=head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-Many usability enhancements, Simplified grammar, Lexical scoping,
-Arbitrarily nested data structures, Modularity and reusability,
-Object-oriented programming, Embeddable and Extensible, POSIX compliant,
-Package constructors and destructors, Multiple simultaneous DBM
-implementations, Subroutine definitions may now be autoloaded, Regular
-expression enhancements, Innumerable Unbundled Modules, Compilability
+modularity and reusability using innumerable modules, embeddable and
+extensible, roll-your-own magic variables (including multiple simultaneous
+DBM implementations), subroutines can now be overridden, autoloaded, and
+prototyped, arbitrarily nested data structures and anonymous functions,
+object-oriented programming, compilability into C code or Perl bytecode,
+support for light-weight processes (threads), support for
+internationalization, localization, and Unicode, lexical scoping, regular
+expression enhancements, enhanced debugger and interactive Perl
+environment, with integrated editor support, POSIX 1003.1 compliant library
+
+=item AVAILABILITY
=item ENVIRONMENT
=item NOTES
-=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1998/07/20
-23:12:17 $)
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
+20:38:02 $)
+
+=over
=item DESCRIPTION
perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, L<perlfaq1>: General Questions
-About Perl, L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl, L<perlfaq3>:
-Programming Tools, L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation, L<perlfaq5>: Files and
-Formats, L<perlfaq6>: Regexps, L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues,
-L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction, L<perlfaq9>: Networking
+About Perl, What is Perl?, Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it
+free?, Which version of Perl should I use?, What are perl4 and perl5?, What
+is perl6?, How stable is Perl?, Is Perl difficult to learn?, How does Perl
+compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?, Can
+I do [task] in Perl?, When shouldn't I program in Perl?, What's the
+difference between "perl" and "Perl"?, Is it a Perl program or a Perl
+script?, What is a JAPH?, Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?,
+How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
+(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?, L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and
+Learning about Perl, What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?, How
+can I get a binary version of Perl?, I don't have a C compiler on my
+system. How can I compile perl?, I copied the Perl binary from one machine
+to another, but scripts don't work, I grabbed the sources and tried to
+compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make
+it work?, What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is
+CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?, Is there an ISO or ANSI certified
+version of Perl?, Where can I get information on Perl?, What are the Perl
+newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?, Where should I post
+source code?, Perl Books, Perl in Magazines, Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW
+Access, What mailing lists are there for perl?, Archives of
+comp.lang.perl.misc, Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?, Where
+do I send bug reports?, What is perl.com?, L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools,
+How do I do (anything)?, How can I use Perl interactively?, Is there a Perl
+shell?, How do I debug my Perl programs?, How do I profile my Perl
+programs?, How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?, Is there a
+pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?, Is there a ctags for Perl?, Is there
+an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?, Where can I get Perl macros for vi?, Where
+can I get perl-mode for emacs?, How can I use curses with Perl?, How can I
+use X or Tk with Perl?, How can I generate simple menus without using CGI
+or Tk?, What is undump?, How can I make my Perl program run faster?, How
+can I make my Perl program take less memory?, Is it unsafe to return a
+pointer to local data?, How can I free an array or hash so my program
+shrinks?, How can I make my CGI script more efficient?, How can I hide the
+source for my Perl program?, How can I compile my Perl program into byte
+code or C?, How can I compile Perl into Java?, How can I get C<#!perl> to
+work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?, Can I write useful perl programs on the command
+line?, Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?, Where can
+I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?, Where can I learn about
+object-oriented Perl programming?, Where can I learn about linking C with
+Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp], I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't
+embed perl in my C program, what am I doing wrong?, When I tried to run my
+script, I got this message. What does it mean?, What's MakeMaker?,
+L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation, Why am I getting long decimals (eg,
+19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?,
+Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?, Does Perl have a round()
+function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?, How do I
+convert bits into ints?, Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?, How do I
+multiply matrices?, How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?,
+How can I output Roman numerals?, Why aren't my random numbers random?, How
