X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=lib%2FExtUtils%2Fxsubpp;h=98bb7397f66f4150a129f24e025f3ef9ee6840f0;hb=8c7f0036c6170bb0e341d84874bdb51f472a6afb;hp=b02a74d24704673fbd31c398828a867d0ac8b922;hpb=382b8d976294e2f8b1ced0b3776a3fb280b0ecd4;p=p5sagit%2Fp5-mst-13.2.git diff --git a/lib/ExtUtils/xsubpp b/lib/ExtUtils/xsubpp index b02a74d..98bb739 100755 --- a/lib/ExtUtils/xsubpp +++ b/lib/ExtUtils/xsubpp @@ -6,10 +6,12 @@ xsubpp - compiler to convert Perl XS code into C code =head1 SYNOPSIS -B [B<-v>] [B<-C++>] [B<-except>] [B<-s pattern>] [B<-noprototypes>] [B<-typemap typemap>]... file.xs +B [B<-v>] [B<-C++>] [B<-except>] [B<-s pattern>] [B<-prototypes>] [B<-noversioncheck>] [B<-nolinenumbers>] [B<-nooptimize>] [B<-typemap typemap>] ... file.xs =head1 DESCRIPTION +This compiler is typically run by the makefiles created by L. + I will compile XS code into C code by embedding the constructs necessary to let C functions manipulate Perl values and creates the glue necessary to let Perl access those functions. The compiler uses typemaps to @@ -23,13 +25,15 @@ typemap taking precedence. =head1 OPTIONS +Note that the C MakeMaker option may be used to add these options to +any makefiles generated by MakeMaker. + =over 5 =item B<-C++> Adds ``extern "C"'' to the C code. - =item B<-except> Adds exception handling stubs to the C code. @@ -44,8 +48,35 @@ typemap having the highest precedence. Prints the I version number to standard output, then exits. -=item B<-noprototypes> +=item B<-prototypes> + +By default I will not automatically generate prototype code for +all xsubs. This flag will enable prototypes. + +=item B<-noversioncheck> + +Disables the run time test that determines if the object file (derived +from the C<.xs> file) and the C<.pm> files have the same version +number. + +=item B<-nolinenumbers> + +Prevents the inclusion of `#line' directives in the output. +=item B<-nooptimize> + +Disables certain optimizations. The only optimization that is currently +affected is the use of Is by the output C code (see L). +This may significantly slow down the generated code, but this is the way +B of 5.005 and earlier operated. + +=item B<-noinout> + +Disable recognition of C, C and C declarations. + +=item B<-noargtypes> + +Disable recognition of ANSI-like descriptions of function signature. =back @@ -63,41 +94,92 @@ See the file F. =head1 SEE ALSO -perl(1), perlapi(1) +perl(1), perlxs(1), perlxstut(1) =cut -# Global Constants -$XSUBPP_version = "1.924"; require 5.002; +use Cwd; +use vars '$cplusplus'; +use vars '%v'; + +use Config; + +sub Q ; -$usage = "Usage: xsubpp [-v] [-C++] [-except] [-noprototypes] [-s pattern] [-typemap typemap]... file.xs\n"; +# Global Constants + +$XSUBPP_version = "1.9508"; + +my ($Is_VMS, $SymSet); +if ($^O eq 'VMS') { + $Is_VMS = 1; + # Establish set of global symbols with max length 28, since xsubpp + # will later add the 'XS_' prefix. + require ExtUtils::XSSymSet; + $SymSet = new ExtUtils::XSSymSet 28; +} -$proto_re = "[" . quotemeta('\$%&*@;') . "]" ; +$FH = 'File0000' ; + +$usage = "Usage: xsubpp [-v] [-C++] [-except] [-prototypes] [-noversioncheck] [-nolinenumbers] [-nooptimize] [-noinout] [-noargtypes] [-s pattern] [-typemap typemap]... file.xs\n"; + +$proto_re = "[" . quotemeta('\$%&*@;[]') . "]" ; $except = ""; -$WantPrototypes = 1 ; +$WantPrototypes = -1 ; +$WantVersionChk = 1 ; +$ProtoUsed = 0 ; +$WantLineNumbers = 1 ; +$WantOptimize = 1 ; + +my $process_inout = 1; +my $process_argtypes = 1; + SWITCH: while (@ARGV and $ARGV[0] =~ /^-./) { $flag = shift @ARGV; $flag =~ s/^-// ; - $spat = shift, next SWITCH if $flag eq 's'; + $spat = quotemeta shift, next SWITCH if $flag eq 's'; $cplusplus = 1, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'C++'; $WantPrototypes = 0, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'noprototypes'; $WantPrototypes = 1, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'prototypes'; + $WantVersionChk = 0, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'noversioncheck'; + $WantVersionChk = 1, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'versioncheck'; + # XXX left this in for compat + next SWITCH if $flag eq 'object_capi'; $except = " TRY", next SWITCH if $flag eq 'except'; push(@tm,shift), next SWITCH if $flag eq 'typemap'; - (print "xsubpp version $XSUBPP_version\n"), exit + $WantLineNumbers = 0, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'nolinenumbers'; + $WantLineNumbers = 1, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'linenumbers'; + $WantOptimize = 0, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'nooptimize'; + $WantOptimize = 1, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'optimize'; + $process_inout = 0, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'noinout'; + $process_inout = 1, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'inout'; + $process_argtypes = 0, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'noargtypes'; + $process_argtypes = 1, next SWITCH if $flag eq 'argtypes'; + (print "xsubpp version $XSUBPP_version\n"), exit if $flag eq 'v'; die $usage; } +if ($WantPrototypes == -1) + { $WantPrototypes = 0} +else + { $ProtoUsed = 1 } + + @ARGV == 1 or die $usage; -chomp($pwd = `pwd`); -# Check for error message from VMS -if ($pwd =~ /unrecognized command verb/) { $Is_VMS = 1; $pwd = $ENV{DEFAULT} } ($dir, $filename) = $ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*)/(.