- Calls
Person->BUILDARGS(@_)
to turn @_
into a hashref
- Blesses a reference
- Populates attributes based on the hashref from #1
@@ -964,6 +984,8 @@ sub BUILD {
extends
is sugar for declaring parent classes
+ - Also ensures metaclass compatibility between parent and child
+ - Do not
use base
package Employee;
@@ -2359,7 +2381,7 @@ after clear_password => sub {
Modifier Order
- - Before runs order from last to first
+ - Before runs in order from last to first
- After runs in order from first to last
- Around runs in order from last to first
@@ -2556,9 +2578,9 @@ Item
Undef
Defined
Value
- Num
- Int
Str
+ Num
+ Int
ClassName
RoleName
@@ -2570,6 +2592,7 @@ Item
(Item)
(Defined)
+ (Value)
Ref
ScalarRef
ArrayRef[`a]
@@ -2608,6 +2631,7 @@ undef
Value
is true when ! ref $thing
Value
and Str
are effectively the same, but Str
is more expressive
+ Num
is true when a $scalar
looks like a number
- An overloaded object which numifies does not pass the
Num
constraint!
- Perl 5's overloading is hopelessly broken
@@ -2828,7 +2852,7 @@ coerce 'My::DateTime',
via { [ $_ ] };
- - Coerce instead of a union like
Int | ArrayRef[Int]
+ - Instead of union -
Int | ArrayRef[Int]
@@ -2880,7 +2904,7 @@ sub work {
\@_,
tasks =>
{ isa => 'ArrayRef[Task]',
- coerce =>1 },
+ coerce => 1 },
can_rest =>
{ isa => 'Bool',
default => 0 },
@@ -3315,11 +3339,31 @@ has history => (
- Delegate to unblessed Perl types
- Scalar, array or hash ref, etc
+ - Treat Perl types as objects
+ - Still uses
handles
+ - Pretend that native Perl types have methods
-
Native Delegation - Array
+
Native Delegation - Array(Ref)
+
+
+ - Methods include:
+
+ push
+ shift
+ elements
- returns all elements
+ count
+ is_empty
+ - quite a few more
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Native Delegation - Array(Ref)
package Person;
use Moose;
@@ -3337,23 +3381,71 @@ has _favorite_numbers => (
-
Native Delegation - Counter
+
Native Delegation - Array(Ref)
+
+
my $person = Person->new();
+
+$person->add_favorite_number(7);
+$person->add_favorite_number(42);
- package Stack;
+print "$_\n"
+ for $person->favorite_numbers;
+
+# 7
+# 42
+
+
+
+
Native Delegation
+
+
+ - Native types are ...
+
+ - Number -
add
, mul
, ...
+ - String -
append
, chop
, ...
+ - Counter -
inc
, dec
, ...
+ - Bool -
set
, toggle
, ...
+ - Hash -
get
, set
, ...
+ - Array - already saw it
+ - Code -
execute
, that's it
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Curried Delegation
+
+
+ - A delegation with some preset arguments
+ - Works with object or Native delegation
+
+
+
+
+
Curried Delegation
+
+
package Person;
use Moose;
-has depth => (
- traits => [ 'Counter' ],
- is => 'ro',
- isa => 'Int',
- default => 0,
- init_arg => undef,
- handles =>
- { _inc_depth => 'inc',
- _dec_depth => 'dec',
- },
+has account => (
+ is => 'ro',
+ isa => 'BankAccount',
+ handles => {
+ receive_100 =>
+ [ 'deposit', 100 ]
+ give_100 =>
+ [ 'withdraw', 100 ]
+ },
);
+
+
Curried Delegation
+
+
$person->receive_100;
+# really is
+$person->account->deposit(100);
+
Traits and Metaclasses
@@ -3461,9 +3553,200 @@ Iterate til this passes all its tests
-
Part 8: A Tour of MooseX
+ Part 8: A Brief Tour of MooseX
+
+
+
+
Notable MX Modules on CPAN
+
+
+ - Not comprehensive
+ - 128 MooseX distributions on CPAN as of 09/24/2009
+ - Some of them are crap
+
+
+
+
+
Already Mentioned Several
+
+
+ MooseX::NonMoose
- best solution for subclassing non-Moose parents
+ MooseX::Declare
- real Perl 5 OO
+ MooseX::FollowPBP
and MooseX::SemiAffordanceAccessor
+ MooseX::Params::Validate
and MooseX::Method::Signatures
+ MooseX::Types
+
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Declare
+
+
use MooseX::Declare;
+use 5.10.0; # for say
+
+class Person {
+ has greeting =>
+ ( is => 'ro', isa => 'Str' );
+
+ method speak {
+ say $self->greeting;
+ }
+}
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Declare
+
+
+ - Still experimental-ish, but seeing more and more use
+ - Not a source filter!
+ - Hooks into the Perl parser rather than filtering all your code
+ - But not supported by
PPI
, perltidy
, etc. (yet?)
+
+
+
MooseX::StrictConstructor
+
+
+ - By default, unknown constructor arguments are ignored
+ - MX::StrictConstructor turns these into an error
+
+
+
+
+
MooseX::StrictConstructor
+
+
package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+use MooseX::StrictConstructor;
+
+has name => ( is => 'ro' );
+
+Person->new
+ ( nane => 'Ringo Shiina' ); # kaboom
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Traits
+
+
+ - Combines object construction and role application
+ - Makes it easy to create one-off customized objects
+
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Traits
+
+
package MyApp::Thingy;
+use Moose;
+
+with 'MooseX::Traits';
+
+my $thing =
+ MyApp::Thingy->new_with_traits
+ ( traits => [ 'Foo', 'Bar' ],
+ size => 42 );
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Getopt
+
+
+ - Makes command-line interface programs easy!
+ - Construct an object from CLI arguments
+
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Getopt
+
+
package App::CLI;
+use Moose;
+
+with 'MooseX::Getopt';
+
+has file =>
+ ( is => 'ro', required => 1 );
+has filters =>
+ ( is => 'ro', isa => 'Str' );
+
+sub run { ... }
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Getopt
+
+
+ - Then call it like this:
+
+
+
#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use App::CLI;
+
+App::CLI->new_with_options()->run();
+
+
$ myapp-cli \
+ --file foo \
+ --filters compress \
+ --filters sanitize
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Clone
+
+
package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+with 'MooseX::Clone';
+
+my $person = Person->new;
+my $clone = $person->clone;
+
+
+
+
MooseX::NonMoose
+
+
+ - Highly recommended for subclassing non-Moose parents
+ - Gets all the little annoying details right
+
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Role::Parameterized
+
+
package HasCollection;
+use MooseX::Role::Parameterized;
+parameter type => ( isa => 'Str',
+ default => 'Item' );
+role {
+ my $p = shift;
+
+ my $type =
+ 'ArrayRef[' . $p->type() . ']';
+ has collection =>
+ ( is => 'ro',
+ isa => $type );
+};
+
+
+
+
MooseX::Role::Parameterized
+
+
package Person;
+
+use Moose;
+with HasCollection => { type => 'Int' };
+
+
+
+
Questions?
+
+
Part 9: Writing Moose Extensions