubles on Tru64 +=item abs_path and friends -=item 64-bit Perl on Tru64 +abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path -=item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64 +=item $ENV{PWD} =back -=item Testing Perl on Tru64 +=item NOTES =item AUTHOR -=back - -=head2 perluts - Perl under UTS - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item BUILDING PERL ON UTS - -=item Installing the built perl on UTS +=item COPYRIGHT -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA. +=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, +subject to +change) =over 4 @@ -7303,262 +12279,237 @@ Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems =over 4 -=item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA - -=item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA - -=item Configure Perl on VM/ESA +=item Global Variables -=item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA + $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, +@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, +$DB::lineno -=item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA +=item API Methods -=back +CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), +CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() -=item AUTHORS +=item Client Callback Methods -=item SEE ALSO +CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), +CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), +CLIENT->output(LIST) -=over 4 +=back -=item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA +=item BUGS -=back +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl +=head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Installation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Organization of Perl Images +=item What is a DBM Filter? =over 4 -=item Core Images +=item So what's new? -=item Perl Extensions +=back -=item Installing static extensions +=item METHODS -=item Installing dynamic extensions +=over 4 -=back +=item $db->Filter_Push() -=item File specifications +=item $db->Filter_Key_Push() -=over 4 +=item $db->Filter_Value_Push() -=item Syntax +Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push -=item Wildcard expansion +=item $db->Filter_Pop() -=item Pipes +=item $db->Filtered() =back -=item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB - -=item Command line +=item Writing a Filter =over 4 -=item I/O redirection and backgrounding +=item Immediate Filters -=item Command line switches +=item Canned Filters --i, -S, -u +"name", params =back -=item Perl functions - -File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, -exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select -(system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime -LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS - -=item Perl variables +=item Filters Included -%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $| +utf8, encode, compress, int32, null -=item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences +=item NOTES =over 4 -=item SDBM_File +=item Maintain Round Trip Integrity + +=item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file. =back -=item Revision date +=item EXAMPLE + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS +=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=over 4 - -=item Stratus POSIX Support - -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS +B, B, B =over 4 -=item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS - -=item Installing Perl 5 on VOS - -=back +=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater -=item USING PERL IN VOS +=item Interface to Berkeley DB -=over 4 +=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File -=item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS +=item Default Parameters -=item Restrictions of Perl on VOS +=item In Memory Databases =back -=item SUPPORT STATUS +=item DB_HASH -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item LAST UPDATE +=item A Simple Example =back -=head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32 - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item DB_BTREE =over 4 -=item Setting Up Perl on Win32 - -Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC +=item Changing the BTREE sort order -=item Building +=item Handling Duplicate Keys -=item Testing Perl on Win32 +=item The get_dup() Method -=item Installation of Perl on Win32 +=item The find_dup() Method -=item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32 +=item The del_dup() Method -Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, -Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific -Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things +=item Matching Partial Keys =back -=item BUGS AND CAVEATS - -=item AUTHORS - -Gary Ng E71564.1743@CompuServe.COME, Gurusamy Sarathy -Egsar@activestate.comE, Nick Ing-Simmons -Enick@ing-simmons.netE +=item DB_RECNO -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item HISTORY +=item The 'bval' Option -=back +=item A Simple Example -=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION +=item Extra RECNO Methods -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> -=over 4 +=item Another Example -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item THE API INTERFACE -method, locked +B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = +$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, +$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, +$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> -=back +=item DBM FILTERS -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +B, B, B, +B =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The Filter -=item DESCRIPTION +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. + +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing -data structures between threads +=item HINTS AND TIPS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXPORT - -=item FUNCTIONS +=item Locking: The Trouble with fd -share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, -cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE +=item Safe ways to lock a database -=item BUGS +B, B, B -=item AUTHOR +=item Sharing Databases With C Applications -=item SEE ALSO +=item The untie() Gotcha =back -=head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads -from perl +=item COMMON QUESTIONS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Why is there Perl source in my database? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? -$thread = new(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach, -threads->self, $thread->tid +=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? -=item TODO +=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? -Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory -leaks! +=back -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT +=item REFERENCES + +=item HISTORY =item BUGS -creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32, -PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be +=item AVAILABILITY + +=item COPYRIGHT =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes +=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both +printing and C =over 4 @@ -7568,41 +12519,44 @@ PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be =over 4 -=item Built-in Attributes +=item Methods -locked, method, lvalue +I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I +I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Reset -=item Available Subroutines +=item Functions -get, reftype +Dumper(I) -=item Package-specific Attribute Handling +=item Configuration Variables or Methods -FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES +=item Exports -=item Syntax of Attribute Lists +Dumper =back -=item EXPORTS - -=over 4 +=item EXAMPLES -=item Default exports +=item BUGS -=item Available exports +=over 4 -=item Export tags defined +=item NOTE =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHOR + +=item VERSION =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler =over 4 @@ -7610,27 +12564,19 @@ FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES =item DESCRIPTION -method, locked - -=back - -=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS +=item PROFILE FORMAT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTOLOAD -=item WARNING +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time +=head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability =over 4 @@ -7638,59 +12584,53 @@ method, locked =item DESCRIPTION -=item HISTORY - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Why use ppport.h? -=item DESCRIPTION +You should use F in modern code so that your code will work +with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, without significant +additional work. -=item BUGS +=item How to use ppport.h -=item AUTHOR +=item Running ppport.h =back -=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character -semantics +=item FUNCTIONS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SEE ALSO +=item WriteFile =back -=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal -escapes. +=item COMPATIBILITY =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Provided Perl compatibility API -=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS +=item Perl API not supported by ppport.h -=item charnames::viacode(code) +perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, +perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, +perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004_04, perl 5.004 -=item charnames::vianame(code) +=back =item BUGS +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants +=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer =over 4 @@ -7698,57 +12638,49 @@ escapes. =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES - =over 4 -=item List constants - -=item Defining multiple constants at once +=item Runtime debugging -=item Magic constants +=item Memory footprint debugging =back -=item TECHNICAL NOTES - -=item BUGS +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item A simple scalar string -=back +=item A simple scalar number -=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning -diagnostics +=item A simple scalar with an extra reference -=over 4 +=item A reference to a simple scalar -=item SYNOPSIS +=item A reference to an array -=item DESCRIPTION +=item A reference to a hash -=over 4 +=item Dumping a large array or hash -=item The C Pragma +=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer -=item The I Program +=item A reference to a subroutine =back -=item EXAMPLES - -=item INTERNALS +=item EXPORTS =item BUGS =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 encoding - pragma to control the conversion of legacy data into -Unicode +=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module =over 4 @@ -7756,13 +12688,9 @@ Unicode =item DESCRIPTION -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 fields - compile-time class fields +=head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests =over 4 @@ -7770,13 +12698,25 @@ Unicode =item DESCRIPTION -new, phash +I, I, I + +=item OO INTERFACE + +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, +$ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( +$data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, +$ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest + +=item Digest speed =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm =over 4 @@ -7784,26 +12724,27 @@ new, phash =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item FUNCTIONS -=item subpragma access +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) -=back +=item METHODS -=back +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), +$md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest -=head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating -point +=item EXAMPLES -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item COPYRIGHT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler +=head2 Digest::base - Digest base class =over 4 @@ -7811,9 +12752,11 @@ point =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time +=head2 Digest::file - Calculate digests of files =over 4 @@ -7821,24 +12764,15 @@ point =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Adding directories to @INC - -=item Deleting directories from @INC - -=item Restoring original @INC - -=back +digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file, +$algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] +) =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in -operations +=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles =over 4 @@ -7846,9 +12780,11 @@ operations =item DESCRIPTION +=item NOTES + =back -=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output +=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. =over 4 @@ -7856,27 +12792,44 @@ operations =item DESCRIPTION -=item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY +=over 4 -=item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS +=item Creation -=item SEE ALSO +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, +stopDbSignal + +=item Methods + +dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, +compactDump, veryCompact, set, get =back -=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling +=back + +=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, +@dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), +dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), +dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), +dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap() + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations +=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into +Perl code =over 4 @@ -7886,106 +12839,100 @@ operations =over 4 -=item Declaration of overloaded functions - -=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations +=item Migration from C -FALSE, TRUE, C +=item Backward compatible boilerplate -=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations +=back -=item Calling Conventions for Mutators +=item Order of initialization: early load() -C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions +=over 4 -=item Overloadable Operations +=item The most hairy case -I, I, I, -I, I, I, I, I, I +=back -=item Inheritance and overloading +=item LIMITATIONS -Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation -is inherited by derived classes +=item AUTHOR =back -=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C +=head2 Encode - character encodings =over 4 -=item Last Resort +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Fallback +=over 4 -C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE +=item Table of Contents -=item Copy Constructor +=back -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION +=item TERMINOLOGY -I, I, -I, C, I, I, -I, I, I, I, -I +=back -=item Losing overloading +=item PERL ENCODING API -=item Run-time Overloading +$octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING, +$octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, +CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, +CHECK]); -=item Public functions +=over 4 -overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) +=item Listing available encodings -=item Overloading constants +=item Defining Aliases -integer, float, binary, q, qr +=back -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item Encoding via PerlIO -=item Metaphor clash +=item Handling Malformed Data -=item Cookbook +B Not all encoding suppport this feature, I = +Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I = +Encode::FB_QUIET, I = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I = +Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML +charref mode (I = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask =over 4 -=item Two-face scalars - -=item Two-face references +=item Unimplemented fallback schemes -=item Symbolic calculator +=back -=item I symbolic calculator +=item Defining Encodings -=back +=item The UTF-8 flag -=item AUTHOR +Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4: -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=over 4 -Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable -type, `%s' is not a code reference +=item Messing with Perl's Internals -=item BUGS +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING) =back -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour - -=over 4 +=item UTF-8 vs. utf8 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item MAINTAINER =back -=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling +=head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings =over 4 @@ -7993,39 +12940,36 @@ type, `%s' is not a code reference =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: =over 4 -=item SIGNAL HANDLERS - -B, B, B I - -=item SIGNAL LISTS - -B, B, B - -=item OTHER - -B, B, I, I +=item Alias overloading =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour +=head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs +=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* + +=head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings =over 4 @@ -8033,22 +12977,33 @@ B, B, I, I =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C +=item NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names +=head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN + +=head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode + +=head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads -from perl +=head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class =over 4 @@ -8056,94 +13011,81 @@ from perl =item DESCRIPTION -$thread = new(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach, -threads->self, $thread->tid - -=item TODO +=over 4 -Fix so the return value is returned when you join, Add join_all, Fix memory -leaks! +=item Methods you should implement -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) -=item BUGS +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings -creating a thread from within a thread is unsafe under win32, -PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be +-Ename, -Erenew, -Erenewed, -Eperlio_ok(), +-Eneeds_lines() -=item SEE ALSO +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 =back -=head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data -structures between threads +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item EXPORT - -=item FUNCTIONS - -share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, unlock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, -cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE - -=item BUGS +=item Compiled Encodings -=item AUTHOR +=back =item SEE ALSO +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes + =back -=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source -code +=head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=over 4 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Utility functions +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) -$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]), -utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string) +=item CAVEATS -=back +=item TO DO =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) +=head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features +=item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)? -=over 4 +=item BUGS -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -C, C, C, C +=head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP* -=back +=head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP -=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings +=head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings =over 4 @@ -8151,39 +13093,43 @@ C, C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION -use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), -warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), -warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), -warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), -warnings::warnif($object, $message) +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function +=head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR + +=head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item BUGS -=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION +=item SEE ALSO -=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs +=back + +=head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Overview -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How does it work? -=over 4 +=item Line Buffering -=item DBM Comparisons +=over 4 -[0], [1], [2], [3] +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? =back @@ -8191,100 +13137,105 @@ warnings::warnif($object, $message) =back -=head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers +=head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode =over 4 -=item VERSION - -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] - =over 