X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=0a7987bb367b41db87912586113b98a4446d329a;hb=53273a086103cdbbf7ebdd5f1a18b2c0777cbc1b;hp=617ed2390f2bc21729319d06b9ba26a6593761c1;hpb=c4f1ce08c1c189f6f2a738bd05fe6603760d0e85;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index 617ed23..0a7987b 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -1,4 +1,8 @@ +# !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!! +# This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods. +# Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes. + =head1 NAME perltoc - perl documentation table of contents @@ -29,6 +33,8 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =item Miscellaneous +=item Language-Specific + =item Platform-Specific =back @@ -101,274 +107,270 @@ Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features =back -=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2001/11/19 -17:09:37 $) +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? -=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. +=item The Solution -=item L: General Questions About Perl +=item Syntax -=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl +=over 4 -=item L: Programming Tools +=item Making References -=item L: Data Manipulation +=item Using References -=item L: Files and Formats +=item An Example -=item L: Regexps +=item Arrow Rule -=item L: General Perl Language Issues +=back -=item L: System Interaction +=item Solution -=item L: Networking +=item The Rest -=back +=item Summary -=item About the perlfaq documents +=item Credits =over 4 -=item Where to get the perlfaq - -=item How to contribute to the perlfaq - -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=item Distribution Conditions =back -=item Credits +=back -=item Author and Copyright Information +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook =over 4 -=item Bundled Distributions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Disclaimer +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs -=back +=item REFERENCES -=item Changes +=item COMMON MISTAKES -1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, -24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, -Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE -=back +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=item DEBUGGING -=over 4 +=item CODE EXAMPLES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=back -=item Declarations +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS -=item Simple statements +=over 4 -=item Compound statements +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Loop Control +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item For Loops +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Foreach Loops +=back -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=item Goto +=over 4 -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=back +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES =back -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=item HASHES OF HASHES =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES -=over 4 +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Variable names +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Context +=back -=item Scalar values +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Scalar value constructors +=over 4 -=item List value constructors +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Slices +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS =back +=item Database Ties + =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays -=item The Arrow Operator +=item Growing Your Own -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item Access and Printing -=item Exponentiation +=item Slices -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=back -=item Binding Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Multiplicative Operators +=item AUTHOR -=item Additive Operators +=back -=item Shift Operators +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=item Named Unary Operators +=over 4 -=item Relational Operators +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Equality Operators +=item The Guide -=item Bitwise And +=over 4 -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=item Simple word matching -=item C-style Logical And +=item Using character classes -=item C-style Logical Or +=item Matching this or that -=item Range Operators +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item Conditional Operator +=item Extracting matches -=item Assignment Operators +=item Matching repetitions -=item Comma Operator +=item More matching -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=item Search and replace -=item Logical Not +=item The split operator -=item Logical And +=back -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=item BUGS -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +=item SEE ALSO -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=over 4 -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=item Acknowledgments -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, -C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, -C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial -=item I/O Operators +=over 4 -=item Constant Folding +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Bitwise String Operators +=item Part 1: The basics -=item Integer Arithmetic +=over 4 -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +=item Simple word matching -=item Bigger Numbers +=item Using character classes -=back +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item Building a regexp + +=item Using regular expressions in Perl =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=item Part 2: Power tools =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions -=over 4 +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression -=item Private Variables via my() +=item Non-capturing groupings -=item Persistent Private Variables +=item Looking ahead and looking behind -=item Temporary Values via local() +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Conditional expressions -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression -=item When to Still Use local() +=item Pragmas and debugging -=item Pass by Reference +=back -=item Prototypes +=item BUGS -=item Constant Functions +=item SEE ALSO -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Autoloading +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Attributes +=item Acknowledgments =back -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial =over 4 @@ -376,353 +378,243 @@ regular expressions =over 4 -=item Perl Functions by Category +=item If we could talk to the animals... -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow -=item Portability - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Invoking a barnyard -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr -NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir -DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, -defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, -dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval -BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, -fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock -FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, -getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority -WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname -NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname -NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, -getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, -gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, -sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent -STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, -endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, -glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep -EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index -STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join -EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, -lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen -SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log, -lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, -mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv -ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, -next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open -FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord -EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package -NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos -SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE -FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, -q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, -quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, -readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, -ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, -require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir -DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, -rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir -DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, -semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort -BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice -ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf -FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, -substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +=item The extra parameter of method invocation -=back +=item Calling a second method to simplify things -=back +=item Inheriting the windpipes -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=item A few notes about @ISA -=over 4 +=item Overriding the methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Starting the search from a different place -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=item The SUPER way of doing things -=item The Solution +=item Where we're at so far... -=item Syntax +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? -=over 4 +=item Invoking an instance method -=item Making References +=item Accessing the instance data -=item Using References +=item How to build a horse -=back +=item Inheriting the constructor -=item An Example +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances -=item Arrow Rule +=item Adding parameters to a method -=item Solution +=item More interesting instances -=item The Rest +=item A horse of a different color =item Summary -=item Credits - -=over 4 +=back -=item Distribution Conditions +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +=item Creating a Class -=item REFERENCES +=over 4 -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=item Object Representation -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +=item Class Interface -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C +=item Constructors and Instance Methods -=item DEBUGGING +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Destructors -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +=item Other Object Methods + +=back + +=item Class Data =over 4 -=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Accessing Class Data -=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Debugging Methods -=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Class Destructors + +=item Documenting the Interface =back -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS +=item Aggregation + +=item Inheritance =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Overridden Methods -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Multiple Inheritance -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects =back -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item Alternate Object Representations =over 4 -=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES - -=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Arrays as Objects -=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Closures as Objects =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Autoloaded Data Methods -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods =back -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item Metaclassical Tools =over 4 -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Class::Struct -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Data Members as Variables =back -=item Database Ties +=item NOTES -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Object Terminology =back -=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start - -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item The Guide +=item COPYRIGHT =over 4 -=item Simple word matching - -=item Using character classes +=item Acknowledgments -=item Matching this or that +=back -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=back -=item Extracting matches +=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl -=item Matching repetitions +=over 4 -=item More matching +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Search and replace +=item Class Data in a Can -=item The split operator +=item Class Data as Package Variables -=back +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket -=item SEE ALSO +=item Inheritance Concerns -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object -=over 4 +=item Indirect References to Class Data -=item Acknowledgments +=item Monadic Classes -=back +=item Translucent Attributes =back -=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables =over 4 -=item Ordinary Paragraph - -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item Privacy and Responsibility -=item Command Paragraph +=item File-Scoped Lexicals -C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item -I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end -I>, C<=for I I> +=item More Inheritance Concerns -=item Formatting Codes +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used -for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, -Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null -(zero-effect) formatting code +=item Translucency Revisited -=item The Intent +=back -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item NOTES -=item Hints for Writing Pod +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item AUTHOR +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and -notes +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Pod Definitions +=item OO SCALING TIPS -=item Pod Commands +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES -"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", -"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..." +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Pod Formatting Codes +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for -filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a -null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text -contains non-breaking spaces +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS -=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS -=item About LE...E Codes +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM -First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE -=item About =over...=back Regions +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT -=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR -=item SEE ALSO +=item DELEGATION -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -734,7 +626,7 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =back -=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary +=head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet =over 4 @@ -742,15 +634,35 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =over 4 -=item Awk Traps +=item The sheet -=item C Traps +=back -=item Sed Traps +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=item Shell Traps +=item AUTHOR -=item Perl Traps +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Awk Traps + +=item C/C++ Traps + +=item Sed Traps + +=item Shell Traps + +=item Perl Traps =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps @@ -791,7 +703,7 @@ Precedence Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +Regular Expression, Regular Expression =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps @@ -819,52 +731,42 @@ LIMIT specified =back -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item use strict -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=item Looking at data and -w and v -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +=item help -=item Location of Perl +=item Stepping through code -=item Command Switches +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, -B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], -B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS -=back +=item OUTPUT TIPS -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item CGI -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, -PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to -the VMS port) +=item GUIs -=back +=item SUMMARY -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings +=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2004/10/05 +22:15:44 $) =over 4 @@ -872,126 +774,112 @@ the VMS port) =over 4 -=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings - -=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> - -=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line - -B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> - -=item Backward Compatibility - -=item Category Hierarchy +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item Fatal Warnings +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -=item Reporting Warnings from a Module +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors =back -=item TODO +=item Credits -=item SEE ALSO +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Bundled Distributions -=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial +=item Disclaimer -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Table of Contents -=item use strict +perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 +- Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 +- Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular +Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System +Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking -=item Looking at data and -w and w +=item The Questions -=item help +=over 4 -=item Stepping through code +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS +=item L: Programming Tools -=item OUTPUT TIPS +=item L: Data Manipulation -=item CGI +=item L: Files and Formats -=item GUIs +=item L: Regular Expressions -=item SUMMARY +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -=item SEE ALSO +=item L: System Interaction -=item AUTHOR +=item L: Networking -=item CONTRIBUTORS +=back =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: +2004/10/11 05:06:29 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger - =over 4 -=item Debugger Commands +=item What is Perl? -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, @ file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man -[manpage] +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? -=item Configurable Options +=item Which version of Perl should I use? -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item What are perl4 and perl5? -=item Debugger input/output +=item What is Ponie? -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing +=item What is perl6? -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item How stable is Perl? -=item Debugger Customization +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? -=item Readline Support +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? -=item The Perl Profiler +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? -=back +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? -=item Debugging memory usage +=item What is a JAPH? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? -=item BUGS +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language? =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.29 $, +$Date: 2004/10/25 18:37:23 $) =over 4 @@ -999,380 +887,362 @@ listing =over 4 -=item Predefined Names +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? -$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, -HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, -IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, -HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, -IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, -IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, -$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, -HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, -HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, -HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, -@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as -C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> -is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as -C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), -$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, -IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, -$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, -$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, -$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, -$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), -$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, -$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, -${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, -0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, -$BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, -${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, -$ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? -=item Error Indicators +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. -=back +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? -=item BUGS +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? -=back +=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=item Where can I get information on Perl? -=over 4 +=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where should I post source code? -=over 4 +=item Perl Books -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics -=item Growing Your Own +=item Perl in Magazines -=item Access and Printing +=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access -=item Slices +=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? -=back +=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? -=item AUTHOR +=item Where do I send bug reports? + +=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? =back -=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.41 $, $Date: 2004/11/03 +22:45:32 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Open E la shell - =over 4 -=item Simple Opens +=item How do I do (anything)? -=item Pipe Opens +=item How can I use Perl interactively? -=item The Minus File +=item Is there a Perl shell? -=item Mixing Reads and Writes +=item How do I find which modules are installed on my system? -=item Filters +=item How do I debug my Perl programs? -=back +=item How do I profile my Perl programs? -=item Open E la C +=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? -=over 4 +=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? -=item Permissions E la mode +=item Is there a ctags for Perl? -=back +=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? -=item Obscure Open Tricks +Eclipse, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual +Perl, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and +BBEdit Lite -=over 4 +=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? -=item Re-Opening Files (dups) +=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? -=item Dispelling the Dweomer +=item How can I use curses with Perl? -=item Paths as Opens +=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? -=item Single Argument Open +=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? -=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT +=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? -=back +=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? -=item Other I/O Issues +Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and +stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk -=over 4 +=item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data? -=item Opening Non-File Files +=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? -=item Binary Files +=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? -=item File Locking +=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? -=back +=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I compile Perl into Java? -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT +=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? -=item HISTORY +=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? -=back +=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? -=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C +=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? -=over 4 +=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] -=item The Basic Principle +=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in +my C program; what am I doing wrong? -=item Packing Text +=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? -=item Packing Numbers +=item What's MakeMaker? -=over 4 +=back -=item Integers +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Unpacking a Stack Frame +=back -=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.56 $, $Date: 2004/11/03 +22:47:56 $) -=item Floating point Numbers +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Exotic Templates +=item Data: Numbers =over 4 -=item Bit Strings +=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the +numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? -=item Uuencoding +=item Why is int() broken? -=item Doing Sums +=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? -=item Unicode +=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? +Trig functions? -=item Another Portable Binary Encoding +=item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes? -=back +How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to +hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from +decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert +from decimal to binary -=item Lengths and Widths +=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? -=over 4 +=item How do I multiply matrices? -=item String Lengths +=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? -=item Dynamic Templates +=item How can I output Roman numerals? + +=item Why aren't my random numbers random? + +=item How do I get a random number between X and Y? =back -=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures +=item Data: Dates =over 4 -=item The Alignment Pit - -=item Alignment, Take 2 +=item How do I find the day or week of the year? -=item Alignment, Take 3 +=item How do I find the current century or millennium? -=item Pointers for How to Use Them +=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? -=back +=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? -=item Pack Recipes +=item How can I find the Julian Day? -=item Funnies Section +=item How do I find yesterday's date? -=item Authors +=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? =back -=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial +=item Data: Strings =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Part 1: The basics - -=over 4 +=item How do I validate input? -=item Simple word matching +=item How do I unescape a string? -=item Using character classes +=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? -=item Matching this or that +=item How do I expand function calls in a string? -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? -=item Extracting matches +=item How do I reverse a string? -=item Matching repetitions +=item How do I expand tabs in a string? -=item Building a regexp +=item How do I reformat a paragraph? -=item Using regular expressions in Perl +=item How can I access or change N characters of a string? -=back +=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? -=item Part 2: Power tools +=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a +string? -=over 4 +=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? -=item More on characters, strings, and character classes +=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside +[character]? -=item Compiling and saving regular expressions +=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? -=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression +=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? -=item Non-capturing groupings +=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? -=item Looking ahead and looking behind +=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? -=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking +=item How can I expand variables in text strings? -=item Conditional expressions +=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? -=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression +=item Why don't my EEHERE documents work? -=item Pragmas and debugging +There must be no space after the EE part, There (probably) should +be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of +the tag =back -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Data: Arrays =over 4 -=item Acknowledgments - -=back - -=back +=item What is the difference between a list and an array? -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? -=over 4 +=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -=item DESCRIPTION +a), b), c), d), e) -i, m, s, x +=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or +array? -=over 4 +=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the +intersection of two arrays? -=item Regular Expressions +=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? -[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? -=item Extended Patterns +=item How do I handle linked lists? -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item How do I handle circular lists? -=item Backtracking +=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item How do I select a random element from an array? -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item How do I permute N elements of a list? -=item Combining pieces together +=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? =back -=item BUGS +=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item How do I process an entire hash? -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over +it? -=over 4 +=item How do I look up a hash element by value? -=item NOTE +=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? -=over 4 +=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? -=item Making References +=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? -=item Using References +=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? -=item Symbolic references +=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? -=item Function Templates +=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? -=back +=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create +it? -=item WARNING +=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or +array of hashes or arrays? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? =back -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item Data: Misc =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 +=item How do I handle binary data correctly? -=item Format Variables +=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? -=back +=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? -=item NOTES +=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? -=over 4 +=item How do I define methods for every class/object? -=item Footers +=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? =back -=item WARNINGS +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.31 $, $Date: 2004/02/07 +04:29:50 $) =over 4 @@ -1380,215 +1250,244 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a +line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? -=item Invoking a barnyard +=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program? -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item How do I make a temporary file name? -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass +filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? -=item Overriding the methods +=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? -=item Starting the search from a different place +=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=item How can I write() into a string? -=item Where we're at so far... +=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? -=item Invoking an instance method +=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? -=item Accessing the instance data +=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use +E*E? -=item How to build a horse +=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? -=item Inheriting the constructor +=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item How can I reliably rename a file? -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item How can I lock a file? -=item More interesting instances +=item Why can't I just open(FH, "Efile.lock")? -=item A horse of a different color +=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in +the file. How can I do this? -=item Summary +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? -=back +=item How do I randomly update a binary file? