X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=2c00af49ee9c8c415140abb7109af70eb722ab1f;hb=574bacfe464e67c186e160f356e339f5a9faa3e8;hp=0a67fdc2323291acee849f92630d305a29320467;hpb=14455d6cc193f1e4316f87b9dbe258db24ceb714;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index 0a67fdc..2c00af4 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -13,22 +13,12 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -modularity and reusability using innumerable modules, embeddable and -extensible, roll-your-own magic variables (including multiple simultaneous -DBM implementations), subroutines can now be overridden, autoloaded, and -prototyped, arbitrarily nested data structures and anonymous functions, -object-oriented programming, compilability into C code or Perl bytecode, -support for light-weight processes (threads), support for -internationalization, localization, and Unicode, lexical scoping, regular -expression enhancements, enhanced debugger and interactive Perl -environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library - =item AVAILABILITY =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -50,1880 +40,7464 @@ environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23 20:38:02 $) -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, L: General Questions -About Perl, What is Perl?, Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it -free?, Which version of Perl should I use?, What are perl4 and perl5?, What -is perl6?, How stable is Perl?, Is Perl difficult to learn?, How does Perl -compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?, Can -I do [task] in Perl?, When shouldn't I program in Perl?, What's the -difference between "perl" and "Perl"?, Is it a Perl program or a Perl -script?, What is a JAPH?, Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?, -How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?, L: Obtaining and -Learning about Perl, What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?, How -can I get a binary version of Perl?, I don't have a C compiler on my -system. How can I compile perl?, I copied the Perl binary from one machine -to another, but scripts don't work, I grabbed the sources and tried to -compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make -it work?, What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is -CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?, Is there an ISO or ANSI certified -version of Perl?, Where can I get information on Perl?, What are the Perl -newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?, Where should I post -source code?, Perl Books, Perl in Magazines, Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW -Access, What mailing lists are there for perl?, Archives of -comp.lang.perl.misc, Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?, Where -do I send bug reports?, What is perl.com?, L: Programming Tools, -How do I do (anything)?, How can I use Perl interactively?, Is there a Perl -shell?, How do I debug my Perl programs?, How do I profile my Perl -programs?, How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?, Is there a -pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?, Is there a ctags for Perl?, Is there -an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?, Where can I get Perl macros for vi?, Where -can I get perl-mode for emacs?, How can I use curses with Perl?, How can I -use X or Tk with Perl?, How can I generate simple menus without using CGI -or Tk?, What is undump?, How can I make my Perl program run faster?, How -can I make my Perl program take less memory?, Is it unsafe to return a -pointer to local data?, How can I free an array or hash so my program -shrinks?, How can I make my CGI script more efficient?, How can I hide the -source for my Perl program?, How can I compile my Perl program into byte -code or C?, How can I compile Perl into Java?, How can I get C<#!perl> to -work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?, Can I write useful perl programs on the command -line?, Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?, Where can -I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?, Where can I learn about -object-oriented Perl programming?, Where can I learn about linking C with -Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp], I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't -embed perl inmy C program, what am I doing wrong?, When I tried to run my -script, I got this message. What does itmean?, What's MakeMaker?, -L: Data Manipulation, Why am I getting long decimals (eg, -19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?, -Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?, Does Perl have a round() -function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?, How do I -convert bits into ints?, Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?, How do I -multiply matrices?, How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?, -How can I output Roman numerals?, Why aren't my random numbers random?, How -do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?, How do I find the current -century or millennium?, How can I compare two dates and find the -difference?, How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?, How -can I find the Julian Day?, How do I find yesterday's date?, Does Perl have -a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?, How do I validate input?, How -do I unescape a string?, How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?, -How do I expand function calls in a string?, How do I find matching/nesting -anything?, How do I reverse a string?, How do I expand tabs in a string?, -How do I reformat a paragraph?, How can I access/change the first N letters -of a string?, How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?, How can I -count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?, How do I -capitalize all the words on one line?, How can I split a [character] -delimited string except when inside[character]? (Comma-separated files), -How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?, How do I -pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?, How do I extract -selected columns from a string?, How do I find the soundex value of a -string?, How can I expand variables in text strings?, What's wrong with -always quoting "$vars"?, Why don't my EEHERE documents work?, What -is the difference between a list and an array?, What is the difference -between $array[1] and @array[1]?, How can I remove duplicate elements from -a list or array?, How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain -element?, How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute -the intersection of two arrays?, How do I test whether two arrays or hashes -are equal?, How do I find the first array element for which a condition is -true?, How do I handle linked lists?, How do I handle circular lists?, How -do I shuffle an array randomly?, How do I process/modify each element of an -array?, How do I select a random element from an array?, How do I permute N -elements of a list?, How do I sort an array by (anything)?, How do I -manipulate arrays of bits?, Why does defined() return true on empty arrays -and hashes?, How do I process an entire hash?, What happens if I add or -remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?, How do I look up a hash -element by value?, How can I know how many entries are in a hash?, How do I -sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?, How can I always keep my -hash sorted?, What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with -hashes?, Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?, How -do I reset an each() operation part-way through?, How can I get the unique -keys from two hashes?, How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM -file?, How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?, -Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?, -How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array -of hashes or arrays?, How can I use a reference as a hash key?, How do I -handle binary data correctly?, How do I determine whether a scalar is a -number/whole/integer/float?, How do I keep persistent data across program -calls?, How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?, How do I -define methods for every class/object?, How do I verify a credit card -checksum?, How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?, -L: Files and Formats, How do I flush/unbuffer an output -filehandle? Why must I do this?, How do I change one line in a file/delete -a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the -beginning of a file?, How do I count the number of lines in a file?, How do -I make a temporary file name?, How can I manipulate fixed-record-length -files?, How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?, -How can I use a filehandle indirectly?, How can I set up a footer format to -be used with write()?, How can I write() into a string?, How can I output -my numbers with commas added?, How can I translate tildes (~) in a -filename?, How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?, Why do -I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use E*E?, Is -there a leak/bug in glob()?, How can I open a file with a leading "E" -or trailing blanks?, How can I reliably rename a file?, How can I lock a -file?, Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?, I still don't get locking. - I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?, How -do I randomly update a binary file?, How do I get a file's timestamp in -perl?, How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?, How do I print to more -than one file at once?, How can I read in an entire file all at once?, How -can I read in a file by paragraphs?, How can I read a single character from -a file? From the keyboard?, How can I tell whether there's a character -waiting on a filehandle?, How do I do a C in perl?, How do I dup() -a filehandle in Perl?, How do I close a file descriptor by number?, Why -can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` -work?, Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?, Why does Perl let me -delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber protected files? Isn't -this a bug in Perl?, How do I select a random line from a file?, Why do I -get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?, L: Regexps, How -can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and -unmaintainable code?, I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. -What's wrong?, How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are -themselves on different lines?, I put a regular expression into $/ but it -didn't work. What's wrong?, How do I substitute case insensitively on the -LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?, How can I make C<\w> match national -character sets?, How can I match a locale-smart version of C?, -How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?, What is C really for?, -How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?, -Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?, What does it -mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?, How do I process -each word on each line?, How can I print out a word-frequency or -line-frequency summary?, How can I do approximate matching?, How do I -efficiently match many regular expressions at once?, Why don't -word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?, Why does using $&, $`, or -$' slow my program down?, What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?, Are -Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?, What's wrong with -using grep or map in a void context?, How can I match strings with -multibyte characters?, How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the -user?, L: General Perl Language Issues, Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE -for the Perl language?, What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how -do I know when to use them?, Do I always/never have to quote my strings or -use semicolons and commas?, How do I skip some return values?, How do I -temporarily block warnings?, What's an extension?, Why do Perl operators -have different precedence than C operators?, How do I declare/create a -structure?, How do I create a module?, How do I create a class?, How can I -tell if a variable is tainted?, What's a closure?, What is variable suicide -and how can I prevent it?, How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, -Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?, How do I create a static variable?, What's -the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between -local() and my()?, How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly -named lexical is in scope?, What's the difference between deep and shallow -binding?, Why doesn't "my($foo) = EFILEE;" work right?, How do I -redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?, What's the difference -between calling a function as &foo and foo()?, How do I create a switch or -case statement?, How can I catch accesses to undefined -variables/functions/methods?, Why can't a method included in this same file -be found?, How can I find out my current package?, How can I comment out a -large block of perl code?, How do I clear a package?, How can I use a -variable as a variable name?, L: System Interaction, How do I -find out which operating system I'm running under?, How come exec() doesn't -return?, How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?, How do I -print something out in color?, How do I read just one key without waiting -for a return key?, How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?, -How do I clear the screen?, How do I get the screen size?, How do I ask the -user for a password?, How do I read and write the serial port?, How do I -decode encrypted password files?, How do I start a process in the -background?, How do I trap control characters/signals?, How do I modify the -shadow password file on a Unix system?, How do I set the time and date?, -How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?, How can I measure time -under a second?, How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception -handling), Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? -What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?, How can I call -my system's unique C functions from Perl?, Where do I get the include files -to do ioctl() or syscall()?, Why do setuid perl scripts complain about -kernel problems?, How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?, Why -can't I get the output of a command with system()?, How can I capture -STDERR from an external command?, Why doesn't open() return an error when a -pipe open fails?, What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?, How -can I call backticks without shell processing?, Why can't my script read -from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?, How can I -convert my shell script to perl?, Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp -session?, How can I write expect in Perl?, Is there a way to hide perl's -command line from programs such as "ps"?, I {changed directory, modified my -environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I -exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?, How do I close -a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?, How do I fork a -daemon process?, How do I make my program run with sh and csh?, How do I -find out if I'm running interactively or not?, How do I timeout a slow -event?, How do I set CPU limits?, How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?, -How do I use an SQL database?, How do I make a system() exit on control-C?, -How do I open a file without blocking?, How do I install a module from -CPAN?, What's the difference between require and use?, How do I keep my own -module/library directory?, How do I add the directory my program lives in -to the module/library search path?, How do I add a directory to my include -path at runtime?, What is socket.ph and where do I get it?, L: -Networking, My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. -(500 Server Error), How can I get better error messages from a CGI -program?, How do I remove HTML from a string?, How do I extract URLs?, How -do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on -another machine?, How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?, How do I fetch an -HTML file?, How do I automate an HTML form submission?, How do I decode or -create those %-encodings on the web?, How do I redirect to another page?, -How do I put a password on my web pages?, How do I edit my .htpasswd and -.htgroup files with Perl?, How do I make sure users can't enter values into -a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?, How do I parse a mail -header?, How do I decode a CGI form?, How do I check a valid mail address?, -How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?, How do I return the user's mail -address?, How do I send mail?, How do I read mail?, How do I find out my -hostname/domainname/IP address?, How do I fetch a news article or the -active newsgroups?, How do I fetch/put an FTP file?, How can I do RPC in -Perl? - -=over +=over 4 -=item Where to get this document +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How to contribute to this document +=over 4 -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. -=back +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=item Credits +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=item Author and Copyright Information +=item L: Programming Tools -=over +=item L: Data Manipulation -=item Bundled Distributions +=item L: Files and Formats -=item Disclaimer +=item L: Regexps -=back +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -=item Changes +=item L: System Interaction -23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, -25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item L: Networking =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) - -=over +=item About the perlfaq documents -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=over +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item What is Perl? +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors -=item Which version of Perl should I use? +=back -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=item Credits -=item What is perl6? +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item How stable is Perl? +=over 4 -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +=item Bundled Distributions -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +=item Disclaimer -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +=back -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=item Changes -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, +24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, +Initial Release: 11/March/97 -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=back -=item What is a JAPH? +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +=over 4 -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)? +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, -$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Declarations -=over +=item Simple statements -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? +=item Compound statements -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? +=item Loop Control -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? +=item For Loops -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. +=item Foreach Loops -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +=item Goto -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation -=item Where can I get information on Perl? +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? +=back -=item Where should I post source code? +=back -=item Perl Books +=head2 perldata - Perl data types -References, Tutorials - *Learning Perl [2nd edition] - by Randal L. Schwartz and Tom Christiansen - with foreword by Larry Wall, Task-Oriented, Special Topics +=over 4 -=item Perl in Magazines +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access +=over 4 -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? +=item Variable names -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc +=item Context -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? +=item Scalar values -=item Where do I send bug reports? +=item Scalar value constructors -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? +=item List value constructors -=back +=item Slices -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles =back -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence -=over +=over 4 -=item How do I do (anything)? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How can I use Perl interactively? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Is there a Perl shell? +=over 4 -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? +=item The Arrow Operator -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? +=item Exponentiation -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? +=item Symbolic Unary Operators -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +=item Binding Operators -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? +=item Multiplicative Operators -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? +=item Additive Operators -=item How can I use curses with Perl? +=item Shift Operators -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? +=item Named Unary Operators -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? +=item Relational Operators -=item What is undump? +=item Equality Operators -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? +=item Bitwise And -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? +=item C-style Logical And -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? +=item C-style Logical Or -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? +=item Range Operators -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? +=item Conditional Operator -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? +=item Assignment Operators -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? +=item Comma Operator -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? +=item List Operators (Rightward) -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? +=item Logical Not -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? +=item Logical And -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? +=item Logical or and Exclusive Or -=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? +=item C Operators Missing From Perl -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program, what am I doing wrong? +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it -mean? +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators -=item What's MakeMaker? +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds -=back +=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, +C<<<'EOF'>, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, +C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, +C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions -=back +=item I/O Operators -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -20:37:49 $) +=item Constant Folding -=over +=item Bitwise String Operators -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Integer Arithmetic -=item Data: Numbers +=item Floating-point Arithmetic -=over +=item Bigger Numbers -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? +=back -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? +=back -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines -=item How do I convert bits into ints? +=over 4 -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I multiply matrices? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? +=over 4 -=item How can I output Roman numerals? +=item Private Variables via my() -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? +=item Persistent Private Variables -=back +=item Temporary Values via local() -=item Data: Dates +=item Lvalue subroutines -=over +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? +=item When to Still Use local() -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? +=item Pass by Reference -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? +=item Prototypes -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? +=item Constant Functions -=item How can I find the Julian Day? +=item Overriding Built-in Functions -=item How do I find yesterday's date? +=item Autoloading -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? +=item Subroutine Attributes =back -=item Data: Strings - -=over - -=item How do I validate input? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I unescape a string? +=back -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? +=over 4 -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I reverse a string? +=over 4 -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? +=item Perl Functions by Category -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? +=item Portability -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? +I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, +bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, +chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, +mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, +msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : +ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open +FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, +open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR +: ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe +READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE +LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, +LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, +qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, +rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, +recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename +OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, +return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex +STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar +EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select +FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl +ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort +BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice +ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf +FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, +use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, +values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn +LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? + +=item The Solution + +=item Syntax + +=over 4 + +=item Making References + +=item Using References + +=back + +=item An Example + +=item Arrow Rule + +=item Solution + +=item The Rest + +=item Summary + +=item Credits + +=over 4 + +=item Distribution Conditions + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs + +=item REFERENCES + +=item COMMON MISTAKES + +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE + +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C + +=item DEBUGGING + +=item CODE EXAMPLES + +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS + +=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS + +=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS + +=back + +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS + +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS + +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS + +=back + +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES + +=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES + +=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES + +=back + +=item HASHES OF HASHES + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES + +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES + +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES + +=back + +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS + +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS + +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS + +=back + +=item Database Ties + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item The Guide + +=over 4 + +=item Simple word matching + +=item Using character classes + +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item More matching + +=item Search and replace + +=item The split operator + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Verbatim Paragraph + +=item Command Paragraph + +=item Ordinary Block of Text + +=item The Intent + +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules + +=item Common Pod Pitfalls + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Awk Traps + +=item C Traps + +=item Sed Traps + +=item Shell Traps + +=item Perl Traps + +=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps + +Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical +Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, +Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, +Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps + +=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps + +Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, +Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, +Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance + +=item Parsing Traps + +Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing + +=item Numerical Traps + +Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops + +=item General data type traps + +(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), +(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) + +=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts + +(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) + +=item Precedence Traps + +Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, +Precedence + +=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. + +Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular +Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, +Regular Expression + +=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps + +(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle + +=item OS Traps + +(SysV), (SysV) + +=item Interpolation Traps + +Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, +Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation + +=item DBM Traps + +DBM, DBM + +=item Unclassified Traps + +C/C trap using returned value, C on empty string with +LIMIT specified + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems + +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS + +=item Location of Perl + +=item Command Switches + +B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, +B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, +B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], +B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, +B<-x> I + +=back + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL +(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, +PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) + +=back + +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings + +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> + +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line + +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> + +=item Backward Compatibility + +=item Category Hierarchy + +=item Fatal Warnings + +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module + +=back + +=item TODO + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item use strict + +=item Looking at data and -w and w + +=item help + +=item Stepping through code + +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T + +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS + +=item OUTPUT TIPS + +=item CGI + +=item GUIs + +=item SUMMARY + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item CONTRIBUTORS + +=back + +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item The Perl Debugger + +=over 4 + +=item Debugger Commands + +h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n +[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, +-, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, +b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname +[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] +command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O +option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> +command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! +cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage] + +=item Configurable Options + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C + +=item Debugger input/output + +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing + +=item Debugging compile-time statements + +=item Debugger Customization + +=item Readline Support + +=item Editor Support for Debugging + +=item The Perl Profiler + +=back + +=item Debugging regular expressions + +=item Debugging memory usage + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Predefined Names + +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, +input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE +EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE +EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", +$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE +EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as +C, C<$&> is the same as C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same +as C, C<$2> is the same as +C, C<$3> is the same as C, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, +format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, +$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, +$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, +$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, +$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, +$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, +$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, +$OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, +$BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, +${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, +%INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} + +=item Error Indicators + +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays + +=item Growing Your Own + +=item Access and Printing + +=item Slices + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Open E la shell + +=over 4 + +=item Simple Opens + +=item Pipe Opens + +=item The Minus File + +=item Mixing Reads and Writes + +=item Filters + +=back + +=item Open E la C + +=over 4 + +=item Permissions E la mode + +=back + +=item Obscure Open Tricks + +=over 4 + +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) + +=item Dispelling the Dweomer + +=item Paths as Opens + +=item Single Argument Open + +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT + +=back + +=item Other I/O Issues + +=over 4 + +=item Opening Non-File Files + +=item Binary Files + +=item File Locking + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Part 1: The basics + +=over 4 + +=item Simple word matching + +=item Using character classes + +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item Building a regexp + +=item Using regular expressions in Perl + +=back + +=item Part 2: Power tools + +=over 4 + +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes + +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions + +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression + +=item Non-capturing groupings + +=item Looking ahead and looking behind + +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking + +=item Conditional expressions + +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression + +=item Pragmas and debugging + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +i, m, s, x + +=over 4 + +=item Regular Expressions + +cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit + +=item Extended Patterns + +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> + +=item Backtracking + +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions + +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 + +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring + +=item Combining pieces together + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> + +=item Creating custom RE engines + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures + +=over 4 + +=item NOTE + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Making References + +=item Using References + +=item Symbolic references + +=item Not-so-symbolic references + +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash + +=item Function Templates + +=back + +=item WARNING + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlform - Perl formats + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Format Variables + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Footers + +=item Accessing Formatting Internals + +=back + +=item WARNINGS + +=back + +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item If we could talk to the animals... + +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow + +=item Invoking a barnyard + +=item The extra parameter of method invocation + +=item Calling a second method to simplify things + +=item Inheriting the windpipes + +=item A few notes about @ISA + +=item Overriding the methods + +=item Starting the search from a different place + +=item The SUPER way of doing things + +=item Where we're at so far... + +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? + +=item Invoking an instance method + +=item Accessing the instance data + +=item How to build a horse + +=item Inheriting the constructor + +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances + +=item Adding parameters to a method + +=item More interesting instances + +=item A horse of a different color + +=item Summary + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Creating a Class + +=over 4 + +=item Object Representation + +=item Class Interface + +=item Constructors and Instance Methods + +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors + +=item Destructors + +=item Other Object Methods + +=back + +=item Class Data + +=over 4 + +=item Accessing Class Data + +=item Debugging Methods + +=item Class Destructors + +=item Documenting the Interface + +=back + +=item Aggregation + +=item Inheritance + +=over 4 + +=item Overridden Methods + +=item Multiple Inheritance + +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects + +=back + +=item Alternate Object Representations + +=over 4 + +=item Arrays as Objects + +=item Closures as Objects + +=back + +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods + +=over 4 + +=item Autoloaded Data Methods + +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods + +=back + +=item Metaclassical Tools + +=over 4 + +=item Class::Struct + +=item Data Members as Variables + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Object Terminology + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Class Data in a Can + +=item Class Data as Package Variables + +=over 4 + +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket + +=item Inheritance Concerns + +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object + +=item Indirect References to Class Data + +=item Monadic Classes + +=item Translucent Attributes + +=back + +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables + +=over 4 + +=item Privacy and Responsibility + +=item File-Scoped Lexicals + +=item More Inheritance Concerns + +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key + +=item Translucency Revisited + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item An Object is Simply a Reference + +=item A Class is Simply a Package + +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine + +=item Method Invocation + +=item Indirect Object Syntax + +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods + +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) + +=item Destructors + +=item Summary + +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OO SCALING TIPS + +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES + +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES + +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE + +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS + +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS + +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM + +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE + +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT + +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR + +=item DELEGATION + +=back + +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Tying Scalars + +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this + +=item Tying Arrays + +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this + +=item Tying Hashes + +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this + +=item Tying FileHandles + +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this + +=item UNTIE this + +=item The C Gotcha + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Signals + +=item Named Pipes + +=over 4 + +=item WARNING + +=back + +=item Using open() for IPC + +=over 4 + +=item Filehandles + +=item Background Processes + +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent + +=item Safe Pipe Opens + +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process + +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself + +=back + +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication + +=over 4 + +=item Internet Line Terminators + +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers + +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers + +=back + +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket + +=over 4 + +=item A Simple Client + +C, C, C + +=item A Webget Client + +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket + +=back + +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket + +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse + +=item UDP: Message Passing + +=item SysV IPC + +=item NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes + +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets + +=item Resource limits + +=item Killing the parent process + +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes + +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS + +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Storing numbers + +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions + +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations + +Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, +C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? + +=item Threaded Program Models + +=over 4 + +=item Boss/Worker + +=item Work Crew + +=item Pipeline + +=back + +=item Native threads + +=item What kind of threads are perl threads? + +=item Threadsafe Modules + +=item Thread Basics + +=over 4 + +=item Basic Thread Support + +=item Creating Threads + +=item Giving up control + +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit + +=item Errors In Threads + +=item Ignoring A Thread + +=back + +=item Threads And Data + +=over 4 + +=item Shared And Unshared Data + +=item Thread Pitfall: Races + +=item Controlling access: lock() + +=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks + +=item Queues: Passing Data Around + +=back + +=item Threads And Code + +=over 4 + +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access + +Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores + +=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines + +=item Subroutine Locks + +=item Methods + +=item Locking A Subroutine + +=back + +=item General Thread Utility Routines + +=over 4 + +=item What Thread Am I In? + +=item Thread IDs + +=item Are These Threads The Same? + +=item What Threads Are Running? + +=back + +=item A Complete Example + +=item Conclusion + +=item Bibliography + +=over 4 + +=item Introductory Texts + +=item OS-Related References + +=item Other References + +=back + +=item Acknowledgements + +=item AUTHOR + +=item Copyrights + +=back + +=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I +portable + +=item ISSUES + +=over 4 + +=item Newlines + +=item Numbers endianness and Width + +=item Files and Filesystems + +=item System Interaction + +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) + +=item External Subroutines (XS) + +=item Standard Modules + +=item Time and Date + +=item Character sets and character encoding + +=item Internationalisation + +=item System Resources + +=item Security + +=item Style + +=back + +=item CPAN Testers + +Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: +http://testers.cpan.org/ + +=item PLATFORMS + +=over 4 + +=item Unix + +=item DOS and Derivatives + +=item S + +=item VMS + +=item VOS + +=item EBCDIC Platforms + +=item Acorn RISC OS + +=item Other perls + +=back + +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions + +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode +FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt +PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec +LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, +getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, +getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, +getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, +setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, +setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, +endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, +ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, +lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, +msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, +open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, +select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, +setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, +wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS + +=back + +=item CHANGES + +v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, +v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 +May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February +1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September +1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, +v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 + +=item Supported Platforms + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS + +=item VERSION + +=back + +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES + +=item USING LOCALES + +=over 4 + +=item The use locale pragma + +=item The setlocale function + +=item Finding locales + +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS + +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems + +=item Permanently fixing locale problems + +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration + +=item Fixing system locale configuration + +=item The localeconv function + +=item I18N::Langinfo + +=back + +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES + +=over 4 + +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation + +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types + +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting + +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts + +=item LC_TIME + +=item Other categories + +=back + +=item SECURITY + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Backward compatibility + +=item I18N:Collate obsolete + +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts + +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC + +=item Freely available locale definitions + +=item I18n and l10n + +=item An imperfect standard + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=over 4 + +=item Broken systems + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Important Caveats + +Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed +to enable a few features + +=item Byte and Character semantics + +=item Effects of character semantics + +=item Scripts + +=item Blocks + +=item Character encodings for input and output + +=back + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS + +=over 4 + +=item ASCII + +=item ISO 8859 + +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) + +=item EBCDIC + +=item 13 variant characters + +=item 0037 + +=item 1047 + +=item POSIX-BC + +=item Unicode and UTF + +=back + +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES + +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 + +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS + +=item CONVERSIONS + +=over 4 + +=item tr/// + +=item iconv + +=item C RTL + +=back + +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES + +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES + +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() + +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES + +=item SOCKETS + +=item SORTING + +=over 4 + +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. + +=item MONO CASE then sort data. + +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. + +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. + +=back + +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS + +=over 4 + +=item URL decoding and encoding + +=item uu encoding and decoding + +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding + +=item Caesarian ciphers + +=back + +=item Hashing order and checksums + +=item I18N AND L10N + +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS + +=item OS ISSUES + +=over 4 + +=item OS/400 + +IFS access + +=item OS/390, z/OS + +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales + +=item VM/ESA? + +=item POSIX-BC? + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item REFERENCES + +=item HISTORY + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlsec - Perl security + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data + +=item Switches On the "#!" Line + +=item Cleaning Up Your Path + +=item Security Bugs + +=item Protecting Your Programs + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Packages + +=item Symbol Tables + +=item Package Constructors and Destructors + +=item Perl Classes + +=item Perl Modules + +=item Making your module threadsafe + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY + +=over 4 + +=item Pragmatic Modules + +attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, +diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload, +re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings, warnings::register + +=item Standard Modules + +AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, +B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, +B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, +B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, +CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, +CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, +Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, +Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, +Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, +ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, +ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, +ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, +ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, +ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, +File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, +File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, +File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, +File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, +Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, +I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, +Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, +Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, +Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, +Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, +Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, +Memoize::Saves, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, +Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, +Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, +Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, +Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, +Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, +Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, +Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, +Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, +Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Test::More, +Test::Simple, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, +Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, +Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, Tie::Array, +Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, +Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, UnicodeCD, +User::grent, User::pwent, Win32 + +=item Extension Modules + +=back + +=item CPAN + +=over 4 + +=item Africa + +=item Asia + +=item Central America + +=item Europe + +=item North America + +=item Oceania + +=item South America + +=back + +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse + +=over 4 + +=item Guidelines for Module Creation + +Adding a Copyright Notice + +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules + +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code + +=back + +=item NOTE + +=back + +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PREAMBLE + +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module + +=back + +=item PORTABILITY + +=item HEY + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Warning + +=item What should I make into a module? + +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground + +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again + +=item Step-by-step: Making the module + +Start with F, Use L and L, Use +L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README + +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module + +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date: +1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item What is Perl? + +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? + +=item Which version of Perl should I use? + +=item What are perl4 and perl5? + +=item What is perl6? + +=item How stable is Perl? + +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? + +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? + +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? + +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? + +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? + +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? + +=item What is a JAPH? + +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? + +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $, +$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? + +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? + +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? + +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. + +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? + +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? + +=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? + +=item Where can I get information on Perl? + +=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? + +=item Where should I post source code? + +=item Perl Books + +References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics + +=item Perl in Magazines + +=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access + +=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? + +=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc + +=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? + +=item Where do I send bug reports? + +=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 +16:08:30 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item How do I do (anything)? + +=item How can I use Perl interactively? + +=item Is there a Perl shell? + +=item How do I debug my Perl programs? + +=item How do I profile my Perl programs? + +=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? + +=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? + +=item Is there a ctags for Perl? + +=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? + +Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, +CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha + +=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? + +=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? + +=item How can I use curses with Perl? + +=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? + +=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? + +=item What is undump? + +=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? + +=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? + +=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? + +=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? + +=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? + +=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? + +=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? + +=item How can I compile Perl into Java? + +=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? + +=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? + +=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? + +=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? + +=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? + +=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] + +=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in +my C program; what am I doing wrong? + +=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it +mean? + +=item What's MakeMaker? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 +20:37:49 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Data: Numbers + +=over 4 + +=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the +numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? + +=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? + +=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? +Trig functions? + +=item How do I convert bits into ints? + +=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? + +=item How do I multiply matrices? + +=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? + +=item How can I output Roman numerals? + +=item Why aren't my random numbers random? + +=back + +=item Data: Dates + +=over 4 + +=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? + +=item How do I find the current century or millennium? + +=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? + +=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? + +=item How can I find the Julian Day? + +=item How do I find yesterday's date? + +=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? + +=back + +=item Data: Strings + +=over 4 + +=item How do I validate input? + +=item How do I unescape a string? + +=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? + +=item How do I expand function calls in a string? + +=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? + +=item How do I reverse a string? + +=item How do I expand tabs in a string? + +=item How do I reformat a paragraph? + +=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? + +=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? + +=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a +string? + +=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? + +=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside +[character]? (Comma-separated files) + +=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? + +=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? + +=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? + +=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? + +=item How can I expand variables in text strings? + +=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? + +=item Why don't my <? + +=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? + +=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? + +=item How can I reliably rename a file? + +=item How can I lock a file? + +=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? + +=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in +the file. How can I do this? + +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? + +=item How do I randomly update a binary file? + +=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? + +=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? + +=item How do I print to more than one file at once? + +=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? + +=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? + +=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? + +=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? + +=item How do I do a C in perl? + +=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? + +=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? + +=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't +`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? + +=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? + +=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber +protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? + +=item How do I select a random line from a file? + +=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible +and unmaintainable code? + +Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters + +=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? + +=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on +different lines? + +=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? + +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving +case on the RHS? + +=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? + +=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? + +=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? + +=item What is C really for? + +=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a +file? + +=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? + +=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? + +=item How do I process each word on each line? + +=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? + +=item How can I do approximate matching? + +=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? + +=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? + +=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? + +=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? + +=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? + +=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? + +=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? + +=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: +1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? + +=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to +use them? + +=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and +commas? + +=item How do I skip some return values? + +=item How do I temporarily block warnings? + +=item What's an extension? + +=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? + +=item How do I declare/create a structure? + +=item How do I create a module? + +=item How do I create a class? + +=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? + +=item What's a closure? + +=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? + +=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, +Regex}? + +Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, +Passing Methods + +=item How do I create a static variable? + +=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? +Between local() and my()? + +=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical +is in scope? + +=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? + +=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? + +=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? + +=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? + +=item How do I create a switch or case statement? + +=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? + +=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? + +=item How can I find out my current package? + +=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? + +=item How do I clear a package? + +=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 +18:37:57 $) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? + +=item How come exec() doesn't return? + +=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? + +Keyboard, Screen, Mouse + +=item How do I print something out in color? + +=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? + +=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? + +=item How do I clear the screen? + +=item How do I get the screen size? + +=item How do I ask the user for a password? + +=item How do I read and write the serial port? + +lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input + +=item How do I decode encrypted password files? + +=item How do I start a process in the background? + +STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies + +=item How do I trap control characters/signals? + +=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? + +=item How do I set the time and date? + +=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? + +=item How can I measure time under a second? + +=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) + +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? + +=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? + +=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? + +=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? + +=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? + +=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? + +=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? + +=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? + +=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? + +=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? + +=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, +^Z on MS-DOS)? + +=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? + +=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? + +=item How can I write expect in Perl? + +=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as +"ps"? + +=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How +come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my +changes to be visible? + +Unix + +=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to +complete? + +=item How do I fork a daemon process? + +=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? + +=item How do I timeout a slow event? + +=item How do I set CPU limits? + +=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? + +=item How do I use an SQL database? + +=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? + +=item How do I open a file without blocking? + +=item How do I install a module from CPAN? + +=item What's the difference between require and use? + +=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? + +=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library +search path? + +=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? + +=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 +$) + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +Server Error) + +=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? + +=item How do I remove HTML from a string? + +=item How do I extract URLs? + +=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a +file on another machine? + +=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? + +=item How do I fetch an HTML file? + +=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? + +=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? + +=item How do I redirect to another page? + +=item How do I put a password on my web pages? + +=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? + +=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my +CGI script to do bad things? + +=item How do I parse a mail header? + +=item How do I decode a CGI form? + +=item How do I check a valid mail address? + +=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? + +=item How do I return the user's mail address? + +=item How do I send mail? + +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? + +=item How do I read mail? + +=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? + +=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? + +=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? + +=item How can I do RPC in Perl? + +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Layout + +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref + +=back + +=item Using The Back Ends + +=over 4 + +=item The Cross Referencing Back End + +i, &, s, r + +=item The Decompiling Back End + +=item The Lint Back End + +=item The Simple C Back End + +=item The Bytecode Back End + +=item The Optimized C Back End + +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, +B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref + +=back + +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PREAMBLE + +B, B, B, B, B + +=item ROADMAP + +=item Compiling your C program + +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program + +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program + +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program + +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program + +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program + +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter + +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances + +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program + +=back + +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 + +=item MORAL + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Debugger Internals + +=over 4 + +=item Writing Your Own Debugger + +=back + +=item Frame Listing Output Examples + +=item Debugging regular expressions + +=over 4 + +=item Compile-time output + +C I C I, C I C +I, C, C, C +I, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item Types of nodes + +=item Run-time output + +=back + +=item Debugging Perl memory usage + +=over 4 + +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> + +C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C + +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch + +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> + +=item B<-DL> details + +C, C, C + +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SPECIAL NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item make + +=item Version caveat + +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading + +=back + +=item TUTORIAL + +=over 4 + +=item EXAMPLE 1 + +=item EXAMPLE 2 + +=item What has gone on? + +=item Writing good test scripts + +=item EXAMPLE 3 + +=item What's new here? + +=item Input and Output Parameters + +=item The XSUBPP Program + +=item The TYPEMAP file + +=item Warning about Output Arguments + +=item EXAMPLE 4 + +=item What has happened here? + +=item Anatomy of .xs file + +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs + +=item More about XSUB arguments + +=item The Argument Stack + +=item Extending your Extension + +=item Documenting your Extension + +=item Installing your Extension + +=item EXAMPLE 5 + +=item New Things in this Example + +=item EXAMPLE 6 + +=item New Things in this Example + +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) + +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) + +=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) + +=item Troubleshooting these Examples + +=back + +=item See also + +=item Author + +=over 4 + +=item Last Changed + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Introduction + +=item On The Road + +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB + +=item The Argument Stack + +=item The RETVAL Variable + +=item The MODULE Keyword + +=item The PACKAGE Keyword + +=item The PREFIX Keyword + +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword + +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword + +=item The CODE: Keyword + +=item The INIT: Keyword + +=item The NO_INIT Keyword + +=item Initializing Function Parameters + +=item Default Parameter Values + +=item The PREINIT: Keyword + +=item The SCOPE: Keyword + +=item The INPUT: Keyword + +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords + +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists + +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword + +=item The PPCODE: Keyword + +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists + +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword + +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword + +=item The POSTCALL: Keyword + +=item The BOOT: Keyword + +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword + +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword + +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword + +=item The ALIAS: Keyword + +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword + +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword + +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword + +=item The CASE: Keyword + +=item The & Unary Operator + +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives + +=item Using XS With C++ + +=item Interface Strategy + +=item Perl Objects And C Structures + +=item The Typemap + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item XS VERSION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Conventions + +C, C

