X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperltoc.pod;h=0610509af914dc69813a33e9214be661b8b1a0a2;hb=363c40c40eaf5d0cfd92f460a3f838c41f9756ad;hp=6e045f4ffd22884a328eb76bdec618f32b112d65;hpb=248e172a5c70a92f68eb1fb746fb20e71358b43b;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perltoc.pod b/pod/perltoc.pod index 6e045f4..0610509 100644 --- a/pod/perltoc.pod +++ b/pod/perltoc.pod @@ -1,4 +1,8 @@ +# !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!! +# This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods. +# Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes. + =head1 NAME perltoc - perl documentation table of contents @@ -29,6 +33,8 @@ through to locate the proper section you're looking for. =item Miscellaneous +=item Language-Specific + =item Platform-Specific =back @@ -101,274 +107,270 @@ Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features =back -=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2001/11/19 -17:09:37 $) +=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? -=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ. +=item The Solution -=item L: General Questions About Perl +=item Syntax -=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl +=over 4 -=item L: Programming Tools +=item Making References -=item L: Data Manipulation +=item Using References -=item L: Files and Formats +=item An Example -=item L: Regexps +=item Arrow Rule -=item L: General Perl Language Issues +=back -=item L: System Interaction +=item Solution -=item L: Networking +=item The Rest -=back +=item Summary -=item About the perlfaq documents +=item Credits =over 4 -=item Where to get the perlfaq - -=item How to contribute to the perlfaq - -=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the -authors +=item Distribution Conditions =back -=item Credits +=back -=item Author and Copyright Information +=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook =over 4 -=item Bundled Distributions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Disclaimer +arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, +more elaborate constructs -=back +=item REFERENCES -=item Changes +=item COMMON MISTAKES -1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, -24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, -Initial Release: 11/March/97 +=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE -=back +=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C -=head2 perlbook - Perl book information +=item DEBUGGING -=over 4 +=item CODE EXAMPLES -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS -=over 4 +=back -=item Declarations +=item HASHES OF ARRAYS -=item Simple statements +=over 4 -=item Compound statements +=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Loop Control +=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item For Loops +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS -=item Foreach Loops +=back -=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements +=item ARRAYS OF HASHES -=item Goto +=over 4 -=item PODs: Embedded Documentation +=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) +=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES -=back +=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES =back -=head2 perldata - Perl data types +=item HASHES OF HASHES =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES -=over 4 +=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Variable names +=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES -=item Context +=back -=item Scalar values +=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Scalar value constructors +=over 4 -=item List value constructors +=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS -=item Slices +=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS -=item Typeglobs and Filehandles +=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS =back +=item Database Ties + =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence +=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) +=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays -=item The Arrow Operator +=item Growing Your Own -=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement +=item Access and Printing -=item Exponentiation +=item Slices -=item Symbolic Unary Operators +=back -=item Binding Operators +=item SEE ALSO -=item Multiplicative Operators +=item AUTHOR -=item Additive Operators +=back -=item Shift Operators +=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start -=item Named Unary Operators +=over 4 -=item Relational Operators +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Equality Operators +=item The Guide -=item Bitwise And +=over 4 -=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or +=item Simple word matching -=item C-style Logical And +=item Using character classes -=item C-style Logical Or +=item Matching this or that -=item Range Operators +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching -=item Conditional Operator +=item Extracting matches -=item Assignment Operators +=item Matching repetitions -=item Comma Operator +=item More matching -=item List Operators (Rightward) +=item Search and replace -=item Logical Not +=item The split operator -=item Logical And +=back -=item Logical or and Exclusive Or +=item BUGS -=item C Operators Missing From Perl +=item SEE ALSO -unary &, unary *, (TYPE) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Quote and Quote-like Operators +=over 4 -=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators +=item Acknowledgments -?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, -qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, -s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, -y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, -C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, -C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of -regular expressions +=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial -=item I/O Operators +=over 4 -=item Constant Folding +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Bitwise String Operators +=item Part 1: The basics -=item Integer Arithmetic +=over 4 -=item Floating-point Arithmetic +=item Simple word matching -=item Bigger Numbers +=item Using character classes -=back +=item Matching this or that + +=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching + +=item Extracting matches + +=item Matching repetitions + +=item Building a regexp + +=item Using regular expressions in Perl =back -=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines +=item Part 2: Power tools =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item More on characters, strings, and character classes -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Compiling and saving regular expressions -=over 4 +=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression -=item Private Variables via my() +=item Non-capturing groupings -=item Persistent Private Variables +=item Looking ahead and looking behind -=item Temporary Values via local() +=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking -=item Lvalue subroutines +=item Conditional expressions -=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) +=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression -=item When to Still Use local() +=item Pragmas and debugging -=item Pass by Reference +=back -=item Prototypes +=item BUGS -=item Constant Functions +=item SEE ALSO -=item Overriding Built-in Functions +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Autoloading +=over 4 -=item Subroutine Attributes +=item Acknowledgments =back -=item SEE ALSO - =back -=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions +=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial =over 4 @@ -376,361 +378,271 @@ regular expressions =over 4 -=item Perl Functions by Category +=item If we could talk to the animals... -Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, -Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, -Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed -length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, -Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related -to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process -groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and -object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess -communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network -info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted -in perl5 +=item Introducing the method invocation arrow -=item Portability - -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions +=item Invoking a barnyard -I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept -NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, -binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, -bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, -chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr -NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir -DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, -defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, -dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval -BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, -fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock -FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, -getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority -WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname -NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname -NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, -getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, -gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, -sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent -STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, -endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, -glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep -EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index -STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join -EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, -lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen -SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log, -lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, -mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv -ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, -next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open -FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE, -opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR : ATTRIBUTES, -pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe -READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE -LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, -LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, -qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, -rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, -recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename -OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, -return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex -STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar -EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select -FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl -ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send -SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority -WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, -shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, -shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep -EXPR, sleep, sockatmark SOCKET, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort -BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice -ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split -/PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf -FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, -substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr -EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek -FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite -FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, -syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie -VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, -ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack -TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, -use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, -values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn -LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// +=item The extra parameter of method invocation -=back +=item Calling a second method to simplify things -=back +=item Inheriting the windpipes -=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references +=item A few notes about @ISA -=over 4 +=item Overriding the methods -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Starting the search from a different place -=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures? +=item The SUPER way of doing things -=item The Solution +=item Where we're at so far... -=item Syntax +=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? -=over 4 +=item Invoking an instance method -=item Making References +=item Accessing the instance data -=item Using References +=item How to build a horse -=back +=item Inheriting the constructor -=item An Example +=item Making a method work with either classes or instances -=item Arrow Rule +=item Adding parameters to a method -=item Solution +=item More interesting instances -=item The Rest +=item A horse of a different color =item Summary -=item Credits - -=over 4 +=back -=item Distribution Conditions +=item SEE ALSO -=back +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook +=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, -more elaborate constructs +=item Creating a Class -=item REFERENCES +=over 4 -=item COMMON MISTAKES +=item Object Representation -=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE +=item Class Interface -=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C +=item Constructors and Instance Methods -=item DEBUGGING +=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors -=item CODE EXAMPLES +=item Destructors -=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS +=item Other Object Methods + +=back + +=item Class Data =over 4 -=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Accessing Class Data -=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Debugging Methods -=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS +=item Class Destructors + +=item Documenting the Interface =back -=item HASHES OF ARRAYS +=item Aggregation + +=item Inheritance =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Overridden Methods -=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item Multiple Inheritance -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS +=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects =back -=item ARRAYS OF HASHES +=item Alternate Object Representations =over 4 -=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES - -=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Arrays as Objects -=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES +=item Closures as Objects =back -=item HASHES OF HASHES +=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods =over 4 -=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES - -=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Autoloaded Data Methods -=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES +=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods =back -=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS +=item Metaclassical Tools =over 4 -=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS - -=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Class::Struct -=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS +=item Data Members as Variables =back -=item Database Ties +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item Object Terminology + +=back =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=over 4 + +=item Acknowledgments =back -=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start +=back + +=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Guide +=item Class Data in a Can + +=item Class Data as Package Variables =over 4 -=item Simple word matching +=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket -=item Using character classes +=item Inheritance Concerns -=item Matching this or that +=item The Eponymous Meta-Object -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=item Indirect References to Class Data -=item Extracting matches +=item Monadic Classes -=item Matching repetitions +=item Translucent Attributes -=item More matching +=back -=item Search and replace +=item Class Data as Lexical Variables -=item The split operator +=over 4 + +=item Privacy and Responsibility + +=item File-Scoped Lexicals + +=item More Inheritance Concerns + +=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key + +=item Translucency Revisited =back -=item BUGS +=item NOTES =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 - -=item Acknowledgments +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=back +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format +=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item OO SCALING TIPS -=item Ordinary Paragraph +=item INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Verbatim Paragraph +=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES -=item Command Paragraph +=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE -C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item -I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end -I>, C<=for I I> +=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS -=item Formatting Codes +=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used -for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, -Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null -(zero-effect) formatting code +=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM -=item The Intent +=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE -=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules +=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT -=item Hints for Writing Pod +=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR -=back +=item DELEGATION =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR - =back -=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and -notes +=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Pod Definitions - -=item Pod Commands - -"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", -"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..." - -=item Pod Formatting Codes - -CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, -CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for -filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a -null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, -CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text -contains non-breaking spaces - -=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors - -=item About LE...E Codes +=back -First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: +=head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet -=item About =over...=back Regions +=over 4 -=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions +=item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR +=item The sheet =back -=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -744,7 +656,7 @@ First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: =item Awk Traps -=item C Traps +=item C/C++ Traps =item Sed Traps @@ -791,7 +703,7 @@ Precedence Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, -Regular Expression +Regular Expression, Regular Expression =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps @@ -819,52 +731,42 @@ LIMIT specified =back -=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter +=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item use strict -=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems +=item Looking at data and -w and v -OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS +=item help -=item Location of Perl +=item Stepping through code -=item Command Switches +=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T -B<-0>[I], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, -B<-D>I, B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, -B<-h>, B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], -B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, -B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, -B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>, -B<-x> I +=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS -=back +=item OUTPUT TIPS -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item CGI -HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL -(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, -PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to -the VMS port) +=item GUIs -=back +=item SUMMARY -=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=item AUTHOR -=item DESCRIPTION +=item CONTRIBUTORS =back -=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings +=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2003/01/31 +17:37:17 $) =over 4 @@ -872,126 +774,112 @@ the VMS port) =over 4 -=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings - -=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> - -=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line - -B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> - -=item Backward Compatibility - -=item Category Hierarchy +=item Where to get the perlfaq -=item Fatal Warnings +=item How to contribute to the perlfaq -=item Reporting Warnings from a Module +=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the +authors =back -=item TODO +=item Credits -=item SEE ALSO +=item Author and Copyright Information -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=back +=item Bundled Distributions -=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial +=item Disclaimer -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Table of Contents -=item use strict +perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2 +- Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4 +- Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular +Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System +Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking -=item Looking at data and -w and w +=item The Questions -=item help +=over 4 -=item Stepping through code +=item L: General Questions About Perl -=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T +=item L: Obtaining and Learning about Perl -=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS +=item L: Programming Tools -=item OUTPUT TIPS +=item L: Data Manipulation -=item CGI +=item L: Files and Formats -=item GUIs +=item L: Regular Expressions -=item SUMMARY +=item L: General Perl Language Issues -=item SEE ALSO +=item L: System Interaction -=item AUTHOR +=item L: Networking -=item CONTRIBUTORS +=back =back -=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging +=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date: +2003/07/09 15:47:28 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item The Perl Debugger - =over 4 -=item Debugger Commands +=item What is Perl? -h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n -[expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, --, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr, -b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname -[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line] -command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O -option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> -command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! -cmd, @ file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man -[manpage] +=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? -=item Configurable Options +=item Which version of Perl should I use? -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item What are perl4 and perl5? -=item Debugger input/output +=item What is Ponie? -Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame -listing +=item What is perl6? -=item Debugging compile-time statements +=item How stable is Perl? -=item Debugger Customization +=item Is Perl difficult to learn? -=item Readline Support +=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, +Scheme, or Tcl? -=item Editor Support for Debugging +=item Can I do [task] in Perl? -=item The Perl Profiler +=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? -=back +=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? -=item Debugging memory usage +=item What is a JAPH? -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? -=item BUGS +=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version +5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language? =back -=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.20 $, +$Date: 2003/01/26 17:50:56 $) =over 4 @@ -999,378 +887,359 @@ listing =over 4 -=item Predefined Names +=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? -$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', -$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, -HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, -IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, -HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, -IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, -IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, -$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, -HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, -HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, -HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, -@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as -C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> -is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as -C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), -$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, -IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, -$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, -$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, -$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, -$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, -$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), -$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, -$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, -${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, -0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, -$BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, -${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, -$ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr} +=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? -=item Error Indicators +=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? -=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names +=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts +don't work. -=back +=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic +loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? -=item BUGS +=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? +What does CPAN/src/... mean? -=back +=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? -=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl +=item Where can I get information on Perl? -=over 4 +=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where should I post source code? -=over 4 +=item Perl Books -=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays +References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics -=item Growing Your Own +=item Perl in Magazines -=item Access and Printing +=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access -=item Slices +=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? -=back +=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc -=item SEE ALSO +=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? -=item AUTHOR +=item Where do I send bug reports? + +=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? =back -=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.33 $, $Date: 2003/01/31 +17:34:56 $) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Open E la shell - =over 4 -=item Simple Opens +=item How do I do (anything)? -=item Pipe Opens +=item How can I use Perl interactively? -=item The Minus File +=item Is there a Perl shell? -=item Mixing Reads and Writes +=item How do I find which modules are installed on my system? -=item Filters +=item How do I debug my Perl programs? -=back +=item How do I profile my Perl programs? -=item Open E la C +=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? -=over 4 +=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? -=item Permissions E la mode +=item Is there a ctags for Perl? -=back +=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? -=item Obscure Open Tricks +Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl, +GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, +MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha -=over 4 +=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? -=item Re-Opening Files (dups) +=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? -=item Dispelling the Dweomer +=item How can I use curses with Perl? -=item Paths as Opens +=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? -=item Single Argument Open +=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? -=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT +=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? -=back +=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? -=item Other I/O Issues +Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and +stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk -=over 4 +=item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data? -=item Opening Non-File Files +=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? -=item Binary Files +=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? -=item File Locking +=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? -=back +=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I compile Perl into Java? -=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT +=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? -=item HISTORY +=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? -=back +=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? -=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C +=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? -=over 4 +=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] -=item The Basic Principle +=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in +my C program; what am I doing wrong? -=item Packing Text +=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? -=item Packing Numbers +=item What's MakeMaker? -=over 4 +=back -=item Integers +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=item Unpacking a Stack Frame +=back -=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net +=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.44 $, $Date: 2003/07/28 +17:35:21 $) -=item Floating point Numbers +=over 4 -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Exotic Templates +=item Data: Numbers =over 4 -=item Bit Strings +=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the +numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? -=item Uuencoding +=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? -=item Doing Sums +=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? +Trig functions? -=item Unicode +=item How do I convert between numeric representations? -=back +How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to +hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from +decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert +from decimal to binary -=item Lengths and Widths +=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? -=over 4 +=item How do I multiply matrices? -=item String Lengths +=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? -=item Dynamic Templates +=item How can I output Roman numerals? -=item Another Portable Binary Encoding +=item Why aren't my random numbers random? + +=item How do I get a random number between X and Y? =back -=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures +=item Data: Dates =over 4 -=item The Alignment Pit +=item How do I find the day or week of the year? -=item Alignment, Take 2 +=item How do I find the current century or millennium? -=item Alignment, Take 3 +=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? -=item Pointers for How to Use Them +=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? -=back +=item How can I find the Julian Day? -=item Pack Recipes +=item How do I find yesterday's date? -=item Authors +=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? =back -=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial +=item Data: Strings =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item Part 1: The basics - -=over 4 +=item How do I validate input? -=item Simple word matching +=item How do I unescape a string? -=item Using character classes +=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? -=item Matching this or that +=item How do I expand function calls in a string? -=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching +=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? -=item Extracting matches +=item How do I reverse a string? -=item Matching repetitions +=item How do I expand tabs in a string? -=item Building a regexp +=item How do I reformat a paragraph? -=item Using regular expressions in Perl +=item How can I access or change N characters of a string? -=back +=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? -=item Part 2: Power tools +=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a +string? -=over 4 +=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? -=item More on characters, strings, and character classes +=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside +[character]? -=item Compiling and saving regular expressions +=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? -=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression +=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? -=item Non-capturing groupings +=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? -=item Looking ahead and looking behind +=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? -=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking +=item How can I expand variables in text strings? -=item Conditional expressions +=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? -=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression +=item Why don't my EEHERE documents work? -=item Pragmas and debugging +There must be no space after the EE part, There (probably) should +be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of +the tag =back -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Data: Arrays =over 4 -=item Acknowledgments - -=back - -=back +=item What is the difference between a list and an array? -=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions +=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? -=over 4 +=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? -=item DESCRIPTION +a), b), c), d), e) -i, m, s, x +=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or +array? -=over 4 +=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the +intersection of two arrays? -=item Regular Expressions +=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? -[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit +=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? -=item Extended Patterns +=item How do I handle linked lists? -C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, -C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ -code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> +=item How do I handle circular lists? -=item Backtracking +=item How do I shuffle an array randomly? -=item Version 8 Regular Expressions +=item How do I process/modify each element of an array? -=item Warning on \1 vs $1 +=item How do I select a random element from an array? -=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring +=item How do I permute N elements of a list? -=item Combining pieces together +=item How do I sort an array by (anything)? -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, -C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, -C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> +=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits? -=item Creating custom RE engines +=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? =back -=item BUGS +=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays) -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=back +=item How do I process an entire hash? -=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures +=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over +it? -=over 4 +=item How do I look up a hash element by value? -=item NOTE +=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? -=over 4 +=item How can I always keep my hash sorted? -=item Making References +=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? -=item Using References +=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? -=item Symbolic references +=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? -=item Not-so-symbolic references +=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? -=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash +=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? -=item Function Templates +=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? -=back +=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create +it? -=item WARNING +=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or +array of hashes or arrays? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I use a reference as a hash key? =back -=head2 perlform - Perl formats +=item Data: Misc =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 +=item How do I handle binary data correctly? -=item Format Variables +=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? -=back +=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls? -=item NOTES +=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? -=over 4 +=item How do I define methods for every class/object? -=item Footers +=item How do I verify a credit card checksum? -=item Accessing Formatting Internals +=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? =back -=item WARNINGS +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial +=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2003/01/26 +17:45:46 $) =over 4 @@ -1378,215 +1247,244 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item If we could talk to the animals... +=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? -=item Introducing the method invocation arrow +=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a +line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? -=item Invoking a barnyard +=item How do I count the number of lines in a file? -=item The extra parameter of method invocation +=item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program? -=item Calling a second method to simplify things +=item How do I make a temporary file name? -=item Inheriting the windpipes +=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? -=item A few notes about @ISA +=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass +filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? -=item Overriding the methods +=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly? -=item Starting the search from a different place +=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? -=item The SUPER way of doing things +=item How can I write() into a string? -=item Where we're at so far... +=item How can I output my numbers with commas added? -=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it? +=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? -=item Invoking an instance method +=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? -=item Accessing the instance data +=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use +E*E? -=item How to build a horse +=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? -=item Inheriting the constructor +=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? -=item Making a method work with either classes or instances +=item How can I reliably rename a file? -=item Adding parameters to a method +=item How can I lock a file? -=item More interesting instances +=item Why can't I just open(FH, "Efile.lock")? -=item A horse of a different color +=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in +the file. How can I do this? -=item Summary +=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a +file. Do I still have to use locking? -=back +=item How do I randomly update a binary file? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? -=item COPYRIGHT +=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? -=back +=item How do I print to more than one file at once? -=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl +=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? -=over 4 +=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? -=item Creating a Class +=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? -=over 4 +=item How do I do a C in perl? -=item Object Representation +=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? -=item Class Interface +=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? -=item Constructors and Instance Methods +=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't +`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? -=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors +=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? -=item Destructors +=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber +protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? -=item Other Object Methods +=item How do I select a random line from a file? + +=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? =back -=item Class Data +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item Accessing Class Data +=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2003/01/03 +20:05:28 $) -=item Debugging Methods +=over 4 -=item Class Destructors +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Documenting the Interface +=over 4 -=back +=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible +and unmaintainable code? -=item Aggregation +Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters -=item Inheritance +=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? -=over 4 +=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on +different lines? -=item Overridden Methods +=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? -=item Multiple Inheritance +=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving +case on the RHS? -=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects +=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? -=back +=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? -=item Alternate Object Representations +=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? -=over 4 +=item What is C really for? -=item Arrays as Objects +=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a +file? -=item Closures as Objects +=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? -=back +=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? -=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods +=item How do I process each word on each line? -=over 4 +=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? -=item Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How can I do approximate matching? -=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods +=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? -=back +=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? -=item Metaclassical Tools +=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? -=over 4 +=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? -=item Class::Struct +=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? -=item Data Members as Variables +=item What's wrong with using grep in a void context? -=back +=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? -=item NOTES +=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? -=over 4 +=back -=item Object Terminology +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: +2003/07/24 02:17:21 $) -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Acknowledgments +=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? -=back +=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to +use them? -=back +=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and +commas? -=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl +=item How do I skip some return values? -=over 4 +=item How do I temporarily block warnings? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item What's an extension? -=item Class Data in a Can +=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? -=item Class Data as Package Variables +=item How do I declare/create a structure? -=over 4 +=item How do I create a module? -=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket +=item How do I create a class? -=item Inheritance Concerns +=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? -=item The Eponymous Meta-Object +=item What's a closure? -=item Indirect References to Class Data +=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? -=item Monadic Classes +=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, +Regex}? -=item Translucent Attributes +Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, +Passing Methods -=back +=item How do I create a static variable? -=item Class Data as Lexical Variables +=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? +Between local() and my()? -=over 4 +=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical +is in scope? -=item Privacy and Responsibility +=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? -=item File-Scoped Lexicals +=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = EFILEE;" work right? -=item More Inheritance Concerns +=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? -=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key +=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? -=item Translucency Revisited +=item How do I create a switch or case statement? -=back +=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or +methods? -=item NOTES +=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I find out my current package? -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS +=item How do I clear a package? -=item HISTORY +=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? + +=item What does "bad interpreter" mean? =back -=head2 perlobj - Perl objects +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 2003/01/26 +17:44:04 $) =over 4 @@ -1594,594 +1492,656 @@ C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> =over 4 -=item An Object is Simply a Reference +=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? -=item A Class is Simply a Package +=item How come exec() doesn't return? -=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine +=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? -=item Method Invocation +Keyboard, Screen, Mouse -=item Indirect Object Syntax +=item How do I print something out in color? -=item Default UNIVERSAL methods +=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? -isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) +=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? -=item Destructors +=item How do I clear the screen? -=item Summary +=item How do I get the screen size? -=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection +=item How do I ask the user for a password? -=back +=item How do I read and write the serial port? -=item SEE ALSO +lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input -=back +=item How do I decode encrypted password files? -=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT) +=item How do I start a process in the background? -=over 4 +STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I trap control characters/signals? -=item OO SCALING TIPS +=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How do I set the time and date? -=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES +=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? -=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE +=item How can I measure time under a second? -=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS +=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) -=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS +=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What +does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? -=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM +=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? -=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE +=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? -=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT +=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? -=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR +=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? -=item DELEGATION +=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? -=back +=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? -=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable +=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? -=over 4 +=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? -=item SYNOPSIS +=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, +^Z on MS-DOS)? -=over 4 +=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? -=item Tying Scalars +=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? -TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How can I write expect in Perl? -=item Tying Arrays +=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as +"ps"? -TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, -FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, -key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, -UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY -this +=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How +come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my +changes to be visible? -=item Tying Hashes +Unix -USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE -this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY -this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this +=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to +complete? -=item Tying FileHandles +=item How do I fork a daemon process? -TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, -LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, -DESTROY this +=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? -=item UNTIE this +=item How do I timeout a slow event? -=item The C Gotcha +=item How do I set CPU limits? -=back +=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How do I use an SQL database? -=item BUGS +=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I open a file without blocking? -=back +=item How do I install a module from CPAN? -=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, -safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) +=item What's the difference between require and use? -=over 4 +=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library +search path? -=item Signals +=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? -=item Named Pipes +=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? -=over 4 +=back -=item WARNING +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT =back -=item Using open() for IPC +=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2003/01/31 17:36:57 +$) =over 4 -=item Filehandles +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Background Processes +=over 4 -=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent +=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? -=item Safe Pipe Opens +=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 +Server Error) -=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process +=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? -=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself +=item How do I remove HTML from a string? -=back +=item How do I extract URLs? -=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication +=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a +file on another machine? -=over 4 +=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? -=item Internet Line Terminators +=item How do I fetch an HTML file? -=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers +=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? -=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers +=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? -=back +=item How do I redirect to another page? -=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket +=item How do I put a password on my web pages? -=over 4 +=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? -=item A Simple Client +=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my +CGI script to do bad things? -C, C, C +=item How do I parse a mail header? -=item A Webget Client +=item How do I decode a CGI form? -=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket +=item How do I check a valid mail address? -=back +=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? -=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket +=item How do I return the user's mail address? -Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse +=item How do I send mail? -=item UDP: Message Passing +=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? -=item SysV IPC +=item How do I read mail? -=item NOTES +=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? -=item BUGS +=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? -=item AUTHOR +=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? -=item SEE ALSO +=item How can I do RPC in Perl? =back -=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to change) +=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT -=over 4 +=back -=item SYNOPSIS +=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax + +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes +=item Declarations -$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept -filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to -files, directories and network sockets +=item Comments -=item Resource limits +=item Simple Statements -=item Killing the parent process +=item Compound Statements -=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes +=item Loop Control -=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS +=item For Loops -BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, -Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger -application, Thread-safety of extensions +=item Foreach Loops -=back +=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements -=item BUGS +=item Goto -=item AUTHOR +=item PODs: Embedded Documentation -=item SEE ALSO +=item Plain Old Comments (Not!) =back -=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl +=back -=over 4 +=head2 perldata - Perl data types -=item SYNOPSIS +=over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Storing numbers +=over 4 -=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions +=item Variable names -=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations +=item Context -Arithmetic operators except, C, Arithmetic operators except, -C, Bitwise operators, C, Bitwise operators, C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a -string +=item Scalar values -=item AUTHOR +=item Scalar value constructors -=item SEE ALSO +=item List value constructors -=back +=item Subscripts -=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl +=item Slices -=over 4 +=item Typeglobs and Filehandles -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl +=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item What Is A Thread Anyway? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Threaded Program Models +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Boss/Worker +=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward) -=item Work Crew +=item The Arrow Operator -=item Pipeline +=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement -=back +=item Exponentiation -=item Native threads +=item Symbolic Unary Operators -=item What kind of threads are perl threads? +=item Binding Operators -=item Threadsafe Modules +=item Multiplicative Operators -=item Thread Basics +=item Additive Operators -=over 4 +=item Shift Operators -=item Basic Thread Support +=item Named Unary Operators -=item Creating Threads +=item Relational Operators -=item Giving up control +=item Equality Operators -=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit +=item Bitwise And -=item Errors In Threads +=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or -=item Ignoring A Thread +=item C-style Logical And -=back +=item C-style Logical Or -=item Threads And Data +=item C-style Logical Defined-Or -=over 4 +=item Range Operators -=item Shared And Unshared Data +=item Conditional Operator -=item Thread Pitfall: Races +=item Assignment Operators -=item Controlling access: lock() +=item Comma Operator -=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks +=item List Operators (Rightward) -=item Queues: Passing Data Around +=item Logical Not -=back +=item Logical And -=item Threads And Code +=item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or -=over 4 +=item C Operators Missing From Perl -=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access +unary &, unary *, (TYPE) -Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores +=item Quote and Quote-like Operators -=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines +=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators -=item Subroutine Locks +?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>, +qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, +s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, +y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <, C, C, C, C, C<''>, C, C<"">, +C<``>, C, C, C<< >>, C, C, C, +C,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of +regular expressions -=back +=item I/O Operators -=item General Thread Utility Routines +=item Constant Folding -=over 4 +=item Bitwise String Operators -=item What Thread Am I In? +=item Integer Arithmetic -=item Thread IDs +=item Floating-point Arithmetic -=item Are These Threads The Same? +=item Bigger Numbers -=item What Threads Are Running? +=back =back -=item A Complete Example +=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines -=item Conclusion +=over 4 -=item Bibliography +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Introductory Texts - -=item OS-Related References - -=item Other References +=item Private Variables via my() -=back +=item Persistent Private Variables -=item Acknowledgements +=item Temporary Values via local() -=item AUTHOR +=item Lvalue subroutines -=item Copyrights +Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL -=back +=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs) -=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl +=item When to Still Use local() -=over 4 +=item Pass by Reference -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Prototypes -Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I -portable +=item Constant Functions -=item ISSUES +=item Overriding Built-in Functions -=over 4 +=item Autoloading -=item Newlines +=item Subroutine Attributes -=item Numbers endianness and Width +=back -=item Files and Filesystems +=item SEE ALSO -=item System Interaction +=back -=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) +=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions -=item External Subroutines (XS) +=over 4 -=item Standard Modules +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Time and Date +=over 4 -=item Character sets and character encoding +=item Perl Functions by Category -=item Internationalisation +Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, +Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, +Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed +length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, +Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related +to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process +groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and +object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess +communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network +info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted +in perl5 -=item System Resources +=item Portability -=item Security +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item Style +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, abs VALUE, abs, accept +NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, +binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless +REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp( +LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, +chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, +connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, +dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete +EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, +each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, +exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, +fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, +getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam +NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname +NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr +ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, +getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, +getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, +goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, +import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl +FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, +last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, +link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, +lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map +EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget +KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my +TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no +Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct +EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open +FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, +opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : +ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, +package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, +print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, +printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, +qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, +rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, +readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, +ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, +require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir +DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, +rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir +DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, +semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send +SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority +WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, +shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, +shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep +EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair +SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, +sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, +splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split +/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format +parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum +width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat +FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME +(PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, +substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr +EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek +FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite +FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, +syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie +VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, +ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack +TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use +Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use +VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid +PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y/// =back -=item CPAN Testers - -Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: -http://testers.cpan.org/ +=back -=item PLATFORMS +=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl =over 4 -=item Unix +=item DESCRIPTION -=item DOS and Derivatives +=item Open E la shell -=item S +=over 4 -=item VMS +=item Simple Opens -=item VOS +=item Indirect Filehandles -=item EBCDIC Platforms +=item Pipe Opens -=item Acorn RISC OS +=item The Minus File -=item Other perls +=item Mixing Reads and Writes + +=item Filters =back -=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS +=item Open E la C =over 4 -=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions - --I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode -FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt -PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec -LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock -FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority -WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, -getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, -getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, -getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent -STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, -endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, -kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, -lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv -ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe -READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select -RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget -KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, -setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt -SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, -shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, -socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat -EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen -FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate -FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, -wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS +=item Permissions E la mode =back -=item CHANGES +=item Obscure Open Tricks -v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, -v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 -May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February -1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September -1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, -v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 +=over 4 -=item Supported Platforms +=item Re-Opening Files (dups) -=item SEE ALSO +=item Dispelling the Dweomer -=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS +=item Paths as Opens -=item VERSION +=item Single Argument Open + +=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT =back -=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and -localization) +=item Other I/O Issues =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Opening Non-File Files -=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES +=item Opening Named Pipes -=item USING LOCALES +=item Opening Sockets -=over 4 +=item Binary Files -=item The use locale pragma +=item File Locking -=item The setlocale function +=item IO Layers -=item Finding locales +=back -=item LOCALE PROBLEMS +=item SEE ALSO -=item Temporarily fixing locale problems +=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT -=item Permanently fixing locale problems +=item HISTORY -=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration +=back -=item Fixing system locale configuration +=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C and C -=item The localeconv function +=over 4 -=item I18N::Langinfo +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item The Basic Principle -=item LOCALE CATEGORIES +=item Packing Text + +=item Packing Numbers =over 4 -=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation +=item Integers -=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types +=item Unpacking a Stack Frame -=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting +=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net -=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts +=item Floating point Numbers -=item LC_TIME +=back -=item Other categories +=item Exotic Templates -=back +=over 4 -=item SECURITY +=item Bit Strings -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item Uuencoding -PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, -LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG +=item Doing Sums -=item NOTES +=item Unicode -=over 4 +=item Another Portable Binary Encoding -=item Backward compatibility +=back -=item I18N:Collate obsolete +=item Template Grouping -=item Sort speed and memory use impacts +=item Lengths and Widths -=item write() and LC_NUMERIC +=over 4 -=item Freely available locale definitions +=item String Lengths -=item I18n and l10n +=item Dynamic Templates -=item An imperfect standard +=item Counting Repetitions =back -=item BUGS +=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures =over 4 -=item Broken systems +=item The Alignment Pit + +=item Alignment, Take 2 + +=item Alignment, Take 3 + +=item Pointers for How to Use Them =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item Pack Recipes -=item HISTORY +=item Funnies Section + +=item Authors =back -=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction +=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format =over 4 @@ -2189,219 +2149,225 @@ LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG =over 4 -=item Unicode +=item Ordinary Paragraph -=item Perl's Unicode Support +=item Verbatim Paragraph -=item Perl's Unicode Model +=item Command Paragraph -=item Creating Unicode +C<=head1 I>, C<=head2 I>, C<=head3 I>, C<=head4 I>, C<=over I>, C<=item +I>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I>, C<=end +I>, C<=for I I>, C<=encoding +I> -=item Handling Unicode +=item Formatting Codes -=item Legacy Encodings +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CfilenameE> -- used +for filenames, CtextE> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, +Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a null +(zero-effect) formatting code -=item Unicode I/O - -=item Special Cases - -=item Advanced Topics - -=item Miscellaneous - -=item Questions With Answers - -Will My Old Scripts Break?, How Do I Make My Scripts Work With Unicode?, -How Do I Know Whether My String Is In Unicode?, How Do I Detect Invalid -UTF-8?, How Do I Convert Data Into UTF-8? Or Vice Versa?, How Do I Display -Unicode? How Do I Input Unicode?, How Does Unicode Work With Traditional -Locales? +=item The Intent -=item Hexadecimal Notation +=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules -=item Further Resources +=item Hints for Writing Pod =back -=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS - =item SEE ALSO -=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - -=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl +=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and +notes =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item Important Caveats - -Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C still needed -to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts - -=item Byte and Character semantics - -=item Effects of character semantics - -=item Scripts - -=item Blocks - -=item Character encodings for input and output +=item Pod Definitions -=back +=item Pod Commands -=item CAVEATS +"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", +"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", +"=encoding encodingname" -=item UNICODE REGULAR EXPRESSION SUPPORT LEVEL +=item Pod Formatting Codes -=over 4 +CtextE> -- italic text, CtextE> -- bold text, +CcodeE> -- code text, CfilenameE> -- style for +filenames, Ctopic nameE> -- an index entry, CE> -- a +null (zero-effect) formatting code, CnameE> -- a hyperlink, +CescapeE> -- a character escape, CtextE> -- text +contains non-breaking spaces -=item Unicode Encodings +=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors -UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF16-LE, Surrogates, and BOMs (Byte Order Marks), -UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF32-LE, UCS-2, UCS-4, UTF-7 +=item About LE...E Codes -=item Security Implications of Malformed UTF-8 +First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth: -=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC +=item About =over...=back Regions -=back +=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms +=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item ASCII - -=item ISO 8859 +=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems -=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) +OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS -=item EBCDIC +=item Location of Perl -=item 13 variant characters +=item Command Switches -=item 0037 +B<-0>[I], B<-A [I]>, B<-a>, B<-C +[I]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I, B<-D>I, +B<-D>I, B<-e> I, B<-F>I, B<-h>, +B<-i>[I], B<-I>I, B<-l>[I], +B<-m>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>, +B<-[mM]>[B<->]I, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>, +B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I, B<-w>, B<-W>, +B<-X>, B<-x> I -=item 1047 +=back -=item POSIX-BC +=item ENVIRONMENT -=item Unicode and UTF +HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap, +:perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB, +PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, +PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED, PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, +PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS, PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN +(specific to the VMS port) =back -=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES +=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics -recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 +=over 4 -=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CONVERSIONS +=back -=over 4 +=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings -=item tr/// +=over 4 -=item iconv +=item DESCRIPTION -=item C RTL +=over 4 -=back +=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings -=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES +=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W> -=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES +=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line -chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() +B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X> -=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES +=item Backward Compatibility -=item SOCKETS +=item Category Hierarchy -=item SORTING +=item Fatal Warnings -=over 4 +=item Reporting Warnings from a Module -=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. +=back -=item MONO CASE then sort data. +=item TODO -=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. +=item SEE ALSO -=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. +=item AUTHOR =back -=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS +=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging =over 4 -=item URL decoding and encoding - -=item uu encoding and decoding - -=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Caesarian ciphers +=item The Perl Debugger -=back +=over 4 -=item Hashing order and checksums +=item Debugger Commands -=item I18N AND L10N +h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y +[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, , c [line|sub], l, l +min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, +?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b +subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b +compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W +expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ +command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [ +command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source +file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man +[manpage] -=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS +=item Configurable Options -=item OS ISSUES +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=over 4 +=item Debugger input/output -=item OS/400 +Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame +listing -IFS access +=item Debugging compile-time statements -=item OS/390, z/OS +=item Debugger Customization -chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales +=item Readline Support -=item VM/ESA? +=item Editor Support for Debugging -=item POSIX-BC? +=item The Perl Profiler =back -=item BUGS - -=item SEE ALSO +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item REFERENCES +=item Debugging memory usage -=item HISTORY +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlsec - Perl security +=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables =over 4 @@ -2409,49 +2375,97 @@ chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales =over 4 -=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data - -=item Switches On the "#!" Line +=item Predefined Names -=item Cleaning Up Your Path +$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', +$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, +HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, +IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, +HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, +IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, +IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, +$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, +HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, +HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, +HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, +@-, C<$`> is the same as C, C<$&> is the same as +C, C<$'> is the same as C, C<$1> is the same as C, C<$2> +is the same as C, C<$3> is the same as +C, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), +$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, +IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, +$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, +$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, +$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, +$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, +$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), +$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, +$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, +${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, +0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, +$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, +$PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, +ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, +$SIG{expr} -=item Security Bugs +=item Error Indicators -=item Protecting Your Programs +=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item BUGS =back -=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) +=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION +i, m, s, x + =over 4 -=item Packages +=item Regular Expressions -=item Symbol Tables +[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit -=item Package Constructors and Destructors +=item Extended Patterns -=item Perl Classes +C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, +C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?, C<(?