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? -=item COPYRIGHT +=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? -=back +=item How do I print to more than one file at once? -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? -=over 4 +=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? -=item Creating a Class +=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? -=over 4 +=item How do I do a C in perl? -=item Object Representation +=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? -=item Class Interface +=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't +`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? -=item Destructors +=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber +protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? -=item Other Object Methods +=item How do I select a random line from a file? + +=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? =back -=item Class Data +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item Accessing Class Data +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 2004/11/03 +22:52:16 $) -=item Debugging Methods +=over 4 -=item Class Destructors +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Documenting the Interface +=over 4 -=back +=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible +and unmaintainable code? -=item Aggregation +Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters -=item Inheritance +=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? -=over 4 +=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on +different lines? -=item Overridden Methods +=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving +case on the RHS? -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? -=back +=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? -=item Alternate Object Representations +=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? -=over 4 +=item What is C really for? -=item Arrays as Objects +=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a +file? -=item Closures as Objects +=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? -=back +=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=item How do I process each word on each line? -=over 4 +=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How can I do approximate matching? -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? -=back +=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? -=over 4 +=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? -=item Class::Struct +=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? -=item Data Members as Variables +=item What's wrong with using grep in a void context? -=back +=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? -=item NOTES +=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? -=over 4 +=back -=item Object Terminology +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: +2004/11/03 22:54:08 $) -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Acknowledgments +=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? -=back +=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to +use them? -=back +=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and +commas? -=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=item How do I skip some return values? -=over 4 +=item How do I temporarily block warnings? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item What's an extension? -=item Class Data in a Can +=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=item How do I declare/create a structure? -=over 4 +=item How do I create a module? -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=item How do I create a class? -=item Inheritance Concerns +=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +=item What's a closure? -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? -=item Monadic Classes +=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, +Regex}? -=item Translucent Attributes +Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, +Passing Methods -=back +=item How do I create a static variable? -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? +Between local() and my()? -=over 4 +=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical +is in scope? -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = EFILEE;" work right? -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? -=item Translucency Revisited +=item How do I create a switch or case statement? -=back +=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or +methods? -=item NOTES +=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I find out my current package? -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=item How do I clear a package? -=item HISTORY +=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? + +=item What does "bad interpreter" mean? =back -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 2004/10/05 +22:13:49 $) =over 4 @@ -1596,648 +1495,668 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item An Object is Simply a Reference - -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=item How come exec() doesn't return? -=item Method Invocation +=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? -=item Indirect Object Syntax +Keyboard, Screen, Mouse -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item How do I print something out in color? -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? -=item Destructors +=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? -=item Summary +=item How do I clear the screen? -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=item How do I get the screen size? -=back +=item How do I ask the user for a password? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I read and write the serial port? -=back +lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=item How do I decode encrypted password files? -=over 4 +=item How do I start a process in the background? -=item DESCRIPTION +STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=item How do I trap control characters/signals? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How do I set the time and date? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item How can I measure time under a second? -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? -=item DELEGATION +=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? -=back +=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? -=over 4 +=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? -=over 4 +=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, +^Z on MS-DOS)? -=item Tying Scalars +=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? -=item Tying Arrays +=item How can I write expect in Perl? -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, -key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, -UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY -this +=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as +"ps"? -=item Tying Hashes +=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How +come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my +changes to be visible? -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this +Unix -=item Tying FileHandles +=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to +complete? -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How do I fork a daemon process? -=item UNTIE this +=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? -=item The C Gotcha +=item How do I timeout a slow event? -=back +=item How do I set CPU limits? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? -=item BUGS +=item How do I use an SQL database? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? -=back +=item How do I open a file without blocking? -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl? -=over 4 +=item How do I install a module from CPAN? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item What's the difference between require and use? -=item Signals +=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? -=item Named Pipes +=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library +search path? -=over 4 +=item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime? -=item WARNING +=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? =back -=item Using open() for IPC +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.16 $, $Date: 2004/10/30 12:20:59 +$) =over 4 -=item Filehandles +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Background Processes +=over 4 -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +Server Error) -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item How do I remove HTML from a string? -=back +=item How do I extract URLs? -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a +file on another machine? -=over 4 +=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item How do I fetch an HTML file? -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? -=back +=item How do I redirect to another page? -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item How do I put a password on my web pages? -=over 4 +=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? -=item A Simple Client +=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my +CGI script to do bad things? -C, C, C +=item How do I parse a mail header? -=item A Webget Client +=item How do I decode a CGI form? -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item How do I check a valid mail address? -=back +=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item How do I return the user's mail address? -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=item How do I send mail? -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? -=item SysV IPC +=item How do I read mail? -=item NOTES +=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? -=item BUGS +=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I do RPC in Perl? =back -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes +=item Declarations -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets +=item Comments -=item Resource limits +=item Simple Statements -=item Killing the parent process +=item Truth and Falsehood -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item Statement Modifiers -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item Compound Statements -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item Loop Control -=back +=item For Loops -=item BUGS +=item Foreach Loops -=item AUTHOR +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements -=item SEE ALSO +=item Goto + +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation + +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) =back -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=back -=over 4 +=head2 perldata - Perl data types -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Storing numbers +=over 4 -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item Variable names -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=item Context -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item Scalar values -=item AUTHOR +=item Scalar value constructors -=item SEE ALSO +=item List value constructors -=back +=item Subscripts -=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl +=item Slices -=over 4 +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item What Is A Thread Anyway? - -=item Threaded Program Models - =over 4 -=item Boss/Worker - -=item Work Crew +=item Operator Precedence and Associativity -=item Pipeline +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) -=back +=item The Arrow Operator -=item Native threads +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement -=item What kind of threads are perl threads? +=item Exponentiation -=item Threadsafe Modules +=item Symbolic Unary Operators -=item Thread Basics +=item Binding Operators -=over 4 +=item Multiplicative Operators -=item Basic Thread Support +=item Additive Operators -=item Creating Threads +=item Shift Operators -=item Giving up control +=item Named Unary Operators -=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit +=item Relational Operators -=item Errors In Threads +=item Equality Operators -=item Ignoring A Thread +=item Bitwise And -=back +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or -=item Threads And Data +=item C-style Logical And -=over 4 +=item C-style Logical Or -=item Shared And Unshared Data +=item C-style Logical Defined-Or -=item Thread Pitfall: Races +=item Range Operators -=item Controlling access: lock() +=item Conditional Operator -=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks +=item Assignment Operators -=item Queues: Passing Data Around +=item Comma Operator -=back +=item List Operators (Rightward) -=item Threads And Code +=item Logical Not -=over 4 +=item Logical And -=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access +=item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or -Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores +=item C Operators Missing From Perl -=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) -=item Subroutine Locks +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators -=item Methods +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators -=item Locking A Subroutine +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, +C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, +C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions -=item A Complete Example +=item I/O Operators -=item Conclusion +=item Constant Folding -=item Bibliography +=item No-ops -=over 4 +=item Bitwise String Operators -=item Introductory Texts +=item Integer Arithmetic -=item OS-Related References +=item Floating-point Arithmetic -=item Other References +=item Bigger Numbers =back -=item Acknowledgements - -=item AUTHOR - -=item Copyrights - =back -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item SYNOPSIS -=item ISSUES +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Newlines +=item Private Variables via my() -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=item Persistent Private Variables -=item Files and Filesystems +=item Temporary Values via local() -=item System Interaction +=item Lvalue subroutines -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) -=item Standard Modules +=item When to Still Use local() -=item Time and Date +=item Pass by Reference -=item Character sets and character encoding +=item Prototypes -=item Internationalisation +=item Constant Functions -=item System Resources +=item Overriding Built-in Functions -=item Security +=item Autoloading -=item Style +=item Subroutine Attributes =back -=item CPAN Testers +=item SEE ALSO -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=back -=item PLATFORMS +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions =over 4 -=item Unix +=item DESCRIPTION -=item DOS and Derivatives +=over 4 -=item S +=item Perl Functions by Category -=item VMS +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 -=item VOS +=item Portability -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item Acorn RISC OS +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless +REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp( +LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map +EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget +KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my +TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no +Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct +EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, +opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : +ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, +package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, +print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, +printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, +qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, +rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, +readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, +ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, +require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir +DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, +rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir +DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, +semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair +SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, +sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, +splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format +parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum +width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat +FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME +(PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use +Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use +VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid +PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// -=item Other perls +=back =back -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl =over 4 -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item DESCRIPTION --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock -FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority -WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, -getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, -kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, -lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv -ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe -READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select -RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget -KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=item Open E la shell -=back +=over 4 -=item CHANGES +=item Simple Opens -v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, -v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 -May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February -1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September -1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, -v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 +=item Indirect Filehandles -=item Supported Platforms +=item Pipe Opens -=item SEE ALSO +=item The Minus File -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +=item Mixing Reads and Writes -=item VERSION +=item Filters =back -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=item Open E la C =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Permissions E la mode -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES +=back -=item USING LOCALES +=item Obscure Open Tricks =over 4 -=item The use locale pragma - -=item The setlocale function +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) -=item Finding locales +=item Dispelling the Dweomer -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=item Paths as Opens -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=item Single Argument Open -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=back -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=item Other I/O Issues -=item The localeconv function +=over 4 -=item I18N::Langinfo +=item Opening Non-File Files -=back +=item Opening Named Pipes -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=item Opening Sockets -=over 4 +=item Binary Files -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation +=item File Locking -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item IO Layers -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=back -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=item SEE ALSO -=item LC_TIME +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT -=item Other categories +=item HISTORY =back -=item SECURITY +=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C -=item ENVIRONMENT +=over 4 -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG +=item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES +=item The Basic Principle -=over 4 +=item Packing Text -=item Backward compatibility +=item Packing Numbers -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +=over 4 -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +=item Integers -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=item Unpacking a Stack Frame -=item Freely available locale definitions +=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net -=item I18n and l10n +=item Byte-order modifiers -=item An imperfect standard +=item Floating point Numbers =back -=item BUGS +=item Exotic Templates =over 4 -=item Broken systems +=item Bit Strings -=back +=item Uuencoding -=item SEE ALSO +=item Doing Sums -=item HISTORY +=item Unicode -=back +=item Another Portable Binary Encoding -=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction +=back -=over 4 +=item Template Grouping -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Lengths and Widths =over 4 -=item Unicode +=item String Lengths -=item Perl's Unicode Support +=item Dynamic Templates -=item Perl's Unicode Model +=item Counting Repetitions -=item Creating Unicode +=back -=item Handling Unicode +=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures -=item Legacy Encodings +=over 4 -=item Unicode I/O +=item The Alignment Pit -=item Displaying Unicode As Text - -=item Special Cases - -=item Advanced Topics - -=item Miscellaneous - -=item Questions With Answers +=item Dealing with Endian-ness -Will My Old Scripts Break?, How Do I Make My Scripts Work With Unicode?, -How Do I Know Whether My String Is In Unicode?, How Do I Detect Invalid -UTF-8?, How Do I Convert Data Into UTF-8? Or Vice Versa?, How Do I Display -Unicode? How Do I Input Unicode?, How Does Unicode Work With Traditional -Locales? +=item Alignment, Take 2 -=item Hexadecimal Notation +=item Alignment, Take 3 -=item Further Resources +=item Pointers for How to Use Them =back -=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS - -=item SEE ALSO +=item Pack Recipes -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=item Funnies Section -=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE +=item Authors =back -=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl +=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format =over 4 @@ -2245,217 +2164,227 @@ Locales? =over 4 -=item Important Caveats - -Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed -to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts - -=item Byte and Character semantics - -=item Effects of character semantics - -=item Scripts - -=item Blocks - -=item Character encodings for input and output +=item Ordinary Paragraph -=back +=item Verbatim Paragraph -=item CAVEATS +=item Command Paragraph -=item UNICODE REGULAR EXPRESSION SUPPORT LEVEL +C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item +I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end +I>, C<=for I I>, C<=encoding +I> -=over 4 +=item Formatting Codes -=item Unicode Encodings +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used +for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, +Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null +(zero-effect) formatting code -UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF16-LE, Surrogates, and BOMs (Byte Order Marks), -UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF32-LE, UCS-2, UCS-4, UTF-7 +=item The Intent -=item Security Implications of Malformed UTF-8 +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules -=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC +=item Hints for Writing Pod =back =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms +=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and +notes =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item Pod Definitions -=over 4 +=item Pod Commands -=item ASCII +"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", +"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", +"=encoding encodingname" -=item ISO 8859 +=item Pod Formatting Codes -=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for +filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a +null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text +contains non-breaking spaces -=item EBCDIC +=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors -=item 13 variant characters +=item About LE...E Codes -=item 0037 +First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: -=item 1047 +=item About =over...=back Regions -=item POSIX-BC +=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions -=item Unicode and UTF +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter -recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 +=over 4 -=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CONVERSIONS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item tr/// +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems -=item iconv +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS -=item C RTL +=item Location of Perl -=back +=item Command Switches -=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES +B<-0>[I], B<-A [I]>, B<-a>, B<-C +[I]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-dt>, B<-d:>I, +B<-dt:>I, B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> +I, B<-F>I, B<-h>, B<-i>[I], +B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], B<-m>[B<->]I, +B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, +B<-X>, B<-x>, B<-x> I -=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES +=back -chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap, +:perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB, +PERL5DB, PERL5DB_THREADED, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), +PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, +PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_DL_NONLAZY, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, +PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, +PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port) -=item SOCKETS +=back -=item SORTING +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics =over 4 -=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. - -=item MONO CASE then sort data. - -=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. - -=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings =over 4 -=item URL decoding and encoding - -=item uu encoding and decoding - -=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding - -=item Caesarian ciphers - -=back - -=item Hashing order and checksums - -=item I18N AND L10N +=item DESCRIPTION -=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS +=over 4 -=item OS ISSUES +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings -=over 4 +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> -=item OS/400 +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line -IFS access +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> -=item OS/390, z/OS +=item Backward Compatibility -chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales +=item Category Hierarchy -=item VM/ESA? +=item Fatal Warnings -=item POSIX-BC? +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module =back -=item BUGS +=item TODO =item SEE ALSO -=item REFERENCES - -=item HISTORY - =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data - -=item Switches On the "#!" Line - -=item Cleaning Up Your Path - -=item Security Bugs +=item The Perl Debugger -=item Protecting Your Programs +=over 4 -=back +=item Debugger Commands -=item SEE ALSO +h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y +[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l +min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, +?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b +subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b +compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W +expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ +command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [ +command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source +file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man +[manpage] -=back +=item Configurable Options -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=over 4 +=item Debugger input/output -=item DESCRIPTION +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing -=over 4 +=item Debugging compile-time statements -=item Packages +=item Debugger Customization -=item Symbol Tables +=item Readline Support -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=item Editor Support for Debugging -=item Perl Classes +=item The Perl Profiler -=item Perl Modules +=back -=item Making your module threadsafe +=item Debugging regular expressions -=back +=item Debugging memory usage =item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS + =back -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables =over 4 @@ -2463,225 +2392,209 @@ chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE - -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=item Predefined Names -=back +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, +HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, +IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, +IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, +$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, +HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, +HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, +HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, +@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as +C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> +is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as +C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), +$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, +$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, +$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, +$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, +$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), +$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, +$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, +${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, +$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, +$PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, +ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, +$SIG{expr} -=item PORTABILITY +=item Error Indicators -=item HEY +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names -=item AUTHOR +=back -=item COPYRIGHT +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +i, m, s, x =over 4 -=item Pragmatic Modules +=item Regular Expressions -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, -overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, -warnings::register +[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit -=item Standard Modules +=item Extended Patterns -AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, -B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, -B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, -CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, -CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, -Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, Encode, -Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, -ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, -ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, -ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, -ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, -ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, -ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, -File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, -File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, -File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, -File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, -Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, -I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, -Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, -Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, -Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, -Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, -Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Saves, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, -Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, -Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, -Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, -PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, -Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, -Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, -Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, Pod::t::basic, SDBM_File, Safe, -Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, -Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, -Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, -Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, -Text::Wrap, Thread, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, -Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, -Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, -User::pwent, Win32 - -=item Extension Modules +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> -=back +=item Backtracking -=item CPAN +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions -=over 4 +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 -=item Africa +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring -=item Asia +=item Combining pieces together -=item Central America +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> -=item Europe +=item Creating custom RE engines -=item North America +=back -=item Oceania +=item BUGS -=item South America +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference =over 4 -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=over 4 -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=item