X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=perlio.c;h=005e7f81e1e30e722a509cc20abc5904d6c9ae03;hb=19d75edaf35287dfc8bc9b6f13bb73a2ca28b226;hp=1c8f65d179d32a117374998e96164293aac23b8a;hpb=847a5fae45dac396d0f9e1bb61d5b4ff9d94cdcd;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git

diff --git a/perlio.c b/perlio.c
index 1c8f65d..005e7f8 100644
--- a/perlio.c
+++ b/perlio.c
@@ -1,12 +1,23 @@
 /*    perlio.c
  *
- *    Copyright (c) 1996-2000, Nick Ing-Simmons
+ *    Copyright (c) 1996-2001, Nick Ing-Simmons
  *
  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
  *
  */
 
+/* If we have ActivePerl-like PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS then we need
+   a dTHX to get at the dispatch tables, even when we do not
+   need it for other reasons.
+   Invent a dSYS macro to abstract this out
+*/
+#ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
+#define dSYS dTHX
+#else
+#define dSYS dNOOP
+#endif
+
 #define VOIDUSED 1
 #ifdef PERL_MICRO
 #   include "uconfig.h"
@@ -93,10 +104,54 @@ PerlIO_apply_layers(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *names)
  return -1;
 }
 
+void
+PerlIO_destruct(pTHX)
+{
+}
+
 int
 PerlIO_binmode(pTHX_ PerlIO *fp, int iotype, int mode, const char *names)
 {
+#ifdef USE_SFIO
+ return 1;
+#else
  return perlsio_binmode(fp,iotype,mode);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* De-mux PerlIO_openn() into fdopen, freopen and fopen type entries */
+
+PerlIO *
+PerlIO_openn(pTHX_ const char *layers, const char *mode, int fd, int imode, int perm, PerlIO *old, int narg, SV **args)
+{
+ if (narg == 1)
+  {
+   if (*args == &PL_sv_undef)
+    return PerlIO_tmpfile();
+   else
+    {
+     char *name = SvPV_nolen(*args);
+     if (*mode == '#')
+      {
+       fd = PerlLIO_open3(name,imode,perm);
+       if (fd >= 0)
+        return PerlIO_fdopen(fd,(char *)mode+1);
+      }
+     else if (old)
+      {
+       return PerlIO_reopen(name,mode,old);
+      }
+     else
+      {
+       return PerlIO_open(name,mode);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+ else
+  {
+   return PerlIO_fdopen(fd,(char *)mode);
+  }
+ return NULL;
 }
 
 #endif
@@ -155,6 +210,28 @@ PerlIO_init(void)
  sfset(sfstdout,SF_SHARE,0);
 }
 
+PerlIO *
+PerlIO_importFILE(FILE *stdio, int fl)
+{
+ int fd    = fileno(stdio);
+ PerlIO *r = PerlIO_fdopen(fd,"r+");
+ return r;
+}
+
+FILE *
+PerlIO_findFILE(PerlIO *pio)
+{
+ int fd = PerlIO_fileno(pio);
+ FILE *f = fdopen(fd,"r+");
+ PerlIO_flush(pio);
+ if (!f && errno == EINVAL)
+  f = fdopen(fd,"w");
+ if (!f && errno == EINVAL)
+  f = fdopen(fd,"r");
+ return f;
+}
+
+
 #else /* USE_SFIO */
 /*======================================================================================*/
 /* Implement all the PerlIO interface ourselves.
@@ -177,9 +254,9 @@ void PerlIO_debug(const char *fmt,...) __attribute__((format(__printf__,1,2)));
 void
 PerlIO_debug(const char *fmt,...)
 {
- dTHX;
  static int dbg = 0;
  va_list ap;
+ dSYS;
  va_start(ap,fmt);
  if (!dbg)
   {
@@ -216,6 +293,8 @@ PerlIO_debug(const char *fmt,...)
 PerlIO *_perlio      = NULL;
 #define PERLIO_TABLE_SIZE 64
 
+
+
 PerlIO *
 PerlIO_allocate(pTHX)
 {
@@ -269,6 +348,13 @@ HV *PerlIO_layer_hv;
 AV *PerlIO_layer_av;
 
 void
+PerlIO_cleanup_layers(pTHXo_ void *data)
+{
+ PerlIO_layer_hv = Nullhv;
+ PerlIO_layer_av = Nullav;
+}
+
+void
 PerlIO_cleanup()
 {
  dTHX;
@@ -276,14 +362,45 @@ PerlIO_cleanup()
 }
 
 void
-PerlIO_pop(PerlIO *f)
+PerlIO_destruct(pTHX)
+{
+ PerlIO **table = &_perlio;
+ PerlIO *f;
+ while ((f = *table))
+  {
+   int i;
+   table = (PerlIO **)(f++);
+   for (i=1; i < PERLIO_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
+    {
+     PerlIO *x = f;
+     PerlIOl *l;
+     while ((l = *x))
+      {
+       if (l->tab->kind & PERLIO_K_DESTRUCT)
+        {
+         PerlIO_debug("Destruct popping %s\n",l->tab->name);
+         PerlIO_flush(x);
+         PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ x);
+        }
+       else
+        {
+         x = PerlIONext(x);
+        }
+      }
+     f++;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void
+PerlIO_pop(pTHX_ PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
  PerlIOl *l = *f;
  if (l)
   {
    PerlIO_debug("PerlIO_pop f=%p %s\n",f,l->tab->name);
-   (*l->tab->Popped)(f);
+   if (l->tab->Popped)
+    (*l->tab->Popped)(f);
    *f = l->next;
    PerlMemShared_free(l);
   }
@@ -292,40 +409,34 @@ PerlIO_pop(PerlIO *f)
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /* XS Interface for perl code */
 
-XS(XS_perlio_import)
-{
- dXSARGS;
- GV *gv = CvGV(cv);
- char *s = GvNAME(gv);
- STRLEN l = GvNAMELEN(gv);
- PerlIO_debug("%.*s\n",(int) l,s);
- XSRETURN_EMPTY;
-}
-
-XS(XS_perlio_unimport)
-{
- dXSARGS;
- GV *gv = CvGV(cv);
- char *s = GvNAME(gv);
- STRLEN l = GvNAMELEN(gv);
- PerlIO_debug("%.*s\n",(int) l,s);
- XSRETURN_EMPTY;
-}
-
 SV *
-PerlIO_find_layer(const char *name, STRLEN len)
+PerlIO_find_layer(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, int load)
 {
- dTHX;
  SV **svp;
  SV *sv;
  if ((SSize_t) len <= 0)
   len = strlen(name);
  svp  = hv_fetch(PerlIO_layer_hv,name,len,0);
- if (svp && (sv = *svp) && SvROK(sv))
-  return *svp;
- return NULL;
+ if (!svp && load && PL_subname && PerlIO_layer_av && av_len(PerlIO_layer_av)+1 >= 2)
+  {
+   SV *pkgsv  = newSVpvn("PerlIO",6);
+   SV *layer  = newSVpvn(name,len);
+   ENTER;
+   /* The two SVs are magically freed by load_module */
+   Perl_load_module(aTHX_ 0, pkgsv, Nullsv, layer, Nullsv);
+   LEAVE;
+   /* Say this is lvalue so we get an 'undef' if still not there */
+   svp  = hv_fetch(PerlIO_layer_hv,name,len,1);
+  }
+ if (svp && (sv = *svp))
+  {
+   if (SvROK(sv))
+    return *svp;
+  }
+ return Nullsv;
 }
 
+#ifdef USE_ATTRIBUTES_FOR_PERLIO
 
 static int
 perlio_mg_set(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
@@ -335,7 +446,6 @@ perlio_mg_set(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
    IO *io = GvIOn((GV *)SvRV(sv));
    PerlIO *ifp = IoIFP(io);
    PerlIO *ofp = IoOFP(io);
-   AV *av = (AV *) mg->mg_obj;
    Perl_warn(aTHX_ "set %"SVf" %p %p %p",sv,io,ifp,ofp);
   }
  return 0;
@@ -349,7 +459,6 @@ perlio_mg_get(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
    IO *io = GvIOn((GV *)SvRV(sv));
    PerlIO *ifp = IoIFP(io);
    PerlIO *ofp = IoOFP(io);
-   AV *av = (AV *) mg->mg_obj;
    Perl_warn(aTHX_ "get %"SVf" %p %p %p",sv,io,ifp,ofp);
   }
  return 0;
@@ -373,7 +482,7 @@ MGVTBL perlio_vtab = {
  perlio_mg_get,
  perlio_mg_set,
  NULL, /* len */
- NULL,
+ perlio_mg_clear,
  perlio_mg_free
 };
 
@@ -385,9 +494,9 @@ XS(XS_io_MODIFY_SCALAR_ATTRIBUTES)
  MAGIC *mg;
  int count = 0;
  int i;
- sv_magic(sv, (SV *)av, '~', NULL, 0);
+ sv_magic(sv, (SV *)av, PERL_MAGIC_ext, NULL, 0);
  SvRMAGICAL_off(sv);
- mg = mg_find(sv,'~');
+ mg = mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_ext);
  mg->mg_virtual = &perlio_vtab;
  mg_magical(sv);
  Perl_warn(aTHX_ "attrib %"SVf,sv);
@@ -395,7 +504,7 @@ XS(XS_io_MODIFY_SCALAR_ATTRIBUTES)
   {
    STRLEN len;
    const char *name = SvPV(ST(i),len);
-   SV *layer  = PerlIO_find_layer(name,len);
+   SV *layer  = PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ name,len,1);
    if (layer)
     {
      av_push(av,SvREFCNT_inc(layer));
@@ -410,18 +519,112 @@ XS(XS_io_MODIFY_SCALAR_ATTRIBUTES)
  XSRETURN(count);
 }
 
