X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=moose-class%2Fslides%2Findex.html;h=e8302e4e73cbe636f765ed888232e74e28c1cd6d;hb=a88cc08084397dc7667e26dc315fb5492d8bf558;hp=1019d9993aae64d29abf1d9e7ad2736d35f47d53;hpb=b9a2a53f67245562693a09ef80bd9bd80340f5f7;p=gitmo%2Fmoose-presentations.git diff --git a/moose-class/slides/index.html b/moose-class/slides/index.html index 1019d99..e8302e4 100644 --- a/moose-class/slides/index.html +++ b/moose-class/slides/index.html @@ -52,7 +52,17 @@ img#me05 {top: 43px;left: 36px;}

Introduction to Moose

-

git://git.moose.perl.org/moose-presentations.git

+

Dave Rolsky

+
+ +
+

Introduce Yourselves

+ +
@@ -61,7 +71,8 @@ img#me05 {top: 43px;left: 36px;}
@@ -144,7 +155,7 @@ img#me05 {top: 43px;left: 36px;} 
package Person;
 use Moose;
 
-has first_name => ( is => 'rw' );
+has first_name => ( is => 'ro' ); @@ -208,7 +219,7 @@ use Moose; @@ -265,7 +276,7 @@ has weight => ( ); # kaboom -Person->new( weight => 'fat' ); +Person->new( weight => 'heavy' );
@@ -290,8 +301,8 @@ has blog_uri => ( handles => { 'blog_host' => 'host' }, ); -$person->blog_host; -# really calls $person->blog_uri->host +$person->blog_host; +# really calls $person->blog_uri->host
@@ -832,6 +843,16 @@ has last_name => ( );
+
+

More Why Moose?

+ + +
+

Part 1: Moose Classes

@@ -872,8 +893,8 @@ use Moose;

BUILDARGS

@@ -929,13 +950,13 @@ sub BUILD {

Object Construction a la Moose

- 
Person->new(@_)
+ 
Person->new(@args)
-
    -
  1. Calls Person->BUILDARGS(@_) to turn @_ into a hashref
    2. +
      +
    1. Calls Person->BUILDARGS(@args) to turn @args into a hashref
    2. Blesses a reference
    3. Populates attributes based on the hashref from #1
      4. -
    4. Calls $new_object->BUILDALL($constructor_args) +
    5. Calls $new_object->BUILDALL($constructor_args)
      ... which calls all BUILD methods
    6. Returns the object
    @@ -947,6 +968,7 @@ sub BUILD {
@@ -956,6 +978,7 @@ sub BUILD { @@ -1009,7 +1032,7 @@ extends 'LWP';
  • No DEMOLISH()
    • -
  • But see MooseX::NonMoose for a workaround
    • +
  • But MooseX::NonMoose fixes all of this
    • @@ -1019,6 +1042,7 @@ extends 'LWP'; @@ -1030,13 +1054,13 @@ use Moose; extends 'Person'; -override work => sub { +override work => sub { my $self = shift; die "Pay me first" unless $self->got_paid; - super(); -}; + super(); +};
    @@ -1045,7 +1069,8 @@ use Moose;
    @@ -1086,8 +1111,7 @@ has first_name => ( is => 'ro' ); my $person = Person->new( first_name => 'Dave' ); -$person->first_name('Stevan'); -print $person->first_name; # Dave +$person->first_name('Stevan'); # dies @@ -1106,7 +1130,7 @@ print $person->first_name; # Dave use Moose; # true -Person->can('extends'); +Person->can('extends'); - - -
    -

    Method Modifiers Summary

    - -
    @@ -2558,11 +2449,11 @@ Item Undef Defined Value - Num - Int - Str - ClassName - RoleName + Str + Num + Int + ClassName + RoleName @@ -2580,7 +2471,7 @@ Item CodeRef RegexpRef GlobRef - FileHandle + FileHandle Object @@ -2589,15 +2480,12 @@ Item

    Bool

    True

    - 
    1
-924.1
-'true'
-{}
    + 
    1

    False

    0
-0.0
 '0'
+''
 undef
    +

    Specio

    + + +
    + +

    Recommendation

    -
    -

    Exercises

    - - 
    # cd exercises
-# perl bin/prove -lv t/05-types.t
-
-Iterate til this passes all its tests
    -
    -

