Enable more debugging.
[p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git] / pp.c
diff --git a/pp.c b/pp.c
index a8b3e55..134f243 100644 (file)
--- a/pp.c
+++ b/pp.c
 #define PERL_IN_PP_C
 #include "perl.h"
 
-/*
- * The compiler on Concurrent CX/UX systems has a subtle bug which only
- * seems to show up when compiling pp.c - it generates the wrong double
- * precision constant value for (double)UV_MAX when used inline in the body
- * of the code below, so this makes a static variable up front (which the
- * compiler seems to get correct) and uses it in place of UV_MAX below.
- */
-#ifdef CXUX_BROKEN_CONSTANT_CONVERT
-static double UV_MAX_cxux = ((double)UV_MAX);
-#endif
-
-/*
- * Offset for integer pack/unpack.
- *
- * On architectures where I16 and I32 aren't really 16 and 32 bits,
- * which for now are all Crays, pack and unpack have to play games.
- */
-
-/*
- * These values are required for portability of pack() output.
- * If they're not right on your machine, then pack() and unpack()
- * wouldn't work right anyway; you'll need to apply the Cray hack.
- * (I'd like to check them with #if, but you can't use sizeof() in
- * the preprocessor.)  --???
- */
-/*
-    The appropriate SHORTSIZE, INTSIZE, LONGSIZE, and LONGLONGSIZE
-    defines are now in config.h.  --Andy Dougherty  April 1998
- */
-#define SIZE16 2
-#define SIZE32 4
-
-/* CROSSCOMPILE and MULTIARCH are going to affect pp_pack() and pp_unpack().
-   --jhi Feb 1999 */
-
-#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16 || LONGSIZE != SIZE32
-#   define PERL_NATINT_PACK
-#endif
-
-#if LONGSIZE > 4 && defined(_CRAY)
-#  if BYTEORDER == 0x12345678
-#    define OFF16(p)   (char*)(p)
-#    define OFF32(p)   (char*)(p)
-#  else
-#    if BYTEORDER == 0x87654321
-#      define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U16) - SIZE16))
-#      define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U32) - SIZE32))
-#    else
-       }}}} bad cray byte order
-#    endif
-#  endif
-#  define COPY16(s,p)  (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, OFF16(p), SIZE16, char))
-#  define COPY32(s,p)  (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, OFF32(p), SIZE32, char))
-#  define COPYNN(s,p,n) (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, (char *)(p), n, char))
-#  define CAT16(sv,p)  sv_catpvn(sv, OFF16(p), SIZE16)
-#  define CAT32(sv,p)  sv_catpvn(sv, OFF32(p), SIZE32)
-#else
-#  define COPY16(s,p)  Copy(s, p, SIZE16, char)
-#  define COPY32(s,p)  Copy(s, p, SIZE32, char)
-#  define COPYNN(s,p,n) Copy(s, (char *)(p), n, char)
-#  define CAT16(sv,p)  sv_catpvn(sv, (char*)(p), SIZE16)
-#  define CAT32(sv,p)  sv_catpvn(sv, (char*)(p), SIZE32)
-#endif
-
 /* variations on pp_null */
 
 /* XXX I can't imagine anyone who doesn't have this actually _needs_
@@ -531,8 +467,8 @@ S_refto(pTHX_ SV *sv)
        SvTEMP_off(sv);
        (void)SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
     }
-    else if (SvPADTMP(sv))
-       sv = newSVsv(sv);
+    else if (SvPADTMP(sv) && !IS_PADGV(sv))
+        sv = newSVsv(sv);
     else {
        SvTEMP_off(sv);
        (void)SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
@@ -614,8 +550,11 @@ PP(pp_gelem)
            tmpRef = (SV*)GvCVu(gv);
        break;
     case 'F':
-       if (strEQ(elem, "FILEHANDLE")) /* XXX deprecate in 5.005 */
+       if (strEQ(elem, "FILEHANDLE")) {
+           /* finally deprecated in 5.8.0 */
+           deprecate("*glob{FILEHANDLE}");
            tmpRef = (SV*)GvIOp(gv);
+       }
        else
        if (strEQ(elem, "FORMAT"))
            tmpRef = (SV*)GvFORM(gv);
@@ -1007,7 +946,7 @@ PP(pp_multiply)
                    /* 2s complement assumption that (UV)-IV_MIN is correct.  */
                    /* -ve result, which could overflow an IV  */
                    SP--;
-                   SETi( -product );
+                   SETi( -(IV)product );
                    RETURN;
                } /* else drop to NVs below. */
            } else {
@@ -1044,7 +983,7 @@ PP(pp_multiply)
                            /* 2s complement assumption again  */
                            /* -ve result, which could overflow an IV  */
                            SP--;
-                           SETi( -product_low );
+                           SETi( -(IV)product_low );
                            RETURN;
                        } /* else drop to NVs below. */
                    }
@@ -1063,29 +1002,111 @@ PP(pp_multiply)
 PP(pp_divide)
 {
     dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(div,opASSIGN);
-    {
-      dPOPPOPnnrl;
-      NV value;
-      if (right == 0.0)
-       DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
+    /* Only try to do UV divide first
+       if ((SLOPPYDIVIDE is true) or 
+           (PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV is true and one or both SV is a UV too large
+            to preserve))
+       The assumption is that it is better to use floating point divide
+       whenever possible, only doing integer divide first if we can't be sure.
+       If NV_PRESERVES_UV is true then we know at compile time that no UV
+       can be too large to preserve, so don't need to compile the code to
+       test the size of UVs.  */
+
 #ifdef SLOPPYDIVIDE
-      /* insure that 20./5. == 4. */
-      {
-       IV k;
-       if ((NV)I_V(left)  == left &&
-           (NV)I_V(right) == right &&
-           (k = I_V(left)/I_V(right))*I_V(right) == I_V(left)) {
-           value = k;
-       }
-       else {
-           value = left / right;
-       }
-      }
+#  define PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
+    /* ensure that 20./5. == 4. */
 #else
-      value = left / right;
+#  ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
+#    ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
+#      define PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
+#    endif
+#  endif
 #endif
-      PUSHn( value );
-      RETURN;
+
+#ifdef PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
+    SvIV_please(TOPs);
+    if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
+        SvIV_please(TOPm1s);
+        if (SvIOK(TOPm1s)) {
+            bool left_non_neg = SvUOK(TOPm1s);
+            bool right_non_neg = SvUOK(TOPs);
+            UV left;
+            UV right;
+
+            if (right_non_neg) {
+                right = SvUVX(TOPs);
+            }
+           else {
+                IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
+                if (biv >= 0) {
+                    right = biv;
+                    right_non_neg = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
+                }
+               else {
+                    right = -biv;
+                }
+            }
+            /* historically undef()/0 gives a "Use of uninitialized value"
+               warning before dieing, hence this test goes here.
+               If it were immediately before the second SvIV_please, then
+               DIE() would be invoked before left was even inspected, so
+               no inpsection would give no warning.  */
+            if (right == 0)
+                DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
+
+            if (left_non_neg) {
+                left = SvUVX(TOPm1s);
+            }
+           else {
+                IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
+                if (aiv >= 0) {
+                    left = aiv;
+                    left_non_neg = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
+                }
+               else {
+                    left = -aiv;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (left >= right
+#ifdef SLOPPYDIVIDE
+                /* For sloppy divide we always attempt integer division.  */
+#else
+                /* Otherwise we only attempt it if either or both operands
+                   would not be preserved by an NV.  If both fit in NVs
+                   we fall through to the NV divide code below.  */
+                && ((left > ((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS))
+                    || (right > ((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS)))
+#endif
+                ) {
+                /* Integer division can't overflow, but it can be imprecise.  */
+                UV result = left / right;
+                if (result * right == left) {
+                    SP--; /* result is valid */
+                    if (left_non_neg == right_non_neg) {
+                        /* signs identical, result is positive.  */
+                        SETu( result );
+                        RETURN;
+                    }
+                    /* 2s complement assumption */
+                    if (result <= (UV)IV_MIN)
+                        SETi( -result );
+                    else {
+                        /* It's exact but too negative for IV. */
+                        SETn( -(NV)result );
+                    }
+                    RETURN;
+                } /* tried integer divide but it was not an integer result */
+            } /* else (abs(result) < 1.0) or (both UVs in range for NV) */
+        } /* left wasn't SvIOK */
+    } /* right wasn't SvIOK */
+#endif /* PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE */
+    {
+       dPOPPOPnnrl;
+       if (right == 0.0)
+           DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
+       PUSHn( left / right );
+       RETURN;
     }
 }
 