OPERATORS -=back +=item SYNTAX -=item NOTE +=item ESCAPE SEQUENCES -=back +=item CHARACTER CLASSES -=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide +=item ANCHORS -=over 4 +=item QUANTIFIERS -=item INTRODUCTION +=item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS -=item QUICK CHECKLIST +=item VARIABLES -=over 4 +=item FUNCTIONS -=item Before you start +=item TERMINOLOGY -=item The API +=back -=item Stability +=item AUTHOR -=item Documentation +=item SEE ALSO -=item Release considerations +=item THANKS =back -=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures =over 4 -=item Has it been done before? +=item NOTE -=item Do one thing and do it well +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What's in a name? +=over 4 -=back +=item Making References -=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE +=item Using References -=over 4 +=item Symbolic references -=item To OO or not to OO? +=item Not-so-symbolic references -=item Designing your API +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash -Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from -output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, -Parameter passing +=item Function Templates -=item Strictness and warnings +=back -=item Backwards compatibility +=item WARNING -=item Error handling and messages +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE +=head2 perlform - Perl formats =over 4 -=item POD +=item DESCRIPTION -=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs +=over 4 -=back +=item Text Fields -=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS +=item Numeric Fields -=over 4 +=item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text -=item Version numbering +=item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text -=item Pre-requisites +=item Specifying Values -=item Testing +=item Using Fill Mode -=item Packaging +=item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void -=item Licensing +=item Repeating Format Lines + +=item Top of Form Processing + +=item Format Variables =back -=item COMMON PITFALLS +=item NOTES =over 4 -=item Reinventing the wheel - -=item Trying to do too much +=item Footers -=item Inappropriate documentation +=item Accessing Formatting Internals =back -=item SEE ALSO - -L, L, L, L, Testing tools, -http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering - -=item AUTHOR +=item WARNINGS =back -=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects =over 4 @@ -2689,1017 +2602,1003 @@ http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering =over 4 -=item Warning +=item An Object is Simply a Reference -=item What should I make into a module? +=item A Class is Simply a Package -=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine -Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again +=item Method Invocation -=item Step-by-step: Making the module +=item Indirect Object Syntax -Start with F, Use L and L, Use -L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods -=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the -tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! +=item Destructors -=back +=item Summary -=item AUTHOR +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection + +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.2 $, $Date: -2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable =over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS + =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item What is Perl? - -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? - -=item Which version of Perl should I use? - -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=item Tying Scalars -=item What is perl6? +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item How stable is Perl? +=item Tying Arrays -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +=item Tying Hashes -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, SCALAR this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=item Tying FileHandles -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=item UNTIE this -=item What is a JAPH? +=item The C Gotcha -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +=back -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.3 $, -$Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? +B, B, B, +B -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? +=over 4 -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. +=item The Filter -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? +=back -=item Where can I get information on Perl? +=item SEE ALSO -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? +=item AUTHOR -=item Where should I post source code? +=back -=item Perl Books +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) -References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics +=over 4 -=item Perl in Magazines +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access +=item Signals -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? +=over 4 -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc +=item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? +=back -=item Where do I send bug reports? +=item Named Pipes -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? +=over 4 -=back +=item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals) -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as +"faults", Signals triggered by operating system state =back -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.10 $, $Date: 2001/11/19 -17:09:37 $) +=item Using open() for IPC =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Filehandles -=over 4 +=item Background Processes -=item How do I do (anything)? +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent -=item How can I use Perl interactively? +=item Safe Pipe Opens -=item Is there a Perl shell? +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? +=back -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? +=over 4 -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? +=item Internet Line Terminators -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers -Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, -CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, -MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? +=back -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket -=item How can I use curses with Perl? +=over 4 -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? +=item A Simple Client -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? +C, C, C -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? +=item A Webget Client -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket -Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and -stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk +=back -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? +=item UDP: Message Passing -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? +=item SysV IPC -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? +=item NOTES -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? +=item BUGS -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? +=item AUTHOR -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? +=item SEE ALSO -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? +=back -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation -=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? +=over 4 -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] +=item SYNOPSIS -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program; what am I doing wrong? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it -mean? +=over 4 -=item What's MakeMaker? +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes -=back +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Resource limits -=back +=item Killing the parent process -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2001/12/07 -21:17:58 $) +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes -=over 4 +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS -=item DESCRIPTION +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions -=item Data: Numbers +=back -=over 4 +=item BUGS -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? +=item AUTHOR -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? +=item SEE ALSO -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? +=back -=item How do I convert between numeric representations: +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl -B, B, B, B, B, B +=over 4 -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item How do I multiply matrices? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? +=item Storing numbers -=item How can I output Roman numerals? +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations + +Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C, Other +mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Data: Dates +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl =over 4 -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? +=item Status -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? +=item Threaded Program Models -=item How can I find the Julian Day? +=over 4 -=item How do I find yesterday's date? +=item Boss/Worker -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? +=item Work Crew + +=item Pipeline =back -=item Data: Strings +=item What kind of threads are Perl threads? + +=item Thread-Safe Modules + +=item Thread Basics =over 4 -=item How do I validate input? +=item Basic Thread Support -=item How do I unescape a string? +=item A Note about the Examples -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? +=item Creating Threads -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? +=item Ignoring A Thread -=item How do I reverse a string? +=back -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? +=item Threads And Data -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? +=over 4 -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? +=item Shared And Unshared Data -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? +=item Thread Pitfalls: Races -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? +=back -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? +=item Synchronization and control -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) +=over 4 -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? +=item Controlling access: lock() -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? +=item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? +=item Queues: Passing Data Around -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? +=item Basic semaphores -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? +=item Advanced Semaphores -=item Why don't my <? +=item A Complete Example -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? +=item Conclusion -=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? +=item Bibliography -=item How can I reliably rename a file? +=over 4 -=item How can I lock a file? +=item Introductory Texts -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? +=item OS-Related References -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? +=item Other References -=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a -file. Do I still have to use locking? +=back -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? +=item Acknowledgements -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? +=item AUTHOR -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Copyrights -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? +=back -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? +=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? +=over 4 -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? +Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I +portable -=item How do I do a C in perl? +=item ISSUES -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? +=over 4 -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? +=item Newlines -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? +=item Numbers endianness and Width -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? +=item Files and Filesystems -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? +=item System Interaction -=item How do I select a random line from a file? +=item Command names versus file pathnames -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? +=item Networking -=back +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item External Subroutines (XS) -=back +=item Standard Modules -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/12/02 01:55:12 $) +=item Time and Date -=over 4 +=item Character sets and character encoding -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Internationalisation -=over 4 +=item System Resources -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? +=item Security -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters +=item Style -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? +=back -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? +=item CPAN Testers -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? +Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: +http://testers.cpan.org/ -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving -case on the RHS? +=item PLATFORMS -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? +=over 4 -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? +=item Unix -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? +=item DOS and Derivatives -=item What is C really for? +=item S -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? +=item VMS -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? +=item VOS -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? +=item EBCDIC Platforms -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item Acorn RISC OS -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? +=item Other perls -=item How can I do approximate matching? +=back -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? +=over 4 -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown +LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen +HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, +getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, +getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, +getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, +gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent +STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, +endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat +FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd +ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select +RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, +setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, +wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? +=back -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? +=item CHANGES -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? +v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, +v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, +v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April +1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December +1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August +1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? +=item Supported Platforms -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/07 -02:27:50 $) +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES + +=item USING LOCALES + =over 4 -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? +=item The use locale pragma -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? +=item The setlocale function -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? +=item Finding locales -=item How do I skip some return values? +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems -=item What's an extension? +=item Permanently fixing locale problems -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration -=item How do I declare/create a structure? +=item Fixing system locale configuration -=item How do I create a module? +=item The localeconv function -=item How do I create a class? +=item I18N::Langinfo -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? +=back -=item What's a closure? +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? +=over 4 -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types -=item How do I create a static variable? +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? +=item LC_TIME -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? +=item Other categories -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? +=back -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? +=item SECURITY -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? +=item NOTES -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? +=over 4 -=item How can I find out my current package? +=item Backward compatibility -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? +=item I18N:Collate obsolete -=item How do I clear a package? +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC -=back +=item Freely available locale definitions -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item I18n and l10n -=back +=item An imperfect standard -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 -08:06:04 $) +=back -=over 4 +=item Unicode and UTF-8 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS =over 4 -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? +=item Broken systems -=item How come exec() doesn't return? +=back -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? +=item SEE ALSO -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse +=item HISTORY -=item How do I print something out in color? +=back -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? +=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? +=over 4 -=item How do I clear the screen? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I get the screen size? +=over 4 -=item How do I ask the user for a password? +=item Unicode -=item How do I read and write the serial port? +=item Perl's Unicode Support -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input +=item Perl's Unicode Model -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? +=item Unicode and EBCDIC -=item How do I start a process in the background? +=item Creating Unicode -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies +=item Handling Unicode -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? +=item Legacy Encodings -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? +=item Unicode I/O -=item How do I set the time and date? +=item Displaying Unicode As Text -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? +=item Special Cases -=item How can I measure time under a second? +=item Advanced Topics -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) +=item Miscellaneous -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? +=item Questions With Answers -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? +=item Hexadecimal Notation -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? +=item Further Resources -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? +=back -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? +=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? +=item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? +=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? +=back -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? +=over 4 -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? +=over 4 -=item How can I write expect in Perl? +=item Important Caveats -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? +Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C still needed to +enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts +autodetected, C needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? +=item Byte and Character Semantics -Unix +=item Effects of Character Semantics -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? +=item Scripts -=item How do I fork a daemon process? +=item Blocks -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? +=item User-Defined Character Properties -=item How do I timeout a slow event? +=item Character Encodings for Input and Output -=item How do I set CPU limits? +=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? +=item Unicode Encodings -=item How do I use an SQL database? +=item Security Implications of Unicode -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? +=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC -=item How do I open a file without blocking? +=item Locales -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? +=item When Unicode Does Not Happen -=item What's the difference between require and use? +=item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl) -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? +=item Using Unicode in XS -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? +=back -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? +=item BUGS -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? +=over 4 + +=item Interaction with Locales + +=item Interaction with Extensions + +=item Speed + +=item Porting code from perl-5.6.X =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 -$) +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) +=over 4 -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? +=item ASCII -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? +=item ISO 8859 -=item How do I extract URLs? +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? +=item EBCDIC -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? +=item 13 variant characters -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? +=item 0037 -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? +=item 1047 -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? +=item POSIX-BC -=item How do I redirect to another page? +=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? +=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? +=item Unicode and UTF -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? +=item Using Encode -=item How do I parse a mail header? +=back -=item How do I decode a CGI form? +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES -=item How do I check a valid mail address? +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item How do I return the user's mail address? +=item CONVERSIONS -=item How do I send mail? +=over 4 -=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? +=item tr/// -=item How do I read mail? +=item iconv -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? +=item C RTL -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? +=back -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES -=back +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES -=back +=item SOCKETS -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator +=item SORTING =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. -=over 4 +=item MONO CASE then sort data. -=item Layout +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. =back -=item Using The Back Ends +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS =over 4 -=item The Cross Referencing Back End - -i, &, s, r - -=item The Decompiling Back End - -=item The Lint Back End - -=item The Simple C Back End +=item URL decoding and encoding -=item The Bytecode Back End +=item uu encoding and decoding -=item The Optimized C Back End +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref +=item Caesarian ciphers =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back +=item Hashing order and checksums -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=item I18N AND L10N -=over 4 +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item OS ISSUES =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE - -B, B, B, B, B - -=item ROADMAP - -=item Compiling your C program - -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program - -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=item OS/400 -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +PASE, IFS access -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=item OS/390, z/OS -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=item VM/ESA? -=item Execution of END blocks +=item POSIX-BC? -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +=back -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=item BUGS -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +=item REFERENCES -=item MORAL +=item HISTORY =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging +=head2 perlsec - Perl security =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Debugger Internals - =over 4 -=item Writing Your Own Debugger +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data -=back +=item Switches On the "#!" Line -=item Frame Listing Output Examples +=item Taint mode and @INC -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Cleaning Up Your Path -=over 4 +=item Security Bugs -=item Compile-time output +=item Protecting Your Programs -C I C I, C I C -I, C, C, C -I, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item Unicode -=item Types of nodes +=item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks -=item Run-time output +=back + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Debugging Perl memory usage +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) =over 4 -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=item DESCRIPTION -C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=item Packages -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=item Symbol Tables -=item B<-DL> details +=item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END -C, C, C +=item Perl Classes -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics +=item Perl Modules + +=item Making your module threadsafe =back @@ -3707,201 +3606,287 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SPECIAL NOTES +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY =over 4 -=item make +=item Pragmatic Modules -=item Version caveat +assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, +bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, +fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, +sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, +vmsish, warnings, warnings::register -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=item Standard Modules -=back +AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, +B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, +B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, +B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, +CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, +CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, +Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DB_File, Data::Dumper, +Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, +Digest::MD5, Digest::base, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, +Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, +Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, +Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, +Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, +Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, +Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, +Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, +ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, +ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, +ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, +ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, +ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, +ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, +ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, +ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, +File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, +File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, +File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, +File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, +FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, +IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, +IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, +IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, +Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, +Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, +MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, +Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, +Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, +Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, +Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, +Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, +Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, +Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, +PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, +Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, +Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, +Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, +Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, +Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer, +Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, +Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, +Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, +Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, +Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, +Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, +Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, +Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, +Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, +Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, +Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, +Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, +Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, +XSLoader -=item TUTORIAL +=item Extension Modules -=over 4 +=back -=item EXAMPLE 1 +=item CPAN -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=over 4 -=item What has gone on? +=item Africa -=item Writing good test scripts +South Africa -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=item Asia -=item What's new here? +China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi +Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand -=item Input and Output Parameters +=item Central America -=item The XSUBPP Program +Costa Rica -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item Europe -=item Warning about Output Arguments +Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech +Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, +Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, +Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, +Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=item North America -=item What has happened here? +Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States, +Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, +Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, +North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, +Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=item Oceania -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +Australia, New Zealand, United States -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item South America -=item The Argument Stack +Argentina, Brazil, Chile -=item Extending your Extension +=item RSYNC Mirrors -=item Documenting your Extension +=back -=item Installing your Extension +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse -=item EXAMPLE 5 +=over 4 -=item New Things in this Example +=item Guidelines for Module Creation -=item EXAMPLE 6 +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules -=item New Things in this Example +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +=back -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=item NOTE -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +=back -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide -=back +=over 4 -=item See also +=item INTRODUCTION -=item Author +=item QUICK CHECKLIST =over 4 -=item Last Changed +=item Before you start -=back +=item The API -=back +=item Stability -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +=item Documentation -=over 4 +=item Release considerations -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE =over 4 -=item Introduction +=item Has it been done before? -=item On The Road +=item Do one thing and do it well -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +=item What's in a name? -=item The Argument Stack +=back -=item The RETVAL Variable +=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE -=item The MODULE Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +=item To OO or not to OO? -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=item Designing your API -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from +output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, +Parameter passing -=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword +=item Strictness and warnings -=item The CODE: Keyword +=item Backwards compatibility -=item The INIT: Keyword +=item Error handling and messages -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=back -=item Initializing Function Parameters +=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE -=item Default Parameter Values +=over 4 -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +=item POD -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs -=item The INPUT: Keyword +perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, +perl Build test, perl Build install -=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords +=back -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +=item Version numbering -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=item Pre-requisites -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=item Testing -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item Packaging -=item The POSTCALL: Keyword +=item Licensing -=item The BOOT: Keyword +=back -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +=item COMMON PITFALLS -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=item Reinventing the wheel -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +=item Trying to do too much -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +=item Inappropriate documentation -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=back -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +=item SEE ALSO -=item The CASE: Keyword +L, L, L, L, Packaging Tools, +Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software +engineering -=item The & Unary Operator +=item AUTHOR -=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=back -=item Using XS With C++ +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules -=item Interface Strategy +=over 4 -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Typemap +=over 4 -=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS +=item PREAMBLE -MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item PORTABILITY -=item XS VERSION +=item HEY =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution =over 4 @@ -3909,915 +3894,1071 @@ MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT =over 4 -=item Conventions - -C, C