{ +code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)> -=item Perl Modules +=item Backtracking -=item Making your module threadsafe +=item Version 8 Regular Expressions + +=item Warning on \1 vs $1 + +=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring + +=item Combining pieces together + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>, +C<(?!S)>, C<(?, C<(??{ EXPR })>, +C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)> + +=item Creating custom RE engines =back +=item BUGS + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules +=head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference =over 4 @@ -2459,904 +2473,810 @@ chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE +=item OPERATORS -B the file, B the file into a directory, B the -module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module +=item SYNTAX -=back +=item ESCAPE SEQUENCES -=item PORTABILITY +=item CHARACTER CLASSES -=item HEY +=item ANCHORS -=item AUTHOR +=item QUANTIFIERS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS -=back +=item VARIABLES -=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones +=item FUNCTIONS -=over 4 +=item TERMINOLOGY -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY +=item AUTHOR -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Pragmatic Modules - -attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, -diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, integer, less, locale, open, ops, -overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, utf8, vars, vmsish, -warnings, warnings::register - -=item Standard Modules - -AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, -B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, -B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, -B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, -CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, -CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, -Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, -Dumpvalue, Encode, Encode::EncodeFormat, Encode::Tcl, English, Env, -Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Constant, -ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, -ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, -ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, -ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, -ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, -File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, -File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, -File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, -File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, -Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, -I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, -Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, -Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, -Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, -Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, -Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, -Memoize::Saves, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, -Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, -Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, -Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, -Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, -Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, -Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, -Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, Pod::t::basic, SDBM_File, Safe, -Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, -Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, -Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, -Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, -Text::Wrap, Thread, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, -Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, -Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, -User::pwent, Win32 - -=item Extension Modules +=item THANKS =back -=item CPAN +=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures =over 4 -=item Africa - -=item Asia +=item NOTE -=item Central America +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Europe +=over 4 -=item North America +=item Making References -=item Oceania +=item Using References -=item South America +=item Symbolic references -=back +=item Not-so-symbolic references -=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse +=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash -=over 4 +=item Function Templates -=item Guidelines for Module Creation +=back -=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules +=item WARNING -=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item NOTE +=head2 perlform - Perl formats -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item INTRODUCTION +=item Format Variables -=item QUICK CHECKLIST +=back -=over 4 +=item NOTES -=item Before you start +=over 4 -=item The API +=item Footers -=item Stability +=item Accessing Formatting Internals -=item Documentation +=back -=item Release considerations +=item WARNINGS =back -=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE +=head2 perlobj - Perl objects =over 4 -=item Has it been done before? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Do one thing and do it well +=over 4 -=item What's in a name? +=item An Object is Simply a Reference -=back +=item A Class is Simply a Package -=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE +=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine -=over 4 +=item Method Invocation -=item To OO or not to OO? +=item Indirect Object Syntax -=item Designing your API +=item Default UNIVERSAL methods -Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from -output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, -Parameter passing +isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] ) -=item Strictness and warnings +=item Destructors -=item Backwards compatibility +=item Summary -=item Error handling and messages +=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection =back -=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE +=item SEE ALSO -=over 4 +=back -=item POD +=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable -=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Version numbering - -=item Pre-requisites +=item Tying Scalars -=item Testing +TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item Packaging +=item Tying Arrays -=item Licensing +TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, +FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, +key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, +UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY +this -=back +=item Tying Hashes -=item COMMON PITFALLS +USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE +this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY +this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this -=over 4 +=item Tying FileHandles -=item Reinventing the wheel +TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, +LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, +DESTROY this -=item Trying to do too much +=item UNTIE this -=item Inappropriate documentation +=item The C Gotcha =back =item SEE ALSO -L, L, L, L, Testing tools, -http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering +=item BUGS =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters =over 4 -=item Warning - -=item What should I make into a module? +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground +=item DESCRIPTION -Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again +B, B, B, +B -=item Step-by-step: Making the module +=over 4 -Start with F, Use L and L, Use -L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README +=item The Filter -=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the -tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. =back -=item AUTHOR - =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.2 $, $Date: -2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) +=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, +safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores) =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item What is Perl? +=item Signals -=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? +=over 4 -=item Which version of Perl should I use? +=item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons -=item What are perl4 and perl5? +=back -=item What is perl6? +=item Named Pipes -=item How stable is Perl? +=over 4 -=item Is Perl difficult to learn? +=item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals) -=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, -Scheme, or Tcl? +Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as +"faults", Signals triggered by operating system state -=item Can I do [task] in Perl? +=back -=item When shouldn't I program in Perl? +=item Using open() for IPC -=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? +=over 4 -=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? +=item Filehandles -=item What is a JAPH? +=item Background Processes -=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? +=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent -=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version -5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language? +=item Safe Pipe Opens -=back +=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself =back -=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.3 $, -$Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication =over 4 -=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? +=item Internet Line Terminators -=item How can I get a binary version of Perl? +=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers -=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? +=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers -=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts -don't work. +=back -=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic -loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? +=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket -=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? -What does CPAN/src/... mean? +=over 4 -=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? +=item A Simple Client -=item Where can I get information on Perl? +C, C, C -=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? +=item A Webget Client -=item Where should I post source code? +=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket -=item Perl Books +=back -References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics +=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket -=item Perl in Magazines +Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse -=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access +=item UDP: Message Passing -=item What mailing lists are there for Perl? +=item SysV IPC -=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc +=item NOTES -=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? +=item BUGS -=item Where do I send bug reports? +=item AUTHOR -=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation -=back +=over 4 -=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.10 $, $Date: 2001/11/19 -17:09:37 $) - -=over 4 +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item How do I do (anything)? - -=item How can I use Perl interactively? - -=item Is there a Perl shell? +=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes -=item How do I debug my Perl programs? +$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept +filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to +files, directories and network sockets -=item How do I profile my Perl programs? +=item Resource limits -=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? +=item Killing the parent process -=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? +=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes -=item Is there a ctags for Perl? +=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS -=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? +BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, +Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger +application, Thread-safety of extensions -Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, -CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, -MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha +=back -=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi? +=item BUGS -=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I use curses with Perl? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl? +=back -=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? +=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl -=item How can I make my Perl program run faster? +=over 4 -=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory? +=item SYNOPSIS -Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and -stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data? +=item Storing numbers -=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? +=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions -=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient? +=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations -=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program? +Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C, Other +mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a +string -=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? +=item AUTHOR -=item How can I compile Perl into Java? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? +=back -=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? +=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl -=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? +=over 4 -=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? +=item Status -=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] +=item What Is A Thread Anyway? -=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in -my C program; what am I doing wrong? +=item Threaded Program Models -=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it -mean? +=over 4 -=item What's MakeMaker? +=item Boss/Worker -=back +=item Work Crew -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item Pipeline =back -=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 -08:06:04 $) - -=over 4 +=item What kind of threads are Perl threads? -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Thread-Safe Modules -=item Data: Numbers +=item Thread Basics =over 4 -=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the -numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? +=item Basic Thread Support -=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? +=item A Note about the Examples -=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? -Trig functions? +=item Creating Threads -=item How do I convert between numeric representations: +=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit -B, B, B, B, B, B +=item Ignoring A Thread -=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? +=back -=item How do I multiply matrices? +=item Threads And Data -=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? +=over 4 -=item How can I output Roman numerals? +=item Shared And Unshared Data -=item Why aren't my random numbers random? +=item Thread Pitfalls: Races =back -=item Data: Dates +=item Synchronization and control =over 4 -=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year? +=item Controlling access: lock() -=item How do I find the current century or millennium? +=item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks -=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference? +=item Queues: Passing Data Around -=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? +=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access -=item How can I find the Julian Day? +=item Basic semaphores -=item How do I find yesterday's date? +=item Advanced Semaphores -=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? +=item cond_wait() and cond_signal() + +=item Giving up control =back -=item Data: Strings +=item General Thread Utility Routines =over 4 -=item How do I validate input? - -=item How do I unescape a string? +=item What Thread Am I In? -=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? +=item Thread IDs -=item How do I expand function calls in a string? +=item Are These Threads The Same? -=item How do I find matching/nesting anything? +=item What Threads Are Running? -=item How do I reverse a string? +=back -=item How do I expand tabs in a string? +=item A Complete Example -=item How do I reformat a paragraph? +=item Different implementations of threads -=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string? +=item Performance considerations -=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? +=item Process-scope Changes -=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a -string? +=item Thread-Safety of System Libraries -=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line? +=item Conclusion -=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside -[character]? (Comma-separated files) +=item Bibliography -=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? +=over 4 -=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? +=item Introductory Texts -=item How do I extract selected columns from a string? +=item OS-Related References -=item How do I find the soundex value of a string? +=item Other References -=item How can I expand variables in text strings? +=back -=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? +=item Acknowledgements -=item Why don't my < +portable -=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? +=item ISSUES -=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? +=over 4 -=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>? +=item Newlines -=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()? +=item Numbers endianness and Width -=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? +=item Files and Filesystems -=item How can I reliably rename a file? +=item System Interaction -=item How can I lock a file? +=item Command names versus file pathnames -=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")? +=item Networking -=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in -the file. How can I do this? +=item Interprocess Communication (IPC) -=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a -file. Do I still have to use locking? +=item External Subroutines (XS) -=item How do I randomly update a binary file? +=item Standard Modules -=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Time and Date -=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? +=item Character sets and character encoding -=item How do I print to more than one file at once? +=item Internationalisation -=item How can I read in an entire file all at once? +=item System Resources -=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs? +=item Security -=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? +=item Style -=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? +=back -=item How do I do a C in perl? +=item CPAN Testers -=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? +Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results: +http://testers.cpan.org/ -=item How do I close a file descriptor by number? +=item PLATFORMS -=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't -`C:\temp\foo.exe` work? +=over 4 -=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? +=item Unix -=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber -protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? +=item DOS and Derivatives -=item How do I select a random line from a file? +=item S -=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? +=item VMS -=back +=item VOS -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item EBCDIC Platforms -=back +=item Acorn RISC OS -=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 $) +=item Other perls -=over 4 +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS =over 4 -=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible -and unmaintainable code? - -Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters +=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions -=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? +-I FILEHANDLE, -I EXPR, -I, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode +FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt +PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec +LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock +FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority +WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, +getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, +getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent, +getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent +STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, +endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, +kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, +lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv +ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe +READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select +RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget +KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, +setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt +SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, +shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, +socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat +EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen +FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate +FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, +wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS -=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on -different lines? +=back -=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? +=item CHANGES -=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving -case on the RHS? +v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, +v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, +v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April +1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December +1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August +1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998 -=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? +=item Supported Platforms -=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C? +=item SEE ALSO -=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? +=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS -=item What is C really for? +=back -=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a -file? +=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and +localization) -=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? +=over 4 -=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item How do I process each word on each line? +=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES -=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? +=item USING LOCALES -=item How can I do approximate matching? +=over 4 -=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? +=item The use locale pragma -=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? +=item The setlocale function -=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? +=item Finding locales -=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? +=item LOCALE PROBLEMS -=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? +=item Temporarily fixing locale problems -=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? +=item Permanently fixing locale problems -=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters? +=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration -=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? +=item Fixing system locale configuration -=back +=item The localeconv function -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item I18N::Langinfo =back -=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/07 -02:27:50 $) - -=over 4 - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item LOCALE CATEGORIES =over 4 -=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? - -=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to -use them? - -=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and -commas? - -=item How do I skip some return values? - -=item How do I temporarily block warnings? - -=item What's an extension? +=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation -=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? +=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types -=item How do I declare/create a structure? +=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting -=item How do I create a module? +=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts -=item How do I create a class? +=item LC_TIME -=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted? +=item Other categories -=item What's a closure? +=back -=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? +=item SECURITY -=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, -Regex}? +=item ENVIRONMENT -Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, -Passing Methods +PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, +LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG -=item How do I create a static variable? +=item NOTES -=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? -Between local() and my()? +=over 4 -=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical -is in scope? +=item Backward compatibility -=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? +=item I18N:Collate obsolete -=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right? +=item Sort speed and memory use impacts -=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? +=item write() and LC_NUMERIC -=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? +=item Freely available locale definitions -=item How do I create a switch or case statement? +=item I18n and l10n -=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods? +=item An imperfect standard -=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found? +=back -=item How can I find out my current package? +=item Unicode and UTF-8 -=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code? +=item BUGS -=item How do I clear a package? +=over 4 -=item How can I use a variable as a variable name? +=item Broken systems =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO + +=item HISTORY =back -=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.4 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 -08:06:04 $) +=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction =over 4 @@ -3364,339 +3284,284 @@ is in scope? =over 4 -=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? +=item Unicode -=item How come exec() doesn't return? +=item Perl's Unicode Support -=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? +=item Perl's Unicode Model -Keyboard, Screen, Mouse +=item Unicode and EBCDIC -=item How do I print something out in color? +=item Creating Unicode -=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? +=item Handling Unicode -=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? +=item Legacy Encodings -=item How do I clear the screen? +=item Unicode I/O -=item How do I get the screen size? +=item Displaying Unicode As Text -=item How do I ask the user for a password? +=item Special Cases -=item How do I read and write the serial port? +=item Advanced Topics -lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input +=item Miscellaneous -=item How do I decode encrypted password files? - -=item How do I start a process in the background? - -STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies - -=item How do I trap control characters/signals? - -=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? - -=item How do I set the time and date? +=item Questions With Answers -=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? +=item Hexadecimal Notation -=item How can I measure time under a second? +=item Further Resources -=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) +=back -=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What -does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? +=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS -=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? +=item SEE ALSO -=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? +=item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? +=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE -=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? +=back -=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? +=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl -=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command? +=over 4 -=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? +=item DESCRIPTION -=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? +=over 4 -=item How can I call backticks without shell processing? +=item Important Caveats -=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, -^Z on MS-DOS)? +Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C still needed to +enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts -=item How can I convert my shell script to perl? +=item Byte and Character Semantics -=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? +=item Effects of Character Semantics -=item How can I write expect in Perl? +=item Scripts -=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as -"ps"? +=item Blocks -=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How -come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my -changes to be visible? +=item User-Defined Character Properties -Unix +=item Character Encodings for Input and Output -=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to -complete? +=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level -=item How do I fork a daemon process? +=item Unicode Encodings -=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? +=item Security Implications of Unicode -=item How do I timeout a slow event? +=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC -=item How do I set CPU limits? +=item Locales -=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? +=item When Unicode Does Not Happen -=item How do I use an SQL database? +=item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl) -=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C? +=item Using Unicode in XS -=item How do I open a file without blocking? +=back -=item How do I install a module from CPAN? +=item BUGS -=item What's the difference between require and use? +=over 4 -=item How do I keep my own module/library directory? +=item Interaction with Locales -=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library -search path? +=item Interaction with Extensions -=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? +=item Speed -=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it? +=item Porting code from perl-5.6.X =back -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.5 $, $Date: 2001/11/09 08:06:04 -$) +=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 - -=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? +=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 -Server Error) +=over 4 -=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? +=item ASCII -=item How do I remove HTML from a string? +=item ISO 8859 -=item How do I extract URLs? +=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) -=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a -file on another machine? +=item EBCDIC -=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? +=item 13 variant characters -=item How do I fetch an HTML file? +=item 0037 -=item How do I automate an HTML form submission? +=item 1047 -=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? +=item POSIX-BC -=item How do I redirect to another page? +=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points -=item How do I put a password on my web pages? +=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC -=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? +=item Unicode and UTF -=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my -CGI script to do bad things? +=item Using Encode -=item How do I parse a mail header? +=back -=item How do I decode a CGI form? +=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES -=item How do I check a valid mail address? +recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6 -=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? +=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS -=item How do I return the user's mail address? +=item CONVERSIONS -=item How do I send mail? +=over 4 -=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? +=item tr/// -=item How do I read mail? +=item iconv -=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? +=item C RTL -=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? +=back -=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file? +=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES -=item How can I do RPC in Perl? +=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES -=back +chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack() -=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT +=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES -=back +=item SOCKETS -=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator +=item SORTING =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences. -=over 4 +=item MONO CASE then sort data. -=item Layout +=item Convert, sort data, then re convert. -B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref +=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only. =back -=item Using The Back Ends +=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS =over 4 -=item The Cross Referencing Back End - -i, &, s, r - -=item The Decompiling Back End - -=item The Lint Back End - -=item The Simple C Back End +=item URL decoding and encoding -=item The Bytecode Back End +=item uu encoding and decoding -=item The Optimized C Back End +=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding -B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, -B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, -B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref +=item Caesarian ciphers =back -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS - -=item AUTHOR - -=back +=item Hashing order and checksums -=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program +=item I18N AND L10N -=over 4 +=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item OS ISSUES =over 4 -=item PREAMBLE - -B, B, B, B, B - -=item ROADMAP - -=item Compiling your C program - -=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program - -=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program +=item OS/400 -=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program +PASE, IFS access -=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program +=item OS/390, z/OS -=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program +chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales -=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter +=item VM/ESA? -=item Execution of END blocks +=item POSIX-BC? -=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances +=back -=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C -program +=item BUGS -=back +=item SEE ALSO -=item Embedding Perl under Win32 +=item REFERENCES -=item MORAL +=item HISTORY =item AUTHOR -=item COPYRIGHT - =back -=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging +=head2 perlsec - Perl security =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Debugger Internals - =over 4 -=item Writing Your Own Debugger +=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data -=back +=item Switches On the "#!" Line -=item Frame Listing Output Examples +=item Cleaning Up Your Path -=item Debugging regular expressions +=item Security Bugs -=over 4 +=item Protecting Your Programs -=item Compile-time output +=item Unicode -C I C I, C I C -I, C, C, C -I, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks -=item Types of nodes +=back -=item Run-time output +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Debugging Perl memory usage +=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables) =over 4 -=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> +=item DESCRIPTION -C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item Example of using B<-DL> switch +=item Packages -C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> +=item Symbol Tables -=item B<-DL> details +=item Package Constructors and Destructors -C, C, C +=item Perl Classes -=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics +=item Perl Modules + +=item Making your module threadsafe =back @@ -3704,201 +3569,286 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs +=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item SPECIAL NOTES +=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY =over 4 -=item make +=item Pragmatic Modules -=item Version caveat +assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, +bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, +fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re, +sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version, +vmsish, warnings, warnings::register -=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading +=item Standard Modules -=back +AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, +B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, +B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, +B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, +CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, +CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, +Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper, Devel::DProf, +Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, Digest::MD5, +DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, +Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, +Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, +Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::PerlIO, +Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW, Encode::Unicode, +Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, +ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant, +ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, +ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, +ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, +ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, +ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, +ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish, +ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, +ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, +File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, +File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, +File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, +File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, +FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File, +Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, +I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, +IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET, +IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, +IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, +Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, +Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, +MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, +Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::Scalar, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, +Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, +Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, +Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, +Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, +Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, +Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, +PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, +Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, +Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, +Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, +Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText, +Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer, +Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, +Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, +Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, +Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, +Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, +Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, +Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, +Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, +Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific, +Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, +Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, +Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, +Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap, +XSLoader -=item TUTORIAL +=item Extension Modules -=over 4 +=back -=item EXAMPLE 1 +=item CPAN -=item EXAMPLE 2 +=over 4 -=item What has gone on? +=item Africa -=item Writing good test scripts +South Africa -=item EXAMPLE 3 +=item Asia -=item What's new here? +China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi +Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand -=item Input and Output Parameters +=item Central America -=item The XSUBPP Program +Costa Rica -=item The TYPEMAP file +=item Europe -=item Warning about Output Arguments +Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech +Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, +Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, +Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, +Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom -=item EXAMPLE 4 +=item North America -=item What has happened here? +Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States, +Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, +Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, +North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, +Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin -=item Anatomy of .xs file +=item Oceania -=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs +Australia, New Zealand, United States -=item More about XSUB arguments +=item South America -=item The Argument Stack +Argentina, Brazil, Chile -=item Extending your Extension +=item RSYNC Mirrors -=item Documenting your Extension +=back -=item Installing your Extension +=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse -=item EXAMPLE 5 +=over 4 -=item New Things in this Example +=item Guidelines for Module Creation -=item EXAMPLE 6 +=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules -=item New Things in this Example +=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code -=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) +=back -=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) +=item NOTE -=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon) +=back -=item Troubleshooting these Examples +=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide -=back +=over 4 -=item See also +=item INTRODUCTION -=item Author +=item QUICK CHECKLIST =over 4 -=item Last Changed +=item Before you start -=back +=item The API -=back +=item Stability -=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual +=item Documentation -=over 4 +=item Release considerations -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE =over 4 -=item Introduction +=item Has it been done before? -=item On The Road +=item Do one thing and do it well -=item The Anatomy of an XSUB +=item What's in a name? -=item The Argument Stack +=back -=item The RETVAL Variable +=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE -=item The MODULE Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PACKAGE Keyword +=item To OO or not to OO? -=item The PREFIX Keyword +=item Designing your API -=item The OUTPUT: Keyword +Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from +output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, +Parameter passing -=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword +=item Strictness and warnings -=item The CODE: Keyword +=item Backwards compatibility -=item The INIT: Keyword +=item Error handling and messages -=item The NO_INIT Keyword +=back -=item Initializing Function Parameters +=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE -=item Default Parameter Values +=over 4 -=item The PREINIT: Keyword +=item POD -=item The SCOPE: Keyword +=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs -=item The INPUT: Keyword +perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build, +perl Build test, perl Build install -=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords +=back -=item Variable-length Parameter Lists +=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS -=item The C_ARGS: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PPCODE: Keyword +=item Version numbering -=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists +=item Pre-requisites -=item The REQUIRE: Keyword +=item Testing -=item The CLEANUP: Keyword +=item Packaging -=item The POSTCALL: Keyword +=item Licensing -=item The BOOT: Keyword +=back -=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword +=item COMMON PITFALLS -=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword +=over 4 -=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword +=item Reinventing the wheel -=item The ALIAS: Keyword +=item Trying to do too much -=item The INTERFACE: Keyword +=item Inappropriate documentation -=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword +=back -=item The INCLUDE: Keyword +=item SEE ALSO -=item The CASE: Keyword +L, L, L, L, Packaging Tools, +Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software +engineering -=item The & Unary Operator +=item AUTHOR -=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives +=back -=item Using XS With C++ +=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules -=item Interface Strategy +=over 4 -=item Perl Objects And C Structures +=item DESCRIPTION -=item The Typemap +=over 4 -=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS +=item PREAMBLE -MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT +B the file, B the file into a directory, B the +module (sometimes unnecessary), B the module =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item PORTABILITY -=item XS VERSION +=item HEY =item AUTHOR +=item COPYRIGHT + =back -=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions +=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution =over 4 @@ -3906,3546 +3856,3597 @@ MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT =over 4 -=item Conventions - -C, C

, C, C +=item Warning -=item File Operations +=item What should I make into a module? -=item File Input and Output +=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground -=item File Positioning +Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again -=item Memory Management and String Handling +=item Step-by-step: Making the module -=item Character Class Tests +Start with F, Use L and L, Use +L, Use L - wisely!, Use L, Write tests, Write the README -=item F functions +=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module -=item Miscellaneous functions +Get a CPAN user ID, C, Upload the +tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs! =back +=item AUTHOR + =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API +=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Variables - =over 4 -=item Datatypes +=item DOCUMENTATION -=item What is an "IV"? +L, L and L, +L and L, L, +L, L, L, +L -=item Working with SVs +=item CONVERTORS -=item Offsets +L, L, L -=item What's Really Stored in an SV? +=item Administration -=item Working with AVs +L -=item Working with HVs +=item Development -=item Hash API Extensions +L, L, L and L, +L, L, L -=item References +=item SEE ALSO -=item Blessed References and Class Objects +=back -=item Creating New Variables +=back -=item Reference Counts and Mortality +=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator -=item Stashes and Globs +=over 4 -=item Double-Typed SVs +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Magic Variables +=over 4 -=item Assigning Magic +=item Layout -=item Magic Virtual Tables +B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref -=item Finding Magic +=back -=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays +=item Using The Back Ends -=item Localizing changes +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, -C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, -C, C, C +=item The Cross Referencing Back End -=back +i, &, s, r -=item Subroutines +=item The Decompiling Back End -=over 4 +=item The Lint Back End -=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack +=item The Simple C Back End -=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs +=item The Bytecode Back End -=item Memory Allocation +=item The Optimized C Back End -=item PerlIO +=back -=item Putting a C value on Perl stack +=item Module List for the Compiler Suite -=item Scratchpads +B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, +B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, +B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref -=item Scratchpads and recursion +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Compiled code +=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters =over 4 -=item Code tree - -=item Examining the tree +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Compile pass 1: check routines +=item CONCEPTS -=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding +=item USING FILTERS -=item Compile pass 2: context propagation +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER -=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C -=item Pluggable runops +B -=back +=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE -=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions +=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL -=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported +=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER -=over 4 +=item CONCLUSION -=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT +=item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR -=item So what happened to dTHR? +Some Filters Clobber the C Handle -=item How do I use all this in extensions? +=item REQUIREMENTS -=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? +=item AUTHOR -=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS +=item Copyrights =back -=item Internal Functions +=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program -A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs +=item PREAMBLE -=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer +B, B, B, B, B -=item Source Documentation +=item ROADMAP -=back +=item Compiling your C program -=item Unicode Support +=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program -=over 4 +=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program -=item What B Unicode, anyway? +=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program -=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string? +=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program + +=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program -=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters? +=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter -=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings? +=item Execution of END blocks -=item How do I convert a string to UTF8? +=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances -=item Is there anything else I need to know? +=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C +program =back -=item Custom Operators +=item Embedding Perl under Win32 -=item AUTHORS +=item Hiding Perl_ -=item SEE ALSO +=item MORAL + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT =back -=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C +=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program - -=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS - -call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv - -=item FLAG VALUES +=item Debugger Internals =over 4 -=item G_VOID +=item Writing Your Own Debugger -=item G_SCALAR +=back -=item G_ARRAY +=item Frame Listing Output Examples -=item G_DISCARD +=item Debugging regular expressions -=item G_NOARGS +=over 4 -=item G_EVAL +=item Compile-time output -=item G_KEEPERR +C I C I, C I C +I, C, C, C +I, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C -=item Determining the Context +=item Types of nodes -=back +=item Run-time output -=item KNOWN PROBLEMS +=back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Debugging Perl memory usage =over 4 -=item No Parameters, Nothing returned +=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}> -=item Passing Parameters +C, Free/Used, C, C, C, C, C -=item Returning a Scalar +=item Example of using B<-DL> switch -=item Returning a list of values +C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704> -=item Returning a list in a scalar context +=item B<-DL> details -=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list +C, C, C -=item Using G_EVAL +=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics -=item Using G_KEEPERR +=back -=item Using call_sv +=item SEE ALSO -=item Using call_argv +=back -=item Using call_method +=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs -=item Using GIMME_V +=over 4 -=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information +=item SPECIAL NOTES -1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of -callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl -callback +=over 4 -=item Alternate Stack Manipulation +=item make -=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C +=item Version caveat + +=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading =back -=item SEE ALSO +=item TUTORIAL -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item DATE +=item EXAMPLE 1 -=back +=item EXAMPLE 2 -=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution +=item What has gone on? -=over 4 +=item Writing good test scripts -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXAMPLE 3 -=over 4 +=item What's new here? -=item DOCUMENTATION +=item Input and Output Parameters -L, L and L, -L and L, L, -L, L, L, -L +=item The XSUBPP Program -=item CONVERTORS +=item The TYPEMAP file -L, L, L +=item Warning about Output Arguments -=item Administration +=item EXAMPLE 4 -L +=item What has happened here? -=item Development +=item Anatomy of .xs file -L, L, L and L, -L, L, L +=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs -=item SEE ALSO +=item More about XSUB arguments -=back +=item The Argument Stack -=back +=item Extending your Extension -=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters +=item Documenting your Extension -=over 4 +=item Installing your Extension -=item DESCRIPTION +=item EXAMPLE 5 -=item CONCEPTS +=item New Things in this Example -=item USING FILTERS +=item EXAMPLE 6 -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER +=item New Things in this Example -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C +=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon) -B +=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon) -=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE +=item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes -=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL +=item Troubleshooting these Examples -=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER +=back -=item CONCLUSION +=item See also -=item REQUIREMENTS +=item Author -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 -=item Copyrights +=item Last Changed =back -=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters +=back + +=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, -B - =over 4 -=item The Filter - -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. - -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. - -=back - -=item SEE ALSO - -=item AUTHOR +=item Introduction -=back +=item On The Road -=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API +=item The Anatomy of an XSUB -=over 4 +=item The Argument Stack -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The RETVAL Variable -AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, -av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, -ax, bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, -call_sv, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH, cv_const_sv, dAX, dITEMS, dMARK, -dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, EXTEND, -fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, getcwd_sv, get_av, get_cv, get_hv, -get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, -grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, -gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, -G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, -HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, -hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, -hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, -hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, -isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, items, -ix, LEAVE, load_module, looks_like_number, MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, -mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, Move, New, newAV, -Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv, -newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, -newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, new_vstring, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, -Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_clone, perl_construct, -perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, PL_modglobal, PL_na, -PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, -POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, -require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, scan_bin, -scan_hex, scan_oct, sharedsv_find, sharedsv_init, sharedsv_lock, -sharedsv_new, sharedsv_thrcnt_dec, sharedsv_thrcnt_inc, sharedsv_unlock, -sortsv, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, -strnNE, StructCopy, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, -SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, -SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, -SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, -SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, -SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, -SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, -SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, -SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, -SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, -SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, -SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUOK, -SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVx, SvUVX, sv_2bool, -sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, -sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, -sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, -sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, -sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_dec, -sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, -sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, -sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, -sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, -sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, -sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_reftype, sv_replace, -sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, -sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, -sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, -sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, -sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, -sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, -sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, -sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn, -THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, to_utf8_case, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, -utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, -utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, -XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, -XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, -XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, -Zero +=item The MODULE Keyword -=item AUTHORS +=item The PACKAGE Keyword -=item SEE ALSO +=item The PREFIX Keyword -=back +=item The OUTPUT: Keyword -=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B - Perl functions +=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword -=over 4 +=item The CODE: Keyword -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The INIT: Keyword -djSP, is_gv_magical, LVRET, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, -PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs, report_uninit, start_glob, sv_add_arena, -sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas +=item The NO_INIT Keyword -=item AUTHORS +=item Initializing Function Parameters -=item SEE ALSO +=item Default Parameter Values -=back +=item The PREINIT: Keyword -=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. +=item The SCOPE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The INPUT: Keyword -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords -=item DESCRIPTION +=item The C Keyword -=over 4 +=item Variable-length Parameter Lists -=item History and Background +=item The C_ARGS: Keyword -=item Layers vs Disciplines +=item The PPCODE: Keyword -=item Data Structures +=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists -=item Functions and Attributes +=item The REQUIRE: Keyword -=item Per-instance Data +=item The CLEANUP: Keyword -=item Layers in action. +=item The POSTCALL: Keyword -=item Per-instance flag bits +=item The BOOT: Keyword -PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, -PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, -PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, -PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS +=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword -=item Methods in Detail +=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword - IV (*Pushed)(PerlIO *f,const char *mode, SV *arg);, IV - (*Popped)(PerlIO *f);, PerlIO * (*Open)(...);, SV * -(*Getarg)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Fileno)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t -(*Read)(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Unread)(PerlIO -*f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count);, SSize_t (*Write)(PerlIO *f, const -void *vbuf, Size_t count);, IV (*Seek)(PerlIO *f, Off_t -offset, int whence);, Off_t (*Tell)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Close)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Flush)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Fill)(PerlIO *f);, IV (*Eof)(PerlIO *f);, IV - (*Error)(PerlIO *f);, void (*Clearerr)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Setlinebuf)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * (*Get_base)(PerlIO *f);, -Size_t (*Get_bufsiz)(PerlIO *f);, STDCHAR * -(*Get_ptr)(PerlIO *f);, SSize_t (*Get_cnt)(PerlIO *f);, void - (*Set_ptrcnt)(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt); +=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword -=item Core Layers +=item The ALIAS: Keyword -"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" +=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword -=item Extension Layers +=item The FALLBACK: Keyword -":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Object" or ":Perl" +=item The INTERFACE: Keyword -=back +=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword -=back +=item The INCLUDE: Keyword -=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. +=item The CASE: Keyword -=over 4 +=item The & Unary Operator -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Using XS With C++ -1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B +=item Interface Strategy -=over 4 +=item Perl Objects And C Structures -=item Co-existence with stdio +=item The Typemap -B, B, -B, B +=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS -=item "Fast gets" Functions +MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B +=back -=item Other Functions +=item EXAMPLES -PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), -'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) +=item XS VERSION -=back +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List +=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item To do during 5.6.x - =over 4 -=item Support for I/O disciplines +=item Conventions -=item Autoload bytes.pm +C, C

, C, C -=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work +=item File Operations -=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) +=item File Input and Output -=item Overloadable regex assertions +=item File Positioning -=item Unicode +=item Memory Management and String Handling -=item use Thread for iThreads +=item Character Class Tests -=item make perl_clone optionally clone ops +=item F functions -=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads +=item Miscellaneous functions -=item Typed lexicals for compiler +=back -=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 +=item SEE ALSO -=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler +=back -=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling +=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API -=item Cleaning up exported namespace +=over 4 -=item Complete signal handling +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Out-of-source builds +=item Variables -=item POSIX realtime support +=over 4 -=item UNIX98 support +=item Datatypes -=item IPv6 Support +=item What is an "IV"? -=item Long double conversion +=item Working with SVs -=item Locales +=item Offsets -=item Thread-safe regexes +=item What's Really Stored in an SV? -=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals +=item Working with AVs -=item POSIX Unicode character classes +=item Working with HVs -=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) +=item Hash API Extensions -=item Security audit shipped utilities +=item AVs, HVs and undefined values -=item Custom opcodes +=item References -=item DLL Versioning +=item Blessed References and Class Objects -=item Introduce @( and @) +=item Creating New Variables -=item Floating point handling +GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN -=item IV/UV preservation +=item Reference Counts and Mortality -=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser +=item Stashes and Globs -=item Automate module testing on CPAN +=item Double-Typed SVs -=item sendmsg and recvmsg +=item Magic Variables -=item Rewrite perlre documentation +=item Assigning Magic -=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles +=item Magic Virtual Tables -=item Document Win32 choices +=item Finding Magic -=item Check new modules +=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays -=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself +=item Localizing changes + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, +C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C =back -=item To do at some point +=item Subroutines =over 4 -=item Remove regular expression recursion +=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack -=item Memory leaks after failed eval +=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs -=item pack "(stuff)*" +=item Memory Allocation -=item bitfields in pack +=item PerlIO -=item Cross compilation +=item Putting a C value on Perl stack -=item Perl preprocessor / macros +=item Scratchpads -=item Perl lexer in Perl +=item Scratchpads and recursion -=item Using POSIX calls internally +=back -=item -i rename file when changed +=item Compiled code -=item All ARGV input should act like EE +=over 4 -=item Support for rerunning debugger +=item Code tree -=item Test Suite for the Debugger +=item Examining the tree -=item my sub foo { } +=item Compile pass 1: check routines -=item One-pass global destruction +=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding -=item Rewrite regexp parser +=item Compile pass 2: context propagation -=item Cache recently used regexps +=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization -=item Re-entrant functions +=item Pluggable runops -=item Cross-compilation support +=back -=item Bit-shifting bitvectors +=item Examining internal data structures with the C functions -=item debugger pragma +=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported -=item use less pragma +=over 4 -=item switch structures +=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT -=item Cache eval tree +=item So what happened to dTHR? -=item rcatmaybe +=item How do I use all this in extensions? -=item Shrink opcode tables +=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads? -=item Optimize away @_ +=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS -=item Prototypes versus indirect objects +=back -=item Install HTML +=item Internal Functions -=item Prototype method calls +A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x -=item Return context prototype declarations +=over 4 -=item magic_setisa +=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs -=item Garbage collection +=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer -=item IO tutorial +=item Source Documentation -=item pack/unpack tutorial +=back -=item Rewrite perldoc +=item Unicode Support -=item Install .3p manpages +=over 4 -=item Unicode tutorial +=item What B Unicode, anyway? -=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 +=item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string? -=item Retargetable installation +=item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters? -=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems +=item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings? -=item Rename Win32 headers +=item How do I convert a string to UTF-8? -=item Finish off lvalue functions +=item Is there anything else I need to know? -=item Update sprintf documentation +=back -=item Use fchown/fchmod internally +=item Custom Operators -=item Make v-strings overloaded objects +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item Vague ideas +=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C =over 4 -=item ref() in list context +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context +An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program -=item Compile to real threaded code +=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS -=item Structured types +call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv -=item Modifiable $1 et al. +=item FLAG VALUES -=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. +=over 4 -=item RPC modules +=item G_VOID -=item Attach/detach debugger from running program +=item G_SCALAR -=item Alternative RE syntax module +=item G_ARRAY -=item GUI::Native +=item G_DISCARD -=item foreach(reverse ...) +=item G_NOARGS -=item Constant function cache +=item G_EVAL -=item Approximate regular expression matching +=item G_KEEPERR + +=item Determining the Context =back -=item Ongoing +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +=item EXAMPLES =over 4 -=item Update guts documentation +=item No Parameters, Nothing returned -=item Add more tests +=item Passing Parameters -=item Update auxiliary tools +=item Returning a Scalar -=back +=item Returning a list of values -=item Recently done things +=item Returning a list in a scalar context -=over 4 +=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list -=item Safe signal handling +=item Using G_EVAL -=item Tie Modules +=item Using G_KEEPERR -=item gettimeofday +=item Using call_sv -=item setitimer and getimiter +=item Using call_argv -=item Testing __DIE__ hook +=item Using call_method -=item CPP equivalent in Perl +=item Using GIMME_V -=item Explicit switch statements +=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries -=item autocroak +=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information -=item UTF/EBCDIC +1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of +callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl +callback -=item UTF Regexes +=item Alternate Stack Manipulation -=item perlcc to produce executable +=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C -=item END blocks saved in compiled output +=back -=item Secure temporary file module +=item SEE ALSO -=item Integrate Time::HiRes +=item AUTHOR -=item Turn Cwd into XS +=item DATE -=item Mmap for input +=back -=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion +=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API -=item Add sockatmark support +=over 4 -=item Mailing list archives +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Bug tracking +=item "Gimme" Values -=item Integrate MacPerl +GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID -=item Web "nerve center" for Perl +=item Array Manipulation Functions -=item Regular expression tutorial +AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, +av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, +get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv -=item Debugging Tutorial +=item Callback Functions -=item Integrate new modules +call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, +FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS -=item Integrate profiler +=item Character classes -=item Y2K error detection +isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER -=item Regular expression debugger +=item Cloning an interpreter -=item POD checker +perl_clone -=item "Dynamic" lexicals +=item CV Manipulation Functions -=item Cache precompiled modules +CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv -=back +=item Embedding Functions -=item Deprecated Wishes +cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, +perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv -=over 4 +=item Functions in file pp_pack.c -=item Loop control on do{} +packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str -=item Lexically scoped typeglobs +=item Global Variables -=item format BOTTOM +PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes -=item report HANDLE +=item GV Functions -=item Generalised want()/caller()) +GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, +gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv -=item Named prototypes +=item Handy Values -=item Built-in globbing +HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv -=item Regression tests for suidperl +=item Hash Manipulation Functions -=item Cached hash values +get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, +HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, +hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, +hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, +hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv -=item Add compression modules +=item Magical Functions -=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references +mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, +SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, +SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE -=item Remove distinction between functions and operators +=item Memory Management -=item Make XS easier to use +Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, +savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero -=item Make embedding easier to use +=item Miscellaneous Functions -=item man for perl +fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ, +strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking, +sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnumify, vstringify -=item my $Package::variable +=item Numeric functions -=item "or" tests defined, not truth +grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, +scan_hex, scan_oct -=item "class"-based lexicals +=item Optree Manipulation Functions -=item byteperl +cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS -=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal +=item Pad Data Structures -=item Make "use utf8" the default +pad_sv -=item Unicode collation and normalization +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -=item Create debugging macros +dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, +POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, +PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN, +XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, +XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, +XST_mYES -=back +=item SV Flags -=back +svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG -=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals +=item SV Manipulation Functions -=over 4 +get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv, +newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, +SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, +SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW, +SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVX, SvIVx, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, +SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVx, +SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, +SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, +SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, +SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVX, SvPVx, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, +SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, +SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, +SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, +SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, +sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, +sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, +sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, +sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, +sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, +sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, +sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, +sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, +sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, +sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, +sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, +sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, +sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, +sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, +sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, +sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, +sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, +sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, +sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Unicode Support -Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the -implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is -the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does -it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is -the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation -tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, -Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words +bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, +is_utf8_string_loc, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8, +sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, +to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, +utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, +uvuni_to_utf8_flags -=over 4 +=item Variables created by C and C internal functions -=item Keeping in sync +ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST, +THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK -rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the -NFS, rsync'ing the patches +=item Warning and Dieing -=item Why rsync the source tree +croak, warn -It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more recent, It's more reliable +=item AUTHORS -=item Why rsync the patches +=item SEE ALSO -It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start -point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour +=back -=item Perlbug remote interface +=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B + Perl functions -1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3 -commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests +=over 4 -=item Submitting patches +=item DESCRIPTION -L, L and L, L, -F, The perl5-porters FAQ +=item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE -=item Finding Your Way Around +CvWEAKOUTSIDE -Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter +=item Functions in file pad.h -=item Elements of the interpreter +CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS, +PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH, +PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL, +PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR, PAD_SV, +PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV -Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running +=item Functions in file pp_ctl.c -=item Internal Variable Types +find_runcv -=item Op Trees +=item Global Variables -=item Stacks +PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, +PL_rs -Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack +=item GV Functions -=item Millions of Macros +is_gv_magical -=item Poking at Perl +=item IO Functions -=item Using a source-level debugger +start_glob -run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, -finish, 'enter', print +=item Pad Data Structures -=item Dumping Perl Data Structures +CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon, +pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex, +pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new, +pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef -=item Patching +=item Stack Manipulation Macros -=item Patching a core module +djSP, LVRET -=item Adding a new function to the core +=item SV Manipulation Functions -=item Writing a test +report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas -F, F, F, F, F, F, -F, F, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL +=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers. =over 4 -=item Rational Software's Purify - -=item Purify on Unix - --Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Purify on NT +=item DESCRIPTION -DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug +=over 4 -=item Compaq's/Digital's Third Degree +=item History and Background -=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL +=item Layers vs Disciplines -=item Profiling +=item Data Structures -=item Gprof Profiling +=item Functions and Attributes --a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z +=item Per-instance Data -=item GCC gcov Profiling +=item Layers in action. -=item Pixie Profiling +=item Per-instance flag bits --h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, --z[ero] +PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, +PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, +PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, +PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS -=item CONCLUSION +=item Methods in Detail -I +fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, +PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, +Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, +Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, +Set_ptrcnt + +=item Implementing PerlIO Layers + +C implementations, Perl implementations + +=item Core Layers + +"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8" + +=item Extension Layers + +":encoding", ":scalar", ":via" =back -=item AUTHOR +=item TODO =back -=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records +=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface. =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION +=item SYNOPSIS -=item INTRODUCTION +=item DESCRIPTION -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN +1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B =over 4 -=item PUMPKIN? +=item Co-existence with stdio -=back +B, B, +B, B -=item THE RECORDS +=item "Fast gets" Functions -=over 4 +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B -=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES +=item Other Functions -=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES +PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), +'E' read, 'E' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...) =back -=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS - =back -=head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0 +=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Incompatible Changes +Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the +implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is +the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does +it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is +the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation +tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, +Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words =over 4 -=item 64-bit platforms and malloc - -=item AIX Dynaloading - -=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS - -=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} +=item Keeping in sync -=item Perl Parser Stress Tested +rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the +NFS, rsync'ing the patches -=item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...) +=item Why rsync the source tree -=item Deprecations +It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable -=back +=item Why rsync the patches -=item Core Enhancements +It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start +point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour -=over 4 +=item Perlbug administration -=item PerlIO is Now The Default +=item Submitting patches -=item Signals Are Now Safe +L, L and L, L, +F, The perl5-porters FAQ -=item Unicode Overhaul +=item Finding Your Way Around -=item Understanding of Numbers +Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter -=item Miscellaneous Enhancements +=item Elements of the interpreter -=back +Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Internal Variable Types -=over 4 +=item Op Trees -=item New Modules and Pragmata +=item Stacks -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack -=back +=item Millions of Macros -=item Utility Changes +=item The .i Targets -=item New Documentation +=item Poking at Perl -=item Performance Enhancements +=item Using a source-level debugger -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, +finish, 'enter', print -=over 4 +=item gdb macro support -=item Generic Improvements +=item Dumping Perl Data Structures -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item Patching -=back +=item Patching a core module -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Adding a new function to the core -=over 4 +=item Writing a test -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +F, F, F, F, F, F, +F, F, F, F, F, t/base t/comp, +t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib -=back +=item Special Make Test Targets -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.valgrind check.valgrind +utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third utest.third +ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8, +test_harness -=item Changed Internals +=item Running tests by hand -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST -=item New Tests +=back -=item Known Problems +=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL =over 4 -=item AIX - -=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery - -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item Rational Software's Purify -=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 +=item Purify on Unix -=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured +-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity -=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured +=item Purify on NT -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug -=item OS/390 +=item valgrind -=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 +=item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree -=item Failure of Thread tests +=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL -=item UNICOS +=item Profiling -=item UTS +=item Gprof Profiling -=item VMS +-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +=item GCC gcov Profiling -=item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken +=item Pixie Profiling -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, +-z[ero] -=item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing +=item Miscellaneous tricks -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item CONCLUSION -=item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty +I -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=back -=item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental +=item AUTHOR =back -=item Reporting Bugs +=head2 perlbook - Perl book information -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item HISTORY +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2 +=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List =over 4 =item DESCRIPTION -=item Security Vulnerability Closed - -=item Incompatible Changes +=item To do during 5.6.x =over 4 -=item 64-bit platforms and malloc +=item Support for I/O disciplines -=item AIX Dynaloading +=item Autoload bytes.pm -=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS +=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work -=item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...} +=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags) -=item Deprecations +=item Overloadable regex assertions -=back +=item Unicode -=item Core Enhancements +=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth -=over 4 +=item Typed lexicals for compiler -=item New Modules and Distributions +=item Compiler workarounds for Win32 -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler -=back +=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling -=item Utility Changes +=item Cleaning up exported namespace -=item New Documentation +=item Complete signal handling -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item Out-of-source builds -=over 4 +=item POSIX realtime support -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item UNIX98 support -=item Generic Improvements +=item IPv6 Support -=back +=item Long double conversion -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Locales -=over 4 +=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +=item POSIX Unicode character classes -=back +=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization) -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item Security audit shipped utilities -=item Source Code Enhancements +=item Sort out the uid-setting mess -=over 4 +=item Custom opcodes -=item MAGIC constants +=item DLL Versioning -=item Better commented code +=item Introduce @( and @) -=item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up +=item Floating point handling -=item gcc -Wall +=item IV/UV preservation -=back +=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser -=item New Tests +=item Automate module testing on CPAN -=item Known Problems +=item sendmsg and recvmsg -=over 4 +=item Rewrite perlre documentation -=item AIX +=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles -=item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery +=item Document Win32 choices -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' - -=item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12 +=item Check new modules -=item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured +=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself -=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured +=back -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=item To do at some point -=item OS/390 +=over 4 -=item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130 +=item Remove regular expression recursion -=item Failure of Thread tests +=item Memory leaks after failed eval -=item UNICOS +=item bitfields in pack -=item UTS +=item Cross compilation -=item VMS +=item Perl preprocessor / macros -=item Win32 +=item Perl lexer in Perl -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +=item Using POSIX calls internally -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=item -i rename file when changed -=item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing +=item All ARGV input should act like EE -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item Support for rerunning debugger -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item Test Suite for the Debugger -=item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental +=item my sub foo { } -=back +=item One-pass global destruction -=item Reporting Bugs +=item Rewrite regexp parser -=item SEE ALSO +=item Cache recently used regexps -=item HISTORY +=item Cross-compilation support -=back +=item Bit-shifting bitvectors -=head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1 +=item debugger pragma -=over 4 +=item use less pragma -=item DESCRIPTION +=item switch structures -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item Cache eval tree -=item Incompatible Changes +=item rcatmaybe -=item Core Enhancements +=item Shrink opcode tables -=over 4 +=item Optimize away @_ -=item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable +=item Prototypes versus indirect objects -=item PerlIO is Now The Default +=item Install HTML -=item Signals Are Now Safe +=item Prototype method calls -=back +=item Return context prototype declarations -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item magic_setisa -=over 4 +=item Garbage collection -=item New Modules +=item IO tutorial -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item Rewrite perldoc -=back +=item Install .3p manpages -=item Performance Enhancements +=item Unicode tutorial -=item Utility Changes +=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2 -=item New Documentation +=item Retargetable installation -=over 4 +=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems -=item perlclib +=item Rename Win32 headers -=item perliol +=item Finish off lvalue functions -=item README.aix +=item Update sprintf documentation -=item README.bs2000 +=item Use fchown/fchmod internally -=item README.macos +=item Make v-strings overloaded objects -=item README.mpeix +=item Allow restricted hash assignment -=item README.solaris +=item Should overload be inheritable? -=item README.vos +=item Taint rethink -=item Porting/repository.pod +=item Perform correctly when XSUBs call subroutines that exit via +goto(LABEL) and friends =back -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item Vague ideas =over 4 -=item New Or Improved Platforms +=item ref() in list context -=item Generic Improvements +=item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context -d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, -need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, -d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep +=item Compile to real threaded code -=back +=item Structured types -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Modifiable $1 et al. -=over 4 +=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc. -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +=item RPC modules -=back +=item Attach/detach debugger from running program -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item GUI::Native -=item Changed Internals +=item foreach(reverse ...) -=item New Tests +=item Constant function cache -=item Known Problems +=item Approximate regular expression matching + +=back + +=item Ongoing =over 4 -=item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl +=item Update guts documentation -=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item Add more tests -=item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +=item Update auxiliary tools -=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +=item Create debugging macros -=item lib/b test 19 +=item truncate to the people -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=item Unicode in Filenames -=item sigaction test 13 in VMS +=back -=item sprintf tests 129 and 130 +=item Unicode in %ENV -=item Failure of Thread tests +=item Recently done things -=item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory +=over 4 -=item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden +=item Alternative RE syntax module -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item Safe signal handling -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item Tie Modules -=back +=item gettimeofday -=item Reporting Bugs +=item setitimer and getimiter -=item SEE ALSO +=item Testing __DIE__ hook -=item HISTORY +=item CPP equivalent in Perl -=back +=item Explicit switch statements -=head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0 +=item autocroak -=over 4 +=item UTF/EBCDIC -=item DESCRIPTION +=item UTF Regexes -=item Security Vulnerability Closed +=item perlcc to produce executable -=item Incompatible Changes +=item END blocks saved in compiled output -=item Core Enhancements +=item Secure temporary file module -=item Modules and Pragmata +=item Integrate Time::HiRes -=over 4 +=item Turn Cwd into XS -=item New Modules +=item Mmap for input -=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata +=item Byte to/from UTF-8 and UTF-8 to/from local conversion -=back +=item Add sockatmark support -=item Utility Changes +=item Mailing list archives -=item New Documentation +=item Bug tracking -=item Performance Enhancements +=item Integrate MacPerl -=item Installation and Configuration Improvements +=item Web "nerve center" for Perl -=over 4 +=item Regular expression tutorial -=item Generic Improvements +=item Debugging Tutorial -=back +=item Integrate new modules -=item Selected Bug Fixes +=item Integrate profiler -=over 4 +=item Y2K error detection -=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes +=item Regular expression debugger -=back +=item POD checker -=item New or Changed Diagnostics +=item "Dynamic" lexicals -=item Changed Internals +=item Cache precompiled modules -=item Known Problems +=back + +=item Deprecated Wishes =over 4 -=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect +=item Loop control on do{} -=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform +=item Lexically scoped typeglobs -=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles +=item format BOTTOM -=item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure' +=item report HANDLE -=item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX +=item Generalised want()/caller()) -=item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris +=item Named prototypes -=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48 +=item Built-in globbing -=item Storable tests fail in some platforms +=item Regression tests for suidperl -=item Threads Are Still Experimental +=item Cached hash values -=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental +=item Add compression modules -=back +=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references -=item Reporting Bugs +=item Remove distinction between functions and operators -=item SEE ALSO +=item Make XS easier to use -=item HISTORY +=item Make embedding easier to use -=back +=item man for perl -=head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0 +=item my $Package::variable -=over 4 +=item "or" tests defined, not truth -=item DESCRIPTION +=item "class"-based lexicals -=item Core Enhancements +=item byteperl -=over 4 +=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal -=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency - -=item Lexically scoped warning categories +=item Make "use utf8" the default -=item Unicode and UTF-8 support +=item Unicode collation and normalization -=item Support for interpolating named characters +=item pack/unpack tutorial -=item "our" declarations +=back -=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals +=back -=item Improved Perl version numbering system +=head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format. -=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes +=over 4 -=item File and directory handles can be autovivified +=item SYNOPSIS -=item open() with more than two arguments +=item DESCRIPTION -=item 64-bit support +=item OPTIONS -=item Large file support +B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f> +I, B<-q> I, B<-T>, B<-d> +I, B<-o> I, B<-M> I, +B<-w> I or B<-w> I

    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates -a
tag) +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back -=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS +=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes =over 4 -=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: +=item SYNOPSIS -=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER +=over 4 -B, 4, 5, 6.. +=item Built-in Attributes -=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: +locked, method, lvalue -=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: +=item Available Subroutines -=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL +get, reftype -B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> -(B<-query_string>), B<-base> +=item Package-specific Attribute Handling -=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS +FETCH_I_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I_ATTRIBUTES + +=item Syntax of Attribute Lists =back -=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: +=item EXPORTS =over 4 -=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS - -=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS +=item Default exports -=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION +=item Available exports -=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS +=item Export tags defined -=item AUTOESCAPING HTML +=back -$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = -charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); +=item EXAMPLES -=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: +=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used =over 4 -=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG - -=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM +=item SYNOPSIS -B, B +=item DESCRIPTION -=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD +=item WARNING -B +=item AUTHOR -=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD +=item SEE ALSO -=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD +=back -=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD +=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A POPUP MENU +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST +=item DESCRIPTION -B +=item HISTORY -=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES +=item CAVEATS -B +=item SEE ALSO -=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX +=back -B +=head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl -=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS -=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON +=item DESCRIPTION -B +=over 4 -=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON +=item OPTIONS -=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON +a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version -=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD +=item MATH LIBRARY -B +=item INTERNAL FORMAT -=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON +=item SIGN -B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment -type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE +=item METHODS -=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON +=item CAVEAT =back -=item HTTP COOKIES +=item MODULES USED -1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> +=item EXAMPLES -=item WORKING WITH FRAMES +=item LICENSE -1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the -document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in -the
tag +=item SEE ALSO -=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS +=item AUTHORS -=item DEBUGGING +=back -=over 4 +=head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl -=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES +=item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B, B, -B, B, B Return the script -name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, -B, B, B, -B, B, B, B +=over 4 -=item USING NPH SCRIPTS +=item OPTIONS -In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> -parameters +a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version -=item Server Push +=item METHODS -multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() +=item CAVEAT -=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks +inf(), NaN(), upgrade() -B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script -basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> +=item MATH LIBRARY -=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL +=item INTERNAL FORMAT -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item SIGN -=item CREDITS +=back -Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor -(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell -(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg -(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick -(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis -(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen -(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim -MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks -(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed -Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug -MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), -...and many many more.. +=item MODULES USED -=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT +=item EXAMPLES -=item BUGS +=item LICENSE =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS + =back -=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm +=head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item MODULES USED + +=item MATH LIBRARY + +=item SIGN + +=item METHODS + +=item CAVEAT + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + + perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)' + perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255' + perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255' + perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3' + perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()'; + +=item LICENSE =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHORS + =back -=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or -other) error log +=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character +semantics + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item LIMITATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal +escapes + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS + +=item CUSTOM ALIASES + +=over 4 + +=item Anonymous hashes + +=item Alias file + +=item Alias shortcut + +=back + +=item charnames::viacode(code) + +=item charnames::vianame(name) + +=item ALIASES + +=item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item NOTES + +=over 4 + +=item List constants + +=item Defining multiple constants at once + +=item Magic constants + +=back + +=item TECHNICAL NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning +diagnostics + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The C Pragma + +=item The I Program + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item INTERNALS + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8 + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=over 4 + +=item Literal Conversions + +=item PerlIO layers for C + +=back + +=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1 + +"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle + +=item USAGE + +use encoding [I] ;, use encoding I [ STDIN =E +I ...] ;, use encoding I Filter=E1;, no encoding; + +=item The Filter Option + +=over 4 + +=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87 + +=back + +=item CAVEATS + +=over 4 + +=item NOT SCOPED + +=item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS + +=item tr/// with ranges + +Legend of characters above + +=back + +=item EXAMPLE - Greekperl + +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS + +literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format + +=item HISTORY + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 fields - compile-time class fields + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +new, phash + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item subpragma access + +=back + +=back + +=head2 if - C a Perl module if a condition holds + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating +point + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Adding directories to @INC + +=item Deleting directories from @INC + +=item Restoring original @INC + +=back + +=item CAVEATS + +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in +operations + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY + +=item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Declaration of overloaded functions + +=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations + +FALSE, TRUE, C + +=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations + +=item Calling Conventions for Mutators + +C<++> and C<-->, C and other assignment versions + +=item Overloadable Operations + +I, I, I, +I, I, I, I, I, I + +=item Inheritance and overloading + +Strings as values of C directive, Overloading of an operation +is inherited by derived classes + +=back + +=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C + +=over 4 + +=item Last Resort + +=item Fallback + +C, TRUE, defined, but FALSE + +=item Copy Constructor + +B + +=back + +=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION + +I, I, +I, C, I, I, +I, I, I, I, +I + +=item Losing overloading + +=item Run-time Overloading + +=item Public functions + +overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op) + +=item Overloading constants + +integer, float, binary, q, qr + +=item IMPLEMENTATION + +=item Metaphor clash + +=item Cookbook + +=over 4 + +=item Two-face scalars + +=item Two-face references + +=item Symbolic calculator + +=item I symbolic calculator + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable +type, `%s' is not a code reference + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +=over 4 + +=item SIGNAL HANDLERS + +B, B, B I + +=item SIGNAL LISTS + +B, B, B + +=item OTHER + +B, B, I, I + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=back + +=head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEATS + +=back + +=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +C, C, C + +=item HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data +structures between threads + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item EXPORT + +=item FUNCTIONS + +share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, +cond_broadcast VARIABLE + +=item NOTES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source +code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Utility functions + +$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[, +FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), utf8::decode($string), $flag = +utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING) + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item What IS a version + +Numeric Versions, V-String Versions + +=item Numeric Versions + +=item V-String Versions + +=item Object Methods + +New Operator, Stringification, Numification, Comparison operators, Logical +Operators + +=item Quoting + +=item Types of Versions Objects + +Ordinary versions, alpha versions + +=item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION + +=back + +=item EXPORT + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +C, C, C, C + +=back + +=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), +warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), +warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), +warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), +warnings::warnif($object, $message) + +=back + +=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION + +=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item DBM Comparisons + +[0], [1], [2], [3] + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers + +=over 4 + +=item VERSION + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] + +=over 4 + +=item Typed lexicals + +=item Type-specific attribute handlers + +=item Non-interpretive attribute handlers + +=item Phase-specific attribute handlers + +=item Attributes as C interfaces + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item AUTHOR + +=item BUGS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Subroutine Stubs + +=item Using B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine + +=item Overriding B's AUTOLOAD Subroutine + +=item Package Lexicals + +=item Not Using AutoLoader + +=item B vs. B + +=back + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +$keep, $check, $modtime + +=over 4 + +=item Multiple packages + +=back + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=back + +=head2 B - The Perl Compiler + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OVERVIEW + +=item Utility Functions + +=over 4 + +=item Functions Returning C, C, C, and C +objects + +sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av, +check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv + +=item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table + +walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX) + +=item Functions Returning C objects or for walking op trees + +main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG) + +=item Miscellaneous Utility Functions + +ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), +perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names + +=back + +=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES + +=over 4 + +=item SV-RELATED CLASSES + +=item B::SV Methods + +REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref + +=item B::IV Methods + +IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv + +=item B::NV Methods + +NV, NVX + +=item B::RV Methods + +RV + +=item B::PV Methods + +PV, RV, PVX + +=item B::PVMG Methods + +MAGIC, SvSTASH + +=item B::MAGIC Methods + +MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX + +=item B::PVLV Methods + +TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG + +=item B::BM Methods + +USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE + +=item B::GV Methods + +is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, +LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS + +=item B::IO Methods + +LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, +BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD + +=item B::AV Methods + +FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS + +=item B::CV Methods + +STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB, +XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv + +=item B::HV Methods + +FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY + +=item OP-RELATED CLASSES + +=item B::OP Methods + +next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private + +=item B::UNOP METHOD + +first + +=item B::BINOP METHOD + +last + +=item B::LOGOP METHOD + +other + +=item B::LISTOP METHOD + +children + +=item B::PMOP Methods + +pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags, +pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset + +=item B::SVOP METHOD + +sv, gv + +=item B::PADOP METHOD + +padix + +=item B::PVOP METHOD + +pv + +=item B::LOOP Methods + +redoop, nextop, lastop + +=item B::COP Methods + +label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate +bytecode + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +%insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I, B<-s> + +=item KNOWN BUGS + +=item NOTICE + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>, +B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>, +B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>, +B<-llimit> + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>, +B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>, +B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On> + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item BUGS + +=item DIFFERENCES + +=over 4 + +=item Loops + +=item Context of ".." + +=item Arithmetic + +=item Deprecated features + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>, +B<-main>, B<-base>I, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>, +B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env> + +=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS + +B<(x(>IB<;>IB<)x)>, B<(*(>IB<)*)>, +B<(*(>IB<;>IB<)*)>, B<(?(>IB<#>IIB<)?)>, +B<#>I, B<#>II, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>, +B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>, +B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>, +B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>, +B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, +B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum> + +=item ABBREVIATIONS + +=over 4 + +=item OP flags abbreviations + +=item OP class abbreviations + +=back + +=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-d>, B<-f>I, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I, B, +BI, B, BIB<.>, B<-x>I + +=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE + +=over 4 + +=item Synopsis + +=item Description + +=item new + +=item ambient_pragmas + +strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits + +=item coderef2text + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS + +B, B and B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B + +=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS + +B<-u Package> + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CONVENTIONS + +=item IMPLEMENTATION + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded + +=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OPTIONS + +C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]> + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Methods + +new, debug, iters + +=item Standard Exports + +timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), +timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( +TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] ) + +=item Optional Exports + +clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ +STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), +disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 ) + +=item :hireswallclock + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item INHERITANCE + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item MODIFICATION HISTORY + +=back + +=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item OPTIONS + +B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I, B<-s> + +=item KNOWN BUGS + +=item NOTICE + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item PROGRAMMING STYLE + +=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES + +=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE): + +=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE + +=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY: + +=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT: + +=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER: + +=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER: + +=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER: + +=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE: + +=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY: + +=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS: + +=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST: + +=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH: + +=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE: + +=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS + +=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE + +B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>, +B<:standard>, B<:all> + +=item PRAGMAS + +-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, +-newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, +-private_tempfiles + +=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS + +1. start_table() (generates a tag), 2. end_table() (generates a +
