X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperlfaq9.pod;h=d1bd593dfe7690c16f2a977b086d5e302a7eb48b;hb=aaa68c4a88ea4a62f62819baf4cacc0ca679c5fa;hp=330158b77b48efc986c4c6977bed6c329098521c;hpb=92c2ed055315fc5be2c58f97c40236945f31f32e;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git

diff --git a/pod/perlfaq9.pod b/pod/perlfaq9.pod
index 330158b..d1bd593 100644
--- a/pod/perlfaq9.pod
+++ b/pod/perlfaq9.pod
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 =head1 NAME
 
-perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 1998/06/22 18:31:09 $)
+perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
 
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ may not be so well received.
 The useful FAQs and related documents are:
 
     CGI FAQ
-        http://www.webthing.com/page.cgi/cgifaq
+        http://www.webthing.com/tutorials/cgifaq.html
 
     Web FAQ
         http://www.boutell.com/faq/
@@ -76,12 +76,13 @@ stamp prepended.
 
 =head2 How do I remove HTML from a string?
 
-The most correct way (albeit not the fastest) is to use HTML::Parse
-from CPAN (part of the libwww-perl distribution, which is a must-have
-module for all web hackers).
+The most correct way (albeit not the fastest) is to use HTML::Parser
+from CPAN.  Another mostly correct
+way is to use HTML::FormatText which not only removes HTML but also
+attempts to do a little simple formatting of the resulting plain text.
 
 Many folks attempt a simple-minded regular expression approach, like
-C<s/E<lt>.*?E<gt>//g>, but that fails in many cases because the tags
+C<< s/<.*?>//g >>, but that fails in many cases because the tags
 may continue over line breaks, they may contain quoted angle-brackets,
 or HTML comment may be present.  Plus folks forget to convert
 entities, like C<&lt;> for example.
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ a solution:
 
     <IMG SRC = "foo.gif" ALT = "A > B">
 
-    <IMG SRC = "foo.gif" 
+    <IMG SRC = "foo.gif"
 	 ALT = "A > B">
 
     <!-- <A comment> -->
@@ -132,12 +133,11 @@ A quick but imperfect approach is
     }gsix;
 
 This version does not adjust relative URLs, understand alternate
-bases, deal with HTML comments, deal with HREF and NAME attributes in
-the same tag, or accept URLs themselves as arguments.  It also runs
-about 100x faster than a more "complete" solution using the LWP suite
-of modules, such as the
-http://www.perl.com/CPAN/authors/Tom_Christiansen/scripts/xurl.gz
-program.
+bases, deal with HTML comments, deal with HREF and NAME attributes
+in the same tag, understand extra qualifiers like TARGET, or accept
+URLs themselves as arguments.  It also runs about 100x faster than a
+more "complete" solution using the LWP suite of modules, such as the
+http://www.perl.com/CPAN/authors/Tom_Christiansen/scripts/xurl.gz program.
 
 =head2 How do I download a file from the user's machine?  How do I open a file on another machine?
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ the same as the startform() method.
 
 =head2 How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
 
-Use the B<E<lt>SELECTE<gt>> and B<E<lt>OPTIONE<gt>> tags.  The CGI.pm
+Use the B<< <SELECT> >> and B<< <OPTION> >> tags.  The CGI.pm
 module (available from CPAN) supports this widget, as well as many
 others, including some that it cleverly synthesizes on its own.
 