4 -=item Typed lexicals +=item Encoding Names -=item Type-specific attribute handlers +=back -=item Non-interpretive attribute handlers +=item Supported Encodings -=item Phase-specific attribute handlers +=over 4 -=item Attributes as C interfaces +=item Built-in Encodings -=back +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=item EXAMPLES +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -=item DIAGNOSTICS +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) -=item AUTHOR +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN -=item BUGS +=item Miscellaneous encodings -=item COPYRIGHT +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back -=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand +=item Unsupported encodings -=over 4 + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) =over 4 -=item Subroutine Stubs +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS -=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +=back -=item Package Lexicals +=item Glossary -=item Not Using AutoLoader +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 -=item B vs. B +=item See Also -=back +=item References -=item CAVEATS +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item Other Notable Sites -=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -=over 4 +=item Offline sources -=item SYNOPSIS +C by Ken Lunde -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -$keep, $check, $modtime +=back + +=head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings =over 4 -=item Multiple packages +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item ABSTRACT -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B - The Perl Compiler +=head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings =over 4 @@ -8292,389 +13243,424 @@ $keep, $check, $modtime =item DESCRIPTION -=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES - -=over 4 +=item NOTES -=item SV-RELATED CLASSES +=item BUGS -=item B::SV METHODS +=item SEE ALSO -REFCNT, FLAGS +=back -=item B::IV METHODS +=head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats -IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv +=over 4 -=item B::NV METHODS +=item SYNOPSIS -NV, NVX +=item ABSTRACT -=item B::RV METHODS +L says:, Quick Reference -RV +=item Size, Endianness, and BOM -=item B::PV METHODS +=over 4 -PV, PVX +=item by size -=item B::PVMG METHODS +=item by endianness -MAGIC, SvSTASH +BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order -=item B::MAGIC METHODS +=back -MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR +=item Surrogate Pairs -=item B::PVLV METHODS +=item Error Checking -TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG +=item SEE ALSO -=item B::BM METHODS +=back -USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE +=head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding -=item B::GV METHODS +=over 4 -is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, -LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item B::IO METHODS +=item ABSTRACT -LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, -BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS +=item In Practice -=item B::AV METHODS +=item SEE ALSO -FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS +=back -=item B::CV METHODS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to +encodings -STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS, const_sv +=over 4 -=item B::HV METHODS +=item SYNOPSIS -FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY +=item DESCRIPTION -=item OP-RELATED CLASSES +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -=item B::OP METHODS +=over 4 -next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private +=item Alias overloading -=item B::UNOP METHOD +=back -first +=item SEE ALSO -=item B::BINOP METHOD +=back -last +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- +Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* -=item B::LOGOP METHOD +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by +Encode::CN -other +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by +Encode -=item B::LISTOP METHOD +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode +Implementation Base Class -children +=over 4 -=item B::PMOP METHODS +=item SYNOPSIS -pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp +=item DESCRIPTION -=item B::SVOP METHOD +=over 4 -sv, gv +=item Methods you should implement -=item B::PADOP METHOD +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) -padix +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings -=item B::PVOP METHOD +-Ename, -Erenew, -Erenewed, -Eperlio_ok(), +-Eneeds_lines() -pv +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 -=item B::LOOP METHODS +=back -redoop, nextop, lastop +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? -=item B::COP METHODS +=over 4 -label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line +=item Compiled Encodings =back -=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C - -main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, -sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), -ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), -threadsv_names +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes =back -=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate -bytecode +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from +data =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) + +=item CAVEATS + +=item TO DO + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by +Encode::JP::2022_JP* + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used +by Encode::JP + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally +used by Encode::KR + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' +and 'Q' header encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHORS +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document +on Encode and PerlIO =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Overview -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How does it work? -=item AUTHOR +=item Line Buffering -=back +=over 4 -=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item OPTIONS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings +supported by Encode -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item Encoding Names =back -=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend +=item Supported Encodings =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Built-in Encodings -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=item OPTIONS +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, -B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -=item EXAMPLES +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) -=item BUGS +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN -=item AUTHOR +=item Miscellaneous encodings + +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back -=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend +=item Unsupported encodings + + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings + +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology + +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -=item DESCRIPTION +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS -=item OPTIONS +=back -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, -B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, -B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> +=item Glossary -=item EXAMPLES +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 -=item BUGS +=item See Also -=item DIFFERENCES +=item References + +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary =over 4 -=item Loops +=item Other Notable Sites -=item Context of ".." +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -=item Arithmetic +=item Offline sources -=item Deprecated features +C by Ken Lunde =back -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 +encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS +=item ABSTRACT -B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, -B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, -B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> +=item In Practice -=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS +=item SEE ALSO -B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, -B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, -B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, -B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, -B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, -B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, -B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, -B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> +=back -=item ABBREVIATIONS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder =over 4 -=item OP flags abbreviations - -=item OP class abbreviations +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item ABSTRACT -=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework +=item Description -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Predefined Methods -=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=over 4 +=item Example: base64 transcoder -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Operator Overloading -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code +=head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in +non-ascii or non-utf8 =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS +=item ABSTRACT -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, -B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I +=over 4 -=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE +=item Literal Conversions -=over 4 +=item PerlIO layers for C -=item Synopsis +=item Implicit upgrading for byte strings -=item Description +=back -=item new +=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1 -=item ambient_pragmas +"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle -strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits +=item USAGE -=item coderef2text +use encoding [I] ;, use encoding I [ STDIN =E +I ...] ;, use encoding I Filter=E1;, no encoding; -=back +=item The Filter Option -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87 =back -=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode +=item CAVEATS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item NOT SCOPED -=item DESCRIPTION +=item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS -=item AUTHOR +=item tr/// with ranges + +Legend of characters above =back -=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint +=item EXAMPLE - Greekperl + +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The Logic of :locale -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS +=item HISTORY -B, B and B, B, -B, B, B, B, B +=item SEE ALSO -=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS +=back -B<-u Package> +=head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item ABSTRACT -=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=item Description =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Predefined Methods -=item DESCRIPTION +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=item CONVENTIONS +=item Example: base64 transcoder -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item Operator Overloading -=item AUTHOR +=back + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files +=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation +variables =over 4 @@ -8682,11 +13668,12 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item PERFORMANCE =back -=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend +=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or +arrays =over 4 @@ -8694,13 +13681,13 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION +=item LIMITATIONS + =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded - -=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops +=head2 Errno - System errno constants =over 4 @@ -8708,11 +13695,15 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION +=item CAVEATS + =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs +=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules =over 4 @@ -8720,29 +13711,43 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=over 4 -C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> +=item How to Export -=item BUGS +=item Selecting What To Export -=item AUTHOR +=item How to Import + +C, C, C =back -=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=item Advanced features =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Specialised Import Lists -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Exporting without using Exporter's import method + +=item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter + +=item Module Version Checking + +=item Managing Unknown Symbols + +=item Tag Handling Utility Functions + +=item Generating combined tags + +=item Ced Constants -=item AUTHOR +=back =back -=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code +=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts =over 4 @@ -8750,48 +13755,40 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Methods +=back -new, debug, iters +=head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder - Compile and link C code for Perl modules -=item Standard Exports +=over 4 -timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), -timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( -TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Optional Exports +=item DESCRIPTION -clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ -STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), -disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) +=item METHODS -=back +new, have_compiler, compile, C, C, +C, link, lib_file, module_name, extra_linker_flags, +link_executable, exe_file, object_file, lib_file, exe_file, prelink, +need_prelink -=item NOTES +=item TO DO -=item EXAMPLES +=item HISTORY -=item INHERITANCE +=item AUTHOR -=item CAVEATS +=item COPYRIGHT =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS - -=item MODIFICATION HISTORY - =back -=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code +=head2 ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows - Builder class for Windows +platforms =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION =item AUTHOR @@ -8800,7 +13797,8 @@ disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) =back -=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in +Makefiles etc. =over 4 @@ -8808,281 +13806,250 @@ disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> +=back -=item EXAMPLES +cat -=item BUGS +eqtime -=item AUTHORS +rm_rf -=back +rm_f -=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class +touch -=over 4 +mv -=item SYNOPSIS +cp -=item ABSTRACT +chmod -=item DESCRIPTION +mkpath -=over 4 +test_f -=item PROGRAMMING STYLE +dos2unix -=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES +=over 4 -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): +=item SEE ALSO -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE +=item AUTHOR -=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: +=back -=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: +=head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles -=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: +=over 4 -=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: +=item SYNOPSIS -=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: +=item DESCRIPTION -=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: +B -=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: +=back -=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: +B -=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: +B -=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: +B -=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: +B -=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants -=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE +=over 4 -B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, -B<:standard>, B<:all> +=item SYNOPSIS -=item PRAGMAS +=item DESCRIPTION --any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, --newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, --private_tempfiles +=item USAGE -=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS +IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF -1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a -
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a
tag) +=item FUNCTIONS =back -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS +constant_types -=over 4 +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER +WriteMakefileSnippet -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER +WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, +BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -B, 4, 5, 6.. +=over 4 -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: +=back -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>), B<-base> +=over 4 -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: +=item USAGE -=over 4 +=back -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS +header -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS +memEQ_clause args_hashref -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION +dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM.. -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +assign arg_hashref, VALUE.. -=item AUTOESCAPING HTML +return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM -$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = -charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); +switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML +params WHAT -=back +dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM.. -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: +C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre, +post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight =over 4 -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG - -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM +=item BUGS -B, B +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD +=back -B +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD +=over 4 -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD +=item DESCRIPTION -B +=item USAGE -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU +C_stringify NAME -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST +=back -B +perl_stringify NAME -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES +=over 4 -B +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX +=back -B +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for +ExtUtils::Constant objects -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON +=item DESCRIPTION -B +=item BUGS -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON +=back -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD +=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON +=item SYNOPSIS -B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment -type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON +=item @EXPORT -=back +=item FUNCTIONS -=item HTTP COOKIES +xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), +ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> +=item EXAMPLES -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES +=item SEE ALSO -1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the tag +=item AUTHOR -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS +=back -=item DEBUGGING +=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there =over 4 -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS - -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES +=item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B Return the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, B +=over 4 -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS +=item Functions -In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters +B -=item Server Push +=back -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() +=back -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks +B I -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> +B -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL +B -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +_autosplit -=item CREDITS +=over 4 -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT +B -=item BUGS +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item LICENSE =back -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm +=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item USAGE -=item BUGS +=item FUNCTIONS + +new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), +packlist(), version() + +=item EXAMPLE -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log +=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them =over 4 @@ -9090,27 +14057,34 @@ other) error log =item DESCRIPTION -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES - -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW +For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For +dynamic extensions at load time =over 4 -=item Changing the default message +=item EXTRALIBS + +=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH + +=item BSLOADLIBS =back -=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS +=item PORTABILITY -=item CHANGE LOG +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item VMS implementation + +=item Win32 implementation + +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies +=head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass =over 4 @@ -9118,33 +14092,33 @@ other) error log =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Cookie +=back -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 -=item Creating New Cookies +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Recovering Previous Cookies +=over 4 -=item Manipulating Cookies +=item Overridden methods -B, B, B, B, B +=back =back -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods =over 4 @@ -9152,53 +14126,54 @@ B, B, B, B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE +=item METHODS -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS +=over 4 -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS +=item Cross-platform helper methods -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS +=back -=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION +=back -FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE +=over 4 -=item CAVEATS +=item Targets -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=back -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Init methods =back -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Tools -=item DESCRIPTION +=back =over 4 -=item Tags that won't be formatted +=item File::Spec wrappers -=item Customizing the Indenting +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Misc =back -=item BUGS +=over 4 =item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -9206,61 +14181,60 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Push +=back --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph +os_flavor -=over 4 +init_linker -=item Heterogeneous Pages +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +os_flavor -=item BUGS +=back -=item SEE ALSO +cflags -=back +replace_manpage_separator -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch +init_linker + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Overridden methods -=item SEE ALSO +os_flavor =back -=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module - -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic =over 4 @@ -9268,117 +14242,73 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=back -=item Interactive Mode +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, ls author, Signals +=over 4 -=item CPAN::Shell +=item SYNOPSIS -=item autobundle +=item DESCRIPTION -=item recompile +=back -=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution +os_flavor -=item Programmer's interface +init_platform, platform_constants -expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples +const_cccmd -=item Methods in the other Classes +static_lib -CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), -CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), -CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), -CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), -CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), -CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), -CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), -CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), -CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), -CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), -CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), -CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), -CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), -CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), -CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), -CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), -CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), -CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), -CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), -CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), -CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), -CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), -CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), -CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), -CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), -CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() +dynamic_lib -=item Cache Manager +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item Bundles +=over 4 -=item Prerequisites +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Finding packages and VERSION +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Debugging +=item METHODS -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode +init_dist =back -=item CONFIGURATION - -Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE -EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist -optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE -[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> - -=over 4 - -=item Note on urllist parameter's format - -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support +init_linker -=back +os_flavor -=item SECURITY +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix -=item EXPORT +=over 4 -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES +=item SYNOPSIS -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Three basic types of firewalls - -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade - -=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall +=item Overridden methods =back -=item FAQ - -1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) +=back -=item BUGS +=over 4 =item AUTHOR -=item TRANSLATIONS - =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -9386,22 +14316,27 @@ http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Overridden methods + +os_flavor + =back -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module +=back -=over 4 +B -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -9409,359 +14344,200 @@ module =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Forcing a Stack Trace +=item METHODS =back -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=back +=item Methods -=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside +os_flavor -=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree +=back -=over 4 +c_o (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +cflags (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +const_cccmd (o) -=item FUNCTIONS +const_config (o) -the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) +const_loadlibs (o) -=item CAUTIONARY NOTES +constants (o) -=item COPYRIGHT +depend (o) -=item AUTHOR +init_DEST -=back +init_dist -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes +dist (o) -=over 4 +dist_basics (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +dist_ci (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +dist_core (o) -=over 4 +B -=item The C function +B -=item Class Creation at Compile Time +B -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods +B -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) +zipfile_target -=item Initializing with C +uutardist_target -=back +shdist_target -=item EXAMPLES +dlsyms (o) -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 +dynamic_bs (o) -=item Author and Modification History +dynamic_lib (o) -=back +exescan -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information +extliblist -=over 4 +find_perl -=item SYNOPSIS +fixin -=item DESCRIPTION +force (o) -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) +guess_name -=item EXAMPLE +has_link_code -=item WARNING +init_dirscan -=item GLOSSARY +init_DIRFILESEP -=over 4 +init_main -=item _ +init_others -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> +init_linker -=item a +init_lib2arch -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +init_PERL -=item b +init_platform, platform_constants -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +init_PERM -=item c +init_xs -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +install (o) -=item d +installbin (o) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +linkext (o) -=item e +lsdir -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +macro (o) -=item f +makeaperl (o) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +makefile (o) -=item g +maybe_command -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +needs_linking (o) -=item h +nicetext -C, C, C, C +parse_abstract -=item i +parse_version -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +pasthru (o) -=item k +perl_script -C, C +perldepend (o) -=item l +perm_rw (o) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +perm_rwx (o) -=item m +pm_to_blib -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +post_constants (o) -=item M +post_initialize (o) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +postamble (o) -=item n +ppd -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +prefixify -=item o +processPL (o) -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +quote_paren -=item p +replace_manpage_separator -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +cd -=item P +oneliner -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +quote_literal -=item q +escape_newlines -C, C +max_exec_len -=item r +static (o) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +static_lib (o) -=item s +staticmake (o) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +subdir_x (o) -=item t +subdirs (o) -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +test (o) -=item u +test_via_harness (override) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +test_via_script (override) -=item v +tools_other (o) -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C +tool_xsubpp (o) -=item x +all_target -C, C +top_targets (o) -=item y +writedoc -C, C +xs_c (o) -=item z +xs_cpp (o) -C, C +xs_o (o) -=back +=over 4 -=item NOTE +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -9771,199 +14547,190 @@ C, C =over 4 -=item getcwd and friends +=item Methods always loaded + +wraplist -getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd +=back -=item abs_path and friends +=back -abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path +=over 4 -=item $ENV{PWD} +=item Methods + +guess_name (override) =back -=item NOTES +find_perl (override) -=item SEE ALSO +maybe_command (override) -=back +pasthru (override) -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) +pm_to_blib (override) -=over 4 +perl_script (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +replace_manpage_separator -=item DESCRIPTION +init_DEST -=over 4 +init_DIRFILESEP -=item Global Variables +init_main (override) - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno +init_others (override) -=item API Methods +init_platform (override) -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() +platform_constants -=item Client Callback Methods +init_VERSION (override) -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) +constants (override) -=back +special_targets -=item BUGS +cflags (override) -=item AUTHOR +const_cccmd (override) -=back +tools_other (override) -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x +init_dist (override) -=over 4 +c_o (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +xs_c (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +xs_o (override) -B, B, B +dlsyms (override) -=over 4 +dynamic_lib (override) -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater +static_lib (override) -=item Interface to Berkeley DB +extra_clean_files -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File +zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target -=item Default Parameters +install (override) -=item In Memory Databases +perldepend (override) -=back +makeaperl (override) -=item DB_HASH +nicetext (override) -=over 4 +prefixify (override) -=item A Simple Example +cd -=back +oneliner -=item DB_BTREE +B -=over 4 +quote_literal -=item Changing the BTREE sort order +escape_newlines -=item Handling Duplicate Keys +max_exec_len -=item The get_dup() Method +init_linker + +eliminate_macros + +fixpath -=item The find_dup() Method +os_flavor -=item The del_dup() Method +=over 4 -=item Matching Partial Keys +=item AUTHOR =back -=item DB_RECNO +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 -=item The 'bval' Option +=item SYNOPSIS -=item A Simple Example +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Extra RECNO Methods +=over 4 -B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, -length, elements);> +=item Overridden methods -=item Another Example +=back =back -=item THE API INTERFACE +=over 4 -B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> +=item AUTHOR -=item DBM FILTERS +=item SEE ALSO -B, B, B, -B +=back -=over 4 +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item The Filter +=over 4 -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item HINTS AND TIPS - =over 4 -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd - -=item Safe ways to lock a database +=item Overridden methods -B, B, B +B -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications +=back -=item The untie() Gotcha +replace_manpage_separator -=back +B -=item COMMON QUESTIONS +B -=over 4 +B -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? +init_platform, platform_constants -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? +special_targets -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? +static_lib -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? +dynamic_lib -=back +extra_clean_files -=item REFERENCES +init_linker -=item HISTORY +perl_script -=item BUGS +xs_o -=item AVAILABILITY +pasthru -=item COPYRIGHT +oneliner -=item SEE ALSO +cd -=item AUTHOR +max_exec_len -=back +os_flavor -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X =over 4 @@ -9973,54 +14740,29 @@ printing and C =over 4 -=item Methods - -I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I -I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Reset - -=item Functions +=item Overriden methods -Dumper(I) +xs_c -=item Configuration Variables or Methods +=back -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useperl I $I->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I $I->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deparse I $I->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>) +=back -=item Exports +xs_cpp -Dumper +xs_o -=back +max_exec_len -=item EXAMPLES +os_flavor -=item BUGS +=over 4 =item AUTHOR -=item VERSION - -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler +=head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization =over 4 @@ -10028,19 +14770,9 @@ Dumper =item DESCRIPTION -=item PROFILE FORMAT - -=item AUTOLOAD - -=item ENVIRONMENT - -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile =over 4 @@ -10050,67 +14782,89 @@ Dumper =over 4 -=item WriteFile +=item How To Write A Makefile.PL -=back +=item Default Makefile Behaviour -=item AUTHOR +=item make test -=item SEE ALSO +=item make testdb -=back +=item make install -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer +=item PREFIX and LIB attribute -=over 4 +=item AFS users -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations -=over 4 +=item Which architecture dependent directory? -=item Runtime debugging +=item Using Attributes and Parameters -=item Memory footprint debugging +ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, +EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, +FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, +INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, +INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, +INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, +INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, +LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, +MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, +OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, +PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, +PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, +PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, +VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION -=back +=item Additional lowercase attributes -=item EXAMPLES +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, +test, tool_autosplit -=over 4 +=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods -=item A simple scalar string +=item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming -=item A simple scalar number +C<< MAN3PODS => ' ' >> -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference +=item Hintsfile support -=item A reference to a simple scalar +=item Distribution Support -=item A reference to an array + make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, + make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make +uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci -=item A reference to a hash +=item Module Meta-Data -=item Dumping a large array or hash +=item Disabling an extension -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer +=item Other Handy Functions -=item A reference to a subroutine +prompt =back -=item EXPORTS - -=item BUGS +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item AUTHOR +PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS + +=item LICENSE + =back -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm =over 4 @@ -10120,29 +14874,48 @@ Dumper =back -=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About +MakeMaker =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -I, I, I +=over 4 -=item OO INTERFACE +=item Module Installation -$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = -Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), -$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest +How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without +installing it? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Philosophy and History + +Why not just use ?, What is +Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no +shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft + +=item Module Writing + +How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's +this F thing and how did it get in my F?! + +=item XS + +How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter +Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same +directory? + +=back + +=item PATCHING =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10150,26 +14923,22 @@ $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest =item DESCRIPTION -=item FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) +=item The Mantra -=item METHODS +=item The Layout -$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), -$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest +Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP, +bin/ -=item EXAMPLES +=back =item SEE ALSO -=item COPYRIGHT - -=item AUTHORS - =back -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm =over 4 @@ -10177,11 +14946,9 @@ $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES - =back -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm =over 4 @@ -10189,178 +14956,163 @@ $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest =item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file + =over 4 -=item Creation +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Methods +=over 4 + +=item Functions -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get +mkmanifest =back =back -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +manifind -=over 4 +manicheck -=item SYNOPSIS +filecheck -=item DESCRIPTION +fullcheck -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() +skipcheck -=item AUTHOR +maniread -=back +manicopy -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code +maniadd =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item MANIFEST -=item DESCRIPTION +=item MANIFEST.SKIP -=item AUTHOR +=item EXPORT_OK -=back +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES -=head2 Encode - character encodings +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item TERMINOLOGY +C I, C I, C I, +C I<$!