+do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?, How do I find the current
+century or millennium?, How can I compare two dates and find the
+difference?, How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?, How
+can I find the Julian Day?, How do I find yesterday's date?, Does Perl have
+a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?, How do I validate input?, How
+do I unescape a string?, How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?,
+How do I expand function calls in a string?, How do I find matching/nesting
+anything?, How do I reverse a string?, How do I expand tabs in a string?,
+How do I reformat a paragraph?, How can I access/change the first N letters
+of a string?, How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?, How can I
+count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?, How do I
+capitalize all the words on one line?, How can I split a [character]
+delimited string except when inside [character]? (Comma-separated files),
+How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?, How do I
+pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?, How do I extract
+selected columns from a string?, How do I find the soundex value of a
+string?, How can I expand variables in text strings?, What's wrong with
+always quoting "$vars"?, Why don't my <<HERE documents work?, What is the
+difference between a list and an array?, What is the difference between
+$array[1] and @array[1]?, How can I remove duplicate elements from a list
+or array?, How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain
+element?, How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute
+the intersection of two arrays?, How do I test whether two arrays or hashes
+are equal?, How do I find the first array element for which a condition is
+true?, How do I handle linked lists?, How do I handle circular lists?, How
+do I shuffle an array randomly?, How do I process/modify each element of an
+array?, How do I select a random element from an array?, How do I permute N
+elements of a list?, How do I sort an array by (anything)?, How do I
+manipulate arrays of bits?, Why does defined() return true on empty arrays
+and hashes?, How do I process an entire hash?, What happens if I add or
+remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?, How do I look up a hash
+element by value?, How can I know how many entries are in a hash?, How do I
+sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?, How can I always keep my
+hash sorted?, What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with
+hashes?, Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?, How
+do I reset an each() operation part-way through?, How can I get the unique
+keys from two hashes?, How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM
+file?, How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?,
+Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?,
+How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array
+of hashes or arrays?, How can I use a reference as a hash key?, How do I
+handle binary data correctly?, How do I determine whether a scalar is a
+number/whole/integer/float?, How do I keep persistent data across program
+calls?, How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?, How do I
+define methods for every class/object?, How do I verify a credit card
+checksum?, How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?,
+L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats, How do I flush/unbuffer an output
+filehandle? Why must I do this?, How do I change one line in a file/delete
+a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the
+beginning of a file?, How do I count the number of lines in a file?, How do
+I make a temporary file name?, How can I manipulate fixed-record-length
+files?, How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
+filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?,
+How can I use a filehandle indirectly?, How can I set up a footer format to
+be used with write()?, How can I write() into a string?, How can I output
+my numbers with commas added?, How can I translate tildes (~) in a
+filename?, How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?, Why do
+I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?, Is there a
+leak/bug in glob()?, How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing
+blanks?, How can I reliably rename a file?, How can I lock a file?, Why
+can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?, I still don't get locking. I just
+want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?, How do I
+randomly update a binary file?, How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?,
+How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?, How do I print to more than one
+file at once?, How can I read in an entire file all at once?, How can I
+read in a file by paragraphs?, How can I read a single character from a
+file? From the keyboard?, How can I tell whether there's a character
+waiting on a filehandle?, How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?, How do I dup()
+a filehandle in Perl?, How do I close a file descriptor by number?, Why
+can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe`
+work?, Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?, Why does Perl let me
+delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber protected files? Isn't
+this a bug in Perl?, How do I select a random line from a file?, Why do I
+get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?, L<perlfaq6>: Regexps, How
+can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and
+unmaintainable code?, I'm having trouble matching over more than one line.
