X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=moose-class%2Fslides%2Findex.html;h=ff7b8ab45eab045ace186a531289e951567eea75;hb=4b37a21f58441c0e5741e446de7c1f419c4a32db;hp=a44f504f875fff5a33dbc34ddd6e8efcea86914b;hpb=78204667be8035e186f28ab73d48f82e6799408d;p=gitmo%2Fmoose-presentations.git diff --git a/moose-class/slides/index.html b/moose-class/slides/index.html index a44f504..ff7b8ab 100644 --- a/moose-class/slides/index.html +++ b/moose-class/slides/index.html @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ img#me05 {top: 43px;left: 36px;} @@ -236,7 +246,10 @@ after 'foo' my @return = $self->$real_foo( @_, bar => 42 ); - return ( @return, 'modify return values' ); + return ( + @return, + 'modify return values' + ); }; @@ -263,7 +276,7 @@ has weight => ( ); # kaboom -Person->new( weight => 'fat' ); +Person->new( weight => 'heavy' );
@@ -285,11 +298,11 @@ use Moose; has blog_uri => ( is => 'rw', isa => 'URI', - handles => { 'blog_hostname' => 'host' }, + handles => { 'blog_host' => 'host' }, ); -$person->blog_hostname; -# really calls $person->blog_uri->host +$person->blog_host; +# really calls $person->blog_uri->host
@@ -830,6 +843,16 @@ has last_name => ( );
+
+

More Why Moose?

+ + +
+

Part 1: Moose Classes

@@ -870,8 +893,8 @@ use Moose;

BUILDARGS

@@ -889,7 +912,6 @@ sub BUILDARGS { if ( @_ == 1 && ! ref $_[0] ) { return { ssn => $_[0] }; } - return $class->SUPER::BUILDARGS(@_); } @@ -930,11 +952,11 @@ sub BUILD { 
Person->new(@_)
-
    +
    1. Calls Person->BUILDARGS(@_) to turn @_ into a hashref
    2. Blesses a reference
    3. Populates attributes based on the hashref from #1
      4. -
    4. Calls $new_object->BUILDALL($constructor_args) +
    5. Calls $new_object->BUILDALL($constructor_args)
      ... which calls all BUILD methods
    6. Returns the object
    @@ -946,6 +968,7 @@ sub BUILD { @@ -955,6 +978,7 @@ sub BUILD { @@ -963,6 +987,8 @@ sub BUILD { 
    package Employee;
@@ -1016,6 +1042,7 @@ extends 'LWP';
    @@ -1027,10 +1054,11 @@ use Moose; extends 'Person'; -override work => sub { +override work => sub { my $self = shift; - die "Pay me first" unless $self->got_paid; + die "Pay me first" + unless $self->got_paid; super(); }; @@ -1042,6 +1070,7 @@ use Moose;
  1. Mostly like $self->SUPER::work(@_)
  2. But cannot change @_!
  3. Binds the parent's method at compile time
    4. +
  4. Parent determined by checking Child->meta()->superclasses()
    5. @@ -1082,8 +1111,7 @@ has first_name => ( is => 'ro' ); my $person = Person->new( first_name => 'Dave' ); -$person->first_name('Stevan'); -print $person->first_name; # Dave +$person->first_name('Stevan'); # dies @@ -1102,7 +1130,7 @@ print $person->first_name; # Dave use Moose; # true -Person->can('extends'); +Person->can('extends'); @@ -2177,9 +2150,17 @@ has first_name => (
  5. Attributes can have a default or builder
  6. Attributes with a default or builder can be lazy
  7. Attributes can have a clearer and/or predicate
    8. + + + +
    +

    Basic Attributes Summary

    + +
    @@ -2191,7 +2172,8 @@ has first_name => (

    Exercises

    # cd exercises
-# perl bin/prove -lv t/03-basic-attributes.t
+# perl bin/prove -lv \
+      t/03-basic-attributes.t
 
 Iterate til this passes all its tests
    @@ -2205,18 +2187,18 @@ Iterate til this passes all its tests
    -

    What is a Method Modifier

    +

    What Are Method Modifiers For?

