X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=pod%2Fperl.pod;h=3036f35b2197e7dd352c8d59dca229bfbfb5d1ed;hb=84850974f570c6c594cc0df54611ffc5f0b26130;hp=302f58b94df27d6a85d870af32d21ec83704ac58;hpb=aa6893958c2bfb6fa4ab923c8466c188c65748fd;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/pod/perl.pod b/pod/perl.pod index 302f58b..3036f35 100644 --- a/pod/perl.pod +++ b/pod/perl.pod @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ of sections: perl Perl overview (this section) perldelta Perl changes since previous version + perlfaq Perl frequently asked questions perldata Perl data structures perlsyn Perl syntax @@ -29,11 +30,12 @@ of sections: perlfunc Perl builtin functions perlvar Perl predefined variables perlsub Perl subroutines - perlmod Perl modules + perlmod Perl modules: how they work + perlmodlib Perl modules: how to write and use perlform Perl formats perllocale Perl locale support - perlref Perl references + perlref Perl references perldsc Perl data structures intro perllol Perl data structures: lists of lists perltoot Perl OO tutorial @@ -51,27 +53,38 @@ of sections: perlpod Perl plain old documentation perlbook Perl book information - perlembed Perl how to embed perl in your C or C++ app + perlembed Perl ways to embed perl in your C or C++ application perlapio Perl internal IO abstraction interface perlxs Perl XS application programming interface perlxstut Perl XS tutorial - perlguts Perl internal functions for those doing extensions + perlguts Perl internal functions for those doing extensions perlcall Perl calling conventions from C (If you're intending to read these straight through for the first time, the suggested order will tend to reduce the number of forward references.) -Additional documentation for Perl modules is available in the -F directory. Some of this is distributed standard with -Perl, but you'll also find third-party modules there. You should be able -to view this with your man(1) program by including the proper directories -in the appropriate start-up files. To find out where these are, type: +By default, all of the above manpages are installed in the +F directory. + +Extensive additional documentation for Perl modules is available. The +default configuration for perl will place this additional documentation +in the F directory (or else in the F +subdirectory of the Perl library directory). Some of this additional +documentation is distributed standard with Perl, but you'll also find +documentation for third-party modules there. + +You should be able to view Perl's documentation with your man(1) +program by including the proper directories in the appropriate start-up +files, or in the MANPATH environment variable. To find out where the +configuration has installed the manpages, type: perl -V:man.dir -If the directories were F and F, -you would need to add only F to your MANPATH. If -they are different, you'll have to add both stems. +If the directories have a common stem, such as F +and F, you need only to add that stem +(F) to your man(1) configuration files or your MANPATH +environment variable. If they do not share a stem, you'll have to add +both stems. If that doesn't work for some reason, you can still use the supplied F script to view module information. You might @@ -141,7 +154,7 @@ will continue to work unchanged. Perl variables may now be declared within a lexical scope, like "auto" variables in C. Not only is this more efficient, but it contributes -to better privacy for "programming in the large". Anonymous +to better privacy for "programming in the large". Anonymous subroutines exhibit deep binding of lexical variables (closures). =item * Arbitrarily nested data structures @@ -199,7 +212,7 @@ semantics for undefined subroutine calls. It's not for just autoloading. =item * Regular expression enhancements -You can now specify non-greedy quantifiers. You can now do grouping +You can now specify nongreedy quantifiers. You can now do grouping without creating a backreference. You can now write regular expressions with embedded whitespace and comments for readability. A consistent extensibility mechanism has been added that is upwardly compatible with @@ -207,84 +220,27 @@ all old regular expressions. =item * Innumerable Unbundled Modules -The Comprehensive Perl Archive Network described in L -contains hundreds of plug-and-play modules full of reusable -code. See F for a site near you. +The Comprehensive Perl Archive Network described in L +contains hundreds of plug-and-play modules full of reusable code. +See F for a site near you. =item * Compilability While not yet in full production mode, a working perl-to-C compiler -does exist. It can generate portable bytecode, simple C, or +does exist. It can generate portable byte code, simple C, or optimized C code. =back -Ok, that's I enough hype. +Okay, that's I enough hype. =head1 ENVIRONMENT -=over 12 - -=item HOME - -Used if chdir has no argument. - -=item LOGDIR - -Used if chdir has no argument and HOME is not set. - -=item PATH - -Used in executing subprocesses, and in finding the script if B<-S> is -used. - -=item PERL5LIB - -A colon-separated list of directories in which to look for Perl library -files before looking in the standard library and the current -directory. If PERL5LIB is not defined, PERLLIB is used. When running -taint checks (because the script was running setuid or setgid, or the -B<-T> switch was used), neither variable is used. The script should -instead say - - use lib "/my/directory"; - -=item PERL5DB - -The command used to get the debugger code. If unset, uses - - BEGIN { require 'perl5db.pl' } - -=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL - -Relevant only if your perl executable was built with B<-DDEBUGGING>, -this controls the behavior of global destruction of objects and other -references. - -=item PERLLIB - -A colon-separated list of directories in which to look for Perl library -files before looking in the standard library and the current -directory. If PERL5LIB is defined, PERLLIB is not used. - -=back - -Perl also has environment variables that control how Perl handles data -specific to particular natural languages. See L. - -Apart from these, Perl uses no other environment variables, except -to make them available to the script being executed, and to child -processes. However, scripts running setuid would do well to execute -the following lines before doing anything else, just to keep people -honest: - - $ENV{'PATH'} = '/bin:/usr/bin'; # or whatever you need - $ENV{'SHELL'} = '/bin/sh' if defined $ENV{'SHELL'}; - $ENV{'IFS'} = '' if defined $ENV{'IFS'}; +See L. =head1 AUTHOR -Larry Wall EFE, with the help of oodles of other folks. +Larry Wall >, with the help of oodles of other folks. =head1 FILES @@ -319,8 +275,8 @@ switch? The B<-w> switch is not mandatory. Perl is at the mercy of your machine's definitions of various -operations such as type casting, atof(), and sprintf(). The latter -can even trigger a core dump when passed ludicrous input values. +operations such as type casting, atof(), and floating-point +output with sprintf(). If your stdio requires a seek or eof between reads and writes on a particular stream, so does Perl. (This doesn't apply to sysread() @@ -334,7 +290,7 @@ expression may not compile to more than 32767 bytes internally. You may mail your bug reports (be sure to include full configuration information as output by the myconfig program in the perl source tree, -or by C) to F. +or by C) to >. If you've succeeded in compiling perl, the perlbug script in the utils/ subdirectory can be used to help mail in a bug report.