+What's wrong?, How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are
+themselves on different lines?, I put a regular expression into $/ but it
+didn't work. What's wrong?, How do I substitute case insensitively on the
+LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?, How can I make C<\w> match national
+character sets?, How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?,
+How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?, What is C</o> really for?,
+How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?,
+Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?, What does it
+mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?, How do I process
+each word on each line?, How can I print out a word-frequency or
+line-frequency summary?, How can I do approximate matching?, How do I
+efficiently match many regular expressions at once?, Why don't
+word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?, Why does using $&, $`, or
+$' slow my program down?, What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?, Are
+Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?, What's wrong with
+using grep or map in a void context?, How can I match strings with
+multibyte characters?, How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the
+user?, L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues, Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE
+for the Perl language?, What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how
+do I know when to use them?, Do I always/never have to quote my strings or
+use semicolons and commas?, How do I skip some return values?, How do I
+temporarily block warnings?, What's an extension?, Why do Perl operators
+have different precedence than C operators?, How do I declare/create a
+structure?, How do I create a module?, How do I create a class?, How can I
+tell if a variable is tainted?, What's a closure?, What is variable suicide
+and how can I prevent it?, How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle,
+Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?, How do I create a static variable?, What's
+the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between
+local() and my()?, How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly
+named lexical is in scope?, What's the difference between deep and shallow
+binding?, Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?, How do I redefine a
+builtin function, operator, or method?, What's the difference between
+calling a function as &foo and foo()?, How do I create a switch or case
+statement?, How can I catch accesses to undefined
+variables/functions/methods?, Why can't a method included in this same file
+be found?, How can I find out my current package?, How can I comment out a
+large block of perl code?, How do I clear a package?, How can I use a
+variable as a variable name?, L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction, How do I
+find out which operating system I'm running under?, How come exec() doesn't
+return?, How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?, How do I
+print something out in color?, How do I read just one key without waiting
+for a return key?, How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?,
+How do I clear the screen?, How do I get the screen size?, How do I ask the
+user for a password?, How do I read and write the serial port?, How do I
+decode encrypted password files?, How do I start a process in the
+background?, How do I trap control characters/signals?, How do I modify the
+shadow password file on a Unix system?, How do I set the time and date?,
+How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?, How can I measure time
+under a second?, How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception
+handling), Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)?
+What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?, How can I call
+my system's unique C functions from Perl?, Where do I get the include files
+to do ioctl() or syscall()?, Why do setuid perl scripts complain about
+kernel problems?, How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?, Why
+can't I get the output of a command with system()?, How can I capture
+STDERR from an external command?, Why doesn't open() return an error when a
+pipe open fails?, What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?, How
+can I call backticks without shell processing?, Why can't my script read
+from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?, How can I
+convert my shell script to perl?, Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp
+session?, How can I write expect in Perl?, Is there a way to hide perl's
+command line from programs such as "ps"?, I {changed directory, modified my
+environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I
+exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?, How do I close
+a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?, How do I fork a
+daemon process?, How do I make my program run with sh and csh?, How do I
+find out if I'm running interactively or not?, How do I timeout a slow
+event?, How do I set CPU limits?, How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?,
+How do I use an SQL database?, How do I make a system() exit on control-C?,
+How do I open a file without blocking?, How do I install a module from
+CPAN?, What's the difference between require and use?, How do I keep my own
+module/library directory?, How do I add the directory my program lives in
+to the module/library search path?, How do I add a directory to my include
+path at runtime?, What is socket.ph and where do I get it?, L<perlfaq9>:
+Networking, My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser.
+(500 Server Error), How can I get better error messages from a CGI
+program?, How do I remove HTML from a string?, How do I extract URLs?, How
+do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on
+another machine?, How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?, How do I fetch an
+HTML file?, How do I automate an HTML form submission?, How do I decode or
+create those %-encodings on the web?, How do I redirect to another page?,
+How do I put a password on my web pages?, How do I edit my .htpasswd and
+.htgroup files with Perl?, How do I make sure users can't enter values into
+a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?, How do I parse a mail
+header?, How do I decode a CGI form?, How do I check a valid mail address?,
+How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?, How do I return the user's mail
+address?, How do I send mail?, How do I read mail?, How do I find out my
+hostname/domainname/IP address?, How do I fetch a news article or the
+active newsgroups?, How do I fetch/put an FTP file?, How can I do RPC in
+Perl?
=over
=item Changes
-24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
-Initial Release: 11/March/97
+23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97,
+25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97
-=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.14 $, $Date:
-1998/06/14 22:15:25 $)
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
=over
-=item What is Perl?
-
-=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
-
-=item Which version of Perl should I use?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item What are perl4 and perl5?
+=item BASIC DOCUMENTATION
-=item How stable is Perl?
+=over
-=item Is Perl difficult to learn?
+=item perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
-=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
-Scheme, or Tcl?
+SYNOPSIS, DESCRIPTION, AVAILABILITY, ENVIRONMENT, AUTHOR, FILES, SEE ALSO,
+DIAGNOSTICS, BUGS, NOTES
-=item Can I do [task] in Perl?
+=item perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1999/05/23
+20:38:02 $)
-=item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
+DESCRIPTION
-=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
+=back
-=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
+=back
-=item What is a JAPH?