-void
-PerlIO_define_layer(PerlIO_funcs *tab)
+#endif /* USE_ATTIBUTES_FOR_PERLIO */
+
+SV *
+PerlIO_tab_sv(pTHX_ PerlIO_funcs *tab)
 {
- dTHX;
- HV *stash = gv_stashpv("perlio::Layer", TRUE);
+ HV *stash = gv_stashpv("PerlIO::Layer", TRUE);
  SV *sv = sv_bless(newRV_noinc(newSViv(PTR2IV(tab))),stash);
- hv_store(PerlIO_layer_hv,tab->name,strlen(tab->name),sv,0);
+ return sv;
+}
+
+void
+PerlIO_define_layer(pTHX_ PerlIO_funcs *tab)
+{
+ if (!PerlIO_layer_hv)
+  {
+   PerlIO_layer_hv = get_hv("open::layers",GV_ADD|GV_ADDMULTI);
+  }
+ hv_store(PerlIO_layer_hv,tab->name,strlen(tab->name),PerlIO_tab_sv(aTHX_ tab),0);
  PerlIO_debug("define %s %p\n",tab->name,tab);
 }
 
+int
+PerlIO_parse_layers(pTHX_ AV *av, const char *names)
+{
+ if (names)
+  {
+   const char *s = names;
+   while (*s)
+    {
+     while (isSPACE(*s) || *s == ':')
+      s++;
+     if (*s)
+      {
+       STRLEN llen = 0;
+       const char *e = s;
+       const char *as = Nullch;
+       STRLEN alen = 0;
+       if (!isIDFIRST(*s))
+        {
+         /* Message is consistent with how attribute lists are passed.
+            Even though this means "foo : : bar" is seen as an invalid separator
+            character.  */
+         char q = ((*s == '\'') ? '"' : '\'');
+         Perl_warn(aTHX_ "perlio: invalid separator character %c%c%c in layer specification list", q, *s, q);
+         return -1;
+        }
+       do
+        {
+         e++;
+        } while (isALNUM(*e));
+       llen = e-s;
+       if (*e == '(')
+        {
+         int nesting = 1;
+         as = ++e;
+         while (nesting)
+          {
+           switch (*e++)
+            {
+             case ')':
+              if (--nesting == 0)
+               alen = (e-1)-as;
+              break;
+             case '(':
+              ++nesting;
+              break;
+             case '\\':
+              /* It's a nul terminated string, not allowed to \ the terminating null.
+                 Anything other character is passed over.  */
+              if (*e++)
+               {
+                break;
+               }
+              /* Drop through */
+             case '\0':
+              e--;
+              Perl_warn(aTHX_ "perlio: argument list not closed for layer \"%.*s\"",(int)(e - s),s);
+              return -1;
+             default:
+              /* boring.  */
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+       if (e > s)
+        {
+         SV *layer = PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ s,llen,1);
+         if (layer)
+          {
+           av_push(av,SvREFCNT_inc(layer));
+           av_push(av,(as) ? newSVpvn(as,alen) : &PL_sv_undef);
+          }
+         else {
+          Perl_warn(aTHX_ "perlio: unknown layer \"%.*s\"",(int)llen,s);
+	  return -1;
+	 }
+        }
+       s = e;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+ return 0;
+}
+
 void
-PerlIO_default_buffer(pTHX)
+PerlIO_default_buffer(pTHX_ AV *av)
 {
  PerlIO_funcs *tab = &PerlIO_perlio;
  if (O_BINARY != O_TEXT)
@@ -436,100 +639,94 @@ PerlIO_default_buffer(pTHX)
     }
   }
  PerlIO_debug("Pushing %s\n",tab->name);
- av_push(PerlIO_layer_av,SvREFCNT_inc(PerlIO_find_layer(tab->name,0)));
-
+ av_push(av,SvREFCNT_inc(PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ tab->name,0,0)));
+ av_push(av,&PL_sv_undef);
 }
 
+SV *
+PerlIO_arg_fetch(pTHX_ AV *av,IV n)
+{
+ SV **svp = av_fetch(av,n,FALSE);
+ return (svp) ? *svp : Nullsv;
+}
 
 PerlIO_funcs *
-PerlIO_default_layer(I32 n)
+PerlIO_layer_fetch(pTHX_ AV *av,IV n,PerlIO_funcs *def)
 {
- dTHX;
- SV **svp;
+ SV **svp = av_fetch(av,n,FALSE);
  SV *layer;
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = &PerlIO_stdio;
- int len;
- if (!PerlIO_layer_hv)
+ if (svp && (layer = *svp) && SvROK(layer) && SvIOK((layer = SvRV(layer))))
   {
-   const char *s  = PerlEnv_getenv("PERLIO");
-   newXS("perlio::import",XS_perlio_import,__FILE__);
-   newXS("perlio::unimport",XS_perlio_unimport,__FILE__);
-#if 0
+   /* PerlIO_debug("Layer %d is %s\n",n/2,tab->name); */
+   return INT2PTR(PerlIO_funcs *, SvIV(layer));
+  }
+ if (!def)
+  Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: PerlIO layer array corrupt");
+ return def;
+}
+
+AV *
+PerlIO_default_layers(pTHX)
+{
+ IV len;
+ if (!PerlIO_layer_av)
+  {
+   const char *s  = (PL_tainting) ? Nullch : PerlEnv_getenv("PERLIO");
+   PerlIO_layer_av = get_av("open::layers",GV_ADD|GV_ADDMULTI);
+
+#ifdef USE_ATTRIBUTES_FOR_PERLIO
    newXS("io::MODIFY_SCALAR_ATTRIBUTES",XS_io_MODIFY_SCALAR_ATTRIBUTES,__FILE__);
 #endif
-   PerlIO_layer_hv = get_hv("open::layers",GV_ADD|GV_ADDMULTI);
-   PerlIO_layer_av = get_av("open::layers",GV_ADD|GV_ADDMULTI);
-   PerlIO_define_layer(&PerlIO_raw);
-   PerlIO_define_layer(&PerlIO_unix);
-   PerlIO_define_layer(&PerlIO_perlio);
-   PerlIO_define_layer(&PerlIO_stdio);
-   PerlIO_define_layer(&PerlIO_crlf);
+
+   PerlIO_define_layer(aTHX_ &PerlIO_raw);
+   PerlIO_define_layer(aTHX_ &PerlIO_unix);
+   PerlIO_define_layer(aTHX_ &PerlIO_perlio);
+   PerlIO_define_layer(aTHX_ &PerlIO_stdio);
+   PerlIO_define_layer(aTHX_ &PerlIO_crlf);
 #ifdef HAS_MMAP
-   PerlIO_define_layer(&PerlIO_mmap);
+   PerlIO_define_layer(aTHX_ &PerlIO_mmap);
 #endif
-   PerlIO_define_layer(&PerlIO_utf8);
-   av_push(PerlIO_layer_av,SvREFCNT_inc(PerlIO_find_layer(PerlIO_unix.name,0)));
+   PerlIO_define_layer(aTHX_ &PerlIO_utf8);
+   PerlIO_define_layer(aTHX_ &PerlIO_byte);
+   av_push(PerlIO_layer_av,SvREFCNT_inc(PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ PerlIO_unix.name,0,0)));
+   av_push(PerlIO_layer_av,&PL_sv_undef);
    if (s)
     {
-     IV buffered = 0;
-     while (*s)
-      {
-       while (*s && isSPACE((unsigned char)*s))
-        s++;
-       if (*s)
-        {
-         const char *e = s;
-         SV *layer;
-         while (*e && !isSPACE((unsigned char)*e))
-          e++;
-         if (*s == ':')
-          s++;
-         layer = PerlIO_find_layer(s,e-s);
-         if (layer)
-          {
-           PerlIO_funcs *tab = INT2PTR(PerlIO_funcs *, SvIV(SvRV(layer)));
-           if ((tab->kind & PERLIO_K_DUMMY) && (tab->kind & PERLIO_K_BUFFERED))
-            {
-             if (!buffered)
-              PerlIO_default_buffer(aTHX);
-            }
-           PerlIO_debug("Pushing %.*s\n",(e-s),s);
-           av_push(PerlIO_layer_av,SvREFCNT_inc(layer));
-           buffered |= (tab->kind & PERLIO_K_BUFFERED);
-          }
-         else
-          Perl_warn(aTHX_ "perlio: unknown layer \"%.*s\"",(e-s),s);
-         s = e;
-        }
-      }
+     PerlIO_parse_layers(aTHX_ PerlIO_layer_av,s);
+    }
+   else
+    {
+     PerlIO_default_buffer(aTHX_ PerlIO_layer_av);
     }
   }
- len  = av_len(PerlIO_layer_av);
- if (len < 1)
+ len  = av_len(PerlIO_layer_av)+1;
+ if (len < 2)
   {
-   PerlIO_default_buffer(aTHX);
+   PerlIO_default_buffer(aTHX_ PerlIO_layer_av);
    len  = av_len(PerlIO_layer_av);
   }
+ return PerlIO_layer_av;
+}
+
+
+PerlIO_funcs *
+PerlIO_default_layer(pTHX_ I32 n)
+{
+ AV *av = PerlIO_default_layers(aTHX);
+ n *= 2;
  if (n < 0)
-  n += len+1;
- svp = av_fetch(PerlIO_layer_av,n,0);
- if (svp && (layer = *svp) && SvROK(layer) && SvIOK((layer = SvRV(layer))))
-  {
-   tab = INT2PTR(PerlIO_funcs *, SvIV(layer));
-  }
- /* PerlIO_debug("Layer %d is %s\n",n,tab->name); */
- return tab;
+  n += av_len(PerlIO_layer_av)+1;
+ return PerlIO_layer_fetch(aTHX_ av,n, &PerlIO_stdio);
 }
 