>, C I -=back +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item ENCODINGS +B -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Characteristics of an Encoding +=item AUTHOR -=item Types of Encodings +=back -Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, -Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings +=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c -=item Specifying Encodings +=over 4 -1. By name, 2. As an object +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Encoding Names +=item DESCRIPTION -The MIME name as defined in IETF RFCs, The name in the IANA registry, The -name used by the organization that defined it +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item PERL ENCODING API +=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader =over 4 -=item Generic Encoding Interface +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Handling Malformed Data +=item DESCRIPTION -Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic +extension -=item UTF-8 / utf8 +=over 4 -=item Other Encodings of Unicode +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Listing available encodings +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Defining Aliases +DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME -As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code -reference, e.g.: +=item AUTHOR -=item Defining Encodings +=item REVISION =back -=item Encoding and IO - -=item Encoding How to ... +=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files -IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 -strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules +=over 4 -=item Messing with Perl's Internals +=item SYNOPSIS -is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES +=item USAGE --Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), --Edecode($octets,$check) +=item FUNCTIONS -=over 4 +new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() -=item Compiled Encodings +=item EXAMPLE -.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other -variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 +=item AUTHOR =back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 ExtUtils::ParseXS - converts Perl XS code into C code -=back +=over 4 -=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables -of the Encode extension +=item SYNOPSIS -=over 4 +=item EXPORT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item FUNCTIONS -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B +process_xs(), B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B, B, +errors() -=item KEYWORDS +=item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings +=back -=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension +=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B - -=item KEYWORDS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation -variables +=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die =over 4 @@ -10368,12 +15120,11 @@ variables =item DESCRIPTION -=item PERFORMANCE +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or -arrays +=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines =over 4 @@ -10381,13 +15132,13 @@ arrays =item DESCRIPTION -=item LIMITATIONS +=item NOTE -=item AUTHOR +=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS =back -=head2 Errno - System errno constants +=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces =over 4 @@ -10395,15 +15146,15 @@ arrays =item DESCRIPTION -=item CAVEATS +fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse -=item AUTHOR +=item EXAMPLES -=item COPYRIGHT +C, C =back -=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules +=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree =over 4 @@ -10411,78 +15162,73 @@ arrays =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item How to Export +=item HISTORY -=item Selecting What To Export +=back -=item Specialised Import Lists +=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles -=item Exporting without using Export's import method +=over 4 -=item Module Version Checking +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Managing Unknown Symbols +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Tag Handling Utility Functions +=item RETURN -=back +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts +=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles =over 4 -=item SYNOPIS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in -Makefiles etc. - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) -=item DESCRIPTION +rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =back -cat - -eqtime src dst +=item RETURN -rm_rf files... +=item NOTES -rm_f files... +=item AUTHOR -touch files .. +=back -mv source... destination +=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some -cp source... destination +=over 4 -chmod mode files.. +=item SYNOPSIS -mkpath directory.. +=item DESCRIPTION -test_f file +=item NOTES -=over 4 +=item EXPORTS (by request only) =item BUGS -=item SEE ALSO - =item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants +=head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree. =over 4 @@ -10490,66 +15236,63 @@ test_f file =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE - -IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF - -=item FUNCTIONS - -=back +B, B -C_stringify NAME +=over 4 -constant_types +=item %options -memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE.. +=item The wanted function -return_clause +C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current +filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete +pathname to the file -switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. +=back -params WHAT +=item WARNINGS -dump_names +=item CAVEAT -dogfood +$dont_use_nlink, symlinks -C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item -def_post +=item NOTES -XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +=item BUGS AND CAVEATS -autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER +=item HISTORY -WriteMakefileSnippet +=back -WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, -BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine =over 4 -=item AUTHOR - -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item META CHARACTERS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item POSIX FLAGS -=item @EXPORT +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item FUNCTIONS +=back -xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), -ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item EXAMPLES +C, C + +=item NOTES =item SEE ALSO @@ -10557,7 +15300,7 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there +=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees =over 4 @@ -10565,9 +15308,13 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item DESCRIPTION +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=item AUTHORS + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules +=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names =over 4 @@ -10575,20 +15322,21 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE - -=item FUNCTIONS +=item METHODS -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() +canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir, +no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath, +splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() -=item EXAMPLE +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them +=head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs =over 4 @@ -10596,34 +15344,43 @@ packlist(), version() =item DESCRIPTION -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions +=back -=over 4 +canonpath -=item EXTRALIBS +file_name_is_absolute -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH +tmpdir (override) -=item BSLOADLIBS +=over 4 + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item PORTABILITY +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs =over 4 -=item VMS implementation +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Win32 implementation +=item DESCRIPTION =back +canonpath() + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names =over 4 @@ -10631,12 +15388,19 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive +=over 4 + +=item Exports + +=back + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic) =over 4 @@ -10644,46 +15408,51 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION +=item METHODS + +canonpath + =back -catfile +catdir() -constants (o) +catfile -static_lib (o) +curdir -dynamic_bs (o) +devnull -dynamic_lib (o) +rootdir -canonpath +tmpdir -perl_script +updir -pm_to_blib +file_name_is_absolute -test_via_harness (o) +path -tool_autosplit (override) +splitpath -tools_other (o) +splitdir -xs_o (o) +catpath -top_targets (o) +abs2rel -htmlifypods (o) +rel2abs -manifypods (o) +=over 4 -dist_ci (o) +=item AUTHORS -dist_core (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -pasthru (o) +=item SEE ALSO -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=back + +=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs =over 4 @@ -10691,13 +15460,14 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +tmpdir, splitpath -=back +=item COPYRIGHT -perl_archive_after +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec +modules =over 4 @@ -10707,323 +15477,299 @@ perl_archive_after =item METHODS -=over 4 - -=item Preloaded methods - -canonpath - -=back +canonpath() =back -catdir +catdir() catfile curdir -rootdir - -updir - -=over 4 - -=item SelfLoaded methods +devnull -c_o (o) +rootdir -=back +tmpdir -cflags (o) +updir -clean (o) +no_upwards -const_cccmd (o) +case_tolerant -const_config (o) +file_name_is_absolute -const_loadlibs (o) +path -constants (o) +join -depend (o) +splitpath -dir_target (o) +splitdir -dist (o) +catpath() -dist_basics (o) +abs2rel -dist_ci (o) +rel2abs() -dist_core (o) +=over 4 -dist_dir (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -dist_test (o) +=item SEE ALSO -dlsyms (o) +=back -dynamic (o) +=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs -dynamic_bs (o) +=over 4 -dynamic_lib (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -exescan +=item DESCRIPTION -extliblist +eliminate_macros -file_name_is_absolute +=back -find_perl +fixpath =over 4 -=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile +=item Methods always loaded -fixin +canonpath (override) =back -force (o) - -guess_name +catdir -has_link_code +catfile -htmlifypods (o) +curdir (override) -init_dirscan +devnull (override) -init_main +rootdir (override) -init_others +tmpdir (override) -install (o) +updir (override) -installbin (o) +case_tolerant (override) -libscan (o) +path (override) -linkext (o) +file_name_is_absolute (override) -lsdir +splitpath (override) -macro (o) +splitdir (override) -makeaperl (o) +catpath (override) -makefile (o) +abs2rel (override) -manifypods (o) +rel2abs (override) -maybe_command +=over 4 -maybe_command_in_dirs +=item COPYRIGHT -needs_linking (o) +=item SEE ALSO -nicetext +=back -parse_version +=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs -parse_abstract +=over 4 -pasthru (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -path +=item DESCRIPTION -perl_script +devnull -perldepend (o) +=back -ppd +tmpdir -perm_rw (o) +catfile -perm_rwx (o) +canonpath -pm_to_blib +splitpath -post_constants (o) +splitdir -post_initialize (o) +catpath -postamble (o) +=over 4 -prefixify +=item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers -processPL (o) +=back -quote_paren +=over 4 -realclean (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -replace_manpage_separator +=item SEE ALSO -static (o) +=back -static_lib (o) +=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely -staticmake (o) +=over 4 -subdir_x (o) +=item PORTABILITY -subdirs (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -test (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -test_via_harness (o) +=back -test_via_script (o) +=over 4 -tool_autosplit (o) +=item OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE -tools_other (o) +B -tool_xsubpp (o) +=back -top_targets (o) +B -writedoc +B -xs_c (o) +B -xs_cpp (o) +=over 4 -xs_o (o) +=item FUNCTIONS -perl_archive +B -perl_archive_after +=back -export_list +B =over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS -=back +B -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=back -=over 4 +B -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +B =over 4 -=item Methods always loaded - -wraplist +=item POSIX FUNCTIONS -=back +B =back -rootdir (override) +B =over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS -guess_name (override) +B =back -find_perl (override) - -path (override) - -maybe_command (override) - -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) - -perl_script (override) +=over 4 -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS -replace_manpage_separator +B -init_others (override) +=back -constants (override) +B -cflags (override) +B -const_cccmd (override) +B -pm_to_blib (override) +=over 4 -tool_autosplit (override) +=item PACKAGE VARIABLES -tool_sxubpp (override) +B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH -xsubpp_version (override) +=back -tools_other (override) +TopSystemUID -dist (override) +B<$KEEP_ALL>, B<$DEBUG> -c_o (override) +=over 4 -xs_c (override) +=item WARNING -xs_o (override) +=over 4 -top_targets (override) +=item Temporary files and NFS -dlsyms (override) +=item Forking -dynamic_lib (override) +=item BINMODE -dynamic_bs (override) +=back -static_lib (override) +=item HISTORY -manifypods (override) +=item SEE ALSO -processPL (override) +=item AUTHOR -installbin (override) +=back -subdir_x (override) +=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions -clean (override) +=over 4 -realclean (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -dist_basics (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -dist_core (override) +=item BUGS -dist_dir (override) +=item NOTE -dist_test (override) +=item AUTHOR -install (override) +=back -perldepend (override) +=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits -makefile (override) +=over 4 -test (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -test_via_harness (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -test_via_script (override) +cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR -makeaperl (override) +=item CAVEATS -nicetext (override) +=item BUGS -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=back + +=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles =over 4 @@ -11031,45 +15777,58 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION +$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -catfile +=head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering -constants (o) +=over 4 -static_lib (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -dynamic_bs (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -dynamic_lib (o) +=over 4 -canonpath +=item The Problem -perl_script +=item A Solution -pm_to_blib +=item Disabling or changing behaviour -test_via_harness (o) +=item All-in-one interface -tool_autosplit (override) +=item Filtering only specific components of source code -tools_other (o) +C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">, +C<"all"> -xs_o (o) +=item Filtering only the code parts of source code -top_targets (o) +Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up +into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'> +component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial +filters +described in the previous section. -htmlifypods (o) +=item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C subroutine -manifypods (o) +=item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together -dist_ci (o) +=item How it works -dist_core (o) +=back -pasthru (o) +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module =over 4 @@ -11079,75 +15838,59 @@ pasthru (o) =over 4 -=item How To Write A Makefile.PL +=item B -=item Default Makefile Behaviour +=item B -=item make test +=item B -=item make testdb +B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B -=item make install +=back -=item PREFIX and LIB attribute +=item EXAMPLES -=item AFS users +=over 4 -=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary +=item Example 1: A simple filter. -=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations +=item Example 2: Using the context -=item Which architecture dependent directory? +=item Example 3: Using the context within the filter -=item Using Attributes and Parameters +=item Example 4: Using filter_del -ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, -MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, -NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW, -PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, -PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT, -PRINT_PREREQ, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, -XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION +=back -=item Additional lowercase attributes +=item Filter::Simple -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +=item AUTHOR -=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=item DATE -=item Hintsfile support +=back -=item Distribution Support +=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script - make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci +=over 4 -=item Disabling an extension +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES -PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT +=item KNOWN ISSUES -=item SEE ALSO +=item KNOWN BUGS =item AUTHORS +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file +=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. =over 4 @@ -11155,28 +15898,15 @@ PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT =item DESCRIPTION -=item MANIFEST.SKIP - -=item EXPORT_OK - -=item GLOBAL VARIABLES - -=item DIAGNOSTICS - -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I - -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item AVAILABILITY -B +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c +=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options =over 4 @@ -11184,110 +15914,107 @@ B =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - -=back +=item Command Line Options, an Introduction -=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader +=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Simple options -=item DESCRIPTION +=item A little bit less simple options -=back +=item Mixing command line option with other arguments -=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic -extension +=item Options with values -=over 4 +=item Options with multiple values -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Options with hash values -=item DESCRIPTION +=item User-defined subroutines to handle options -DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME +=item Options with multiple names -=item AUTHOR +=item Case and abbreviations -=item REVISION +=item Summary of Option Specifications + +!