X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=moose-class%2Fslides%2Findex.html;h=e2e889a1a72d032d6527ae0358e029615f2400dc;hb=d7deb8a91eda73a9252643bc0b221dd6e5d34482;hp=016371053a7e4b8ece68f6f0974d2cc9b1c8403f;hpb=0f55e69eca7c4d42bc3a766e2a3d929cf8a8487a;p=gitmo%2Fmoose-presentations.git diff --git a/moose-class/slides/index.html b/moose-class/slides/index.html index 0163710..e2e889a 100644 --- a/moose-class/slides/index.html +++ b/moose-class/slides/index.html @@ -52,7 +52,17 @@ img#me05 {top: 43px;left: 36px;}

Introduction to Moose

-

git://git.moose.perl.org/moose-presentations.git

+

Dave Rolsky +

+ +
+

Introduce Yourselves

+ +
@@ -61,7 +71,8 @@ img#me05 {top: 43px;left: 36px;}
@@ -208,7 +219,7 @@ use Moose; @@ -265,7 +276,7 @@ has weight => ( ); # kaboom -Person->new( weight => 'fat' ); +Person->new( weight => 'heavy' );
@@ -290,8 +301,8 @@ has blog_uri => ( handles => { 'blog_host' => 'host' }, ); -$person->blog_host; -# really calls $person->blog_uri->host +$person->blog_host; +# really calls $person->blog_uri->host
@@ -299,7 +310,7 @@ has blog_uri => (
@@ -832,6 +843,16 @@ has last_name => ( ); +
+

More Why Moose?

+ + +
+

Part 1: Moose Classes

@@ -872,7 +893,7 @@ use Moose;

BUILDARGS

@@ -1084,8 +1110,7 @@ has first_name => ( is => 'ro' ); my $person = Person->new( first_name => 'Dave' ); -$person->first_name('Stevan'); -print $person->first_name; # Dave +$person->first_name('Stevan'); # dies @@ -1104,7 +1129,7 @@ print $person->first_name; # Dave use Moose; # true -Person->can('extends'); +Person->can('extends'); + + +
+

Basic Attributes Summary

+ +
-

What is a Method Modifier

+

What Are Method Modifiers For?

@@ -2350,7 +2347,7 @@ after clear_password => sub { $self->$orig( $self->_munge_insert(@_) ); - $new_user->_assign_uri; + $new_user->_assign_uri; return $new_user; }; @@ -2359,7 +2356,7 @@ after clear_password => sub {

Modifier Order

@@ -2414,6 +2411,7 @@ around run => sub { @@ -2422,19 +2420,21 @@ around run => sub {

Augment and Inner

- 
package Document;
+  
package Document;
 
 sub xml { '<doc>' . inner() . '</doc>' }
 
 package Report;
 extends 'Document';
 augment xml =>
-    sub { title() . inner() . summary() };
+    sub { my $self = shift;
+          $self->title() . inner() . $self->summary() };
 
 package TPSReport;
 extends 'Report';
 augment xml =>
-    sub { tps_xml() . inner() };

+    sub { my $self = shift;
+          $self->tps_xml() . inner() };
@@ -2556,11 +2556,11 @@ Item Undef Defined Value - Num - Int - Str - ClassName - RoleName + Str + Num + Int + ClassName + RoleName
@@ -2570,6 +2570,7 @@ Item 
 (Item)
     (Defined)
+        (Value)
         Ref
             ScalarRef
             ArrayRef[`a]
@@ -2577,7 +2578,7 @@ Item
             CodeRef
             RegexpRef
             GlobRef
-              FileHandle
+                FileHandle
             Object
@@ -2608,6 +2609,7 @@ undef @@ -2708,9 +2710,11 @@ has start_date => (

Subtype Shortcuts - class_type

use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
-class_type 'DateTime';
+class_type 'DateTime';
-subtype 'DateTime', +
+ +
subtype     'DateTime',
     as      'Object',
     where   { $_->isa('DateTime') },
     message { ... };
@@ -2720,10 +2724,12 @@ subtype 'DateTime',

Subtype Shortcuts - role_type

use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
-role_type 'Printable';
+role_type 'Printable';
-subtype 'Printable', - as 'Object', +
+ +
subtype 'Printable',
+    as  'Object',
     where
         { Moose::Util::does_role(
               $_, 'Printable' ) },
@@ -2734,9 +2740,11 @@ subtype 'Printable',
   
Subtype Shortcuts - duck_type

 
   
use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
-duck_type Car => qw( run break_down );
+duck_type Car => qw( run break_down );

+
+

 
-subtype 'Car',
+
subtype 'Car',
     as      'Object',
     where   { all { $_->can($_) }
               qw( run break_down ) },
@@ -2747,12 +2755,14 @@ subtype 'Car',
   
Subtype Shortcuts - enum

 
   
use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
-enum Color => qw( red blue green ) );
+enum Color => qw( red blue green );

 
-my %ok = map { $_ => 1 }
+

+
+
my %ok = map { $_ => 1 }
              qw( red blue green );
 
-subtype 'Color'
+subtype     'Color'
     as      'Str',
     where   { $ok{$_} },
     message { ... };

@@ -2828,7 +2838,7 @@ coerce 'My::DateTime',
     via  { [ $_ ] };

 
   
    
-    
  • Coerce instead of a union like Int | ArrayRef[Int]
    • 
+    
  • Instead of union - Int | ArrayRef[Int]
    • 
   

 
 
@@ -2868,6 +2878,19 @@ no Moose;
 
 
 

+  
Questions So Far?