+=head2 perlbook - Perl book information
-=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
+=over
-=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
-(5/5.004/Perl instead of some other language)?
+=item DESCRIPTION
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
-=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.24 $,
-$Date: 1998/07/20 23:40:28 $)
+=over
=item DESCRIPTION
=over
-=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
-
-=item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
-
-=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
-
-=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
-don't work.
-
-=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
-loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
-
-=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
-What does CPAN/src/... mean?
-
-=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
-
-=item Where can I get information on Perl?
-
-=item What are the Perl newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?
-
-=item Where should I post source code?
-
-=item Perl Books
+=item Declarations
-References, Tutorials
-*Learning Perl [2nd edition]
-by Randal L. Schwartz and Tom Christiansen, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
+=item Simple statements
-=item Perl in Magazines
+=item Compound statements
-=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
+=item Loop Control
-=item What mailing lists are there for perl?
+=item For Loops
-MacPerl, Perl5-Porters, NTPerl, Perl-Packrats
+=item Foreach Loops
-=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
+=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
-=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
+=item Goto
-=item Where do I send bug reports?
+=item PODs: Embedded Documentation
-=item What is perl.com? perl.org? The Perl Institute?
+=item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
-=item How do I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
+=back
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=head2 perldata - Perl data types
-=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 1998/07/16
-22:08:49 $)
+=over
=item DESCRIPTION
=over
-=item How do I do (anything)?
+=item Variable names
-=item How can I use Perl interactively?
+=item Context
-=item Is there a Perl shell?
+=item Scalar values
-=item How do I debug my Perl programs?
+=item Scalar value constructors
-=item How do I profile my Perl programs?
+=item List value constructors
-=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
+=item Slices
-=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
+=item Typeglobs and Filehandles
-=item Is there a ctags for Perl?
+=back
-=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
+=back
-=item How can I use curses with Perl?
+=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
-=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
+=over
-=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item What is undump?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
+=over
-=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
+=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
-=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
+=item The Arrow Operator
-=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
+=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
-=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
+=item Exponentiation
-=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
+=item Symbolic Unary Operators
-=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
+=item Binding Operators
-=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
+=item Multiplicative Operators
-=item Can I write useful perl programs on the command line?
+=item Additive Operators
-=item Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
+=item Shift Operators
-=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
+=item Named Unary Operators
-=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
+=item Relational Operators
-=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
+=item Equality Operators
-=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
-my C program, what am I doing wrong?
+=item Bitwise And
-=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
-mean?
+=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
-=item What's MakeMaker?
+=item C-style Logical And
-=back
+=item C-style Logical Or
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item Range Operators
-=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.25 $, $Date: 1998/07/16
-22:49:55 $)
+=item Conditional Operator
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Assignment Operators
-=item Data: Numbers
+=item Comma Operator
-=over
+=item List Operators (Rightward)
-=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
-numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
+=item Logical Not
-=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
+=item Logical And
-=item Does perl have a round function? What about ceil() and floor()?
-Trig functions?
+=item Logical or and Exclusive Or
-=item How do I convert bits into ints?
+=item C Operators Missing From Perl
-=item How do I multiply matrices?
+unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
-=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
+=item Quote and Quote-like Operators
-=item How can I output Roman numerals?
+=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
-=item Why aren't my random numbers random?
+?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
+qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
+s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
+y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
-=back
+=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
-=item Data: Dates
+Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
+C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
+C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
+C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
+regular expressions
-=over
+=item I/O Operators
-=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
+=item Constant Folding
-=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
+=item Bitwise String Operators
-=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
+=item Integer Arithmetic
-=item How can I find the Julian Day?
+=item Floating-point Arithmetic
-=item Does Perl have a year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
+=item Bigger Numbers
=back
-=item Data: Strings
-
-=over
+=back
-=item How do I validate input?
+=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
-=item How do I unescape a string?
+=over
-=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item How do I expand function calls in a string?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
+=over
-=item How do I reverse a string?
+=item Private Variables via my()
-=item How do I expand tabs in a string?
+=item Persistent Private Variables
-=item How do I reformat a paragraph?
+=item Temporary Values via local()
-=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
+=item Lvalue subroutines
-=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
+=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
-=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
-string?