    Part 6: Advanced Attributes

    @@ -3153,7 +3084,7 @@ $alice->friend($bob);     
    after salary_level => {
     my $self = shift;
-    return unless @_;
+    return unless @_;
     $self->clear_salary;
 };
    @@ -3165,11 +3096,22 @@ $alice->friend($bob); 
    has salary_level => (
     is      => 'rw',
-    trigger => sub { $_[0]->clear_salary },
+    trigger =>
+        sub { $_[0]->clear_salary },
 );
    +

    Trigger Arguments

    + + +
    + +

    Delegation

    +

    Delegation Explained

    + +
    package Person;
+
+has lungs => (
+    is      => 'ro',
+    isa     => 'Lungs',
+    handles => [ 'inhale', 'exhale' ],
+);
+
+sub inhale {
+    my $self = shift;
+    $self->lungs()->inhale();
+}
+
+sub exhale { ... }
    +
    + +

    Why Delegation?

    @@ -3258,8 +3220,12 @@ has account => ( }, @@ -3318,17 +3284,36 @@ has history => (
    -

    Native Delegation - Array

    +

    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)

    + + +
    + +
    +

    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)

    package Person;
 use Moose;
 has _favorite_numbers => (
-    traits   => [ 'Array' ],
-    is       => 'ro',
+    traits   => [ 'Array' ],
     isa      => 'ArrayRef[Int]',
     default  => sub { [] },
     init_arg => undef,
@@ -3340,139 +3325,320 @@ has _favorite_numbers => (
    -

    Native Delegation - Counter

    +

    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)

    + + 
    my $person = Person->new();
+
+$person->add_favorite_number(7);
+$person->add_favorite_number(42);
+
+print "$_\n"
+    for $person->favorite_numbers;
+
+# 7
+# 42
    +
    + +
    +

    Native Delegation

    + + +
    + +
    +

    Curried Delegation

    + + +
    + +
    +

    Curried Delegation

    - 
    package Stack;
+  
    package Person;
 use Moose;
-has depth => (
-    traits   => [ 'Counter' ],
-    is       => 'ro',
-    isa      => 'Int',
-    default  => 0,
-    init_arg => undef,
-    handles  =>
-      { _inc_depth => 'inc',
-        _dec_depth => 'dec',
-      },
+has account => (
+    is      => 'ro',
+    isa     => 'BankAccount',
+    handles => {
+        receive_100 =>
+            [ 'deposit', 100 ],
+        give_100    =>
+            [ 'withdraw', 100 ]
+    },
 );
    +
    +

    Curried Delegation

    + + 
    $person->receive_100;
+# really is
+$person->account->deposit(100);
    +
    -

    Traits and Metaclasses

    +

    Advanced Attributes Summary

      -
    • The ultimate in customization
      • -
    • Per attribute metaclasses
      • -
    • Per attribute roles applied to the attribute metaclass
      • -
    • Change the meta-level behavior
      • +
    • Use weak_ref to avoid circular references
      • +
    • Use trigger to do an action post-attribute write
      • +
    • Use delegations to hide "internal" objects
      • +
    • Use native delegations to treat Perl types as objects
    -

    Traits and Metaclasses

    +

    Questions?

    +
    + +
    +

    Exercises

    + + 
    # cd exercises
+# perl bin/prove -lv \
+      t/06-advanced-attributes.t
+
+Iterate til this passes all its tests
    +
    + +
    +

    CYOA

    + +

    + If there is time, keep going ... +

    + +

    + Otherwise, jump to slide 269 ... +

    +
    + +
    +

    Bonus: A Brief Tour of MooseX

    +
    + +
    +

    Notable MX Modules on CPAN

      -
    • The default metaclass is Moose::Meta::Attribute
      • -
    • Controls accessor generation, defaults, delegation, etc.
      • -
    • Adding a role to this metaclass (or replacing it) allows for infinite customization
      • +
    • Not comprehensive
      • +
    • 188 MooseX distributions on CPAN as of 02/03/2011
      • +
    • Some of them are crap
    -

    Traits and Metaclasses

    +

    Already Mentioned Several

      -
    • Can add/alter/remove attribute parameter (from has)
      • -
    • Can change behavior of created attribute
      • +
    • MooseX::NonMoose - best solution for subclassing non-Moose parents
      • +
    • MooseX::Declare - real Perl 5 OO
      • +
    • MooseX::FollowPBP and MooseX::SemiAffordanceAccessor
      • +
    • MooseX::Params::Validate and MooseX::Method::Signatures
      • +
    • MooseX::Types
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Declare