, C, C +=item Warning -=item File Operations +=item What should I make into a module? -=item File Input and Output +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground -=item File Positioning +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again -=item Memory Management and String Handling +=item Step-by-step: Making the module -=item Character Class Tests +Start with F or F, Use L and +L, Use L, Use L - wisely!, +Use L, Write tests, Write the README -=item F functions +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module -=item Miscellaneous functions +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! =back +=item AUTHOR + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Variables - =over 4 -=item Datatypes +=item DOCUMENTATION -=item What is an "IV"? +L, L and L, +L and L, L, +L, L, L, +L -=item Working with SVs +=item CONVERTORS -=item Offsets +L, L, L -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=item Administration -=item Working with AVs +L -=item Working with HVs +=item Development -=item Hash API Extensions +L, L, L and L, +L, L, L -=item References +=item SEE ALSO -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +=back -=item Creating New Variables +=back -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -=item Stashes and Globs +=over 4 -=item Double-Typed SVs +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Magic Variables +=over 4 -=item Assigning Magic +=item Layout -=item Magic Virtual Tables +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref -=item Finding Magic +=back -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +=item Using The Back Ends -=item Localizing changes +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, -C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, -C, C, C +=item The Cross Referencing Back End -=back +i, &, s, r -=item Subroutines +=item The Decompiling Back End -=over 4 +=item The Lint Back End -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack +=item The Simple C Back End -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs +=item The Bytecode Back End -=item Memory Allocation +=item The Optimized C Back End -=item PerlIO +=back -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +=item Module List for the Compiler Suite -=item Scratchpads +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, +B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref -=item Scratchpads and recursion +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Compiled code +=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters =over 4 -=item Code tree - -=item Examining the tree +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +=item CONCEPTS -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item USING FILTERS -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C -=item Pluggable runops +B -=back +=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE -=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported +=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER -=over 4 +=item CONCLUSION -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT +=item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR -=item So what happened to dTHR? +Some Filters Clobber the C Handle -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item REQUIREMENTS -=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? +=item AUTHOR -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +=item Copyrights =back -=item Internal Functions - -A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program =over 4 -=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs - -=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Source Documentation +=over 4 -=back +=item PREAMBLE -=item Unicode Support +B, B, B, B, B -=over 4 +=item ROADMAP -=item What B Unicode, anyway? +=item Compiling your C program -=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program -=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program -=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program -=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program -=item Is there anything else I need to know? +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program -=back +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter -=item Custom Operators +=item Execution of END blocks -=item AUTHORS +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances -=item SEE ALSO +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program =back -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 -=over 4 +=item Hiding Perl_ -=item DESCRIPTION +=item MORAL -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program +=item AUTHOR -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS +=item COPYRIGHT -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv +=back -=item FLAG VALUES +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging =over 4 -=item G_VOID - -=item G_SCALAR - -=item G_ARRAY - -=item G_DISCARD - -=item G_NOARGS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item G_EVAL +=item Debugger Internals -=item G_KEEPERR +=over 4 -=item Determining the Context +=item Writing Your Own Debugger =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=item Frame Listing Output Examples -=item EXAMPLES +=item Debugging regular expressions =over 4 -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned - -=item Passing Parameters - -=item Returning a Scalar - -=item Returning a list of values +=item Compile-time output -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +C I C I, C I C +I, C, C, C +I, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +=item Types of nodes -=item Using G_EVAL +=item Run-time output -=item Using G_KEEPERR +=back -=item Using call_sv +=item Debugging Perl memory usage -=item Using call_argv +=over 4 -=item Using call_method +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> -=item Using GIMME_V +C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +=item B<-DL> details -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +C, C, C -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics =back =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - -=item DATE - =back -=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +=item SPECIAL NOTES + =over 4 -=item DOCUMENTATION +=item make -L, L and L, -L and L, L, -L, L, L, -L +=item Version caveat -=item CONVERTORS +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading -L, L, L +=back -=item Administration +=item TUTORIAL -L +=over 4 -=item Development +=item EXAMPLE 1 -L, L, L and L, -L, L, L +=item EXAMPLE 2 -=item SEE ALSO +=item What has gone on? -=back +=item Writing good test scripts -=back +=item EXAMPLE 3 -=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters +=item What's new here? -=over 4 +=item Input and Output Parameters -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The XSUBPP Program -=item CONCEPTS +=item The TYPEMAP file -=item USING FILTERS +=item Warning about Output Arguments -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER +=item EXAMPLE 4 -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C +=item What has happened here? -B +=item Anatomy of .xs file -=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL +=item More about XSUB arguments -=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER +=item The Argument Stack -=item CONCLUSION +=item Extending your Extension -=item REQUIREMENTS +=item Documenting your Extension -=item AUTHOR +=item Installing your Extension -=item Copyrights +=item EXAMPLE 5 -=back +=item New Things in this Example -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=item EXAMPLE 6 -=over 4 +=item New Things in this Example -=item SYNOPSIS +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) -B, B, B, -B +=item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes -=over 4 +=item Troubleshooting these Examples -=item The Filter +=back -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item See also -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item Author -=back +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item Last Changed -=item AUTHOR +=back =back -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, -av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, -ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK, -dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, -fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, getcwd_sv, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, -get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, -grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, -gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, -G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, -HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, -hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, -hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, -hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, -ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, -mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, -Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, -newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, new_vstring, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, -Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_clone, perl_construct, -perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, PL_modglobal, PL_na, -PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, -POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, -require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, scan_bin, -scan_hex, scan_oct, sharedsv_find, sharedsv_init, sharedsv_lock, -sharedsv_new, sharedsv_thrcnt_dec, sharedsv_thrcnt_inc, sharedsv_unlock, -sortsv, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, -strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, -SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, -SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, -SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, -SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, -SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, -SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, -SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, -SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, -SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, -SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, -SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, -SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVx, SvUVX, sv_2bool, -sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, -sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, -sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, -sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, -sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, -sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, -sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, -sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, -sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_reftype, sv_replace, -sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, -sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, -sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, -sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, -sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, -sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, -sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, -sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, -THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, to_utf8_case, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, -utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, -utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, -XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, -XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, -XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, -Zero +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B - Perl functions - -=over 4 +=item Introduction -=item DESCRIPTION +=item On The Road -djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, -PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, report_uninit, start_glob, sv_add_arena, -sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB -=item AUTHORS +=item The Argument Stack -=item SEE ALSO +=item The RETVAL Variable -=back +=item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL -=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. +=item The MODULE Keyword -=over 4 +=item The PACKAGE Keyword -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The PREFIX Keyword -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword -=item History and Background +=item The CODE: Keyword -=item Layers vs Disciplines +=item The INIT: Keyword -=item Data Structures +=item The NO_INIT Keyword -=item Functions and Attributes +=item Initializing Function Parameters -=item Per-instance Data +=item Default Parameter Values -=item Layers in action. +=item The PREINIT: Keyword -=item Per-instance flag bits +=item The SCOPE: Keyword -PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, -PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, -PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, -PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS +=item The INPUT: Keyword -=item Methods in Detail +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords - IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV - (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * -(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t -(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO -*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const -void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t -offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, -Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * -(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); +=item The C Keyword -=item Core Layers +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists -"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword -=item Extension Layers +=item The PPCODE: Keyword -":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists -=back +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword -=back +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +=item The POSTCALL: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The BOOT: Keyword -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword -1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The ALIAS: Keyword -=item Co-existence with stdio +=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword -B, B, -B, B +=item The FALLBACK: Keyword -=item "Fast gets" Functions +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword -=item Other Functions +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword -PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), -'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) +=item The CASE: Keyword -=back +=item The & Unary Operator -=back +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives -=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List +=item Using XS With C++ -=over 4 +=item Interface Strategy -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Perl Objects And C Structures -=item To do during 5.6.x +=item The Typemap -=over 4 +=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS -=item Support for I/O disciplines +MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT -=item Autoload bytes.pm +=back -=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work +=item EXAMPLES -=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) +=item XS VERSION -=item Overloadable regex assertions +=item AUTHOR -=item Unicode +=back -=item use Thread for iThreads +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions -=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops +=over 4 -=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Typed lexicals for compiler +=over 4 -=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 +=item Conventions -=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler +C, C

, C, C -=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling +=item File Operations -=item Cleaning up exported namespace +=item File Input and Output -=item Complete signal handling +=item File Positioning -=item Out-of-source builds +=item Memory Management and String Handling -=item POSIX realtime support +=item Character Class Tests -=item UNIX98 support +=item F functions -=item IPv6 Support +=item Miscellaneous functions -=item Long double conversion +=back -=item Locales +=item SEE ALSO -=item Thread-safe regexes +=back -=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API -=item POSIX Unicode character classes +=over 4 -=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Security audit shipped utilities +=item Variables -=item Custom opcodes +=over 4 -=item DLL Versioning +=item Datatypes -=item Introduce @( and @) +=item What is an "IV"? -=item Floating point handling +=item Working with SVs -=item IV/UV preservation +=item Offsets -=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? -=item Automate module testing on CPAN +=item Working with AVs -=item sendmsg and recvmsg +=item Working with HVs -=item Rewrite perlre documentation +=item Hash API Extensions -=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles +=item AVs, HVs and undefined values -=item Document Win32 choices +=item References -=item Check new modules +=item Blessed References and Class Objects -=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself +=item Creating New Variables -=back +GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN -=item To do at some point +=item Reference Counts and Mortality -=over 4 +=item Stashes and Globs -=item Remove regular expression recursion +=item Double-Typed SVs -=item Memory leaks after failed eval +=item Magic Variables -=item pack "(stuff)*" +=item Assigning Magic -=item bitfields in pack +=item Magic Virtual Tables -=item Cross compilation +=item Finding Magic -=item Perl preprocessor / macros +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays -=item Perl lexer in Perl +=item Localizing changes -=item Using POSIX calls internally +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C -=item -i rename file when changed +=back -=item All ARGV input should act like EE +=item Subroutines -=item Support for rerunning debugger +=over 4 -=item Test Suite for the Debugger +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack -=item my sub foo { } +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs -=item One-pass global destruction +=item Memory Allocation -=item Rewrite regexp parser +=item PerlIO -=item Cache recently used regexps +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack -=item Re-entrant functions +=item Scratchpads -=item Cross-compilation support +=item Scratchpads and recursion -=item Bit-shifting bitvectors +=back -=item debugger pragma +=item Compiled code -=item use less pragma +=over 4 -=item switch structures +=item Code tree -=item Cache eval tree +=item Examining the tree -=item rcatmaybe +=item Compile pass 1: check routines -=item Shrink opcode tables +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding -=item Optimize away @_ +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation -=item Prototypes versus indirect objects +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization -=item Install HTML +=item Pluggable runops -=item Prototype method calls +=back -=item Return context prototype declarations +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions -=item magic_setisa +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported -=item Garbage collection +=over 4 -=item IO tutorial +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT -=item pack/unpack tutorial +=item So what happened to dTHR? -=item Rewrite perldoc +=item How do I use all this in extensions? -=item Install .3p manpages +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? -=item Unicode tutorial +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS -=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 +=back -=item Retargetable installation +=item Internal Functions -=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b -=item Rename Win32 headers +=over 4 -=item Finish off lvalue functions +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs -=item Update sprintf documentation +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer -=item Use fchown/fchmod internally +=item Source Documentation -=item Make v-strings overloaded objects +=item Backwards compatibility =back -=item Vague ideas +=item Unicode Support =over 4 -=item ref() in list context - -=item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context - -=item Compile to real threaded code - -=item Structured types +=item What B Unicode, anyway? -=item Modifiable $1 et al. +=item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string? -=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. +=item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters? -=item RPC modules +=item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings? -=item Attach/detach debugger from running program +=item How do I convert a string to UTF-8? -=item Alternative RE syntax module +=item Is there anything else I need to know? -=item GUI::Native +=back -=item foreach(reverse ...) +=item Custom Operators -=item Constant function cache +=item AUTHORS -=item Approximate regular expression matching +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Ongoing +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C =over 4 -=item Update guts documentation +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Add more tests +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program -=item Update auxiliary tools +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS -=back +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv -=item Recently done things +=item FLAG VALUES =over 4 -=item Safe signal handling +=item G_VOID -=item Tie Modules +=item G_SCALAR -=item gettimeofday +=item G_ARRAY -=item setitimer and getimiter +=item G_DISCARD -=item Testing __DIE__ hook +=item G_NOARGS -=item CPP equivalent in Perl +=item G_EVAL -=item Explicit switch statements +=item G_KEEPERR -=item autocroak +=item Determining the Context -=item UTF/EBCDIC +=back -=item UTF Regexes +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item perlcc to produce executable +=item EXAMPLES -=item END blocks saved in compiled output +=over 4 -=item Secure temporary file module +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned -=item Integrate Time::HiRes +=item Passing Parameters -=item Turn Cwd into XS +=item Returning a Scalar -=item Mmap for input +=item Returning a list of values -=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion +=item Returning a list in a scalar context -=item Add sockatmark support +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list -=item Mailing list archives +=item Using G_EVAL -=item Bug tracking +=item Using G_KEEPERR -=item Integrate MacPerl +=item Using call_sv -=item Web "nerve center" for Perl +=item Using call_argv -=item Regular expression tutorial +=item Using call_method -=item Debugging Tutorial +=item Using GIMME_V -=item Integrate new modules +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries -=item Integrate profiler +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information -=item Y2K error detection +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback -=item Regular expression debugger +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation + +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DATE + +=back + +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item "Gimme" Values + +GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID + +=item Array Manipulation Functions + +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +get_av, newAV, sortsv + +=item Callback Functions + +call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, +FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS + +=item Character classes + +isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER + +=item Cloning an interpreter + +perl_clone + +=item CV Manipulation Functions + +CvSTASH, get_cv + +=item Embedding Functions + +cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, +perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv + +=item Functions in file pp_pack.c + +packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str + +=item Global Variables + +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes + +=item GV Functions + +GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, +gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashpvn, gv_stashsv + +=item Handy Values + +Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv + +=item Hash Manipulation Functions + +get_hv, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, +HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_assert, hv_clear, hv_clear_placeholders, +hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, +hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, +hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_scalar, hv_store, hv_store_ent, +hv_undef, newHV + +=item Magical Functions + +mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, +SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, +SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE, SvUNLOCK + +=item Memory Management + +Copy, CopyD, Move, MoveD, New, Newc, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, +savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, savesvpv, StructCopy, Zero, ZeroD + +=item Miscellaneous Functions + +fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ, +strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking, +sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnormal, vnumify, +vstringify + +=item Numeric functions + +grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, +scan_hex, scan_oct + +=item Optree Manipulation Functions + +cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS + +=item Pad Data Structures + +pad_sv + +=item Stack Manipulation Macros + +dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, mPUSHi, mPUSHn, mPUSHp, mPUSHu, +mXPUSHi, mXPUSHn, mXPUSHp, mXPUSHu, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, +POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHmortal, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, +PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHmortal, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, +XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, +XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, +XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES + +=item SV Flags + +svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG + +=item SV Manipulation Functions -=item POD checker +get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, NEWSV, newSViv, +newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, +newSVuv, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, +SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW, +SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvIV_nomg, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, +SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, +SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, +SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, +SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, +SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, +SvPV_nolen, SvPV_nomg, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, +SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, +SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, +SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVx, SvUVX, SvUV_nomg, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, +sv_2iv_flags, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, +sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv_flags, sv_backoff, +sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, +sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpvn_nomg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, +sv_catsv_mg, sv_catsv_nomg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, +sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, +sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, +sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext, +sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, +sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, +sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, +sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, +sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, +sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, +sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, +sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setsv_nomg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, +sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, +sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, +sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, +sv_uv, sv_vcatpvf, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vcatpvf_mg, sv_vsetpvf, sv_vsetpvfn, +sv_vsetpvf_mg + +=item Unicode Support + +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, +is_utf8_string_loc, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8, +sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, +to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, +utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, +uvuni_to_utf8_flags + +=item Variables created by C and C internal functions + +ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dUNDERBAR, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, +RETVAL, ST, THIS, UNDERBAR, XS, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK + +=item Warning and Dieing + +croak, warn + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B + Perl functions + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE + +CvWEAKOUTSIDE + +=item Functions in file pad.h + +CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS, +PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH, +PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL, +PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR, +PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE, PAD_SV, PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV + +=item Functions in file pp_ctl.c + +find_runcv + +=item Global Variables + +PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, +PL_rs + +=item GV Functions + +is_gv_magical -=item "Dynamic" lexicals +=item IO Functions -=item Cache precompiled modules +start_glob + +=item Pad Data Structures + +CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon, +pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex, +pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new, +pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef + +=item Stack Manipulation Macros + +djSP, LVRET + +=item SV Manipulation Functions + +find_uninit_var, report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, +sv_free_arenas + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Deprecated Wishes +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Loop control on do{} +=item History and Background + +=item Basic Structure + +=item Layers vs Disciplines + +=item Data Structures + +=item Functions and Attributes + +=item Per-instance Data + +=item Layers in action. + +=item Per-instance flag bits + +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS -=item Lexically scoped typeglobs +=item Methods in Detail + +fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, +PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, +Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, +Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, +Set_ptrcnt -=item format BOTTOM +=item Utilities -=item report HANDLE +=item Implementing PerlIO Layers -=item Generalised want()/caller()) +C implementations, Perl implementations + +=item Core Layers -=item Named prototypes +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" -=item Built-in globbing +=item Extension Layers -=item Regression tests for suidperl +":encoding", ":scalar", ":via" -=item Cached hash values +=back -=item Add compression modules +=item TODO -=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references +=back -=item Remove distinction between functions and operators +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. -=item Make XS easier to use +=over 4 -=item Make embedding easier to use +=item SYNOPSIS -=item man for perl +=item DESCRIPTION -=item my $Package::variable +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B -=item "or" tests defined, not truth +=over 4 -=item "class"-based lexicals +=item Co-existence with stdio -=item byteperl +B, B, +B, B -=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal +=item "Fast gets" Functions -=item Make "use utf8" the default +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B -=item Unicode collation and normalization +=item Other Functions -=item Create debugging macros +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) =back @@ -4846,17 +4987,16 @@ NFS, rsync'ing the patches =item Why rsync the source tree -It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable +It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable =item Why rsync the patches It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour -=item Perlbug remote interface +=item Working with the source -1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3 -commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests +=item Perlbug administration =item Submitting patches @@ -4881,6 +5021,8 @@ Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack =item Millions of Macros +=item The .i Targets + =item Poking at Perl =item Using a source-level debugger @@ -4888,6 +5030,8 @@ Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish, 'enter', print +=item gdb macro support + =item Dumping Perl Data Structures =item Patching @@ -4899,7 +5043,19 @@ finish, 'enter', print =item Writing a test F, F, F, F, F, F, -F, F, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib +F, F, F, F, F, t/base t/comp, +t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib + +=item Special Make Test Targets + +coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind +check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third +utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 +check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness + +=item Running tests by hand + +PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST =back @@ -4917,7 +5073,9 @@ F, F, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree +=item valgrind + +=item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL @@ -4934,6 +5092,8 @@ DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, -z[ero] +=item Miscellaneous tricks + =item CONCLUSION I @@ -4944,303 +5104,302 @@ I =back -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item INTRODUCTION +=back -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List =over 4 -=item PUMPKIN? +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item assertions -=item THE RECORDS +=item iCOW -=over 4 +=item (?