-#define PerlIO_default_top() PerlIO_default_layer(-1)
-#define PerlIO_default_btm() PerlIO_default_layer(0)
+#define PerlIO_default_top() PerlIO_default_layer(aTHX_ -1)
+#define PerlIO_default_btm() PerlIO_default_layer(aTHX_ 0)
 
 void
-PerlIO_stdstreams()
+PerlIO_stdstreams(pTHX)
 {
  if (!_perlio)
   {
-   dTHX;
    PerlIO_allocate(aTHX);
    PerlIO_fdopen(0,"Ir" PERLIO_STDTEXT);
    PerlIO_fdopen(1,"Iw" PERLIO_STDTEXT);
@@ -538,9 +735,8 @@ PerlIO_stdstreams()
 }
 
 PerlIO *
-PerlIO_push(PerlIO *f,PerlIO_funcs *tab,const char *mode,const char *arg,STRLEN len)
+PerlIO_push(pTHX_ PerlIO *f,PerlIO_funcs *tab,const char *mode,SV *arg)
 {
- dTHX;
  PerlIOl *l = NULL;
  l = PerlMemShared_calloc(tab->size,sizeof(char));
  if (l)
@@ -549,10 +745,11 @@ PerlIO_push(PerlIO *f,PerlIO_funcs *tab,const char *mode,const char *arg,STRLEN
    l->next = *f;
    l->tab  = tab;
    *f      = l;
-   PerlIO_debug("PerlIO_push f=%p %s %s\n",f,tab->name,(mode) ? mode : "(Null)");
-   if ((*l->tab->Pushed)(f,mode,arg,len) != 0)
+   PerlIO_debug("PerlIO_push f=%p %s %s %p\n",f,tab->name,
+                 (mode) ? mode : "(Null)",arg);
+   if ((*l->tab->Pushed)(f,mode,arg) != 0)
     {
-     PerlIO_pop(f);
+     PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ f);
      return NULL;
     }
   }
@@ -560,113 +757,88 @@ PerlIO_push(PerlIO *f,PerlIO_funcs *tab,const char *mode,const char *arg,STRLEN
 }
 
 IV
-PerlIOUtf8_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *arg, STRLEN len)
+PerlIOPop_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, SV *arg)
 {
- if (PerlIONext(f))
+ dTHX;
+ PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ f);
+ if (*f)
   {
-   PerlIO_pop(f);
-   PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_UTF8;
+   PerlIO_flush(f);
+   PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ f);
    return 0;
   }
  return -1;
 }
 
 IV
-PerlIORaw_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *arg, STRLEN len)
+PerlIORaw_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, SV *arg)
 {
+ /* Remove the dummy layer */
+ dTHX;
+ PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ f);
  /* Pop back to bottom layer */
- if (PerlIONext(f))
+ if (f && *f)
   {
    PerlIO_flush(f);
-   while (PerlIONext(f))
+   while (!(PerlIOBase(f)->tab->kind & PERLIO_K_RAW))
     {
-     PerlIO_pop(f);
+     if (*PerlIONext(f))
+      {
+       PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ f);
+      }
+     else
+      {
+       /* Nothing bellow - push unix on top then remove it */
+       if (PerlIO_push(aTHX_ f,PerlIO_default_btm(),mode,arg))
+        {
+         PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ PerlIONext(f));
+        }
+       break;
+      }
     }
+   PerlIO_debug(":raw f=%p :%s\n",f,PerlIOBase(f)->tab->name);
    return 0;
   }
  return -1;
 }
 
 int
-PerlIO_apply_layers(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *names)
+PerlIO_apply_layera(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, const char *mode, AV *layers, IV n)
 {
- if (names)
+ IV max = av_len(layers)+1;
+ int code = 0;
+ while (n < max)
   {
-   const char *s = names;
-   while (*s)
+   PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_layer_fetch(aTHX_ layers,n,NULL);
+   if (tab)
     {
-     while (isSPACE(*s))
-      s++;
-     if (*s == ':')
-      s++;
-     if (*s)
+     if (!PerlIO_push(aTHX_ f,tab,mode,PerlIOArg))
       {
-       const char *e = s;
-       const char *as = Nullch;
-       const char *ae = Nullch;
-       int count = 0;
-       while (*e && *e != ':' && !isSPACE(*e))
-        {
-         if (*e == '(')
-          {
-           if (!as)
-            as = e;
-           count++;
-          }
-         else if (*e == ')')
-          {
-           if (as && --count == 0)
-            ae = e;
-          }
-         e++;
-        }
-       if (e > s)
-        {
-         if ((e - s) == 3 && strncmp(s,"raw",3) == 0)
-          {
-           /* Pop back to bottom layer */
-           if (PerlIONext(f))
-            {
-             PerlIO_flush(f);
-             while (PerlIONext(f))
-              {
-               PerlIO_pop(f);
-              }
-            }
-          }
-         else if ((e - s) == 4 && strncmp(s,"utf8",4) == 0)
-          {
-           PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_UTF8;
-          }
-         else if ((e - s) == 5 && strncmp(s,"bytes",5) == 0)
-          {
-           PerlIOBase(f)->flags &= ~PERLIO_F_UTF8;
-          }
-         else
-          {
-           STRLEN len = ((as) ? as : e)-s;
-           SV *layer = PerlIO_find_layer(s,len);
-           if (layer)
-            {
-             PerlIO_funcs *tab = INT2PTR(PerlIO_funcs *, SvIV(SvRV(layer)));
-             if (tab)
-              {
-               len = (as) ? (ae-(as++)-1) : 0;
-               if (!PerlIO_push(f,tab,mode,as,len))
-                return -1;
-              }
-            }
-           else
-            Perl_warn(aTHX_ "perlio: unknown layer \"%.*s\"",(int)len,s);
-          }
-        }
-       s = e;
+       code = -1;
+       break;
       }
     }
+   n += 2;
   }
- return 0;
+ return code;
 }
 
+int
+PerlIO_apply_layers(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *names)
+{
+ int code = 0;
+ if (names)
+  {
+   AV *layers = newAV();
+   code = PerlIO_parse_layers(aTHX_ layers,names);
+   if (code == 0)
+    {
+     code = PerlIO_apply_layera(aTHX_ f, mode, layers, 0);
+    }
+   SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) layers);
+  }
+ return code;
+}
 
 
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -681,7 +853,7 @@ PerlIO_binmode(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, int iotype, int mode, const char *names)
   {
    PerlIO *top = f;
    PerlIOl *l;
-   while (l = *top)
+   while ((l = *top))
     {
      if (PerlIOBase(top)->tab == &PerlIO_crlf)
       {
@@ -699,32 +871,51 @@ PerlIO_binmode(pTHX_ PerlIO *f, int iotype, int mode, const char *names)
 int
 PerlIO__close(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Close)(f);
+ if (f && *f)
+   return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Close)(f);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_fdupopen
 PerlIO *
 PerlIO_fdupopen(pTHX_ PerlIO *f)
 {
- char buf[8];
- int fd = PerlLIO_dup(PerlIO_fileno(f));
- PerlIO *new = PerlIO_fdopen(fd,PerlIO_modestr(f,buf));
- if (new)
+ if (f && *f)
   {
-   Off_t posn = PerlIO_tell(f);
-   PerlIO_seek(new,posn,SEEK_SET);
+   char buf[8];
+   int fd = PerlLIO_dup(PerlIO_fileno(f));
+   PerlIO *new = PerlIO_fdopen(fd,PerlIO_modestr(f,buf));
+   if (new)
+    {
+     Off_t posn = PerlIO_tell(f);
+     PerlIO_seek(new,posn,SEEK_SET);
+    }
+   return new;
+  }
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return NULL;
   }
- return new;
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_close
 int
 PerlIO_close(PerlIO *f)
 {
- int code = (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Close)(f);
- while (*f)
+ dTHX;
+ int code = -1;
+ if (f && *f)
   {
-   PerlIO_pop(f);
+   code = (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Close)(f);
+   while (*f)
+    {
+     PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ f);
+    }
   }
  return code;
 }
@@ -733,82 +924,278 @@ PerlIO_close(PerlIO *f)
 int
 PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Fileno)(f);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Fileno)(f);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
+}
+
+static const char *
+PerlIO_context_layers(pTHX_ const char *mode)
+{
+ const char *type = NULL;
+ /* Need to supply default layer info from open.pm */
+ if (PL_curcop)
+  {
+   SV *layers = PL_curcop->cop_io;
+   if (layers)
+    {
+     STRLEN len;
+     type = SvPV(layers,len);
+     if (type && mode[0] != 'r')
+      {
+       /* Skip to write part */
+       const char *s = strchr(type,0);
+       if (s && (s-type) < len)
+        {
+         type = s+1;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+ return type;
 }
 