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates +a
tag) + +=back + +=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS + +=over 4 + +=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: + +=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER + +=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER + +B, 4, 5, 6.. + +=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: + +=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: + +=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL + +B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query> +(B<-query_string>), B<-base> + +=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS + +=back + +=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: + +=over 4 + +=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION + +=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS + +=item AUTOESCAPING HTML + +$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = +charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); + +=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML + +=back + +=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: + +=over 4 + +=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG + +=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM + +B, B + +=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD + +=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD + +=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A POPUP MENU + +=item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP + +=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST + +B + +=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES + +B + +=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX + +B + +=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP + +B + +=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON + +B + +=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON + +=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON + +=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD + +B + +=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON + +B, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment +type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE + +=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON + +=back + +=item HTTP COOKIES + +1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, +B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure> + +=item WORKING WITH FRAMES + +1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the +document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in +the tag + +=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS + +=item DEBUGGING + +=over 4 + +=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS + +=back + +=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES + +B, B, B, B, +B, B, B Return the script +name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B, B, B, B, B, +B, B, B, +B, B, B, B + +=item USING NPH SCRIPTS + +In the B statement, By calling the B method:, By using B<-nph> +parameters + +=item Server Push + +multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final() + +=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks + +B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script +basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts> + +=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item CREDITS + +Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor +(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell +(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg +(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick +(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis +(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen +(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim +MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks +(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed +Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug +MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), +...and many many more.. + +=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Carp, B - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or +other) error log + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES + +=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW + +=over 4 + +=item Changing the default message + +=back + +=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS + +=item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USING CGI::Cookie + +B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> + +=over 4 + +=item Creating New Cookies + +=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser + +=item Recovering Previous Cookies + +=item Manipulating Cookies + +B, B, B, B, B + +=back + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE + +=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS + +=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS + +=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS + +=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION + +FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE + +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Tags that won't be formatted + +=item Customizing the Indenting + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USING CGI::Push + +-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph + +=over 4 + +=item Heterogeneous Pages + +=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly + +=back + +=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item AUTHOR INFORMATION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item STATUS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Interactive Mode + +Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, +install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or +distribution, ls author, Signals + +=item CPAN::Shell + +=item autobundle + +=item recompile + +=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution + +=item Programmer's interface + +expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples + +=item Methods in the other Classes + +CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), +CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), +CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), +CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), +CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), +CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), +CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), +CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), +CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), +CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), +CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), +CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), +CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), +CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), +CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), +CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), +CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), +CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), +CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), +CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), +CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), +CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), +CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), +CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), +CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), +CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() + +=item Cache Manager + +=item Bundles + +=item Prerequisites + +=item Finding packages and VERSION + +=item Debugging + +=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode + +=back + +=item CONFIGURATION + +Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE +EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist +optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE +[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> + +=over 4 + +=item Note on urllist parameter's format + +=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support + +=back + +=item SECURITY + +=item EXPORT + +=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES + +=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS + +=over 4 + +=item Three basic types of firewalls + +http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade + +=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall + +=back + +=item FAQ + +1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item TRANSLATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS +module + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Forcing a Stack Trace + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=back + +=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside + +=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS + +the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function +Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) + +=item CAUTIONARY NOTES + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The C function + +=item Class Creation at Compile Time + +=item Element Types and Accessor Methods + +Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or +C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) + +=item Initializing with C + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + +Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 + +=item Author and Modification History + +=back + +=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names) + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item WARNING + +=item GLOSSARY + +=over 4 + +=item _ + +C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> + +=item a + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item b + +C, C, C, C, C, C, C + +=item c + +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item d + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C + +=item e + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item f + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item g + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C + +=item h + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item i + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C + +=item k + +C, C + +=item l + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item m + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item M + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item n + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item o + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C + +=item p + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C + +=item P + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C + +=item q + +C, C + +=item r + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item s + +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item t + +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item u + +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C + +=item v + +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item x + +C, C + +=item y + +C, C + +=item z + +C, C + +=back + +=item NOTE + +=back + +=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item getcwd and friends + +getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd + +=item abs_path and friends + +abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path + +=item $ENV{PWD} + +=back + +=item NOTES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, +subject to +change) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Global Variables + + $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, +@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, +$DB::lineno + +=item API Methods + +CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), +CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() + +=item Client Callback Methods + +CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), +CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), +CLIENT->output(LIST) + +=back + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater + +=item Interface to Berkeley DB + +=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File + +=item Default Parameters + +=item In Memory Databases + +=back + +=item DB_HASH + +=over 4 + +=item A Simple Example + +=back + +=item DB_BTREE =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Changing the BTREE sort order -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Handling Duplicate Keys -=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES +=item The get_dup() Method -=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW +=item The find_dup() Method -=over 4 +=item The del_dup() Method -=item Changing the default message +=item Matching Partial Keys =back -=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS +=item DB_RECNO -=item CHANGE LOG +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item The 'bval' Option -=item SEE ALSO +=item A Simple Example -=back +=item Extra RECNO Methods -=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies +B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, +B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, +length, elements);> -=over 4 +=item Another Example -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=item THE API INTERFACE -=item USING CGI::Cookie +B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = +$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, +$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, +$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> -B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag> +=item DBM FILTERS + +B, B, B, +B =over 4 -=item Creating New Cookies +=item The Filter -=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser +=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. -=item Recovering Previous Cookies +=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. -=item Manipulating Cookies +=back -B, B, B, B, B +=item HINTS AND TIPS -=back +=over 4 -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item Locking: The Trouble with fd -=item BUGS +=item Safe ways to lock a database -=item SEE ALSO +B, B, B + +=item Sharing Databases With C Applications + +=item The untie() Gotcha =back -=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI +=item COMMON QUESTIONS =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Why is there Perl source in my database? -=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE +=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? -=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS +=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? -=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS +=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? -=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS +=back -=item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION +=item REFERENCES -FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE +=item HISTORY -=item CAVEATS +=item BUGS -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item AVAILABILITY -=item BUGS +=item COPYRIGHT =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back -=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code +=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both +printing and C =over 4 @@ -9189,61 +11536,56 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =over 4 -=item Tags that won't be formatted - -=item Customizing the Indenting - -=back - -=item BUGS +=item Methods -=item AUTHOR +I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I +I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), +I<$OBJ>->Reset -=item SEE ALSO +=item Functions -=back +Dumper(I) -=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push +=item Configuration Variables or Methods -=over 4 +=item Exports -=item SYNOPSIS +Dumper -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item USING CGI::Push +=item EXAMPLES --next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph +=item BUGS =over 4 -=item Heterogeneous Pages - -=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly +=item NOTE =back -=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS - -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item AUTHOR -=item BUGS +=item VERSION =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch +=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item ABSTRACT - =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=item PROFILE FORMAT + +=item AUTOLOAD + +=item ENVIRONMENT =item BUGS @@ -9251,7 +11593,7 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =back -=head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module +=head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability =over 4 @@ -9259,13 +11601,21 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR INFORMATION +=over 4 + +=item WriteFile + +=back + +=item ppport.h + +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites +=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer =over 4 @@ -9275,126 +11625,107 @@ FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE =over 4 -=item Interactive Mode +=item Runtime debugging -Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, -install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or -distribution, ls author, Signals +=item Memory footprint debugging -=item CPAN::Shell +=back -=item autobundle +=item EXAMPLES -=item recompile +=over 4 -=item The four C Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution +=item A simple scalar string -=item Programmer's interface +=item A simple scalar number -expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples +=item A simple scalar with an extra reference -=item Methods in the other Classes +=item A reference to a simple scalar -CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), -CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), -CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), -CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), -CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), -CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), -CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), -CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), -CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), -CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), -CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), -CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), -CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), -CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), -CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), -CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), -CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), -CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), -CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), -CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), -CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), -CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), -CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), -CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), -CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), -CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid() +=item A reference to an array -=item Cache Manager +=item A reference to a hash -=item Bundles +=item Dumping a large array or hash -=item Prerequisites +=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer -=item Finding packages and VERSION +=item A reference to a subroutine -=item Debugging +=back -=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode +=item EXPORTS -=back +=item BUGS -=item CONFIGURATION +=item AUTHOR -Cscalar optionE>, Cscalar optionE -EvalueE>, Clist optionE>, Clist -optionE [shift|pop]>, Clist optionE -[unshift|push|splice] ElistE> +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module =over 4 -=item Note on urllist parameter's format +=item SYNOPSIS -=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=item SECURITY +=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests -=item EXPORT +=over 4 -=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES +=item SYNOPSIS -=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +I, I, I -=item Three basic types of firewalls +=item OO INTERFACE -http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade +$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = +Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, +$ctx->add($data,...), $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, +$ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest -=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR =back -=item FAQ +=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm -1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10) +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item AUTHOR +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item FUNCTIONS -=item TRANSLATIONS +md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) -=item SEE ALSO +=item METHODS -=back +$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), +$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest -=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization +=item EXAMPLES -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=item COPYRIGHT -=item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHORS =back -=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS -module +=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles =over 4 @@ -9402,11 +11733,11 @@ module =item DESCRIPTION -=item SEE ALSO +=item NOTES =back -=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) +=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. =over 4 @@ -9416,17 +11747,23 @@ module =over 4 -=item Forcing a Stack Trace +=item Creation -=back +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, C, C, C, +C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, +stopDbSignal -=item BUGS +=item Methods + +dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, +compactDump, veryCompact, set, get =back -=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside +=back -=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree +=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =over 4 @@ -9434,21 +11771,18 @@ module =item DESCRIPTION -=item FUNCTIONS - -the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function -Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) - -=item CAUTIONARY NOTES - -=item COPYRIGHT +@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, +@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), +dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(), +dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), +bootstrap() =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes +=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into +Perl code =over 4 @@ -9458,315 +11792,169 @@ Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) =over 4 -=item The C function +=item Migration from C -=item Class Creation at Compile Time +=item Backward compatible boilerplate -=item Element Types and Accessor Methods +=back -Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or -C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>) +=item Order of initialization: early load() -=item Initializing with C +=over 4 -=back +=item The most hairy case -=item EXAMPLES +=back -Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 +=item LIMITATIONS -=item Author and Modification History +=item AUTHOR =back -=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information +=head2 Encode - character encodings =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names) +=over 4 -=item EXAMPLE +=item Table of Contents -=item WARNING +=back -=item GLOSSARY +=item DESCRIPTION =over 4 -=item _ +=item TERMINOLOGY -C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o> +=back -=item a +=item PERL ENCODING API -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +$octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING, +$octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, +CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, +CHECK]); -=item b +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=item Listing available encodings -=item c +=item Defining Aliases -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item d +=item Encoding via PerlIO -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item Handling Malformed Data -=item e +I = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), +I = Encode::FB_QUIET, I = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode +(I = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I = +Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode (I = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The +bitmask -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item f +=item Unimplemented fallback schemes -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C +=back -=item g +=item Defining Encodings -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item The UTF-8 flag -=item h +Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4: -C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item i +=item Messing with Perl's Internals -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING) -=item k +=back -C, C +=item SEE ALSO -=item l +=item MAINTAINER -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item m +=head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=over 4 -=item M +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item DESCRIPTION -=item n +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item o +=item Alias overloading -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=back -=item p +=item SEE ALSO -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C +=back -=item P +=head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item q +=item SYNOPSIS -C, C +=item ABSTRACT -=item r +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=back -=item s +=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings -=item t +=over 4 -C, C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C +=item SYNOPSIS -=item u +=item DESCRIPTION -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C +=item NOTES -=item v +=item BUGS -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C, C, C +=item SEE ALSO -=item x +=back -C, C +=head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN -=item y +=head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode -C, C +=head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings -=item z +=over 4 -C, C +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item ABSTRACT -=item NOTE +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory +=head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class =over 4 @@ -9776,62 +11964,78 @@ C, C =over 4 -=item getcwd and friends +=item Methods you should implement -getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) -=item abs_path and friends +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings -abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path +-Ename, -Erenew, -Eperlio_ok(), -Eneeds_lines() -=item $ENV{PWD} +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 =back -=item NOTES +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? + +=over 4 + +=item Compiled Encodings + +=back =item SEE ALSO +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes + =back -=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, -subject to -change) +=head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item ABSTRACT + +=item DESCRIPTION + +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) + +=item CAVEATS + +=item TO DO -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item SYNOPSIS +=back -=item DESCRIPTION +=head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings =over 4 -=item Global Variables +=item SYNOPSIS - $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, -@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, -$DB::lineno +=item ABSTRACT -=item API Methods +=item DESCRIPTION -CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), -CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() +=item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)? -=item Client Callback Methods +=item BUGS -CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), -CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), -CLIENT->output(LIST) +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item BUGS - -=item AUTHOR +=head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP* -=back +=head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP -=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x +=head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings =over 4 @@ -9839,136 +12043,149 @@ CLIENT->output(LIST) =item DESCRIPTION -B, B, B +=item BUGS -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater +=back -=item Interface to Berkeley DB +=head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR -=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File +=head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding -=item Default Parameters +=over 4 -=item In Memory Databases +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item ABSTRACT -=item DB_HASH +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item BUGS -=item A Simple Example +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item DB_BTREE +=head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO =over 4 -=item Changing the BTREE sort order +=item Overview -=item Handling Duplicate Keys +=item How does it work? -=item The get_dup() Method +=item Line Buffering -=item The find_dup() Method +=over 4 -=item The del_dup() Method +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? -=item Matching Partial Keys +=back + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=item DB_RECNO +=head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode =over 4 -=item The 'bval' Option +=item DESCRIPTION -=item A Simple Example +=over 4 -=item Extra RECNO Methods +=item Encoding Names -B<$X-Epush(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-Epop ;>, B<$X-Eshift>, -B<$X-Eunshift(list) ;>, B<$X-Elength>, B<$X-Esplice(offset, -length, elements);> +=back -=item Another Example +=item Supported Encodings -=back +=over 4 -=item THE API INTERFACE +=item Built-in Encodings -B<$status = $X-Eget($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = -$X-Eput($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Edel($key [, -$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-Efd ;>, B<$status = $X-Eseq($key, -$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-Esync([$flags]) ;> +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=item DBM FILTERS +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -B, B, B, -B +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -=over 4 +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) -=item The Filter +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN -=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem. +=item Miscellaneous encodings -=item Another Example -- Key is a C int. +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back -=item HINTS AND TIPS +=item Unsupported encodings -=over 4 + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -=item Locking: The Trouble with fd +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology -=item Safe ways to lock a database +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) -B, B, B +=over 4 -=item Sharing Databases With C Applications +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -=item The untie() Gotcha +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS =back -=item COMMON QUESTIONS +=item Glossary + +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 + +=item See Also + +=item References + +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary =over 4 -=item Why is there Perl source in my database? +=item Other Notable Sites -=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" -=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean? +=item Offline sources -=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? +C by Ken Lunde =back -=item REFERENCES +=back -=item HISTORY +=head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings -=item BUGS +=over 4 -=item AVAILABILITY +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item ABSTRACT -=item SEE ALSO +=item DESCRIPTION -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both -printing and C +=head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings =over 4 @@ -9976,76 +12193,58 @@ printing and C =item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item NOTES -=item Methods +=item BUGS -I->new(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Dump I -I->Dump(I, I), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), -I<$OBJ>->Reset +=item SEE ALSO -=item Functions +=back -Dumper(I) +=head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats -=item Configuration Variables or Methods +=over 4 -$Data::Dumper::Indent I I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Purity I I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Pad I I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Varname I I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useqq I I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Terse I I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Freezer I $I->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Toaster I $I->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I $I->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I $I->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Bless I $I->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I $I->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Useperl I $I->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I $I->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>), -$Data::Dumper::Deparse I $I->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>) +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Exports +=item ABSTRACT -Dumper +L says:, Quick Reference -=back +=item Size, Endianness, and BOM -=item EXAMPLES +=over 4 -=item BUGS +=item by size -=item AUTHOR +=item by endianness -=item VERSION +BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order + +=back + +=item Surrogate Pairs =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler +=head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item PROFILE FORMAT - -=item AUTOLOAD - -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item ABSTRACT -=item BUGS +=item In Practice =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to +encodings =over 4 @@ -10053,19 +12252,30 @@ Dumper =item DESCRIPTION +As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code +reference, e.g.: + =over 4 -=item WriteFile +=item Alias overloading =back -=item AUTHOR - =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- +Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by +Encode::CN + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by +Encode + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode +Implementation Base Class =over 4 @@ -10075,292 +12285,316 @@ Dumper =over 4 -=item Runtime debugging +=item Methods you should implement -=item Memory footprint debugging +-Eencode($string [,$check]), -Edecode($octets [,$check]), +-Ecat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) + +=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings + +-Ename, -Erenew, -Eperlio_ok(), -Eneeds_lines() + +=item Example: Encode::ROT13 =back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Why the heck Encode API is different? =over 4 -=item A simple scalar string +=item Compiled Encodings -=item A simple scalar number +=back -=item A simple scalar with an extra reference +=item SEE ALSO -=item A reference to a simple scalar +Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes -=item A reference to an array +=back -=item A reference to a hash +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from +data -=item Dumping a large array or hash +=over 4 -=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer +=item SYNOPSIS -=item A reference to a subroutine +=item ABSTRACT -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=item EXPORTS +Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, +Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), +guess_encoding($data, [, I]) -=item BUGS +=item CAVEATS -=item AUTHOR +=item TO DO =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by +Encode::JP::2022_JP* + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used +by Encode::JP + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally +used by Encode::KR + +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' +and 'Q' header encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS +=item ABSTRACT + =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + +=item SEE ALSO + =back -=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document +on Encode and PerlIO =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Overview -=item DESCRIPTION +=item How does it work? -I, I, I +=item Line Buffering -=item OO INTERFACE +=over 4 -$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = -Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), -$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest +=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHOR +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings +supported by Encode =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS - =item DESCRIPTION -=item FUNCTIONS - -md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) +=over 4 -=item METHODS +=item Encoding Names -$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), -$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest +=back -=item EXAMPLES +=item Supported Encodings -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item Built-in Encodings -=item AUTHORS +=item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings -=back +=item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII -=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles +ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for +the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 -=over 4 +=item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) -=item SYNOPSIS +Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, +Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, +Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Miscellaneous encodings -=item NOTES +Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess =back -=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. +=item Unsupported encodings -=over 4 + ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, +Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran +System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, +Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) =over 4 -=item Creation +=item Microsoft-related naming mess -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, C, C, C, -C, C, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, -stopDbSignal +KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS -=item Methods +=back -dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, -veryCompact, set, get +=item Glossary -=back +character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme +(CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, +UTF-16 -=back +=item See Also -=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=item References + +ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, +RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item Other Notable Sites -=item DESCRIPTION +czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: +"Introduction to i18n" + +=item Offline sources -@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, -@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), -dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), -dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), -bootstrap() +C by Ken Lunde -=item AUTHOR +=back =back -=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into -Perl code +=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 +encoding =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION +=item ABSTRACT -=item AUTHOR +=item In Practice + +=item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Encode - character encodings +=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder =over 4 =item SYNOPSIS -=item DESCRIPTION - -=over 4 +=item ABSTRACT -=item TERMINOLOGY +=item Description -=back +=over 4 -=item ENCODINGS +=item Predefined Methods -=over 4 +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=item Characteristics of an Encoding +=item Example: base64 transcoder -=item Types of Encodings +=item Operator Overloading -Fixed length 8-bit (or less) encodings, Fixed length 16-bit encodings, -Fixed length 32-bit encodings, Multi-byte encodings, "Escape" encodings +=back -=item Specifying Encodings +=item SEE ALSO -1. By name, 2. As an object +=back -=item Encoding Names +=head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in +non-ascii or non-utf8 -The MIME name as defined in IETF RFCs, The name in the IANA registry, The -name used by the organization that defined it +=over 4 -=back +=item SYNOPSIS -=item PERL ENCODING API +=item ABSTRACT =over 4 -=item Generic Encoding Interface +=item Literal Conversions -=item Handling Malformed Data +=item PerlIO layers for C -Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes +=back -=item UTF-8 / utf8 +=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1 -=item Other Encodings of Unicode +"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle -=item Listing available encodings +=item USAGE -=item Defining Aliases +use encoding [I] ;, use encoding I [ STDIN =E +I ...] ;, use encoding I Filter=E1;, no encoding; -As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code -reference, e.g.: +=item The Filter Option -=item Defining Encodings +=over 4 + +=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87 =back -=item Encoding and IO +=item CAVEATS -=item Encoding How to ... +=over 4 -IO with mixed content (faking iso-2020-*), MIME's Content-Length:, UTF-8 -strings in binary data, Perl/Encode wrappers on non-Unicode XS modules +=item NOT SCOPED -=item Messing with Perl's Internals +=item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS -is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), valid_utf8(STRING) +=item tr/// with ranges -=item IMPLEMENTATION CLASSES +Legend of characters above --Ename, -Enew_sequence, -Eencode($string,$check), --Edecode($octets,$check) +=back -=over 4 +=item EXAMPLE - Greekperl -=item Compiled Encodings +=item KNOWN PROBLEMS -.enc, .ucm, .ucm, .c, .xs, ascii and iso-8859-*, IBM-1047 and two other -variants of EBCDIC, symbol and dingbats as used by Tk on X11 +literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format -=back +=item HISTORY =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 Encode::EncodeFormat, EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables -of the Encode extension +=head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder =over 4 -=item DESCRIPTION - -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B - -=item KEYWORDS +=item SYNOPSIS -=item COPYRIGHT +=item ABSTRACT -=back +=item Description -=head2 Encode::Tcl - Tcl encodings +=over 4 -=head2 EncodeFormat - the format of encoding tables of the Encode extension +=item Predefined Methods -=over 4 +$e = Encode::Encoder-Enew([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), +$e-Edata([$data]), $e-Eencoding([$encoding]), +$e-Ebytes([$encoding]) -=item DESCRIPTION +=item Example: base64 transcoder -[1] B, [2] B, [3] B, [4] B +=item Operator Overloading -=item KEYWORDS +=back -=item COPYRIGHT +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -10422,9 +12656,19 @@ arrays =item Selecting What To Export +=item How to Import + +C, C, C + +=back + +=item Advanced features + +=over 4 + =item Specialised Import Lists -=item Exporting without using Export's import method +=item Exporting without using Exporter's import method =item Module Version Checking @@ -10432,6 +12676,8 @@ arrays =item Tag Handling Utility Functions +=item Generating combined tags + =item Ced Constants =back @@ -10442,7 +12688,7 @@ arrays =over 4 -=item SYNOPIS +=item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION @@ -10489,6 +12735,26 @@ test_f file =back +=head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B + +=back + +B + +B + +B + +B + =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants =over 4 @@ -10507,6 +12773,8 @@ IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF C_stringify NAME +perl_stringify NAME + constant_types memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT @@ -10521,50 +12789,235 @@ params WHAT dump_names -dogfood +dogfood + +C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item +def_post, utf8 + +XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME + +autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER + +WriteMakefileSnippet + +WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, +BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME + +=over 4 + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item @EXPORT + +=item FUNCTIONS + +xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), +ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=back + +B I + +B + +B + +_autosplit + +=over 4 + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +B + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LICENSE + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item USAGE + +=item FUNCTIONS + +new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), +packlist(), version() + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For +dynamic extensions at load time + +=over 4 + +=item EXTRALIBS + +=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH + +=item BSLOADLIBS + +=back + +=item PORTABILITY + +=over 4 + +=item VMS implementation + +=item Win32 implementation + +=back + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods + +installvars + +=back + +os_flavor_is + +=over 4 + +=item File::Spec wrappers + +catfile + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods + +B + +=back + +B + +init_VERSION + +wraplist + +manifypods -C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item -def_post +manifypods_target -XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +makemakerdflt_target -autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER +special_targets -WriteMakefileSnippet +POD2MAN_macro -WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, -BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME +test_via_harness -=over 4 +test_via_script -=item AUTHOR +libscan -=back +tool_autosplit -=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications +all_target -=over 4 +metafile_target -=item SYNOPSIS +metafile_addtomanifest_target -=item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 -=item @EXPORT +=item Abstract methods -=item FUNCTIONS +oneliner, B, B, max_exec_len, +B, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform, +platform_constants -xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), -ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) +=back -=item EXAMPLES +os_flavor -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 =item AUTHOR =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10574,7 +13027,12 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules +os_flavor (o) + +init_linker + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10582,20 +13040,17 @@ ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) =item DESCRIPTION -=item USAGE - -=item FUNCTIONS +os_flavor (o) -new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), -packlist(), version() +=back -=item EXAMPLE +cflags (o) -=item AUTHOR +replace_manpage_separator (o) -=back +init_linker -=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -10603,33 +13058,27 @@ packlist(), version() =item DESCRIPTION -For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions - =over 4 -=item EXTRALIBS +=item Overridden methods -=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH +os_flavor -=item BSLOADLIBS +=back =back -=item PORTABILITY +B =over 4 -=item VMS implementation - -=item Win32 implementation - -=back +=item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -10638,56 +13087,68 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive - =back -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +maybe_command -=over 4 +guess_name -=item SYNOPSIS +macify -=item DESCRIPTION +patternify -=back +init_main -catfile +init_others -constants (o) +init_platform, platform_constants -static_lib (o) +init_dirscan -dynamic_bs (o) +init_VERSION (o) -dynamic_lib (o) +special_targets (o) -canonpath +static (o) -perl_script +dlsyms (o) -pm_to_blib +dynamic (o) -test_via_harness (o) +clean (o) -tool_autosplit (override) +clean_subdirs_target -tools_other (o) +realclean (o) -xs_o (o) +realclean_subdirs_target -top_targets (o) +rulez (o) -htmlifypods (o) +processPL (o) -manifypods (o) +os_flavor -dist_ci (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker -dist_core (o) +=over 4 -pasthru (o) +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +os_flavor + +init_platform (o), platform_constants + +const_cccmd (o) + +static_lib (o) + +dynamic_lib (o) =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker @@ -10700,11 +13161,15 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item METHODS +init_dist (o) + =back -perl_archive_after +init_linker -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker +os_flavor + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix =over 4 @@ -10712,40 +13177,54 @@ perl_archive_after =item DESCRIPTION -=item METHODS - =over 4 -=item Preloaded methods +=item Overridden methods -canonpath +os_flavor =back =back -catdir +B -catfile +=over 4 -curdir +=item AUTHOR -rootdir +=item SEE ALSO -updir +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker =over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item SYNOPSIS -c_o (o) +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item METHODS + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Methods + +os_flavor (o) =back +c_o (o) + cflags (o) clean (o) +clean_subdirs_target + const_cccmd (o) const_config (o) @@ -10758,6 +13237,10 @@ depend (o) dir_target (o) +init_DEST + +init_dist + dist (o) dist_basics (o) @@ -10766,9 +13249,23 @@ dist_ci (o) dist_core (o) -dist_dir (o) +B + +B + +B + +B + +zipfile_target + +uutardist_target + +shdist_target + +distdir -dist_test (o) +dist_test dlsyms (o) @@ -10782,10 +13279,10 @@ exescan extliblist -file_name_is_absolute - find_perl +find_tests + =over 4 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile @@ -10800,20 +13297,34 @@ guess_name has_link_code -htmlifypods (o) - init_dirscan +init_DIRFILESEP + init_main init_others +init_INST + +init_INSTALL + +init_linker + +init_lib2arch + +init_PERL + +init_platform (o), platform_constants (o) + +init_PERM + +init_xs + install (o) installbin (o) -libscan (o) - linkext (o) lsdir @@ -10824,30 +13335,22 @@ makeaperl (o) makefile (o) -manifypods (o) - maybe_command -maybe_command_in_dirs - needs_linking (o) nicetext -parse_version - parse_abstract -pasthru (o) +parse_version -path +pasthru (o) perl_script perldepend (o) -ppd - perm_rw (o) perm_rwx (o) @@ -10860,6 +13363,8 @@ post_initialize (o) postamble (o) +ppd + prefixify processPL (o) @@ -10868,8 +13373,18 @@ quote_paren realclean (o) +realclean_subdirs_target + replace_manpage_separator +oneliner (o) + +quote_literal + +escape_newlines + +max_exec_len + static (o) static_lib (o) @@ -10882,16 +13397,16 @@ subdirs (o) test (o) -test_via_harness (o) - -test_via_script (o) +test_via_harness (override) -tool_autosplit (o) +test_via_script (override) tools_other (o) tool_xsubpp (o) +all_target + top_targets (o) writedoc @@ -10902,12 +13417,6 @@ xs_cpp (o) xs_o (o) -perl_archive - -perl_archive_after - -export_list - =over 4 =item SEE ALSO @@ -10933,11 +13442,9 @@ wraplist =back -rootdir (override) - =over 4 -=item SelfLoaded methods +=item Methods guess_name (override) @@ -10945,37 +13452,39 @@ guess_name (override) find_perl (override) -path (override) - maybe_command (override) -maybe_command_in_dirs (override) - perl_script (override) -file_name_is_absolute (override) - replace_manpage_separator +init_DEST + +init_DIRFILESEP + +init_main (override) + init_others (override) +init_platform (override) + +platform_constants + +init_VERSION (override) + constants (override) +special_targets + cflags (override) const_cccmd (override) -pm_to_blib (override) - -tool_autosplit (override) - tool_sxubpp (override) -xsubpp_version (override) - tools_other (override) -dist (override) +init_dist (override) c_o (override) @@ -10983,8 +13492,6 @@ xs_c (override) xs_o (override) -top_targets (override) - dlsyms (override) dynamic_lib (override) @@ -10993,44 +13500,110 @@ dynamic_bs (override) static_lib (override) -manifypods (override) - processPL (override) installbin (override) subdir_x (override) -clean (override) +clean (override) + +clean_subdirs_target + +realclean (override) + +zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o) + +dist_test (override) + +install (override) + +perldepend (override) + +makefile (override) + +find_tests (override) + +test (override) + +makeaperl (override) + +nicetext (override) + +prefixify (override) + +oneliner (o) + +B (o) + +quote_literal + +escape_newlines + +max_exec_len + +init_linker (o) + +eliminate_macros + +fixpath + +os_flavor + +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in +ExtUtils::MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Overridden methods + +B + +=back + +replace_manpage_separator + +B + +B + +B -realclean (override) +B -dist_basics (override) +init_platform (o), platform_constants (o) -dist_core (override) +special_targets (o) -dist_dir (override) +static_lib (o) -dist_test (override) +dynamic_lib (o) -install (override) +clean -perldepend (override) +init_linker -makefile (override) +perl_script -test (override) +xs_o (o) -test_via_harness (override) +pasthru (o) -test_via_script (override) +oneliner (o) -makeaperl (override) +max_exec_len -nicetext (override) +os_flavor -=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in -ExtUtils::MakeMaker +=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X =over 4 @@ -11038,45 +13611,47 @@ ExtUtils::MakeMaker =item DESCRIPTION -=back +=over 4 -catfile +=item Overriden methods -constants (o) +dist_test -static_lib (o) +=back -dynamic_bs (o) +=back -dynamic_lib (o) +subdir_x -canonpath +xs_c -perl_script +xs_cpp -pm_to_blib +xs_o -test_via_harness (o) +clean_subdirs_target -tool_autosplit (override) +realclean_subdirs_target -tools_other (o) +os_flavor -xs_o (o) +=over 4 -top_targets (o) +=item AUTHOR -htmlifypods (o) +=back -manifypods (o) +=head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization -dist_ci (o) +=over 4 -dist_core (o) +=item SYNOPSIS -pasthru (o) +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back -=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile =over 4 @@ -11109,39 +13684,51 @@ pasthru (o) =item Using Attributes and Parameters ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, -CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, -EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS, -HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, -INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR, -INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, -INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, -INST_EXE, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, -INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, -MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, -NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, -PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERM_RW, +CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, +EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, +FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, +INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, +INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, +INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, +INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, +INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, +INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, +LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, +MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, +OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, +PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, -PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PRINT, -PRINT_PREREQ, SKIP, TEST_LIBS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, -XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION +PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, +PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, +VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION =item Additional lowercase attributes -clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, -tool_autosplit +clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, +test, tool_autosplit =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods +=item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming + +C< ' '>> + =item Hintsfile support =item Distribution Support make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, - make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make -shdist, make zipdist, make ci + make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make +uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci + +=item Module Meta-Data =item Disabling an extension +=item Other Handy Functions + +prompt + =back =item ENVIRONMENT @@ -11152,9 +13739,47 @@ PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT =item AUTHORS +=item LICENSE + =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About +MakeMaker + +=over 4 + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Philosophy and History + +Why not just use ?, What's +Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no +shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft + +=item Module Writing + +How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's +this F thing and how did it get in my F?! + +=item XS + +How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter +Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same +directory? + +=back + +=item PATCHING + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker =over 4 @@ -11162,28 +13787,42 @@ PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT =item DESCRIPTION -=item MANIFEST.SKIP +=over 4 -=item EXPORT_OK +=item The Mantra -=item GLOBAL VARIABLES +=item The Layout -=item DIAGNOSTICS +Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP, +bin/ -C I, C I, C I<$!>, -C I +=back -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item SEE ALSO -B +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version agnostic bytes.pm -=item AUTHOR +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform agnostic vmsish.pm + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION =back -=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c +=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file =over 4 @@ -11191,8 +13830,59 @@ B =item DESCRIPTION +=over 4 + +=item Functions + +mkmanifest + +=back + +=back + +manifind + +manicheck + +filecheck + +fullcheck + +skipcheck + +maniread + +manicopy + +maniadd + +=over 4 + +=item MANIFEST + +=item MANIFEST.SKIP + +=item EXPORT_OK + +=item GLOBAL VARIABLES + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +C I, C I, C I, +C I<$!>, C I + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +B + =item SEE ALSO +=item AUTHOR + =back =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader @@ -11302,6 +13992,10 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item AUTHOR + +=item HISTORY + =back =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles @@ -11364,7 +14058,7 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =back -=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree +=head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree. =over 4 @@ -11372,10 +14066,24 @@ rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) =item DESCRIPTION +B, B + +=over 4 + +=item %options + C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C +=item The wanted function + +C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current +filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete +pathname to the file + +=back + =item WARNINGS =item CAVEAT @@ -11418,6 +14126,8 @@ C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item DIAGNOSTICS + =item AUTHORS =back @@ -11442,7 +14152,7 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =back -=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs +=head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs =over 4 @@ -11450,25 +14160,27 @@ splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() =item DESCRIPTION -devnull - =back -tmpdir +canonpath -path +file_name_is_absolute -canonpath() +tmpdir (override) -splitpath +=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs -splitdir +=over 4 -catpath +=item SYNOPSIS -abs2rel +=item DESCRIPTION -rel2abs() +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +canonpath() =over 4 @@ -11552,6 +14264,8 @@ rel2abs =item DESCRIPTION +tmpdir, splitpath + =back =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec @@ -11693,6 +14407,12 @@ catpath =over 4 +=item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers + +=back + +=over 4 + =item SEE ALSO =back @@ -11711,6 +14431,18 @@ catpath =over 4 +=item OO INTERFACE + +B + +=back + +B + +B + +=over 4 + =item FUNCTIONS B @@ -11759,6 +14491,10 @@ B =back +B + +B + =over 4 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES @@ -11795,6 +14531,8 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + =item NOTE =item AUTHOR @@ -11809,8 +14547,14 @@ TopSystemUID =item DESCRIPTION +cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR + +=item CAVEATS + =item BUGS +=item NOTES + =back =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles @@ -11984,7 +14728,8 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item Summary of Option Specifications -!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ] +!, +, s, i, o, f, : I [ I ], : I [ I ], : ++ [ I ] =back @@ -11994,6 +14739,8 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B =item Object oriented interface +=item Thread Safety + =item Documentation and help texts =item Storing options in a hash @@ -12011,9 +14758,14 @@ B<$_>, B<$status>, B and B, B default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always -(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, +(default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help +(default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) +=item Exportable Methods + +VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage + =item Return values and Errors =item Legacy @@ -12039,6 +14791,8 @@ supplied =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly +=item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called + =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? =back @@ -12058,6 +14812,42 @@ clustering =item DESCRIPTION +=item C<--help> and C<--version> + +=back + +=head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Restricted hashes + +lock_keys, unlock_keys + +=back + +=back + +lock_value, unlock_value + +B, B + +B + +=over 4 + +=item CAVEATS + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + =back =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current @@ -12128,88 +14918,93 @@ the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) =item LIST OF LANGUAGES -{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : -Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], -{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : -Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : -Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : -Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : -Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], -[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : -Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, -{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : -Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu -(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak -(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : -Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : -Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : -Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : -Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, -[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], -[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : -Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} -: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : -Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, -{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : -Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and -pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], -[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles -and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : -Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default -(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} -: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : -Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, -{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, -{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English -(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : -Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : -Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} -: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : -Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, -{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, -{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), -{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : -Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : -Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : -Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, +{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : +Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : +Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, +{ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], +{am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, +{arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} +: Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : +Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : +Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} +: Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : +Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} +: Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : +Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : +Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber +(Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, +{bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : +Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : +Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian +(Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central +American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], +{ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} +: Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : +Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : +Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, +{mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} +: French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based +Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : +Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : +Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) +Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, +{dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, +{dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} +: Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : +English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English +(ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : +Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} +: Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : +Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French +(ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : +Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, +{lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, +{de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High +German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} +: Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient +Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : +Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, -{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, -{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], -{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language -Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} -: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : -Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : -Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, -{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : -Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : -Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} -: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, -{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, -{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : -Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} -: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, -{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : -Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : -Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : -Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, -{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : -Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, -{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo -languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : -Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} -: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : -Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : -Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} -: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : -Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : -Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : +{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, +{ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European +(Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua +(International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : +Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : +Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian +languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : +Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, +{kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : +Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} +: Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, +{kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, +{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, +{i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : +Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, +{kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : +Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : +Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : +Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban +(Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} +: Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, +{mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, +{mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : +Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : +Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : +Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, +[{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : +Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : +Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], +{lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple +languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, +{na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, +{ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, -{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, -{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} -: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, -{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, -{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian +{nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : +Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : +Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} +: Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : +Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian @@ -12219,34 +15014,37 @@ Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan -languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], -{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : -Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, -[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, -{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, -{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : -Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], -{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : -Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern -Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} -: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : -Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : -Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : -Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} -: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} -: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, -{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga -(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : -Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish -(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, -{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : -Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : -Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], -{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, -{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, -{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik -languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : -Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni +languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : +Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, +[{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : +Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, +{sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, +{srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign +Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : +Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave +(Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, +{sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : +Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : +South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : +Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, +{sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : +Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, +{tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : +Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : +Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, +{tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, +{ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : +Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} +: Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : +Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, +{umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : +Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} +: Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} +: Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private +Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : +Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} +: Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, +{zun} : Zuni =item SEE ALSO @@ -12286,6 +15084,8 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION +=item DEPRECATED + =back =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles @@ -12297,7 +15097,7 @@ Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni =item DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO @@ -12321,7 +15121,7 @@ new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ) =item SEE ALSO @@ -12437,7 +15237,7 @@ new ( [ HANDLES ] ) add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE @@ -12535,7 +15335,7 @@ handles =item DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), -rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] +rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] =item SEE ALSO @@ -12559,7 +15359,7 @@ new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile =item METHODS -open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ) +open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ) =item SEE ALSO @@ -12678,7 +15478,7 @@ new ( [ HANDLES ] ) add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), -count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] ) +count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) =item EXAMPLE @@ -12916,6 +15716,8 @@ set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST +=item KNOWN BUGS + =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -12934,6 +15736,8 @@ general-utility list subroutines first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST +=item KNOWN BUGS + =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -12949,8 +15753,11 @@ general-utility scalar subroutines =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF + +=item KNOWN BUGS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -12970,7 +15777,7 @@ EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency +Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency =item AUTHOR @@ -12984,40 +15791,28 @@ Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION B, B, B -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES -code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), -country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) - -=back - -=over 4 +code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back +=item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES =over 4 -=item CODE ALIASING +=item alias_code -=back +=item rename_country -=over 4 +=back =item EXAMPLES @@ -13027,10 +15822,10 @@ C, C =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, ISO 3166, -http://www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/, +Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO +3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html, http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, -http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html +http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html =item AUTHOR @@ -13045,41 +15840,26 @@ identification (ISO 4217) =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION XTS, XXX -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES code2currency(), currency2code() -=back - -=over 4 - =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back - -=over 4 - =item EXAMPLES =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995, +http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency =item AUTHOR @@ -13094,39 +15874,23 @@ Locale::Country, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency =item SYNOPSIS -=back - -=over 4 - =item DESCRIPTION -=back - -=over 4 - =item CONVERSION ROUTINES code2language(), language2code() -=back - -=over 4 - =item QUERY ROUTINES C, C -=back - -=over 4 - =item EXAMPLES =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS =item SEE ALSO -Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), +Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html =item AUTHOR @@ -13135,7 +15899,7 @@ http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html =back -=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization +=head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization =over 4 @@ -13224,6 +15988,46 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =back +=head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924) + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item SPECIAL CODES + +=back + +=item CONVERSION ROUTINES + +code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), +script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) + +=item QUERY ROUTINES + +C, C + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS + +=item SEE ALSO + +Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924, +http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/ + +=item AUTHOR + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings =over 4 @@ -13232,7 +16036,7 @@ $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() =item DESCRIPTION -encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str) +encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str) =item DIAGNOSTICS @@ -13253,7 +16057,7 @@ of quoted-printable strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT @@ -13268,7 +16072,7 @@ strings =item DESCRIPTION -encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str); +encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str); =item COPYRIGHT @@ -13305,12 +16109,22 @@ ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale =item Autocreating constants +=over 4 + +=item Math library + +=item Using Math::BigInt::Lite + +=back + =item BUGS -=item CAVEAT +=item CAVEATS stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow +=item SEE ALSO + =item LICENSE =item AUTHORS @@ -13325,93 +16139,321 @@ stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow =item DESCRIPTION -Canonical notation, Input, Output +Input, Output + +=item METHODS + +=over 4 + +=item config + +=item accuracy + +=item precision + +=item brsft + +=item new + +=item bnan + +=item bzero + +=item binf + +=item bone + +=item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf() + +=item is_positive()/is_negative() + + $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0 + $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0 + +=item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int() + +=item bcmp + +=item bacmp + +=item sign + +=item bcmp + +=item bneg + +=item babs + +=item bnorm + +=item bnot + +=item binc + +=item bdec + +=item badd + +=item bsub + +=item bmul + +=item bdiv + +=item bmod + +=item bmodinv + +=item bmodpow + +=item bpow + +=item blsft + +=item brsft + +=item band + +=item bior + +=item bxor + +=item bnot + +=item bsqrt + +=item bfac + +=item round + +=item bround + +=item bfround + +=item bfloor + +=item bceil + +=item bgcd + +=item blcm + +=item exponent + +=item mantissa + +=item parts + +=item copy + +=item as_number + +=item bsstr + +=item as_hex + +=item as_bin + +=back + +=item ACCURACY and PRECISION + +=over 4 + +=item Precision P + +=item Accuracy A + +=item Fallback F + +=item Rounding mode R + +'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy +(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, +Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, +Remarks + +=back + +=item INTERNALS + +=over 4 + +=item MATH LIBRARY + +=item SIGN + +=item mantissa(), exponent() and parts() + +=back + +=item EXAMPLES + + use Math::BigInt; + +=item Autocreating constants + +=item PERFORMANCE + +=over 4 + +=item Alternative math libraries + +=item SUBCLASSING + +=back + +=item Subclassing Math::BigInt + +=item UPGRADING + +=over 4 + +=item Auto-upgrade + +bsqrt(), div(), blog() + +=back + +=item BUGS + +broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior +5.6.0 + +=item CAVEATS + +stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity +handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object +types, bsqrt(), brsft() + +=item LICENSE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=back + +=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item STORAGE + +=item METHODS + +=item WRAP YOUR OWN + +=item LICENSE + +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. + +=item AUTHORS + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 Math::BigInt::Scalar - Pure Perl module to test Math::BigInt with +scalars + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item LICENSE + +This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it +under +the same terms as Perl itself. + +=item AUTHOR + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back -=item ACCURACY and PRECISION +=head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationals =over 4 -=item Precision P - -=item Accuracy A +=item SYNOPSIS -=item Fallback F +=item DESCRIPTION -=item Rounding mode R +=over 4 -'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy -(significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, -Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, -Remarks +=item MATH LIBRARY =back -=item INTERNALS +=item METHODS =over 4 -=item MATH LIBRARY - -=item SIGN +=item new() -=item mantissa(), exponent() and parts() +=item numerator() -=back +=item denominator() -=item EXAMPLES + $d = $x->denominator(); - use Math::BigInt qw(bstr); +=item parts() -=item Autocreating constants +=item as_number() -=item PERFORMANCE +=item bfac() -=over 4 +=item blog() -=item Alternative math libraries +=item bround()/round()/bfround() -=back +=item bmod() -=item BUGS +=item is_one() -Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0 +=item is_zero() -=item CAVEATS +=item is_positive() -stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity -handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object -types, bsqrt() +=item is_negative() -=item LICENSE +=item is_int() -=item SEE ALSO +=item is_odd() -=item AUTHORS +=item is_even() -=back +=item bceil() -=head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt +=item bfloor() -=over 4 + $x->bfloor(); -=item SYNOPSIS +=item config -=item DESCRIPTION +=back -=item EXPORT +=item BUGS -=item WRAP YOUR OWN +inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented +except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer =item LICENSE -This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it -under -the same terms as Perl itself. +=item SEE ALSO =item AUTHORS -=item SEE ALSO - =back =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical @@ -13498,7 +16540,7 @@ cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical =back -=head2 Memoize - Make your functions faster by trading space for time +=head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time =over 4 @@ -13616,23 +16658,6 @@ Storable use =back -=head2 Memoize::Saves - Plug-in module to specify which return values -should be memoized - -=over 4 - -=item SYNOPSIS - -=item DESCRIPTION - -=item CAVEATS - -=item AUTHOR - -=item SEE ALSO - -=back - =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database =over 4 @@ -13663,7 +16688,8 @@ C, C, C =back -=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch +=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method +redispatch =over 4 @@ -13677,6 +16703,10 @@ C, C, C =item Avoiding repetitions +=item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call + +=item Using C methods + =back =item AUTHOR @@ -13704,7 +16734,7 @@ dataend () debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), -ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot () +ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh () =item EXPORTS @@ -13771,15 +16801,16 @@ login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ), -mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( -REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] -), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, -REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( -CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR -] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( -FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, -DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), -pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () +mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), +dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( +LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), +append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size +( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ +BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), +stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), +pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( +SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), +abort (), quit () =over 4 @@ -13796,7 +16827,7 @@ bytes_read (), abort (), close () =item UNIMPLEMENTED -B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B +B, B, B, B, B, B, B =item REPORTING BUGS @@ -13829,11 +16860,12 @@ new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) =item METHODS article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( -[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] -), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( -USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( -SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), slave -(), quit () +[ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ +MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] +), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), +postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, +DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), +post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit () =over 4 @@ -13861,7 +16893,7 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =back -=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1081) +=head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939) =over 4 @@ -13869,18 +16901,16 @@ MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C =item DESCRIPTION -=item EXAMPLES - =item CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] ) =item METHODS -user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( USER, -PASS ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, -FH ] ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( -MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () +user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, +PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM +[, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ +MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item NOTES @@ -13900,19 +16930,29 @@ MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () =item DESCRIPTION -icmp, udp, tcp, stream, external - =over 4 =item Functions -Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, -$timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); +Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos +]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, +$p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( +[ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host +[, $timeout]); =back =item NOTES +=item INSTALL + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + =back =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client @@ -13939,6 +16979,8 @@ ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit () +=item ADDRESSES + =item SEE ALSO =item AUTHOR @@ -14172,6 +17214,8 @@ login (), password (), account (), lpa () =item IMPLEMENTATION +=item BUGS + =item AUTHOR =back @@ -14311,17 +17355,17 @@ cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, -fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, -getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, -getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, -iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, -isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, -longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, -memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, -opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, -qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, -rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, -setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, +fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, +geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, +getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, +isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, +isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, +log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, +memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, +offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, +putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, +rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, +setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, @@ -14337,7 +17381,7 @@ wctomb, write =item POSIX::SigAction -new +new, handler, mask, flags, safe =item POSIX::SigSet @@ -14415,7 +17459,8 @@ Constants =item WAIT -Constants, Macros +Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, +WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG =back @@ -14428,12 +17473,20 @@ name space =item DESCRIPTION -unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw +unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw, pop =over 4 +=item Custom Layers + +:encoding, :via + +=item Alternatives to raw + =item Defaults and how to override them +=item Querying the layers of filehandle + =back =item AUTHOR @@ -14442,7 +17495,19 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =back -=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO. +=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=back + +=head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO =over 4 @@ -14450,9 +17515,11 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =item DESCRIPTION +=item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE + =back -=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl +=head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl =over 4 @@ -14460,14 +17527,19 @@ unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, raw =item DESCRIPTION +=item EXPECTED METHODS + $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), -$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $class->FDOPEN($fd), -$class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh), $obj->FILENO($fh), +$obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), +$obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), +$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) +=item EXAMPLES + =over 4 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle @@ -14476,6 +17548,22 @@ $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) =back +=head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors =over 4 @@ -14512,12 +17600,13 @@ after =back =item Warnings -multiple occurence of link target I, line containing nothing but +multiple occurrence of link target I, line containing nothing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I vs. I), I unescaped CE> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, -Verbatim paragraph in NAME section +Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI without preceding higher +level =item Hyperlinks @@ -14541,6 +17630,8 @@ C<$checker-Epoderror( @args )>, C<$checker-Epoderror( {%opts}, C<$checker-Enum_errors()> +C<$checker-Enum_warnings()> + C<$checker-Ename()> C<$checker-Enode()> @@ -15011,7 +18102,7 @@ escape EE%sE, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back -=head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an LEE formatting code in POD text +=head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LEE formatting code in POD text =over 4 @@ -15019,6 +18110,8 @@ escape EE%sE, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =item DESCRIPTION +=item SEE ALSO + =item AUTHOR =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE @@ -15324,43 +18417,200 @@ I|I =over 4 -=item B +=item B + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item B + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item B + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item B<_push_input_stream()> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item B<_pop_input_stream()> + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item TREE-BASED PARSING + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod! + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item CAVEAT + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item B +=item AUTHOR =back +=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML + =over 4 -=item B +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +=item SEE ALSO -=item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA +=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS + +=item AUTHOR =back +=head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text + =over 4 -=item B<_push_input_stream()> +=item SYNOPSIS -=back +=item DESCRIPTION -=over 4 +alt, indent, loose, sentence, width -=item B<_pop_input_stream()> +=item DIAGNOSTICS -=back +Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, +Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back -=over 4 +=item RESTRICTIONS -=item TREE-BASED PARSING +=item NOTES =item SEE ALSO @@ -15503,13 +18753,13 @@ B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges> =item DESCRIPTION -alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width +alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width =item DIAGNOSTICS Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: -%s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph -"%s", %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d: +%s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s, +%s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back =item RESTRICTIONS @@ -15561,8 +18811,8 @@ text =back -=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII -text with format escapes +=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format +escapes =over 4 @@ -15610,44 +18860,6 @@ C<-pathlist> =back -=head2 Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in -translators. - -=over 4 - -=item HEADINGS - -=item This C a "level 1" heading - -=over 4 - -=item ``Level'' "2 I - -=back - -=item This C a "level 1" heading - -=over 4 - -=item ``Level'' 2 I - -=back - -=item LINKS - -=item OVER AND ITEMS - -This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", B, C, Some longer item -text - -=item FORMATTING CODES - -E, E, E, E, E, E - -=item VERBATIM - -=back - =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files =over 4 @@ -15711,8 +18923,11 @@ Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes =item DESCRIPTION -blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, readonly SCALAR, reftype -EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF +blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, +looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, +set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF + +=item KNOWN BUGS =item COPYRIGHT @@ -15796,14 +19011,14 @@ socket.h defines and structure manipulators =item DESCRIPTION inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, -INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in -SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in -SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, -pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN +INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT, +ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, +unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un +SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =back -=head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures +=head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures =over 4 @@ -15819,6 +19034,12 @@ pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION +=item CODE REFERENCES + +=item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY + +utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable + =item ERROR REPORTING =item WIZARDS ONLY @@ -15841,15 +19062,21 @@ C =back +=item Storable magic + =item EXAMPLES =item WARNING =item BUGS -=item CREDITS +=over 4 -=item TRANSLATIONS +=item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1 + +=back + +=item CREDITS =item AUTHOR @@ -15901,6 +19128,8 @@ C =item DESCRIPTION +=item BUGS + =back =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname @@ -15925,8 +19154,8 @@ interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls =item DESCRIPTION openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, -setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), -closelog +setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added +in 5.004_02), closelog =item EXAMPLES @@ -15946,8 +19175,8 @@ Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls =item DESCRIPTION openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, -setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02), -closelog +setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added +in 5.004_02), closelog =item EXAMPLES @@ -15983,7 +19212,7 @@ ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED =item AUTHORS -=item LICENSE +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back @@ -16043,8 +19272,8 @@ EtabE, ^D, ^U, EdelE, EbsE =back -=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. If -no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. +=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C packages. +If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. =over 4 @@ -16054,8 +19283,8 @@ no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. =item Minimal set of supported functions -C, C, C, C, C, $C, -C, C, Attribs, C +C, C, C, C, C, C, C, +C, Attribs, C =item Additional supported functions @@ -16077,11 +19306,14 @@ C, C, C =item DESCRIPTION +=item QUICK START GUIDE + =over 4 =item Functions -B +C, C I>, C [I<1,5,14>]>, +C sub { ... }>, C \&some_sub> =back @@ -16089,7 +19321,9 @@ B B<_to_value> -B +C + +C, I)> =over 4 @@ -16101,15 +19335,213 @@ NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS =item BUGS and CAVEATS -=item TODO +=item NOTE + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + +=head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item Construction + +B + +=back + +=back + +=over 4 + +=item Setting up tests + +B + +=back + +B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +=over 4 + +=item Running tests + +B + +=back + +B, B + +B, B + +B, B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +B + +=over 4 + +=item Test style + +B + +=back + +B + +B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Output + +B + +=back + +B<_print> + +B, B, B + +=over 4 + +=item Test Status and Info + +B + +=back + +B + +B
+ +B + +B + +B<_sanity_check> + +B<_whoa> + +B<_my_exit> + +=over 4 + +=item THREADS + +=item EXAMPLES + +=item SEE ALSO + +=item AUTHORS + +=item COPYRIGHT + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item The test script output + +B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B, B, +B, B, B, B, B + +=item Taint mode + +=item Configuration variables. + +B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches> + +=item Failure + +B, B, B, B, B, B, B + +=item Functions + +B + +=back + +=back + +B<_all_ok> + +B<_globdir> + +B<_run_all_tests> + +B<_mk_leader> + +B<_leader_width> + +=over 4 + +=item EXPORT + +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +C, C, C, C, C, C + +=item ENVIRONMENT + +C, C, C, +C, C, C, +C, C, C + +=item EXAMPLE =item SEE ALSO -=item AUTHOR +=item AUTHORS + +=item LICENSE + +=item TODO + +=item BUGS =back -=head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries +=head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert =over 4 @@ -16119,9 +19551,9 @@ NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS =over 4 -=item Construction +=item Functions -B +B =back @@ -16129,155 +19561,149 @@ B =over 4 -=item Setting up tests +=item AUTHOR -B +=item SEE ALSO =back -B +=head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator -B +=over 4 -B +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION + +=back + +=head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results =over 4 -=item Running tests +=item SYNOPSIS -B +=item DESCRIPTION -=back +=item Construction -B, B +=over 4 -B +=item C -B +=back -B +=back =over 4 -=item Test style - -B +=item C<_init> =back -B +=over 4 -B, B +=item Analysis =over 4 -=item Output +=item C -B +=back =back -B<_print> +=over 4 -B, B, B +=item C -=over 4 +=back -=item Test Status and Info +=over 4 -B +=item C =back -B +=over 4 -B
I, B +=item C<_switches> -B +=back -B<_sanity_check> +=over 4 -B<_whoa> +=item C<_INC2PERL5LIB> -B<_my_exit> +=back =over 4 -=item EXAMPLES +=item C<_filtered_INC> -=item SEE ALSO +=back -=item AUTHORS +=over 4 -=item COPYRIGHT +=item C<_restore_PERL5LIB> =back -=head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics +=over 4 + +=item Parsing =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item C<_is_comment> -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=back =over 4 -=item The test script output +=item C<_is_header> -B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B, -B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>, B, -B, B, B, B +=back -=item Failure +=over 4 -B, B, B, B, B, B, B +=item C<_is_test> -=item Functions +=back -B +=over 4 -=back +=item C<_is_bail_out> =back -B<_all_ok> - -B<_globdir> +=over 4 -B<_run_all_tests> +=item C<_reset_file_state> -B<_mk_leader> +=back =over 4 -=item EXPORT - -=item DIAGNOSTICS +=item Results -C, C, C, C, C, C +=over 4 -=item ENVIRONMENT +=item C<_detailize> -C, C, C, -C, C, C, -C +=back -=item EXAMPLE +=back -=item SEE ALSO +=over 4 -=item AUTHORS +=item EXAMPLES -=item TODO +=item AUTHOR -=item BUGS +=item SEE ALSO =back @@ -16311,6 +19737,10 @@ B, B B +B + +B + B B @@ -16319,6 +19749,14 @@ B, B =over 4 +=item Diagnostics + +B + +=back + +=over 4 + =item Module tests B @@ -16335,7 +19773,9 @@ B =back -B +B, B + +When do I use SKIP vs. TODO? =over 4 @@ -16353,11 +19793,19 @@ B =over 4 +=item Extending and Embedding Test::More + +B + +=back + +=over 4 + =item NOTES =item BUGS and CAVEATS -Making your own ok(), The eq_* family have some caveats, Test::Harness +Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness upgrades =item HISTORY @@ -16475,6 +19923,10 @@ L =item C +=item C + +[0], [1], [2] + =item C C $listref>, C $listref>, C $str>, @@ -16585,7 +20037,7 @@ unexpand(1) =back -=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl +=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only) =over 4 @@ -16642,9 +20094,12 @@ new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER =back =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably +(for old code) =over 4 +=item CAVEAT + =item SYNOPSIS =item DESCRIPTION @@ -16682,6 +20137,74 @@ SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST =back +=head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C + +=item Option Format + +=back + +=item Public Methods + +=over 4 + +=item C + +=item C + +=item C, C, C, and C + +=item C + +=back + +=item Tying to an already-opened filehandle + +=item Deferred Writing + +=over 4 + +=item Autodeferring + +=back + +=item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES + +=item CAVEATS + +=item SUBCLASSING + +=item WHAT ABOUT C? + +=item AUTHOR + +=item LICENSE + +=item WARRANTY + +=item THANKS + +=item TODO + +=back + =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles @@ -16702,7 +20225,8 @@ EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this =back -=head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes +=head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for +tied hashes =over 4 @@ -16713,12 +20237,34 @@ EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this -=item CAVEATS +=item Inheriting from B + +=item Inheriting from B + +=item C and C =item MORE INFORMATION =back +=head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed + +=over 4 + +=item SYNOPSIS + +=item DESCRIPTION + +=item Inheriting from B + +=item EXAMPLE + +=item BUGS + +=item AUTHOR + +=back + =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys =over 4 @@ -16775,20 +20321,29 @@ timers gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), -alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer, -getitimer ( $which ) +alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( +$which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( +$which ) =item EXAMPLES =item C API +=item DIAGNOSTICS + +=over 4 + +=item negative time not invented yet + +=item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...) + +=back + =item CAVEATS =item AUTHORS -=item REVISION - -=item COPYRIGHT +=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE =back @@ -16804,6 +20359,10 @@ getitimer ( $which ) =item BUGS +=item SUPPORT + +=item AUTHOR + =back =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() @@ -16856,12 +20415,15 @@ function =item DESCRIPTION -$obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD -), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ) +C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C, +C, C<$obj>, C, C, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<< +CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C, C + +=item EXPORTS =back -=head2 Unicode::Collate - use UCA (Unicode Collation Algorithm) +=head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm =over 4 @@ -16873,36 +20435,56 @@ $obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD =item Constructor and Tailoring -alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization, -overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName, -undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower +UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, +normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, +undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower -=item Other methods +=item Methods for Collation C<@sorted = $Collator-Esort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ecmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Eeq($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ene($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Elt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ele($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Egt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-Ege($a, $b)>, -C<$sortKey = $Collator-EgetSortKey($string)>, C<$position = -$Collator-Eindex($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) = -$Collator-Eindex($string, $substring)> +C<$sortKey = $Collator-EgetSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm = +$Collator-EviewSortKey($string)> + +=item Methods for Searching + +C<$position = $Collator-Eindex($string, $substring[, $position])>, +C<($position, $length) = $Collator-Eindex($string, $substring[, +$position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-Ematch($string, $substring)>, +C<($match) = $Collator-Ematch($string, $substring)>, C<@match = +$Collator-Egmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count = +$Collator-Esubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count = +$Collator-Egsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)> + +=item Other Methods + +C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-Echange(%new_tailoring)>, UCA_Version, +Base_Unicode_Version =item EXPORT =item CAVEAT +=item Conformance Test + =back =item AUTHOR =item SEE ALSO -Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L +http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/, +http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt, +http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.html +http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr10/CollationTest.zip, +http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, L =back -=head2 Unicode::Normalize - normalized forms of Unicode text +=head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms =over 4 @@ -16910,12 +20492,36 @@ Unicode Collation Algorithm - Unicode TR #10, L =item DESCRIPTION -C<$string_NFD = NFD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFC = NFC($raw_string)>, -C<$string_NFKD = NFKD($raw_string)>, C<$string_NFKC = NFKC($raw_string)>, -C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)> - =over 4 +=item Normalization Forms + +C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>, +C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>, +C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)> + +=item Decomposition and Composition + +C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string = +decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string = +reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)> + +=item Quick Check + +C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result = +checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result = +check($form_name, $string)> + +=item Character Data + +C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>, +C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>, +C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>, +C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion = +isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>, +C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>, +C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)> + =item EXPORT =back @@ -16924,7 +20530,8 @@ C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $raw_string)> =item SEE ALSO -L, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/ +http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/, +http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt =back @@ -17072,24 +20679,26 @@ Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(), Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(), Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE), Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(), -Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), -Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), -Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), +Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFolderPath(FOLDER [, +CREATE]), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(), +Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), +Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(), Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown, Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(), -Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), -Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, -PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) +Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW), +Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), +Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID), +Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) =back =back -=head2 XS::Typemap - module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl +=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =over 4 @@ -17097,23 +20706,23 @@ PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME) =item DESCRIPTION -=back - =over 4 -=item NOTES +=item Migration from C -=item AUTHOR +=item Backward compatible boilerplate =back -=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code +=item Order of initialization: early load() =over 4 -=item SYNOPSIS +=item The most hairy case -=item DESCRIPTION +=back + +=item LIMITATIONS =item AUTHOR @@ -17128,21 +20737,29 @@ don't all have manual pages yet: =item a2p -=item s2p +=item c2ph -=item find2perl +=item dprofpp =item h2ph -=item c2ph - =item h2xs -=item xsubpp +=item perlbug + +=item perldoc + +=item pl2pm + +=item pod2html =item pod2man -=item wrapsuid +=item s2p + +=item splain + +=item xsubpp =back