perlunifaq, uniintro: fix for 80 col display

[p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git] / pod / perluniintro.pod

diff --git a/pod/perluniintro.pod b/pod/perluniintro.pod
index 6c82efd..54ce2f0 100644 (file)
--- a/pod/perluniintro.pod
+++ b/pod/perluniintro.pod
@@ -344,7 +344,8 @@ layer when opening files
 The I/O layers can also be specified more flexibly with
 the C<open> pragma.  See L<open>, or look at the following example.
 
-    use open ':encoding(utf8)'; # input/output default encoding will be UTF-8
+    use open ':encoding(utf8)'; # input/output default encoding will be
+                                # UTF-8
     open X, ">file";
     print X chr(0x100), "\n";
     close X;
@@ -355,7 +356,8 @@ the C<open> pragma.  See L<open>, or look at the following example.
 With the C<open> pragma you can use the C<:locale> layer
 
     BEGIN { $ENV{LC_ALL} = $ENV{LANG} = 'ru_RU.KOI8-R' }
-    # the :locale will probe the locale environment variables like LC_ALL
+    # the :locale will probe the locale environment variables like
+    # LC_ALL
     use open OUT => ':locale'; # russki parusski
     open(O, ">koi8");
     print O chr(0x430); # Unicode CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A = KOI8-R 0xc1
@@ -432,13 +434,13 @@ its argument so that Unicode characters with code points greater than
 255 are displayed as C<\x{...}>, control characters (like C<\n>) are
 displayed as C<\x..>, and the rest of the characters as themselves:
 
-   sub nice_string {
-       join("",
-         map { $_ > 255 ?                  # if wide character...
-               sprintf("\\x{%04X}", $_) :  # \x{...}
-               chr($_) =~ /[[:cntrl:]]/ ?  # else if control character ...
-               sprintf("\\x%02X", $_) :    # \x..
-               quotemeta(chr($_))          # else quoted or as themselves
+ sub nice_string {
+     join("",
+       map { $_ > 255 ?                  # if wide character...
+              sprintf("\\x{%04X}", $_) :  # \x{...}
+              chr($_) =~ /[[:cntrl:]]/ ?  # else if control character ...
+              sprintf("\\x%02X", $_) :    # \x..
+              quotemeta(chr($_))          # else quoted or as themselves
          } unpack("W*", $_[0]));           # unpack Unicode characters
    }
 
@@ -553,19 +555,19 @@ L<http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/>
 
 Character Ranges and Classes
 
-Character ranges in regular expression character classes (C</[a-z]/>)
-and in the C<tr///> (also known as C<y///>) operator are not magically
-Unicode-aware.  What this means is that C<[A-Za-z]> will not magically start
-to mean "all alphabetic letters"; not that it does mean that even for
-8-bit characters, you should be using C</[[:alpha:]]/> in that case.
+Character ranges in regular expression bracketed character classes ( e.g.,
+C</[a-z]/>) and in the C<tr///> (also known as C<y///>) operator are not
+magically Unicode-aware.  What this means is that C<[A-Za-z]> will not
+magically start to mean "all alphabetic letters" (not that it does mean that
+even for 8-bit characters; for those, if you are using locales (L<perllocale>),
+use C</[[:alpha:]]/>; and if not, use the 8-bit-aware property C<\p{alpha}>).
 
-For specifying character classes like that in regular expressions,
-you can use the various Unicode properties--C<\pL>, or perhaps
-C<\p{Alphabetic}>, in this particular case.  You can use Unicode
-code points as the end points of character ranges, but there is no
-magic associated with specifying a certain range.  For further
-information--there are dozens of Unicode character classes--see
-L<perlunicode>.
+All the properties that begin with C<\p> (and its inverse C<\P>) are actually
+character classes that are Unicode-aware.  There are dozens of them, see
+L<perluniprops>.
+
+You can use Unicode code points as the end points of character ranges, and the
+range will include all Unicode code points that lie between those end points.
 
 =item *
 
@@ -607,7 +609,7 @@ Unicode; for that, see the earlier I/O discussion.
 How Do I Know Whether My String Is In Unicode?
 
 You shouldn't have to care.  But you may, because currently the semantics of the
-characters whose ordinals are in the range 128 to 255 is different depending on
+characters whose ordinals are in the range 128 to 255 are different depending on
 whether the string they are contained within is in Unicode or not.
 (See L<perlunicode/When Unicode Does Not Happen>.)
 
@@ -622,8 +624,8 @@ string has any characters at all.  All the C<is_utf8()> does is to
 return the value of the internal "utf8ness" flag attached to the
 C<$string>.  If the flag is off, the bytes in the scalar are interpreted
 as a single byte encoding.  If the flag is on, the bytes in the scalar
-are interpreted as the (multi-byte, variable-length) UTF-8 encoded code
-points of the characters.  Bytes added to a UTF-8 encoded string are
+are interpreted as the (variable-length, potentially multi-byte) UTF-8 encoded
+code points of the characters.  Bytes added to a UTF-8 encoded string are
 automatically upgraded to UTF-8.  If mixed non-UTF-8 and UTF-8 scalars
 are merged (double-quoted interpolation, explicit concatenation, and
 printf/sprintf parameter substitution), the result will be UTF-8 encoded
@@ -648,6 +650,7 @@ the C<length()> function:
     use bytes;
     print length($unicode), "\n"; # will also print 2
                                   # (the 0xC4 0x80 of the UTF-8)
+    no bytes;
 
 =item *
 
@@ -730,11 +733,11 @@ or:
 
 You can find the bytes that make up a UTF-8 sequence with
 
-       @bytes = unpack("C*", $Unicode_string)
+    @bytes = unpack("C*", $Unicode_string)
 
 and you can create well-formed Unicode with
 
-       $Unicode_string = pack("U*", 0xff, ...)
+    $Unicode_string = pack("U*", 0xff, ...)
 
 =item *