+static SV *
+PerlIO_layer_from_ref(pTHX_ SV *sv)
+{
+ /* For any scalar type load the handler which is bundled with perl */
+ if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVAV)
+  return PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ "Scalar",6, 1);
+
+ /* For other types allow if layer is known but don't try and load it */
+ switch (SvTYPE(sv))
+  {
+   case SVt_PVAV:
+    return PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ "Array",5, 0);
+   case SVt_PVHV:
+    return PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ "Hash",4, 0);
+   case SVt_PVCV:
+    return PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ "Code",4, 0);
+   case SVt_PVGV:
+    return PerlIO_find_layer(aTHX_ "Glob",4, 0);
+  }
+ return Nullsv;
+}
+
+AV *
+PerlIO_resolve_layers(pTHX_ const char *layers,const char *mode,int narg, SV **args)
+{
+ AV *def = PerlIO_default_layers(aTHX);
+ int incdef = 1;
+ if (!_perlio)
+  PerlIO_stdstreams(aTHX);
+ if (narg)
+  {
+   SV *arg = *args;
+   /* If it is a reference but not an object see if we have a handler for it */
+   if (SvROK(arg) && !sv_isobject(arg))
+    {
+     SV *handler = PerlIO_layer_from_ref(aTHX_ SvRV(arg));
+     if (handler)
+      {
+       def = newAV();
+       av_push(def,SvREFCNT_inc(handler));
+       av_push(def,&PL_sv_undef);
+       incdef = 0;
+      }
+     /* Don't fail if handler cannot be found
+      * :Via(...) etc. may do something sensible
+      * else we will just stringfy and open resulting string.
+      */
+    }
+  }
+ if (!layers)
+  layers = PerlIO_context_layers(aTHX_ mode);
+ if (layers && *layers)
+  {
+   AV *av;
+   if (incdef)
+    {
+     IV n = av_len(def)+1;
+     av = newAV();
+     while (n-- > 0)
+      {
+       SV **svp = av_fetch(def,n,0);
+       av_store(av,n,(svp) ? SvREFCNT_inc(*svp) : &PL_sv_undef);
+      }
+    }
+   else
+    {
+     av = def;
+    }
+   PerlIO_parse_layers(aTHX_ av,layers);
+   return av;
+  }
+ else
+  {
+   if (incdef)
+    SvREFCNT_inc(def);
+   return def;
+  }
+}
+
+PerlIO *
+PerlIO_openn(pTHX_ const char *layers, const char *mode, int fd, int imode, int perm, PerlIO *f, int narg, SV **args)
+{
+ if (!f && narg == 1 && *args == &PL_sv_undef)
+  {
+   if ((f = PerlIO_tmpfile()))
+    {
+     if (!layers)
+      layers = PerlIO_context_layers(aTHX_ mode);
+     if (layers && *layers)
+      PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ f,mode,layers);
+    }
+  }
+ else
+  {
+   AV *layera;
+   IV n;
+   PerlIO_funcs *tab = NULL;
+   if (f && *f)
+    {
+     /* This is "reopen" - it is not tested as perl does not use it yet */
+     PerlIOl *l = *f;
+     layera = newAV();
+     while (l)
+      {
+       SV *arg = (l->tab->Getarg) ? (*l->tab->Getarg)(&l) : &PL_sv_undef;
+       av_unshift(layera,2);
+       av_store(layera,0,PerlIO_tab_sv(aTHX_ l->tab));
+       av_store(layera,1,arg);
+       l = *PerlIONext(&l);
+      }
+    }
+   else
+    {
+     layera = PerlIO_resolve_layers(aTHX_ layers, mode, narg, args);
+    }
+   n = av_len(layera)-1;
+   while (n >= 0)
+    {
+     PerlIO_funcs *t = PerlIO_layer_fetch(aTHX_ layera,n,NULL);
+     if (t && t->Open)
+      {
+       tab = t;
+       break;
+      }
+     n -= 2;
+    }
+   if (tab)
+    {
+     PerlIO_debug("openn(%s,'%s','%s',%d,%x,%o,%p,%d,%p)\n",
+                  tab->name,layers,mode,fd,imode,perm,f,narg,args);
+     f = (*tab->Open)(aTHX_ tab, layera, n, mode,fd,imode,perm,f,narg,args);
+     if (f)
+      {
+       if (n+2 < av_len(layera)+1)
+        {
+         if (PerlIO_apply_layera(aTHX_ f, mode, layera, n+2) != 0)
+          {
+           f = NULL;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+   SvREFCNT_dec(layera);
+  }
+ return f;
+}
 
 
 #undef PerlIO_fdopen
 PerlIO *
 PerlIO_fdopen(int fd, const char *mode)
 {
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_top();
- if (!_perlio)
-  PerlIO_stdstreams();
- return (*tab->Fdopen)(tab,fd,mode);
+ dTHX;
+ return PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ Nullch,mode,fd,0,0,NULL,0,NULL);
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_open
 PerlIO *
 PerlIO_open(const char *path, const char *mode)
 {
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_top();
- if (!_perlio)
-  PerlIO_stdstreams();
- return (*tab->Open)(tab,path,mode);
+ dTHX;
+ SV *name = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(path,strlen(path)));
+ return PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ Nullch,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&name);
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_reopen
 PerlIO *
 PerlIO_reopen(const char *path, const char *mode, PerlIO *f)
 {
- if (f)
-  {
-   PerlIO_flush(f);
-   if ((*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Reopen)(path,mode,f) == 0)
-    {
-     if ((*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Pushed)(f,mode,Nullch,0) == 0)
-      return f;
-    }
-   return NULL;
-  }
- else
-  return PerlIO_open(path,mode);
+ dTHX;
+ SV *name = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(path,strlen(path)));
+ return PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ Nullch,mode,-1,0,0,f,1,&name);
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_read
 SSize_t
 PerlIO_read(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Read)(f,vbuf,count);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Read)(f,vbuf,count);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_unread
 SSize_t
 PerlIO_unread(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Unread)(f,vbuf,count);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Unread)(f,vbuf,count);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_write
 SSize_t
 PerlIO_write(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Write)(f,vbuf,count);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Write)(f,vbuf,count);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_seek
 int
 PerlIO_seek(PerlIO *f, Off_t offset, int whence)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Seek)(f,offset,whence);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Seek)(f,offset,whence);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_tell
 Off_t
 PerlIO_tell(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Tell)(f);
+  if (f && *f)
+   return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Tell)(f);
+  else
+   {
+    SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+    return -1;
+   }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_flush
@@ -817,10 +1204,35 @@ PerlIO_flush(PerlIO *f)
 {
  if (f)
   {
-   return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Flush)(f);
+   if (*f)
+    {
+     PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIOBase(f)->tab;
+     if (tab && tab->Flush)
+      {
+       return (*tab->Flush)(f);
+      }
+     else
+      {
+       PerlIO_debug("Cannot flush f=%p :%s\n",f,tab->name);
+       SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+       return -1;
+      }
+    }
+   else
+    {
+     PerlIO_debug("Cannot flush f=%p\n",f);
+     SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+     return -1;
+    }
   }
  else
   {
+   /* Is it good API design to do flush-all on NULL,
+    * a potentially errorneous input?  Maybe some magical
+    * value (PerlIO* PERLIO_FLUSH_ALL = (PerlIO*)-1;)?
+    * Yes, stdio does similar things on fflush(NULL),
+    * but should we be bound by their design decisions?
+    * --jhi */
    PerlIO **table = &_perlio;
    int code = 0;
    while ((f = *table))
@@ -838,32 +1250,75 @@ PerlIO_flush(PerlIO *f)
   }
 }
 
+void
+PerlIOBase_flush_linebuf()
+{
+ PerlIO **table = &_perlio;
+ PerlIO *f;
+ while ((f = *table))
+  {
+   int i;
+   table = (PerlIO **)(f++);
+   for (i=1; i < PERLIO_TABLE_SIZE; i++)
+    {
+     if (*f && (PerlIOBase(f)->flags & (PERLIO_F_LINEBUF|PERLIO_F_CANWRITE))
+                == (PERLIO_F_LINEBUF|PERLIO_F_CANWRITE))
+      PerlIO_flush(f);
+     f++;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 #undef PerlIO_fill
 int
 PerlIO_fill(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Fill)(f);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Fill)(f);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_isutf8
 int
 PerlIO_isutf8(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (PerlIOBase(f)->flags & PERLIO_F_UTF8) != 0;
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (PerlIOBase(f)->flags & PERLIO_F_UTF8) != 0;
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_eof
 int
 PerlIO_eof(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Eof)(f);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Eof)(f);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_error
 int
 PerlIO_error(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Error)(f);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Error)(f);
+ else
+  {
+   SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
+   return -1;
+  }
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_clearerr
@@ -872,23 +1327,25 @@ PerlIO_clearerr(PerlIO *f)
 {
  if (f && *f)
   (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Clearerr)(f);
+ else
+  SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_setlinebuf
 void
 PerlIO_setlinebuf(PerlIO *f)
 {
- (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Setlinebuf)(f);
+ if (f && *f)
+  (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Setlinebuf)(f);
+ else
+  SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_has_base
 int
 PerlIO_has_base(PerlIO *f)
 {
- if (f && *f)
-  {
-   return (PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Get_base != NULL);
-  }
+ if (f && *f) { return (PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Get_base != NULL); }
  return 0;
 }
 
@@ -932,14 +1389,18 @@ PerlIO_canset_cnt(PerlIO *f)
 STDCHAR *
 PerlIO_get_base(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Get_base)(f);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Get_base)(f);
+ return NULL;
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_get_bufsiz
 int
 PerlIO_get_bufsiz(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Get_bufsiz)(f);
+ if (f && *f)
+  return (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Get_bufsiz)(f);
+ return 0;
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_get_ptr
@@ -985,39 +1446,31 @@ PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(PerlIO *f, STDCHAR *ptr, int cnt)
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /* utf8 and raw dummy layers */
 
-PerlIO *
-PerlIOUtf8_fdopen(PerlIO_funcs *self, int fd,const char *mode)
-{
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_layer(-2);
- PerlIO *f = (*tab->Fdopen)(tab,fd,mode);
- if (f)
-  {
-   PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_UTF8;
-  }
- return f;
-}
-
-PerlIO *
-PerlIOUtf8_open(PerlIO_funcs *self, const char *path,const char *mode)
+IV
+PerlIOUtf8_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, SV *arg)
 {
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_layer(-2);
- PerlIO *f = (*tab->Open)(tab,path,mode);
- if (f)
+ if (PerlIONext(f))
   {
-   PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_UTF8;
+   dTHX;
+   PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIOBase(f)->tab;
+   PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ f);
+   if (tab->kind & PERLIO_K_UTF8)
+    PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_UTF8;
+   else
+    PerlIOBase(f)->flags &= ~PERLIO_F_UTF8;
+   return 0;
   }
- return f;
+ return -1;
 }
 
 PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_utf8 = {
  "utf8",
  sizeof(PerlIOl),
- PERLIO_K_DUMMY|PERLIO_K_BUFFERED,
+ PERLIO_K_DUMMY|PERLIO_F_UTF8,
+ PerlIOUtf8_pushed,
+ NULL,
  NULL,
- PerlIOUtf8_fdopen,
- PerlIOUtf8_open,
  NULL,
- PerlIOUtf8_pushed,
  NULL,
  NULL,
  NULL,
@@ -1038,29 +1491,49 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_utf8 = {
  NULL, /* set_ptrcnt */
 };
 
-PerlIO *
-PerlIORaw_fdopen(PerlIO_funcs *self, int fd,const char *mode)
-{
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_layer(0);
- return (*tab->Fdopen)(tab,fd,mode);
-}
+PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_byte = {
+ "bytes",
+ sizeof(PerlIOl),
+ PERLIO_K_DUMMY,
+ PerlIOUtf8_pushed,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL, /* flush */
+ NULL, /* fill */
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ NULL, /* get_base */
+ NULL, /* get_bufsiz */
+ NULL, /* get_ptr */
+ NULL, /* get_cnt */
+ NULL, /* set_ptrcnt */
+};
 
 PerlIO *
-PerlIORaw_open(PerlIO_funcs *self, const char *path,const char *mode)
+PerlIORaw_open(pTHX_ PerlIO_funcs *self,  AV *layers, IV n,const char *mode, int fd, int imode, int perm, PerlIO *old, int narg, SV **args)
 {
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_layer(0);
- return (*tab->Open)(tab,path,mode);
+ PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_btm();
+ return (*tab->Open)(aTHX_ tab,layers,n-2,mode,fd,imode,perm,old,narg,args);
 }
 
 PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_raw = {
  "raw",
  sizeof(PerlIOl),
- PERLIO_K_DUMMY|PERLIO_K_RAW,
- NULL,
- PerlIORaw_fdopen,
+ PERLIO_K_DUMMY,
+ PerlIORaw_pushed,
+ PerlIOBase_popped,
  PerlIORaw_open,
  NULL,
- PerlIORaw_pushed,
  NULL,
  NULL,
  NULL,
@@ -1126,11 +1599,13 @@ PerlIO_modestr(PerlIO *f,char *buf)
 }
 
 IV
-PerlIOBase_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *arg, STRLEN len)
+PerlIOBase_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, SV *arg)
 {
  PerlIOl *l = PerlIOBase(f);
+#if 0
  const char *omode = mode;
  char temp[8];
+#endif
  PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIOBase(f)->tab;
  l->flags  &= ~(PERLIO_F_CANREAD|PERLIO_F_CANWRITE|
                 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE|PERLIO_F_APPEND);
@@ -1138,6 +1613,8 @@ PerlIOBase_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *arg, STRLEN len)
   l->flags |= PERLIO_F_FASTGETS;
  if (mode)
   {
+   if (*mode == '#' || *mode == 'I')
+    mode++;
    switch (*mode++)
     {
      case 'r':
@@ -1150,7 +1627,7 @@ PerlIOBase_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *arg, STRLEN len)
       l->flags |= PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE|PERLIO_F_CANWRITE;
       break;
      default:
-      errno = EINVAL;
+      SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB$_INVARG);
       return -1;
     }
    while (*mode)
@@ -1167,8 +1644,8 @@ PerlIOBase_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *arg, STRLEN len)
         l->flags |= PERLIO_F_CRLF;
         break;
       default:
-       errno = EINVAL;
-       return -1;
+        SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB$_INVARG);
+        return -1;
       }
     }
   }
@@ -1197,14 +1674,48 @@ PerlIOBase_popped(PerlIO *f)
 SSize_t
 PerlIOBase_unread(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 {
+ dTHX;
  Off_t old = PerlIO_tell(f);
  SSize_t done;
- PerlIO_push(f,&PerlIO_pending,"r",Nullch,0);
+ PerlIO_push(aTHX_ f,&PerlIO_pending,"r",Nullsv);
  done = PerlIOBuf_unread(f,vbuf,count);
  PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOBuf)->posn = old - done;
  return done;
 }
 
+SSize_t
+PerlIOBase_read(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count)
+{
+ STDCHAR *buf  = (STDCHAR *) vbuf;
+ if (f)
+  {
+   if (!(PerlIOBase(f)->flags & PERLIO_F_CANREAD))
+    return 0;
+   while (count > 0)
+    {
+     SSize_t avail = PerlIO_get_cnt(f);
+     SSize_t take = 0;
+     if (avail > 0)
+       take = (count < avail) ? count : avail;
+     if (take > 0)
+      {
+       STDCHAR *ptr = PerlIO_get_ptr(f);
+       Copy(ptr,buf,take,STDCHAR);
+       PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,ptr+take,(avail -= take));
+       count   -= take;
+       buf     += take;
+      }
+     if (count > 0  && avail <= 0)
+      {
+       if (PerlIO_fill(f) != 0)
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+   return (buf - (STDCHAR *) vbuf);
+  }
+ return 0;
+}
+
 IV
 PerlIOBase_noop_ok(PerlIO *f)
 {
@@ -1224,7 +1735,7 @@ PerlIOBase_close(PerlIO *f)
  PerlIO *n = PerlIONext(f);
  if (PerlIO_flush(f) != 0)
   code = -1;
- if (n && (*PerlIOBase(n)->tab->Close)(n) != 0)
+ if (n && *n && (*PerlIOBase(n)->tab->Close)(n) != 0)
   code = -1;
  PerlIOBase(f)->flags &= ~(PERLIO_F_CANREAD|PERLIO_F_CANWRITE|PERLIO_F_OPEN);
  return code;
@@ -1265,7 +1776,10 @@ PerlIOBase_clearerr(PerlIO *f)
 void
 PerlIOBase_setlinebuf(PerlIO *f)
 {
-
+ if (f)
+  {
+   PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_LINEBUF;
+  }
 }
 
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -1331,7 +1845,7 @@ PerlIOUnix_oflags(const char *mode)
  oflags |= O_BINARY;
  if (*mode || oflags == -1)
   {
-   errno = EINVAL;
+   SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB$_INVARG);
    oflags = -1;
   }
  return oflags;
@@ -1340,70 +1854,71 @@ PerlIOUnix_oflags(const char *mode)
 IV
 PerlIOUnix_fileno(PerlIO *f)
 {
- return PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOUnix)->fd;
+ return PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOUnix)->fd;
+}
+
+IV
+PerlIOUnix_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, SV *arg)
+{
+ IV code = PerlIOBase_pushed(f,mode,arg);
+ if (*PerlIONext(f))
+  {
+   PerlIOUnix *s = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOUnix);
+   s->fd     = PerlIO_fileno(PerlIONext(f));
+   s->oflags = PerlIOUnix_oflags(mode);
+  }
+ PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_OPEN;
+ return code;
 }
 
 PerlIO *
-PerlIOUnix_fdopen(PerlIO_funcs *self, int fd,const char *mode)
+PerlIOUnix_open(pTHX_ PerlIO_funcs *self, AV *layers, IV n, const char *mode, int fd, int imode, int perm, PerlIO *f, int narg, SV **args)
 {
- dTHX;
- PerlIO *f = NULL;
- if (*mode == 'I')
-  mode++;
- if (fd >= 0)
+ if (f)
   {
-   int oflags = PerlIOUnix_oflags(mode);
-   if (oflags != -1)
+   if (PerlIOBase(f)->flags & PERLIO_F_OPEN)
+    (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Close)(f);
+  }
+ if (narg > 0)
+  {
+   char *path = SvPV_nolen(*args);
+   if (*mode == '#')
+    mode++;
+   else
+    {
+     imode = PerlIOUnix_oflags(mode);
+     perm  = 0666;
+    }
+   if (imode != -1)
     {
-     PerlIOUnix *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX),self,mode,Nullch,0),PerlIOUnix);
-     s->fd     = fd;
-     s->oflags = oflags;
-     PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_OPEN;
+     fd = PerlLIO_open3(path,imode,perm);
     }
   }
- return f;
-}
-
-PerlIO *
-PerlIOUnix_open(PerlIO_funcs *self, const char *path,const char *mode)
-{
- dTHX;
- PerlIO *f = NULL;
- int oflags = PerlIOUnix_oflags(mode);
- if (oflags != -1)
+ if (fd >= 0)
   {
-   int fd = PerlLIO_open3(path,oflags,0666);
-   if (fd >= 0)
+   PerlIOUnix *s;
+   if (*mode == 'I')
+    mode++;
+   if (!f)
     {
-     PerlIOUnix *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX),self,mode,Nullch,0),PerlIOUnix);
-     s->fd     = fd;
-     s->oflags = oflags;
-     PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_OPEN;
+     f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX);
+     s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(aTHX_ f,self,mode,PerlIOArg),PerlIOUnix);
     }
+   else
+    s = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOUnix);
+   s->fd     = fd;
+   s->oflags = imode;
+   PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_OPEN;
+   return f;
   }
- return f;
-}
-
-int
-PerlIOUnix_reopen(const char *path, const char *mode, PerlIO *f)
-{
- PerlIOUnix *s = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOUnix);
- int oflags = PerlIOUnix_oflags(mode);
- if (PerlIOBase(f)->flags & PERLIO_F_OPEN)
-  (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Close)(f);
- if (oflags != -1)
+ else
   {
-   dTHX;
-   int fd = PerlLIO_open3(path,oflags,0666);
-   if (fd >= 0)
+   if (f)
     {
-     s->fd = fd;
-     s->oflags = oflags;
-     PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_OPEN;
-     return 0;
+     /* FIXME: pop layers ??? */
     }
+   return NULL;
   }
- return -1;
 }
 