{...}) closures in regexps -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +=item A re-entrant regexp engine -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +=item pragmata -=back +=over 4 -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS +=item lexical pragmas + +=item use less 'memory' =back -=head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0 +=item prototypes and functions =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item _ prototype character -=item Highlights In 5.8.0 +=item inlining autoloaded constants -=item Incompatible Changes +=item Finish off lvalue functions + +=back + +=item Unicode and UTF8 =over 4 -=item 64-bit platforms and malloc +=item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation -=item AIX Dynaloading +=item UTF8 caching code -=item Attributes for C variables now handled at run-time. +=item Unicode in Filenames -=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS +=item Unicode in %ENV -=item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha +=back -=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} +=item Regexps -=item Perl Parser Stress Tested +=over 4 -=item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...) +=item regexp optimiser optional -=item Deprecations +=item common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) =back -=item Core Enhancements +=item POD =over 4 -=item PerlIO is Now The Default +=item POD -> HTML conversion still sucks -=item Signals Are Now Safe +=back -=item Unicode Overhaul +=item Misc medium sized projects -=item Understanding of Numbers +=over 4 -=item Miscellaneous Enhancements +=item UNITCHECK -=back +=item optional optimizer -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item You WANT *how* many -=over 4 +=item lexical aliases -=item New Modules and Pragmata +=item no 6 -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item IPv6 -=back +=item entersub XS vs Perl -=item Utility Changes +=item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple -=item New Documentation +=item bincompat functions -=item Performance Enhancements +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item Constant folding + +=back + +=item Tests =over 4 -=item Generic Improvements +=item Make Schwern poorer -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item test B + +=item common test code for timed bailout =back -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Installation =over 4 -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +=item compressed man pages -=back +=item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item Relocatable perl -=item Changed Internals +=item make HTML install work -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item put patchlevel in -v -=item New Tests +=back -=item Known Problems +=item Incremental things =over 4 -=item AIX +=item autovivification -=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery +=item fix tainting bugs -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item Make tainting consistent -=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 +=item Dual life everything -=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured +=back -=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured +=item Vague things -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=over 4 -=item Mac OS X +=item threads -=item OS/390 +=item POSIX memory footprint -=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 +=item Optimize away @_ -=item Failure of Thread tests +=item switch ops -=item UNICOS +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program -=item UTS +=item A decent benchmark -=item VMS +=item readpipe(LIST) -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +=item Self ties -=item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken +=back -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=back -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format. -=item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty +=over 4 -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item SYNOPSIS -=item The Long Double Support Is Still Experimental +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now +=item OPTIONS -=back +B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f> +I, B<-q> I, B<-T>, B<-d> +I, B<-o> I, B<-M> I, +B<-w> I or B<-w> I

    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates +a
tag) =back -=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling +=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: -=item DESCRIPTION +=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER -=item SEE ALSO +=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER -=back +B, 4, 5, 6.. -=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations +=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: -=over 4 +=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: -=item SYNOPSIS +=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL -=item DESCRIPTION +B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> -=over 4 +=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS -=item Declaration of overloaded functions +=back -=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations +=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: -FALSE, TRUE, C +=over 4 -=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations +=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS -=item Calling Conventions for Mutators +=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS -C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions +=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION -=item Overloadable Operations +=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS -I, I, I, -I, I, I, I, I, I +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML -=item Inheritance and overloading +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); -Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation -is inherited by derived classes +=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML =back -=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C +=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: =over 4 -=item Last Resort +=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG -=item Fallback +=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM -C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE +B, B -=item Copy Constructor +=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD -B +B -=back +=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD -=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION +=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD -I, I, -I, C, I, I, -I, I, I, I, -I +=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD -=item Losing overloading +B -=item Run-time Overloading +=item CREATING A POPUP MENU -=item Public functions +=item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP -overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) +=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST -=item Overloading constants +B -integer, float, binary, q, qr +=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES -=item IMPLEMENTATION +B -=item Metaphor clash +=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX -=item Cookbook +B -=over 4 +=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP -=item Two-face scalars +B -=item Two-face references +=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON -=item Symbolic calculator +B -=item I symbolic calculator +=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON -=back +=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON -=item AUTHOR +=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD -=item DIAGNOSTICS +B -Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable -type, `%s' is not a code reference +=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON + +B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment +type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE -=item BUGS +=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON =back -=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour +=item HTTP COOKIES -=over 4 +1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> -=item SYNOPSIS +=item WORKING WITH FRAMES -=item DESCRIPTION +1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the +document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in +the
tag -=back +=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS -=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling +=item DEBUGGING =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item OPTIONS +=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES -=over 4 +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B Return the script +name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B -=item SIGNAL HANDLERS +=item USING NPH SCRIPTS -B, B, B I +In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> +parameters -=item SIGNAL LISTS +=item Server Push -B, B, B +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() -=item OTHER +=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks -B, B, I, I +B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script +basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> -=back +=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL -=item EXAMPLES +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=back +=item CREDITS -=head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour +Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor +(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell +(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg +(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick +(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis +(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen +(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim +MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks +(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed +Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug +MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), +...and many many more.. -=over 4 +=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT -=item SYNOPSIS +=item BUGS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs +=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names +=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or +other) error log =over 4 @@ -8475,31 +11224,27 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES -=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source -code +=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Changing the default message -=over 4 +=back -=item Utility functions +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS -$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, CHECK]), -utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string) +=item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM -=back +=item AUTHORS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) +=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies =over 4 @@ -8507,37 +11252,33 @@ utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string) =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item USING CGI::Cookie -=head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features +B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Creating New Cookies -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser -C, C, C, C +=item Recovering Previous Cookies -=back +=item Manipulating Cookies -=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings +B, B, B, B, B -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS -use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), -warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), -warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), -warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), -warnings::warnif($object, $message) +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function +=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI =over 4 @@ -8545,31 +11286,29 @@ warnings::warnif($object, $message) =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION +=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE -=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs +=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS -=over 4 +=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS -=item SYNOPSIS +=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION -=over 4 +FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE -=item DBM Comparisons +=item CAVEATS -[0], [1], [2], [3] +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=back +=item BUGS =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand +=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code =over 4 @@ -8579,27 +11318,21 @@ warnings::warnif($object, $message) =over 4 -=item Subroutine Stubs - -=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine - -=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine - -=item Package Lexicals - -=item Not Using AutoLoader +=item Tags that won't be formatted -=item B vs. B +=item Customizing the Indenting =back -=item CAVEATS +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading +=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push =over 4 @@ -8607,153 +11340,181 @@ warnings::warnif($object, $message) =item DESCRIPTION -$keep, $check, $modtime +=item USING CGI::Push -=over 4 +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph -=item Multiple packages +=over 4 -=back +=item Heterogeneous Pages -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly =back -=head2 B - The Perl Compiler +=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item SYNOPSIS +=item BUGS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO -=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES +=back -=over 4 +=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch -=item SV-RELATED CLASSES +=over 4 -=item B::SV METHODS +=item SYNOPSIS -REFCNT, FLAGS +=item ABSTRACT -=item B::IV METHODS +=item DESCRIPTION -IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item B::NV METHODS +=item BUGS -NV, NVX +=item SEE ALSO -=item B::RV METHODS +=back -RV +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module -=item B::PV METHODS +=over 4 -PV, PVX +=item SYNOPSIS -=item B::PVMG METHODS +=item DESCRIPTION -MAGIC, SvSTASH +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION -=item B::MAGIC METHODS +=item SEE ALSO -MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR +=back -=item B::PVLV METHODS +=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites -TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG +=over 4 -=item B::BM METHODS +=item SYNOPSIS -USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE +=item STATUS -=item B::GV METHODS +=item DESCRIPTION -is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, -LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS +=over 4 -=item B::IO METHODS +=item Interactive Mode -LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, -BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS +Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, +install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or +distribution, ls author, Signals -=item B::AV METHODS +=item CPAN::Shell -FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS +=item autobundle -=item B::CV METHODS +=item recompile -STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, -CvFLAGS, const_sv +=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution -=item B::HV METHODS +=item Programmer's interface -FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples -=item OP-RELATED CLASSES +=item Methods in the other Classes -=item B::OP METHODS +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() -next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private +=item Cache Manager -=item B::UNOP METHOD +=item Bundles -first +=item Prerequisites -=item B::BINOP METHOD +=item Finding packages and VERSION -last +=item Debugging -=item B::LOGOP METHOD +=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode -other +=back -=item B::LISTOP METHOD +=item CONFIGURATION -children +Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE +EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist +optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE +[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> -=item B::PMOP METHODS +=over 4 -pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp +=item Note on urllist parameter's format -=item B::SVOP METHOD +=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support -sv, gv +=back -=item B::PADOP METHOD +=item SECURITY -padix +=item EXPORT -=item B::PVOP METHOD +=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES -pv +=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS -=item B::LOOP METHODS +=over 4 -redoop, nextop, lastop +=item Three basic types of firewalls -=item B::COP METHODS +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade -label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall =back -=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C +=item FAQ + +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) -main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, -sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), -walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), -ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), -threadsv_names +=item BUGS =item AUTHOR +=item TRANSLATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate -bytecode +=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization =over 4 @@ -8761,11 +11522,10 @@ bytecode =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode +=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS +module =over 4 @@ -8773,11 +11533,11 @@ bytecode =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHORS +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) =over 4 @@ -8785,33 +11545,43 @@ bytecode =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item Forcing a Stack Trace =back -=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item OPTIONS +=item $Carp::CarpLevel -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> +=item $Carp::MaxEvalLen -=item EXAMPLES +=item $Carp::MaxArgLen -=item BUGS +=item $Carp::MaxArgNums -=item AUTHORS +=item $Carp::Verbose =back -=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend +=back + +=over 4 + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside + +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree =over 4 @@ -8819,20 +11589,21 @@ B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +=item FUNCTIONS -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, -B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) -=item EXAMPLES +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES -=item BUGS +=item COPYRIGHT =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend +=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes =over 4 @@ -8840,35 +11611,30 @@ B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit> =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, -B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, -B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> - -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item The C function -=item DIFFERENCES +=item Class Creation at Compile Time -=over 4 +=item Element Types and Accessor Methods -=item Loops +Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or +C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) -=item Context of ".." +=item Initializing with C -=item Arithmetic +=back -=item Deprecated features +=item EXAMPLES -=back +Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 -=item AUTHOR +=item Author and Modification History =back -=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops +=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information =over 4 @@ -8876,124 +11642,329 @@ B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS - -B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, -B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, -B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names) -=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS +=item EXAMPLE -B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, -B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, -B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, -B<#classym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, -B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphenseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, -B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, -B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, -B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> +=item WARNING -=item ABBREVIATIONS +=item GLOSSARY =over 4 -=item OP flags abbreviations +=item _ -=item OP class abbreviations +C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> -=back +=item a -=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item AUTHOR +=item b -=back +C, C, C, C, C, C, C -=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops +=item c -=over 4 +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item SYNOPSIS +=item d -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item AUTHOR +=item e -=back +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code +=item f -=over 4 +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item SYNOPSIS +=item g -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item OPTIONS +=item h -B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-f>I, B<-s>I, B, BI, -B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE +=item i -=over 4 +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C -=item Synopsis +=item k -=item Description +C, C -=item new +=item l -=item ambient_pragmas +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits +=item m -=item coderef2text +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=back +=item M -=item BUGS +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item AUTHOR +=item n -=back +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C -=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode +=item o -=over 4 +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C -=item SYNOPSIS +=item p -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item P + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item q + +C, C + +=item r + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item s + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item AUTHOR +=item t -=back +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint +=item u -=over 4 +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item SYNOPSIS +=item v -=item DESCRIPTION +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C -=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS +=item x -B, B and B, B, -B, B, B, B, B +C -=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS +=item y -B<-u Package> +C, C -=item BUGS +=item z -=item AUTHOR +C, C =back -=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends +=item NOTE + +=back =over 4 @@ -9001,15 +11972,13 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item CONVENTIONS - -=item IMPLEMENTATION +dynamic, nonxs, static =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory =over 4 @@ -9017,25 +11986,31 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item getcwd and friends -=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend +getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd -=over 4 +=item abs_path and friends -=item SYNOPSIS +abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path -=item DESCRIPTION +=item $ENV{PWD} + +=back + +=item NOTES =item AUTHOR -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded +=back -=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops +=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, +subject to +change) =over 4 @@ -9043,21 +12018,26 @@ B<-u Package> =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Global Variables -=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs + $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, +@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, +$DB::lineno -=over 4 +=item API Methods -=item SYNOPSIS +CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), +CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Client Callback Methods -=item OPTIONS +CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), +CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), +CLIENT->output(LIST) -C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> +=back =item BUGS @@ -9065,7 +12045,7 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =back -=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks +=head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values =over 4 @@ -9073,69 +12053,67 @@ C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]> =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - -=back - -=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code +=item What is a DBM Filter? =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item So what's new? -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item METHODS =over 4 -=item Methods +=item $db->Filter_Push() -new, debug, iters +=item $db->Filter_Key_Push() -=item Standard Exports +=item $db->Filter_Value_Push() -timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), -timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( -TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) +Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push -=item Optional Exports +=item $db->Filter_Pop() -clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ -STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), -disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) +=item $db->Filtered() =back -=item NOTES +=item Writing a Filter -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item INHERITANCE +=item Immediate Filters -=item CAVEATS +=item Canned Filters -=item SEE ALSO +"name", params -=item AUTHORS +=back -=item MODIFICATION HISTORY +=item Filters Included -=back +utf8, encode, compress, int32, null -=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code +=item NOTES =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Maintain Round Trip Integrity -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file. -=item AUTHOR +=back + +=item EXAMPLE =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend +=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x =over 4 @@ -9143,309 +12121,307 @@ disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) =item DESCRIPTION -=item OPTIONS +B, B, B -B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>, -B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, -B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage> +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater -=item BUGS +=item Interface to Berkeley DB -=item AUTHORS +=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File + +=item Default Parameters + +=item In Memory Databases =back -=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class +=item DB_HASH =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item A Simple Example -=item ABSTRACT +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item DB_BTREE =over 4 -=item PROGRAMMING STYLE +=item Changing the BTREE sort order -=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES +=item Handling Duplicate Keys -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): +=item The get_dup() Method -=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE +=item The find_dup() Method -=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: +=item The del_dup() Method -=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: +=item Matching Partial Keys -=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: +=back -=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: +=item DB_RECNO -=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: +=over 4 -=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: +=item The 'bval' Option -=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: +=item A Simple Example -=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: +=item Extra RECNO Methods -=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: +B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> -=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: +=item Another Example -=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: +=back -=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS +=item THE API INTERFACE -=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE +B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = +$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, +$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, +$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> -B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, -B<:standard>, B<:all> +=item DBM FILTERS -=item PRAGMAS +B, B, B, +B --any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, --newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, --private_tempfiles +=over 4 -=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS +=item The Filter + +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a -
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a