@@ -160,8 +160,9 @@ on your system, is this:
     $html_code = `lynx -source $url`;
     $text_data = `lynx -dump $url`;
 
-The libwww-perl (LWP) modules from CPAN provide a more powerful way to
-do this.  They work through proxies, and don't require lynx:
+The libwww-perl (LWP) modules from CPAN provide a more powerful way
+to do this.  They don't require lynx, but like lynx, can still work
+through proxies:
 
     # simplest version
     use LWP::Simple;
@@ -169,11 +170,12 @@ do this.  They work through proxies, and don't require lynx:
 
     # or print HTML from a URL
     use LWP::Simple;
-    getprint "http://www.sn.no/libwww-perl/";
+    getprint "http://www.linpro.no/lwp/";
 
     # or print ASCII from HTML from a URL
+    # also need HTML-Tree package from CPAN
     use LWP::Simple;
-    use HTML::Parse;
+    use HTML::Parser;
     use HTML::FormatText;
     my ($html, $ascii);
     $html = get("http://www.perl.com/");
@@ -213,11 +215,12 @@ Here's an example of decoding:
     $string =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9]{2})/chr(hex($1))/ge;
 
 Encoding is a bit harder, because you can't just blindly change
-all the non-alphanumunder character (C<\W>) into their hex escapes.
+all characters that are not letters, digits or underscores (C<\W>)
+into their hex escapes.
 It's important that characters with special meaning like C</> and C<?>
 I<not> be translated.  Probably the easiest way to get this right is
 to avoid reinventing the wheel and just use the URI::Escape module,
-which is part of the libwww-perl package (LWP) available from CPAN.
+available from CPAN.
 
 =head2 How do I redirect to another page?
 
@@ -236,9 +239,21 @@ because of "optimizations" that servers do.
     print "Location: $url\n\n";
     exit;
 
-To be correct to the spec, each of those C<"\n">
-should really each be C<"\015\012">, but unless you're
-stuck on MacOS, you probably won't notice.
+To target a particular frame in a frameset, include the "Window-target:"
+in the header.
+
+    print <<EOF;
+    Location: http://www.domain.com/newpage
+    Window-target: <FrameName>
+
+    EOF
+
+To be correct to the spec, each of those virtual newlines should really be
+physical C<"\015\012"> sequences by the time you hit the client browser.
+Except for NPH scripts, though, that local newline should get translated
+by your server into standard form, so you shouldn't have a problem
+here, even if you are stuck on MacOS.  Everybody else probably won't
+even notice.
 
 =head2 How do I put a password on my web pages?
 
@@ -303,7 +318,7 @@ In short, they're bad hacks.  Resist them at all costs.  Please do not be
 tempted to reinvent the wheel.  Instead, use the CGI.pm or CGI_Lite.pm
 (available from CPAN), or if you're trapped in the module-free land
 of perl1 .. perl4, you might look into cgi-lib.pl (available from
-http://www.bio.cam.ac.uk/web/form.html).
+http://cgi-lib.stanford.edu/cgi-lib/ ).
 
 Make sure you know whether to use a GET or a POST in your form.
 GETs should only be used for something that doesn't update the server.
@@ -329,7 +344,7 @@ RFC-822 (the mail header standard) compliant, and addresses that aren't
 deliverable which are compliant.
 
 Many are tempted to try to eliminate many frequently-invalid
-mail addresses with a simple regexp, such as
+mail addresses with a simple regex, such as
 C</^[\w.-]+\@([\w.-]\.)+\w+$/>.  It's a very bad idea.  However,
 this also throws out many valid ones, and says nothing about
 potential deliverability, so is not suggested.  Instead, see
@@ -382,12 +397,12 @@ format after minor transliterations:
 
 =head2 How do I return the user's mail address?
 
-On systems that support getpwuid, the $E<lt> variable and the
+On systems that support getpwuid, the $< variable and the
 Sys::Hostname module (which is part of the standard perl distribution),
 you can probably try using something like this:
 
     use Sys::Hostname;
-    $address = sprintf('%s@%s', getpwuid($<), hostname);
+    $address = sprintf('%s@%s', scalar getpwuid($<), hostname);
 
 Company policies on mail address can mean that this generates addresses
 that the company's mail system will not accept, so you should ask for
@@ -411,7 +426,8 @@ Use the C<sendmail> program directly:
     To: Final Destination <you\@otherhost>
     Subject: A relevant subject line
 
-    Body of the message goes here, in as many lines as you like.
+    Body of the message goes here after the blank line
+    in as many lines as you like.
     EOF
     close(SENDMAIL)     or warn "sendmail didn't close nicely";
 
@@ -422,7 +438,12 @@ the message into the queue.  This last option means your message won't
 be immediately delivered, so leave it out if you want immediate
 delivery.
 