@@ -1097,62 +1118,91 @@ PP(pp_modulo)
        UV right = 0;
        bool left_neg;
        bool right_neg;
-       bool use_double = 0;
+       bool use_double = FALSE;
+       bool dright_valid = FALSE;
        NV dright = 0.0;
        NV dleft  = 0.0;
 
-       if (SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)) {
-           IV i = SvIVX(POPs);
-           right = (right_neg = (i < 0)) ? -i : i;
-       }
-       else {
+        SvIV_please(TOPs);
+        if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
+            right_neg = !SvUOK(TOPs);
+            if (!right_neg) {
+                right = SvUVX(POPs);
+            } else {
+                IV biv = SvIVX(POPs);
+                if (biv >= 0) {
+                    right = biv;
+                    right_neg = FALSE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
+                } else {
+                    right = -biv;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else {
            dright = POPn;
-           use_double = 1;
            right_neg = dright < 0;
            if (right_neg)
                dright = -dright;
+            if (dright < UV_MAX_P1) {
+                right = U_V(dright);
+                dright_valid = TRUE; /* In case we need to use double below.  */
+            } else {
+                use_double = TRUE;
+            }
        }
 
-       if (!use_double && SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)) {
-           IV i = SvIVX(POPs);
-           left = (left_neg = (i < 0)) ? -i : i;
-       }
+        /* At this point use_double is only true if right is out of range for
+           a UV.  In range NV has been rounded down to nearest UV and
+           use_double false.  */
+        SvIV_please(TOPs);
+       if (!use_double && SvIOK(TOPs)) {
+            if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
+                left_neg = !SvUOK(TOPs);
+                if (!left_neg) {
+                    left = SvUVX(POPs);
+                } else {
+                    IV aiv = SvIVX(POPs);
+                    if (aiv >= 0) {
+                        left = aiv;
+                        left_neg = FALSE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
+                    } else {
+                        left = -aiv;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
        else {
            dleft = POPn;
-           if (!use_double) {
-               use_double = 1;
-               dright = right;
-           }
            left_neg = dleft < 0;
            if (left_neg)
                dleft = -dleft;
-       }
 
+            /* This should be exactly the 5.6 behaviour - if left and right are
+               both in range for UV then use U_V() rather than floor.  */
+           if (!use_double) {
+                if (dleft < UV_MAX_P1) {
+                    /* right was in range, so is dleft, so use UVs not double.
+                     */
+                    left = U_V(dleft);
+                }
+                /* left is out of range for UV, right was in range, so promote
+                   right (back) to double.  */
+                else {
+                    /* The +0.5 is used in 5.6 even though it is not strictly
+                       consistent with the implicit +0 floor in the U_V()
+                       inside the #if 1. */
+                    dleft = Perl_floor(dleft + 0.5);
+                    use_double = TRUE;
+                    if (dright_valid)
+                        dright = Perl_floor(dright + 0.5);
+                    else
+                        dright = right;
+                }
+            }
+        }
        if (use_double) {
            NV dans;
 
-#if 1
-/* Somehow U_V is pessimized even if CASTFLAGS is 0 */
-#  if CASTFLAGS & 2
-#    define CAST_D2UV(d) U_V(d)
-#  else
-#    define CAST_D2UV(d) ((UV)(d))
-#  endif
-           /* Tried to do this only in the case DOUBLESIZE <= UV_SIZE,
-            * or, in other words, precision of UV more than of NV.
-            * But in fact the approach below turned out to be an
-            * optimization - floor() may be slow */
-           if (dright <= UV_MAX && dleft <= UV_MAX) {
-               right = CAST_D2UV(dright);
-               left  = CAST_D2UV(dleft);
-               goto do_uv;
-           }
-#endif
-
-           /* Backward-compatibility clause: */
-           dright = Perl_floor(dright + 0.5);
-           dleft  = Perl_floor(dleft + 0.5);
-
            if (!dright)
                DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
 
@@ -1166,7 +1216,6 @@ PP(pp_modulo)
        else {
            UV ans;
 
-       do_uv:
            if (!right)
                DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
 
@@ -1203,8 +1252,10 @@ PP(pp_repeat)
        MEXTEND(MARK, max);
        if (count > 1) {
            while (SP > MARK) {
-               if (*SP)
-                   SvTEMP_off((*SP));
+               if (*SP) {
+                   *SP = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(*SP));
+                   SvREADONLY_on(*SP);
+               }
                SP--;
            }
            MARK++;
@@ -2598,7 +2649,16 @@ PP(pp_int)
                  SETu(U_V(value));
              } else {
 #if defined(HAS_MODFL) || defined(LONG_DOUBLE_EQUALS_DOUBLE)
+#   ifdef HAS_MODFL_POW32_BUG
+/* some versions of glibc split (i + d) into (i-1, d+1) for 2^32 <= i < 2^64 */
+                { 
+                    NV offset = Perl_modf(value, &value);
+                    (void)Perl_modf(offset, &offset);
+                    value += offset;
+                }
+#   else
                  (void)Perl_modf(value, &value);
+#   endif
 #else
                  double tmp = (double)value;
                  (void)Perl_modf(tmp, &tmp);
@@ -2612,7 +2672,16 @@ PP(pp_int)
                  SETi(I_V(value));
              } else {
 #if defined(HAS_MODFL) || defined(LONG_DOUBLE_EQUALS_DOUBLE)
+#   ifdef HAS_MODFL_POW32_BUG
+/* some versions of glibc split (i + d) into (i-1, d+1) for 2^32 <= i < 2^64 */
+                 {
+                     NV offset = Perl_modf(-value, &value);
+                     (void)Perl_modf(offset, &offset);
+                     value += offset;
+                 }
+#   else
                  (void)Perl_modf(-value, &value);
+#   endif
                  value = -value;
 #else
                  double tmp = (double)value;
@@ -2661,40 +2730,54 @@ PP(pp_abs)
     RETURN;
 }
 
+
 PP(pp_hex)
 {
     dSP; dTARGET;
     char *tmps;
-    STRLEN argtype;
+    I32 flags = PERL_SCAN_ALLOW_UNDERSCORES;
     STRLEN len;
+    NV result_nv;
+    UV result_uv;
 
     tmps = (SvPVx(POPs, len));
-    argtype = 1;               /* allow underscores */
-    XPUSHn(scan_hex(tmps, len, &argtype));
+    result_uv = grok_hex (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
+    if (flags & PERL_SCAN_GREATER_THAN_UV_MAX) {
+        XPUSHn(result_nv);
+    }
+    else {
+        XPUSHu(result_uv);
+    }
     RETURN;
 }
 
 PP(pp_oct)
 {
     dSP; dTARGET;
-    NV value;
-    STRLEN argtype;
     char *tmps;
+    I32 flags = PERL_SCAN_ALLOW_UNDERSCORES;
     STRLEN len;
+    NV result_nv;
+    UV result_uv;
 
     tmps = (SvPVx(POPs, len));
     while (*tmps && len && isSPACE(*tmps))
-       tmps++, len--;
+        tmps++, len--;
     if (*tmps == '0')
-       tmps++, len--;
-    argtype = 1;               /* allow underscores */
+        tmps++, len--;
     if (*tmps == 'x')
-       value = scan_hex(++tmps, --len, &argtype);
+        result_uv = grok_hex (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
     else if (*tmps == 'b')
-       value = scan_bin(++tmps, --len, &argtype);
+        result_uv = grok_bin (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
     else
-       value = scan_oct(tmps, len, &argtype);
-    XPUSHn(value);
+        result_uv = grok_oct (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
+
+    if (flags & PERL_SCAN_GREATER_THAN_UV_MAX) {
+        XPUSHn(result_nv);
+    }
+    else {
+        XPUSHu(result_uv);
+    }
     RETURN;
 }
 