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ], : I [ I ], : ++ [ I ] =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files +=item Advanced Possibilities =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Object oriented interface -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Thread Safety -=item USAGE +=item Documentation and help texts -=item FUNCTIONS +=item Storing options in a hash -new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() +=item Bundling -=item EXAMPLE +=item The lonesome dash -=item AUTHOR +=item Argument callback =back -=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC +=item Configuring Getopt::Long -=over 4 +default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, +require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override +(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always +(default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help +(default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Exportable Methods -=item DESCRIPTION +VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage -=back +=item Return values and Errors -=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die +=item Legacy =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Default destinations -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Alternative option starters -=item AUTHOR +=item Configuration variables =back -=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines +=item Trouble Shooting =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not +supplied -=item DESCRIPTION +=item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly -=item NOTE +=item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called -=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS +=item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? =back -=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse - -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHOR -C, C +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER =back -=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches +with switch clustering =over 4 @@ -11295,9 +16022,11 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item C<--help> and C<--version> + =back -=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles +=head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines =over 4 @@ -11305,37 +16034,45 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item RETURN +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Restricted hashes + +lock_keys, unlock_keys =back -=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles +=back -=over 4 +lock_value, unlock_value -=item SYNOPSIS +B, B -=item DESCRIPTION +B =over 4 -=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) +=item CAVEATS -rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item RETURN +=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current +locale -=item NOTES +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some +=head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language +tags =over 4 @@ -11343,45 +16080,46 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES +=back -=item EXPORTS (by request only) +the function is_language_tag($lang1) -=item BUGS +the function extract_language_tags($whatever) -=item AUTHOR +the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=item HISTORY +the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=item SEE ALSO +the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) -=back +the function super_languages($lang1) -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree +the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) -=over 4 +the function encode_language_tag($lang1) -=item SYNOPSIS +the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) -=item DESCRIPTION +the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function +implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... ) + +=over 4 -=item WARNINGS +=item ABOUT LOWERCASING -=item CAVEAT +=item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS -$dont_use_nlink, symlinks +=item SEE ALSO -=item NOTES +=item COPYRIGHT -=item HISTORY +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine +=head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences =over 4 @@ -11389,21 +16127,19 @@ $dont_use_nlink, symlinks =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item FUNCTIONS -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item ENVIRONMENT -C, C +=item SEE ALSO -=item NOTES +=item COPYRIGHT =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees +=head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages =over 4 @@ -11411,11 +16147,147 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHORS +=item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS + +=item LIST OF LANGUAGES + +{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : +Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : +Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, +{ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], +{am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, +{arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} +: Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : +Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : +Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} +: Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : +Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} +: Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : +Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : +Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber +(Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, +{bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : +Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : +Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian +(Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central +American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], +{ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} +: Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : +Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : +Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, +{mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} +: French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based +Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : +Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : +Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) +Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, +{dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, +{dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} +: Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : +English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English +(ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : +Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} +: Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : +Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French +(ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : +Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, +{lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, +{de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High +German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} +: Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient +Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : +Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, +{he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : +Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, +{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, +{ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European +(Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua +(International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : +Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : +Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian +languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : +Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, +{kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : +Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} +: Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, +{kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, +{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, +{i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : +Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, +{kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : +Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : +Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : +Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban +(Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} +: Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, +{mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, +{mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : +Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : +Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : +Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, +[{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : +Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : +Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], +{lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple +languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, +{na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, +{ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : +Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, +{nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : +Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : +Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} +: Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : +Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian +languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : +Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : +Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian +(ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} +: Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], +{pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : +Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, +[{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : +Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan +languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : +Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, +[{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : +Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, +{sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, +{srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign +Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : +Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave +(Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, +{sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : +Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : +South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : +Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, +{sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : +Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, +{tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : +Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : +Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, +{tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, +{ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : +Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} +: Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : +Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, +{umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : +Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} +: Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} +: Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private +Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : +Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} +: Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, +{zun} : Zuni + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information =over 4 @@ -11423,19 +16295,21 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=over 4 -canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir, -no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath, -splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() +=item EXPORT + +=back =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back -=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs +=head2 IO - load various IO modules =over 4 @@ -11443,33 +16317,30 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =item DESCRIPTION -devnull +=item DEPRECATED =back -tmpdir - -path - -canonpath() +=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles -splitpath +=over 4 -splitdir +=item SYNOPSIS -catpath +=item DESCRIPTION -abs2rel +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] -rel2abs() +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles =over 4 @@ -11477,17 +16348,24 @@ rel2abs() =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Exports +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile -=back +=item METHODS + +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( +[LAYER] ) + +=item NOTE =item SEE ALSO +=item HISTORY + =back -=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic) +=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles =over 4 @@ -11495,49 +16373,52 @@ rel2abs() =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item CONSTRUCTOR -canonpath +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) -=back +=item METHODS -catdir() +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint -catfile +=item NOTE -curdir +=item SEE ALSO -devnull +=item BUGS -rootdir +=item HISTORY -tmpdir +=back -updir +=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -file_name_is_absolute +=over 4 -path +=item SYNOPSIS -splitpath +=item DESCRIPTION -splitdir +=item CONSTRUCTOR -catpath +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) -abs2rel +=item METHODS -rel2abs +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs +=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call =over 4 @@ -11545,64 +16426,64 @@ rel2abs =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec -modules - -=over 4 +=item METHODS -=item SYNOPSIS +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO -=item METHODS +=item AUTHOR -canonpath() +=item COPYRIGHT =back -catdir() +=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects -catfile +=over 4 -curdir +=item SYNOPSIS -devnull +=item DESCRIPTION -rootdir +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell -tmpdir +=item SEE ALSO -updir +=item HISTORY -no_upwards +=back -case_tolerant +=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call -file_name_is_absolute +=over 4 -path +=item SYNOPSIS -join +=item DESCRIPTION -splitpath +=item CONSTRUCTOR -splitdir +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) -catpath() +=item METHODS -abs2rel +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) -rel2abs() +=item EXAMPLE -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs +=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications =over 4 @@ -11610,177 +16491,198 @@ rel2abs() =item DESCRIPTION -eliminate_macros +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=back +new ( [ARGS] ) -fixpath +=item METHODS -=over 4 +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) -=item Methods always loaded +=item SEE ALSO -canonpath (override) +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -catdir +=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets -catfile +=over 4 -curdir (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -devnull (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -rootdir (override) +=item CONSTRUCTOR -tmpdir (override) +new ( [ARGS] ) -updir (override) +=over 4 -case_tolerant (override) +=item METHODS -path (override) +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=back -splitpath (override) +=item SEE ALSO -splitdir (override) +=item AUTHOR -catpath (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -abs2rel (override) +=back -rel2abs (override) +=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets =over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ARGS] ) -=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs +=item METHODS -=over 4 +hostpath(), peerpath() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR -devnull +=item COPYRIGHT =back -tmpdir +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory +handles -catfile +=over 4 -canonpath +=item SYNOPSIS -splitpath +=item DESCRIPTION -splitdir +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] -catpath +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely +=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles =over 4 -=item PORTABILITY - =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over 4 +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile -=item FUNCTIONS +=item METHODS -B +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( +[LAYER] ) + +=item NOTE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -B +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O +handles =over 4 -=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -B +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) -B +=item METHODS -B +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint -=over 4 +=item NOTE -=item POSIX FUNCTIONS +=item SEE ALSO -B +=item BUGS + +=item HISTORY =back -B +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes =over 4 -=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS - -B +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) -B +=item METHODS -=back +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item PACKAGE VARIABLES +=item AUTHOR -B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH +=item COPYRIGHT =back -TopSystemUID +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call =over 4 -=item WARNING - -=over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Temporary files and NFS +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item METHODS -=item HISTORY +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for +I/O objects =over 4 @@ -11788,13 +16690,18 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTE +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system +call =over 4 @@ -11802,11 +16709,26 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) + +=item METHODS + +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket +communications =over 4 @@ -11814,13 +16736,25 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION -$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ARGS] ) + +=item METHODS + +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for +AF_INET domain sockets =over 4 @@ -11828,36 +16762,45 @@ $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines =item DESCRIPTION +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ARGS] ) + =over 4 -=item The Problem +=item METHODS -=item A Solution +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() -=item Disabling or changing behaviour +=back -=item All-in-one interface +=item SEE ALSO -=item Filtering only specific components of source code +=item AUTHOR -C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">, -C<"all"> +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Filtering only the code parts of source code +=back -Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up -into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'> -component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial -filters -described in the previous section. +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for +AF_UNIX domain sockets -=item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C subroutine +=over 4 -=item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How it works +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ARGS] ) + +=item METHODS + +hostpath(), peerpath() + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -11865,7 +16808,7 @@ described in the previous section. =back -=head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module +=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class =over 4 @@ -11873,41 +16816,48 @@ described in the previous section. =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item METHODS -=item B +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat -=item B +=item SEE ALSO -=item B +=item AUTHOR -B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item EXAMPLES +=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing =over 4 -=item Example 1: A simple filter. +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Example 2: Using the context +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Example 3: Using the context within the filter +=item WARNING -=item Example 4: Using filter_del +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Filter::Simple +=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error +handling -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item DATE +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item WARNING =back -=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script +=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class =over 4 @@ -11915,19 +16865,22 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES +=item METHODS -=item KNOWN ISSUES +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat -=item KNOWN BUGS +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. +=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants =over 4 @@ -11935,15 +16888,17 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item AVAILABILITY - -=item BUGS +ftok( PATH, ID ) =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options +=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class =over 4 @@ -11951,99 +16906,105 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item Command Line Options, an Introduction +=item METHODS -=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Simple options +=item AUTHOR -=item A little bit less simple options +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Mixing command line option with other arguments +=back -=item Options with values +=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object +class -=item Options with multiple values +=over 4 -=item Options with hash values +=item SYNOPSIS -=item User-defined subroutines to handle options +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Options with multiple names +=item METHODS -=item Case and abbreviations +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat -=item Summary of Option Specifications +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR -!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ] +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item Advanced Possibilities +=head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines =over 4 -=item Object oriented interface +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Documentation and help texts +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Storing options in a hash +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST -=item Bundling +=item KNOWN BUGS -=item The lonesome dash +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS -=item Argument callback +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item Configuring Getopt::Long +=head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of +general-utility list subroutines -default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, -require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override -(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always -(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, -prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) +=over 4 -=item Return values and Errors +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Legacy +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST -=item Default destinations +=item KNOWN BUGS -=item Alternative option starters +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS -=item Configuration variables +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item Trouble Shooting +=head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of +general-utility scalar subroutines =over 4 -=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option - -=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not -supplied +=item SYNOPSIS -=item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF -=back +=item KNOWN BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=item BLATANT PLUG =back -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering +=head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes =over 4 @@ -12051,21 +17012,19 @@ clustering =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current -locale +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language -tags +=head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) =over 4 @@ -12073,43 +17032,48 @@ tags =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -the function is_language_tag($lang1) +B, B, B -the function extract_language_tags($whatever) +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) +code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) -the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) +=item QUERY ROUTINES -the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) +C, C -the function super_languages($lang1) +=item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES -the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) +=over 4 -the function encode_language_tag($lang1) +=item alias_code -the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) +=item rename_country -the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) +=back -=over 4 +=item EXAMPLES -=item ABOUT LOWERCASING +=item DOMAIN NAMES -=item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO -=item COPYRIGHT +Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO +3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html, +http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages +=head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency +identification (ISO 4217) =over 4 @@ -12117,161 +17081,33 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =item DESCRIPTION -=item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS - -=item LIST OF LANGUAGES - -{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : -Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], -{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : -Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : -Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : -Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : -Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], -[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : -Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, -{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : -Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu -(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak -(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : -Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : -Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : -Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : -Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, -[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], -[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : -Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} -: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : -Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, -{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : -Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and -pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], -[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles -and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : -Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default -(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} -: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : -Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, -{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, -{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English -(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : -Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : -Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} -: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : -Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, -{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, -{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), -{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : -Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : -Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : -Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, -{he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : -Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, -{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, -{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], -{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language -Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} -: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : -Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : -Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, -{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : -Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : -Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} -: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, -{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, -{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : -Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} -: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, -{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : -Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : -Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : -Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, -{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : -Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, -{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo -languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : -Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} -: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : -Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : -Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} -: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : -Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : -Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : -Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, -{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, -{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} -: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, -{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, -{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian -languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : -Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : -Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian -(ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} -: Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], -{pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : -Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, -[{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : -Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan -languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], -{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : -Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, -[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, -{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, -{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : -Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], -{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : -Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern -Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} -: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : -Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : -Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : -Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} -: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} -: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, -{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga -(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : -Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish -(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, -{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : -Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : -Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], -{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, -{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, -{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik -languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : -Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER - -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information +XTS, XXX -=over 4 +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -=item SYNOPSIS +code2currency(), currency2code() -=item DESCRIPTION +=item QUERY ROUTINES -=over 4 +C, C -=item EXPORT +=item EXAMPLES -=back +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995, +http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency + =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO - load various IO modules +=head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification +(ISO 639) =over 4 @@ -12279,28 +17115,30 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles +code2language(), language2code() -=over 4 +=item QUERY ROUTINES -=item SYNOPSIS +C, C -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXAMPLES -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization =over 4 @@ -12308,50 +17146,50 @@ rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile +=item QUICK OVERVIEW =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Construction Methods -=item HISTORY +=item The "maketext" Method -=back +$lh->fail_with I $lh->fail_with(I), $lh->failure_handler_auto -=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles +=item Utility Methods -=over 4 +$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, +$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), +$language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), +$language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Language Handle Attributes and Internals -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) +=item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON -=item METHODS +=item BRACKET NOTATION -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +=item AUTO LEXICONS -=item NOTE +=item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE + +=item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT =item SEE ALSO -=item BUGS +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER -=item HISTORY +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization =over 4 @@ -12359,44 +17197,37 @@ $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) - -=item METHODS - -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () +=item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You -=item COPYRIGHT +=item The Linguistic View -=back +=item Breaking gettext -=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=item Replacing gettext -=over 4 +=item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Buzzword: Isomorphism -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Buzzword: Inheritance -=item METHODS +=item Buzzword: Concision -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=item The Devil in the Details -=item SEE ALSO +=item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites -=item AUTHOR +=item References -=item COPYRIGHT +=back =back -=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects +=head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924) =over 4 @@ -12404,35 +17235,31 @@ IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) =item DESCRIPTION -$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), -WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), -$io->tell +B, B, B -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item HISTORY +=item SPECIAL CODES =back -=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call - -=over 4 +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -=item SYNOPSIS +code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item QUERY ROUTINES -=item CONSTRUCTOR +C, C -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) +=item EXAMPLES -=item METHODS +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +=item SEE ALSO -=item EXAMPLE +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924, +http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/ =item AUTHOR @@ -12440,7 +17267,7 @@ count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) =back -=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications +=head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings =over 4 @@ -12448,24 +17275,22 @@ count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=item METHODS +encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str) -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, -protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item SEE ALSO +Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data -=item AUTHOR +=item EXAMPLES =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets +=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding +of quoted-printable strings =over 4 @@ -12473,28 +17298,34 @@ protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode), +decode_qp($str); -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item METHODS +=back -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable +strings -=back +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHOR +=item DESCRIPTION + +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode), +decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets +=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package =over 4 @@ -12502,66 +17333,58 @@ sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=over 4 -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item Canonical notation -=item METHODS +=item Output -hostpath(), peerpath() +=item C, C and C -=item SEE ALSO +=item Accuracy vs. Precision -=item AUTHOR +=item Rounding -=item COPYRIGHT +ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale +), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 ) =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory -handles +=item METHODS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR +=item accuracy -=item COPYRIGHT +=item precision() =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=item Autocreating constants =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Math library -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Using Math::BigInt::Lite -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile +=item BUGS -=item METHODS +=item CAVEATS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs. accuracy() =item SEE ALSO -=item HISTORY +=item LICENSE + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O -handles +=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package =over 4 @@ -12569,200 +17392,206 @@ handles =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) +Input, Output =item METHODS -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +=over 4 -=item NOTE +=item config -=item SEE ALSO +=item accuracy -=item BUGS +=item precision -=item HISTORY +=item brsft -=back +=item new -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=item bnan -=over 4 +=item bzero -=item SYNOPSIS +=item binf -=item DESCRIPTION +=item bone -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf() -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +=item is_pos()/is_neg() -=item METHODS + $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0 + $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0 -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () +=item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int() -=item SEE ALSO +=item bcmp -=item AUTHOR +=item bacmp -=item COPYRIGHT +=item sign -=back +=item digit -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=item bneg -=over 4 +=item babs -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bnorm -=item DESCRIPTION +=item bnot -=item METHODS +=item binc -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=item bdec -=item SEE ALSO +=item badd -=item AUTHOR +=item bsub -=item COPYRIGHT +=item bmul -=back +=item bdiv -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for -I/O objects +=item bmod -=over 4 +=item bmodinv -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bmodpow -=item DESCRIPTION +=item bpow -$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), -WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), -$io->tell +=item blsft -=item SEE ALSO +=item brsft -=item HISTORY +=item band -=back +=item bior -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system -call +=item bxor -=over 4 +=item bnot -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bsqrt -=item DESCRIPTION +=item bfac -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item round -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) +=item bround -=item METHODS +=item bfround -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +=item bfloor -=item EXAMPLE +=item bceil -=item AUTHOR +=item bgcd -=item COPYRIGHT +=item blcm -=back +=item exponent -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket -communications +=item mantissa -=over 4 +=item parts -=item SYNOPSIS +=item copy -=item DESCRIPTION +=item as_int -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item bsstr -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item as_hex -=item METHODS +=item as_bin -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, -protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=item ACCURACY and PRECISION -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Precision P -=back +=item Accuracy A -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for -AF_INET domain sockets +=item Fallback F -=over 4 +=item Rounding mode R -=item SYNOPSIS +'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy +(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, +Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, +Remarks -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item Infinity and Not a Number -new ( [ARGS] ) +oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2() + +=item INTERNALS =over 4 -=item METHODS +=item MATH LIBRARY -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +=item SIGN + +=item mantissa(), exponent() and parts() =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR + use Math::BigInt; -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Autocreating constants + +=item PERFORMANCE + +=over 4 + +=item Alternative math libraries + +=item SUBCLASSING =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for -AF_UNIX domain sockets +=item Subclassing Math::BigInt + +=item UPGRADING =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Auto-upgrade -=item DESCRIPTION +bsqrt(), div(), blog() -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item BUGS -=item METHODS +broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior +5.6.0 + +=item CAVEATS + +bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, +Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, +bsqrt(), brsft() -hostpath(), peerpath() +=item LICENSE =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt =over 4 @@ -12770,21 +17599,25 @@ hostpath(), peerpath() =item DESCRIPTION +=item STORAGE + =item METHODS -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +=item WRAP YOUR OWN -=item SEE ALSO +=item LICENSE -=item AUTHOR +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing +=head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code =over 4 @@ -12792,26 +17625,32 @@ FLAGS ] ), stat =item DESCRIPTION -=item WARNING +=item METHODS -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item __emu_bxor -=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error -handling +=item __emu_band -=over 4 +=item __emu_bior -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item LICENSE -=item WARNING +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class +=head2 Math::BigInt::FastCalc - Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more +speed =over 4 @@ -12819,22 +17658,23 @@ handling =item DESCRIPTION +=item STORAGE + =item METHODS -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +=item LICENSE -=item SEE ALSO +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants +=head2 Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers =over 4 @@ -12842,99 +17682,84 @@ set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N =item DESCRIPTION -ftok( PATH, ID ) - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHORS +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item MATH LIBRARY =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=item METHODS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item new() -=item DESCRIPTION +=item numerator() -=item METHODS +=item denominator() -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat + $d = $x->denominator(); -=item SEE ALSO +=item parts() -=item AUTHOR +=item as_int() -=item COPYRIGHT +=item as_hex() -=back +=item as_bin() -=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object -class +=item bfac() -=over 4 +=item blog() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bround()/round()/bfround() -=item DESCRIPTION +=item bmod() -=item METHODS +=item is_one() -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +=item is_zero() -=item SEE ALSO +=item is_pos() -=item AUTHOR +=item is_neg() -=item COPYRIGHT +=item is_int() -=back +=item is_odd() -=head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines +=item is_even() -=over 4 +=item bceil() -=item SYNOPSIS +=item bfloor() -=item DESCRIPTION + $x->bfloor(); -first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce -BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST +=item bsqrt() -=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS + $x->bsqrt(); -=item COPYRIGHT +=item config =back -=head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of -general-utility list subroutines - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS +=item BUGS -=item DESCRIPTION +inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented +except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(), +blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial) -first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce -BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST +=item LICENSE -=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS +=item SEE ALSO -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of -general-utility scalar subroutines +=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical +functions =over 4 @@ -12942,244 +17767,228 @@ general-utility scalar subroutines =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF - -=item COPYRIGHT - -=item BLATANT PLUG +=item OPERATIONS -=back +=item CREATION -=head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes +=item STRINGIFICATION =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS +=item USAGE -=item SEE ALSO +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO -Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency +=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) +=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B +=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS -=back +B =over 4 -=item CONVERSION ROUTINES +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO -code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), -country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) +=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS =back -=over 4 +=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS -=item QUERY ROUTINES +=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS -C, C +=over 4 -=back +=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS -=over 4 +=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS -=item CODE ALIASING +cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, +cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=over 4 +=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS =item EXAMPLES -=item DOMAIN NAMES - -=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS -Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, -http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, -http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, -http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html +=back -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency -identification (ISO 4217) +=head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION -XTS, XXX +=item DETAILS -=back +=item OPTIONS =over 4 -=item CONVERSION ROUTINES +=item INSTALL -code2currency(), currency2code() +=item NORMALIZER + +=item C, C + +C, C, C, C, C =back +=item OTHER FACILITIES + =over 4 -=item QUERY ROUTINES +=item C -C, C +=item C =back -=over 4 +=item CAVEATS -=item EXAMPLES +=item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT -=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS +=item EXPIRATION SUPPORT -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS -Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency +=item MAILING LIST =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE + +=item THANK YOU =back -=head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification -(ISO 639) +=head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for +Storable use =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=over 4 +=head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of +memoized values -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=over 4 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CONVERSION ROUTINES +=item INTERFACE -code2language(), language2code() + TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE -=back +=item ALTERNATIVES -=over 4 +=item CAVEATS -=item QUERY ROUTINES +=item AUTHOR -C, C +=item SEE ALSO =back -=over 4 +=head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=back -Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), -http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html +=head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization +=head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for +Storable use =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=item QUICK OVERVIEW +=back -=item METHODS +=head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for +Storable use =over 4 -=item Construction Methods - -=item The "maketext" Method +=item DESCRIPTION -$lh->fail_with I $lh->fail_with(I), $lh->failure_handler_auto +=back -=item Utility Methods +=head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database -$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, -$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), -$language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), -$language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() +=over 4 -=item Language Handle Attributes and Internals +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES +=head2 Module::CoreList - what modules shipped with versions of perl -=item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON +=over 4 -=item BRACKET NOTATION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTO LEXICONS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE +=item CAVEATS -=item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT +=item HISTORY -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=item COPYRIGHT -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization +=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files =over 4 @@ -13187,37 +17996,50 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =item DESCRIPTION -=item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes +C, C, C + +=item DIAGNOSTICS =over 4 -=item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You +=item C -=item The Linguistic View +=back -=item Breaking gettext +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS -=item Replacing gettext +=back -=item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method +redispatch -=item Buzzword: Isomorphism +=over 4 -=item Buzzword: Inheritance +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Buzzword: Concision +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Devil in the Details +=over 4 -=item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites +=item Enforcing redispatch -=item References +=item Avoiding repetitions + +=item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call + +=item Using C methods =back +=item AUTHOR + +=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings +=head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc) =over 4 @@ -13225,35 +18047,47 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =item DESCRIPTION -encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) +=item USER METHODS -=item DIAGNOSTICS +debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), +dataend () -Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data +=item CLASS METHODS -=item EXAMPLES +debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... +]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), +ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh () + +=item EXPORTS + +=item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding -of quoted-printable strings +=head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPSYS =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +=item METHODS -=item COPYRIGHT +requires_firewall HOST + +=item NetConfig VALUES + +nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, +time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive, +ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists =back -=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable -strings +=head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name +and domain =over 4 @@ -13261,13 +18095,15 @@ strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () + +=item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package +=head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class =over 4 @@ -13275,42 +18111,62 @@ encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item OVERVIEW -=item Canonical notation +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Output +new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) -=item C, C and C +=item METHODS -=item Accuracy vs. Precision +login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), +site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME +), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, +RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( +[ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), +put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE +] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), +size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ +BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), +stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), +pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( +SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), +abort (), quit () -=item Rounding +=over 4 -ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale -), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 ) +=item Methods for the adventurous + +quot (CMD [,ARGS]) =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item THE dataconn CLASS - # not ready yet +read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), +bytes_read (), abort (), close () -=item Autocreating constants +=item UNIMPLEMENTED -=item BUGS +B, B, B, B, B, B, B -=item CAVEAT +=item REPORTING BUGS -stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow +=item AUTHOR -=item LICENSE +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item USE EXAMPLES + +http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/ + +=item CREDITS + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package +=head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class =over 4 @@ -13318,72 +18174,77 @@ stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow =item DESCRIPTION -Canonical notation, Input, Output - -=item ACCURACY and PRECISION +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over 4 +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) -=item Precision P +=item METHODS -=item Accuracy A +article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( +[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ +MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] +), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), +postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, +DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), +post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit () -=item Fallback F +=over 4 -=item Rounding mode R +=item Extension methods -'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy -(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, -Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, -Remarks +newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), +overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN +), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( +MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ +GROUP ] ), reader =back -=item INTERNALS - -=over 4 - -=item MATH LIBRARY +=item UNSUPPORTED -=item SIGN +=item DEFINITIONS -=item mantissa(), exponent() and parts() +MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHOR - use Math::BigInt qw(bstr); +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Autocreating constants +=back -=item PERFORMANCE +=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939) =over 4 -=item Alternative math libraries +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item CONSTRUCTOR -Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0 +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0 -=item CAVEATS +=item METHODS -stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity -handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object -types, bsqrt() +auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER +[, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities +(), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] +), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] +), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () -=item LICENSE +=item NOTES =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt +=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability =over 4 @@ -13391,24 +18252,32 @@ types, bsqrt() =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORT +=over 4 -=item WRAP YOUR OWN +=item Functions -=item LICENSE +Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos +]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( +[ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host +[, $timeout]); -This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it -under -the same terms as Perl itself. +=back + +=item NOTES + +=item INSTALL + +=item BUGS =item AUTHORS -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical -functions +=head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client =over 4 @@ -13416,31 +18285,51 @@ functions =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPERATIONS +=item EXAMPLES -=item CREATION +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item STRINGIFICATION +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] ) -=over 4 +=item METHODS -=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 +banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( +USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), +send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( +ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] +), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), +data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ +$subject ] ), quit () + +=item ADDRESSES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item USAGE +=head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO +=over 4 -=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, +PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]) -=item BUGS +=item AUTHOR -=item AUTHORS +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions +=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() +functions =over 4 @@ -13448,112 +18337,117 @@ functions =item DESCRIPTION -=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS - -B - -=over 4 +=item EXAMPLES -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO +=item NOTE -=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS +=item AUTHOR =back -=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS - -=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS +=head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions =over 4 -=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS +=over 4 -cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, -cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical +=item Where to get this document -=back +=item How to contribute to this document -=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS +=back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Author and Copyright Information =over 4 -=item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS +=item Disclaimer =back -=item BUGS +=item Obtaining and installing libnet -=item AUTHORS +=over 4 -=back +=item What is libnet ? -=head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time +=item Which version of perl do I need ? -=over 4 +=item What other modules do I need ? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item What machines support libnet ? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where can I get the latest libnet release -=item DETAILS +=back -=item OPTIONS +=item Using Net::FTP =over 4 -=item INSTALL +=item How do I download files from an FTP server ? -=item NORMALIZER +=item How do I transfer files in binary mode ? -=item C, C +=item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ? -C, C, C, C, C +=item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server +? -=back +=item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ? -=item OTHER FACILITIES +=item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ? -=over 4 +=item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ? -=item C +=item Changing directory to "" does not fail ? -=item C +=item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ? -=back +=item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside +? -=item CAVEATS +=item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21 -=item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT +=item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP +server ? -=item EXPIRATION SUPPORT +=item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it +documented ? -=item BUGS +=item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods -=item MAILING LIST +=back -=item AUTHOR +=item Using Net::SMTP -=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE +=over 4 -=item THANK YOU +=item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the +hostname ? + +=item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ? + +=item The verify method always returns true ? =back -=head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for -Storable use +=item Debugging scripts =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ? =back -=head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of -memoized values +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() +functions =over 4 @@ -13561,80 +18455,94 @@ memoized values =item DESCRIPTION -=item INTERFACE - - TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE - -=item ALTERNATIVES +=item EXAMPLES -=item CAVEATS +=item NOTE =item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics +=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() +functions =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION +=item NOTE + +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics +=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() +functions =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for -Storable use +=item EXAMPLES -=over 4 +=item NOTE -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for -Storable use +=head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item THE .netrc FILE -=head2 Memoize::Saves - Plug-in module to specify which return values -should be memoized +machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef +name -=over 4 +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item SYNOPSIS +lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ]) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item METHODS -=item CAVEATS +login (), password (), account (), lpa () =item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database +=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION +=item CONVENTIONS + +=item IMPLEMENTATION + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files +=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files =over 4 @@ -13648,7 +18556,7 @@ C, C, C =over 4 -=item C +=item C =back @@ -13656,7 +18564,7 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch +=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code =over 4 @@ -13664,23 +18572,45 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item NOTE -=item Enforcing redispatch +=item WARNING -=item Avoiding repetitions +=item Operator Names and Operator Lists + +an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname +or optag, an operator set (opset) + +=item Opcode Functions + +opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), +full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), +define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), +opdump (PAT) + +=item Manipulating Opsets + +=item TO DO (maybe) =back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS +=item Predefined Opcode Tags -=item COPYRIGHT +:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, +:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, +:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, +:dangerous + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc) +=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted +compartments =over 4 @@ -13688,47 +18618,45 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item USER METHODS +a new namespace, an operator mask -debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), -dataend () +=item WARNING -=item CLASS METHODS +=over 4 -debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... -]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), -ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot () +=item RECENT CHANGES -=item EXPORTS +=item Methods in class Safe + +permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, +...