-Or use the CPAN module Mail::Mailer:
+Alternate, less convenient approaches include calling mail (sometimes
+called mailx) directly or simply opening up port 25 have having an
+intimate conversation between just you and the remote SMTP daemon,
+probably sendmail.
+
+Or you might be able use the CPAN module Mail::Mailer:
 
     use Mail::Mailer;
 
@@ -437,35 +458,17 @@ Or use the CPAN module Mail::Mailer:
 
 The Mail::Internet module uses Net::SMTP which is less Unix-centric than
 Mail::Mailer, but less reliable.  Avoid raw SMTP commands.  There
-are many reasons to use a mail transport agent like sendmail.  These 
+are many reasons to use a mail transport agent like sendmail.  These
 include queueing, MX records, and security.
 
 =head2 How do I read mail?
 
-Use the Mail::Folder module from CPAN
-(part of the MailFolder package) or the Mail::Internet module from
-CPAN (also part of the MailTools package).
-
-   # sending mail
-    use Mail::Internet;
-    use Mail::Header;
-    # say which mail host to use
-    $ENV{SMTPHOSTS} = 'mail.frii.com';
-    # create headers
-    $header = new Mail::Header;
-    $header->add('From', 'gnat@frii.com');
-    $header->add('Subject', 'Testing');
-    $header->add('To', 'gnat@frii.com');
-    # create body
-    $body = 'This is a test, ignore';
-    # create mail object
-    $mail = new Mail::Internet(undef, Header => $header, Body => \[$body]);
-    # send it
-    $mail->smtpsend or die;
-
-Often a module is overkill, though.  Here's a mail sorter.
-
-    #!/usr/bin/perl 
+While you could use the Mail::Folder module from CPAN (part of the
+MailFolder package) or the Mail::Internet module from CPAN (also part
+of the MailTools package), often a module is overkill, though.  Here's a
+mail sorter.
+
+    #!/usr/bin/perl
     # bysub1 - simple sort by subject
     my(@msgs, @sub);
     my $msgno = -1;
@@ -476,12 +479,12 @@ Often a module is overkill, though.  Here's a mail sorter.
             $sub[++$msgno] = lc($1) || '';
         }
         $msgs[$msgno] .= $_;
-    } 
+    }
     for my $i (sort { $sub[$a] cmp $sub[$b] || $a <=> $b } (0 .. $#msgs)) {
         print $msgs[$i];
     }
 
-Or more succinctly, 
+Or more succinctly,
 
     #!/usr/bin/perl -n00
     # bysub2 - awkish sort-by-subject
@@ -504,7 +507,7 @@ give you the hostname after which you can find out the IP address
     use Socket;
     use Sys::Hostname;
     my $host = hostname();
-    my $addr = inet_ntoa(scalar(gethostbyname($name)) || 'localhost');
+    my $addr = inet_ntoa(scalar gethostbyname($host || 'localhost'));
 
 Probably the simplest way to learn your DNS domain name is to grok
 it out of /etc/resolv.conf, at least under Unix.  Of course, this
@@ -531,11 +534,12 @@ available from CPAN) is more complex but can put as well as fetch.
 
 A DCE::RPC module is being developed (but is not yet available), and
 will be released as part of the DCE-Perl package (available from
-CPAN).  No ONC::RPC module is known.
+CPAN).  The rpcgen suite, available from CPAN/authors/id/JAKE/, is
+an RPC stub generator and includes an RPC::ONC module.
 
 =head1 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
 
-Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington.
+Copyright (c) 1997-1999 Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington.
 All rights reserved.
 
 When included as part of the Standard Version of Perl, or as part of