@@ -2977,6 +3060,8 @@ PP(pp_sprintf)
     dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
     do_sprintf(TARG, SP-MARK, MARK+1);
     TAINT_IF(SvTAINTED(TARG));
+    if (DO_UTF8(*(MARK+1)))
+       SvUTF8_on(TARG);
     SP = ORIGMARK;
     PUSHTARG;
     RETURN;
@@ -3027,12 +3112,28 @@ PP(pp_crypt)
     dSP; dTARGET; dPOPTOPssrl;
     STRLEN n_a;
 #ifdef HAS_CRYPT
-    char *tmps = SvPV(left, n_a);
+    STRLEN len;
+    char *tmps = SvPV(left, len);
+    char *t    = 0;
+    if (DO_UTF8(left)) {
+         /* If Unicode take the crypt() of the low 8 bits
+         * of the characters of the string. */
+        char *s    = tmps;
+        char *send = tmps + len;
+        STRLEN i   = 0;
+        Newz(688, t, len, char);
+        while (s < send) {
+             t[i++] = utf8_to_uvchr((U8*)s, 0) & 0xFF;
+             s += UTF8SKIP(s);
+        }
+        tmps = t;
+    }
 #ifdef FCRYPT
     sv_setpv(TARG, fcrypt(tmps, SvPV(right, n_a)));
 #else
     sv_setpv(TARG, PerlProc_crypt(tmps, SvPV(right, n_a)));
 #endif
+    Safefree(t);
 #else
     DIE(aTHX_
       "The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia.");
@@ -3050,17 +3151,12 @@ PP(pp_ucfirst)
 
     if (DO_UTF8(sv) && (s = (U8*)SvPV(sv, slen)) && slen && UTF8_IS_START(*s)) {
        STRLEN ulen;
-       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN+1];
+       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
        U8 *tend;
        UV uv;
 
-       if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
-           TAINT;
-           SvTAINTED_on(sv);
-           uv = toTITLE_LC_uvchr(utf8n_to_uvchr(s, slen, &ulen, 0));
-       }
-       else
-           uv = toTITLE_utf8(s);
+       toTITLE_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &ulen); /* XXX --jhi */
+       uv = utf8_to_uvchr(tmpbuf, 0);
        
        tend = uvchr_to_utf8(tmpbuf, uv);
 
@@ -3109,17 +3205,12 @@ PP(pp_lcfirst)
 
     if (DO_UTF8(sv) && (s = (U8*)SvPV(sv, slen)) && slen && UTF8_IS_START(*s)) {
        STRLEN ulen;
-       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN+1];
+       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
        U8 *tend;
        UV uv;
 
-       if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
-           TAINT;
-           SvTAINTED_on(sv);
-           uv = toLOWER_LC_uvchr(utf8n_to_uvchr(s, slen, &ulen, 0));
-       }
-       else
-           uv = toLOWER_utf8(s);
+       toLOWER_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &ulen); /* XXX --jhi */
+       uv = utf8_to_uvchr(tmpbuf, 0);
        
        tend = uvchr_to_utf8(tmpbuf, uv);
 
@@ -3171,6 +3262,7 @@ PP(pp_uc)
        STRLEN ulen;
        register U8 *d;
        U8 *send;
+       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
 
        s = (U8*)SvPV(sv,len);
        if (!len) {
@@ -3184,19 +3276,11 @@ PP(pp_uc)
            (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
            d = (U8*)SvPVX(TARG);
            send = s + len;
-           if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
-               TAINT;
-               SvTAINTED_on(TARG);
-               while (s < send) {
-                   d = uvchr_to_utf8(d, toUPPER_LC_uvchr( utf8n_to_uvchr(s, len, &ulen, 0)));
-                   s += ulen;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               while (s < send) {
-                   d = uvchr_to_utf8(d, toUPPER_utf8( s ));
-                   s += UTF8SKIP(s);
-               }
+           while (s < send) {
+               toUPPER_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &ulen); /* XXX --jhi */
+               Copy(tmpbuf, d, ulen, U8);
+               d += ulen;
+               s += UTF8SKIP(s);
            }
            *d = '\0';
            SvUTF8_on(TARG);
@@ -3245,6 +3329,7 @@ PP(pp_lc)
        STRLEN ulen;
        register U8 *d;
        U8 *send;
+       U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN*2+1];
 
        s = (U8*)SvPV(sv,len);
        if (!len) {
@@ -3258,19 +3343,11 @@ PP(pp_lc)
            (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
            d = (U8*)SvPVX(TARG);
            send = s + len;
-           if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
-               TAINT;
-               SvTAINTED_on(TARG);
-               while (s < send) {
-                   d = uvchr_to_utf8(d, toLOWER_LC_uvchr( utf8n_to_uvchr(s, len, &ulen, 0)));
-                   s += ulen;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               while (s < send) {
-                   d = uvchr_to_utf8(d, toLOWER_utf8(s));
-                   s += UTF8SKIP(s);
-               }
+           while (s < send) {
+               toLOWER_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &ulen); /* XXX --jhi */
+               Copy(tmpbuf, d, ulen, U8);
+               d += ulen;
+               s += UTF8SKIP(s);
            }
            *d = '\0';
            SvUTF8_on(TARG);
@@ -4053,1755 +4130,6 @@ PP(pp_reverse)
     RETURN;
 }
 