    + +
    use MooseX::Declare;
+use 5.12.0; # for say
+
+class Person {
+    has greeting =>
+        ( is => 'ro', isa => 'Str' );
+
+    method speak {
+        say $self->greeting;
+    }
+}
    -

    Simple Trait Example

    +

    MooseX::Declare

    - 
    package Person;
-use Moose;
-use MooseX::LabeledAttributes;
+  
      
+    
    • Still experimental-ish, but seeing more and more use
      • 
+    
    • Not a source filter!
      • 
+    
    • Hooks into the Perl parser rather than filtering all your code
      • 
+    
    • But not supported by PPI, perltidy, etc. (yet?)
      • 
+  
    
+
    -has ssn => ( - traits => [ 'Labeled' ], - is => 'ro', - isa => 'Str', - label => 'Social Security Number', -); -print Person->meta - ->get_attribute('ssn')->label; +
    +

    MooseX::StrictConstructor

    + +
      +
    • By default, unknown constructor arguments are ignored
      • +
    • MX::StrictConstructor turns these into an error
      • +
    -

    Simple Metaclass Example

    +

    MooseX::StrictConstructor

    package Person;
+
 use Moose;
-use MooseX::LabeledAttributes;
+use MooseX::StrictConstructor;
 
-has ssn => (
-    metaclass =>
-        'MooseX::Meta::Attribute::Labeled',
-    is        => 'ro',
-    isa       => 'Str',
-    label     => 'Social Security Number',
-);
-print Person->meta
-            ->get_attribute('ssn')->label;
    +has name => ( is => 'ro' ); + +Person->new + ( nane => 'Ringo Shiina' ); # kaboom
    -

    Traits vs Metaclass

    +

    MooseX::Traits

    -

    Advanced Attributes Summary

    +

    MooseX::Traits

    + + 
    package MyApp::Thingy;
+use Moose;
+
+with 'MooseX::Traits';
+
+my $thing =
+    MyApp::Thingy->new_with_traits
+        ( traits => [ 'Foo', 'Bar' ],
+          size   => 42 );
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    -

    Questions?

    -
    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    + + 
    package App::CLI;
+use Moose;
+
+with 'MooseX::Getopt';
+
+has file    =>
+    ( is => 'ro', required => 1 );
+has filters =>
+    ( is => 'ro', isa => 'ArrayRef[Str]' );
+
+sub run { ... }
    +
    -

    Exercises

    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    - 
    # cd exercises
-# perl bin/prove -lv \
-      t/06-advanced-attributes.t
+  
      
+    
    • Then call it like this:
      • 
+  
    
 
-Iterate til this passes all its tests
    +
    #!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use App::CLI;
+
+App::CLI->new_with_options()->run();
    + +
    $ myapp-cli \
+   --file foo \
+   --filters compress \
+   --filters sanitize
    -
    -

    Part 7: Introspection

    +
    +

    MooseX::Clone

    + + 
    package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+with 'MooseX::Clone';
+
+my $person = Person->new;
+my $clone  = $person->clone;
    -
    -

    Part 8: A Tour of MooseX

    +
    +

    MooseX::NonMoose

    + +
      +
    • Highly recommended for subclassing non-Moose parents
      • +
    • Gets all the little annoying details right
      • +
    -
    -

    Part 9: Writing Moose Extensions

    +
    +

    MooseX::Role::Parameterized

    + + 
    package HasCollection;
+use MooseX::Role::Parameterized;
+parameter type => ( isa     => 'Str',
+                    default => 'Item' );
+role {
+    my $p = shift;
+
+    my $type =
+        'ArrayRef[' . $p->type() . ']';
+    has collection =>
+        ( is  => 'ro',
+          isa => $type );
+};
    -
    -

    The End

    +
    +

    MooseX::Role::Parameterized

    + + 
    package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+with HasCollection => { type => 'Int' };
    +
    + +
    +

    Questions?

    +
    + +
    +

    Moose-using Modules

    + +

    + For further reading, a few modules which use Moose ... +

    + +
    @@ -3480,22 +3646,26 @@ Iterate til this passes all its tests
    +
    +

    The End

    +
    +