*)# + or ($dir, $filename) = $ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*)\\(.*)# or ($dir, $filename) = $ARGV[0] =~ m#(.*[>\]])(.*)# or ($dir, $filename) = ('.', $ARGV[0]); chdir($dir); +$pwd = cwd(); + +++ $IncludedFiles{$ARGV[0]} ; + +my(@XSStack) = ({type => 'none'}); # Stack of conditionals and INCLUDEs +my($XSS_work_idx, $cpp_next_tmp) = (0, "XSubPPtmpAAAA"); + sub TrimWhitespace { @@ -129,7 +211,7 @@ unshift @tm, qw(../../../../lib/ExtUtils/typemap ../../../lib/ExtUtils/typemap ../../lib/ExtUtils/typemap ../../../typemap ../../typemap ../typemap typemap); foreach $typemap (@tm) { - next unless -e $typemap ; + next unless -f $typemap ; # skip directories, binary files etc. warn("Warning: ignoring non-text typemap file '$typemap'\n"), next unless -T $typemap ; @@ -140,6 +222,7 @@ foreach $typemap (@tm) { $current = \$junk; while () { next if /^\s*#/; + my $line_no = $. + 1; if (/^INPUT\s*$/) { $mode = 'Input'; $current = \$junk; next; } if (/^OUTPUT\s*$/) { $mode = 'Output'; $current = \$junk; next; } if (/^TYPEMAP\s*$/) { $mode = 'Typemap'; $current = \$junk; next; } @@ -154,7 +237,7 @@ foreach $typemap (@tm) { $type = TidyType($type) ; $type_kind{$type} = $kind ; # prototype defaults to '$' - $proto = '$' unless $proto ; + $proto = "\$" unless $proto ; warn("Warning: File '$typemap' Line $. '$line' Invalid prototype '$proto'\n") unless ValidProtoString($proto) ; $proto_letter{$type} = C_string($proto) ; @@ -180,12 +263,31 @@ foreach $key (keys %input_expr) { $input_expr{$key} =~ s/\n+$//; } +$bal = qr[(?:(?>[^()]+)|\((??{ $bal })\))*]; # ()-balanced +$cast = qr[(?:\(\s*SV\s*\*\s*\)\s*)?]; # Optional (SV*) cast +$size = qr[,\s* (??{ $bal }) ]x; # Third arg (to setpvn) + +foreach $key (keys %output_expr) { + use re 'eval'; + + my ($t, $with_size, $arg, $sarg) = + ($output_expr{$key} =~ + m[^ \s+ sv_set ( [iunp] ) v (n)? # Type, is_setpvn + \s* \( \s* $cast \$arg \s* , + \s* ( (??{ $bal }) ) # Set from + ( (??{ $size }) )? # Possible sizeof set-from + \) \s* ; \s* $ + ]x); + $targetable{$key} = [$t, $with_size, $arg, $sarg] if $t; +} + $END = "!End!\n\n"; # "impossible" keyword (multiple newline) # Match an XS keyword $BLOCK_re= '\s*(' . join('|', qw( REQUIRE BOOT CASE PREINIT INPUT INIT CODE PPCODE OUTPUT - CLEANUP ALIAS PROTOTYPES PROTOTYPE + CLEANUP ALIAS ATTRS PROTOTYPES PROTOTYPE VERSIONCHECK INCLUDE + SCOPE INTERFACE INTERFACE_MACRO C_ARGS POSTCALL )) . "|$END)\\s*:"; # Input: ($_, @line) == unparsed input. @@ -196,12 +298,96 @@ sub check_keyword { s/^(\s*)($_[0])\s*:\s*(?:#.*)?/$1/s && $2; } +my ($C_group_rex, $C_arg); +# Group in C (no support for comments or literals) +$C_group_rex = qr/ [({\[] + (?: (?> [^()\[\]{}]+ ) | (??{ $C_group_rex }) )* + [)}\]] /x ; +# Chunk in C without comma at toplevel (no comments): +$C_arg = qr/ (?: (?> [^()\[\]{},"']+ ) + | (??{ $C_group_rex }) + | " (?: (?> [^\\"]+ ) + | \\. + )* " # String literal + | ' (?: (?> [^\\']+ ) | \\. )* ' # Char literal + )* /xs; + +if ($WantLineNumbers) { + { + package xsubpp::counter; + sub TIEHANDLE { + my ($class, $cfile) = @_; + my $buf = ""; + $SECTION_END_MARKER = "#line --- \"$cfile\""; + $line_no = 1; + bless \$buf; + } + + sub PRINT { + my $self = shift; + for (@_) { + $$self .= $_; + while ($$self =~ s/^([^\n]*\n)//) { + my $line = $1; + ++ $line_no; + $line =~ s|^\#line\s+---(?=\s)|#line $line_no|; + print STDOUT $line; + } + } + } + + sub PRINTF { + my $self = shift; + my $fmt = shift; + $self->PRINT(sprintf($fmt, @_)); + } + + sub DESTROY { + # Not necessary if we're careful to end with a "\n" + my $self = shift; + print STDOUT $$self; + } + } + + my $cfile = $filename; + $cfile =~ s/\.xs$/.c/i or $cfile .= ".c"; + tie(*PSEUDO_STDOUT, 'xsubpp::counter', $cfile); + select PSEUDO_STDOUT; +} sub print_section { - $_ = shift(@line) while !/\S/ && @line; + # the "do" is required for right semantics + do { $_ = shift(@line) } while !/\S/ && @line; + + print("#line ", $line_no[@line_no - @line -1], " \"$filename\"\n") + if $WantLineNumbers && !/^\s*#\s*line\b/ && !/^#if XSubPPtmp/; for (; defined($_) && !/^$BLOCK_re/o; $_ = shift(@line)) { print "$_\n"; } + print "$xsubpp::counter::SECTION_END_MARKER\n" if $WantLineNumbers; +} + +sub merge_section { + my $in = ''; + + while (!/\S/ && @line) { + $_ = shift(@line); + } + + for (; defined($_) && !/^$BLOCK_re/o; $_ = shift(@line)) { + $in .