 SSize_t
@@ -1449,7 +1964,7 @@ PerlIOUnix_write(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 IV
 PerlIOUnix_seek(PerlIO *f, Off_t offset, int whence)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  Off_t new = PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOUnix)->fd,offset,whence);
  PerlIOBase(f)->flags &= ~PERLIO_F_EOF;
  return (new == (Off_t) -1) ? -1 : 0;
@@ -1458,8 +1973,7 @@ PerlIOUnix_seek(PerlIO *f, Off_t offset, int whence)
 Off_t
 PerlIOUnix_tell(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
- Off_t posn = PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOUnix)->fd,0,SEEK_CUR);
+ dSYS;
  return PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOUnix)->fd,0,SEEK_CUR);
 }
 
@@ -1489,12 +2003,11 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_unix = {
  "unix",
  sizeof(PerlIOUnix),
  PERLIO_K_RAW,
- PerlIOUnix_fileno,
- PerlIOUnix_fdopen,
- PerlIOUnix_open,
- PerlIOUnix_reopen,
- PerlIOBase_pushed,
+ PerlIOUnix_pushed,
  PerlIOBase_noop_ok,
+ PerlIOUnix_open,
+ NULL,
+ PerlIOUnix_fileno,
  PerlIOUnix_read,
  PerlIOBase_unread,
  PerlIOUnix_write,
@@ -1526,7 +2039,7 @@ typedef struct
 IV
 PerlIOStdio_fileno(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  return PerlSIO_fileno(PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio);
 }
 
@@ -1546,47 +2059,22 @@ PerlIOStdio_mode(const char *mode,char *tmode)
  return ret;
 }
 
-PerlIO *
-PerlIOStdio_fdopen(PerlIO_funcs *self, int fd,const char *mode)
+/* This isn't used yet ... */
+IV
+PerlIOStdio_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, SV *arg)
 {
- dTHX;
- PerlIO *f = NULL;
- int init = 0;
- char tmode[8];
- if (*mode == 'I')
+ if (*PerlIONext(f))
   {
-   init = 1;
-   mode++;
-  }
- if (fd >= 0)
-  {
-   FILE *stdio = NULL;
-   if (init)
-    {
-     switch(fd)
-      {
-       case 0:
-        stdio = PerlSIO_stdin;
-        break;
-       case 1:
-        stdio = PerlSIO_stdout;
-        break;
-       case 2:
-        stdio = PerlSIO_stderr;
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-   else
-    {
-     stdio = PerlSIO_fdopen(fd,mode = PerlIOStdio_mode(mode,tmode));
-    }
+   dSYS;
+   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio);
+   char tmode[8];
+   FILE *stdio = PerlSIO_fdopen(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIONext(f)),mode = PerlIOStdio_mode(mode,tmode));
    if (stdio)
-    {
-     PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX),self,mode,Nullch,0),PerlIOStdio);
-     s->stdio  = stdio;
-    }
+    s->stdio = stdio;
+   else
+    return -1;
   }
- return f;
+ return PerlIOBase_pushed(f,mode,arg);
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_importFILE
@@ -1597,46 +2085,92 @@ PerlIO_importFILE(FILE *stdio, int fl)
  PerlIO *f = NULL;
  if (stdio)
   {
-   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX),&PerlIO_stdio,"r+",Nullch,0),PerlIOStdio);
+   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(aTHX_ (f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX)),&PerlIO_stdio,"r+",Nullsv),PerlIOStdio);
    s->stdio  = stdio;
   }
  return f;
 }
 
 PerlIO *
-PerlIOStdio_open(PerlIO_funcs *self, const char *path,const char *mode)
+PerlIOStdio_open(pTHX_ PerlIO_funcs *self, AV *layers, IV n, const char *mode, int fd, int imode, int perm, PerlIO *f, int narg, SV **args)
 {
- dTHX;
- PerlIO *f = NULL;
- FILE *stdio = PerlSIO_fopen(path,mode);
- if (stdio)
+ char tmode[8];
+ if (f)
   {
-   char tmode[8];
-   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX), self,
-                               (mode = PerlIOStdio_mode(mode,tmode)),Nullch,0),
-                               PerlIOStdio);
-   s->stdio  = stdio;
+   char *path = SvPV_nolen(*args);
+   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio);
+   FILE *stdio = PerlSIO_freopen(path,(mode = PerlIOStdio_mode(mode,tmode)),s->stdio);
+   if (!s->stdio)
+    return NULL;
+   s->stdio = stdio;
+   return f;
   }
- return f;
-}
-
-int
-PerlIOStdio_reopen(const char *path, const char *mode, PerlIO *f)
-{
- dTHX;
- PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio);
- char tmode[8];
- FILE *stdio = PerlSIO_freopen(path,(mode = PerlIOStdio_mode(mode,tmode)),s->stdio);
- if (!s->stdio)
-  return -1;
- s->stdio = stdio;
- return 0;
+ else
+  {
+   if (narg > 0)
+    {
+     char *path = SvPV_nolen(*args);
+     if (*mode == '#')
+      {
+       mode++;
+       fd = PerlLIO_open3(path,imode,perm);
+      }
+     else
+      {
+       FILE *stdio = PerlSIO_fopen(path,mode);
+       if (stdio)
+        {
+         PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(aTHX_ (f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX)), self,
+                                     (mode = PerlIOStdio_mode(mode,tmode)),PerlIOArg),
+                                     PerlIOStdio);
+         s->stdio  = stdio;
+        }
+       return f;
+      }
+    }
+   if (fd >= 0)
+    {
+     FILE *stdio = NULL;
+     int init = 0;
+     if (*mode == 'I')
+      {
+       init = 1;
+       mode++;
+      }
+     if (init)
+      {
+       switch(fd)
+        {
+         case 0:
+          stdio = PerlSIO_stdin;
+          break;
+         case 1:
+          stdio = PerlSIO_stdout;
+          break;
+         case 2:
+          stdio = PerlSIO_stderr;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+     else
+      {
+       stdio = PerlSIO_fdopen(fd,mode = PerlIOStdio_mode(mode,tmode));
+      }
+     if (stdio)
+      {
+       PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(aTHX_ (f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX)),self,mode,PerlIOArg),PerlIOStdio);
+       s->stdio  = stdio;
+       return f;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+ return NULL;
 }
 
 SSize_t
 PerlIOStdio_read(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *s = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  SSize_t got = 0;
  if (count == 1)
@@ -1660,7 +2194,7 @@ PerlIOStdio_read(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 SSize_t
 PerlIOStdio_unread(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *s = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  STDCHAR *buf = ((STDCHAR *)vbuf)+count-1;
  SSize_t unread = 0;
@@ -1678,14 +2212,14 @@ PerlIOStdio_unread(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 SSize_t
 PerlIOStdio_write(PerlIO *f, const void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  return PerlSIO_fwrite(vbuf,1,count,PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio);
 }
 
 IV
 PerlIOStdio_seek(PerlIO *f, Off_t offset, int whence)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  return PerlSIO_fseek(stdio,offset,whence);
 }
@@ -1693,7 +2227,7 @@ PerlIOStdio_seek(PerlIO *f, Off_t offset, int whence)
 Off_t
 PerlIOStdio_tell(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  return PerlSIO_ftell(stdio);
 }
@@ -1701,14 +2235,15 @@ PerlIOStdio_tell(PerlIO *f)
 IV
 PerlIOStdio_close(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
-#ifdef HAS_SOCKET
- int optval, optlen = sizeof(int);
+ dSYS;
+#ifdef SOCKS5_VERSION_NAME
+ int optval;
+ Sock_size_t optlen = sizeof(int);
 #endif
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  return(
-#ifdef HAS_SOCKET
-   (getsockopt(PerlIO_fileno(f), SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE, (char *)&optval, &optlen) < 0) ?
+#ifdef SOCKS5_VERSION_NAME
+   (getsockopt(PerlIO_fileno(f), SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE, (void *)&optval, &optlen) < 0) ?
        PerlSIO_fclose(stdio) :
        close(PerlIO_fileno(f))
 #else
@@ -1721,7 +2256,7 @@ PerlIOStdio_close(PerlIO *f)
 IV
 PerlIOStdio_flush(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  if (PerlIOBase(f)->flags & PERLIO_F_CANWRITE)
   {
@@ -1747,7 +2282,7 @@ PerlIOStdio_flush(PerlIO *f)
 IV
 PerlIOStdio_fill(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  int c;
  /* fflush()ing read-only streams can cause trouble on some stdio-s */
@@ -1765,28 +2300,28 @@ PerlIOStdio_fill(PerlIO *f)
 IV
 PerlIOStdio_eof(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  return PerlSIO_feof(PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio);
 }
 