+
  
+
+

+  
Exercises

+
+  
# cd exercises
+# perl bin/prove -lv t/05-types.t
+
+Iterate til this passes all its tests

+

+
+

   
Typed Methods (Low-tech)

 
   
package Person;
@@ -2880,7 +2903,7 @@ sub work {
             \@_,
             tasks    =>
                 { isa    => 'ArrayRef[Task]',
-                  coerce =>1 },
+                  coerce => 1 },
             can_rest =>
                 { isa     => 'Bool',
                   default => 0 },
@@ -2998,9 +3021,9 @@ coerce ArrayOfInt
 
 use MyApp::Types qw( ArrayOfInt );
 
-has transaction_history => (
-    is  => 'rw',
-    isa => ArrayOfInt,
+has transaction_history => (
+    is  => 'rw',
+    isa => ArrayOfInt,
 );

 

 
@@ -3010,7 +3033,7 @@ has transaction_history => (
   
    
     
  • Type names are exported functions, catches typos early
    • 
     
  • Types must be pre-declared
    • 
-    
  • Types are stored with namespaces internally, but externally are short
    • 
+    
  • Types are stored with namespaces internally, but you use short names
    • 
     
  • Import existing Moose types as functions from MooseX::Types::Moose
    • 
     
  • Still need string names for things like ArrayRef['Email::Address']
    • 
   

@@ -3023,7 +3046,7 @@ has transaction_history => (
     
  • Catches typos at compile time
    • 
     
  • Automatic namespacing
    • 
     
  • One more thing to install and learn
    • 
-    
  • Every name gets types twice (declared and then defined)
    • 
+    
  • Every name is typed twice (declared and then defined)
    • 
     
  • Still stuck with strings when referring to class or role names
    • 
     
  • Coercion gotcha from earlier still applies to types exported from MooseX::Types::Moose
    • 
   
@@ -3044,15 +3067,6 @@ has transaction_history => (
   
    Questions?
    
   
 
-
    
-  
    Exercises
    
-
-  
    # cd exercises
-# perl bin/prove -lv t/05-types.t
-
-Iterate til this passes all its tests
    
-
    
-
 
    
   
    Part 6: Advanced Attributes
    
 
    
@@ -3150,7 +3164,7 @@ $alice->friend($bob);
    after salary_level => {
     my $self = shift;
-    return unless @_;
+    return unless @_;
     $self->clear_salary;
 };
    @@ -3162,11 +3176,22 @@ $alice->friend($bob);     
    has salary_level => (
     is      => 'rw',
-    trigger => sub { $_[0]->clear_salary },
+    trigger =>
+        sub { $_[0]->clear_salary },
 );
    +

    Trigger Arguments

    + + +
    + +

    Delegation

    @@ -3315,17 +3341,37 @@ has history => ( + + +
    +

    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)

    + +
    -

    Native Delegation - Array

    +

    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)

    package Person;
 use Moose;
 has _favorite_numbers => (
     traits   => [ 'Array' ],
-    is       => 'ro',
+    is       => 'bare',
     isa      => 'ArrayRef[Int]',
     default  => sub { [] },
     init_arg => undef,
@@ -3337,23 +3383,71 @@ has _favorite_numbers => (
    -

    Native Delegation - Counter

    +

    Native Delegation - Array(Ref)

    + + 
    my $person = Person->new();
+
+$person->add_favorite_number(7);
+$person->add_favorite_number(42);
+
+print "$_\n"
+    for $person->favorite_numbers;
+
+# 7
+# 42
    +
    + +
    +

    Native Delegation

    + + +
    + +
    +

    Curried Delegation

    + + +
    + +
    +

    Curried Delegation

    - 
    package Stack;
+  
    package Person;
 use Moose;
-has depth => (
-    traits   => [ 'Counter' ],
-    is       => 'ro',
-    isa      => 'Int',
-    default  => 0,
-    init_arg => undef,
-    handles  =>
-      { _inc_depth => 'inc',
-        _dec_depth => 'dec',
-      },
+has account => (
+    is      => 'ro',
+    isa     => 'BankAccount',
+    handles => {
+        receive_100 =>
+            [ 'deposit', 100 ]
+        give_100    =>
+            [ 'withdraw', 100 ]
+    },
 );
    +
    +

    Curried Delegation

    + + 
    $person->receive_100;
+# really is
+$person->account->deposit(100);
    +

    Traits and Metaclasses

    @@ -3380,7 +3474,7 @@ has depth => (

    Traits and Metaclasses

      -
    • Can add/alter/remove attribute parameter (from has)
      • +
    • Can add/alter/remove an attribute parameter (from has)
    • Can change behavior of created attribute
    @@ -3438,15 +3532,12 @@ print Person->meta
  • Use weak_ref to avoid circular references
  • Use trigger to do an action post-attribute write
  • Use delegations to hide "internal" objects
    • +
  • Use native delegations to treat Perl types as objects
  • Traits and metaclasses let you extend Moose's core attribute features
    • -

    Questions?