= "$_\n"; + } + chomp $in; + return $in; +} + +sub process_keyword($) +{ + my($pattern) = @_ ; + my $kwd ; + + &{"${kwd}_handler"}() + while $kwd = check_keyword($pattern) ; } sub CASE_handler { @@ -222,39 +408,54 @@ sub INPUT_handler { my $line = $_ ; # remove trailing semicolon if no initialisation - s/\s*;$//g unless /=/ ; + s/\s*;$//g unless /[=;+].*\S/ ; # check for optional initialisation code my $var_init = '' ; - $var_init = $1 if s/\s*(=.*)$//s ; + $var_init = $1 if s/\s*([=;+].*)$//s ; $var_init =~ s/"/\\"/g; s/\s+/ /g; - my ($var_type, $var_addr, $var_name) = /^(.*?[^& ]) *(\&?) *\b(\w+)$/s + my ($var_type, $var_addr, $var_name) = /^(.*?[^&\s])\s*(\&?)\s*\b(\w+)$/s or blurt("Error: invalid argument declaration '$line'"), next; # Check for duplicate definitions blurt ("Error: duplicate definition of argument '$var_name' ignored"), next - if $arg_list{$var_name} ++ ; + if $arg_list{$var_name}++ + or defined $arg_types{$var_name} and not $processing_arg_with_types; $thisdone |= $var_name eq "THIS"; $retvaldone |= $var_name eq "RETVAL"; $var_types{$var_name} = $var_type; - print "\t" . &map_type($var_type); + # XXXX This check is a safeguard against the unfinished conversion of + # generate_init(). When generate_init() is fixed, + # one can use 2-args map_type() unconditionally. + if ($var_type =~ / \( \s* \* \s* \) /x) { + # Function pointers are not yet supported with &output_init! + print "\t" . &map_type($var_type, $var_name); + $name_printed = 1; + } else { + print "\t" . &map_type($var_type); + $name_printed = 0; + } $var_num = $args_match{$var_name}; - $proto_arg[$var_num] = ProtoString($var_type) ; - if ($var_addr) { - $var_addr{$var_name} = 1; - $func_args =~ s/\b($var_name)\b/&$1/; - } - if ($var_init =~ /^=\s*NO_INIT\s*;?\s*$/) { + $proto_arg[$var_num] = ProtoString($var_type) + if $var_num ; + $func_args =~ s/\b($var_name)\b/&$1/ if $var_addr; + if ($var_init =~ /^[=;]\s*NO_INIT\s*;?\s*$/ + or $in_out{$var_name} and $in_out{$var_name} =~ /^OUT/ + and $var_init !~ /\S/) { + if ($name_printed) { + print ";\n"; + } else { print "\t$var_name;\n"; + } } elsif ($var_init =~ /\S/) { - &output_init($var_type, $var_num, "$var_name $var_init"); + &output_init($var_type, $var_num, $var_name, $var_init, $name_printed); } elsif ($var_num) { # generate initialization code - &generate_init($var_type, $var_num, $var_name); + &generate_init($var_type, $var_num, $var_name, $name_printed); } else { print ";\n"; } @@ -264,6 +465,10 @@ sub INPUT_handler { sub OUTPUT_handler { for (; !/^$BLOCK_re/o; $_ = shift(@line)) { next unless /\S/; + if (/^\s*SETMAGIC\s*:\s*(ENABLE|DISABLE)\s*/) { + $DoSetMagic = ($1 eq "ENABLE" ? 1 : 0); + next; + } my ($outarg, $outcode) = /^\s*(\S+)\s*(.*?)\s*$/s ; blurt ("Error: duplicate OUTPUT argument '$outarg' ignored"), next if $outargs{$outarg} ++ ; @@ -277,15 +482,59 @@ sub OUTPUT_handler { unless defined($args_match{$outarg}); blurt("Error: No input definition for OUTPUT argument '$outarg' - ignored"), next unless defined $var_types{$outarg} ; + $var_num = $args_match{$outarg}; if ($outcode) { print "\t$outcode\n"; + print "\tSvSETMAGIC(ST(" , $var_num-1 , "));\n" if $DoSetMagic; } else { - $var_num = $args_match{$outarg}; - &generate_output($var_types{$outarg}, $var_num, $outarg); + &generate_output($var_types{$outarg}, $var_num, $outarg, $DoSetMagic); } + delete $in_out{$outarg} # No need to auto-OUTPUT + if exists $in_out{$outarg} and $in_out{$outarg} =~ /OUT$/; + } +} + +sub C_ARGS_handler() { + my $in = merge_section(); + + TrimWhitespace($in); + $func_args = $in; +} + +sub INTERFACE_MACRO_handler() { + my $in = merge_section(); + + TrimWhitespace($in); + if ($in =~ /\s/) { # two + ($interface_macro, $interface_macro_set) = split ' ', $in; + } else { + $interface_macro = $in; + $interface_macro_set = 'UNKNOWN_CVT'; # catch later + } + $interface = 1; # local + $Interfaces = 1; # global +} + +sub INTERFACE_handler() { + my $in = merge_section(); + + TrimWhitespace($in); + + foreach (split /[\s,]+/, $in) { + $Interfaces{$_} = $_; } + print Q<<"EOF"; +# XSFUNCTION = $interface_macro($ret_type,cv,XSANY.any_dptr); +EOF + $interface = 1; # local + $Interfaces = 1; # global } +sub CLEANUP_handler() { print_section() } +sub PREINIT_handler() { print_section() } +sub POSTCALL_handler() { print_section() } +sub INIT_handler() { print_section() } + sub GetAliases { my ($line) = @_ ; @@ -307,19 +556,29 @@ sub GetAliases # check for duplicate alias name & duplicate value Warn("Warning: Ignoring duplicate alias '$orig_alias'") - if defined $XsubAliases{$pname}{$alias} ; + if defined $XsubAliases{$alias} ; - Warn("Warning: Aliases '$orig_alias' and '$XsubAliasValues{$pname}{$value}' have identical values") - if $XsubAliasValues{$pname}{$value} ; + Warn("Warning: Aliases '$orig_alias' and '$XsubAliasValues{$value}' have identical values") + if $XsubAliasValues{$value} ; - $XsubAliases{$pname}{$alias} = $value ; - $XsubAliasValues{$pname}{$value} = $orig_alias ; + $XsubAliases = 1; + $XsubAliases{$alias} = $value ; + $XsubAliasValues{$value} = $orig_alias ; } blurt("Error: Cannot parse ALIAS definitions from '$orig'") if $line ; } +sub ATTRS_handler () +{ + for (; !