-STATIC SV *
-S_mul128(pTHX_ SV *sv, U8 m)
-{
-  STRLEN          len;
-  char           *s = SvPV(sv, len);
-  char           *t;
-  U32             i = 0;
-
-  if (!strnEQ(s, "0000", 4)) {  /* need to grow sv */
-    SV             *tmpNew = newSVpvn("0000000000", 10);
-
-    sv_catsv(tmpNew, sv);
-    SvREFCNT_dec(sv);          /* free old sv */
-    sv = tmpNew;
-    s = SvPV(sv, len);
-  }
-  t = s + len - 1;
-  while (!*t)                   /* trailing '\0'? */
-    t--;
-  while (t > s) {
-    i = ((*t - '0') << 7) + m;
-    *(t--) = '0' + (i % 10);
-    m = i / 10;
-  }
-  return (sv);
-}
-
-/* Explosives and implosives. */
-
-#if 'I' == 73 && 'J' == 74
-/* On an ASCII/ISO kind of system */
-#define ISUUCHAR(ch)    ((ch) >= ' ' && (ch) < 'a')
-#else
-/*
-  Some other sort of character set - use memchr() so we don't match
-  the null byte.
- */
-#define ISUUCHAR(ch)    (memchr(PL_uuemap, (ch), sizeof(PL_uuemap)-1) || (ch) == ' ')
-#endif
-
-
-PP(pp_unpack)
-{
-    dSP;
-    dPOPPOPssrl;
-    I32 start_sp_offset = SP - PL_stack_base;
-    I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
-    SV *sv;
-    STRLEN llen;
-    STRLEN rlen;
-    register char *pat = SvPV(left, llen);
-#ifdef PACKED_IS_OCTETS
-    /* Packed side is assumed to be octets - so force downgrade if it
-       has been UTF-8 encoded by accident
-     */
-    register char *s = SvPVbyte(right, rlen);
-#else
-    register char *s = SvPV(right, rlen);
-#endif
-    char *strend = s + rlen;
-    char *strbeg = s;
-    register char *patend = pat + llen;
-    I32 datumtype;
-    register I32 len;
-    register I32 bits = 0;
-    register char *str;
-
-    /* These must not be in registers: */
-    short ashort;
-    int aint;
-    long along;
-#ifdef HAS_QUAD
-    Quad_t aquad;
-#endif
-    U16 aushort;
-    unsigned int auint;
-    U32 aulong;
-#ifdef HAS_QUAD
-    Uquad_t auquad;
-#endif
-    char *aptr;
-    float afloat;
-    double adouble;
-    I32 checksum = 0;
-    register U32 culong = 0;
-    NV cdouble = 0.0;
-    int commas = 0;
-    int star;
-#ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
-    int natint;                /* native integer */
-    int unatint;       /* unsigned native integer */
-#endif
-
-    if (gimme != G_ARRAY) {            /* arrange to do first one only */
-       /*SUPPRESS 530*/
-       for (patend = pat; !isALPHA(*patend) || *patend == 'x'; patend++) ;
-       if (strchr("aAZbBhHP", *patend) || *pat == '%') {
-           patend++;
-           while (isDIGIT(*patend) || *patend == '*')
-               patend++;
-       }
-       else
-           patend++;
-    }
-    while (pat < patend) {
-      reparse:
-       datumtype = *pat++ & 0xFF;
-#ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
-       natint = 0;
-#endif
-       if (isSPACE(datumtype))
-           continue;
-       if (datumtype == '#') {
-           while (pat < patend && *pat != '\n')
-               pat++;
-           continue;
-       }
-       if (*pat == '!') {
-           char *natstr = "sSiIlL";
-
-           if (strchr(natstr, datumtype)) {
-#ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
-               natint = 1;
-#endif
-               pat++;
-           }
-           else
-               DIE(aTHX_ "'!' allowed only after types %s", natstr);
-       }
-       star = 0;
-       if (pat >= patend)
-           len = 1;
-       else if (*pat == '*') {
-           len = strend - strbeg;      /* long enough */
-           pat++;
-           star = 1;
-       }
-       else if (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
-           len = *pat++ - '0';
-           while (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
-               len = (len * 10) + (*pat++ - '0');
-               if (len < 0)
-                   DIE(aTHX_ "Repeat count in unpack overflows");
-           }
-       }
-       else
-           len = (datumtype != '@');
-      redo_switch:
-       switch(datumtype) {
-       default:
-           DIE(aTHX_ "Invalid type in unpack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
-       case ',': /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
-           if (commas++ == 0 && ckWARN(WARN_UNPACK))
-               Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNPACK,
-                           "Invalid type in unpack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
-           break;
-       case '%':
-           if (len == 1 && pat[-1] != '1')
-               len = 16;
-           checksum = len;
-           culong = 0;
-           cdouble = 0;
-           if (pat < patend)
-               goto reparse;
-           break;
-       case '@':
-           if (len > strend - strbeg)
-               DIE(aTHX_ "@ outside of string");
-           s = strbeg + len;
-           break;
-       case 'X':
-           if (len > s - strbeg)
-               DIE(aTHX_ "X outside of string");
-           s -= len;
-           break;
-       case 'x':
-           if (len > strend - s)
-               DIE(aTHX_ "x outside of string");
-           s += len;
-           break;
-       case '/':
-           if (start_sp_offset >= SP - PL_stack_base)
-               DIE(aTHX_ "/ must follow a numeric type");
-           datumtype = *pat++;
-           if (*pat == '*')
-               pat++;          /* ignore '*' for compatibility with pack */
-           if (isDIGIT(*pat))
-               DIE(aTHX_ "/ cannot take a count" );
-           len = POPi;
-           star = 0;
-           goto redo_switch;
-       case 'A':
-       case 'Z':
-       case 'a':
-           if (len > strend - s)
-               len = strend - s;
-           if (checksum)
-               goto uchar_checksum;
-           sv = NEWSV(35, len);
-           sv_setpvn(sv, s, len);
-           s += len;
-           if (datumtype == 'A' || datumtype == 'Z') {
-               aptr = s;       /* borrow register */
-               if (datumtype == 'Z') { /* 'Z' strips stuff after first null */
-                   s = SvPVX(sv);
-                   while (*s)
-                       s++;
-               }
-               else {          /* 'A' strips both nulls and spaces */
-                   s = SvPVX(sv) + len - 1;
-                   while (s >= SvPVX(sv) && (!*s || isSPACE(*s)))
-                       s--;
-                   *++s = '\0';
-               }
-               SvCUR_set(sv, s - SvPVX(sv));
-               s = aptr;       /* unborrow register */
-           }
-           XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           break;
-       case 'B':
-       case 'b':
-           if (star || len > (strend - s) * 8)
-               len = (strend - s) * 8;
-           if (checksum) {
-               if (!PL_bitcount) {
-                   Newz(601, PL_bitcount, 256, char);
-                   for (bits = 1; bits < 256; bits++) {
-                       if (bits & 1)   PL_bitcount[bits]++;
-                       if (bits & 2)   PL_bitcount[bits]++;
-                       if (bits & 4)   PL_bitcount[bits]++;
-                       if (bits & 8)   PL_bitcount[bits]++;
-                       if (bits & 16)  PL_bitcount[bits]++;
-                       if (bits & 32)  PL_bitcount[bits]++;
-                       if (bits & 64)  PL_bitcount[bits]++;
-                       if (bits & 128) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
-                   }
-               }
-               while (len >= 8) {
-                   culong += PL_bitcount[*(unsigned char*)s++];
-                   len -= 8;
-               }
-               if (len) {
-                   bits = *s;
-                   if (datumtype == 'b') {
-                       while (len-- > 0) {
-                           if (bits & 1) culong++;
-                           bits >>= 1;
-                       }
-                   }
-                   else {
-                       while (len-- > 0) {
-                           if (bits & 128) culong++;
-                           bits <<= 1;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               break;
-           }
-           sv = NEWSV(35, len + 1);
-           SvCUR_set(sv, len);
-           SvPOK_on(sv);
-           str = SvPVX(sv);
-           if (datumtype == 'b') {
-               aint = len;
-               for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
-                   if (len & 7)                /*SUPPRESS 595*/
-                       bits >>= 1;
-                   else
-                       bits = *s++;
-                   *str++ = '0' + (bits & 1);
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               aint = len;
-               for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
-                   if (len & 7)
-                       bits <<= 1;
-                   else
-                       bits = *s++;
-                   *str++ = '0' + ((bits & 128) != 0);
-               }
-           }
-           *str = '\0';
-           XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           break;
-       case 'H':
-       case 'h':
-           if (star || len > (strend - s) * 2)
-               len = (strend - s) * 2;
-           sv = NEWSV(35, len + 1);
-           SvCUR_set(sv, len);
-           SvPOK_on(sv);
-           str = SvPVX(sv);
-           if (datumtype == 'h') {
-               aint = len;
-               for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
-                   if (len & 1)
-                       bits >>= 4;
-                   else
-                       bits = *s++;
-                   *str++ = PL_hexdigit[bits & 15];
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               aint = len;
-               for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
-                   if (len & 1)
-                       bits <<= 4;
-                   else
-                       bits = *s++;
-                   *str++ = PL_hexdigit[(bits >> 4) & 15];
-               }
-           }
-           *str = '\0';
-           XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           break;
-       case 'c':
-           if (len > strend - s)
-               len = strend - s;
-           if (checksum) {
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   aint = *s++;
-                   if (aint >= 128)    /* fake up signed chars */
-                       aint -= 256;
-                   culong += aint;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   aint = *s++;
-                   if (aint >= 128)    /* fake up signed chars */
-                       aint -= 256;
-                   sv = NEWSV(36, 0);
-                   sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint);
-                   PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'C':
-           if (len > strend - s)
-               len = strend - s;
-           if (checksum) {
-             uchar_checksum:
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   auint = *s++ & 255;
-                   culong += auint;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   auint = *s++ & 255;
-                   sv = NEWSV(37, 0);
-                   sv_setiv(sv, (IV)auint);
-                   PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'U':
-           if (len > strend - s)
-               len = strend - s;
-           if (checksum) {
-               while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
-                   STRLEN alen;
-                   auint = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8*)s, strend - s, &alen, 0);
-                   along = alen;
-                   s += along;
-                   if (checksum > 32)
-                       cdouble += (NV)auint;
-                   else
-                       culong += auint;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-               while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
-                   STRLEN alen;
-                   auint = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8*)s, strend - s, &alen, 0);
-                   along = alen;
-                   s += along;
-                   sv = NEWSV(37, 0);
-                   sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint);
-                   PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 's':
-#if SHORTSIZE == SIZE16
-           along = (strend - s) / SIZE16;
-#else
-           along = (strend - s) / (natint ? sizeof(short) : SIZE16);
-#endif
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           if (checksum) {
-#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
-               if (natint) {
-                   short ashort;
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPYNN(s, &ashort, sizeof(short));
-                       s += sizeof(short);
-                       culong += ashort;
-
-                   }
-               }
-               else
-#endif
-                {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPY16(s, &ashort);
-#if SHORTSIZE > SIZE16
-                       if (ashort > 32767)
-                         ashort -= 65536;
-#endif
-                       s += SIZE16;
-                       culong += ashort;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
-               if (natint) {
-                   short ashort;
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPYNN(s, &ashort, sizeof(short));
-                       s += sizeof(short);
-                       sv = NEWSV(38, 0);
-                       sv_setiv(sv, (IV)ashort);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                   }
-               }
-               else
-#endif
-                {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPY16(s, &ashort);
-#if SHORTSIZE > SIZE16
-                       if (ashort > 32767)
-                         ashort -= 65536;
-#endif
-                       s += SIZE16;
-                       sv = NEWSV(38, 0);
-                       sv_setiv(sv, (IV)ashort);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'v':
-       case 'n':
-       case 'S':
-#if SHORTSIZE == SIZE16
-           along = (strend - s) / SIZE16;
-#else
-           unatint = natint && datumtype == 'S';
-           along = (strend - s) / (unatint ? sizeof(unsigned short) : SIZE16);
-#endif
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           if (checksum) {
-#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
-               if (unatint) {
-                   unsigned short aushort;
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPYNN(s, &aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
-                       s += sizeof(unsigned short);
-                       culong += aushort;
-                   }
-               }
-               else
-#endif
-                {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPY16(s, &aushort);
-                       s += SIZE16;
-#ifdef HAS_NTOHS
-                       if (datumtype == 'n')
-                           aushort = PerlSock_ntohs(aushort);
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_VTOHS
-                       if (datumtype == 'v')
-                           aushort = vtohs(aushort);
-#endif
-                       culong += aushort;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
-               if (unatint) {
-                   unsigned short aushort;
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPYNN(s, &aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
-                       s += sizeof(unsigned short);
-                       sv = NEWSV(39, 0);
-                       sv_setiv(sv, (UV)aushort);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                   }
-               }
-               else
-#endif
-                {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPY16(s, &aushort);
-                       s += SIZE16;
-                       sv = NEWSV(39, 0);
-#ifdef HAS_NTOHS
-                       if (datumtype == 'n')
-                           aushort = PerlSock_ntohs(aushort);
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_VTOHS
-                       if (datumtype == 'v')
-                           aushort = vtohs(aushort);
-#endif
-                       sv_setiv(sv, (UV)aushort);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'i':
-           along = (strend - s) / sizeof(int);
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           if (checksum) {
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   Copy(s, &aint, 1, int);
-                   s += sizeof(int);
-                   if (checksum > 32)
-                       cdouble += (NV)aint;
-                   else
-                       culong += aint;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   Copy(s, &aint, 1, int);
-                   s += sizeof(int);
-                   sv = NEWSV(40, 0);
-#ifdef __osf__
-                    /* Without the dummy below unpack("i", pack("i",-1))
-                     * return 0xFFffFFff instead of -1 for Digital Unix V4.0
-                     * cc with optimization turned on.
-                    *
-                    * The bug was detected in
-                    * DEC C V5.8-009 on Digital UNIX V4.0 (Rev. 1091) (V4.0E)
-                    * with optimization (-O4) turned on.
-                    * DEC C V5.2-040 on Digital UNIX V4.0 (Rev. 564) (V4.0B)
-                    * does not have this problem even with -O4.
-                    *
-                    * This bug was reported as DECC_BUGS 1431
-                    * and tracked internally as GEM_BUGS 7775.
-                    *
-                    * The bug is fixed in
-                    * Tru64 UNIX V5.0:      Compaq C V6.1-006 or later
-                    * UNIX V4.0F support:   DEC C V5.9-006 or later
-                    * UNIX V4.0E support:   DEC C V5.8-011 or later
-                    * and also in DTK.
-                    *
-                    * See also few lines later for the same bug.
-                    */
-                    (aint) ?
-                       sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint) :
-#endif
-                   sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint);
-                   PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'I':
-           along = (strend - s) / sizeof(unsigned int);
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           if (checksum) {
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   Copy(s, &auint, 1, unsigned int);
-                   s += sizeof(unsigned int);
-                   if (checksum > 32)
-                       cdouble += (NV)auint;
-                   else
-                       culong += auint;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   Copy(s, &auint, 1, unsigned int);
-                   s += sizeof(unsigned int);
-                   sv = NEWSV(41, 0);
-#ifdef __osf__