, C, C + +=item File Operations + +=item File Input and Output + +=item File Positioning + +=item Memory Management and String Handling + +=item Character Class Tests + +=item F functions + +=item Miscellaneous functions + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Variables + +=over 4 + +=item Datatypes + +=item What is an "IV"? + +=item Working with SVs + +=item Offsets + +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? + +=item Working with AVs + +=item Working with HVs + +=item Hash API Extensions + +=item References + +=item Blessed References and Class Objects + +=item Creating New Variables + +=item Reference Counts and Mortality + +=item Stashes and Globs + +=item Double-Typed SVs + +=item Magic Variables + +=item Assigning Magic + +=item Magic Virtual Tables + +=item Finding Magic + +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays + +=item Localizing changes + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C + +=back + +=item Subroutines + +=over 4 + +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack + +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs + +=item Memory Allocation + +=item PerlIO + +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack + +=item Scratchpads + +=item Scratchpads and recursion + +=back + +=item Compiled code + +=over 4 + +=item Code tree + +=item Examining the tree + +=item Compile pass 1: check routines + +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding + +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation + +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization + +=item Pluggable runops + +=back + +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions + +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported + +=over 4 + +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT + +=item So what happened to dTHR? + +=item How do I use all this in extensions? + +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? + +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS + +=back + +=item Internal Functions + +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x + +=over 4 + +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs + +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer + +=item Source Documentation + +=back + +=item Unicode Support + +=over 4 + +=item What B Unicode, anyway? + +=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? + +=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? + +=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? + +=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? + +=item Is there anything else I need to know? + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program + +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS + +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv + +=item FLAG VALUES + +=over 4 + +=item G_VOID + +=item G_SCALAR + +=item G_ARRAY + +=item G_DISCARD + +=item G_NOARGS + +=item G_EVAL + +=item G_KEEPERR + +=item Determining the Context + +=back + +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item EXAMPLES + +=over 4 + +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned + +=item Passing Parameters + +=item Returning a Scalar + +=item Returning a list of values + +=item Returning a list in a scalar context + +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list + +=item Using G_EVAL + +=item Using G_KEEPERR + +=item Using call_sv + +=item Using call_argv + +=item Using call_method + +=item Using GIMME_V + +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries + +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information + +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback + +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation + +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item DOCUMENTATION + +L, L and L, +L and L, L, +L, L, L, +L + +=item CONVERTORS + +L, L, L + +=item Administration + +L + +=item Development + +L, L, L and L, +L, L, L + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CONCEPTS + +=item USING FILTERS + +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER + +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C + +B + +=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE + +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL + +=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER + +=item CONCLUSION + +=item REQUIREMENTS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item Copyrights + +=back + +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B, +B + +=over 4 + +=item The Filter + +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. + +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, +call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK, +dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, +fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, getcwd_sv, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, +get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, GvSV, +gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, +gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, +HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, +HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, +hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, +hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, +hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, +isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, ix, LEAVE, load_module, +looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, +mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, +newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, +newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, +Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, +perl_clone, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, +POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, +PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, +SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, +strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, +SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, +SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, +SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, +SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, +SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, +SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, +SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, +SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, +SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, +SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, +SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, +SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool, +sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, +sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, +sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, +sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, +sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec, +sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, +sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, +sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, +sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, +sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, +sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, +sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, +sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, +sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, +sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, +sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, +sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, +sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, +sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, +toUPPER, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, +utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, +uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, +XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, +XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, +XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B + Perl functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, +PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, report_uninit, start_glob, sv_add_arena, +sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item History and Background + +=item Layers vs Disciplines + +=item Data Structures + +1. The functions and attributes of the "layer class", 2. The per-instance +data for a particular handle + +=item Functions and Attributes + +=item Per-instance Data + +=item Layers in action. + +=item Per-instance flag bits + +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS + +=item Methods in Detail + + IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV + (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * +(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t +(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO +*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const +void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t +offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV + (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void + (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, +Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * +(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void + (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); + +=item Core Layers + +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" + +=item Extension Layers + +":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Co-existence with stdio + +B, B, +B, B + +=item "Fast gets" Functions + +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B + +=item Other Functions + +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item To do during 5.6.x + +=over 4 + +=item Support for I/O disciplines + +=item Eliminate need for "use utf8"; + +=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) + +=item Autoload byte.pm + +=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work + +=item Overloadable regex assertions + +=item Unicode collation and normalization + +=item Unicode case mappings + +=item Unicode regular expression character classes + +=item use Thread for iThreads + +=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops + +=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads + +=item Typed lexicals for compiler + +=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 + +=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler + +=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling + +=item Cleaning up exported namespace + +=item Complete signal handling + +=item Out-of-source builds + +=item POSIX realtime support + +=item UNIX98 support + +=item IPv6 Support + +=item Long double conversion + +=item Locales + +=item Thread-safe regexes + +=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals + +=item POSIX Unicode character classes + +=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) + +=item Security audit shipped utilities + +=item Custom opcodes + +=item spawnvp() on Win32 + +=item DLL Versioning + +=item Introduce @( and @) + +=item Floating point handling + +=item IV/UV preservation + +=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser + +=item Automate module testing on CPAN + +=item sendmsg and recvmsg + +=item Rewrite perlre documentation + +=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles + +=item Document Win32 choices + +=item Check new modules + +=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself + +=back + +=item To do at some point + +=over 4 + +=item Remove regular expression recursion + +=item Memory leaks after failed eval + +=item pack "(stuff)*" + +=item bitfields in pack + +=item Cross compilation + +=item Perl preprocessor / macros + +=item Perl lexer in Perl + +=item Using POSIX calls internally + +=item -i rename file when changed + +=item All ARGV input should act like EE + +=item Support for rerunning debugger + +=item Test Suite for the Debugger + +=item my sub foo { } + +=item One-pass global destruction + +=item Rewrite regexp parser + +=item Cache recently used regexps + +=item Re-entrant functions + +=item Cross-compilation support + +=item Bit-shifting bitvectors + +=item debugger pragma + +=item use less pragma + +=item switch structures + +=item Cache eval tree + +=item rcatmaybe + +=item Shrink opcode tables + +=item Optimize away @_ + +=item Prototypes versus indirect objects + +=item Install HMTL + +=item Prototype method calls + +=item Return context prototype declarations + +=item magic_setisa + +=item Garbage collection + +=item IO tutorial + +=item pack/unpack tutorial + +=item Rewrite perldoc + +=item Install .3p manpages + +=item Unicode tutorial + +=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 + +=item Retargetable installation + +=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems + +=item Rename Win32 headers + +=item Finish off lvalue functions + +=item Update sprintf documentation + +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally + +=back + +=item Vague ideas + +=over 4 + +=item ref() in list context + +=item Make tr/// return histogram + +=item Compile to real threaded code + +=item Structured types + +=item Modifiable $1 et al. + +=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. + +=item RPC modules + +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program + +=item Alternative RE syntax module + +=item GUI::Native + +=item foreach(reverse ...) + +=item Constant function cache + +=item Approximate regular expression matching + +=back + +=item Ongoing + +=over 4 + +=item Update guts documentation + +=item Add more tests + +=item Update auxiliary tools + +=back + +=item Recently done things + +=over 4 + +=item Safe signal handling + +=item Tie Modules + +=item gettimeofday + +=item setitimer and getimiter + +=item Testing __DIE__ hook + +=item CPP equivalent in Perl + +=item Explicit switch statements + +=item autocroak + +=item UTF/EBCDIC + +=item UTF Regexes + +=item perlcc to produce executable + +=item END blocks saved in compiled output + +=item Secure temporary file module + +=item Integrate Time::HiRes + +=item Turn Cwd into XS + +=item Mmap for input + +=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion + +=item Add sockatmark support + +=item Mailing list archives + +=item Bug tracking + +=item Integrate MacPerl + +=item Web "nerve center" for Perl + +=item Regular expression tutorial + +=item Debugging Tutorial + +=item Integrate new modules + +=item Integrate profiler + +=item Y2K error detection + +=item Regular expression debugger + +=item POD checker + +=item "Dynamic" lexicals + +=item Cache precompiled modules + +=back + +=item Deprecated Wishes + +=over 4 + +=item Loop control on do{} + +=item Lexically scoped typeglobs + +=item format BOTTOM + +=item report HANDLE + +=item Generalised want()/caller()) + +=item Named prototypes + +=item Built-in globbing + +=item Regression tests for suidperl + +=item Cached hash values + +=item Add compression modules + +=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references + +=item Remove distinction between functions and operators + +=item Make XS easier to use + +=item Make embedding easier to use + +=item man for perl + +=item my $Package::variable + +=item "or" tests defined, not truth + +=item "class"-based lexicals + +=item byteperl + +=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal + +=item Make "use utf8" the default + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the +implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is +the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does +it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is +the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough +documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much +work?, Patches speak louder than words + +=over 4 + +=item Keeping in sync + +rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the +NFS, rsync'ing the patches + +=item Why rsync the source tree + +It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable + +=item Why rsync the patches + +It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start +point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour + +=item Submitting patches + +L, L and L, L, +F, The perl5-porters FAQ + +=item Finding Your Way Around + +Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter + +=item Elements of the interpreter + +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running + +=item Internal Variable Types + +=item Op Trees + +=item Stacks + +Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack + +=item Millions of Macros + +=item Poking at Perl + +=item Using a source-level debugger + +run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, +finish, 'enter', print + +=item Dumping Perl Data Structures + +=item Patching + +=item Patching a core module + +=item Writing a test + +F, F, F, F, F, F, +F, F + +=back + +=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL + +=over 4 + +=item Rational Software's Purify + +=item Purify on Unix + +-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity + +=item Purify on NT + +DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug + +=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree + +=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL + +=item Profiling + +=item Gprof Profiling + +-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z + +=item GCC gcov Profiling + +=item Pixie Profiling + +-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, +-z[ero] + +=item CONCLUSION + +I + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item INTRODUCTION + +=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN + +=over 4 + +=item PUMPKIN? + +=back + +=item THE RECORDS + +=over 4 + +=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES + +=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES + +=back + +=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS + +=back + +=head2 perldelta - what will be new for perl v5.8.0 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Security Vulnerability Closed + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=over 4 + +=item 64-bit platforms and malloc + +=item AIX Dynaloading + +=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS + +=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} + +=item Deprecations + +=back + +=item Core Enhancements + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules and Distributions + +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=item New Documentation + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item New Or Improved Platforms + +=item Generic Improvements + +=back + +=item Selected Bug Fixes + +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +=item Source Code Enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item MAGIC constants + +=item Better commented code + +=item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up + +=item gcc -Wall + +=back + +=item New Tests + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item AIX + +=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery + +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 + +=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configur + +=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item OS/390 + +=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 + +=item Failure of Thread tests + +=item UNICOS + +=item UTS + +=item VMS + +=item Win32 + +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory + +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden + +=item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental + +=back + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Security Vulnerability Closed + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=item Core Enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable + +=item PerlIO is Now The Default + +=item Signals Are Now Safe + +=back + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata + +=back + +=item Performance Enhancements + +=item Utility Changes + +=item New Documentation + +=over 4 + +=item perlclib + +=item perliol + +=item README.aix + +=item README.bs2000 + +=item README.macos + +=item README.mpeix + +=item README.solaris + +=item README.vos + +=item Porting/repository.pod + +=back + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item New Or Improved Platforms + +=item Generic Improvements + +d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, +need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, +d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep + +=back + +=item Selected Bug Fixes + +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +=item Changed Internals + +=item New Tests + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl + +=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item lib/b test 19 + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item sigaction test 13 in VMS + +=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 + +=item Failure of Thread tests + +=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory + +=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=back + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Security Vulnerability Closed + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=item Core Enhancements + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=item New Documentation + +=item Performance Enhancements + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item Generic Improvements + +=back + +=item Selected Bug Fixes + +=over 4 + +=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +=item Changed Internals + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect + +=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform + +=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles + +=item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' + +=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX + +=item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris + +=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 + +=item Storable tests fail in some platforms + +=item Threads Are Still Experimental + +=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental + +=back + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Core Enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency + +=item Lexically scoped warning categories + +=item Unicode and UTF-8 support + +=item Support for interpolating named characters + +=item "our" declarations + +=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals + +=item Improved Perl version numbering system + +=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes + +=item File and directory handles can be autovivified + +=item open() with more than two arguments + +=item 64-bit support + +=item Large file support + +=item Long doubles + +=item "more bits" + +=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines + +=item C allowed + +=item File globbing implemented internally + +=item Support for CHECK blocks + +=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported + +=item Better pseudo-random number generator + +=item Improved C operator + +=item Better worst-case behavior of hashes + +=item pack() format 'Z' supported + +=item pack() format modifier '!' supported + +=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings + +=item Comments in pack() templates + +=item Weak references + +=item Binary numbers supported + +=item Lvalue subroutines + +=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references + +=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues + +=item exists() is supported on subroutine names + +=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements + +=item Pseudo-hashes work better + +=item Automatic flushing of output buffers + +=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations + +=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle + +=item eof() has the same old magic as <> + +=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes + +=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text" + +=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure + +=item Improved diagnostics + +=item Diagnostics follow STDERR + +=item More consistent close-on-exec behavior + +=item syswrite() ease-of-use + +=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators + +=item Bit operators support full native integer width + +=item Improved security features + +=item More functional bareword prototype (*) + +=item C and C may be overridden + +=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character + +=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch + +=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string + +=item Optional Y2K warnings + +=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings + +=back + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item Modules + +attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, +DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, +Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, +File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, +Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, +podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, +pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, +Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters + +=item Pragmata + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=over 4 + +=item dprofpp + +=item find2perl + +=item h2xs + +=item perlcc + +=item perldoc + +=item The Perl Debugger + +=back + +=item Improved Documentation + +perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, +perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, +perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, +perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod + +=item Performance enhancements + +=over 4 + +=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized + +=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables + +=item Faster subroutine calls + +=item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster + +=back + +=item Installation and Configuration Improvements + +=over 4 + +=item -Dusethreads means something different + +=item New Configure flags + +=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring + +=item Long Doubles + +=item -Dusemorebits + +=item -Duselargefiles + +=item installusrbinperl + +=item SOCKS support + +=item C<-A> flag + +=item Enhanced Installation Directories + +=back + +=item Platform specific changes + +=over 4 + +=item Supported platforms + +=item DOS + +=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS) + +=item VMS + +=item Win32 + +=back + +=item Significant bug fixes + +=over 4 + +=item on empty files + +=item C improvements + +=item All compilation errors are true errors + +=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer + +=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent + +=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> + +=item C and AUTOLOAD + +=item C<-bareword> allowed under C + +=item Failures in DESTROY() + +=item Locale bugs fixed + +=item Memory leaks + +=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls + +=item Taint failures under C<-U> + +=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch + +=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles + +=back + +=item New or Changed Diagnostics + +"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet +implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, +/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed +by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape +\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class +passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too +early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s +argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a +subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: +%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled +substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, +Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector +size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", +Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, +Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't +remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't +weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class +syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, +constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, +defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean +"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective +%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for +output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires +explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, +Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: +|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal +number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: +%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid +separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in +subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs +returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing +%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", +No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", +No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time +is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, +panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing +around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, +Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" +instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, +Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, +Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on +zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This +Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL +environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode +'%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized +escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute +list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in +subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of +CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number + +=item New tests + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=over 4 + +=item Perl Source Incompatibilities + +CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, +Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form +C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number +generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C fails on +read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, +Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(), +values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, +Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, +Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword +prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed +on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results + +=item C Source Incompatibilities + +C, C, C + +=item Compatible C Source API Changes + +C is now C + +=item Binary Incompatibilities + +=back + +=item Known Problems + +=over 4 + +=item Thread test failures + +=item EBCDIC platforms not supported + +=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang + +=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure + +=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with +gcc + +=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run + +=item Arrow operator and arrays + +=item Experimental features + +Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The +pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file +globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs: + +=back + +=item Obsolete Diagnostics + +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed +logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as +\@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$" +to mean "${$}" is deprecated + +=item Reporting Bugs + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item About the new versioning system + +=item Incompatible Changes + +=over 4 + +=item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004. + +=item Default installation structure has changed + +=item Perl Source Compatibility + +=item C Source Compatibility + +=item Binary Compatibility + +=item Security fixes may affect compatibility + +=item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004 + +=item Licensing + +=back + +=item Core Changes + +=over 4 + +=item Threads + +=item Compiler + +=item Regular Expressions + +Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression +constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other +improvements, Incompatible changes + +=item Improved malloc() + +=item Quicksort is internally implemented + +=item Reliable signals + +=item Reliable stack pointers + +=item More generous treatment of carriage returns + +=item Memory leaks + +=item Better support for multiple interpreters + +=item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined + +=item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L module + +=item Pseudo-hashes are supported + +=item C is supported + +=item Keywords can be globally overridden + +=item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32 + +=item C optimized + +=item C can be used as implicitly quoted package name + +=item C tests existence of a package + +=item Better locale support + +=item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms + +=item prototype() returns useful results on builtins + +=item Extended support for exception handling + +=item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods + +=item All C format conversions are handled internally + +=item New C keyword + +=item New C keyword + +=item New C operator + +=item C is now a reserved word + +=item Tied arrays are now fully supported + +=item Tied handles support is better + +=item 4th argument to substr + +=item Negative LENGTH argument to splice + +=item Magic lvalues are now more magical + +=item <> now reads in records + +=back + +=item Supported Platforms + +=over 4 + +=item New Platforms + +=item Changes in existing support + +=back + +=item Modules and Pragmata + +=over 4 + +=item New Modules + +B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, +ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, +Thread, attrs, fields, re + +=item Changes in existing modules + +Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, +MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=item Documentation Changes + +=item New Diagnostics + +Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index +while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent +package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check +filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't +goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, +Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber +for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, +Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character +class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in +insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: +Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming +package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such +field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously +large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance +detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized +list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word +"%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed + +=item Obsolete Diagnostics + +Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open +temporary file, regexp too big + +=item Configuration Changes + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004 + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Supported Environments + +=item Core Changes + +=over 4 + +=item List assignment to %ENV works + +=item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error + +=item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003 + +=item $PERL5OPT environment variable + +=item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options + +=item More precise warnings + +=item Deprecated: Inherited C for non-methods + +=item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable + +=item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified + +=item Group vector changeable with C<$)> + +=item Fixed parsing of $$, &$, etc. + +=item Fixed localization of $, $&, etc. + +=item No resetting of $. on implicit close + +=item C may return undef + +=item C determines value of EXPR in scalar context + +=item Changes to tainting checks + +No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No +spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name + +=item New Opcode module and revised Safe module + +=item Embedding improvements + +=item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes + +=item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface + +=item New and changed syntax + +$coderef->(PARAMS) + +=item New and changed builtin constants + +__PACKAGE__ + +=item New and changed builtin variables + +$^E, $^H, $^M + +=item New and changed builtin functions + +delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in +Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module +VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C does not +reset search position on failure, C ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, +nested C closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals + +=item New builtin methods + +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) + +=item TIEHANDLE now supported + +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this +LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this + +=item Malloc enhancements + +-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE + +=item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements + +=back + +=item Support for More Operating Systems + +=over 4 + +=item Win32 + +=item Plan 9 + +=item QNX + +=item AmigaOS + +=back + +=item Pragmata + +use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use +constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish + +=item Modules + +=over 4 + +=item Required Updates + +=item Installation directories + +=item Module information summary + +=item Fcntl + +=item IO + +=item Math::Complex + +=item Math::Trig + +=item DB_File + +=item Net::Ping + +=item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators + +=back + +=item Utility Changes + +=over 4 + +=item pod2html + +Sends converted HTML to standard output + +=item xsubpp + +C XSUBs now default to returning nothing + +=back + +=item C Language API Changes + +C and C, C, Extended API for +manipulating hashes + +=item Documentation Changes + +L, L, L, L, L, +L, L, L + +=item New Diagnostics + +"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is +not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too +large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free +nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, +Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort +subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in +use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant +subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did +not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too +long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: +%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, +internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type +in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once: +possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of +memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible +attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words +with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found +while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>" +option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized +character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$" to mean +"${$}" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), +Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, +Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, +Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too +long, Process terminated by SIG%s + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX + +=item OS level + +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX + +=item The IBM ANSI C Compiler + +=item Using GNU's gcc for building perl + +=item Using Large Files with Perl + +=item Threaded Perl + +=item 64-bit Perl + +=item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS + +B, B + +=item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS + +=item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS + +=back + +=item INSTALLATION + +=item Accessing documentation + +=over 4 + +=item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS + +=item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS + +=item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS + +=back + +=item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS + +=over 4 + +=item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS + +=item Making Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Testing Perl on AmigaOS + +=item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item General Issues with Perl on BeOS + +=item BeOS Release-specific Notes + +R4 x86, R4 PPC + +=item Contact Information + +=back + +=back + +=head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item gzip on BS2000 + +=item bison on BS2000 + +=item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000 + +=item Compiling Perl on BS2000 + +=item Testing Perl on BS2000 + +=item Installing Perl on BS2000 + +=item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000 + +=item Using Perl in "native" BS2000 + +=item Floating point anomalies on BS2000 + +=back + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=over 4 + +=item Mailing list + +=back + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Name + +=item Description + +=item Build + +=over 4 + +=item Tools & SDK + +=item Make + +=back + +=item Acknowledgements + +=item Author + +=back + +=head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN + +=over 4 + +=item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it) + +=item Cygwin Configuration + +C, I, Permissions + +=back + +=item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN + +=over 4 + +=item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin + +=item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin + +C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C), C<-ldb> (C), +C<-lcygipc> (C) + +=item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin + +C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>, +C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles> + +=item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin + +I, Win9x and C, Compiler/Preprocessor defines + +=back + +=item MAKE ON CYGWIN + +=over 4 + +=item Warnings on Cygwin + +=item ld2 on Cygwin + +=back + +=item TEST ON CYGWIN + +=over 4 + +=item File Permissions on Cygwin + +=item Hard Links on Cygwin + +=item Filetime Granularity on Cygwin + +=item Tainting Checks on Cygwin + +=item /etc/group on Cygwin + +=item Script Portability on Cygwin + +Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous + +=back + +=item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN + +=item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN + +Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl +Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts + +=item BUGS ON CYGWIN + +=item AUTHORS + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX + +=over 4 + +=item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX + +=item Threaded Perl on DG/UX + +=item Testing Perl on DG/UX + +=item Installing the built perl on DG/UX + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS + +DJGPP, Pthreads + +=item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS + +=item Building Perl on DOS + +=item Testing Perl on DOS + +=item Installation of Perl on DOS + +=back + +=item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS + +=over 4 + +=item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS + +=item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS + +=item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS + +=item Building XS Modules on DOS + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item INTRODUCTION + +=item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC + +=item STARTING PERL ON EPOC + +=item STOPPING PERL ON EPOC + +=item USING PERL ON EPOC + +=over 4 + +=item I/O Redirection on Epoc + +=item PATH Names on Epoc + +=item Editors on Epoc + +=item Features of Perl on Epoc + +=item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment + +=back + +=item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LAST UPDATE + +=back + +=head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix +(HP-UX) systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX + +=item PA-RISC + +=item PA-RISC 1.0 + +=item PA-RISC 1.1 + +=item PA-RISC 2.0 + +=item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions + +=item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX + +=item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX + +=item The HP ANSI C Compiler + +=item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX + +=item Threaded Perl on HP-UX + +=item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX + +=item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX + +=item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX + +=item perl -P and // and HP-UX + +=item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen +systems + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen + +=item Failures during C on MachTen + +op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? +=item Building external modules on MachTen -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) +=back -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? +=item AUTHOR -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? +=item DATE -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? +=back -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? +=head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic) -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? +=over 4 -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Why don't my EEHERE documents work? +=item DESCRIPTION -1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be -a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of -the tag +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE =back -=item Data: Arrays +=head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT -=over +=over 4 -=item What is the difference between a list and an array? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? +=item Known problems with Perl on MiNT -=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? +=item AUTHOR -a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted:(this assumes all true -values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like -(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any -loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive -integers: +=back -=item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element? +=head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE -=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the -intersection of two arrays? +=over 4 -=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? +=item NOTE -=item How do I handle linked lists? +=item What's New in Perl ffor MPE/iX -=item How do I handle circular lists? +=item Welcome to Perl/iX -=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? +=item System Requirements for Perl/iX -=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? +=item How to Obtain Perl/iX -=item How do I select a random element from an array? +=item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights -=item How do I permute N elements of a list? +README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, +public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe -=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? +=item How to Compile Perl/iX -=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? + 4, 6 -=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? +=item Getting Started with Perl/iX -=back +=item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations -=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) +=item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation -=over +=item Perl/iX To-Do List -=item How do I process an entire hash? +=item Perl/iX Change History -=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over -it? +=item AUTHOR -=item How do I look up a hash element by value? +=item Name -=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? +=item Description -=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? +=item Build -=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? +=over 4 -=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? +=item Tools & SDK -=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? +=item Setup -=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? +Buildtype.bat, SetNWBld.bat, MPKBuild.bat -=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? +=item Make -=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? +=item Interpreter -=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? +=item Extensions -=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create -it? +=back -=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or -array of hashes or arrays? +=item Install -=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? +=item Build new extensions + +=item Known Issues + +=item Acknowledgements + +=item Authors + +=item Date =back -=item Data: Misc +=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT. -=over +=over 4 -=item How do I handle binary data correctly? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? +=back -=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? +=over 4 -=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I define methods for every class/object? +=over 4 -=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? +=item Target -=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? +=item Other OSes + +=item Prerequisites + +EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh + +=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...) + +=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Frequently asked questions + +=over 4 + +=item "It does not work" + +=item I cannot run external programs + +=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F from my +program. + +Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use +L? + +=item C<``> and pipe-C do not work under DOS. + +=item Cannot start C =back -=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -16:08:30 $) +=item INSTALLATION -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Automatic binary installation -=over +C, C, F -=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? +=item Manual binary installation -=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a -line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? +Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable +(statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, +Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl +and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, +Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh -=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? +=item B -=item How do I make a temporary file name? +=back -=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? +=item Accessing documentation -=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass -filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? +=over 4 -=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? +=item OS/2 F<.INF> file -=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? +=item Plain text -=item How can I write() into a string? +=item Manpages -=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? +=item HTML -=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? +=item GNU C files -=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? +=item F<.PDF> files -=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use -E*E? +=item C docs -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? +=back -=item How can I open a file with a leading "E" or trailing blanks? +=item BUILD -=item How can I reliably rename a file? +=over 4 -=item How can I lock a file? +=item The short story -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? +=item Prerequisites -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? +=item Getting perl source -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? +=item Application of the patches -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Hand-editing -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Making -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? +=item Testing -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? +A lot of C, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F, +F -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? +=item Installing the built perl -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? +=item C-style build -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? +=back -=item How do I do a C in perl? +=item Build FAQ -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? +=over 4 -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? +=item Some C became C<\> in pdksh. -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? +=item C<'errno'> - unresolved external -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? +=item Problems with tr or sed -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? +=item Some problem (forget which ;-) -=item How do I select a random line from a file? +=item Library ... not found -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? +=item Segfault in make + +=item op/sprintf test failure =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port + +=over 4 + +=item C, C + +=item C + +=item C on the first line + +=item Additional modules: + +=item Prebuilt methods: + +C, C, C, + C, C, +C, C, +C, C, +C, C, +C, +C, C, +OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C, +C, C, +C, C, +OS2::get_control87(), C + +=item Prebuilt variables: + +$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver + +=item Misfeatures + +=item Modifications + +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item Identifying DLLs + +=item Centralized management of resources + +C, C =back -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $) +=item Perl flavors -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item F -=over +=item F -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? +=item F -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters +=item F -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? +=item Why strange names? -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? +=item Why dynamic linking? -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? +=item Why chimera build? -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving -case on the RHS? +=back -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? +=over 4 -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? +=item C -=item What is C really for? +=item C -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? +=item C -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? +=item C -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? +=item C -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item C or C -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? +=back -=item How can I do approximate matching? +=item Evolution -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? +=over 4 -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? +=item Priorities -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? +=item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2 -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? +=item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? +Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C and C, F<.> from +C -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? +=item DLL forwarder generation -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? +=item Threading -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? +=item Calls to external programs + +=item Memory allocation + +=item Threads + +C, F =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: -1999/05/23 20:36:18 $) +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back -=over +=head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? +=item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390 -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? +=item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390 -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? +=item Configure Perl on OS/390 -=item How do I skip some return values? +=item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390 -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? +=item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 -=item What's an extension? +=item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? +=item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 -=item How do I declare/create a structure? +=item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390 -=item How do I create a module? +=item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390 -=item How do I create a class? +=item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390 -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? +=back -=item What's a closure? +=item AUTHORS -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? +=over 4 -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods +=item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390 -=item How do I create a static variable? +=back -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? +=item HISTORY -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? +=back -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? +=head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = EFILEE;" work right? +=over 4 -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? +=over 4 + +=item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4 + +/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make + +=item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4 + +=item QNX auxiliary files + +qnx/ar, qnx/cpp + +=item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6 + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Invoking Perl + +=item What's in Plan 9 Perl -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? +=item What's not in Plan 9 Perl -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? +=item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? +=item Signals in Plan 9 Perl -=item How can I find out my current package? +=back -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? +=item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9 -=item How do I clear a package? +=over 4 -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? +=item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9 =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item BUGS + +=item Revision date + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 -18:37:57 $) +=head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems -=over +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? +=item Solaris Version Numbers. -=item How come exec() doesn't return? +=back -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? +=item RESOURCES -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse +Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation -=item How do I print something out in color? +=item SETTING UP -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? +=over 4 -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? +=item File Extraction Problems on Solaris. -=item How do I clear the screen? +=item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris. -=item How do I get the screen size? +=item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris -=item How do I ask the user for a password? +=back -=item How do I read and write the serial port? +=item RUN CONFIGURE. -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input +=over 4 -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? +=item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris. -=item How do I start a process in the background? +=item Threads in Perl on Solaris. -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies +=item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris. -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? +=back -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? +=item MAKE PROBLEMS. -=item How do I set the time and date? +Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: +relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No +DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? +=item MAKE TEST -=item How can I measure time under a second? +=over 4 -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) +=item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? +=back -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? +=item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS. -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? +=item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS. -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? +=over 4 -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? +=item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris. -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? +=back -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES. -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? +=item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES. -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? +=over 4 -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? +=item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? +=item BSD::Resource on Solaris -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? +=item Net::SSLeay on Solaris -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? +=back -=item How can I write expect in Perl? +=item AUTHOR -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? +=item LAST MODIFIED -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? +=back -Unix +=head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as +Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? +=over 4 -=item How do I fork a daemon process? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I make my program run with sh and csh? +=over 4 -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? +=item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64 -=item How do I timeout a slow event? +=item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64 -=item How do I set CPU limits? +=item Threaded Perl on Tru64 -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? +=item Long Doubles on Tru64 -=item How do I use an SQL database? +=item 64-bit Perl on Tru64 -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? +=item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64 -=item How do I open a file without blocking? +=back -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? +=item Testing Perl on Tru64 -=item What's the difference between require and use? +=item AUTHOR -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? +=back -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? +=head2 perluts - Perl under UTS -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? +=over 4 -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item BUILDING PERL ON UTS + +=item Installing the built perl on UTS + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 -$) +=head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA. + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) +=item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? +=item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? +=item Configure Perl on VM/ESA -=item How do I extract URLs? +=item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? +=item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? +=back -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? +=item AUTHORS -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? +=over 4 -=item How do I redirect to another page? +=item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? +=back -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? +=back -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? +=head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl -=item How do I parse a mail header? +=over 4 -=item How do I decode a CGI form? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I check a valid mail address? +=item Installation -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? +=item Organization of Perl Images -=item How do I return the user's mail address? +=over 4 -=item How do I send mail? +=item Core Images -=item How do I read mail? +=item Perl Extensions -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? +=item Installing static extensions -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? +=item Installing dynamic extensions -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? +=back -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? +=item File specifications -=back +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Syntax -=back +=item Wildcard expansion -=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6 (as of v5.005_64) +=item Pipes -=over +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB -=item Incompatible Changes +=item Command line -=over +=over 4 -=item Perl Source Incompatibilities +=item I/O redirection and backgrounding -CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed +=item Command line switches -=item Perl's version numbering has changed +-i, -S, -u -Literals of the form C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed -pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, -C fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe -and socket handles, Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, -delete(), values() and C<\(%h)> operate on aliases to values, not copies, -vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic -output has changed, C<%@> has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves -like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype C<(*)> have changed +=back -=item On 64-bit platforms the semantics of bit operators have changed +=item Perl functions -=item C Source Incompatibilities +File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, +exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select +(system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime +LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS -C, C, C +=item Perl variables -=item Compatible C Source API Changes +%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $| -C is now C, Support for C++ exceptions +=item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences -=item Binary Incompatibilities +=over 4 + +=item SDBM_File =back -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item Revision date -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item -Dusethreads means something different +=back -=item New Configure flags +=head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS -=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring +=over 4 -=item Long Doubles +=item SYNOPSIS -=item -Dusemorebits +=over 4 -=item -Duselargefiles +=item Stratus POSIX Support -=item installusrbinperl +=back -=item SOCKS support +=item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS -=item C<-A> flag +=over 4 -=item Enhanced Installation Directories +=item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS + +=item Installing Perl 5 on VOS =back -=item Core Changes +=item USING PERL IN VOS -=over +=over 4 -=item Unicode and UTF-8 support +=item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS -=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency +=item Restrictions of Perl on VOS -=item Lexically scoped warning categories +=back -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item SUPPORT STATUS -=item "our" declarations +=item AUTHOR -=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals +=item LAST UPDATE -=item Weak references +=back -=item File globbing implemented internally +=head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32 -=item Binary numbers supported +=over 4 -=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references +=item SYNOPSIS -=item exists() is supported on subroutine names +=item DESCRIPTION -=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements +=over 4 -=item syswrite() ease-of-use +=item Setting Up Perl on Win32 -=item File and directory handles can be autovivified +Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC -=item 64-bit support +=item Building -=item Large file support +=item Testing Perl on Win32 -=item Long doubles +=item Installation of Perl on Win32 -=item "more bits" +=item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32 -=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines +Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, +Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific +Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things -=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators +=back -=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported +=item BUGS AND CAVEATS -=item Improved C operator +=item AUTHORS -=item pack() format 'Z' supported +Gary Ng E71564.1743@CompuServe.COME, Gurusamy Sarathy +Egsar@activestate.comE, Nick Ing-Simmons +Enick@ing-simmons.netE -=item pack() format modifier '!' supported +=item SEE ALSO -=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings +=item HISTORY -=item Comments in pack() templates +=back -=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character +=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION -=item C implicit in subroutine attributes +=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) -=item Regular expression improvements +=over 4 -=item Overloading improvements +=item SYNOPSIS -=item open() with more than two arguments +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Support for interpolating named characters +method, locked -=item Experimental support for user-hooks in @INC +=back -=item C and C may be overridden +=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour -=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch +=over 4 -=item New variable $^V contains Perl version in v5.6.0 format +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Optional Y2K warnings +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item Significant bug fixes +=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes -=over +=over 4 -=item EHANDLEE on empty files +=item SYNOPSIS -=item C improvements +=item DESCRIPTION -=item All compilation errors are true errors +=over 4 -=item Automatic flushing of output buffers +=item Built-in Attributes -=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations +locked, method, lvalue -=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle +=item Available Subroutines -=item eof() has the same old magic as <> +get, reftype -=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure +=item Package-specific Attribute Handling -=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer +FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES -=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}> +=item Syntax of Attribute Lists -=item Pseudo-hashes work better +=back -=item C and AUTOLOAD +=item EXPORTS -=item C<-bareword> allowed under C +=over 4 -=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues +=item Default exports -=item C allowed +=item Available exports -=item Failures in DESTROY() +=item Export tags defined -=item Locale bugs fixed +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Memory leaks +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls +method, locked -=item Consistent numeric conversions +=back -=item Taint failures under C<-U> +=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used -=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch +=over 4 -=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Diagnostics follow STDERR +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Other fixes for better diagnostics +=item WARNING -=back +=item AUTHOR -=item Performance enhancements +=item SEE ALSO -=over +=back -=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized +=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time -=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables +=over 4 -=item Method lookups optimized +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Faster mechanism to invoke XSUBs +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Perl_malloc() improvements +=item HISTORY -=item Faster subroutine calls +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Platform specific changes - -=over +=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package -=item Additional supported platforms +=over 4 -=item DOS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item OS/2 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item VMS +=item BUGS -=item Win32 +=item AUTHOR =back -=item New tests - -=item Modules and Pragmata +=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character +semantics -=over +=over 4 -=item Modules +=item SYNOPSIS -attributes, B, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, -Devel::DProf, Dumpvalue, Benchmark, Devel::Peek, English, -ExtUtils::MakeMaker, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, -File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, -Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, -Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, -podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, -Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Time::Local, Win32, DBM Filters +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Pragmata +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Utility Changes +=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal +escape. -=over +=over 4 -=item h2ph +=item SYNOPSIS -=item perlcc +=item DESCRIPTION -=item h2xs +=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS + +=item BUGS =back -=item Documentation Changes +=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants -perlapi.pod, perlcompile.