/^$BLOCK_re/o; $_ = shift(@line)) { + next unless /\S/; + TrimWhitespace($_) ; + push @Attributes, $_; + } +} + sub ALIAS_handler () { for (; !/^$BLOCK_re/o; $_ = shift(@line)) { @@ -347,10 +606,32 @@ sub REQUIRE_handler () unless $XSUBPP_version >= $Ver ; } +sub VERSIONCHECK_handler () +{ + # the rest of the current line should contain either ENABLE or + # DISABLE + + TrimWhitespace($_) ; + + # check for ENABLE/DISABLE + death ("Error: VERSIONCHECK: ENABLE/DISABLE") + unless /^(ENABLE|DISABLE)/i ; + + $WantVersionChk = 1 if $1 eq 'ENABLE' ; + $WantVersionChk = 0 if $1 eq 'DISABLE' ; + +} + sub PROTOTYPE_handler () { + my $specified ; + + death("Error: Only 1 PROTOTYPE definition allowed per xsub") + if $proto_in_this_xsub ++ ; + for (; !/^$BLOCK_re/o; $_ = shift(@line)) { next unless /\S/; + $specified = 1 ; TrimWhitespace($_) ; if ($_ eq 'DISABLE') { $ProtoThisXSUB = 0 @@ -366,6 +647,30 @@ sub PROTOTYPE_handler () $ProtoThisXSUB = C_string($_) ; } } + + # If no prototype specified, then assume empty prototype "" + $ProtoThisXSUB = 2 unless $specified ; + + $ProtoUsed = 1 ; + +} + +sub SCOPE_handler () +{ + death("Error: Only 1 SCOPE declaration allowed per xsub") + if $scope_in_this_xsub ++ ; + + for (; !/^$BLOCK_re/o; $_ = shift(@line)) { + next unless /\S/; + TrimWhitespace($_) ; + if ($_ =~ /^DISABLE/i) { + $ScopeThisXSUB = 0 + } + elsif ($_ =~ /^ENABLE/i) { + $ScopeThisXSUB = 1 + } + } + } sub PROTOTYPES_handler () @@ -381,7 +686,98 @@ sub PROTOTYPES_handler () $WantPrototypes = 1 if $1 eq 'ENABLE' ; $WantPrototypes = 0 if $1 eq 'DISABLE' ; + $ProtoUsed = 1 ; + +} + +sub INCLUDE_handler () +{ + # the rest of the current line should contain a valid filename + + TrimWhitespace($_) ; + + death("INCLUDE: filename missing") + unless $_ ; + + death("INCLUDE: output pipe is illegal") + if /^\s*\|/ ; + + # simple minded recursion detector + death("INCLUDE loop detected") + if $IncludedFiles{$_} ; + + ++ $IncludedFiles{$_} unless /\|\s*$/ ; + + # Save the current file context. + push(@XSStack, { + type => 'file', + LastLine => $lastline, + LastLineNo => $lastline_no, + Line => \@line, + LineNo => \@line_no, + Filename => $filename, + Handle => $FH, + }) ; + + ++ $FH ; + + # open the new file + open ($FH, "$_") or death("Cannot open '$_': $!") ; + + print Q<<"EOF" ; +# +#/* INCLUDE: Including '$_' from '$filename' */ +# +EOF + + $filename = $_ ; + + # Prime the pump by reading the first + # non-blank line + + # skip leading blank lines + while (<$FH>) { + last unless /^\s*$/ ; + } + + $lastline = $_ ; + $lastline_no = $. ; + +} + +sub PopFile() +{ + return 0 unless $XSStack[-1]{type} eq 'file' ; + my $data = pop @XSStack ; + my $ThisFile = $filename ; + my $isPipe = ($filename =~ /\|\s*$/) ; + + -- $IncludedFiles{$filename} + unless $isPipe ; + + close $FH ; + + $FH = $data->{Handle} ; + $filename = $data->{Filename} ; + $lastline = $data->{LastLine} ; + $lastline_no = $data->{LastLineNo} ; + @line = @{ $data->{Line} } ; + @line_no = @{ $data->{LineNo} } ; + + if ($isPipe and $? ) { + -- $lastline_no ; + print STDERR "Error reading from pipe '$ThisFile': $! in $filename, line $lastline_no\n" ; + exit 1 ; + } + + print Q<<"EOF" ; +# +#/* INCLUDE: Returning to '$filename' from '$ThisFile' */ +# +EOF + + return 1 ; } sub ValidProtoString ($) @@ -407,7 +803,7 @@ sub ProtoString ($) { my ($type) = @_ ; - $proto_letter{$type} or '$' ; + $proto_letter{$type} or "\$" ; } sub check_cpp { @@ -419,6 +815,8 @@ sub check_cpp { $cpplevel++; } elsif (!$cpplevel) { Warn("Warning: #else/elif/endif without #if in this function"); + print STDERR " (precede it with a blank line if the matching #if is outside the function)\n" + if $XSStack[-1]{type} eq 'if'; return; } elsif ($cpp =~ /^\#\s*endif/) { $cpplevel--; @@ -437,13 +835,13 @@ sub Q { $text; } -open(F, $filename) or die "cannot open $filename: $!\n"; +open($FH, $filename) or die "cannot open $filename: $!\n"; # Identify the version of xsubpp used print <) { +print("#line 1 \"$filename\"\n") + if $WantLineNumbers; + +firstmodule: +while (<$FH>) { + if (/^=/) { + my $podstartline = $.; + do { + if (/^=cut\s*$/) { + print("/* Skipped embedded POD. */\n"); + printf("#line %d \"$filename\"\n", $. + 1) + if $WantLineNumbers; + next firstmodule + } + + } while (<$FH>); + # At this point $. is at end of file so die won't state the start + # of the problem, and as we haven't yet read any lines &death won't + # show the correct line in the message either. + die ("Error: Unterminated pod in $filename, line $podstartline\n") + unless $lastline; + } last if ($Module, $Package, $Prefix) = /^MODULE\s*=\s*([\w:]+)(?:\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*([\w:]+))?(?:\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\S+))?