-                    /* Without the dummy below unpack("I", pack("I",0xFFFFFFFF))
-                     * returns 1.84467440737096e+19 instead of 0xFFFFFFFF.
-                    * See details few lines earlier. */
-                    (auint) ?
-                       sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint) :
-#endif
-                   sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint);
-                   PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'l':
-#if LONGSIZE == SIZE32
-           along = (strend - s) / SIZE32;
-#else
-           along = (strend - s) / (natint ? sizeof(long) : SIZE32);
-#endif
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           if (checksum) {
-#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
-               if (natint) {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPYNN(s, &along, sizeof(long));
-                       s += sizeof(long);
-                       if (checksum > 32)
-                           cdouble += (NV)along;
-                       else
-                           culong += along;
-                   }
-               }
-               else
-#endif
-                {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-#if LONGSIZE > SIZE32 && INTSIZE == SIZE32
-                       I32 along;
-#endif
-                       COPY32(s, &along);
-#if LONGSIZE > SIZE32
-                       if (along > 2147483647)
-                         along -= 4294967296;
-#endif
-                       s += SIZE32;
-                       if (checksum > 32)
-                           cdouble += (NV)along;
-                       else
-                           culong += along;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
-               if (natint) {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPYNN(s, &along, sizeof(long));
-                       s += sizeof(long);
-                       sv = NEWSV(42, 0);
-                       sv_setiv(sv, (IV)along);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                   }
-               }
-               else
-#endif
-                {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-#if LONGSIZE > SIZE32 && INTSIZE == SIZE32
-                       I32 along;
-#endif
-                       COPY32(s, &along);
-#if LONGSIZE > SIZE32
-                       if (along > 2147483647)
-                         along -= 4294967296;
-#endif
-                       s += SIZE32;
-                       sv = NEWSV(42, 0);
-                       sv_setiv(sv, (IV)along);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'V':
-       case 'N':
-       case 'L':
-#if LONGSIZE == SIZE32
-           along = (strend - s) / SIZE32;
-#else
-           unatint = natint && datumtype == 'L';
-           along = (strend - s) / (unatint ? sizeof(unsigned long) : SIZE32);
-#endif
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           if (checksum) {
-#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
-               if (unatint) {
-                   unsigned long aulong;
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPYNN(s, &aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
-                       s += sizeof(unsigned long);
-                       if (checksum > 32)
-                           cdouble += (NV)aulong;
-                       else
-                           culong += aulong;
-                   }
-               }
-               else
-#endif
-                {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPY32(s, &aulong);
-                       s += SIZE32;
-#ifdef HAS_NTOHL
-                       if (datumtype == 'N')
-                           aulong = PerlSock_ntohl(aulong);
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_VTOHL
-                       if (datumtype == 'V')
-                           aulong = vtohl(aulong);
-#endif
-                       if (checksum > 32)
-                           cdouble += (NV)aulong;
-                       else
-                           culong += aulong;
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
-               if (unatint) {
-                   unsigned long aulong;
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPYNN(s, &aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
-                       s += sizeof(unsigned long);
-                       sv = NEWSV(43, 0);
-                       sv_setuv(sv, (UV)aulong);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                   }
-               }
-               else
-#endif
-                {
-                   while (len-- > 0) {
-                       COPY32(s, &aulong);
-                       s += SIZE32;
-#ifdef HAS_NTOHL
-                       if (datumtype == 'N')
-                           aulong = PerlSock_ntohl(aulong);
-#endif
-#ifdef HAS_VTOHL
-                       if (datumtype == 'V')
-                           aulong = vtohl(aulong);
-#endif
-                       sv = NEWSV(43, 0);
-                       sv_setuv(sv, (UV)aulong);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                   }
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'p':
-           along = (strend - s) / sizeof(char*);
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           EXTEND(SP, len);
-           EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               if (sizeof(char*) > strend - s)
-                   break;
-               else {
-                   Copy(s, &aptr, 1, char*);
-                   s += sizeof(char*);
-               }
-               sv = NEWSV(44, 0);
-               if (aptr)
-                   sv_setpv(sv, aptr);
-               PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'w':
-           EXTEND(SP, len);
-           EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-           {
-               UV auv = 0;
-               U32 bytes = 0;
-               
-               while ((len > 0) && (s < strend)) {
-                   auv = (auv << 7) | (*s & 0x7f);
-                   /* UTF8_IS_XXXXX not right here - using constant 0x80 */
-                   if ((U8)(*s++) < 0x80) {
-                       bytes = 0;
-                       sv = NEWSV(40, 0);
-                       sv_setuv(sv, auv);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                       len--;
-                       auv = 0;
-                   }
-                   else if (++bytes >= sizeof(UV)) {   /* promote to string */
-                       char *t;
-                       STRLEN n_a;
-
-                       sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%.*"UVf, (int)TYPE_DIGITS(UV), auv);
-                       while (s < strend) {
-                           sv = mul128(sv, *s & 0x7f);
-                           if (!(*s++ & 0x80)) {
-                               bytes = 0;
-                               break;
-                           }
-                       }
-                       t = SvPV(sv, n_a);
-                       while (*t == '0')
-                           t++;
-                       sv_chop(sv, t);
-                       PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-                       len--;
-                       auv = 0;
-                   }
-               }
-               if ((s >= strend) && bytes)
-                   DIE(aTHX_ "Unterminated compressed integer");
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'P':
-           EXTEND(SP, 1);
-           if (sizeof(char*) > strend - s)
-               break;
-           else {
-               Copy(s, &aptr, 1, char*);
-               s += sizeof(char*);
-           }
-           sv = NEWSV(44, 0);
-           if (aptr)
-               sv_setpvn(sv, aptr, len);
-           PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           break;
-#ifdef HAS_QUAD
-       case 'q':
-           along = (strend - s) / sizeof(Quad_t);
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           EXTEND(SP, len);
-           EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               if (s + sizeof(Quad_t) > strend)
-                   aquad = 0;
-               else {
-                   Copy(s, &aquad, 1, Quad_t);
-                   s += sizeof(Quad_t);
-               }
-               sv = NEWSV(42, 0);
-               if (aquad >= IV_MIN && aquad <= IV_MAX)
-                   sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aquad);
-               else
-                   sv_setnv(sv, (NV)aquad);
-               PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'Q':
-           along = (strend - s) / sizeof(Quad_t);
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           EXTEND(SP, len);
-           EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               if (s + sizeof(Uquad_t) > strend)
-                   auquad = 0;
-               else {
-                   Copy(s, &auquad, 1, Uquad_t);
-                   s += sizeof(Uquad_t);
-               }
-               sv = NEWSV(43, 0);
-               if (auquad <= UV_MAX)
-                   sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auquad);
-               else
-                   sv_setnv(sv, (NV)auquad);
-               PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           }
-           break;
-#endif
-       /* float and double added gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
-       case 'f':
-       case 'F':
-           along = (strend - s) / sizeof(float);
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           if (checksum) {
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   Copy(s, &afloat, 1, float);
-                   s += sizeof(float);
-                   cdouble += afloat;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   Copy(s, &afloat, 1, float);
-                   s += sizeof(float);
-                   sv = NEWSV(47, 0);
-                   sv_setnv(sv, (NV)afloat);
-                   PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'd':
-       case 'D':
-           along = (strend - s) / sizeof(double);
-           if (len > along)
-               len = along;
-           if (checksum) {
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   Copy(s, &adouble, 1, double);
-                   s += sizeof(double);
-                   cdouble += adouble;
-               }
-           }
-           else {
-               EXTEND(SP, len);
-               EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   Copy(s, &adouble, 1, double);
-                   s += sizeof(double);
-                   sv = NEWSV(48, 0);
-                   sv_setnv(sv, (NV)adouble);
-                   PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'u':
-           /* MKS:
-            * Initialise the decode mapping.  By using a table driven
-             * algorithm, the code will be character-set independent
-             * (and just as fast as doing character arithmetic)
-             */
-            if (PL_uudmap['M'] == 0) {
-                int i;
-
-                for (i = 0; i < sizeof(PL_uuemap); i += 1)
-                    PL_uudmap[(U8)PL_uuemap[i]] = i;
-                /*
-                 * Because ' ' and '`' map to the same value,
-                 * we need to decode them both the same.
-                 */
-                PL_uudmap[' '] = 0;
-            }
-
-           along = (strend - s) * 3 / 4;
-           sv = NEWSV(42, along);
-           if (along)
-               SvPOK_on(sv);
-           while (s < strend && *s > ' ' && ISUUCHAR(*s)) {
-               I32 a, b, c, d;
-               char hunk[4];
-
-               hunk[3] = '\0';
-               len = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
-               while (len > 0) {
-                   if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
-                       a = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
-                   else
-                       a = 0;
-                   if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
-                       b = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
-                   else
-                       b = 0;
-                   if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
-                       c = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
-                   else
-                       c = 0;
-                   if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
-                       d = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
-                   else
-                       d = 0;
-                   hunk[0] = (a << 2) | (b >> 4);
-                   hunk[1] = (b << 4) | (c >> 2);
-                   hunk[2] = (c << 6) | d;
-                   sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
-                   len -= 3;
-               }
-               if (*s == '\n')
-                   s++;
-               else if (s[1] == '\n')          /* possible checksum byte */
-                   s += 2;
-           }
-           XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           break;
-       }
-       if (checksum) {
-           sv = NEWSV(42, 0);
-           if (strchr("fFdD", datumtype) ||
-             (checksum > 32 && strchr("iIlLNU", datumtype)) ) {
-               NV trouble;
-
-               adouble = 1.0;
-               while (checksum >= 16) {
-                   checksum -= 16;
-                   adouble *= 65536.0;
-               }
-               while (checksum >= 4) {
-                   checksum -= 4;
-                   adouble *= 16.0;
-               }
-               while (checksum--)
-                   adouble *= 2.0;
-               along = (1 << checksum) - 1;
-               while (cdouble < 0.0)
-                   cdouble += adouble;
-               cdouble = Perl_modf(cdouble / adouble, &trouble) * adouble;
-               sv_setnv(sv, cdouble);
-           }
-           else {
-               if (checksum < 32) {
-                   aulong = (1 << checksum) - 1;
-                   culong &= aulong;
-               }
-               sv_setuv(sv, (UV)culong);
-           }
-           XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
-           checksum = 0;
-       }
-    }
-    if (SP - PL_stack_base == start_sp_offset && gimme == G_SCALAR)
-       PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
-    RETURN;
-}
-
-STATIC void
-S_doencodes(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register char *s, register I32 len)
-{
-    char hunk[5];
-
-    *hunk = PL_uuemap[len];
-    sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 1);
-    hunk[4] = '\0';
-    while (len > 2) {
-       hunk[0] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (*s >> 2))];
-       hunk[1] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((*s << 4) & 060) | ((s[1] >> 4) & 017)))];
-       hunk[2] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[1] << 2) & 074) | ((s[2] >> 6) & 03)))];
-       hunk[3] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[2] & 077))];
-       sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 4);
-       s += 3;
-       len -= 3;
-    }
-    if (len > 0) {
-       char r = (len > 1 ? s[1] : '\0');
-       hunk[0] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (*s >> 2))];
-       hunk[1] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((*s << 4) & 060) | ((r >> 4) & 017)))];
-       hunk[2] = PL_uuemap[(077 & ((r << 2) & 074))];
-       hunk[3] = PL_uuemap[0];
-       sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 4);
-    }
-    sv_catpvn(sv, "\n", 1);
-}
-
-STATIC SV *
-S_is_an_int(pTHX_ char *s, STRLEN l)
-{
-  STRLEN        n_a;
-  SV             *result = newSVpvn(s, l);
-  char           *result_c = SvPV(result, n_a);        /* convenience */
-  char           *out = result_c;
-  bool            skip = 1;
-  bool            ignore = 0;
-
-  while (*s) {
-    switch (*s) {
-    case ' ':
-      break;
-    case '+':
-      if (!skip) {
-       SvREFCNT_dec(result);
-       return (NULL);
-      }
-      break;
-    case '0':
-    case '1':
-    case '2':
-    case '3':
-    case '4':
-    case '5':
-    case '6':
-    case '7':
-    case '8':
-    case '9':
-      skip = 0;
-      if (!ignore) {
-       *(out++) = *s;
-      }
-      break;
-    case '.':
-      ignore = 1;
-      break;
-    default:
-      SvREFCNT_dec(result);
-      return (NULL);
-    }
-    s++;
-  }
-  *(out++) = '\0';
-  SvCUR_set(result, out - result_c);
-  return (result);
-}
-
-/* pnum must be '\0' terminated */
-STATIC int
-S_div128(pTHX_ SV *pnum, bool *done)
-{
-  STRLEN          len;
-  char           *s = SvPV(pnum, len);
-  int             m = 0;
-  int             r = 0;
-  char           *t = s;
-
-  *done = 1;
-  while (*t) {
-    int             i;
-
-    i = m * 10 + (*t - '0');
-    m = i & 0x7F;
-    r = (i >> 7);              /* r < 10 */
-    if (r) {
-      *done = 0;
-    }
-    *(t++) = '0' + r;
-  }
-  *(t++) = '\0';
-  SvCUR_set(pnum, (STRLEN) (t - s));
-  return (m);
-}
-
-
-PP(pp_pack)
-{
-    dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
-    register SV *cat = TARG;
-    register I32 items;
-    STRLEN fromlen;
-    register char *pat = SvPVx(*++MARK, fromlen);
-    char *patcopy;
-    register char *patend = pat + fromlen;
-    register I32 len;
-    I32 datumtype;
-    SV *fromstr;
-    /*SUPPRESS 442*/
-    static char null10[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
-    static char *space10 = "          ";
-
-    /* These must not be in registers: */
-    char achar;
-    I16 ashort;
-    int aint;
-    unsigned int auint;
-    I32 along;
-    U32 aulong;
-#ifdef HAS_QUAD
-    Quad_t aquad;
-    Uquad_t auquad;
-#endif
-    char *aptr;
-    float afloat;
-    double adouble;
-    int commas = 0;
-#ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
-    int natint;                /* native integer */
-#endif
-
-    items = SP - MARK;
-    MARK++;
-    sv_setpvn(cat, "", 0);
-    patcopy = pat;
-    while (pat < patend) {
-       SV *lengthcode = Nullsv;
-#define NEXTFROM ( lengthcode ? lengthcode : items-- > 0 ? *MARK++ : &PL_sv_no)
-       datumtype = *pat++ & 0xFF;
-#ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
-       natint = 0;
-#endif
-       if (isSPACE(datumtype)) {
-           patcopy++;
-           continue;
-        }
-#ifndef PACKED_IS_OCTETS
-       if (datumtype == 'U' && pat == patcopy+1)
-           SvUTF8_on(cat);
-#endif
-       if (datumtype == '#') {
-           while (pat < patend && *pat != '\n')
-               pat++;
-           continue;
-       }
-        if (*pat == '!') {
-           char *natstr = "sSiIlL";
-
-           if (strchr(natstr, datumtype)) {
-#ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
-               natint = 1;
-#endif
-               pat++;