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, -perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perlboot.pod, perltootc.pod, -perlunicode.pod +=over 4 -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item SYNOPSIS -"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet -implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, -/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed -by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape -\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class -passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too -early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s -argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a -subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: -%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad -evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in -conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 -non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in -prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare -class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore -signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, -Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return -%s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class -[:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character -classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %%^H is not localized, -constant(%s): %s, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is -deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, Did you mean "local" instead of -"our"?, Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] -range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on -closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, -Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value -"%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, -Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer -overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, -invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in -attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute -list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented -yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in -piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package -name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC -offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 -non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: -magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible Y2K bug: -%s, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat -count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is -already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length -expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't -reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements -(%s=%s), Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to -prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated -attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, -Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated -subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version -number must be a constant number +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Obsolete Diagnostics +=item NOTES -Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed -logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Probable precedence problem on %s, -regexp too big, Use of "$$" to mean "${$}" is deprecated +=item TECHNICAL NOTE =item BUGS -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR -=item HISTORY +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning +diagnostics -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Variable names +=item The C Pragma -=item Context +=item The I Program -=item Scalar values +=back -=item Scalar value constructors +=item EXAMPLES -=item List value constructors +=item INTERNALS -=item Slices +=item BUGS -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=item AUTHOR =back +=head2 fields - compile-time class fields + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +new, phash + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Declarations +=item subpragma access -=item Simple statements +=back -=item Compound statements +=back -=item Loop Control +=head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating +point -=item For Loops +=over 4 -=item Foreach Loops +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Goto +=back -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence +=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=item Adding directories to @INC -=item The Arrow Operator +=item Deleting directories from @INC -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item Restoring original @INC -=item Exponentiation +=back -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Binding Operators +=item AUTHOR -=item Multiplicative Operators +=back -=item Additive Operators +=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in +operations -=item Shift Operators +=over 4 -=item Named Unary Operators +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Relational Operators +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Equality Operators +=back -=item Bitwise And +=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=over 4 -=item C-style Logical And +=item SYNOPSIS -=item C-style Logical Or +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Range Operators +=item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY -=item Conditional Operator +=item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS -=item Assignment Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Comma Operator +=back -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling -=item Logical Not +=over 4 -=item Logical And +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=item DESCRIPTION -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +=item SEE ALSO -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=back -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=over 4 -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsUC, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cdsUC +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs +=item DESCRIPTION -Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, -C<<<'EOF'>, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, -C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, -C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=over 4 -=item I/O Operators +=item Declaration of overloaded functions -=item Constant Folding +=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations -=item Bitwise String Operators +FALSE, TRUE, C -=item Strings of Character +=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations -=item Integer Arithmetic +=item Calling Conventions for Mutators -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions -=item Bigger Numbers +=item Overloadable Operations -=back +I, I, I, +I, I, I, I, I, I + +=item Inheritance and overloading + +Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation +is inherited by derived classes =back -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Last Resort -i, m, s, x +=item Fallback -=over +C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE -=item Regular Expressions +=item Copy Constructor -cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +B -=item Extended Patterns +=back -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?E=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<(?Epattern)>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION -=item Backtracking +I, I, +I, C, I, I, +I, I, I, I, +I -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item Losing overloading -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item Run-time Overloading -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item Public functions -=item Combining pieces together +overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<(?ES)>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item Overloading constants + +integer, float, binary, q, qr + +=item IMPLEMENTATION + +=item Metaphor clash + +=item Cookbook -=item Creating custom RE engines +=over 4 -=back +=item Two-face scalars -=item BUGS +=item Two-face references -=item SEE ALSO +=item Symbolic calculator -=back +=item I symbolic calculator -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=back -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item SYNOPSIS +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item DESCRIPTION +Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable +type, `%s' is not a code reference -=over +=item BUGS -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=back -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour -=item Location of Perl +=over 4 -=item Command Switches +=item SYNOPSIS -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, -B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], -B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item OPTIONS -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=over +=item SIGNAL HANDLERS -=item Perl Functions by Category +B, B, B I -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=item SIGNAL LISTS -=item Portability +B, B, B -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item OTHER -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, -chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, -chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, -close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue -BLOCK, cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen -HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, -do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, -eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists -EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno -FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline -PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp -PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, -gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, -getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, -getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport -PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, -getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, -setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, -endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, -goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, -last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, -link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, -lock, log EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK -LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl -ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv -ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no -Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, -our EXPR, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package, package NAMESPACE, pipe -READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE -LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, -LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, -qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, -rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, -recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, -sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, -splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, -sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, -study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr -EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +B, B, I, I =back +=item EXAMPLES + =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Predefined Names +C, C, C -$ARG, $_, $EIE, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, input_line_number -HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE -EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, autoflush HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, -$OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", -$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE -EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @-, C<$`> is the same as C), -C<$&> is the same as C), C<$'> is the -same as C), C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as C), -format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, -$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, -$ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, -$$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, -$GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], -$COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, -$INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, -0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, -$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, -$WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, -$^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +=back -=item Error Indicators +=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item BUGS +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source +code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=over 4 -=item Private Variables via my() +=item Utility functions -=item Persistent Private Variables +$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]), +utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string) -=item Temporary Values via local() +=back -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item SEE ALSO -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=back -=item When to Still Use local() +=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) -1. You need to give a global variable a temporary value, especially $_, 2. -You need to create a local file or directory handle or a local function, 3. -You want to temporarily change just one element of an array or hash +=over 4 -=item Pass by Reference +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Prototypes +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Constant Functions +=back -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings -=item Autoloading +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Attributes +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), +warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), +warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), +warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), +warnings::warnif($object, $message) =back -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function -=over +=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs -=over +=over 4 -=item Packages +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Symbol Tables +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=over 4 -=item Perl Classes +=item DBM Comparisons -=item Perl Modules +[0], [1], [2], [3] =back @@ -1931,1016 +7505,1000 @@ You want to temporarily change just one element of an array or hash =back -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers + +=over 4 + +=item VERSION -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] -=over +=over 4 -=item Pragmatic Modules +=item Typed lexicals -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, caller, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, lib, locale, ops, overload, -re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings +=item Type-specific attribute handlers -=item Standard Modules +=item Non-interpretive attribute handlers -AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, -B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, -CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, -CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, -Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, -Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, -Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Embed, -ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, -ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, -ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, -ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, -File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Glob, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, -File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, -File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, -Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, -IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, -IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Msg, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::Semaphore, -IPC::SysV, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, -Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, -Opcode, POSIX, Pod::Checker, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, -Pod::Parser, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Usage, -SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, -Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, -Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords, -Text::Soundex, Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, -Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, -Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent +=item Phase-specific attribute handlers -=item Extension Modules +=item Attributes as C interfaces =back -=item CPAN - -Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating -System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess -Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces, -User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages, -File Names, File Systems and File Locking (see also File Handles), String -Processing, Language Text Processing, Parsing, and Searching, Option, -Argument, Parameter, and Configuration File Processing, -Internationalization and Locale, Authentication, Security, and Encryption, -World Wide Web, HTML, HTTP, CGI, MIME, Server and Daemon Utilities, -Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing, -and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and -exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities, -Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe, -North America, South America +=item EXAMPLES -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=over +C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=item AUTHOR -Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new -module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select -what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?, -README and other Additional Files, A description of the -module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites -- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to -Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release, -especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in -the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a -version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take -care when changing a released module +=item BUGS -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=item COPYRIGHT -There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications, -Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started, -Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from ' -to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes +=back -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand -Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many -applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the -reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity -to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application' -can then be reduced to a small +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item NOTE +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=item Subroutine Stubs -=over +=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine -=over +=item Package Lexicals -=item PREAMBLE +=item Not Using AutoLoader -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=item B vs. B =back -=item HEY - -=item AUTHOR +=item CAVEATS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation +=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes - -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets - -=item Resource limits +$keep, $check, $modtime -=item Killing the parent process +=over 4 -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item Multiple packages -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=back -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item DIAGNOSTICS =back -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR +=head2 B - The Perl Compiler -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=over +=item SV-RELATED CLASSES -=item Format Variables +=item B::SV METHODS -=back +REFCNT, FLAGS -=item NOTES +=item B::IV METHODS -=over +IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv -=item Footers +=item B::NV METHODS -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +NV, NVX -=back +=item B::RV METHODS -=item WARNINGS +RV -=back +=item B::PV METHODS -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +PV, PVX -=over +=item B::PVMG METHODS -=item DESCRIPTION +MAGIC, SvSTASH -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES +=item B::MAGIC METHODS -=item USING LOCALES +MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR -=over +=item B::PVLV METHODS -=item The use locale pragma +TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG -=item The setlocale function +=item B::BM METHODS -=item Finding locales +USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=item B::GV METHODS -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, +LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=item B::IO METHODS -=item Permanently fixing your locale configuration +LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, +BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item B::AV METHODS -=item The localeconv function +FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS -=back +=item B::CV METHODS -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, +CvFLAGS, const_sv -=over +=item B::HV METHODS -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation +FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item OP-RELATED CLASSES -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=item B::OP METHODS -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private -=item LC_TIME +=item B::UNOP METHOD -=item Other categories +first -=back +=item B::BINOP METHOD -=item SECURITY +last -B (C, C, C, C and C):, -B (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>), -B (C):, B (C):, -B (printf() and write()):, B (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B (localeconv(), strcoll(),strftime(), strxfrm()):, B (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(),isgraph(), -islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(), -isxdigit()): +=item B::LOGOP METHOD -=item ENVIRONMENT +other -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG +=item B::LISTOP METHOD -=item NOTES +children -=over +=item B::PMOP METHODS -=item Backward compatibility +pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +=item B::SVOP METHOD -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +sv, gv -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=item B::PADOP METHOD -=item Freely available locale definitions +padix -=item I18n and l10n +=item B::PVOP METHOD -=item An imperfect standard +pv -=back +=item B::LOOP METHODS -=item BUGS +redoop, nextop, lastop -=over +=item B::COP METHODS -=item Broken systems +label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C -=item HISTORY +main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, +sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), +walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), +ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), +threadsv_names + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate +bytecode -=over +=over 4 -=item NOTE +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item Making References +=back -=item Using References +=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode -=item Symbolic references +=over 4 -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Function Templates +=item AUTHORS =back -=item WARNING +=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Solution +=item OPTIONS -=item Syntax +B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, +B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item Making References +=item BUGS -=item Using References +=item AUTHORS =back -=item An Example +=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend -=item Arrow Rule +=over 4 -=item Solution +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The Rest +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Summary +=item OPTIONS -=item Credits +B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, +B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item Distribution Conditions +=item BUGS -=back +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook +=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +=item OPTIONS -=item REFERENCES +B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, +B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, +B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=item EXAMPLES -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +=item BUGS -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C +=item DIFFERENCES -=item DEBUGGING +=over 4 -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Loops -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +=item Context of ".." -=over +=item Arithmetic -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Deprecated features -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=back -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item AUTHOR =back -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS +=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops -=over +=over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item OPTIONS -=back +B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, +B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, +B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS -=over +B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, +B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, +B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, +B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, +B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, +B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, +B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, +B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> -=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item ABBREVIATIONS -=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=over 4 -=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES +=item OP flags abbreviations + +=item OP class abbreviations =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES +=back -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=back -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Database Ties +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item OPTIONS -=item AUTHOR +B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, +B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I -=back +=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=over 4 -=over +=item Synopsis -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Description -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +=item new -=item Growing Your Own +=item ambient_pragmas -=item Access and Printing +strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits -=item Slices +=item coderef2text -=item SEE ALSO +=back + +=item BUGS =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=back -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint -=item Invoking a barnyard +=over 4 -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS -=item A few notes about @ISA +B, B and B, B, +B, B, B, B, B -=item Overriding the methods +=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS -=item Starting the search from a different place +B<-u Package> -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=item BUGS -=item Where we're at so far... +=item AUTHOR -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=back -=item Invoking an instance method +=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=item Accessing the instance data +=over 4 -=item How to build a horse +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Inheriting the constructor +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item CONVENTIONS -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item IMPLEMENTATION -=item More interesting instances +=item AUTHOR -=item A horse of a different color +=back + +=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files -=item Summary +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item Creating a Class +=item AUTHOR -=over +=back -=item Object Representation +=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded -=item Class Interface +=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=over 4 -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Destructors +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Other Object Methods +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Class Data +=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs -=over +=over 4 -=item Accessing Class Data +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Debugging Methods +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Class Destructors +=item OPTIONS -=item Documenting the Interface +C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> -=back +=item BUGS -=item Aggregation +=item AUTHOR -=item Inheritance +=back -=over +=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks -=item Overridden Methods +=over 4 -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item SYNOPSIS -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Alternate Object Representations +=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code -=over +=over 4 -=item Arrays as Objects +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Closures as Objects +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=item Methods -=over +new, debug, iters -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item Standard Exports -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), +timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( +TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) + +=item Optional Exports + +clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ +STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( +), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) =back -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item NOTES -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item Class::Struct +=item INHERITANCE -=item Data Members as Variables +=item CAVEATS -=item NOTES +=item SEE ALSO -=item Object Terminology +=item AUTHORS + +=item MODIFICATION HISTORY =back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SYNOPSIS -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Acknowledgments +=item AUTHOR -=back +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend -=over +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=item OPTIONS -=over +B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, +B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, +B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=item EXAMPLES -=item Inheritance Concerns +=item BUGS -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +=item AUTHORS -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=back -=item Monadic Classes +=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class -=item Translucent Attributes +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item ABSTRACT -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=over 4 -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=item PROGRAMMING STYLE -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): -=item Translucency Revisited +=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE -=back +=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: -=item NOTES +=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: -=item SEE ALSO +=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: -=item HISTORY +=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: -=back +=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: -=over +=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: -=item DESCRIPTION +=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: -=over +=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: -=item An Object is Simply a Reference +=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, +B<:standard>, B<:all> -=item Method Invocation +=item PRAGMAS -=item WARNING +-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, +-newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, +-private_tempfiles -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a +
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a

    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates +a
tag) -=item Destructors +=back -=item Summary +=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=over 4 -=back +=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: -=item SEE ALSO +=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER -=back +=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +B, 4, 5, 6.. -=over +=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: -=item DESCRIPTION +=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL -=over +B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> -=item Tying Scalars +=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this +=back -=item Tying Arrays +=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -DESTROY this +=over 4 -=item Tying Hashes +=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this +=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS -=item Tying FileHandles +=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, DESTROY this +=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS -=item The C Gotcha +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML + +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); + +=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG -=back +=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +B, B -=over +=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD -=item DESCRIPTION +B -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +B -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item CREATING A POPUP MENU -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +B -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +B -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX -=item DELEGATION +B -=back +=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +B -=over +=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON -=item DESCRIPTION +B -=item Signals +=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON -=item Named Pipes +=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON + +=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON -=over +B -=item WARNING +=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON =back -=item Using open() for IPC +=item HTTP COOKIES -=over +1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> -=item Filehandles +=item WORKING WITH FRAMES -=item Background Processes +1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the +document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in +the
tag -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=item DEBUGGING -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=over 4 -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS =back -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES -=over +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, B -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item USING NPH SCRIPTS -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> +parameters -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item Server Push -=back +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks -=over +B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script +basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> -=item A Simple Client +=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL -C, C, C +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item A Webget Client +=item CREDITS -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor +(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell +(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg +(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick +(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis +(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen +(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim +MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks +(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed +Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug +MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), +...and many many more.. + +=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=over 4 -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SysV IPC +=item ABSTRACT -=item NOTES +=item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or +other) error log -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, -B - -=over - -=item The Filter - -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. - -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES -=back +=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Changing the default message =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging - -=over +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CHANGE LOG -=item The Perl Debugger +=item AUTHORS -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item Debugger Commands +=back -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], ECRE, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l -subname, -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]pattern], -t, t expr, b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, A, W [expr], W, O [opt[=val]] [opt"val"] [opt?].., -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, E [ command ], -EE command, E command, EE command, { [ command ], {{ -command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, -|dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, m package +=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies -=item Debugger input/output +=over 4 -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Listing, Frame listing +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Debugger Customization +=item USING CGI::Cookie -=item Readline Support +B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=over 4 -=item The Perl Profiler +=item Creating New Cookies -=item Debugger support in perl +=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser -=item Debugger Internals +=item Recovering Previous Cookies -=item Other resources +=item Manipulating Cookies -=item BUGS +B, B, B, B, B =back -=item Debugging Perl memory usage - -=over +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=item BUGS -C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C +=item SEE ALSO -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=back -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI -=item B<-DL> details +=over 4 -C, C, C +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistic +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS -=over +=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS -=item Compile-time output +=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS -C I C I, C I C -I, C, C, C -I, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item CAVEATS -=item Types of nodes +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item Run-time output +=item BUGS -=back +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item Storing numbers +=over 4 -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item Tags that won't be formatted -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=item Customizing the Indenting -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=back + +=item BUGS =item AUTHOR @@ -2948,1170 +8506,1321 @@ string =back -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics - -=over +=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item USING CGI::Push -=item DESCRIPTION +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph -=over +=over 4 -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data +=item Heterogeneous Pages -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +=back -=item Security Bugs +=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS -=item Protecting Your Programs +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=back +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary - -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch -=over +=over 4 -=item Awk Traps +=item SYNOPSIS -=item C Traps +=item ABSTRACT -=item Sed Traps +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Shell Traps +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item Perl Traps +=item BUGS -=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps +=item SEE ALSO -Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical -Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, -Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, -Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps +=back -=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module -Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, -Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, -Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance +=over 4 -=item Parsing Traps +=item SYNOPSIS -Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Numerical Traps +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops +=item SEE ALSO -=item General data type traps +=back -(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), -(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide) +=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites -=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts +=over 4 -(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin) +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Precedence Traps +=item DESCRIPTION -Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, -Precedence +=over 4 -=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc. +=item Interactive Mode -Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular -Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, +install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or +distribution, ls author, Signals -=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps +=item CPAN::Shell -(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle +=item autobundle -=item OS Traps +=item recompile -(SysV), (SysV) +=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution -=item Interpolation Traps +=item Programmer's interface + +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples + +=item Methods in the other Classes + +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, -Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation +=item