\s*$/; + print $_; } &Exit unless defined $_; -my $lastline = $_; -my $lastline_no = $.; +print "$xsubpp::counter::SECTION_END_MARKER\n" if $WantLineNumbers; +$lastline = $_; +$lastline_no = $.; -# Read next xsub into @line from ($lastline, ). +# Read next xsub into @line from ($lastline, <$FH>). sub fetch_para { # parse paragraph + death ("Error: Unterminated `#if/#ifdef/#ifndef'") + if !defined $lastline && $XSStack[-1]{type} eq 'if'; @line = (); @line_no = () ; - return 0 unless defined $lastline; + return PopFile() if !defined $lastline; if ($lastline =~ /^MODULE\s*=\s*([\w:]+)(?:\s+PACKAGE\s*=\s*([\w:]+))?(?:\s+PREFIX\s*=\s*(\S+))?\s*$/) { $Module = $1; $Package = defined($2) ? $2 : ''; # keep -w happy $Prefix = defined($3) ? $3 : ''; # keep -w happy + $Prefix = quotemeta $Prefix ; ($Module_cname = $Module) =~ s/\W/_/g; ($Packid = $Package) =~ tr/:/_/; $Packprefix = $Package; @@ -483,20 +907,36 @@ sub fetch_para { } for(;;) { + # Skip embedded PODs + while ($lastline =~ /^=/) { + while ($lastline = <$FH>) { + last if ($lastline =~ /^=cut\s*$/); + } + death ("Error: Unterminated pod") unless $lastline; + $lastline = <$FH>; + chomp $lastline; + $lastline =~ s/^\s+$//; + } if ($lastline !~ /^\s*#/ || - $lastline =~ /^#[ \t]*(?:(?:if|ifn?def|else|elif|endif|define|undef|pragma)\b|include\s*["<].*[>"])/) { + # CPP directives: + # ANSI: if ifdef ifndef elif else endif define undef + # line error pragma + # gcc: warning include_next + # obj-c: import + # others: ident (gcc notes that some cpps have this one) + $lastline =~ /^#[ \t]*(?:(?:if|ifn?def|elif|else|endif|define|undef|pragma|error|warning|line\s+\d+|ident)\b|(?:include(?:_next)?|import)\s*["<].*[>"])/) { last if $lastline =~ /^\S/ && @line && $line[-1] eq ""; push(@line, $lastline); push(@line_no, $lastline_no) ; } # Read next line and continuation lines - last unless defined($lastline = ); + last unless defined($lastline = <$FH>); $lastline_no = $.; my $tmp_line; $lastline .= $tmp_line - while ($lastline =~ /\\$/ && defined($tmp_line = )); - + while ($lastline =~ /\\$/ && defined($tmp_line = <$FH>)); + chomp $lastline; $lastline =~ s/^\s+$//; } @@ -507,46 +947,103 @@ sub fetch_para { PARAGRAPH: while (fetch_para()) { # Print initial preprocessor statements and blank lines - print shift(@line), "\n" - while @line && $line[0] !~ /^[^\#]/; + while (@line && $line[0] !~ /^[^\#]/) { + my $line = shift(@line); + print $line, "\n"; + next unless $line =~ /^\#\s*((if)(?:n?def)?|elsif|else|endif)\b/; + my $statement = $+; + if ($statement eq 'if') { + $XSS_work_idx = @XSStack; + push(@XSStack, {type => 'if'}); + } else { + death ("Error: `$statement' with no matching `if'") + if $XSStack[-1]{type} ne 'if'; + if ($XSStack[-1]{varname}) { + push(@InitFileCode, "#endif\n"); + push(@BootCode, "#endif"); + } + + my(@fns) = keys %{$XSStack[-1]{functions}}; + if ($statement ne 'endif') { + # Hide the functions defined in other #if branches, and reset. + @{$XSStack[-1]{other_functions}}{@fns} = (1) x @fns; + @{$XSStack[-1]}{qw(varname functions)} = ('', {}); + } else { + my($tmp) = pop(@XSStack); + 0 while (--$XSS_work_idx + && $XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{type} ne 'if'); + # Keep all new defined functions + push(@fns, keys %{$tmp->{other_functions}}); + @{$XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{functions}}{@fns} = (1) x @fns; + } + } + } next PARAGRAPH unless @line; - death ("Code is not inside a function") + if ($XSS_work_idx && !$XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{varname}) { + # We are inside an #if, but have not yet #defined its xsubpp variable. + print "#define $cpp_next_tmp 1\n\n"; + push(@InitFileCode, "#if $cpp_next_tmp\n"); + push(@BootCode, "#if $cpp_next_tmp"); + $XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{varname} = $cpp_next_tmp++; + } + + death ("Code is not inside a function" + ." (maybe last function was ended by a blank line " + ." followed by a statement on column one?)") if $line[0] =~ /^\s/; # initialize info arrays undef(%args_match); undef(%var_types); - undef(%var_addr); undef(%defaults); undef($class); undef($static); undef($elipsis); undef($wantRETVAL) ; + undef($RETVAL_no_return) ; undef(%arg_list) ; undef(@proto_arg) ; + undef(@arg_with_types) ; + undef($processing_arg_with_types) ; + undef(%arg_types) ; + undef(@outlist) ; + undef(%in_out) ; + undef($proto_in_this_xsub) ; + undef($scope_in_this_xsub) ; + undef($interface); + undef($prepush_done); + $interface_macro = 'XSINTERFACE_FUNC' ; + $interface_macro_set = 'XSINTERFACE_FUNC_SET' ; $ProtoThisXSUB = $WantPrototypes ; + $ScopeThisXSUB = 0; + $xsreturn = 0; $_ = shift(@line); - while ($kwd = check_keyword("REQUIRE|PROTOTYPES")) { - if ($kwd eq 'REQUIRE') - { REQUIRE_handler() } - else - { PROTOTYPES_handler() } + while ($kwd = check_keyword("REQUIRE|PROTOTYPES|VERSIONCHECK|INCLUDE")) { + &{"${kwd}_handler"}() ; next PARAGRAPH unless @line ; $_ = shift(@line); } if (check_keyword("BOOT")) { &check_cpp; - push (@BootCode, $_, @line, "") ; + push (@BootCode, "#line $line_no[@line_no - @line] \"$filename\"") + if $WantLineNumbers && $line[0] !