X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=lib%2FDBIx%2FClass%2FManual%2FCookbook.pod;h=3e5aa7b61870a9e8f4784c6e6399ad76ffd96c1a;hb=541df64afe67cde2a5cd2c48c1cb419298452a1f;hp=a9b9aaa70d98be847f80020bbba035bf7ea24e16;hpb=709353afc62951025fc2d497eb0f33bd6052a98a;p=dbsrgits%2FDBIx-Class.git

diff --git a/lib/DBIx/Class/Manual/Cookbook.pod b/lib/DBIx/Class/Manual/Cookbook.pod
index a9b9aaa..3e5aa7b 100644
--- a/lib/DBIx/Class/Manual/Cookbook.pod
+++ b/lib/DBIx/Class/Manual/Cookbook.pod
@@ -70,6 +70,56 @@ This results in the following C<WHERE> clause:
 For more information on generating complex queries, see
 L<SQL::Abstract/WHERE CLAUSES>.
 
+=head3 Arbitrary SQL through a custom ResultSource
+
+Sometimes you have to run arbitrary SQL because your query is too complex
+(e.g. it contains Unions, Sub-Selects, Stored Procedures, etc.) or has to
+be optimized for your database in a special way, but you still want to 
+get the results as a L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet>. 
+The recommended way to accomplish this is by defining a separate ResultSource 
+for your query. You can then inject complete SQL statements using a scalar 
+reference (this is a feature of L<SQL::Abstract>).
+
+Say you want to run a complex custom query on your user data, here's what
+you have to add to your User class:
+
+  package My::Schema::User;
+  
+  use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
+  
+  # ->load_components, ->table, ->add_columns, etc.
+
+  # Make a new ResultSource based on the User class
+  my $source = __PACKAGE__->result_source_instance();
+  my $new_source = $source->new( $source );
+  $new_source->source_name( 'UserFriendsComplex' );
+  
+  # Hand in your query as a scalar reference
+  # It will be added as a sub-select after FROM,
+  # so pay attention to the surrounding brackets!
+  $new_source->name( \<<SQL );
+  ( SELECT u.* FROM user u 
+  INNER JOIN user_friends f ON u.id = f.user_id 
+  WHERE f.friend_user_id = ?
+  UNION 
+  SELECT u.* FROM user u 
+  INNER JOIN user_friends f ON u.id = f.friend_user_id 
+  WHERE f.user_id = ? )
+  SQL 
+
+  # Finally, register your new ResultSource with your Schema
+  My::Schema->register_source( 'UserFriendsComplex' => $new_source );
+
+Next, you can execute your complex query using bind parameters like this:
+
+  my $friends = [ $schema->resultset( 'UserFriendsComplex' )->search( {}, 
+    {
+      bind  => [ 12345, 12345 ]
+    }
+  ) ];
+  
+... and you'll get back a perfect L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet>.
+
 =head3 Using specific columns
 
 When you only want specific columns from a table, you can use
@@ -107,12 +157,15 @@ to access the returned value:
   );
 
   # Equivalent SQL:
-  # SELECT name name, LENGTH( name ) name_length
+  # SELECT name name, LENGTH( name )
   # FROM artist
 
-If your alias exists as a column in your base class (i.e. it was added
-with C<add_columns>), you just access it as normal. Our C<Artist>
-class has a C<name> column, so we just use the C<name> accessor:
+Note that the C< as > attribute has absolutely nothing to with the sql
+syntax C< SELECT foo AS bar > (see the documentation in
+L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/ATTRIBUTES>).  If your alias exists as a
+column in your base class (i.e. it was added with C<add_columns>), you
+just access it as normal. Our C<Artist> class has a C<name> column, so
+we just use the C<name> accessor:
 
   my $artist = $rs->first();
   my $name = $artist->name();
@@ -139,7 +192,7 @@ any of your aliases using either of these:
       select => [
         { distinct => [ $source->columns ] }
       ],
-      as => [ $source->columns ]
+      as => [ $source->columns ] # remember 'as' is not the same as SQL AS :-)
     }
   );
 
@@ -176,6 +229,10 @@ L<DBIx::Class> supports C<GROUP BY> as follows:
   # LEFT JOIN cd cds ON ( cds.artist = me.artistid )
   # GROUP BY name
 
+Please see L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/ATTRIBUTES> documentation if you
+are in any way unsure about the use of the attributes above (C< join
+>, C< select >, C< as > and C< group_by >).
+
 =head3 Predefined searches
 
 You can write your own L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> class by inheriting from it
@@ -415,7 +472,7 @@ ways, the obvious one is to use search:
     {},
     { 
        select => [ { sum => 'Cost' } ],
-       as     => [ 'total_cost' ],
+       as     => [ 'total_cost' ], # remember this 'as' is for DBIx::Class::ResultSet not SQL
     }
   );
   my $tc = $rs->first->get_column('total_cost');
@@ -487,7 +544,7 @@ To order C<< $book->pages >> by descending page_number.
 =head2 Transactions
 
 As of version 0.04001, there is improved transaction support in
-L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI> and L<DBIx::Class::Schema>.  Here is an
+L<DBIx::Class::Storage> and L<DBIx::Class::Schema>.  Here is an
 example of the recommended way to use it:
 
   my $genus = $schema->resultset('Genus')->find(12);
@@ -526,7 +583,7 @@ in the future.
 