tag) +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS +=item HINTS AND TIPS =over 4 -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: +=item Locking: The Trouble with fd -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER +=item Safe ways to lock a database -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER +B, B, B -B, 4, 5, 6.. +=item Sharing Databases With C Applications -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: +=item The untie() Gotcha -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: +=back -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL +=item COMMON QUESTIONS -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>), B<-base> +=over 4 -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS +=item Why is there Perl source in my database? -=back +=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: +=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? -=over 4 +=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS +=back -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS +=item REFERENCES -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION +=item HISTORY -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +=item BUGS -=item AUTOESCAPING HTML +=item AVAILABILITY -$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = -charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); +=item COPYRIGHT -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: +=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both +printing and C =over 4 -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG +=item SYNOPSIS -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM +=item DESCRIPTION -B, B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD +=item Methods -B +I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I +I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Reset -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD +=item Functions -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD +Dumper(I) -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD +=item Configuration Variables or Methods -B +=item Exports -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU +Dumper -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST +=back -B +=item EXAMPLES -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES +=item BUGS -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX +=item NOTE -B +=back -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP +=item AUTHOR -B +=item VERSION -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON +=item SEE ALSO -B +=back -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON +=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON +=over 4 -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON +=item PROFILE FORMAT -B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment -type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE +=item AUTOLOAD -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON +=item ENVIRONMENT -=back +=item BUGS -=item HTTP COOKIES +=item SEE ALSO -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> +=back -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES +=head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability -1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the tag +=over 4 -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item DEBUGGING +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS +=item Why use ppport.h? -=back +You should use F in modern code so that your code will work +with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, without significant +additional work. -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES +=item How to use ppport.h -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B Return the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, B +=item Running ppport.h -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS +=back -In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters +=item FUNCTIONS -=item Server Push +=over 4 -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() +=item WriteFile -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks +=back -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> +=item COMPATIBILITY -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item Provided Perl compatibility API -=item CREDITS +=item Perl API not supported by ppport.h -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. +perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, +perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, +perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004_04, perl 5.004 -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT +=back =item BUGS +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm +=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Runtime debugging -=item SEE ALSO +=item Memory footprint debugging =back -=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log +=item EXAMPLES =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item A simple scalar string -=item DESCRIPTION +=item A simple scalar number -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES +=item A simple scalar with an extra reference -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW +=item A reference to a simple scalar -=over 4 +=item A reference to an array -=item Changing the default message +=item A reference to a hash + +=item Dumping a large array or hash + +=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer + +=item A reference to a subroutine =back -=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS +=item EXPORTS -=item CHANGE LOG +=item BUGS -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies +=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module =over 4 @@ -9453,33 +12429,35 @@ other) error log =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Cookie +=back -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> +=head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests =over 4 -=item Creating New Cookies - -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser - -=item Recovering Previous Cookies +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Manipulating Cookies +=item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, B, B +I, I, I -=back +=item OO INTERFACE -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, +$ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( +$data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, +$ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest -=item BUGS +=item Digest speed =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm =over 4 @@ -9487,53 +12465,51 @@ B, B, B, B, B =item DESCRIPTION -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE - -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS - -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS +=item FUNCTIONS -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) -=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION +=item METHODS -FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), +$md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest -=item CAVEATS +=item EXAMPLES -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item SEE ALSO -=item BUGS +=item COPYRIGHT -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code +=head2 Digest::base - Digest base class =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item SYNPOSIS =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Tags that won't be formatted +=back -=item Customizing the Indenting +=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles -=back +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHOR +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTES =back -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push +=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. =over 4 @@ -9541,179 +12517,182 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =item DESCRIPTION -=item USING CGI::Push +=over 4 --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph +=item Creation -=over 4 +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, +stopDbSignal -=item Heterogeneous Pages +=item Methods -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly +dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, +compactDump, veryCompact, set, get =back -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS +=back -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item SEE ALSO +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, +@dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), +dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), +dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), +dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap() + +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch +=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into +Perl code =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Migration from C -=item SEE ALSO +=item Backward compatible boilerplate =back -=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module +=item Order of initialization: early load() =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The most hairy case -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item LIMITATIONS -=item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites +=head2 Encode - character encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - =over 4 -=item Interactive Mode +=item Table of Contents -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, ls author, Signals +=back -=item CPAN::Shell +=item DESCRIPTION -=item autobundle +=over 4 + +=item TERMINOLOGY -=item recompile +=back -=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution +=item PERL ENCODING API -=item Programmer's interface +$octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING, +$octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, +CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, +CHECK]); -expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples +=over 4 -=item Methods in the other Classes +=item Listing available encodings -CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), -CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), -CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), -CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), -CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), -CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), -CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), -CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), -CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), -CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), -CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), -CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), -CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), -CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), -CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), -CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), -CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), -CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), -CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), -CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), -CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), -CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), -CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), -CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), -CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), -CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() +=item Defining Aliases -=item Cache Manager +=back -=item Bundles +=item Encoding via PerlIO -=item Prerequisites +=item Handling Malformed Data -=item Finding packages and VERSION +B Not all encoding suppport this feature, I = +Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I = +Encode::FB_QUIET, I = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I = +Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML +charref mode (I = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask -=item Debugging +=over 4 -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode +=item Unimplemented fallback schemes =back -=item CONFIGURATION +=item Defining Encodings -Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE -EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist -optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE -[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> +=item The UTF-8 flag + +Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4: =over 4 -=item Note on urllist parameter's format +=item Messing with Perl's Internals -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING) =back -=item SECURITY +=item SEE ALSO -=item EXPORT +=item MAINTAINER -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES +=back -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +=head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings =over 4 -=item Three basic types of firewalls +=item SYNOPSIS -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: + +=over 4 + +=item Alias overloading =back -=item FAQ +=item SEE ALSO -1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) +=back -=item BUGS +=head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item TRANSLATIONS +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization +=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* + +=head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings =over 4 @@ -9721,22 +12700,33 @@ http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade =item DESCRIPTION +=item NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module +=head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN + +=head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode + +=head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) +=head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class =over 4 @@ -9746,70 +12736,79 @@ module =over 4 -=item Forcing a Stack Trace +=item Methods you should implement + +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) + +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings + +-Ename, -Erenew, -Erenewed, -Eperlio_ok(), +-Eneeds_lines() + +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 =back -=item BUGS +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? + +=over 4 + +=item Compiled Encodings =back -=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside +=item SEE ALSO + +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes -=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree +=back + +=head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=item FUNCTIONS +=item DESCRIPTION -the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) -=item CAUTIONARY NOTES +=item CAVEATS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item TO DO -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes +=head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 - -=item The C function +=item ABSTRACT -=item Class Creation at Compile Time +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods +=item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)? -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) +=item BUGS -=item Initializing with C +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item EXAMPLES - -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 - -=item Author and Modification History +=head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP* -=back +=head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information +=head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings =over 4 @@ -9817,351 +12816,210 @@ Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 =item DESCRIPTION -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) - -=item EXAMPLE - -=item WARNING +=item BUGS -=item GLOSSARY +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=back -=item _ +=head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> +=head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding -=item a +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item SYNOPSIS -=item b +=item ABSTRACT -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item c +=item BUGS -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item SEE ALSO -=item d +=back -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO -=item e +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=item Overview -=item f +=item How does it work? -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item Line Buffering -=item g +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? -=item h +=back -C, C, C, C +=item SEE ALSO -=item i +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode -=item k +=over 4 -C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item l +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Encoding Names -=item m +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Supported Encodings -=item M +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item Built-in Encodings -=item n +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -=item o +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) -=item p +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Miscellaneous encodings -=item P +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=back -=item q +=item Unsupported encodings -C, C + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -=item r +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) -=item s +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -=item t +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item u +=item Glossary -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 -=item v +=item See Also -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item References -=item x +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary -C, C +=over 4 -=item y +=item Other Notable Sites -C, C +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -=item z +=item Offline sources -C, C +C by Ken Lunde =back -=item NOTE - =back -=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory +=head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=over 4 +=item DESCRIPTION -=item getcwd and friends +=item SEE ALSO -getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd +=back -=item abs_path and friends +=head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings -abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path +=over 4 -=item $ENV{PWD} +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION =item NOTES +=item BUGS + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) +=head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT + +L says:, Quick Reference + +=item Size, Endianness, and BOM =over 4 -=item Global Variables +=item by size - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno +=item by endianness -=item API Methods +BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() +=back -=item Client Callback Methods +=item Surrogate Pairs -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) +=item Error Checking + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item BUGS +=head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item In Practice + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to +encodings =over 4 @@ -10169,317 +13027,363 @@ CLIENT->output(LIST) =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: =over 4 -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater +=item Alias overloading -=item Interface to Berkeley DB +=back -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File +=item SEE ALSO -=item Default Parameters +=back -=item In Memory Databases +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- +Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* -=back +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by +Encode::CN -=item DB_HASH +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by +Encode -=over 4 +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode +Implementation Base Class -=item A Simple Example +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item DB_BTREE +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Changing the BTREE sort order +=item Methods you should implement -=item Handling Duplicate Keys +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) -=item The get_dup() Method +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings -=item The find_dup() Method +-Ename, -Erenew, -Erenewed, -Eperlio_ok(), +-Eneeds_lines() -=item The del_dup() Method +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 -=item Matching Partial Keys +=back + +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? + +=over 4 + +=item Compiled Encodings =back -=item DB_RECNO +=item SEE ALSO + +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes + +=back + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from +data =over 4 -=item The 'bval' Option +=item SYNOPSIS -=item A Simple Example +=item ABSTRACT -=item Extra RECNO Methods +=item DESCRIPTION -B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, -length, elements);> +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) -=item Another Example +=item CAVEATS + +=item TO DO + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item THE API INTERFACE +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by +Encode::JP::2022_JP* -B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used +by Encode::JP -=item DBM FILTERS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally +used by Encode::KR -B, B, B, -B +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' +and 'Q' header encoding =over 4 -=item The Filter +=item SYNOPSIS -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item ABSTRACT -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item HINTS AND TIPS +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document +on Encode and PerlIO =over 4 -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd +=item Overview -=item Safe ways to lock a database +=item How does it work? -B, B, B +=item Line Buffering -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications +=over 4 -=item The untie() Gotcha +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? =back -=item COMMON QUESTIONS +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=back -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings +supported by Encode -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? +=over 4 -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? +=over 4 + +=item Encoding Names =back -=item REFERENCES +=item Supported Encodings -=item HISTORY +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item Built-in Encodings -=item AVAILABILITY +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -=item SEE ALSO +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -=item AUTHOR +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) + +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN + +=item Miscellaneous encodings + +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C +=item Unsupported encodings -=over 4 + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) =over 4 -=item Methods +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I -I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Reset +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS -=item Functions +=back -Dumper(I) +=item Glossary -=item Configuration Variables or Methods +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useperl I $I->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I $I->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deparse I $I->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>) +=item See Also -=item Exports +=item References -Dumper +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary -=back +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item Other Notable Sites -=item BUGS +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -=item AUTHOR +=item Offline sources -=item VERSION +C by Ken Lunde -=item SEE ALSO +=back =back -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 +encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item PROFILE FORMAT - -=item AUTOLOAD - -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item ABSTRACT -=item BUGS +=item In Practice =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability +=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT + +=item Description =over 4 -=item WriteFile +=item Predefined Methods -=back +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=item ppport.h +=item Example: base64 transcoder -=item AUTHOR +=item Operator Overloading + +=back =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer +=head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in +non-ascii or non-utf8 =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT =over 4 -=item Runtime debugging +=item Literal Conversions -=item Memory footprint debugging +=item PerlIO layers for C + +=item Implicit upgrading for byte strings =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1 -=over 4 +"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle -=item A simple scalar string +=item USAGE -=item A simple scalar number +use encoding [I] ;, use encoding I [ STDIN =E +I ...] ;, use encoding I Filter=E1;, no encoding; -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference +=item The Filter Option -=item A reference to a simple scalar +=over 4 -=item A reference to an array +=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87 -=item A reference to a hash +=back -=item Dumping a large array or hash +=item CAVEATS -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer +=over 4 -=item A reference to a subroutine +=item NOT SCOPED + +=item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS + +=item tr/// with ranges + +Legend of characters above =back -=item EXPORTS +=item EXAMPLE - Greekperl -=item BUGS +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -=item AUTHOR +literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format + +=over 4 + +=item The Logic of :locale + +=back + +=item HISTORY =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module +=head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=back +=item ABSTRACT -=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests +=item Description =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Predefined Methods -=item DESCRIPTION +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -I, I, I +=item Example: base64 transcoder -=item OO INTERFACE +=item Operator Overloading -$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = -Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), -$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest +=back =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm +=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation +variables =over 4 @@ -10487,26 +13391,26 @@ $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest =item DESCRIPTION -=item FUNCTIONS +=item PERFORMANCE -md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) +=back -=item METHODS +=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or +arrays -$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), -$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item SYNOPSIS -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION -=item COPYRIGHT +=item LIMITATIONS -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles +=head2 Errno - System errno constants =over 4 @@ -10514,11 +13418,15 @@ $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest =item DESCRIPTION -=item NOTES +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. +=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules =over 4 @@ -10528,42 +13436,41 @@ $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest =over 4 -=item Creation - -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal +=item How to Export -=item Methods +=item Selecting What To Export -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get +=item How to Import -=back +C, C, C =back -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=item Advanced features =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Specialised Import Lists -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Exporting without using Exporter's import method -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() +=item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter -=item AUTHOR +=item Module Version Checking + +=item Managing Unknown Symbols + +=item Tag Handling Utility Functions + +=item Generating combined tags + +=item Ced Constants =back -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code +=back + +=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts =over 4 @@ -10571,11 +13478,10 @@ Perl code =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 Encode - character encodings +=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in +Makefiles etc. =over 4 @@ -10583,121 +13489,115 @@ Perl code =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item TERMINOLOGY - =back -=item ENCODINGS +cat -=over 4 +eqtime src dst -=item Characteristics of an Encoding +rm_rf files... -=item Types of Encodings +rm_f files... -Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, -Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings +touch files .. -=item Specifying Encodings +mv source... destination -1. By name, 2. As an object +cp source... destination -=item Encoding Names +chmod mode files.. -The MIME name as defined in IETF RFCs, The name in the IANA registry, The -name used by the organization that defined it +mkpath directory.. -=back +test_f file -=item PERL ENCODING API +dos2unix =over 4 -=item Generic Encoding Interface +=item BUGS -=item Handling Malformed Data +=item SEE ALSO -Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes +=item AUTHOR -=item UTF-8 / utf8 +=back -=item Other Encodings of Unicode +=head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles -=item Listing available encodings +=over 4 -=item Defining Aliases +=item SYNOPSIS -As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code -reference, e.g.: +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Defining Encodings +B =back -=item Encoding and IO +B -=item Encoding How to ... +B -IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 -strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules +B -=item Messing with Perl's Internals +B + +=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants -is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) +=over 4 -=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES +=item SYNOPSIS --Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), --Edecode($octets,$check) +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item USAGE -=item Compiled Encodings +IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF -.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other -variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 +=item FUNCTIONS =back -=item SEE ALSO +C_stringify NAME -=back +perl_stringify NAME -=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables -of the Encode extension +constant_types -=over 4 +memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT -=item DESCRIPTION +assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE.. -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B +return_clause -=item KEYWORDS +switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. -=item COPYRIGHT +params WHAT -=back +dump_names + +dogfood -=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings +C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item +def_post, utf8 -=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=over 4 +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER -=item DESCRIPTION +WriteMakefileSnippet -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B +WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, +BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME -=item KEYWORDS +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation -variables +=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications =over 4 @@ -10705,26 +13605,22 @@ variables =item DESCRIPTION -=item PERFORMANCE - -=back - -=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or -arrays +=item @EXPORT -=over 4 +=item FUNCTIONS -=item SYNOPSIS +xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), +ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXAMPLES -=item LIMITATIONS +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Errno - System errno constants +=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there =over 4 @@ -10732,56 +13628,58 @@ arrays =item DESCRIPTION -=item CAVEATS +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item Functions -=item COPYRIGHT +B =back -=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules +=back -=over 4 +B I -=item SYNOPSIS +B -=item DESCRIPTION +B + +_autosplit =over 4 -=item How to Export +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item Selecting What To Export +B -=item Specialised Import Lists +=item AUTHOR -=item Exporting without using Export's import method +=item LICENSE -=item Module Version Checking +=back -=item Managing Unknown Symbols +=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules -=item Tag Handling Utility Functions +=over 4 -=item Ced Constants +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item USAGE -=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts +=item FUNCTIONS -=over 4 +new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), +packlist(), version() -=item SYNOPIS +=item EXAMPLE -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in -Makefiles etc. +=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them =over 4 @@ -10789,39 +13687,44 @@ Makefiles etc. =item DESCRIPTION -=back +For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For +dynamic extensions at load time -cat +=over 4 -eqtime src dst +=item EXTRALIBS -rm_rf files... +=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH -rm_f files... +=item BSLOADLIBS -touch files .. +=back -mv source... destination +=item PORTABILITY -cp source... destination +=over 4 -chmod mode files.. +=item VMS implementation -mkpath directory.. +=item Win32 implementation -test_f file +=back -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item BUGS +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods =over 4 @@ -10829,74 +13732,88 @@ test_f file =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE +=item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods -IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF +installvars -=item FUNCTIONS +=back + +os_flavor_is + +dir_target B + +blibdirs_target (o) + +=over 4 + +=item File::Spec wrappers + +catfile =back -C_stringify NAME +=over 4 + +=item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods -constant_types +B -memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT +=back -assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE.. +B -return_clause +init_VERSION -switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. +wraplist -params WHAT +manifypods -dump_names +manifypods_target -dogfood +makemakerdflt_target -C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item -def_post +special_targets -XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +POD2MAN_macro -autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER +test_via_harness -WriteMakefileSnippet +test_via_script -WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, -BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +libscan -=over 4 +tool_autosplit -=item AUTHOR +all_target -=back +metafile_target -=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications +signature_target -=over 4 +metafile_addtomanifest_target -=item SYNOPSIS +signature_addtomanifest_target -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item @EXPORT +=item Abstract methods -=item FUNCTIONS +oneliner, B, B, max_exec_len, +B, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform, +platform_constants -xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), -ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) +=back -=item EXAMPLES +os_flavor -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10906,7 +13823,12 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules +os_flavor (o) + +init_linker + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10914,20 +13836,17 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE - -=item FUNCTIONS +os_flavor (o) -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() +=back -=item EXAMPLE +cflags (o) -=item AUTHOR +replace_manpage_separator (o) -=back +init_linker -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -10935,34 +13854,27 @@ packlist(), version() =item DESCRIPTION -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions - =over 4 -=item EXTRALIBS +=item Overridden methods -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH +os_flavor -=item BSLOADLIBS +=back =back -=item PORTABILITY +B =over 4 -=item VMS implementation - -=item Win32 implementation - -=back +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic =over 4 @@ -10970,8 +13882,6 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive - =back =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in @@ -10985,42 +13895,16 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =back -catfile +os_flavor -constants (o) +init_platform (o), platform_constants -static_lib (o) +const_cccmd (o) -dynamic_bs (o) +static_lib (o) dynamic_lib (o) -canonpath - -perl_script - -pm_to_blib - -test_via_harness (o) - -tool_autosplit (override) - -tools_other (o) - -xs_o (o) - -top_targets (o) - -htmlifypods (o) - -manifypods (o) - -dist_ci (o) - -dist_core (o) - -pasthru (o) - =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -11032,11 +13916,15 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item METHODS +init_dist (o) + =back -perl_archive_after +init_linker -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker +os_flavor + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -11044,40 +13932,54 @@ perl_archive_after =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - =over 4 -=item Preloaded methods +=item Overridden methods -canonpath +os_flavor =back =back -catdir +B -catfile +=over 4 -curdir +=item AUTHOR -rootdir +=item SEE ALSO -updir +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item SYNOPSIS -c_o (o) +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Methods + +os_flavor (o) =back +c_o (o) + cflags (o) clean (o) +clean_subdirs_target + const_cccmd (o) const_config (o) @@ -11088,7 +13990,9 @@ constants (o) depend (o) -dir_target (o) +init_DEST + +init_dist dist (o) @@ -11098,9 +14002,23 @@ dist_ci (o) dist_core (o) -dist_dir (o) +B -dist_test (o) +B + +B + +B + +zipfile_target + +uutardist_target + +shdist_target + +distdir + +dist_test dlsyms (o) @@ -11114,10 +14032,10 @@ exescan extliblist -file_name_is_absolute - find_perl +find_tests + =over 4 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile @@ -11132,20 +14050,34 @@ guess_name has_link_code -htmlifypods (o) - init_dirscan +init_DIRFILESEP + init_main init_others +init_INST + +init_INSTALL + +init_linker + +init_lib2arch + +init_PERL + +init_platform (o), platform_constants (o) + +init_PERM + +init_xs + install (o) installbin (o) -libscan (o) - linkext (o) lsdir @@ -11156,30 +14088,22 @@ makeaperl (o) makefile (o) -manifypods (o) - maybe_command -maybe_command_in_dirs - needs_linking (o) nicetext -parse_version - parse_abstract -pasthru (o) +parse_version -path +pasthru (o) perl_script perldepend (o) -ppd - perm_rw (o) perm_rwx (o) @@ -11192,6 +14116,8 @@ post_initialize (o) postamble (o) +ppd + prefixify processPL (o) @@ -11200,8 +14126,18 @@ quote_paren realclean (o) +realclean_subdirs_target + replace_manpage_separator +oneliner (o) + +quote_literal + +escape_newlines + +max_exec_len + static (o) static_lib (o) @@ -11214,16 +14150,16 @@ subdirs (o) test (o) -test_via_harness (o) - -test_via_script (o) +test_via_harness (override) -tool_autosplit (o) +test_via_script (override) tools_other (o) tool_xsubpp (o) +all_target + top_targets (o) writedoc @@ -11234,12 +14170,6 @@ xs_cpp (o) xs_o (o) -perl_archive - -perl_archive_after - -export_list - =over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -11265,11 +14195,9 @@ wraplist =back -rootdir (override) - =over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item Methods guess_name (override) @@ -11277,37 +14205,39 @@ guess_name (override) find_perl (override) -path (override) - maybe_command (override) -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) - perl_script (override) -file_name_is_absolute (override) - replace_manpage_separator +init_DEST + +init_DIRFILESEP + +init_main (override) + init_others (override) +init_platform (override) + +platform_constants + +init_VERSION (override) + constants (override) +special_targets + cflags (override) const_cccmd (override) -pm_to_blib (override) - -tool_autosplit (override) - tool_sxubpp (override) -xsubpp_version (override) - tools_other (override) -dist (override) +init_dist (override) c_o (override) @@ -11315,8 +14245,6 @@ xs_c (override) xs_o (override) -top_targets (override) - dlsyms (override) dynamic_lib (override) @@ -11325,8 +14253,6 @@ dynamic_bs (override) static_lib (override) -manifypods (override) - processPL (override) installbin (override) @@ -11335,13 +14261,11 @@ subdir_x (override) clean (override) -realclean (override) - -dist_basics (override) +clean_subdirs_target -dist_core (override) +realclean (override) -dist_dir (override) +zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o) dist_test (override) @@ -11351,16 +14275,34 @@ perldepend (override) makefile (override) -test (override) - -test_via_harness (override) +find_tests (override) -test_via_script (override) +test (override) makeaperl (override) nicetext (override) +prefixify (override) + +oneliner (o) + +B (o) + +quote_literal + +escape_newlines + +max_exec_len + +init_linker (o) + +eliminate_macros + +fixpath + +os_flavor + =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -11368,47 +14310,103 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Overridden methods + +B + +=back + +replace_manpage_separator + +B + +B + +B + +B + +init_platform (o), platform_constants (o) + +special_targets (o) + +static_lib (o) + +dynamic_lib (o) + +clean + +init_linker + +perl_script + +xs_o (o) + +pasthru (o) + +oneliner (o) + +max_exec_len + +os_flavor + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Overriden methods + +dist_test =back -catfile - -constants (o) +=back -static_lib (o) +subdir_x -dynamic_bs (o) +xs_c -dynamic_lib (o) +xs_cpp -canonpath +xs_o -perl_script +clean_subdirs_target -pm_to_blib +realclean_subdirs_target -test_via_harness (o) +max_exec_len -tool_autosplit (override) +os_flavor -tools_other (o) +=over 4 -xs_o (o) +=item AUTHOR -top_targets (o) +=back -htmlifypods (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization -manifypods (o) +=over 4 -dist_ci (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -dist_core (o) +=item DESCRIPTION -pasthru (o) +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile =over 4 @@ -11441,39 +14439,51 @@ pasthru (o) =item Using Attributes and Parameters ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, -MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, -NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, +EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, +FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, +INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, +INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, +INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, +INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, +LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, +MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, +OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, +PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, -PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT, -PRINT_PREREQ, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, -XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, +PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, +VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION =item Additional lowercase attributes -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, +test, tool_autosplit =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming + +C< ' '>> + =item Hintsfile support =item Distribution Support make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci + make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make +uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci + +=item Module Meta-Data =item Disabling an extension +=item Other Handy Functions + +prompt + =back =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -11484,6 +14494,92 @@ PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT =item AUTHORS +=item LICENSE + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About +MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Module Installation + +How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without +installing it? + +=item Philosophy and History + +Why not just use ?, What is +Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no +shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft + +=item Module Writing + +How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's +this F thing and how did it get in my F?! + +=item XS + +How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter +Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same +directory? + +=back + +=item PATCHING + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The Mantra + +=item The Layout + +Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP, +bin/ + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + =back =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file @@ -11494,16 +14590,50 @@ PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +mkmanifest + +=back + +=back + +manifind + +manicheck + +filecheck + +fullcheck + +skipcheck + +maniread + +manicopy + +maniadd + +=over 4 + +=item MANIFEST + =item MANIFEST.SKIP =item EXPORT_OK =item GLOBAL VARIABLES +=back + +=over 4 + =item DIAGNOSTICS -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I +C I, C I, C I, +C I<$!>, C I =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -11634,6 +14764,10 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR + +=item HISTORY + =back =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles @@ -11696,7 +14830,7 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =back -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree +=head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree. =over 4 @@ -11704,10 +14838,24 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =item DESCRIPTION +B, B + +=over 4 + +=item %options + C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C +=item The wanted function + +C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current +filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete +pathname to the file + +=back + =item WARNINGS =item CAVEAT @@ -11716,6 +14864,8 @@ $dont_use_nlink, symlinks =item NOTES +=item BUGS AND CAVEATS + =item HISTORY =back @@ -11750,6 +14900,8 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item DIAGNOSTICS + =item AUTHORS =back @@ -11770,11 +14922,11 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs +=head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs =over 4 @@ -11782,25 +14934,27 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =item DESCRIPTION -devnull - =back -tmpdir +canonpath -path +file_name_is_absolute -canonpath() +tmpdir (override) -splitpath +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs -splitdir +=over 4 -catpath +=item SYNOPSIS -abs2rel +=item DESCRIPTION -rel2abs() +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +canonpath() =over 4 @@ -11884,6 +15038,8 @@ rel2abs =item DESCRIPTION +tmpdir, splitpath + =back =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec @@ -12025,6 +15181,12 @@ catpath =over 4 +=item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers + +=back + +=over 4 + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -12043,6 +15205,18 @@ catpath =over 4 +=item OO INTERFACE + +B + +=back + +B + +B + +=over 4 + =item FUNCTIONS B @@ -12091,6 +15265,10 @@ B =back +B + +B + =over 4 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES @@ -12127,6 +15305,8 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + =item NOTE =item AUTHOR @@ -12141,6 +15321,10 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION +cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR + +=item CAVEATS + =item BUGS =back @@ -12316,7 +15500,8 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item Summary of Option Specifications -!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ] +!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ], : I [ I ], : ++ [ I ] =back @@ -12326,6 +15511,8 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item Object oriented interface +=item Thread Safety + =item Documentation and help texts =item Storing options in a hash @@ -12343,9 +15530,14 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always -(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +(default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help +(default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) +=item Exportable Methods + +VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage + =item Return values and Errors =item Legacy @@ -12364,13 +15556,13 @@ prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) =over 4 -=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option - =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly +=item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called + =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? =back @@ -12381,8 +15573,20 @@ supplied =back -=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch -clustering +=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches +with switch clustering + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item C<--help> and C<--version> + +=back + +=head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines =over 4 @@ -12390,6 +15594,30 @@ clustering =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Restricted hashes + +lock_keys, unlock_keys + +=back + +=back + +lock_value, unlock_value + +B, B + +B + +=over 4 + +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current @@ -12434,6 +15662,9 @@ the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) +the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function +implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... ) + =over 4 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING @@ -12448,6 +15679,26 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =back +=head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages =over 4 @@ -12460,88 +15711,93 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =item LIST OF LANGUAGES -{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : -Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], -{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : -Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : -Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : -Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : -Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], -[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : -Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, -{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : -Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu -(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak -(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : -Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : -Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : -Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : -Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, -[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], -[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : -Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} -: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : -Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, -{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : -Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and -pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], -[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles -and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : -Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default -(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} -: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : -Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, -{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, -{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English -(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : -Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : -Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} -: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : -Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, -{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, -{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), -{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : -Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : -Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : -Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, +{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : +Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : +Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, +{ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], +{am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, +{arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} +: Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : +Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : +Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} +: Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : +Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} +: Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : +Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : +Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber +(Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, +{bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : +Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : +Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian +(Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central +American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], +{ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} +: Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : +Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : +Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, +{mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} +: French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based +Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : +Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : +Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) +Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, +{dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, +{dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} +: Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : +English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English +(ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : +Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} +: Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : +Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French +(ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : +Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, +{lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, +{de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High +German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} +: Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient +Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : +Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, -{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, -{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], -{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language -Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} -: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : -Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : -Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, -{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : -Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : -Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} -: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, -{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, -{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : -Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} -: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, -{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : -Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : -Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : -Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, -{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : -Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, -{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo -languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : -Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} -: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : -Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : -Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} -: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : -Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : -Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : +{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, +{ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European +(Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua +(International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : +Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : +Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian +languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : +Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, +{kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : +Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} +: Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, +{kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, +{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, +{i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : +Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, +{kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : +Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : +Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : +Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban +(Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} +: Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, +{mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, +{mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : +Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : +Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : +Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, +[{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : +Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : +Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], +{lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple +languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, +{na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, +{ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, -{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, -{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} -: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, -{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, -{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian +{nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : +Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : +Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} +: Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : +Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian @@ -12551,34 +15807,37 @@ Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan -languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], -{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : -Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, -[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, -{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, -{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : -Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], -{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : -Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern -Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} -: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : -Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : -Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : -Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} -: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} -: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, -{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga -(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : -Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish -(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, -{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : -Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : -Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], -{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, -{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, -{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik -languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : -Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni +languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : +Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, +[{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : +Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, +{sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, +{srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign +Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : +Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave +(Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, +{sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : +Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : +South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : +Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, +{sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : +Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, +{tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : +Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : +Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, +{tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, +{ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : +Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} +: Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : +Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, +{umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : +Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} +: Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} +: Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private +Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : +Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} +: Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, +{zun} : Zuni =item SEE ALSO @@ -12618,6 +15877,8 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION +=item DEPRECATED + =back =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles @@ -12629,7 +15890,7 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO @@ -12653,7 +15914,8 @@ new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( +[LAYER] ) =item SEE ALSO @@ -12769,7 +16031,7 @@ new ( [ HANDLES ] ) add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE @@ -12867,7 +16129,7 @@ handles =item DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO @@ -12891,7 +16153,8 @@ new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode( +[LAYER] ) =item SEE ALSO @@ -13010,7 +16273,7 @@ new ( [ HANDLES ] ) add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE @@ -13248,6 +16511,8 @@ set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST +=item KNOWN BUGS + =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -13266,6 +16531,8 @@ general-utility list subroutines first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST +=item KNOWN BUGS + =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -13281,8 +16548,11 @@ general-utility scalar subroutines =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF + +=item KNOWN BUGS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -13302,7 +16572,7 @@ EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency =item AUTHOR @@ -13316,40 +16586,28 @@ Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION B, B, B -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) -=back - -=over 4 - =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back +=item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES =over 4 -=item CODE ALIASING +=item alias_code -=back +=item rename_country -=over 4 +=back =item EXAMPLES @@ -13359,10 +16617,10 @@ C, C =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, -http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, +Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO +3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html, http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, -http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html =item AUTHOR @@ -13377,41 +16635,26 @@ identification (ISO 4217) =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION XTS, XXX -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES code2currency(), currency2code() -=back - -=over 4 - =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back - -=over 4 - =item EXAMPLES =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995, +http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency =item AUTHOR @@ -13426,39 +16669,23 @@ Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES code2language(), language2code() -=back - -=over 4 - =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back - -=over 4 - =item EXAMPLES =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html =item AUTHOR @@ -13467,7 +16694,7 @@ http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html =back -=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization +=head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization =over 4 @@ -13556,6 +16783,46 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =back +=head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item SPECIAL CODES + +=back + +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES + +code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) + +=item QUERY ROUTINES + +C, C + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924, +http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/ + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings =over 4 @@ -13564,7 +16831,7 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =item DESCRIPTION -encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) +encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str) =item DIAGNOSTICS @@ -13574,6 +16841,8 @@ Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding @@ -13585,10 +16854,13 @@ of quoted-printable strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode), +decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable @@ -13600,10 +16872,13 @@ strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode), +decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package @@ -13637,12 +16912,22 @@ ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale =item Autocreating constants +=over 4 + +=item Math library + +=item Using Math::BigInt::Lite + +=back + =item BUGS -=item CAVEAT +=item CAVEATS stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow +=item SEE ALSO + =item