~ /^\s*#\s*line\b/; + push (@BootCode, @line, "") ; next PARAGRAPH ; } # extract return type, function name and arguments - my($ret_type) = TidyType($_); + ($ret_type) = TidyType($_); + $RETVAL_no_return = 1 if $ret_type =~ s/^NO_OUTPUT\s+//; + + # Allow one-line ANSI-like declaration + unshift @line, $2 + if $process_argtypes + and $ret_type =~ s/^(.*?\w.*?)\s*\b(\w+\s*\(.*)/$1/s; # a function definition needs at least 2 lines blurt ("Error: Function definition too short '$ret_type'"), next PARAGRAPH @@ -556,65 +1053,142 @@ while (fetch_para()) { $func_header = shift(@line); blurt ("Error: Cannot parse function definition from '$func_header'"), next PARAGRAPH - unless $func_header =~ /^(?:([\w:]*)::)?(\w+)\s*\(\s*(.*?)\s*\)\s*$/s; + unless $func_header =~ /^(?:([\w:]*)::)?(\w+)\s*\(\s*(.*?)\s*\)\s*(const)?\s*(;\s*)?$/s; ($class, $func_name, $orig_args) = ($1, $2, $3) ; + $class = "$4 $class" if $4; ($pname = $func_name) =~ s/^($Prefix)?/$Packprefix/; + ($clean_func_name = $func_name) =~ s/^$Prefix//; + $Full_func_name = "${Packid}_$clean_func_name"; + if ($Is_VMS) { $Full_func_name = $SymSet->addsym($Full_func_name); } # Check for duplicate function definition - if (defined $Func_name{"${Packid}_$func_name"} ) { - Warn("Warning: duplicate function definition '$func_name' detected") + for $tmp (@XSStack) { + next unless defined $tmp->{functions}{$Full_func_name}; + Warn("Warning: duplicate function definition '$clean_func_name' detected"); + last; } - else { - push(@Func_name, "${Packid}_$func_name"); - push(@Func_pname, $pname); + $XSStack[$XSS_work_idx]{functions}{$Full_func_name} ++ ; + %XsubAliases = %XsubAliasValues = %Interfaces = @Attributes = (); + $DoSetMagic = 1; + + $orig_args =~ s/\\\s*/ /g; # process line continuations + + my %only_outlist; + if ($process_argtypes and $orig_args =~ /\S/) { + my $args = "$orig_args ,"; + if ($args =~ /^( (??{ $C_arg }) , )* $ /x) { + @args = ($args =~ /\G ( (??{ $C_arg }) ) , /xg); + for ( @args ) { + s/^\s+//; + s/\s+$//; + my $arg = $_; + my $default; + ($arg, $default) = / ( [^=]* ) ( (?: = .* )? ) /x; + my ($pre, $name) = ($arg =~ /(.*?) \s* \b(\w+) \s* $ /x); + next unless length $pre; + my $out_type; + my $inout_var; + if ($process_inout and s/^(IN|IN_OUTLIST|OUTLIST|OUT|IN_OUT)\s+//) { + my $type = $1; + $out_type = $type if $type ne 'IN'; + $arg =~ s/^(IN|IN_OUTLIST|OUTLIST|OUT|IN_OUT)\s+//; + } + if (/\W/) { # Has a type + push @arg_with_types, $arg; + # warn "pushing '$arg'\n"; + $arg_types{$name} = $arg; + $_ = "$name$default"; + } + $only_outlist{$_} = 1 if $out_type eq "OUTLIST"; + push @outlist, $name if $out_type =~ /OUTLIST$/; + $in_out{$name} = $out_type if $out_type; + } + } else { + @args = split(/\s*,\s*/, $orig_args); + Warn("Warning: cannot parse argument list '$orig_args', fallback to split"); + } + } else { + @args = split(/\s*,\s*/, $orig_args); + for (@args) { + if ($process_inout and s/^(IN|IN_OUTLIST|OUTLIST|IN_OUT|OUT)\s+//) { + my $out_type = $1; + next if $out_type eq 'IN'; + $only_outlist{$_} = 1 if $out_type eq "OUTLIST"; + push @outlist, $name if $out_type =~ /OUTLIST$/; + $in_out{$_} = $out_type; + } + } } - $Func_name{"${Packid}_$func_name"} ++ ; - - @args = split(/\s*,\s*/, $orig_args); if (defined($class)) { - my $arg0 = (defined($static) ? "CLASS" : "THIS"); + my $arg0 = ((defined($static) or $func_name eq 'new') + ? "CLASS" : "THIS"); unshift(@args, $arg0); - ($orig_args = "$arg0, $orig_args") =~ s/^$arg0, $/$arg0/; + ($report_args = "$arg0, $report_args") =~ s/^\w+, $/$arg0/; } - $orig_args =~ s/"/\\"/g; - $min_args = $num_args = @args; - foreach $i (0..$num_args-1) { + my $extra_args = 0; + @args_num = (); + $num_args = 0; + my $report_args = ''; + foreach $i (0 .. $#args) { if ($args[$i] =~ s/\.\.\.//) { $elipsis = 1; - $min_args--; - if ($args[$i] eq '' && $i == $num_args - 1) { + if ($args[$i] eq '' && $i == $#args) { + $report_args .= ", ..."; pop(@args); last; } } + if ($only_outlist{$args[$i]}) { + push @args_num, undef; + } else { + push @args_num, ++$num_args; + $report_args .= ", $args[$i]"; + } if ($args[$i] =~ /^([^=]*[^\s=])\s*=\s*(.*)/s) { - $min_args--; + $extra_args++; $args[$i] = $1; $defaults{$args[$i]} = $2; $defaults{$args[$i]} =~ s/"/\\"/g; } - $proto_arg[$i+1] = '$' ; + $proto_arg[$i+1] = "\$" ; } - if (defined($class)) { - $func_args = join(", ", @args[1..$#args]); - } else { - $func_args = join(", ", @args); + $min_args = $num_args - $extra_args; + $report_args =~ s/"/\\"/g; + $report_args =~ s/^,\s+//; + my @func_args = @args; + shift @func_args if defined($class); + + for (@func_args) { + s/^/&/ if $in_out{$_}; } - @args_match{@args} = 1..