-           }
-           else
-               DIE(aTHX_ "'!' allowed only after types %s", natstr);
-       }
-       if (*pat == '*') {
-           len = strchr("@Xxu", datumtype) ? 0 : items;
-           pat++;
-       }
-       else if (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
-           len = *pat++ - '0';
-           while (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
-               len = (len * 10) + (*pat++ - '0');
-               if (len < 0)
-                   DIE(aTHX_ "Repeat count in pack overflows");
-           }
-       }
-       else
-           len = 1;
-       if (*pat == '/') {
-           ++pat;
-           if ((*pat != 'a' && *pat != 'A' && *pat != 'Z') || pat[1] != '*')
-               DIE(aTHX_ "/ must be followed by a*, A* or Z*");
-           lengthcode = sv_2mortal(newSViv(sv_len(items > 0
-                                                  ? *MARK : &PL_sv_no)
-                                            + (*pat == 'Z' ? 1 : 0)));
-       }
-       switch(datumtype) {
-       default:
-           DIE(aTHX_ "Invalid type in pack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
-       case ',': /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
-           if (commas++ == 0 && ckWARN(WARN_PACK))
-               Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PACK,
-                           "Invalid type in pack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
-           break;
-       case '%':
-           DIE(aTHX_ "%% may only be used in unpack");
-       case '@':
-           len -= SvCUR(cat);
-           if (len > 0)
-               goto grow;
-           len = -len;
-           if (len > 0)
-               goto shrink;
-           break;
-       case 'X':
-         shrink:
-           if (SvCUR(cat) < len)
-               DIE(aTHX_ "X outside of string");
-           SvCUR(cat) -= len;
-           *SvEND(cat) = '\0';
-           break;
-       case 'x':
-         grow:
-           while (len >= 10) {
-               sv_catpvn(cat, null10, 10);
-               len -= 10;
-           }
-           sv_catpvn(cat, null10, len);
-           break;
-       case 'A':
-       case 'Z':
-       case 'a':
-           fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-           aptr = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
-           if (pat[-1] == '*') {
-               len = fromlen;
-               if (datumtype == 'Z')
-                   ++len;
-           }
-           if (fromlen >= len) {
-               sv_catpvn(cat, aptr, len);
-               if (datumtype == 'Z')
-                   *(SvEND(cat)-1) = '\0';
-           }
-           else {
-               sv_catpvn(cat, aptr, fromlen);
-               len -= fromlen;
-               if (datumtype == 'A') {
-                   while (len >= 10) {
-                       sv_catpvn(cat, space10, 10);
-                       len -= 10;
-                   }
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, space10, len);
-               }
-               else {
-                   while (len >= 10) {
-                       sv_catpvn(cat, null10, 10);
-                       len -= 10;
-                   }
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, null10, len);
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'B':
-       case 'b':
-           {
-               register char *str;
-               I32 saveitems;
-
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               saveitems = items;
-               str = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
-               if (pat[-1] == '*')
-                   len = fromlen;
-               aint = SvCUR(cat);
-               SvCUR(cat) += (len+7)/8;
-               SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + 1);
-               aptr = SvPVX(cat) + aint;
-               if (len > fromlen)
-                   len = fromlen;
-               aint = len;
-               items = 0;
-               if (datumtype == 'B') {
-                   for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
-                       items |= *str++ & 1;
-                       if (len & 7)
-                           items <<= 1;
-                       else {
-                           *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
-                           items = 0;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               else {
-                   for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
-                       if (*str++ & 1)
-                           items |= 128;
-                       if (len & 7)
-                           items >>= 1;
-                       else {
-                           *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
-                           items = 0;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               if (aint & 7) {
-                   if (datumtype == 'B')
-                       items <<= 7 - (aint & 7);
-                   else
-                       items >>= 7 - (aint & 7);
-                   *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
-               }
-               str = SvPVX(cat) + SvCUR(cat);
-               while (aptr <= str)
-                   *aptr++ = '\0';
-
-               items = saveitems;
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'H':
-       case 'h':
-           {
-               register char *str;
-               I32 saveitems;
-
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               saveitems = items;
-               str = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
-               if (pat[-1] == '*')
-                   len = fromlen;
-               aint = SvCUR(cat);
-               SvCUR(cat) += (len+1)/2;
-               SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + 1);
-               aptr = SvPVX(cat) + aint;
-               if (len > fromlen)
-                   len = fromlen;
-               aint = len;
-               items = 0;
-               if (datumtype == 'H') {
-                   for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
-                       if (isALPHA(*str))
-                           items |= ((*str++ & 15) + 9) & 15;
-                       else
-                           items |= *str++ & 15;
-                       if (len & 1)
-                           items <<= 4;
-                       else {
-                           *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
-                           items = 0;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               else {
-                   for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
-                       if (isALPHA(*str))
-                           items |= (((*str++ & 15) + 9) & 15) << 4;
-                       else
-                           items |= (*str++ & 15) << 4;
-                       if (len & 1)
-                           items >>= 4;
-                       else {
-                           *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
-                           items = 0;
-                       }
-                   }
-               }
-               if (aint & 1)
-                   *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
-               str = SvPVX(cat) + SvCUR(cat);
-               while (aptr <= str)
-                   *aptr++ = '\0';
-
-               items = saveitems;
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'C':
-       case 'c':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               switch (datumtype) {
-               case 'C':
-                   aint = SvIV(fromstr);
-                   if ((aint < 0 || aint > 255) &&
-                       ckWARN(WARN_PACK))
-                       Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PACK,
-                                   "Character in \"C\" format wrapped");
-                   achar = aint & 255;
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, &achar, sizeof(char));
-                   break;
-               case 'c':
-                   aint = SvIV(fromstr);
-                   if ((aint < -128 || aint > 127) &&
-                       ckWARN(WARN_PACK))
-                       Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PACK,
-                                   "Character in \"c\" format wrapped");
-                   achar = aint & 255;
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, &achar, sizeof(char));
-                   break;
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'U':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               auint = SvUV(fromstr);
-               SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + UTF8_MAXLEN + 1);
-               SvCUR_set(cat, (char*)uvchr_to_utf8((U8*)SvEND(cat),auint)
-                              - SvPVX(cat));
-           }
-           *SvEND(cat) = '\0';
-           break;
-       /* Float and double added by gnb@melba.bby.oz.au  22/11/89 */
-       case 'f':
-       case 'F':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               afloat = (float)SvNV(fromstr);
-               sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&afloat, sizeof (float));
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'd':
-       case 'D':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               adouble = (double)SvNV(fromstr);
-               sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&adouble, sizeof (double));
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'n':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
-#ifdef HAS_HTONS
-               ashort = PerlSock_htons(ashort);
-#endif
-               CAT16(cat, &ashort);
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'v':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
-#ifdef HAS_HTOVS
-               ashort = htovs(ashort);
-#endif
-               CAT16(cat, &ashort);
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'S':
-#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
-           if (natint) {
-               unsigned short aushort;
-
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-                   aushort = SvUV(fromstr);
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
-               }
-           }
-           else
-#endif
-            {
-               U16 aushort;
-
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-                   aushort = (U16)SvUV(fromstr);
-                   CAT16(cat, &aushort);
-               }
-
-           }
-           break;
-       case 's':
-#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
-           if (natint) {
-               short ashort;
-
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-                   ashort = SvIV(fromstr);
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&ashort, sizeof(short));
-               }
-           }
-           else
-#endif
-            {
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-                   ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
-                   CAT16(cat, &ashort);
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'I':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               auint = SvUV(fromstr);
-               sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&auint, sizeof(unsigned int));
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'w':
-            while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               adouble = Perl_floor(SvNV(fromstr));
-
-               if (adouble < 0)
-                   DIE(aTHX_ "Cannot compress negative numbers");
-
-               if (
-#if UVSIZE > 4 && UVSIZE >= NVSIZE
-                   adouble <= 0xffffffff
-#else
-#   ifdef CXUX_BROKEN_CONSTANT_CONVERT
-                   adouble <= UV_MAX_cxux
-#   else
-                   adouble <= UV_MAX
-#   endif
-#endif
-                   )
-               {
-                   char   buf[1 + sizeof(UV)];
-                   char  *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
-                   UV     auv = U_V(adouble);
-
-                   do {
-                       *--in = (auv & 0x7f) | 0x80;
-                       auv >>= 7;
-                   } while (auv);
-                   buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
-               }
-               else if (SvPOKp(fromstr)) {  /* decimal string arithmetics */
-                   char           *from, *result, *in;
-                   SV             *norm;
-                   STRLEN          len;
-                   bool            done;
-
-                   /* Copy string and check for compliance */
-                   from = SvPV(fromstr, len);
-                   if ((norm = is_an_int(from, len)) == NULL)
-                       DIE(aTHX_ "can compress only unsigned integer");
-
-                   New('w', result, len, char);
-                   in = result + len;
-                   done = FALSE;
-                   while (!done)
-                       *--in = div128(norm, &done) | 0x80;
-                   result[len - 1] &= 0x7F; /* clear continue bit */
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, in, (result + len) - in);
-                   Safefree(result);
-                   SvREFCNT_dec(norm); /* free norm */
-                }
-               else if (SvNOKp(fromstr)) {
-                   char   buf[sizeof(double) * 2];     /* 8/7 <= 2 */
-                   char  *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
-
-                   do {
-                       double next = floor(adouble / 128);
-                       *--in = (unsigned char)(adouble - (next * 128)) | 0x80;
-                       if (in <= buf)  /* this cannot happen ;-) */
-                           DIE(aTHX_ "Cannot compress integer");
-                       in--;
-                       adouble = next;
-                   } while (adouble > 0);
-                   buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
-               }
-               else
-                   DIE(aTHX_ "Cannot compress non integer");
-           }
-            break;
-       case 'i':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               aint = SvIV(fromstr);
-               sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aint, sizeof(int));
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'N':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
-#ifdef HAS_HTONL
-               aulong = PerlSock_htonl(aulong);
-#endif
-               CAT32(cat, &aulong);
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'V':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
-#ifdef HAS_HTOVL
-               aulong = htovl(aulong);
-#endif
-               CAT32(cat, &aulong);
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'L':
-#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
-           if (natint) {
-               unsigned long aulong;
-
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-                   aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
-               }
-           }
-           else
-#endif
-            {
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-                   aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
-                   CAT32(cat, &aulong);
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'l':
-#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
-           if (natint) {
-               long along;
-
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-                   along = SvIV(fromstr);
-                   sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&along, sizeof(long));
-               }
-           }
-           else
-#endif
-            {
-               while (len-- > 0) {
-                   fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-                   along = SvIV(fromstr);
-                   CAT32(cat, &along);
-               }
-           }
-           break;
-#ifdef HAS_QUAD
-       case 'Q':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               auquad = (Uquad_t)SvUV(fromstr);
-               sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&auquad, sizeof(Uquad_t));
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'q':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               aquad = (Quad_t)SvIV(fromstr);
-               sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aquad, sizeof(Quad_t));
-           }
-           break;
-#endif
-       case 'P':
-           len = 1;            /* assume SV is correct length */
-           /* FALL THROUGH */
-       case 'p':
-           while (len-- > 0) {
-               fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-               if (fromstr == &PL_sv_undef)
-                   aptr = NULL;
-               else {
-                   STRLEN n_a;
-                   /* XXX better yet, could spirit away the string to
-                    * a safe spot and hang on to it until the result
-                    * of pack() (and all copies of the result) are
-                    * gone.
-                    */
-                   if (ckWARN(WARN_PACK) && (SvTEMP(fromstr)
-                                               || (SvPADTMP(fromstr)
-                                                   && !SvREADONLY(fromstr))))
-                   {
-                       Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PACK,
-                               "Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value");
-                   }
-                   if (SvPOK(fromstr) || SvNIOK(fromstr))
-                       aptr = SvPV(fromstr,n_a);
-                   else
-                       aptr = SvPV_force(fromstr,n_a);
-               }
-               sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aptr, sizeof(char*));
-           }
-           break;
-       case 'u':
-           fromstr = NEXTFROM;
-           aptr = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
-           SvGROW(cat, fromlen * 4 / 3);
-           if (len <= 1)
-               len = 45;
-           else
-               len = len / 3 * 3;
-           while (fromlen > 0) {
-               I32 todo;
-
-               if (fromlen > len)
-                   todo = len;
-               else
-                   todo = fromlen;
-               doencodes(cat, aptr, todo);
-               fromlen -= todo;
-               aptr += todo;
-           }
-           break;
-       }
-    }
-    SvSETMAGIC(cat);
-    SP = ORIGMARK;
-    PUSHs(cat);
-    RETURN;
-}
-#undef NEXTFROM
-
-
 PP(pp_split)
 {
     dSP; dTARG;
@@ -5837,24 +4165,26 @@ PP(pp_split)
 #endif
     if (!pm || !s)
        DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_split");
-    rx = pm->op_pmregexp;
+    rx = PM_GETRE(pm);
 