Cache Manager -=item DBM Traps +=item Bundles -DBM, DBM +=item Prerequisites -=item Unclassified Traps +=item Finding packages and VERSION -C/C trap using returned value, C on empty string with -LIMIT specified +=item Debugging -=back +=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode =back -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=item CONFIGURATION -=over +Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE +EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist +optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE +[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item Note on urllist parameter's format -=item ISSUES +=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support -=over +=back -=item Newlines +=item SECURITY -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item EXPORT -=item Files and Filesystems +=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES -=item System Interaction +=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +=over 4 -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=item Three basic types of firewalls -=item Standard Modules +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade -=item Time and Date +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall -=item Character sets and character encoding +=back -=item Internationalisation +=item FAQ -=item System Resources +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) -=item Security +=item BUGS -=item Style +=item AUTHOR -=back +=item TRANSLATIONS -=item CPAN Testers +=item SEE ALSO -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -C +=back -=item PLATFORMS +=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization -=over +=over 4 -=item Unix +=item SYNOPSIS -=item DOS and Derivatives +=item DESCRIPTION -The djgpp environment for DOS, C, The EMX -environment for DOS, OS/2, etc. -C,C or -C, Build instructions for Win32, -L, The ActiveState Pages, C, The -Cygwin environment for Win32; F (installed as -L), C, The U/WIN -environment for Win32,C +=back -=item S +=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS +module -The MacPerl Pages, C, The MacPerl mailing lists, -C, MacPerl Module Porters, -C +=over 4 -=item VMS +=item SYNOPSIS -F (installed as L), L, vmsperl list, -C, vmsperl on the web, -C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item VOS +=item SEE ALSO -F, VOS mailing list, VOS Perl on the web at -C +=back -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) -F, F, F, perl-mvs list, AS/400 -Perl information at Cas well as on CPAN in -the F directory +=over 4 -=item Acorn RISC OS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Other perls +=item DESCRIPTION -Amiga, F (installed as L), Atari, F -and Guido Flohr's web pageC, Be OS, -F, HP 300 MPE/iX, F and Mark Bixby's web -pageC, Novell Netware, Plan 9, -F +=over 4 -=back +=item Forcing a Stack Trace -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=back -=over +=item BUGS -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=back --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown -LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen -HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, -flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, -getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, -getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber -NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, -getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent -STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, -endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, -getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl -FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat -FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd -ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select -RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget -KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair -SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, -symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside -=back +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree -=item CHANGES +=over 4 -v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, -v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April -1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December -1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August -1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item VERSION +=item FUNCTIONS -=back +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) -=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES -=over +=item COPYRIGHT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation +=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=over 4 -=item Command Paragraph +=item The C function -=item Ordinary Block of Text +=item Class Creation at Compile Time -=item The Intent +=item Element Types and Accessor Methods -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or +C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) -=item Common Pod Pitfalls +=item Initializing with C =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR +Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 + +=item Author and Modification History =back -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=item EXAMPLE + +=item WARNING -=over +=item GLOSSARY -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=over +=item _ -=item PREAMBLE +C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> -B, B, B, B, B +=item a -=item ROADMAP +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Compiling your C program +=item b -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=item c -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=item d -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=item e -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=item f -=back +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +=item g -=item MORAL +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=item AUTHOR +=item h -=item COPYRIGHT +C, C, C, C -=back +=item i -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C -=over +=item k -=item SYNOPSIS +C, C -=item DESCRIPTION +=item l -B, B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=over +=item m -=item Co-existence with stdio +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B +=item M -=back +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=back +=item n -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=over +=item o -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=over +=item p -=item Introduction +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item On The Road +=item P -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item The Argument Stack +=item q -=item The RETVAL Variable +C, C -=item The MODULE Keyword +=item r -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=item s -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item The CODE: Keyword +=item t -=item The INIT: Keyword +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=item u -=item Initializing Function Parameters +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item Default Parameter Values +=item v -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=item x -=item The INPUT: Keyword +C, C -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +=item y -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +C, C + +=item z + +C, C + +=back -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +=item NOTE -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=back -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The BOOT: Keyword +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +=item NOTES -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=back -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, +subject to +change) -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The CASE: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The & Unary Operator +=item Global Variables -=item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives + $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, +@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, +$DB::lineno -=item Using XS With C++ +=item API Methods -=item Interface Strategy +CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), +CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +=item Client Callback Methods -=item The Typemap +CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), +CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), +CLIENT->output(LIST) =back -=item EXAMPLES - -=item XS VERSION +=item BUGS =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SPECIAL NOTES +B, B, B -=over +=over 4 -=item make +=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 -=item Version caveat +=item Interface to Berkeley DB -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File + +=item Default Parameters + +=item In Memory Databases =back -=item TUTORIAL +=item DB_HASH -=over +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 1 +=item A Simple Example -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=back -=item What has gone on? +=item DB_BTREE -=item Writing good test scripts +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=item Changing the BTREE sort order -=item What's new here? +=item Handling Duplicate Keys -=item Input and Output Parameters +=item The get_dup() Method -=item The XSUBPP Program +=item The find_dup() Method -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item The del_dup() Method -=item Warning about Output Arguments +=item Matching Partial Keys -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=back -=item What has happened here? +=item DB_RECNO -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=over 4 -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +=item The 'bval' Option -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item A Simple Example -=item The Argument Stack +=item Extra RECNO Methods -=item Extending your Extension +B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> -=item Documenting your Extension +=item Another Example -=item Installing your Extension +=back -=item EXAMPLE 5 +=item THE API INTERFACE -=item New Things in this Example +B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = +$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, +$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, +$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> -=item EXAMPLE 6 (Coming Soon) +=item DBM FILTERS -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +B, B, B, +B -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +=item The Filter -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. + +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=item See also +=item HINTS AND TIPS -=item Author +=over 4 -=over +=item Locking: The Trouble with fd -=item Last Changed +=item Safe ways to lock a database -=back +B, B, B -=back +=item Sharing Databases With C Applications -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API +=item The untie() Gotcha -=over +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COMMON QUESTIONS -=item Variables +=over 4 -=over +=item Why is there Perl source in my database? -=item Datatypes +=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? -=item What is an "IV"? +=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? -=item Working with SVs +=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=back -=item Working with AVs +=item REFERENCES -=item Working with HVs +=item HISTORY -=item Hash API Extensions +=item BUGS -=item References +=item AVAILABILITY -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Creating New Variables +=item SEE ALSO -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=item AUTHOR -=item Stashes and Globs +=back -=item Double-Typed SVs +=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both +printing and C -=item Magic Variables +=over 4 -=item Assigning Magic +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Magic Virtual Tables +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Finding Magic +=over 4 -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +=item Methods -=item Localizing changes +I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I +I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Reset -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item Functions -=back +Dumper(I) -=item Subroutines +=item Configuration Variables or Methods -=over +$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), +$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>) -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack +=item Exports -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs +Dumper -=item Memory Allocation +=back -=item PerlIO +=item EXAMPLES -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +=item BUGS -=item Scratchpads +=item AUTHOR -=item Scratchpads and recursion +=item VERSION + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Compiled code +=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler -=over +=over 4 -=item Code tree +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Examining the tree +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +=item PROFILE FORMAT -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item AUTOLOAD -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported +=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer -=over +=over 4 -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +=over 4 + +=item Memory footprint debugging =back -=item AUTHORS +=item EXAMPLES -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item A simple scalar string -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=item A simple scalar number -=over +=item A simple scalar with an extra reference -=item DESCRIPTION +=item A reference to a simple scalar -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program +=item A reference to an array -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS +=item A reference to a hash -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv +=item Dumping a large array or hash -=item FLAG VALUES +=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer -=over +=item A reference to a subroutine -=item G_VOID +=back -=item G_SCALAR +=item EXPORTS -=item G_ARRAY +=item BUGS -=item G_DISCARD +=item AUTHOR -=item G_NOARGS +=item SEE ALSO -=item G_EVAL +=back -=item G_KEEPERR +=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module -=item Determining the Context +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +=back -=over +=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned +=over 4 -=item Passing Parameters +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Returning a Scalar +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Returning a list of values +I, I, I -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +=item OO INTERFACE -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), +$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest -=item Using G_EVAL +=item SEE ALSO -=item Using G_KEEPERR +=item AUTHOR -=item Using call_sv +=back -=item Using call_argv +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm -=item Using call_method +=over 4 -=item Using GIMME_V +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +=item FUNCTIONS -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +=item METHODS -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest -=back +=item EXAMPLES =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT -=item DATE +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator - -=over +=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Layout +=item DESCRIPTION -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref +=item NOTES =back -=item Using The Back Ends - -=over +=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. -=item The Cross Referencing Back End (B::Xref) +=over 4 -i, &, s, r +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The Decompiling Back End +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Lint Back End (B::Lint) +=over 4 -=item The Simple C Back End +=item Creation -=item The Bytecode Back End +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, +stopDbSignal -=item The Optimized C Back End +=item Methods -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref +dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, +veryCompact, set, get =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=back -=item AUTHOR +=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=item SYNOPSIS -=over - -=item DESCRIPTION - -AvFILL, av_clear, av_extend, av_fetch, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, -av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, -dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, -get_av, get_cv, get_hv, get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, -gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, -G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, -HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, -hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, -hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, -hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, -MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, -mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, -NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, -perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, -PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_modglobal, PL_na, -PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs, PUSHi, -PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, require_pv, -RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, -strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, -SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, -SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, -SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, -SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, -SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, -SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, -SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, -SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUPGRADE, SvUV, SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, -sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, -sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_cmp, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, -sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, sv_magic, -sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, -sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, -sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, -sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_unref, -sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, -toLOWER, toUPPER, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, -XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, -XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, -XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHORS +@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, +@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), +dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), +dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), +bootstrap() -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B - Perl functions +=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into +Perl code -=over +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHORS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=head2 Encode - character encodings + +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item INTRODUCTION +=over 4 -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=item TERMINOLOGY -=over +=back -=item PUMPKIN? +=item ENCODINGS -=back +=over 4 -=item THE RECORDS +=item Characteristics of an Encoding -=over +=item Types of Encodings -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, +Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +=item Specifying Encodings -=back +1. By name, 2. As an object -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +=item Encoding Names + +The MIME name as defined in IETF RFC-XXXX, The name in the IANA registry, +The name used by the the organization that defined it =back -=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION +=item PERL ENCODING API -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +=over 4 -=over +=item Generic Encoding Interface -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Handling Malformed Data -=item DESCRIPTION +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes -method, locked +=item UTF-8 / utf8 -=back +=item Other Encodings of Unicode -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +=item Listing available encodings -=over +=item Defining Aliases -=item SYNOPSIS +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Defining Encodings =back -=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes +=item Encoding and IO -=over +=item Encoding How to ... -=item SYNOPSIS +IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 +strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Messing with Perl's Internals -=over +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) -=item Built-in Attributes +=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES -locked, method, lvalue +-Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), +-Edecode($octets,$check) -=item Available Subroutines +=over 4 -get, reftype +=item Compiled Encodings -=item Package-specific Attribute Handling +.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other +variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 -FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES +=back -=item Syntax of Attribute Lists +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item EXPORTS +=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables +of the Encode extension -=over +=over 4 -=item Default exports +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Available exports +[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B -=item Export tags defined +=item KEYWORDS + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item EXAMPLES +=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B + +=item KEYWORDS + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated) +=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation +variables -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -method, locked +=item PERFORMANCE =back -=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used +=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or +arrays -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item WARNING +=item LIMITATIONS =item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time +=head2 Errno - System errno constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item HISTORY +=item CAVEATS -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package +=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item How to Export + +=item Selecting What To Export + +=item Specialised Import Lists + +=item Exporting without using Export's import method + +=item Module Version Checking + +=item Managing Unknown Symbols + +=item Tag Handling Utility Functions =back -=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character -semantics +=back + +=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal -escape. +=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in +Makefiles etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS +=back -=item BUGS +cat -=back +eqtime src dst -=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants +rm_f files... -=over +rm_f files... -=item SYNOPSIS +touch files .. -=item DESCRIPTION +mv source... destination -=item NOTES +cp source... destination -=item TECHNICAL NOTE +chmod mode files.. + +mkpath directory.. + +test_f file + +=over 4 =item BUGS -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning -diagnostics +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item USAGE -=item The C Pragma +IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, PVN, YES, NO, UNDEF -=item The I Program +=item FUNCTIONS =back -=item EXAMPLES +C_stringify NAME -=item INTERNALS +constant_types -=item BUGS +memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT -=item AUTHOR +assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE.. -=back +return_clause -=head2 fields - compile-time class fields +switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. -=over +params WHAT -=item SYNOPSIS +dump_names -=item DESCRIPTION +C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item +def_post -new, phash +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=item SEE ALSO +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER -=back +WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, +BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators +=over 4 -=over +=item AUTHOR -=item SYNOPSIS +=back - $can_perhaps_read = -r "file"; # use the mode bits - { - use filetest 'access'; # intuit harder - $can_really_read = -r "file"; - } - $can_perhaps_read = -r "file"; # use the mode bits again +=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=over +=item SYNOPSIS -=item subpragma access +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item @EXPORT -=back +=item FUNCTIONS -=head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of -double +xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), +ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler +=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4119,674 +9828,684 @@ double =back -=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time +=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Adding directories to @INC - -=item Deleting directories from @INC +=item USAGE -=item Restoring original @INC +=item FUNCTIONS -=back +new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), +packlist(), version() -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXAMPLE =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in -operations +=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions + +=over 4 + +=item EXTRALIBS + +=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH + +=item BSLOADLIBS + =back -=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling +=item PORTABILITY -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item VMS implementation -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Win32 implementation + +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive -=item Declaration of overloaded functions +=back -=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -FALSE, TRUE, C +=over 4 -=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Calling Conventions for Mutators +=item DESCRIPTION -C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions +=back -=item Overloadable Operations +catfile -I, I, I, -I, I, I, I, I, I +constants (o) -=item Inheritance and overloading +static_lib (o) -Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation -is inherited by derived classes +dynamic_bs (o) -=back +dynamic_lib (o) -=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C +canonpath -=over +perl_script -=item Last Resort +pm_to_blib -=item Fallback +test_via_harness (o) -C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE +tool_autosplit (override) -=item Copy Constructor +tools_other (o) -B +xs_o (o) -=back +top_targets (o) -=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION +htmlifypods (o) -I, I, -I, C, I, I, -I, I, I, I, -I +manifypods (o) -=item Losing overloading +dist_ci (o) -=item Run-time Overloading +dist_core (o) -=item Public functions +pasthru (o) -overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item Overloading constants +=over 4 -integer, float, binary, q, qr +=item SYNOPSIS -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Metaphor clash +=item METHODS -=item Cookbook +=back -=over +perl_archive_after -=item Two-face scalars +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item Two-face references +=over 4 -=item Symbolic calculator +=item SYNOPSIS -=item I symbolic calculator +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item METHODS -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item Preloaded methods -=item BUGS +canonpath =back -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour - -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +catdir -=item DESCRIPTION +catfile -=back +curdir -=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling +rootdir -=over +updir -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SelfLoaded methods -=item OPTIONS +c_o (o) -=over +=back -=item SIGNAL HANDLERS +cflags (o) -B, B, B I +clean (o) -=item SIGNAL LISTS +const_cccmd (o) -B, B, B +const_config (o) -=item OTHER +const_loadlibs (o) -B, B, I, I +constants (o) -=back +depend (o) -=item EXAMPLES +dir_target (o) -=back +dist (o) -=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs +dist_basics (o) -=over +dist_ci (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +dist_core (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +dist_dir (o) -C, C, C +dist_test (o) -=back +dlsyms (o) -=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names +dynamic (o) -=over +dynamic_bs (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +dynamic_lib (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +exescan -=back +extliblist -=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code +file_name_is_absolute -=over +find_perl -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile -=item SEE ALSO +fixin =back -=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) +force (o) -=over +guess_name -=item SYNOPSIS +has_link_code -=item DESCRIPTION +htmlifypods (o) -=back +init_dirscan -=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings +init_main -=over +init_others -=item SYNOPSIS +install (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +installbin (o) -warnings::enabled($category), warnings::warn($category, $message) +libscan (o) -=back +linkext (o) -=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION +lsdir -=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs +macro (o) -=over +makeaperl (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +makefile (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +manifypods (o) -=over +maybe_command -=item DBM Comparisons +maybe_command_in_dirs -[0], [1], [2], [3] +needs_linking (o) -=back +nicetext -=item SEE ALSO +parse_version -=back +parse_abstract -=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand +pasthru (o) -=over +path -=item SYNOPSIS +perl_script -=item DESCRIPTION +perldepend (o) -=over +ppd -=item Subroutine Stubs +perm_rw (o) -=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +perm_rwx (o) -=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine +pm_to_blib -=item Package Lexicals +post_constants (o) -=item B vs. B +post_initialize (o) -=back +postamble (o) -=item CAVEATS +prefixify -=item SEE ALSO +processPL (o) -=back +realclean (o) -=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading +replace_manpage_separator + +static (o) -=over +static_lib (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +staticmake (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +subdir_x (o) -$keep, $check, $modtime +subdirs (o) -=over +test (o) -=item Multiple packages +test_via_harness (o) -=back +test_via_script (o) -=item DIAGNOSTICS +tool_autosplit (o) -=back +tools_other (o) -=head2 B - The Perl Compiler +tool_xsubpp (o) -=over +top_targets (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +writedoc -=item DESCRIPTION +xs_c (o) -=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES +xs_cpp (o) -=over +xs_o (o) -=item SV-RELATED CLASSES +perl_archive -=item B::SV METHODS +perl_archive_after -REFCNT, FLAGS +export_list -=item B::IV METHODS +=over 4 -IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv +=item SEE ALSO -=item B::NV METHODS +=back -NV, NVX +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=item B::RV METHODS +=over 4 -RV +=item SYNOPSIS -=item B::PV METHODS +=item DESCRIPTION -PV +=over 4 -=item B::PVMG METHODS +=item Methods always loaded -MAGIC, SvSTASH +wraplist -=item B::MAGIC METHODS +=back -MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR +=back -=item B::PVLV METHODS +rootdir (override) -TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG +=over 4 -=item B::BM METHODS +=item SelfLoaded methods -USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE +guess_name (override) -=item B::GV METHODS +=back -is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, -FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +find_perl (override) -=item B::IO METHODS +path (override) -LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, -BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS +maybe_command (override) -=item B::AV METHODS +maybe_command_in_dirs (override) -FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS +perl_script (override) -=item B::CV METHODS +file_name_is_absolute (override) -STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS +replace_manpage_separator -=item B::HV METHODS +init_others (override) -FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY +constants (override) -=item OP-RELATED CLASSES +cflags (override) -=item B::OP METHODS +const_cccmd (override) -next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private +pm_to_blib (override) -=item B::UNOP METHOD +tool_autosplit (override) -first +tool_sxubpp (override) -=item B::BINOP METHOD +xsubpp_version (override) -last +tools_other (override) -=item B::LOGOP METHOD +dist (override) -other +c_o (override) -=item B::LISTOP METHOD +xs_c (override) -children +xs_o (override) -=item B::PMOP METHODS +top_targets (override) -pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp +dlsyms (override) -=item B::SVOP METHOD +dynamic_lib (override) -sv, gv +dynamic_bs (override) -=item B::PADOP METHOD +static_lib (override) -padix +manifypods (override) -=item B::PVOP METHOD +processPL (override) -pv +installbin (override) -=item B::LOOP METHODS +subdir_x (override) -redoop, nextop, lastop +clean (override) -=item B::COP METHODS +realclean (override) -label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line +dist_basics (override) -=back +dist_core (override) -=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C +dist_dir (override) -main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, -sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), -hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names +dist_test (override) -=item AUTHOR +install (override) -=back +perldepend (override) -=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate -bytecode +makefile (override) -=over +test (override) -=item SYNOPSIS +test_via_harness (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +test_via_script (override) -=item AUTHOR +makeaperl (override) -=back +nicetext (override) -=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +catfile -=over +constants (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +static_lib (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +dynamic_bs (o) -=item AUTHOR +dynamic_lib (o) -=back +canonpath -=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +perl_script -=over +pm_to_blib -=item SYNOPSIS +test_via_harness (o) -=item DESCRIPTION +tool_autosplit (override) -=item OPTIONS +tools_other (o) -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>, -B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> +xs_o (o) -=item EXAMPLES +top_targets (o) -=item BUGS +htmlifypods (o) -=item AUTHOR +manifypods (o) -=back +dist_ci (o) -=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend +dist_core (o) -=over +pasthru (o) -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item OPTIONS +=item SYNOPSIS -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, -B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item How To Write A Makefile.PL -=item AUTHOR +=item Default Makefile Behaviour -=back +=item make test -=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend +=item make testdb -=over +=item make install -=item SYNOPSIS +=item PREFIX and LIB attribute -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AFS users -=item OPTIONS +=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, -B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, -B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> +=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations -=item EXAMPLES +=item Which architecture dependent directory? -=item BUGS +=item Using Attributes and Parameters -=item DIFFERENCES +ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, +EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, +HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, +INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, +INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, +INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, +MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, +NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, +PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW, +PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, +VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION -=over +=item Additional lowercase attributes -=item Loops +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, +tool_autosplit -=item Context of ".." +=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods -=item Arithmetic +=item Hintsfile support -=item Deprecated features +=item Distribution Support -=back + make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, + make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make +shdist, make zipdist, make ci -=item AUTHOR +=item Disabling an extension =back -=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops - -=over +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item SYNOPSIS +PERL_MM_OPT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code +=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item OPTIONS - -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, -B, BIB<.> +=item DESCRIPTION -=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE +=item MANIFEST.SKIP -=over +=item EXPORT_OK -=item Synopsis +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES -=item Description +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item new +C I, C I, C I<$!>, +C I -=item coderef2text +=item ENVIRONMENT -=back +B -=item BUGS +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode +=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint +=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS +=back -B, B and B, B, -B, B, B, B, B +=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic +extension -=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS +=over 4 -B<-u Package> +=item SYNOPSIS -=item BUGS +=item DESCRIPTION + +DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME =item AUTHOR +=item REVISION + =back -=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONVENTIONS +=item USAGE -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=item FUNCTIONS + +new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() + +=item EXAMPLE =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files +=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend +=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS @@ -4796,1379 +10515,1411 @@ B<-u Package> =back -=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops +=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item NOTE + +=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS =back -=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs +=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> +fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse -=item BUGS +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR +C, C =back -=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code +=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Methods +=item RETURN -new, debug, iters +=item AUTHOR -=item Standard Exports +=back -timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), -timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( -TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) +=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles -=item Optional Exports +=over 4 -clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ -STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( -), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) -=item INHERITANCE +rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) -=item CAVEATS +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=item RETURN -=item AUTHORS +=item NOTES -=item MODIFICATION HISTORY +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code +=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item EXPORTS (by request only) + +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>, -B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m> +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item EXAMPLES +=item CAVEAT -=item BUGS +=item NOTES -=item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class +=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=over +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item PROGRAMMING STYLE +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES +C, C -1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. Forexample, --value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values, -3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values' +=item NOTES -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE +=back -=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: +=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees -=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: +=over 4 -=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: +=item DESCRIPTION -=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: +=item AUTHORS -=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: +=back -=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: +=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names -=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: +=over 4 -=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: +=item SYNOPSIS -=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: +=item SEE ALSO -=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS +=item AUTHORS -=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE +=back -B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, -B<:standard>, B<:all> +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs -=item PRAGMAS +=over 4 --any, -compile, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, --private_tempfiles +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS +=item DESCRIPTION -1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a -