@args; + $func_args = join(", ", @func_args); + @args_match{@args} = @args_num; $PPCODE = grep(/^\s*PPCODE\s*:/, @line); + $CODE = grep(/^\s*CODE\s*:/, @line); + # Detect CODE: blocks which use ST(n)= or XST_m*(n,v) + # to set explicit return values. + $EXPLICIT_RETURN = ($CODE && + ("@line" =~ /(\bST\s*\([^;]*=) | (\bXST_m\w+\s*\()/x )); $ALIAS = grep(/^\s*ALIAS\s*:/, @line); + $INTERFACE = grep(/^\s*INTERFACE\s*:/, @line); + + $xsreturn = 1 if $EXPLICIT_RETURN; # print function header print Q<<"EOF"; -#XS(XS_${Packid}_$func_name) +#XS(XS_${Full_func_name}); /* prototype to pass -Wmissing-prototypes */ +#XS(XS_${Full_func_name}) #[[ # dXSARGS; EOF print Q<<"EOF" if $ALIAS ; # dXSI32; EOF + print Q<<"EOF" if $INTERFACE ; +# dXSFUNCTION($ret_type); +EOF if ($elipsis) { $cond = ($min_args ? qq(items < $min_args) : 0); } @@ -633,12 +1207,21 @@ EOF if ($ALIAS) { print Q<<"EOF" if $cond } # if ($cond) -# croak("Usage: %s($orig_args)", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))); +# Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Usage: %s($report_args)", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))); EOF else { print Q<<"EOF" if $cond } # if ($cond) -# croak("Usage: $pname($orig_args)"); +# Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Usage: $pname($report_args)"); +EOF + + #gcc -Wall: if an xsub has no arguments and PPCODE is used + #it is likely none of ST, XSRETURN or XSprePUSH macros are used + #hence `ax' (setup by dXSARGS) is unused + #XXX: could breakup the dXSARGS; into dSP;dMARK;dITEMS + #but such a move could break third-party extensions + print Q<<"EOF" if $PPCODE and $num_args == 0; +# PERL_UNUSED_VAR(ax); /* -Wall */ EOF print Q<<"EOF" if $PPCODE; @@ -666,13 +1249,16 @@ EOF %arg_list = () ; $gotRETVAL = 0; - &INPUT_handler; - my $kwd; - while ($kwd = check_keyword("INPUT|PREINIT")) { - if ($kwd eq 'PREINIT') { &print_section; } else { &INPUT_handler; } - } + INPUT_handler() ; + process_keyword("INPUT|PREINIT|INTERFACE_MACRO|C_ARGS|ALIAS|ATTRS|PROTOTYPE|SCOPE") ; + + print Q<<"EOF" if $ScopeThisXSUB; +# ENTER; +# [[ +EOF + if (!$thisdone && defined($class)) { - if (defined($static)) { + if (defined($static) or $func_name eq 'new') { print "\tchar *"; $var_types{"CLASS"} = "char *"; &generate_init("char *", 1, "CLASS"); @@ -686,33 +1272,36 @@ EOF # do code if (/^\s*NOT_IMPLEMENTED_YET/) { - print "\n\tcroak(\"$pname: not implemented yet\");\n"; + print "\n\tPerl_croak(aTHX_ \"$pname: not implemented yet\");\n"; $_ = '' ; } else { if ($ret_type ne "void") { - print "\t" . &map_type($ret_type) . "\tRETVAL;\n" + print "\t" . &map_type($ret_type, 'RETVAL') . ";\n" if !$retvaldone; $args_match{"RETVAL"} = 0; $var_types{"RETVAL"} = $ret_type; + print "\tdXSTARG;\n" + if $WantOptimize and $targetable{$type_kind{$ret_type}}; + } + + if (@arg_with_types) { + unshift @line, @arg_with_types, $_; + $_ = ""; + $processing_arg_with_types = 1; + INPUT_handler() ; } print $deferred; - while ($kwd = check_keyword("INIT|ALIAS|PROTOTYPE")) { - if ($kwd eq 'INIT') { - &print_section - } - elsif ($kwd eq 'PROTOTYPE') - { PROTOTYPE_handler() } - else - { ALIAS_handler() } - } + + process_keyword("INIT|ALIAS|ATTRS|PROTOTYPE|INTERFACE_MACRO|INTERFACE|C_ARGS") ; if (check_keyword("PPCODE")) { - &print_section; + print_section(); death ("PPCODE must be last thing") if @line; + print "\tLEAVE;\n" if $ScopeThisXSUB; print "\tPUTBACK;\n\treturn;\n"; } elsif (check_keyword("CODE")) { - &print_section; - } elsif ($func_name eq "DESTROY") { + print_section() ; + } elsif (defined($class) and $func_name eq "DESTROY") { print "\n\t"; print "delete THIS;\n"; } else { @@ -722,35 +1311,87 @@ EOF $wantRETVAL = 1; } if (defined($static)) { - if ($func_name =~ /^new/) { - $func_name .= " $class"; + if ($func_name eq 'new') { + $func_name = "$class"; } else { print "${class}::"; } } elsif (defined($class)) { + if ($func_name eq 'new') { + $func_name .= " $class"; + } else { print "THIS->"; + } } $func_name =~ s/^($spat)// if defined($spat); + $func_name = 'XSFUNCTION' if $interface; print "$func_name($func_args);\n"; } } # do output variables - $gotRETVAL = 0; - undef $RETVAL_code ; + $gotRETVAL = 0; # 1 if RETVAL seen in OUTPUT section; + undef $RETVAL_code ; # code to set RETVAL (from OUTPUT section); + # $wantRETVAL set if 'RETVAL =' autogenerated + ($wantRETVAL, $ret_type) = (0, 'void') if $RETVAL_no_return; undef %outargs ; - &OUTPUT_handler while check_keyword("OUTPUT"); + process_keyword("POSTCALL|OUTPUT|ALIAS|ATTRS|PROTOTYPE"); + + &generate_output($var_types{$_}, $args_match{$_}, $_, $DoSetMagic) + for grep $in_out{$_} =~ /OUT$/, keys %in_out; # all OUTPUT done, so now push the return value on the stack if ($gotRETVAL && $RETVAL_code) { print "\t$RETVAL_code\n"; } elsif ($gotRETVAL || $wantRETVAL) { - &generate_output($ret_type, 0, 'RETVAL'); + my $t = $WantOptimize && $targetable{$type_kind{$ret_type}}; + my $var = 'RETVAL'; + my $type = $ret_type; + + # 0: type, 1: with_size, 2: how, 3: how_size + if ($t and not $t->[1] and $t->[0] eq 'p') { + # PUSHp