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from +(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), +root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) + +=item Some Safety Issues + +Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=back =back -=head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet +=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when +compiling =over 4 -=item SYNOPSYS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -requires_firewall HOST - -=item NetConfig VALUES - -nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, -time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive, -ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name -and domain +=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 =over 4 @@ -13736,125 +18664,130 @@ and domain =item DESCRIPTION -hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () +=item NOTE -=item AUTHOR +=item CAVEATS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item FUNCTIONS -=back +_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, +atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, +clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, +cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, +execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, +fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, +fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, +fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, +geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, +getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, +isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, +isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, +log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, +memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, +offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, +putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, +rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, +setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, +sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, +strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, +strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, +strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, +tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, +tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, +unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, +wctomb, write -=head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class +=item CLASSES =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OVERVIEW +=item POSIX::SigAction -=item CONSTRUCTOR +new, handler, mask, flags, safe -new (HOST [,OPTIONS]) +=item POSIX::SigSet -=item METHODS +new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember -login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), -site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) -ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME -), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ), -mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( -REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] -), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, -REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( -CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR -] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( -FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, -DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), -pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () +=item POSIX::Termios -=over 4 +new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, +getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, +setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc +field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field +values, c_oflag field values -=item Methods for the adventurous +=back -quot (CMD [,ARGS]) +=item PATHNAME CONSTANTS -=back +Constants -=item THE dataconn CLASS +=item POSIX CONSTANTS -read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), -bytes_read (), abort (), close () +Constants -=item UNIMPLEMENTED +=item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION -B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B +Constants -=item REPORTING BUGS +=item ERRNO -=item AUTHOR +Constants -=item SEE ALSO +=item FCNTL -=item USE EXAMPLES +Constants -http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz +=item FLOAT -=item CREDITS +Constants -=item COPYRIGHT +=item LIMITS -=back +Constants -=head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class +=item LOCALE -=over 4 +Constants -=item SYNOPSIS +=item MATH -=item DESCRIPTION +Constants -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item SIGNAL -new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) +Constants -=item METHODS +=item STAT -article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( -[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] -), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( -USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( -SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave -(), quit () +Constants, Macros -=over 4 +=item STDLIB -=item Extension methods +Constants -newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), -overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN -), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( -MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ -GROUP ] ), reader +=item STDIO -=back +Constants -=item UNSUPPORTED +=item TIME -=item DEFINITIONS +Constants -MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C +=item UNISTD -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=item AUTHOR +=item WAIT -=item COPYRIGHT +Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, +WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG =back -=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081) +=head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* +name space =over 4 @@ -13862,30 +18795,29 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32 -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=over 4 -new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] ) +=item Custom Layers -=item METHODS +:encoding, :via -user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER, -PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, -FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( -MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () +=item Alternatives to raw -=item NOTES +=item Defaults and how to override them -=item SEE ALSO +=item Querying the layers of filehandles + +=back =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability +=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer =over 4 @@ -13893,22 +18825,23 @@ MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item DESCRIPTION -icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external +=item SEE ALSO + +=back -=over 4 +=head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO -=item Functions +=over 4 -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES +=item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE =back -=head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client +=head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl =over 4 @@ -13916,31 +18849,28 @@ $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] +=item EXPECTED METHODS -=item METHODS +$class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), +$obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), +$obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), +$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), +$obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), +$obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), +$obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) -banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME, -PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( -ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, -ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( -ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ -DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), -quit () +=item EXAMPLES -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle -=item COPYRIGHT +=back =back -=head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface +=head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings =over 4 @@ -13948,135 +18878,147 @@ quit () =item DESCRIPTION -inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, -PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]) +=item REQUIRED MODULES -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() -functions +=head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item NOTE +=item podchecker() -=item AUTHOR +B<-warnings> =E I =back -=head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item DIAGNOSTICS =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Errors -=over 4 +empty =headn, =over on line I without closing =back, =item without +previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end +without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, +unresolved internal link I, Unknown command "I", Unknown +interior-sequence "I", nested commands +IE...IE...E...E, garbled entity I, Entity +number out of range, malformed link LEE, nonempty ZEE, +empty XEE, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s) +after =back -=item Where to get this document +=item Warnings -=item How to contribute to this document +multiple occurrence of link target I, line containing nothing but +whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has +no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I +vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No +items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI without preceding higher +level + +=item Hyperlinks + +ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' +deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or / =back -=item Author and Copyright Information +=item RETURN VALUE -=over 4 +=item EXAMPLES -=item Disclaimer +=item INTERFACE =back -=item Obtaining and installing libnet - -=over 4 +Cnew( %options )> -=item What is libnet ? +C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, +@args )> -=item Which version of perl do I need ? +C<$checker-Enum_errors()> -=item What other modules do I need ? +C<$checker-Enum_warnings()> -=item What machines support libnet ? +C<$checker-Ename()> -=item Where can I get the latest libnet release +C<$checker-Enode()> -=back +C<$checker-Eidx()> -=item Using Net::FTP +C<$checker-Ehyperlink()> =over 4 -=item How do I download files from an FTP server ? - -=item How do I transfer files in binary mode ? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ? +=back -=item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server -? +=head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees -=item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ? +=over 4 -=item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Changing directory to "" does not fail ? +=back -=item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ? +=over 4 -=item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside -? +=item C -=item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21 +C<-verbose =E 1>, C<-perl =E 1>, C<-script =E 1>, C<-inc =E +1> -=item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP -server ? +=back -=item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it -documented ? +=over 4 -=item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods +=item C =back -=item Using Net::SMTP - =over 4 -=item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the -hostname ? - -=item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ? +=item C -=item The verify method always returns true ? +C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E +1> =back -=item Debugging scripts - =over 4 -=item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ? +=item C =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() -functions +=head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML =over 4 @@ -14084,368 +19026,377 @@ functions =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +=item ARGUMENTS -=item NOTE +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir, +htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, +quiet, recurse, title, verbose + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item ENVIRONMENT =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() -functions +=head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, +commands, etc. =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item REQUIRES -=item NOTE +=item EXPORTS -=item AUTHOR +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +package B, package B, package +B, package B -=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() -functions +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B -=item EXAMPLES +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item B =back -=head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B -=item THE .netrc FILE +=back -machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef -name +=over 4 -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item B -lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ]) +=back -=item METHODS +=over 4 -login (), password (), account (), lpa () +=item B -=item AUTHOR +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item B =back -=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends - =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Pod::Paragraph-EB -=item CONVENTIONS +=back -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files +=over 4 + +=item $pod_para-EB + +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $pod_para-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -C, C, C +=over 4 -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item $pod_para-EB + +=back =over 4 -=item C +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=item BUGS AND WARNINGS +=over 4 + +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code +=over 4 + +=item $pod_para-EB + +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item WARNING +=item Pod::InteriorSequence-EB -=item Operator Names and Operator Lists +=back -an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname -or optag, an operator set (opset) +=over 4 -=item Opcode Functions +=item $pod_seq-EB -opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), -full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), -define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), -opdump (PAT) +=back -=item Manipulating Opsets +=over 4 -=item TO DO (maybe) +=item $pod_seq-EB =back =over 4 -=item Predefined Opcode Tags +=item $pod_seq-EB -:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, -:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, -:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, -:dangerous +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted -compartments +=over 4 + +=item $pod_seq-EB + +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -a new namespace, an operator mask +=over 4 -=item WARNING +=item $pod_seq-EB + +=back =over 4 -=item RECENT CHANGES +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item Methods in class Safe +=back -permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, -...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from -(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), -root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) +=over 4 -=item Some Safety Issues +=item $pod_seq-EB -Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item Pod::InteriorSequence::B =back +=over 4 + +=item B + =back -=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when -compiling +=over 4 + +=item Pod::ParseTree-EB + +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $ptree-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item $ptree-EB =back -=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 +=over 4 + +=item $ptree-EB + +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $ptree-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item CAVEATS +=item $ptree-EB -=item FUNCTIONS +=back -_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, -atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, -clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, -cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, -execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, -fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, -fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, -fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, -getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, -getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, -iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, -isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, -longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, -memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, -opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, -qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, -rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, -setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, -sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, -strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, -strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, -strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, -tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, -tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, -unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, -wctomb, write +=over 4 -=item CLASSES +=item Pod::ParseTree::B + +=back =over 4 -=item POSIX::SigAction +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR -new +=back -=item POSIX::SigSet +=head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex -new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember +=over 4 -=item POSIX::Termios +=item SYNOPSIS -new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, -getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, -setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc -field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field -values, c_oflag field values +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item PATHNAME CONSTANTS +=over 4 -Constants +=item OBJECT METHODS -=item POSIX CONSTANTS +C -Constants +=back -=item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION +=over 4 -Constants +=item Data Accessors -=item ERRNO +B -Constants +=back -=item FCNTL +B -Constants +B -=item FLOAT +B