 =head2 Many-to-many relationships
 
-This is straightforward using L<DBIx::Class::Relationship::ManyToMany>:
+This is straightforward using L<ManyToMany|DBIx::Class::Relationship/many_to_many>:
 
   package My::DB;
   # ... set up connection ...
@@ -568,7 +625,9 @@ C<next::method>.
 
     $attrs->{foo} = 'bar' unless defined $attrs->{foo};
 
-    $class->next::method($attrs);
+    my $new = $class->next::method($attrs);
+
+    return $new;
   }
 
 For more information about C<next::method>, look in the L<Class::C3> 
@@ -586,7 +645,7 @@ module.
 To make an object stringify itself as a single column, use something
 like this (replace C<foo> with the column/method of your choice):
 
-  use overload '""' => 'foo', fallback => 1;
+  use overload '""' => sub { shift->name}, fallback => 1;
 
 For more complex stringification, you can use an anonymous subroutine:
 
@@ -905,7 +964,7 @@ method.
 
 =head2 Profiling
 
-When you enable L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI>'s debugging it prints the SQL
+When you enable L<DBIx::Class::Storage>'s debugging it prints the SQL
 executed as well as notifications of query completion and transaction
 begin/commit.  If you'd like to profile the SQL you can subclass the
 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::Statistics> class and write your own profiling
@@ -989,7 +1048,7 @@ seperate proxy-class files for this.  We would be copying all the user
 methods into the Admin class.  There is a cleaner way to accomplish
 this.
 
-Overriding the C<inflate_results()> method within the User proxy-class
+Overriding the C<inflate_result> method within the User proxy-class
 gives us the effect we want.  This method is called by
 L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> when inflating a result from storage.  So we
 grab the object being returned, inspect the values we are looking for,
@@ -1096,4 +1155,85 @@ B<Test File> test.pl
     ### The statement below will print 
     print "I can do admin stuff\n" if $admin->can('do_admin_stuff'); 
 
+=head2 Skip object creation for faster results
+
+DBIx::Class is not built for speed, it's built for convenience and
+ease of use, but sometimes you just need to get the data, and skip the
+fancy objects.
+  
+To do this simply use L<DBIx::Class::ResultClass::HashRefInflator>.
+  
+ my $rs = $schema->resultset('CD');
+ 
+ $rs->result_class('DBIx::Class::ResultClass::HashRefInflator');
+ 
+ my $hash_ref = $rs->find(1);
+  
+Wasn't that easy?
+  
+=head2 Get raw data for blindingly fast results
+
+If the C<inflate_result> solution above is not fast enough for you, you
+can use a DBIx::Class to return values exactly as they come out of the
+data base with none of the convenience methods wrapped round them.
+
+This is used like so:-
+
+  my $cursor = $rs->cursor
+  while (my @vals = $cursor->next) {
+      # use $val[0..n] here
+  }
+
+You will need to map the array offsets to particular columns (you can
+use the I<select> attribute of C<search()> to force ordering).
+
+=head2 Want to know if find_or_create found or created a row?
+
+Just use C<find_or_new> instead, then check C<in_storage>:
+
+  my $obj = $rs->find_or_new({ blah => 'blarg' });
+  unless ($obj->in_storage) {
+    $obj->insert;
+    # do whatever else you wanted if it was a new row
+  }
+
+=head3 Wrapping/overloading a column accessor
+
+Problem: Say you have a table "Camera" and want to associate a description
+with each camera. For most cameras, you'll be able to generate the description from
+the other columns. However, in a few special cases you may want to associate a
+custom description with a camera.
+
+Solution:
+
+In your database schema, define a description field in the "Camera" table that
+can contain text and null values.
+
+In DBIC, we'll overload the column accessor to provide a sane default if no
+custom description is defined. The accessor will either return or generate the
+description, depending on whether the field is null or not.
+
+First, in your "Camera" schema class, define the description field as follows:
+
+  __PACKAGE__->add_columns(description => { accessor => '_description' });
+
+Next, we'll define the accessor-wrapper subroutine:
+
+  sub description {
+      my $self = shift;
+
+      # If there is an update to the column, we'll let the original accessor
+      # deal with it.
+      return $self->_description(@_) if @_;
+
+      # Fetch the column value.
+      my $description = $self->_description;
+
+      # If there's something in the description field, then just return that.
+      return $description if defined $description && length $descripton;
+
+      # Otherwise, generate a description.
+      return $self->generate_description;
+  }
+
 =cut