    @@ -2260,7 +2242,8 @@ before work => sub { my $self = shift; return unless $DEBUG; - warn "Called work on ", $self->full_name, + warn "Called work on ", + $self->full_name, "with the arguments: [@_]\n"; }; @@ -2292,19 +2275,17 @@ after work => sub {
    -

    Other Uses Example

    +

    More Modifier Examples

    has password => (
      is      => 'rw',
      clearer => 'clear_password',
 );
-
 has hashed_password => (
      is      => 'ro',
      builder => '_build_hashed_password',
      clearer => '_clear_hashed_password',
 );
-
 after clear_password => sub {
     my $self = shift;
     $self->_clear_hashed_password;
@@ -2344,8 +2325,7 @@ after clear_password => sub {
         $self->$orig(
             $self->_munge_insert(@_) );
 
-    $new_user->_assign_uri;
-
+    $new_user->_assign_uri;
     return $new_user;
 };
    @@ -2354,7 +2334,7 @@ after clear_password => sub {

    Modifier Order

    @@ -2409,6 +2389,7 @@ around run => sub { @@ -2417,21 +2398,21 @@ around run => sub {

    Augment and Inner

    - 
    package Document;
+  
    package Document;
 
 sub xml { '<doc>' . inner() . '</doc>' }
 
 package Report;
 extends 'Document';
-
 augment xml =>
-    sub { title() . inner() . summary() };
+    sub { my $self = shift;
+          $self->title() . inner() . $self->summary() };
 
 package TPSReport;
 extends 'Report';
-
 augment xml =>
-    sub { tps_xml() . inner() };
    
+    sub { my $self = shift;
+          $self->tps_xml() . inner() };
    @@ -2510,7 +2491,8 @@ extends 'Report';

    Exercises

    # cd exercises
-# perl bin/prove -lv t/04-method-modifiers.t
+# perl bin/prove -lv \
+      t/04-method-modifiers.t
 
 Iterate til this passes all its tests
    @@ -2552,11 +2534,11 @@ Item Undef Defined Value - Num - Int - Str - ClassName - RoleName + Str + Num + Int + ClassName + RoleName @@ -2566,6 +2548,7 @@ Item 
     (Item)
     (Defined)
+        (Value)
         Ref
             ScalarRef
             ArrayRef[`a]
@@ -2573,7 +2556,7 @@ Item
             CodeRef
             RegexpRef
             GlobRef
-              FileHandle
+                FileHandle
             Object
    @@ -2582,15 +2565,12 @@ Item

    Bool

    True

    - 
    1
-924.1
-'true'
-{}
    + 
    1

    False

    0
-0.0
 '0'
+''
 undef
    @@ -3037,15 +3042,6 @@ has transaction_history => (

    Questions?

    -
    -

    Exercises

    - - 
    # cd exercises
-# perl bin/prove -lv t/05-types.t
-
-Iterate til this passes all its tests
    -
    -

    Part 6: Advanced Attributes

    @@ -3109,7 +3105,8 @@ $alice->friend($bob);     use Moose; has name => ( is => 'ro' ); -has friend => ( is => 'rw', weak_ref => 1 ); +has friend => ( is => 'rw', + weak_ref => 1 ); my $alice = Person->new( name => 'Alice' ); my $bob = Person->new( name => 'Bob' ); @@ -3142,7 +3139,7 @@ $alice->friend($bob);     
    after salary_level => {
     my $self = shift;
-    return unless @_;
+    return unless @_;
     $self->clear_salary;
 };
    @@ -3154,11 +3151,22 @@ $alice->friend($bob); 
    has salary_level => (
     is      => 'rw',
-    trigger => sub { $_[0]->clear_salary },
+    trigger =>
+        sub { $_[0]->clear_salary },
 );
    +

    Trigger Arguments

    + + +
    + +

    Delegation

    @@ -3228,7 +3237,6 @@ has lungs => ( 
    package Person;
 use Moose;
-
 has account => (
     is      => 'ro',
     isa     => 'BankAccount',
@@ -3276,7 +3284,6 @@ has name => (
 
   
    package Auditor;
 use Moose::Role;
-
 sub record_change  { ... }
 sub change_history { ... }
 