     TAINT_IF((pm->op_pmflags & PMf_LOCALE) &&
             (pm->op_pmflags & (PMf_WHITE | PMf_SKIPWHITE)));
 
+    PL_reg_match_utf8 = do_utf8;
+
     if (pm->op_pmreplroot) {
 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
-       ary = GvAVn((GV*)PL_curpad[(PADOFFSET)pm->op_pmreplroot]);
+       ary = GvAVn((GV*)PL_curpad[INT2PTR(PADOFFSET, pm->op_pmreplroot)]);
 #else
        ary = GvAVn((GV*)pm->op_pmreplroot);
 #endif
     }
     else if (gimme != G_ARRAY)
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
+#ifdef USE_5005THREADS
        ary = (AV*)PL_curpad[0];
 #else
        ary = GvAVn(PL_defgv);
-#endif /* USE_THREADS */
+#endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
     else
        ary = Nullav;
     if (ary && (gimme != G_ARRAY || (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE))) {
@@ -6023,12 +4353,16 @@ PP(pp_split)
                for (i = 1; i <= rx->nparens; i++) {
                    s = rx->startp[i] + orig;
                    m = rx->endp[i] + orig;
-                   if (m && s) {
+
+                   /* japhy (07/27/01) -- the (m && s) test doesn't catch
+                      parens that didn't match -- they should be set to
+                      undef, not the empty string */
+                   if (m >= orig && s >= orig) {
                        dstr = NEWSV(33, m-s);
                        sv_setpvn(dstr, s, m-s);
                    }
                    else
-                       dstr = NEWSV(33, 0);
+                       dstr = &PL_sv_undef;  /* undef, not "" */
                    if (make_mortal)
                        sv_2mortal(dstr);
                    if (do_utf8)
@@ -6106,7 +4440,7 @@ PP(pp_split)
     RETPUSHUNDEF;
 }
 
