=item *
-The default place to put an input record when a C<E<lt>FHE<gt>>
+The default place to put an input record when a C<< <FH> >>
operation's result is tested by itself as the sole criterion of a C<while>
test. Outside a C<while> test, this will not happen.
=over 8
-=item $E<lt>I<digits>E<gt>
+=item $<I<digits>>
Contains the subpattern from the corresponding set of capturing
parentheses from the last pattern match, not counting patterns
(Mnemonic: be positive and forward looking.)
This variable is read-only and dynamically scoped to the current BLOCK.
+=item @LAST_MATCH_END
+
=item @+
This array holds the offsets of the ends of the last successful
may be different from the actual physical line number in the file,
depending on what notion of "line" is in effect--see C<$/> on how
to change that. An explicit close on a filehandle resets the line
-number. Because C<E<lt>E<gt>> never does an explicit close, line
+number. Because C<< <> >> never does an explicit close, line
numbers increase across ARGV files (but see examples in L<perlfunc/eof>).
Consider this variable read-only: setting it does not reposition
the seek pointer; you'll have to do that on your own. Localizing C<$.>
Used with formats.
(Mnemonic: lines_on_page - lines_printed.)
+=item @LAST_MATCH_START
+
=item @-
$-[0] is the offset of the start of the last successful match.
Thus after a match against $_, $& coincides with C<substr $_, $-[0],
$+[0] - $-[0]>. Similarly, C<$>I<n> coincides with C<substr $_, $-[>I<n>C<],
$+[>I<n>C<] - $-[>I<n>C<]> if C<$-[>I<n>C<]> is defined, and $+ coincides with
-C<substr $_, $-[$#-], $+[$#-]>. One can use C<$#E<45>> to find the last
+C<substr $_, $-[$#-], $+[$#-]>. One can use C<$#-> to find the last
matched subgroup in the last successful match. Contrast with
C<$#+>, the number of subgroups in the regular expression. Compare
with C<@+>.
=over 5
-=item C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0]>)
+=item C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>
-=item C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]>)
+=item C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>
-=item C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0]>)
+=item C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>
=item C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>
=item C<$2> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>
-=item C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3]>)
+=item C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>
=back
successful call to wait() or waitpid(), or from the system()
operator. This is just the 16-bit status word returned by the
wait() system call (or else is made up to look like it). Thus, the
-exit value of the subprocess is really (C<$? E<gt>E<gt> 8>), and
+exit value of the subprocess is really (C<<< $? >> 8 >>>), and
C<$? & 127> gives which signal, if any, the process died from, and
C<$? & 128> reports whether there was a core dump. (Mnemonic:
similar to B<sh> and B<ksh>.)
($<,$>) = ($>,$<); # swap real and effective uid
(Mnemonic: it's the uid you went I<to>, if you're running setuid.)
-C<$E<lt>> and C<$E<gt>> can be swapped only on machines
+C<< $< >> and C<< $> >> can be swapped only on machines
supporting setreuid().
=item $REAL_GROUP_ID
(Mnemonic: parentheses are used to I<group> things. The effective gid
is the group that's I<right> for you, if you're running setgid.)
-C<$E<lt>>, C<$E<gt>>, C<$(> and C<$)> can be set only on
+C<< $< >>, C<< $> >>, C<$(> and C<$)> can be set only on
machines that support the corresponding I<set[re][ug]id()> routine. C<$(>
and C<$)> can be swapped only on machines supporting setregid().
program state than it is for hiding the program you're running.
(Mnemonic: same as B<sh> and B<ksh>.)
+Note for BSD users: setting C<$0> does not completely remove "perl"
+from the ps(1) output. For example, setting C<$0> to C<"foobar"> will
+result in C<"perl: foobar (perl)">. This is an operating system
+feature.
+
=item $[
The index of the first element in an array, and of the first character
$^M = 'a' x (1 << 16);
-would allocate a 64K buffer for use when in emergency. See the
+would allocate a 64K buffer for use in an emergency. See the
F<INSTALL> file in the Perl distribution for information on how to
enable this option. To discourage casual use of this advanced
-feature, there is no L<English> long name for this variable.
+feature, there is no L<English|English> long name for this variable.
=item $OSNAME
=item $ARGV
-contains the name of the current file when reading from E<lt>E<gt>.
+contains the name of the current file when reading from <>.
=item @ARGV
(which will interpolate C<$!> and C<$?>!). (See also L<Fatal>,
though.)
-When the eval() expression above is executed, open(), C<<PIPEE<gt>>,
+When the eval() expression above is executed, open(), C<< <PIPE> >>,
and C<close> are translated to calls in the C run-time library and
thence to the operating system kernel. C<$!> is set to the C library's
C<errno> if one of these calls fails.