 IV
 PerlIOStdio_error(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  return PerlSIO_ferror(PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio);
 }
 
 void
 PerlIOStdio_clearerr(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  PerlSIO_clearerr(PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio);
 }
 
 void
 PerlIOStdio_setlinebuf(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
 #ifdef HAS_SETLINEBUF
  PerlSIO_setlinebuf(PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio);
 #else
@@ -1798,7 +2333,7 @@ PerlIOStdio_setlinebuf(PerlIO *f)
 STDCHAR *
 PerlIOStdio_get_base(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *stdio  = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  return PerlSIO_get_base(stdio);
 }
@@ -1806,7 +2341,7 @@ PerlIOStdio_get_base(PerlIO *f)
 Size_t
 PerlIOStdio_get_bufsiz(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  return PerlSIO_get_bufsiz(stdio);
 }
@@ -1816,7 +2351,7 @@ PerlIOStdio_get_bufsiz(PerlIO *f)
 STDCHAR *
 PerlIOStdio_get_ptr(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  return PerlSIO_get_ptr(stdio);
 }
@@ -1824,7 +2359,7 @@ PerlIOStdio_get_ptr(PerlIO *f)
 SSize_t
 PerlIOStdio_get_cnt(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
+ dSYS;
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
  return PerlSIO_get_cnt(stdio);
 }
@@ -1832,8 +2367,8 @@ PerlIOStdio_get_cnt(PerlIO *f)
 void
 PerlIOStdio_set_ptrcnt(PerlIO *f,STDCHAR *ptr,SSize_t cnt)
 {
- dTHX;
  FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
+ dSYS;
  if (ptr != NULL)
   {
 #ifdef STDIO_PTR_LVALUE
@@ -1871,12 +2406,11 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_stdio = {
  "stdio",
  sizeof(PerlIOStdio),
  PERLIO_K_BUFFERED,
- PerlIOStdio_fileno,
- PerlIOStdio_fdopen,
- PerlIOStdio_open,
- PerlIOStdio_reopen,
  PerlIOBase_pushed,
  PerlIOBase_noop_ok,
+ PerlIOStdio_open,
+ NULL,
+ PerlIOStdio_fileno,
  PerlIOStdio_read,
  PerlIOStdio_unread,
  PerlIOStdio_write,
@@ -1920,7 +2454,8 @@ PerlIO_exportFILE(PerlIO *f, int fl)
  stdio = fdopen(PerlIO_fileno(f),"r+");
  if (stdio)
   {
-   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(f,&PerlIO_stdio,"r+",Nullch,0),PerlIOStdio);
+   dTHX;
+   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(aTHX_ f,&PerlIO_stdio,"r+",Nullsv),PerlIOStdio);
    s->stdio  = stdio;
   }
  return stdio;
@@ -1953,68 +2488,65 @@ PerlIO_releaseFILE(PerlIO *p, FILE *f)
 /* perlio buffer layer */
 
 IV
-PerlIOBuf_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, const char *arg, STRLEN len)
+PerlIOBuf_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode, SV *arg)
 {
+ dSYS;
  PerlIOBuf *b = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOBuf);
- b->posn = PerlIO_tell(PerlIONext(f));
- return PerlIOBase_pushed(f,mode,arg,len);
-}
-
-PerlIO *
-PerlIOBuf_fdopen(PerlIO_funcs *self, int fd, const char *mode)
-{
- dTHX;
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_btm();
- int init = 0;
- PerlIO *f;
- if (*mode == 'I')
+ int fd  = PerlIO_fileno(f);
+ Off_t posn;
+ if (fd >= 0 && PerlLIO_isatty(fd))
   {
-   init = 1;
-   mode++;
+   PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_LINEBUF|PERLIO_F_TTY;
   }
-#if O_BINARY != O_TEXT
- /* do something about failing setmode()? --jhi */
- PerlLIO_setmode(fd, O_BINARY);
-#endif
- f = (*tab->Fdopen)(tab,fd,mode);
- if (f)
+ posn = PerlIO_tell(PerlIONext(f));
+ if (posn != (Off_t) -1)
   {
-   PerlIOBuf *b = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(f,self,mode,Nullch,0),PerlIOBuf);
-   if (init && fd == 2)
-    {
-     /* Initial stderr is unbuffered */
-     PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_UNBUF;
-    }
-#if 0
-   PerlIO_debug("PerlIOBuf_fdopen %s f=%p fd=%d m=%s fl=%08"UVxf"\n",
-                self->name,f,fd,mode,PerlIOBase(f)->flags);
-#endif
+   b->posn = posn;
   }
- return f;
+ return PerlIOBase_pushed(f,mode,arg);
 }
 
 PerlIO *
-PerlIOBuf_open(PerlIO_funcs *self, const char *path, const char *mode)
+PerlIOBuf_open(pTHX_ PerlIO_funcs *self, AV *layers, IV n, const char *mode, int fd, int imode, int perm, PerlIO *f, int narg, SV **args)
 {
- PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_default_btm();
- PerlIO *f = (*tab->Open)(tab,path,mode);
  if (f)
   {
-   PerlIO_push(f,self,mode,Nullch,0);
+   PerlIO *next = PerlIONext(f);
+   PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_layer_fetch(aTHX_ layers, n-2, PerlIOBase(next)->tab);
+   next = (*tab->Open)(aTHX_ tab, layers, n-2, mode,fd,imode,perm,next,narg,args);
+   if (!next || (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Pushed)(f,mode,PerlIOArg) != 0)
+    {
+     return NULL;
+    }
+  }
+ else
+  {
+   PerlIO_funcs *tab = PerlIO_layer_fetch(aTHX_ layers, n-2, PerlIO_default_btm());
+   int init = 0;
+   if (*mode == 'I')
+    {
+     init = 1;
+     mode++;
+    }
+   f = (*tab->Open)(aTHX_ tab, layers, n-2, mode,fd,imode,perm,NULL,narg,args);
+   if (f)
+    {
+     PerlIO_push(aTHX_ f,self,mode,PerlIOArg);
+     fd = PerlIO_fileno(f);
+#if O_BINARY != O_TEXT
+     /* do something about failing setmode()? --jhi */
+     PerlLIO_setmode(fd , O_BINARY);
+#endif
+     if (init && fd == 2)
+      {
+       /* Initial stderr is unbuffered */
+       PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_UNBUF;
+      }
+    }
   }
  return f;
 }
 
-int
-PerlIOBuf_reopen(const char *path, const char *mode, PerlIO *f)
-{
- PerlIO *next = PerlIONext(f);
- int code = (*PerlIOBase(next)->tab->Reopen)(path,mode,next);
- if (code = 0)
-  code = (*PerlIOBase(f)->tab->Pushed)(f,mode,Nullch,0);
- return code;
-}
-
 /* This "flush" is akin to sfio's sync in that it handles files in either
    read or write state
 */
@@ -2028,11 +2560,10 @@ PerlIOBuf_flush(PerlIO *f)
    /* write() the buffer */
    STDCHAR *buf = b->buf;
    STDCHAR *p = buf;
-   int count;
    PerlIO *n = PerlIONext(f);
    while (p < b->ptr)
     {
-     count = PerlIO_write(n,p,b->ptr - p);
+     SSize_t count = PerlIO_write(n,p,b->ptr - p);
      if (count > 0)
       {
        p += count;
@@ -2084,6 +2615,8 @@ PerlIOBuf_fill(PerlIO *f)
   */
  if (PerlIO_flush(f) != 0)
   return -1;
+ if (PerlIOBase(f)->flags & PERLIO_F_TTY)
+  PerlIOBase_flush_linebuf();
 
  if (!b->buf)
   PerlIO_get_base(f); /* allocate via vtable */
@@ -2139,32 +2672,11 @@ SSize_t
 PerlIOBuf_read(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count)
 {
  PerlIOBuf *b  = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOBuf);
- STDCHAR *buf  = (STDCHAR *) vbuf;
  if (f)
   {
    if (!b->ptr)
     PerlIO_get_base(f);
-   if (!(PerlIOBase(f)->flags & PERLIO_F_CANREAD))
-    return 0;
-   while (count > 0)
-    {
-     SSize_t avail = PerlIO_get_cnt(f);
-     SSize_t take  = (count < avail) ? count : avail;
-     if (take > 0)
-      {
-       STDCHAR *ptr = PerlIO_get_ptr(f);
-       Copy(ptr,buf,take,STDCHAR);
-       PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,ptr+take,(avail -= take));
-       count   -= take;
-       buf     += take;
-      }
-     if (count > 0  && avail <= 0)
-      {
-       if (PerlIO_fill(f) != 0)
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-   return (buf - (STDCHAR *) vbuf);
+   return PerlIOBase_read(f,vbuf,count);
   }
  return 0;
 }
@@ -2293,7 +2805,6 @@ PerlIOBuf_tell(PerlIO *f)
 IV
 PerlIOBuf_close(PerlIO *f)
 {
- dTHX;
  IV code = PerlIOBase_close(f);
  PerlIOBuf *b = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOBuf);
  if (b->buf && b->buf != (STDCHAR *) &b->oneword)
@@ -2306,15 +2817,6 @@ PerlIOBuf_close(PerlIO *f)
  return code;
 }
 
-void
-PerlIOBuf_setlinebuf(PerlIO *f)
-{
- if (f)
-  {
-   PerlIOBase(f)->flags &= ~PERLIO_F_LINEBUF;
-  }
-}
-
 STDCHAR *
 PerlIOBuf_get_ptr(PerlIO *f)
 {
@@ -2341,7 +2843,6 @@ PerlIOBuf_get_base(PerlIO *f)
  PerlIOBuf *b = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOBuf);
  if (!b->buf)
   {
-   dTHX;
    if (!b->bufsiz)
     b->bufsiz = 4096;
    b->buf = PerlMemShared_calloc(b->bufsiz,sizeof(STDCHAR));
@@ -2385,12 +2886,11 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_perlio = {
  "perlio",
  sizeof(PerlIOBuf),
  PERLIO_K_BUFFERED,
- PerlIOBase_fileno,
- PerlIOBuf_fdopen,
- PerlIOBuf_open,
- PerlIOBuf_reopen,
  PerlIOBuf_pushed,
  PerlIOBase_noop_ok,
+ PerlIOBuf_open,
+ NULL,
+ PerlIOBase_fileno,
  PerlIOBuf_read,
  PerlIOBuf_unread,
  PerlIOBuf_write,
@@ -2402,7 +2902,7 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_perlio = {
  PerlIOBase_eof,
  PerlIOBase_error,
  PerlIOBase_clearerr,
- PerlIOBuf_setlinebuf,
+ PerlIOBase_setlinebuf,
  PerlIOBuf_get_base,
  PerlIOBuf_bufsiz,
  PerlIOBuf_get_ptr,
@@ -2441,14 +2941,14 @@ PerlIOPending_seek(PerlIO *f, Off_t offset, int whence)
 IV
 PerlIOPending_flush(PerlIO *f)
 {
+ dTHX;
  PerlIOBuf *b = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOBuf);
  if (b->buf && b->buf != (STDCHAR *) &b->oneword)
   {
-   dTHX;
    PerlMemShared_free(b->buf);
    b->buf = NULL;
   }
- PerlIO_pop(f);
+ PerlIO_pop(aTHX_ f);
  return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2466,9 +2966,9 @@ PerlIOPending_set_ptrcnt(PerlIO *f, STDCHAR *ptr, SSize_t cnt)
 }
 