    -
    - -

    Exercises

    # cd exercises
@@ -3456,20 +3547,228 @@ print Person->meta
 Iterate til this passes all its tests
    -
    -

    Part 7: Introspection

    +
    +

    CYOA

    + +

    + If there is time, keep going ... +

    + +

    + Otherwise, jump to slide 269 ... +

    -

    Part 8: A Tour of MooseX

    +

    Bonus: A Brief Tour of MooseX

    -
    -

    Part 9: Writing Moose Extensions

    +
    +

    Notable MX Modules on CPAN

    + +
      +
    • Not comprehensive
      • +
    • 152 MooseX distributions on CPAN as of 02/02/2010
      • +
    • Some of them are crap
      • +
    -
    -

    The End

    +
    +

    Already Mentioned Several

    + +
      +
    • MooseX::NonMoose - best solution for subclassing non-Moose parents
      • +
    • MooseX::Declare - real Perl 5 OO
      • +
    • MooseX::FollowPBP and MooseX::SemiAffordanceAccessor
      • +
    • MooseX::Params::Validate and MooseX::Method::Signatures
      • +
    • MooseX::Types
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Declare

    + +
    use MooseX::Declare;
+use 5.10.0; # for say
+
+class Person {
+    has greeting =>
+        ( is => 'ro', isa => 'Str' );
+
+    method speak {
+        say $self->greeting;
+    }
+}
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Declare

    + +
      +
    • Still experimental-ish, but seeing more and more use
      • +
    • Not a source filter!
      • +
    • Hooks into the Perl parser rather than filtering all your code
      • +
    • But not supported by PPI, perltidy, etc.
      • (yet?) +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::StrictConstructor

    + +
      +
    • By default, unknown constructor arguments are ignored
      • +
    • MX::StrictConstructor turns these into an error
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::StrictConstructor

    + + 
    package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+use MooseX::StrictConstructor;
+
+has name => ( is => 'ro' );
+
+Person->new
+    ( nane => 'Ringo Shiina' ); # kaboom
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Traits

    + +
      +
    • Combines object construction and role application
      • +
    • Makes it easy to create one-off customized objects
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Traits

    + + 
    package MyApp::Thingy;
+use Moose;
+
+with 'MooseX::Traits';
+
+my $thing =
+    MyApp::Thingy->new_with_traits
+        ( traits => [ 'Foo', 'Bar' ],
+          size   => 42 );
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    + +
      +
    • Makes command-line interface programs easy!
      • +
    • Construct an object from CLI arguments
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    + + 
    package App::CLI;
+use Moose;
+
+with 'MooseX::Getopt';
+
+has file    =>
+    ( is => 'ro', required => 1 );
+has filters =>
+    ( is => 'ro', isa => 'ArrayRef[Str]' );
+
+sub run { ... }
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Getopt

    + +
      +
    • Then call it like this:
      • +
    + +
    #!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use App::CLI;
+
+App::CLI->new_with_options()->run();
    + +
    $ myapp-cli \
+   --file foo \
+   --filters compress \
+   --filters sanitize
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Clone

    + + 
    package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+with 'MooseX::Clone';
+
+my $person = Person->new;
+my $clone  = $person->clone;
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::NonMoose

    + +
      +
    • Highly recommended for subclassing non-Moose parents
      • +
    • Gets all the little annoying details right
      • +
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Role::Parameterized

    + + 
    package HasCollection;
+use MooseX::Role::Parameterized;
+parameter type => ( isa     => 'Str',
+                    default => 'Item' );
+role {
+    my $p = shift;
+
+    my $type =
+        'ArrayRef[' . $p->type() . ']';
+    has collection =>
+        ( is  => 'ro',
+          isa => $type );
+};
    +
    + +
    +

    MooseX::Role::Parameterized

    + + 
    package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+with HasCollection => { type => 'Int' };
    +
    + +
    +

    Questions?

    +
    + +
    +

    Moose-using Modules

    + +

    + For further reading, a few modules which use Moose ... +

    + +
    @@ -3482,10 +3781,14 @@ Iterate til this passes all its tests
  • mailing list - moose@perl.org
  • Slides and exercises are in Moose's git repo:
    - git://jules.scsys.co.uk/gitmo/moose-presentations
    • + git://jules.scsys.co.uk/gitmo/moose-presentations
    +
    +

    The End

    +
    +