@@ -3304,6 +3311,120 @@ has history => (
 
 
 
    
+  
    Native Delegation
    
+
+  
      
+    
    • Delegate to unblessed Perl types
      • 
+    
    • Scalar, array or hash ref, etc
      • 
+    
    • Treat Perl types as objects
      • 
+    
    • Still uses handles
      • 
+    
    • Pretend that native Perl types have methods
      • 
+  
    
+
    
+
+
    
+  
    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)
    
+
+  
      
+    
    • Methods include:
+      
        
+        
      • push
        • 
+        
      • shift
        • 
+        
      • elements - returns all elements
        • 
+        
      • count
        • 
+        
      • is_empty
        • 
+        
      • quite a few more
        • 
+      
      
+    
      • 
+  
    
+
    
+
+
    
+  
    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)
    
+
+  
    package Person;
+use Moose;
+has _favorite_numbers => (
+    traits   => [ 'Array' ],
+    is       => 'bare',
+    isa      => 'ArrayRef[Int]',
+    default  => sub { [] },
+    init_arg => undef,
+    handles  =>
+      { favorite_numbers    => 'elements',
+        add_favorite_number => 'push',
+      },
+);
    
+
    
+
+
    
+  
    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)
    
+
+  
    my $person = Person->new();
+
+$person->add_favorite_number(7);
+$person->add_favorite_number(42);
+
+print "$_\n"
+    for $person->favorite_numbers;
+
+# 7
+# 42
    
+
    
+
+
    
+  
    Native Delegation
    
+
+  
      
+    
    • Native types are ...
+      
        
+        
      • Number - add, mul, ...
        • 
+        
      • String - append, chop, ...
        • 
+        
      • Counter - inc, dec, ...
        • 
+        
      • Bool - set, toggle, ...
        • 
+        
      • Hash - get, set, ...
        • 
+        
      • Array - already saw it
        • 
+        
      • Code - execute and execute_method
        • 
+      
      
+    
      • 
+  
    
+
    
+
+
    
+  
    Curried Delegation
    
+
+  
      
+    
    • A delegation with some preset arguments
      • 
+    
    • Works with object or Native delegation
      • 
+  
    
+
    
+
+
    
+  
    Curried Delegation
    
+
+  
    package Person;
+use Moose;
+has account => (
+    is      => 'ro',
+    isa     => 'BankAccount',
+    handles => {
+        receive_100 =>
+            [ 'deposit', 100 ]
+        give_100    =>
+            [ 'withdraw', 100 ]
+    },
+);
    
+
    
+
+
    
+  
    Curried Delegation
    
+
+  
    $person->receive_100;
+# really is
+$person->account->deposit(100);
    
+
    
+
+
    
   
    Traits and Metaclasses
    
 
   
      
@@ -3328,7 +3449,7 @@ has history => (
   
      Traits and Metaclasses
      
 
   
        
-    
      • Can add/alter/remove attribute parameter (from has)
        • 
+    
      • Can add/alter/remove an attribute parameter (from has)
        • 
     
      • Can change behavior of created attribute
        • 
   
      
 
    
@@ -3346,7 +3467,6 @@ has ssn => (
     isa    => 'Str',
     label  => 'Social Security Number',
 );
-
 print Person->meta
             ->get_attribute('ssn')->label;
    
 
@@ -3365,7 +3485,6 @@ has ssn => (
     isa       => 'Str',
     label     => 'Social Security Number',
 );
-
 print Person->meta
             ->get_attribute('ssn')->label;
    @@ -3388,37 +3507,243 @@ print Person->meta
  8. Use weak_ref to avoid circular references
  9. Use trigger to do an action post-attribute write
  10. Use delegations to hide "internal" objects
    11. +
  11. Use native delegations to treat Perl types as objects
  12. Traits and metaclasses let you extend Moose's core attribute features
    13. -

    Questions?