LICENSE =item AUTHORS @@ -13657,7 +16942,122 @@ stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow =item DESCRIPTION -Canonical notation, Input, Output +Input, Output + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item config + +=item accuracy + +=item precision + +=item brsft + +=item new + +=item bnan + +=item bzero + +=item binf + +=item bone + +=item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf() + +=item is_pos()/is_neg() + + $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0 + $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0 + +=item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int() + +=item bcmp + +=item bacmp + +=item sign + +=item digit + +=item bneg + +=item babs + +=item bnorm + +=item bnot + +=item binc + +=item bdec + +=item badd + +=item bsub + +=item bmul + +=item bdiv + +=item bmod + +=item bmodinv + +=item bmodpow + +=item bpow + +=item blsft + +=item brsft + +=item band + +=item bior + +=item bxor + +=item bnot + +=item bsqrt + +=item bfac + +=item round + +=item bround + +=item bfround + +=item bfloor + +=item bceil + +=item bgcd + +=item blcm + +=item exponent + +=item mantissa + +=item parts + +=item copy + +=item as_int + +=item bsstr + +=item as_hex + +=item as_bin + +=back =item ACCURACY and PRECISION @@ -13678,6 +17078,10 @@ Remarks =back +=item Infinity and Not a Number + +oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2() + =item INTERNALS =over 4 @@ -13696,54 +17100,187 @@ Remarks =item Autocreating constants -=item PERFORMANCE +=item PERFORMANCE + +=over 4 + +=item Alternative math libraries + +=item SUBCLASSING + +=back + +=item Subclassing Math::BigInt + +=item UPGRADING + +=over 4 + +=item Auto-upgrade + +bsqrt(), div(), blog() + +=back + +=item BUGS + +broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior +5.6.0 + +=item CAVEATS + +bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, +Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, +bsqrt(), brsft() + +=item LICENSE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item STORAGE + +=item METHODS + +=item WRAP YOUR OWN + +=item LICENSE + +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item __emu_bxor + +=item __emu_band + +=item __emu_bior + +=back + +=item LICENSE + +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item MATH LIBRARY + +=back + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item new() + +=item numerator() + +=item denominator() + + $d = $x->denominator(); + +=item parts() + +=item as_int() + +=item as_hex() + +=item as_bin() + +=item bfac() + +=item blog() + +=item bround()/round()/bfround() -=over 4 +=item bmod() -=item Alternative math libraries +=item is_one() -=back +=item is_zero() -=item BUGS +=item is_pos() -Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0 +=item is_neg() -=item CAVEATS +=item is_int() -stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity -handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object -types, bsqrt() +=item is_odd() -=item LICENSE +=item is_even() -=item SEE ALSO +=item bceil() -=item AUTHORS +=item bfloor() -=back + $x->bfloor(); -=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt +=item bsqrt() -=over 4 + $x->bsqrt(); -=item SYNOPSIS +=item config -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item EXPORT +=item BUGS -=item WRAP YOUR OWN +inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented +except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(), +blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial) =item LICENSE -This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it -under -the same terms as Perl itself. +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHORS -=item SEE ALSO - =back =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical @@ -13830,7 +17367,7 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time +=head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time =over 4 @@ -13948,23 +17485,6 @@ Storable use =back -=head2 Memoize::Saves - Plug-in module to specify which return values -should be memoized - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CAVEATS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database =over 4 @@ -13995,7 +17515,8 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method +redispatch =over 4 @@ -14009,6 +17530,10 @@ C, C, C =item Avoiding repetitions +=item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call + +=item Using C methods + =back =item AUTHOR @@ -14036,7 +17561,7 @@ dataend () debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), -ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot () +ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh () =item EXPORTS @@ -14095,23 +17620,23 @@ hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () =item CONSTRUCTOR -new (HOST [,OPTIONS]) +new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) =item METHODS login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), -site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) -ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME -), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ), -mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( -REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] -), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, -REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( -CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR -] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( -FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, -DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), -pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () +site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME +), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, +RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( +[ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), +put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE +] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), +size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ +BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), +stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), +pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( +SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), +abort (), quit () =over 4 @@ -14128,7 +17653,7 @@ bytes_read (), abort (), close () =item UNIMPLEMENTED -B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B +B, B, B, B, B, B, B =item REPORTING BUGS @@ -14138,7 +17663,7 @@ B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B =item USE EXAMPLES -http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz +http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/ =item CREDITS @@ -14161,11 +17686,12 @@ new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) =item METHODS article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( -[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] -), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( -USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( -SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave -(), quit () +[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ +MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] +), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), +postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, +DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), +post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit () =over 4 @@ -14193,7 +17719,7 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =back -=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081) +=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939) =over 4 @@ -14201,18 +17727,17 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES - =item CONSTRUCTOR -new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] ) +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0 =item METHODS -user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER, -PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, -FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( -MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () +auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER +[, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities +(), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] +), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] +), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item NOTES @@ -14236,17 +17761,22 @@ MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item Functions -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, -pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos +]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( +[ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host +[, $timeout]); =back -=item WARNING - =item NOTES -=item AUTHOR(S) +=item INSTALL + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -14264,17 +17794,19 @@ pingecho($host [, $timeout]); =item CONSTRUCTOR -new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] +new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] ) =item METHODS -banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME, -PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( -ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, -ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( -ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ -DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), -quit () +banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( +USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), +send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( +ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] +), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), +data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ +$subject ] ), quit () + +=item ADDRESSES =item SEE ALSO @@ -14509,6 +18041,8 @@ login (), password (), account (), lpa () =item IMPLEMENTATION +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -14648,17 +18182,17 @@ cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, -fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, -getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, -getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, -iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, -isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, -longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, -memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, -opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, -qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, -rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, -setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, +fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, +geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, +getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, +isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, +isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, +log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, +memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, +offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, +putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, +rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, +setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, @@ -14674,7 +18208,7 @@ wctomb, write =item POSIX::SigAction -new +new, handler, mask, flags, safe =item POSIX::SigSet @@ -14752,7 +18286,8 @@ Constants =item WAIT -Constants, Macros +Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, +WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG =back @@ -14765,12 +18300,20 @@ name space =item DESCRIPTION -unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw +:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32 =over 4 +=item Custom Layers + +:encoding, :via + +=item Alternatives to raw + =item Defaults and how to override them +=item Querying the layers of filehandles + =back =item AUTHOR @@ -14779,7 +18322,19 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =back -=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO. +=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO =over 4 @@ -14787,9 +18342,11 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =item DESCRIPTION +=item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE + =back -=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl +=head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl =over 4 @@ -14797,14 +18354,19 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =item DESCRIPTION +=item EXPECTED METHODS + $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), -$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), -$class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), +$obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), +$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) +=item EXAMPLES + =over 4 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle @@ -14813,6 +18375,24 @@ $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) =back +=head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item REQUIRED MODULES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors =over 4 @@ -14849,12 +18429,13 @@ after =back =item Warnings -multiple occurence of link target I, line containing nothing but +multiple occurrence of link target I, line containing nothing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, -Verbatim paragraph in NAME section +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI without preceding higher +level =item Hyperlinks @@ -14878,6 +18459,8 @@ C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, C<$checker-Enum_errors()> +C<$checker-Enum_warnings()> + C<$checker-Ename()> C<$checker-Enode()> @@ -14950,9 +18533,9 @@ C<-inc =E 1>, C<-dirs =E [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E =item ARGUMENTS -backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, -infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, -title, verbose +backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir, +htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, +quiet, recurse, title, verbose =item EXAMPLE @@ -15348,7 +18931,7 @@ escape EE%sE, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back -=head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an LEE formatting code in POD text +=head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LEE formatting code in POD text =over 4 @@ -15356,6 +18939,8 @@ escape EE%sE, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE @@ -15705,6 +19290,163 @@ I|I =back +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod! + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +alt, indent, loose, sentence, width + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, +Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back + +=item RESTRICTIONS + +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod. =over 4 @@ -15840,13 +19582,13 @@ B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> =item DESCRIPTION -alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width +alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width =item DIAGNOSTICS Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: -%s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph -"%s", %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d: +%s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s, +%s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back =item RESTRICTIONS @@ -15898,8 +19640,8 @@ text =back -=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII -text with format escapes +=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format +escapes =over 4 @@ -15943,45 +19685,7 @@ C<-pathlist> =item AUTHOR -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - -=back - -=head2 Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in -translators. - -=over 4 - -=item HEADINGS - -=item This C a "level 1" heading - -=over 4 - -=item ``Level'' "2 I - -=back - -=item This C a "level 1" heading - -=over 4 - -=item ``Level'' 2 I - -=back - -=item LINKS - -=item OVER AND ITEMS - -This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", B, C, Some longer item -text - -=item FORMATTING CODES - -E, E, E, E, E, E - -=item VERBATIM +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS =back @@ -16048,8 +19752,11 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF + +=item KNOWN BUGS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -16115,10 +19822,16 @@ EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =over 4 -=item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX +=item Caveats + +=item Escaping Magic Characters + +=item Configuration =back +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -16133,14 +19846,14 @@ socket.h defines and structure manipulators =item DESCRIPTION inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, -INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in -SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in -SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, -pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN +INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT, +ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, +unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un +SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =back -=head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures +=head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures =over 4 @@ -16156,6 +19869,12 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION +=item CODE REFERENCES + +=item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY + +utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable + =item ERROR REPORTING =item WIZARDS ONLY @@ -16178,15 +19897,21 @@ C =back +=item Storable magic + =item EXAMPLES =item WARNING =item BUGS -=item CREDITS +=over 4 -=item TRANSLATIONS +=item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1 + +=back + +=item CREDITS =item AUTHOR @@ -16224,7 +19949,7 @@ C =item BUGS -=item LIMITATION +=item LIMITATIONS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -16238,6 +19963,8 @@ C =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + =back =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname @@ -16262,8 +19989,8 @@ interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls =item DESCRIPTION openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, -setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), -closelog +setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added +in 5.004_02), closelog =item EXAMPLES @@ -16283,8 +20010,8 @@ Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls =item DESCRIPTION openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, -setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), -closelog +setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added +in 5.004_02), closelog =item EXAMPLES @@ -16320,7 +20047,7 @@ ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED =item AUTHORS -=item LICENSE +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back @@ -16380,8 +20107,8 @@ EtabE, ^D, ^U, EdelE, EbsE =back -=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. If -no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. +=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. +If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. =over 4 @@ -16391,8 +20118,8 @@ no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. =item Minimal set of supported functions -C, C, C, C, C, $C, -C, C, Attribs, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, Attribs, C =item Additional supported functions @@ -16414,11 +20141,14 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item QUICK START GUIDE + =over 4 =item Functions -B +C, C I>, C [I<1,5,14>]>, +C sub { ... }>, C \&some_sub> =back @@ -16426,7 +20156,9 @@ B B<_to_value> -B +C + +C, I)> =over 4 @@ -16438,7 +20170,9 @@ NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS =item BUGS and CAVEATS -=item TODO +=item ENVIRONMENT + +=item NOTE =item SEE ALSO @@ -16464,6 +20198,8 @@ B =back +B + =over 4 =item Setting up tests @@ -16478,144 +20214,377 @@ B B -B +B + +B + +=over 4 + +=item Running tests + +B + +=back + +B, B + +B, B + +B, B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +=over 4 + +=item Test style + +B + +=back + +B + +B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Output + +B + +=back + +B<_print> + +B<_print_diag> + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Test Status and Info + +B + +=back + +B + +B
+ +B + +B + +B<_sanity_check> + +B<_whoa> + +B<_my_exit> + +=over 4 + +=item EXIT CODES + +=item THREADS + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics + +=over 4 + +=item VERSION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The test script output + +B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B + +=item Taint mode + +=item Configuration variables. + +B<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches> + +=item Failure + +B, B, B, B, B, B, B + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=back + +B<_all_ok> + +B<_globdir> + +B<_run_all_tests> + +B<_mk_leader> + +B<_leader_width> + +=over 4 + +=item EXPORT + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +C, C, C, C, C, C + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item LICENSE + +=item TODO + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item new() + +=item next() + +=back + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Construction + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item C<_init> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Analysis + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=back + +=back =over 4 -=item Running tests - -B +=item C =back -B, B - -B +=over 4 -B +=item C -B +=back =over 4 -=item Test style - -B +=item C<_command_line( $file )> =back -B +=over 4 -B, B +=item C<_command> -=over 4 +=back -=item Output +=over 4 -B +=item C<_switches> =back -B<_print> +=over 4 -B, B, B +=item C<_cleaned_switches> -=over 4 +=back -=item Test Status and Info +=over 4 -B +=item C<_INC2PERL5LIB> =back -B +=over 4 -B
I, B +=item C<_filtered_INC> -B +=back -B<_sanity_check> +=over 4 -B<_whoa> +=item C<_restore_PERL5LIB> -B<_my_exit> +=back =over 4 -=item EXAMPLES - -=item SEE ALSO +=item Parsing -=item AUTHORS +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item C<_is_comment> =back -=head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics +=back =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item C<_is_header> -=item DESCRIPTION +=back =over 4 -=item The test script output - -B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B, -B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B, -B, B, B, B +=item C<_is_test> -=item Failure - -B, B, B, B, B, B, B +=back -=item Functions +=over 4 -B +=item C<_is_bail_out> =back -=back +=over 4 -B<_all_ok> +=item C<_reset_file_state> -B<_globdir> +=back -B<_run_all_tests> +=over 4 -B<_mk_leader> +=item Results =over 4 -=item EXPORT +=item C<_detailize> -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=back -C, C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=over 4 -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C +=item EXAMPLES -=item EXAMPLE +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHORS - -=item TODO - -=item BUGS - =back =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts @@ -16648,6 +20617,10 @@ B, B B +B + +B + B B @@ -16656,6 +20629,14 @@ B, B =over 4 +=item Diagnostics + +B + +=back + +=over 4 + =item Module tests B @@ -16672,7 +20653,9 @@ B =back -B +B, B + +When do I use SKIP vs. TODO? =over 4 @@ -16690,12 +20673,19 @@ B =over 4 -=item NOTES +=item Extending and Embedding Test::More -=item BUGS and CAVEATS +B + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item EXIT CODES + +=item CAVEATS and NOTES -Making your own ok(), The eq_* family have some caveats, Test::Harness -upgrades +Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade =item HISTORY @@ -16703,6 +20693,8 @@ upgrades =item AUTHORS +=item BUGS + =item COPYRIGHT =back @@ -16812,6 +20804,10 @@ L =item C +=item C + +[0], [1], [2] + =item C C $listref>, C $listref>, C $str>, @@ -16922,7 +20918,7 @@ unexpand(1) =back -=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl +=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only) =over 4 @@ -16979,9 +20975,12 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =back =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably +(for old code) =over 4 +=item CAVEAT + =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION @@ -17019,6 +21018,74 @@ SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST =back +=head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item Option Format + +=back + +=item Public Methods + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C, C, C, and C + +=item C + +=back + +=item Tying to an already-opened filehandle + +=item Deferred Writing + +=over 4 + +=item Autodeferring + +=back + +=item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SUBCLASSING + +=item WHAT ABOUT C? + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LICENSE + +=item WARRANTY + +=item THANKS + +=item TODO + +=back + =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles @@ -17039,7 +21106,8 @@ EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this =back -=head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes +=head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for +tied hashes =over 4 @@ -17048,14 +21116,37 @@ EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this =item DESCRIPTION TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR +this, SCALAR this -=item CAVEATS +=item Inheriting from B + +=item Inheriting from B + +=item C, C and C =item MORE INFORMATION =back +=head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Inheriting from B + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys =over 4 @@ -17112,20 +21203,29 @@ timers gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), -alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer, -getitimer ( $which ) +alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( +$which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( +$which ) =item EXAMPLES =item C API +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item negative time not invented yet + +=item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...) + +=back + =item CAVEATS =item AUTHORS -=item REVISION - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back @@ -17137,10 +21237,24 @@ getitimer ( $which ) =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Ambiguous Local Times (DST) + +=item Non-Existent Local Times (DST) + +=item Negative Epoch Values + +=back + =item IMPLEMENTATION =item BUGS +=item SUPPORT + +=item AUTHOR + =back =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() @@ -17193,12 +21307,15 @@ function =item DESCRIPTION -$obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD -), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ) +C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C, +C, C<$obj>, C, C, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<< +CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C, C + +=item EXPORTS =back -=head2 Unicode::Collate - use UCA (Unicode Collation Algorithm) +=head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm =over 4 @@ -17210,36 +21327,55 @@ $obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD =item Constructor and Tailoring -alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization, -overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName, -undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower +UCA_Version, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreName, ignoreChar, +level, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, +table, undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower, +variable, alternate -=item Other methods +=item Methods for Collation C<@sorted = $Collator-Esort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ecmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Eeq($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ene($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Elt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ele($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Egt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ege($a, $b)>, -C<$sortKey = $Collator-EgetSortKey($string)>, C<$position = -$Collator-Eindex($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) = -$Collator-Eindex($string, $substring)> +C<$sortKey = $Collator-EgetSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm = +$Collator-EviewSortKey($string)> + +=item Methods for Searching + +C<$position = $Collator-Eindex($string, $substring[, $position])>, +C<($position, $length) = $Collator-Eindex($string, $substring[, +$position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-Ematch($string, $substring)>, +C<($match) = $Collator-Ematch($string, $substring)>, C<@match = +$Collator-Egmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count = +$Collator-Esubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count = +$Collator-Egsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)> + +=item Other Methods + +C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-Echange(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version = +$Collator-Eversion()>, C, C =item EXPORT =item CAVEAT +=item Conformance Test + =back =item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L +Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation +Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable +Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15, L =back -=head2 Unicode::Normalize - normalized forms of Unicode text +=head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms =over 4 @@ -17247,12 +21383,38 @@ Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L =item DESCRIPTION -C<$string_NFD = NFD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFC = NFC($raw_string)>, -C<$string_NFKD = NFKD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFKC = NFKC($raw_string)>, -C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)> - =over 4 +=item Normalization Forms + +C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>, +C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>, +C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>, +C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)> + +=item Decomposition and Composition + +C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string = +decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string = +reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)> + +=item Quick Check + +C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result = +checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result = +checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result = +check($form_name, $string)> + +=item Character Data + +C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>, +C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>, +C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>, +C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion = +isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>, +C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>, +C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)> + =item EXPORT =back @@ -17261,7 +21423,9 @@ C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)> =item SEE ALSO -L, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/ +http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, +http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt, +http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/ =back @@ -17395,38 +21559,7 @@ March 18th, 2000 =back -=head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions - -Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(), -Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(), -Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE), -Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(), -Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), -Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), -Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), -Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, -PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown, -Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), -Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, -SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), -Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(), -Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), -Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, -PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) - -=back - -=back - -=head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl +=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =over 4 @@ -17434,23 +21567,23 @@ PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) =item DESCRIPTION -=back - =over 4 -=item NOTES +=item Migration from C -=item AUTHOR +=item Backward compatible boilerplate =back -=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=item Order of initialization: early load() =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The most hairy case -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item LIMITATIONS =item AUTHOR @@ -17465,21 +21598,29 @@ don't all have manual pages yet: =item a2p -=item s2p +=item c2ph -=item find2perl +=item dprofpp =item h2ph -=item c2ph - =item h2xs -=item xsubpp +=item perlbug + +=item perldoc + +=item pl2pm + +=item pod2html =item pod2man -=item wrapsuid +=item s2p + +=item splain + +=item xsubpp =back