 IV
-PerlIOPending_pushed(PerlIO *f,const char *mode,const char *arg,STRLEN len)
+PerlIOPending_pushed(PerlIO *f,const char *mode,SV *arg)
 {
- IV code    = PerlIOBase_pushed(f,mode,arg,len);
+ IV code    = PerlIOBase_pushed(f,mode,arg);
  PerlIOl *l = PerlIOBase(f);
  /* Our PerlIO_fast_gets must match what we are pushed on,
     or sv_gets() etc. get muddled when it changes mid-string
@@ -2488,22 +2988,24 @@ PerlIOPending_read(PerlIO *f, void *vbuf, Size_t count)
   avail = count;
  if (avail > 0)
   got = PerlIOBuf_read(f,vbuf,avail);
- if (got < count)
-  got += PerlIO_read(f,((STDCHAR *) vbuf)+got,count-got);
+ if (got >= 0 && got < count)
+  {
+   SSize_t more = PerlIO_read(f,((STDCHAR *) vbuf)+got,count-got);
+   if (more >= 0 || got == 0)
+    got += more;
+  }
  return got;
 }
 
-
 PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_pending = {
  "pending",
  sizeof(PerlIOBuf),
  PERLIO_K_BUFFERED,
- PerlIOBase_fileno,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
  PerlIOPending_pushed,
  PerlIOBase_noop_ok,
+ NULL,
+ NULL,
+ PerlIOBase_fileno,
  PerlIOPending_read,
  PerlIOBuf_unread,
  PerlIOBuf_write,
@@ -2515,7 +3017,7 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_pending = {
  PerlIOBase_eof,
  PerlIOBase_error,
  PerlIOBase_clearerr,
- PerlIOBuf_setlinebuf,
+ PerlIOBase_setlinebuf,
  PerlIOBuf_get_base,
  PerlIOBuf_bufsiz,
  PerlIOBuf_get_ptr,
@@ -2539,11 +3041,11 @@ typedef struct
 } PerlIOCrlf;
 
 IV
-PerlIOCrlf_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode,const char *arg,STRLEN len)
+PerlIOCrlf_pushed(PerlIO *f, const char *mode,SV *arg)
 {
  IV code;
  PerlIOBase(f)->flags |= PERLIO_F_CRLF;
- code = PerlIOBuf_pushed(f,mode,arg,len);
+ code = PerlIOBuf_pushed(f,mode,arg);
 #if 0
  PerlIO_debug("PerlIOCrlf_pushed f=%p %s %s fl=%08"UVxf"\n",
               f,PerlIOBase(f)->tab->name,(mode) ? mode : "(Null)",
@@ -2654,7 +3156,6 @@ PerlIOCrlf_get_cnt(PerlIO *f)
          else
           {
            int code;
-           dTHX;
            b->ptr++;               /* say we have read it as far as flush() is concerned */
            b->buf++;               /* Leave space an front of buffer */
            b->bufsiz--;            /* Buffer is thus smaller */
@@ -2805,12 +3306,11 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_crlf = {
  "crlf",
  sizeof(PerlIOCrlf),
  PERLIO_K_BUFFERED|PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
- PerlIOBase_fileno,
- PerlIOBuf_fdopen,
- PerlIOBuf_open,
- PerlIOBuf_reopen,
  PerlIOCrlf_pushed,
  PerlIOBase_noop_ok,   /* popped */
+ PerlIOBuf_open,
+ NULL,
+ PerlIOBase_fileno,
  PerlIOBuf_read,       /* generic read works with ptr/cnt lies ... */
  PerlIOCrlf_unread,    /* Put CR,LF in buffer for each '\n' */
  PerlIOCrlf_write,     /* Put CR,LF in buffer for each '\n' */
@@ -2822,7 +3322,7 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_crlf = {
  PerlIOBase_eof,
  PerlIOBase_error,
  PerlIOBase_clearerr,
- PerlIOBuf_setlinebuf,
+ PerlIOBase_setlinebuf,
  PerlIOBuf_get_base,
  PerlIOBuf_bufsiz,
  PerlIOBuf_get_ptr,
@@ -2849,7 +3349,6 @@ PerlIOMmap_map(PerlIO *f)
 {
  dTHX;
  PerlIOMmap *m = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOMmap);
- PerlIOBuf  *b = &m->base;
  IV flags = PerlIOBase(f)->flags;
  IV code  = 0;
  if (m->len)
@@ -3111,12 +3610,11 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_mmap = {
  "mmap",
  sizeof(PerlIOMmap),
  PERLIO_K_BUFFERED,
- PerlIOBase_fileno,
- PerlIOBuf_fdopen,
- PerlIOBuf_open,
- PerlIOBuf_reopen,
  PerlIOBuf_pushed,
  PerlIOBase_noop_ok,
+ PerlIOBuf_open,
+ NULL,
+ PerlIOBase_fileno,
  PerlIOBuf_read,
  PerlIOMmap_unread,
  PerlIOMmap_write,
@@ -3128,7 +3626,7 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_mmap = {
  PerlIOBase_eof,
  PerlIOBase_error,
  PerlIOBase_clearerr,
- PerlIOBuf_setlinebuf,
+ PerlIOBase_setlinebuf,
  PerlIOMmap_get_base,
  PerlIOBuf_bufsiz,
  PerlIOBuf_get_ptr,
@@ -3141,6 +3639,10 @@ PerlIO_funcs PerlIO_mmap = {
 void
 PerlIO_init(void)
 {
+ dTHX;
+#ifndef WIN32
+ call_atexit(PerlIO_cleanup_layers, NULL);
+#endif
  if (!_perlio)
   {
 #ifndef WIN32
@@ -3149,14 +3651,15 @@ PerlIO_init(void)
   }
 }
 
-
-
 #undef PerlIO_stdin
 PerlIO *
 PerlIO_stdin(void)
 {
  if (!_perlio)
-  PerlIO_stdstreams();
+  {
+   dTHX;
+   PerlIO_stdstreams(aTHX);
+  }
  return &_perlio[1];
 }
 
@@ -3165,7 +3668,10 @@ PerlIO *
 PerlIO_stdout(void)
 {
  if (!_perlio)
-  PerlIO_stdstreams();
+  {
+   dTHX;
+   PerlIO_stdstreams(aTHX);
+  }
  return &_perlio[2];
 }
 
@@ -3174,7 +3680,10 @@ PerlIO *
 PerlIO_stderr(void)
 {
  if (!_perlio)
-  PerlIO_stdstreams();
+  {
+   dTHX;
+   PerlIO_stdstreams(aTHX);
+  }
  return &_perlio[3];
 }
 
@@ -3185,8 +3694,14 @@ char *
 PerlIO_getname(PerlIO *f, char *buf)
 {
  dTHX;
+ char *name = NULL;
+#ifdef VMS
+ FILE *stdio = PerlIOSelf(f,PerlIOStdio)->stdio;
+ if (stdio) name = fgetname(stdio, buf);
+#else
  Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Don't know how to get file name");
- return NULL;
+#endif
+ return name;
 }
 
 
@@ -3253,6 +3768,7 @@ PerlIO_vprintf(PerlIO *f, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
  SV *sv = newSVpvn("",0);
  char *s;
  STRLEN len;
+ SSize_t wrote;
 #ifdef NEED_VA_COPY
  va_list apc;
  Perl_va_copy(ap, apc);
@@ -3261,7 +3777,9 @@ PerlIO_vprintf(PerlIO *f, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
  sv_vcatpvf(sv, fmt, &ap);
 #endif
  s = SvPV(sv,len);
- return PerlIO_write(f,s,len);
+ wrote = PerlIO_write(f,s,len);
+ SvREFCNT_dec(sv);
+ return wrote;
 }
 
 #undef PerlIO_printf
@@ -3299,7 +3817,7 @@ PerlIO_tmpfile(void)
  FILE *stdio = PerlSIO_tmpfile();
  if (stdio)
   {
-   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX),&PerlIO_stdio,"w+",Nullch,0),PerlIOStdio);
+   PerlIOStdio *s = PerlIOSelf(PerlIO_push(aTHX_ (f = PerlIO_allocate(aTHX)),&PerlIO_stdio,"w+",Nullsv),PerlIOStdio);
    s->stdio  = stdio;
   }
  return f;
@@ -3346,7 +3864,7 @@ PerlIO_setpos(PerlIO *f, SV *pos)
    if (f && len == sizeof(Off_t))
     return PerlIO_seek(f,*posn,SEEK_SET);
   }
- errno = EINVAL;
+ SETERRNO(EINVAL,SS$_IVCHAN);
  return -1;
 }
 #else
@@ -3368,7 +3886,7 @@ PerlIO_setpos(PerlIO *f, SV *pos)
 #endif
     }
   }
- errno = EINVAL;
+ SETERRNO(EINVAL,SS$_IVCHAN);
  return -1;
 }
 #endif
@@ -3452,3 +3970,6 @@ PerlIO_sprintf(char *s, int n, const char *fmt,...)
 #endif
 
 
+
+
+