    -
    - -

    Exercises

    # cd exercises
-# perl bin/prove -lv t/06-advanced-attributes.t
+# perl bin/prove -lv \
+      t/06-advanced-attributes.t
 
 Iterate til this passes all its tests
    -
    -

    Part 7: Introspection

    +
    +

    CYOA

    + +

    + If there is time, keep going ... +

    + +

    + Otherwise, jump to slide 268 ... +

    -

    Part 8: A Tour of MooseX

    +

    Bonus: A Brief Tour of MooseX

    -
    -

    Part 9: Writing Moose Extensions

    +
    +

    Notable MX Modules on CPAN

    + +
      +
    • Not comprehensive
      • +
    • 177 MooseX distributions on CPAN as of 09/21/2010
      • +
    • Some of them are crap
      • +
    -
    -

    The End

    +
    +

    Already Mentioned Several

    + +
      +
    • MooseX::NonMoose - best solution for subclassing non-Moose parents
      • +
    • MooseX::Declare - real Perl 5 OO
      • +
    • MooseX::FollowPBP and MooseX::SemiAffordanceAccessor
      • +
    • MooseX::Params::Validate and MooseX::Method::Signatures
      • +
    • MooseX::Types
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Declare

    + +
    use MooseX::Declare;
+use 5.10.0; # for say
+
+class Person {
+    has greeting =>
+        ( is => 'ro', isa => 'Str' );
+
+    method speak {
+        say $self->greeting;
+    }
+}
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Declare

    + +
      +
    • Still experimental-ish, but seeing more and more use
      • +
    • Not a source filter!
      • +
    • Hooks into the Perl parser rather than filtering all your code
      • +
    • But not supported by PPI, perltidy, etc.
      • (yet?) +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::StrictConstructor

    + +
      +
    • By default, unknown constructor arguments are ignored
      • +
    • MX::StrictConstructor turns these into an error
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::StrictConstructor

    + + 
    package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+use MooseX::StrictConstructor;
+
+has name => ( is => 'ro' );
+
+Person->new
+    ( nane => 'Ringo Shiina' ); # kaboom
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Traits

    + +
      +
    • Combines object construction and role application
      • +
    • Makes it easy to create one-off customized objects
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Traits

    + + 
    package MyApp::Thingy;
+use Moose;
+
+with 'MooseX::Traits';
+
+my $thing =
+    MyApp::Thingy->new_with_traits
+        ( traits => [ 'Foo', 'Bar' ],
+          size   => 42 );
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    + +
      +
    • Makes command-line interface programs easy!
      • +
    • Construct an object from CLI arguments
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    + + 
    package App::CLI;
+use Moose;
+
+with 'MooseX::Getopt';
+
+has file    =>
+    ( is => 'ro', required => 1 );
+has filters =>
+    ( is => 'ro', isa => 'ArrayRef[Str]' );
+
+sub run { ... }
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    + +
      +
    • Then call it like this:
      • +
    + +
    #!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use App::CLI;
+
+App::CLI->new_with_options()->run();
    + +
    $ myapp-cli \
+   --file foo \
+   --filters compress \
+   --filters sanitize
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Clone

    + + 
    package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+with 'MooseX::Clone';
+
+my $person = Person->new;
+my $clone  = $person->clone;
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::NonMoose

    + +
      +
    • Highly recommended for subclassing non-Moose parents
      • +
    • Gets all the little annoying details right
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Role::Parameterized

    + + 
    package HasCollection;
+use MooseX::Role::Parameterized;
+parameter type => ( isa     => 'Str',
+                    default => 'Item' );
+role {
+    my $p = shift;
+
+    my $type =
+        'ArrayRef[' . $p->type() . ']';
+    has collection =>
+        ( is  => 'ro',
+          isa => $type );
+};
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Role::Parameterized

    + + 
    package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+with HasCollection => { type => 'Int' };
    +
    + +
    +

    Questions?

    +
    + +
    +

    Moose-using Modules

    + +

    + For further reading, a few modules which use Moose ... +

    + +
    @@ -3431,10 +3756,14 @@ Iterate til this passes all its tests
  13. mailing list - moose@perl.org
  14. Slides and exercises are in Moose's git repo:
    - git://jules.scsys.co.uk/gitmo/moose-presentations
    15. + git://git.moose.perl.org/moose-presentations/moose.git
    +
    +

    The End

    +
    +