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a
tag) +devnull =back -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS - -=over +tmpdir -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: +path -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER +canonpath -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER +splitpath -B, 4, 5, 6.. +splitdir -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: +catpath -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: +abs2rel -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL +rel2abs -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>) +=over 4 -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: - -=over +=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS +=over 4 -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION +=item DESCRIPTION -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +=over 4 -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML +=item Exports =back -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: - -=over - -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG - -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM - -B, B - -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD - -B +=item SEE ALSO -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD +=back -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD +=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST +=item METHODS -B +canonpath -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES +=back -B +catdir -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX +catfile -B +curdir -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP +devnull -B +rootdir -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON +tmpdir -B +updir -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON +file_name_is_absolute -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON +path -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD +splitpath -B +splitdir -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON +catpath -B, 3.The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type, -and may be -TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE +abs2rel -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON +rel2abs -=back +=over 4 -=item HTTP COOKIES +=item SEE ALSO -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> +=back -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES +=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs -1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the tag +=over 4 -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item DEBUGGING +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS +=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec -=back +=over 4 -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES +=item SYNOPSIS -B, B, B, B, -B, B, BReturn the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering -scripts, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, B +=item DESCRIPTION -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS +=item METHODS -In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters in the B and B statements: +canonpath -=item Server Push +=back -multipart_init() - multipart_init(-boundary=>$boundary);, multipart_start(), multipart_end() +catdir -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks +catfile -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> +curdir -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL +devnull -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +rootdir -=item CREDITS +tmpdir -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. +updir -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT +no_upwards -=item BUGS +case_tolerant -=item SEE ALSO +file_name_is_absolute -=back +path -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm +join -=over +splitpath -=item SYNOPSIS +splitdir -=item ABSTRACT +catpath -=item DESCRIPTION +abs2rel -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +rel2abs -=item BUGS +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log +=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES - -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW - -=over - -=item Changing the default message +eliminate_macros =back -=item CHANGE LOG +fixpath -=item AUTHORS +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Methods always loaded + +canonpath (override) =back -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies +catdir -=over +catfile -=item SYNOPSIS +curdir (override) -=item DESCRIPTION +devnull (override) -=item USING CGI::Cookie +rootdir (override) -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> +tmpdir (override) -=over +updir (override) -=item Creating New Cookies +case_tolerant (override) -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser +path (override) -=item Recovering Previous Cookies +file_name_is_absolute (override) -=item Manipulating Cookies +splitpath (override) -B, B, B, B, B +splitdir (override) -=back +catpath (override) -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +abs2rel (override) -=item BUGS +rel2abs (override) + +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI +=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE +devnull -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS +=back -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS +tmpdir -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS +catfile -=item CAVEATS +canonpath -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +splitpath -=item BUGS +splitdir + +catpath + +=over 4 =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code +=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely -=over +=over 4 + +=item PORTABILITY =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=back -=item Tags that won't be formatted +=over 4 -=item Customizing the Indenting +=item FUNCTIONS + +B =back -=item BUGS +B -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS + +B =back -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push +B -=over +B -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item USING CGI::Push +=item POSIX FUNCTIONS --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires +B -=over +=back -=item Heterogeneous Pages +B -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly +=over 4 + +=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS + +B =back -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS -=item BUGS +B -=item SEE ALSO +=back + +=over 4 + +=item PACKAGE VARIABLES + +B, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH =back -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch +TopSystemUID -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item WARNING -=item ABSTRACT +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Temporary files and NFS -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=back -=item BUGS +=item HISTORY =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites +=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item Interactive Mode +=item NOTE -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, Signals +=item AUTHOR -=item CPAN::Shell +=back -=item autobundle +=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits -=item recompile +=over 4 -=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution +=item SYNOPSIS -=item ProgrammerE<39>s interface +=item DESCRIPTION -expand($type,@things), Programming Examples +=item BUGS -=item Methods in the four Classes +=back -=item Cache Manager +=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles -=item Bundles +=over 4 -=item Prerequisites +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Finding packages and VERSION +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Debugging +$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item CONFIGURATION - -Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE -EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist -optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE -[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> +=head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering -=over +=over 4 -=item Note on urllist parameter's format +=item SYNOPSIS -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -=item SECURITY +=item The Problem -=item EXPORT +=item A Solution -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES +=item Disabling or changing behaviour -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +=item All-in-one interface -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +=item How it works -=item BUGS +=back =item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization +=head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module +=over 4 -=over +=item B -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B -=item DESCRIPTION +=item B -=item SEE ALSO +B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =back -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) +=item EXAMPLES -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Example 1: A simple filter. -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Example 2: Using the context -=over +=item Example 3: Using the context within the filter -=item Forcing a Stack Trace +=item Example 4: Using filter_del =back -=item BUGS +=item Filter::Simple + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE =back -=head2 Carp::Heavy - Carp guts +=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES -=over +=item KNOWN BUGS -=item SYNOPIS +=item AUTHORS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes +=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item AVAILABILITY -=item The C function +=item BUGS -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods +=item SEE ALSO -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) +=back -=item Initializing with C +=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options -=back +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item SYNOPSIS -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Author and Modification History +=item Command Line Options, an Introduction -=back +=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information +=over 4 -=over +=item Simple options -=item SYNOPSIS +=item A little bit less simple options -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Mixing command line option with other arguments -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) +=item Options with values -=item EXAMPLE +=item Options with multiple values -=item WARNING +=item Options with hash values -=item GLOSSARY +=item User-defined subroutines to handle options -=over +=item Options with multiple names -=item _ +=item Case and abbreviations -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> +=item Summary of Option Specifications -=item a +!, +, s, i, f, : I [ I ] -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item b +=item Advanced Possibilities -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=over 4 -=item c +=item Object oriented interface -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Documentation and help texts -=item C +=item Storing options in a hash -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Bundling -=item d +=item The lonesome dash -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Argument call-back -=item e +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item Configuring Getopt::Long -=item f +default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, +require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override +(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always +(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item Return values and Errors -=item g +=item Legacy -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item h +=item Default destinations -C, C, C, C, C +=item Alternative option starters -=item i +=item Configuration variables -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=back -=item k +=item Trouble Shooting -C, C +=over 4 -=item l +=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not +supplied -=item m +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item AUTHOR -=item M +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=back -=item n +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch +clustering -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=over 4 -=item o +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item p +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current +locale -=item P +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item SYNOPSIS -=item q +=item DESCRIPTION -C, C +=back -=item r +=head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language +tags -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item s +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item t +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +the function is_language_tag($lang1) -=item u +the function extract_language_tags($whatever) -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -=item v +the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) -=item x +the function super_languages($lang1) -C, C +the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) -=item z +the function encode_language_tag($lang1) -C, C +the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) -=back +the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=back +=item ABOUT LOWERCASING -=head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory +=item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item COPYRIGHT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) +=head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS + +=item LIST OF LANGUAGES + +{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : +Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], +{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : +Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : +Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : +Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : +Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], +[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : +Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, +{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : +Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu +(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak +(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : +Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : +Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : +Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : +Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, +[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], +[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : +Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} +: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : +Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, +{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : +Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and +pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], +[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles +and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : +Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default +(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} +: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : +Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, +{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, +{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English +(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : +Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : +Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} +: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : +Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, +{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, +{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), +{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : +Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : +Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : +Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, +{he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : +Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, +{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, +{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], +{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language +Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} +: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : +Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : +Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, +{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : +Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : +Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} +: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, +{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, +{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : +Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} +: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, +{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : +Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : +Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : +Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, +{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : +Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, +{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo +languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : +Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} +: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : +Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : +Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} +: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : +Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : +Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : +Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, +{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, +{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} +: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, +{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, +{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian +languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : +Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : +Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian +(ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} +: Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], +{pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : +Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, +[{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : +Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan +languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], +{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : +Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, +[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, +{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, +{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : +Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], +{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : +Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern +Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} +: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : +Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : +Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : +Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} +: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} +: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, +{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga +(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : +Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish +(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, +{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : +Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : +Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], +{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, +{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, +{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik +languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : +Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR -=over +=back -=item Global Variables +=head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno +=over 4 -=item API Methods +=item SYNOPSIS -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Client Callback Methods +=over 4 -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) +=item EXPORT =back -=item BUGS +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE + =back -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x +=head2 IO - load various IO modules -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B +=back -=over +=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3 +=over 4 -=item Interface to Berkeley DB +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Default Parameters +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] -=item In Memory Databases +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item AUTHOR -=item DB_HASH +=item COPYRIGHT -=over +=back -=item A Simple Example +=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=back +=over 4 -=item DB_BTREE +=item SYNOPSIS -=over +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Changing the BTREE sort order +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Handling Duplicate Keys +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile -=item The get_dup() Method +=item METHODS -=item The find_dup() Method +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) -=item The del_dup() Method +=item SEE ALSO -=item Matching Partial Keys +=item HISTORY =back -=item DB_RECNO +=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles -=over +=over 4 -=item The 'bval' Option +=item SYNOPSIS -=item A Simple Example +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Extra RECNO Methods +=item CONSTRUCTOR -B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength> +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) -=item Another Example +=item METHODS -=back +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint -=item THE API INTERFACE +=item NOTE -B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> +=item SEE ALSO -=item DBM FILTERS +=item BUGS -B, B, B, -B +=item HISTORY -=over +=back -=item The Filter +=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=over 4 -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item HINTS AND TIPS +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd +=item METHODS -=item Safe ways to lock a database +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () -B, B, B +=item SEE ALSO -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications +=item AUTHOR -=item The untie() Gotcha +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item COMMON QUESTIONS +=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? +=item METHODS + +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item REFERENCES +=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects -=item HISTORY +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AVAILABILITY +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C +=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Methods +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) -I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I -I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dumpxs I -I->Dumpxs(I, I), -I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Reset +=item METHODS -=item Functions +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) -Dumper(I), DumperX(I) +=item EXAMPLE -=item Configuration Variables or Methods +=item AUTHOR -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>) +=item COPYRIGHT -=item Exports +=back -Dumper +=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications -=back +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item SYNOPSIS -=item BUGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item VERSION +new ( [ARGS] ) + +=item METHODS + +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler +=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item PROFILE FORMAT +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item AUTOLOAD +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item ENVIRONMENT +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item METHODS + +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() + +=back =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer +=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item A simple scalar string +=item METHODS -=item A simple scalar number +hostpath(), peerpath() -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference +=item SEE ALSO -=item A reference to a simple scalar +=item AUTHOR -=item A reference to an array +=item COPYRIGHT -=item A reference to a hash +=back -=item Dumping a large array or hash +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory +handles -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer +=over 4 -=item A reference to a subroutine +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTS +new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] -=item BUGS +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module +=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles +new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile -=over +=item METHODS -=item SYNOPSIS +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O +handles -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) -=item Creation +=item METHODS -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal +$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, +$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, +$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), +$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint -=item Methods +=item NOTE -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item BUGS + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [READER, WRITER] ) + +=item METHODS + +reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item METHODS + +mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( +IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) + +=item SEE ALSO + =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation -variables +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for +I/O objects -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item BUGS +$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), +WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), +$io->tell + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system +call -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ HANDLES ] ) + +=item METHODS + +add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( +[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) + +=item EXAMPLE + =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 Errno - System errno constants +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket +communications -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CAVEATS +=item CONSTRUCTOR + +new ( [ARGS] ) + +=item METHODS + +accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, +protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL]) + +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -6176,635 +11927,704 @@ variables =back -=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for +AF_INET domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item How to Export - -=item Selecting What To Export - -=item Specialised Import Lists - -=item Exporting without using Export's import method +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item Module Version Checking +new ( [ARGS] ) -=item Managing Unknown Symbols +=over 4 -=item Tag Handling Utility Functions +=item METHODS -=back +sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost +() =back -=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts - -=over +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPIS +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in -Makefiles etc. +=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for +AF_UNIX domain sockets -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item CONSTRUCTOR -cat +new ( [ARGS] ) -eqtime src dst +=item METHODS -rm_f files... +hostpath(), peerpath() + +=item SEE ALSO -rm_f files... +=item AUTHOR -touch files .. +=item COPYRIGHT -mv source... destination +=back -cp source... destination +=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -chmod mode files.. +=over 4 -mkpath directory.. +=item SYNOPSIS -test_f file +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item METHODS -=item BUGS +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat -=item SEE ALSO +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications +=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item @EXPORT - -=item FUNCTIONS - -xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), -ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) - -=item EXAMPLES +=item WARNING =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there +=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error +handling -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item WARNING + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules +=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE - -=item FUNCTIONS +=item METHODS -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat -=item EXAMPLE +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them +=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions - -=over +ftok( PATH, ID ) -=item EXTRALIBS +=item SEE ALSO -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH +=item AUTHORS -=item BSLOADLIBS +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=item PORTABILITY +=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class -=over +=over 4 -=item VMS implementation +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Win32 implementation +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item METHODS + +new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set +( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, +FLAGS ] ), stat =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object +class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive +=item METHODS + +new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), +getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), +set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N +, VALUE ), stat + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, sum LIST + +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of +general-utility list subroutines -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -=over - -=item Preloaded methods +first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce +BLOCK LIST, sum LIST -canonpath +=item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS -=back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -catdir - -catfile +=head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of +general-utility scalar subroutines -curdir +=over 4 -rootdir +=item SYNOPSIS -updir +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype +EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item COPYRIGHT -c_o (o) +=item BLATANT PLUG =back -cflags (o) +=head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes -clean (o) +=over 4 -const_cccmd (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -const_config (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -const_loadlibs (o) +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -constants (o) +=item SEE ALSO -depend (o) +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency -dir_target (o) +=item AUTHOR -dist (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -dist_basics (o) +=back -dist_ci (o) +=head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) -dist_core (o) +=over 4 -dist_dir (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -dist_test (o) +=back -dlsyms (o) +=over 4 -dynamic (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -dynamic_bs (o) +B, B, B -dynamic_lib (o) +=back -exescan +=over 4 -extliblist +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -file_name_is_absolute +code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) -find_perl +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile +=item QUERY ROUTINES -fixin +C, C =back -force (o) +=over 4 -guess_name +=item CODE ALIASING -has_link_code +=back -htmlifypods (o) +=over 4 -init_dirscan +=item EXAMPLES -init_main +=item DOMAIN NAMES -init_others +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -install (o) +=item SEE ALSO -installbin (o) +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, +http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, +http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html -libscan (o) +=item AUTHOR -linkext (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -lsdir +=back -macro (o) +=head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency +identification (ISO 4217) -makeaperl (o) +=over 4 -makefile (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -manifypods (o) +=back -maybe_command +=over 4 -maybe_command_in_dirs +=item DESCRIPTION -needs_linking (o) +XTS, XXX -nicetext +=back -parse_version +=over 4 -parse_abstract +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -pasthru (o) +code2currency(), currency2code() -path +=back -perl_script +=over 4 -perldepend (o) +=item QUERY ROUTINES -ppd +C, C -perm_rw (o) +=back -perm_rwx (o) +=over 4 -pm_to_blib +=item EXAMPLES -post_constants (o) +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -post_initialize (o) +=item SEE ALSO -postamble (o) +Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency -prefixify +=item AUTHOR -processPL (o) +=item COPYRIGHT -realclean (o) +=back -replace_manpage_separator +=head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification +(ISO 639) -static (o) +=over 4 -static_lib (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -staticmake (o) +=back -subdir_x (o) +=over 4 -subdirs (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -test (o) +=back -test_via_harness (o) +=over 4 -test_via_script (o) +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES -tool_autosplit (o) +code2language(), language2code() -tools_other (o) +=back -tool_xsubpp (o) +=over 4 -top_targets (o) +=item QUERY ROUTINES -writedoc +C, C -xs_c (o) +=back -xs_cpp (o) +=over 4 -xs_o (o) +=item EXAMPLES -perl_archive +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS -export_list +=item SEE ALSO -=over +Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item QUICK OVERVIEW + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 -=over +=item Construction Methods -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The "maketext" Method -=item DESCRIPTION +$lh->fail_with I $lh->fail_with(I), $lh->failure_handler_auto -=over +=item Utility Methods -=item Methods always loaded +$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, +$plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), +$language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), +$language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() -wraplist +=item Language Handle Attributes and Internals =back -=back +=item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES -rootdir (override) +=item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON -=over +=item BRACKET NOTATION -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item AUTO LEXICONS -guess_name (override) +=item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE + +=item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER + +=item AUTHOR =back -find_perl (override) +=head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization -path (override) +=over 4 -maybe_command (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -perl_script (override) +=item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=over 4 -replace_manpage_separator +=item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You -init_others (override) +=item The Linguistic View -constants (override) +=item Breaking gettext -cflags (override) +=item Replacing gettext -const_cccmd (override) +=item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation -pm_to_blib (override) +=item Buzzword: Isomorphism -tool_autosplit (override) +=item Buzzword: Inheritance -tool_sxubpp (override) +=item Buzzword: Concision -xsubpp_version (override) +=item The Devil in the Details -tools_other (override) +=item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites -dist (override) +=item References -c_o (override) +=back -xs_c (override) +=back -xs_o (override) +=head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings -top_targets (override) +=over 4 -dlsyms (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -dynamic_lib (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -dynamic_bs (override) +encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) -static_lib (override) +=item DIAGNOSTICS -manifypods (override) +Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data -processPL (override) +=item EXAMPLES -installbin (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -subdir_x (override) +=back -clean (override) +=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding +of quoted-printable strings -realclean (override) +=over 4 -dist_basics (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -dist_core (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -dist_dir (override) +encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); -dist_test (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -install (override) +=back -perldepend (override) +=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable +strings -makefile (override) +=over 4 -test (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -test_via_harness (override) +=item DESCRIPTION -test_via_script (override) +encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); -makeaperl (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -nicetext (override) +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -catfile +=over 4 -constants (o) +=item Canonical notation -static_lib (o) +=item Output -dynamic_bs (o) +=item C, C and C -dynamic_lib (o) +=item Accuracy vs. Precision -canonpath +=item Rounding -perl_script +ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale +), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 ) -pm_to_blib +=back -test_via_harness (o) +=item EXAMPLES -tool_autosplit (override) + use Math::BigFloat qw(bstr bint); + # not ready yet + $x = bstr("1234") # string "1234" + $x = "$x"; # same as bstr() + $x = bneg("1234") # BigFloat "-1234" + $x = Math::BigFloat->bneg("1234"); # BigFloat "1234" + $x = Math::BigFloat->babs("-12345"); # BigFloat "12345" + $x = Math::BigFloat->bnorm("-0 00"); # BigFloat "0" + $x = bint(1) + bint(2); # BigFloat "3" + $x = bint(1) + "2"; # ditto (auto-BigFloatify of "2") + $x = bint(1); # BigFloat "1" + $x = $x + 5 / 2; # BigFloat "3" + $x = $x ** 3; # BigFloat "27" + $x *= 2; # BigFloat "54" + $x = new Math::BigFloat; # BigFloat "0" + $x--; # BigFloat "-1" -tools_other (o) +=item Autocreating constants -xs_o (o) +=item PERFORMANCE -top_targets (o) +=item BUGS -htmlifypods (o) +=item CAVEAT -manifypods (o) +stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow -dist_ci (o) +=item LICENSE -dist_core (o) +=item AUTHORS -pasthru (o) +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over - -=item How To Write A Makefile.PL +Canonical notation, Input, Output -=item Default Makefile Behaviour +=item ACCURACY and PRECISION -=item make test +=over 4 -=item make testdb +=item Precision P -=item make install +=item Accuracy A -=item PREFIX and LIB attribute +=item Fallback F -=item AFS users +=item Rounding mode R -=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary +'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy +(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, +Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, +Remarks -=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations +=back -=item Which architecture dependent directory? +=item INTERNALS -=item Using Attributes and Parameters +=over 4 -AUTHOR, ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, PERL_MALLOC_OK, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, -LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, -NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, -PM, PMLIBDIRS, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, -PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, -XS_VERSION +=item mantissa(), exponent() and parts() -=item Additional lowercase attributes +=back -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +=item EXAMPLES -=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods + use Math::BigInt qw(bstr bint); + $x = bstr("1234") # string "1234" + $x = "$x"; # same as bstr() + $x = bneg("1234") # Bigint "-1234" + $x = Math::BigInt->bneg("1234"); # Bigint "-1234" + $x = Math::BigInt->babs("-12345"); # Bigint "12345" + $x = Math::BigInt->bnorm("-0 00"); # BigInt "0" + $x = bint(1) + bint(2); # BigInt "3" + $x = bint(1) + "2"; # ditto (auto-BigIntify of "2") + $x = bint(1); # BigInt "1" + $x = $x + 5 / 2; # BigInt "3" + $x = $x ** 3; # BigInt "27" + $x *= 2; # BigInt "54" + $x = new Math::BigInt; # BigInt "0" + $x--; # BigInt "-1" + $x = Math::BigInt->badd(4,5) # BigInt "9" + $x = Math::BigInt::badd(4,5) # BigInt "9" + print $x->bsstr(); # 9e+0 -=item Hintsfile support +=item Autocreating constants -=item Distribution Support +=item PERFORMANCE - make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci +=over 4 -=item Disabling an extension +=item Replacing the math library =back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item BUGS -PERL_MM_OPT +:constant and eval() + +=item CAVEATS + +stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, +Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt() + +=item LICENSE =item SEE ALSO @@ -6812,2525 +12632,2480 @@ PERL_MM_OPT =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file +=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item MANIFEST.SKIP - -=item EXPORT_OK +=item EXPORT -=item GLOBAL VARIABLES +=item LICENSE -=item DIAGNOSTICS +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I +=item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c +=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - -=back +=item OPERATIONS -=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader +=item CREATION -=over +=item STRINGIFICATION -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic -extension - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +=item USAGE -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO -DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME +=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS -=item REVISION +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files +=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE +=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS -=item FUNCTIONS +B -new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE +=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO -=item AUTHOR +=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS =back -=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back +=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS -=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die +=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS -=item AUTHOR +cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, +cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines +=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS -=over +=item EXAMPLES -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS -=item NOTE +=back -=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces +=head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse - -=item EXAMPLES +=item DETAILS -C, C +=item OPTIONS -=back +=over 4 -=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree +=item INSTALL -=over +=item NORMALIZER -=item SYNOPSIS +=item C, C -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, C =back -=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +=item OTHER FACILITIES -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item RETURN +=item C -=item AUTHOR +=item C =back -=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles +=item CAVEATS -=over +=item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT -=item SYNOPSIS +=item EXPIRATION SUPPORT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS -=over +=item MAILING LIST -=item Special behaviour if C is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) +=item AUTHOR -rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE + +=item THANK YOU =back -=item RETURN +=head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for +Storable use -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some +=head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of +memoized values -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTS (by request only) +=item INTERFACE -=item BUGS + TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE -=item AUTHOR +=item ALTERNATIVES -=item HISTORY +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree - -=over +=head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C - -=item CAVEAT - =back -=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine - -=over +=head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C - -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=back -C, C +=head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for +Storable use -=item NOTES +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees - -=over +=head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for +Storable use -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHORS - =back -=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 Memoize::Saves - Plug-in module to specify which return values +should be memoized -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR + =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=back + +=head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names +=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over +C, C, C -=item Exports +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item C =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS =back -=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item AUTHOR -canonpath +=item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS -=back +=item COPYRIGHT -catdir +=back -catfile +=head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc) -curdir +=over 4 -devnull +=item SYNOPSIS -rootdir +=item DESCRIPTION -tmpdir +=item USER METHODS -updir +debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), +dataend () -file_name_is_absolute +=item CLASS METHODS -path +debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... +]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), +ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot () -splitpath +=item EXPORTS -splitdir +=item AUTHOR -catpath +=item COPYRIGHT -abs2rel +=back -rel2abs +=head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet -=over +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSYS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs +=item METHODS -=over +requires_firewall HOST -=item SYNOPSIS +=item NetConfig VALUES -=item DESCRIPTION +nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, +time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_ext_passive, ftp_int_pasive, +local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists =back -=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec +=head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name +and domain -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () -canonpath +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -catdir +=head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class -catfile +=over 4 -curdir +=item SYNOPSIS -devnull +=item DESCRIPTION -rootdir +=item OVERVIEW -tmpdir +=item CONSTRUCTOR -updir +new (HOST [,OPTIONS]) -no_upwards +=item METHODS -case_tolerant +login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), +site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) +ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME +), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), rmdir ( DIR ), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE +]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, +WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, +REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), +mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( +[FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ +DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( +[ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), +pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( +NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () -file_name_is_absolute +=over 4 -path +=item Methods for the adventurous -join +quot (CMD [,ARGS]) -splitpath +=back -splitdir +=item THE dataconn CLASS -catpath +read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), +abort (), close () -abs2rel +=item UNIMPLEMENTED -rel2abs +B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B -=over +=item REPORTING BUGS + +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO +=item CREDITS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs +=head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -eliminate_macros - -=back - -fixpath +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=over +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) -=item Methods always loaded +=item METHODS -canonpath (override) +article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( +[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] +), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( +USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( +SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave +(), quit () -=back +=over 4 -catdir +=item Extension methods -catfile +newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), +overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN +), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( +MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ +GROUP ] ), reader -curdir (override) +=back -devnull (override) +=item UNSUPPORTED -rootdir (override) +=item DEFINITIONS -tmpdir (override) +MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C -updir (override) +=item SEE ALSO -case_tolerant (override) +=item AUTHOR -path (override) +=item COPYRIGHT -file_name_is_absolute (override) +=back -splitpath (override) +=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081) -splitdir (override) +=over 4 -catpath (override) +=item SYNOPSIS -splitpath +=item DESCRIPTION -splitdir +=item EXAMPLES -=over +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=item SEE ALSO +new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] ) -=back +=item METHODS -=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs +user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER, +PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, +FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( +MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () -=over +=item NOTES -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR -devnull +=item COPYRIGHT =back -tmpdir +=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability -catfile +=over 4 -canonpath +=item SYNOPSIS -splitpath +=item DESCRIPTION -splitdir +icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external -catpath +=over 4 -abs2rel +=item Functions -rel2abs +Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, +$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); -=over +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTES =back -=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions +=head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTE +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR +=item CONSTRUCTOR -=back +new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] -=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits +=item METHODS -=over +banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), mail ( ADDRESS [, +OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( +ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), +to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), +verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit () -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR -=item BUGS +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines +inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, +PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]) -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script +=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES - -=item KNOWN BUGS +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHORS +=item NOTE -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. - -=over +=head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item AVAILABILITY +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Where to get this document -=item SEE ALSO +=item How to contribute to this document =back -=head2 Getopt::Long, GetOptions - extended processing of command line -options +=item Author and Copyright Information -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Disclaimer -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -!, +, :s, :i, :f +=item Obtaining and installing libnet -=over +=over 4 -=item Linkage specification +=item What is libnet ? -=item Aliases and abbreviations +=item Which version of perl do I need ? -=item Non-option call-back routine +=item What other modules do I need ? -=item Option starters +=item What machines support libnet ? -=item Return values and Errors +=item Where can I get the latest libnet release =back -=item COMPATIBILITY +=item Using Net::FTP -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item CONFIGURATION OPTIONS +=item How do I download files from a FTP server ? -default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, require_order, permute, bundling -(default: reset), bundling_override (default: reset), ignore_case -(default: set), ignore_case_always (default: reset), pass_through (default: -reset), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: reset) +=item How do I transfer files in binary mode ? -=item OTHER USEFUL VARIABLES +=item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ? -$Getopt::Long::VERSION, $Getopt::Long::error +=item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server +? -=item AUTHOR +=item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ? -=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER +=item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ? -=back +=item How do I get a directory listing from a FTP server ? -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering +=item Changeing directory to "" does not fail ? -=over +=item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item I am behind a FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside +? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21 + +=item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP +server ? + +=item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it +documented ? + +=item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods =back -=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current -locale +=item Using Net::SMTP -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the +hostname ? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ? + +=item The verify method always returns true ? =back -=head2 IO - load various IO modules +=item Debugging scripts -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ? -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles +=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +=item EXAMPLES -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTE =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile - -=item METHODS - -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) - -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTE -=item HISTORY +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles +=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() +functions -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) - -=item METHODS - -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +=item EXAMPLES =item NOTE -=item SEE ALSO - -=item BUGS - -=item HISTORY +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +=head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION +=item THE .netrc FILE + +machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef +name + =item CONSTRUCTOR -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ]) =item METHODS -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () - -=item SEE ALSO +login (), password (), account (), lpa () =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=item CONVENTIONS -=item SEE ALSO +=item IMPLEMENTATION =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects +=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +C, C, C -=item HISTORY +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=back +=over 4 -=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call +=item C -=over +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item BUGS AND WARNINGS -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item SYNOPSIS -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLE +=item NOTE -=item AUTHOR +=item WARNING -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Operator Names and Operator Lists -=back +an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname +or optag, an operator set (opset) -=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications +=item Opcode Functions -=over +opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), +full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), +define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), +opdump (PAT) -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Manipulating Opsets -=item DESCRIPTION +=item TO DO (maybe) -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=back -new ( [ARGS] ) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item Predefined Opcode Tags -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected +:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, +:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, +:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, +:dangerous =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets +=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted +compartments -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR +a new namespace, an operator mask -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item WARNING -=over +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item RECENT CHANGES -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +=item Methods in class Safe -=back +permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, +...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from +(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), +root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) -=item SEE ALSO +=item Some Safety Issues + +Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=back =back -=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets +=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when +compiling -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item SEE ALSO -=item METHODS +=back -hostpath(), peerpath() +=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item NOTE -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory -handles +=item CAVEATS -=over +=item FUNCTIONS -=item SYNOPSIS +_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, +atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, +clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, +cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, +execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, +fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, +fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, +fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, +getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, +getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, +iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, +isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, +longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, +memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, +opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, +qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, +rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, +setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, +sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, +strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, +strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, +strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, +tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, +tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, +unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, +wctomb, write -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CLASSES -new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item POSIX::SigAction -=item AUTHOR +new -=item COPYRIGHT +=item POSIX::SigSet -=back +new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember -=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles +=item POSIX::Termios -=over +new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, +getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, +setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc +field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field +values, c_oflag field values -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item PATHNAME CONSTANTS -=item CONSTRUCTOR +Constants -new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile +=item POSIX CONSTANTS -=item METHODS +Constants -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +=item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=item HISTORY +=item ERRNO -=back +Constants -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O -handles +=item FCNTL -=over +Constants -=item SYNOPSIS +=item FLOAT -=item DESCRIPTION +Constants -=item CONSTRUCTOR +=item LIMITS -new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) +Constants -=item METHODS +=item LOCALE -$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, -$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, -$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), -$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint +Constants -=item NOTE +=item MATH -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=item BUGS +=item SIGNAL -=item HISTORY +Constants -=back +=item STAT -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes +Constants, Macros -=over +=item STDLIB -=item SYNOPSIS +Constants -=item DESCRIPTION +=item STDIO -=item CONSTRUCTOR +Constants -new ( [READER, WRITER] ) +=item TIME -=item METHODS +Constants -reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () +=item UNISTD -=item SEE ALSO +Constants -=item AUTHOR +=item WAIT -=item COPYRIGHT +Constants, Macros =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call +=head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* +name space -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw -mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( -IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Defaults and how to override them + +=back =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for -I/O objects +=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO - -=item HISTORY - =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system -call +=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ HANDLES ] ) - -=item METHODS - -add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( -[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item AUTHOR - -=item COPYRIGHT +$class->PUSHED([$mode][,$fh]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), +$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), +$class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), +$obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), +$obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), +$obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket -communications +=head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CONSTRUCTOR - -new ( [ARGS] ) - -=item METHODS - -accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]), -sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected +=item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item podchecker() -=item COPYRIGHT +B<-warnings> =E I =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for -AF_INET domain sockets +=item DESCRIPTION -=over +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Errors -=item CONSTRUCTOR +empty =headn, =over on line I without closing =back, =item without +previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end +without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, +unresolved internal link I, Unknown command "I", Unknown +interior-sequence "I", nested commands +IE...IE...E...E, garbled entity I, Entity +number out of range, malformed link LEE, nonempty ZEE, +empty XEE, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s) +after =back -new ( [ARGS] ) +=item Warnings -=over +multiple occurence of link target I, line containing nothing but +whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has +no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I +vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No +items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section -=item METHODS +=item Hyperlinks -sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost -() +ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' +deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or / =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item RETURN VALUE -=item AUTHOR +=item EXAMPLES -=item COPYRIGHT +=item INTERFACE =back -=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for -AF_UNIX domain sockets +Cnew( %options )> -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, +@args )> -=item DESCRIPTION +C<$checker-Enum_errors()> -=item CONSTRUCTOR +C<$checker-Ename()> -new ( [ARGS] ) +C<$checker-Enode()> -=item METHODS +C<$checker-Eidx()> -hostpath(), peerpath() +C<$checker-Ehyperlink()> -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class +=head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item C -=item COPYRIGHT +C<-verbose =E 1>, C<-perl =E 1>, C<-script =E 1>, C<-inc =E +1> =back -=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing +=over 4 -=over +=item C -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item WARNING +=item C -=item SEE ALSO +C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E +1> =back -=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error -handling +=over 4 -=over +=item C -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item WARNING +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class +=head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS +=item ARGUMENTS -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, +infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, +title, verbose -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXAMPLE + +=item ENVIRONMENT =item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO + =item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants +=head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, +commands, etc. -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -ftok( PATH, ID ) +=item REQUIRES -=item SEE ALSO +=item EXPORTS -=item AUTHORS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +package B, package B, package +B, package B =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item METHODS +=over 4 -new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set -( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, -FLAGS ] ), stat +=item B -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item B =back -=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object -class - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item METHODS +=over 4 -new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), -getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), -set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N -, VALUE ), stat +=item B -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item B =back -=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Pod::Paragraph-EB -number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is -performed +=back -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $pod_para-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -Canonical notation, Input, Output +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item $pod_para-EB -=item Autocreating constants +=back -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item $pod_para-EB =back -=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical -functions - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $pod_para-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item OPERATIONS +=over 4 -=item CREATION +=item $pod_para-EB -=item STRINGIFICATION +=back -=item USAGE +=over 4 -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO +=item $pod_para-EB -=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS +=back -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item B =back -=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Pod::InteriorSequence-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS +=over 4 -B +=item $pod_seq-EB -=over +=back -=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO +=over 4 -=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS - -=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS +=over 4 -=over +=item $pod_seq-EB -=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS +=back -=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS +=over 4 -cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, -cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES - -=item EXAMPLES - -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability - -=over - -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item $pod_seq-EB -=over +=back -=item Functions +=over 4 -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=item WARNING +=over 4 -=item NOTES +=item $pod_seq-EB =back -=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() -functions +=over 4 -=over +=item Pod::InteriorSequence::B -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item B -=item NOTE +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item Pod::ParseTree-EB =back -=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() -functions +=over 4 -=over +=item $ptree-EB -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item $ptree-EB -=item NOTE +=back -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item $ptree-EB -=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() -functions +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item $ptree-EB -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item NOTE +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item $ptree-EB =back -=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() -functions - -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Pod::ParseTree::B -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item NOTE +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex -=over +=over 4 =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONVENTIONS +=back -=item IMPLEMENTATION +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item OBJECT METHODS -=back +C -=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files +=back -=over +=over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Data Accessors -=item DESCRIPTION +B =back -=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code +B -=over +B -=item SYNOPSIS +B