corresponds to setpvn. Treate setpv directly + my $what = eval qq("$t->[2]"); + warn $@ if $@; + + print "\tsv_setpv(TARG, $what); XSprePUSH; PUSHTARG;\n"; + $prepush_done = 1; + } + elsif ($t) { + my $what = eval qq("$t->[2]"); + warn $@ if $@; + + my $size = $t->[3]; + $size = '' unless defined $size; + $size = eval qq("$size"); + warn $@ if $@; + print "\tXSprePUSH; PUSH$t->[0]($what$size);\n"; + $prepush_done = 1; + } + else { + # RETVAL almost never needs SvSETMAGIC() + &generate_output($ret_type, 0, 'RETVAL', 0); + } } + $xsreturn = 1 if $ret_type ne "void"; + my $num = $xsreturn; + my $c = @outlist; + print "\tXSprePUSH;" if $c and not $prepush_done; + print "\tEXTEND(SP,$c);\n" if $c; + $xsreturn += $c; + generate_output($var_types{$_}, $num++, $_, 0, 1) for @outlist; + # do cleanup - &print_section while check_keyword("CLEANUP"); + process_keyword("CLEANUP|ALIAS|ATTRS|PROTOTYPE") ; + + print Q<<"EOF" if $ScopeThisXSUB; +# ]] +EOF + print Q<<"EOF" if $ScopeThisXSUB and not $PPCODE; +# LEAVE; +EOF # print function trailer print Q<= $num) {\\n$expr;\\n\\t}\\n"/; + } else { + $deferred .= eval qq/"\\n\\tif (items < $num)\\n\\t $var = $defaults{$var};\\n\\telse {\\n$expr;\\n\\t}\\n"/; + } + warn $@ if $@; + } elsif ($ScopeThisXSUB or $expr !~ /^\t\$var =/) { + if ($name_printed) { + print ";\n"; + } else { + eval qq/print "\\t$var;\\n"/; + warn $@ if $@; + } $deferred .= eval qq/"\\n$expr;\\n"/; + warn $@ if $@; } else { + die "panic: do not know how to handle this branch for function pointers" + if $name_printed; eval qq/print "$expr;\\n"/; + warn $@ if $@; } } sub generate_output { - local($type, $num, $var) = @_; + local($type, $num, $var, $do_setmagic, $do_push) = @_; local($arg) = "ST(" . ($num - ($num != 0)) . ")"; local($argoff) = $num - 1; local($ntype); $type = TidyType($type) ; if ($type =~ /^array\(([^,]*),(.*)\)/) { - print "\tsv_setpvn($arg, (char *)$var, $2 * sizeof($1)), XFree((char *)$var);\n"; + print "\t$arg = sv_newmortal();\n"; + print "\tsv_setpvn($arg, (char *)$var, $2 * sizeof($1));\n"; + print "\tSvSETMAGIC($arg);\n" if $do_setmagic; } else { blurt("Error: '$type' not in typemap"), return unless defined($type_kind{$type}); - blurt("Error: No OUTPUT definition for type '$type' found"), return + blurt("Error: No OUTPUT definition for type '$type', typekind '$type_kind{$type}' found"), return unless defined $output_expr{$type_kind{$type}} ; ($ntype = $type) =~ s/\s*\*/Ptr/g; $ntype =~ s/\(\)//g; @@ -965,7 +1697,7 @@ sub generate_output { if ($expr =~ /DO_ARRAY_ELEM/) { blurt("Error: '$subtype' not in typemap"), return unless defined($type_kind{$subtype}); - blurt("Error: No OUTPUT definition for type '$subtype' found"), return + blurt("Error: No OUTPUT definition for type '$subtype', typekind '$type_kind{$subtype}' found"), return unless defined $output_expr{$type_kind{$subtype}} ; $subexpr = $output_expr{$type_kind{$subtype}}; $subexpr =~ s/ntype/subtype/g; @@ -974,35 +1706,72 @@ sub generate_output { $subexpr =~ s/\n\t/\n\t\t/g; $expr =~ s/DO_ARRAY_ELEM\n/$subexpr/; eval "print qq\a$expr\a"; + warn $@ if $@; + print "\t\tSvSETMAGIC(ST(ix_$var));\n" if $do_setmagic; } elsif ($var eq 'RETVAL') { - if ($expr =~ /^\t\$arg = /) { + if ($expr =~ /^\t\$arg = new/) { + # We expect that $arg has refcnt 1, so we need to + # mortalize it. + eval "print qq\a$expr\a"; + warn $@ if $@; + print "\tsv_2mortal(ST($num));\n"; + print "\tSvSETMAGIC(ST($num));\n" if $do_setmagic; + } + elsif ($expr =~ /^\s*\$arg\s*=/) { + # We expect that $arg has refcnt >=1, so we need + # to mortalize it! eval "print qq\a$expr\a"; + warn $@ if $@; print "\tsv_2mortal(ST(0));\n"; + print "\tSvSETMAGIC(ST(0));\n" if $do_setmagic; } else { + # Just hope that the entry would safely write it + # over an already mortalized value. By + # coincidence, something like $arg = &sv_undef + # works too. print "\tST(0) = sv_newmortal();\n"; eval "print qq\a$expr\a"; + warn $@ if $@; + # new mortals don't have set magic } } + elsif ($do_push) { + print "\tPUSHs(sv_newmortal());\n"; + $arg = "ST($num)"; + eval "print qq\a$expr\a"; + warn $@ if $@; + print "\tSvSETMAGIC($arg);\n" if $do_setmagic; + } elsif ($arg =~ /^ST\(\d+\)$/) { eval "print qq\a$expr\a"; + warn $@ if $@; + print "\tSvSETMAGIC($arg);\n" if $do_setmagic; } } } sub map_type { - my($type) = @_; + my($type, $varname) = @_; $type =~ tr/:/_/; $type =~ s/^array\(([^,]*),(.*)\).*/$1 */s; + if ($varname) { + if ($varname && $type =~ / \( \s* \* (?= \s* \) ) /xg) { + (substr $type, pos $type, 0) = " $varname "; + } else { + $type .= "\t$varname"; + } + } $type; } sub Exit { # If this is VMS, the exit status has meaning to the shell, so we -# use a predictable value (SS$_Abort) rather than an arbitrary -# number. - exit ($Is_VMS ? 44 : $errors) ; +# use a predictable value (SS$_Normal or SS$_Abort) rather than an +# arbitrary number. +# exit ($Is_VMS ? ($errors ? 44 : 1) : $errors) ; + exit ($errors ? 1 : 0); }