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
+#ifdef USE_5005THREADS
 void
 Perl_unlock_condpair(pTHX_ void *svv)
 {
@@ -6120,19 +4454,24 @@ Perl_unlock_condpair(pTHX_ void *svv)
     MgOWNER(mg) = 0;
     COND_SIGNAL(MgOWNERCONDP(mg));
     DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": unlock 0x%"UVxf"\n",
-                         PTR2UV(thr), PTR2UV(svv));)
+                         PTR2UV(thr), PTR2UV(svv)));
     MUTEX_UNLOCK(MgMUTEXP(mg));
 }
-#endif /* USE_THREADS */
+#endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
 
 PP(pp_lock)
 {
     dSP;
     dTOPss;
     SV *retsv = sv;
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
+#ifdef USE_5005THREADS
     sv_lock(sv);
-#endif /* USE_THREADS */
+#endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
+#ifdef USE_ITHREADS
+    shared_sv *ssv = Perl_sharedsv_find(aTHX_ sv);
+    if(ssv)
+        Perl_sharedsv_lock(aTHX_ ssv);
+#endif /* USE_ITHREADS */
     if (SvTYPE(retsv) == SVt_PVAV || SvTYPE(retsv) == SVt_PVHV
        || SvTYPE(retsv) == SVt_PVCV) {
        retsv = refto(retsv);
@@ -6143,7 +4482,7 @@ PP(pp_lock)
 
 PP(pp_threadsv)
 {
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
+#ifdef USE_5005THREADS
     dSP;
     EXTEND(SP, 1);
     if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
@@ -6153,5 +4492,5 @@ PP(pp_threadsv)
     RETURN;
 #else
     DIE(aTHX_ "tried to access per-thread data in non-threaded perl");
-#endif /* USE_THREADS */
+#endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
 }