+=item When to Still Use local()
-=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
+1. You need to give a global variable a temporary value, especially $_, 2.
+You need to create a local file or directory handle or a local function, 3.
+You want to temporarily change just one element of an array or hash
-=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
-[character]? (Comma-separated files)
+=item Pass by Reference
-=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
+=item Prototypes
-=item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
+=item Constant Functions
-=item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
+=item Overriding Built-in Functions
-=item How can I expand variables in text strings?
+=item Autoloading
-=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
+=item Subroutine Attributes
-=item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
+=back
-1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
-a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
-the tag
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item Data: Arrays
+=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
=over
-=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How can I extract just the unique elements of an array?
+=over
-a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted:(this assumes all true
-values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like
-(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any
-loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive
-integers:
+=item Perl Functions by Category
-=item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?
+Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
+Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
+Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
+length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
+Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
+to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
+groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
+object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
+communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
+info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
+in perl5
-=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
-intersection of two arrays?
+=item Portability
-=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
+=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
-=item How do I handle linked lists?
-
-=item How do I handle circular lists?
-
-=item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
+I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
+NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
+binmode FILEHANDLE, DISCIPLINE, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME,
+bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE,
+chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
+chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
+connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
+dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
+EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
+each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
+exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
+FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
+fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
+getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
+NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
+NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
+ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
+getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
+getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
+STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
+endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
+getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
+goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
+import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
+FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
+last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
+link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
+lock, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST,
+mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
+msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my EXPR :
+ATTRIBUTES, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open
+FILEHANDLE,MODE,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir
+DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package
+NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos
+SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE
+FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST,
+q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR,
+quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
+FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
+readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
+ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
+require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
+DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
+rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
+DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
+semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
+SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
+WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
+shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
+shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
+EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
+SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
+sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
+splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
+/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR,
+sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR,
+study, sub BLOCK, sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr
+EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
+EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
+FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
+FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
+FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
+FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
+syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
+VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
+FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
+ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
+TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST,
+use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST,
+values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn
+LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
-=item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
+=back
-=item How do I select a random element from an array?
+=back
-=item How do I permute N elements of a list?
+=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
-=item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
+=over
-=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
+=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
-=back
+=item The Solution
-=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
+=item Syntax
=over
-=item How do I process an entire hash?
-
-=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
-it?
-
-=item How do I look up a hash element by value?
-
-=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
+=item Making References
-=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
+=item Using References
-=item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
+=back
-=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
+=item An Example
-=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
+=item Arrow Rule
-=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
+=item Solution
-=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
+=item The Rest
-=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
+=item Summary
-=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
+=item Credits
-=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
-it?
+=over
-=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
-array of hashes or arrays?
+=item Distribution Conditions
-=item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
+=back
=back
-=item Data: Misc
+=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
=over
-=item How do I handle binary data correctly?
-
-=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
+arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
+more elaborate constructs
-=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
+=item REFERENCES
-=item How do I define methods for every class/object?
+=item COMMON MISTAKES
-=item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
+=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
-=back
+=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item DEBUGGING
-=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.24 $, $Date: 1998/07/05
-15:07:20 $)
+=item CODE EXAMPLES
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
=over
-=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
-
-=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
-line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
-
-=item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
+=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
-=item How do I make a temporary file name?
+=item Generation of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
-=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
+=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF ARRAYS
-=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
-filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
+=back
-=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
+=item HASHES OF ARRAYS
-=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
+=over
-=item How can I write() into a string?
+=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
-=item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
+=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
-=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
+=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
-=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
+=back
-=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
+=item ARRAYS OF HASHES
-=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
+=over
-=item How can I open a file with a leading "E<gt>" or trailing blanks?
+=item Declaration of a ARRAY OF HASHES
-=item How can I reliably rename a file?
+=item Generation of a ARRAY OF HASHES
-=item How can I lock a file?
+=item Access and Printing of a ARRAY OF HASHES
-=item What can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
+=back
-=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
-the file. How can I do this?
+=item HASHES OF HASHES
-=item How do I randomly update a binary file?
+=over
-=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
+=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
-=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
+=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
-=item How do I print to more than one file at once?
+=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
-=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
+=back
-=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
+=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
-=item How can I tell if there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
+=over
-=item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
+=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
-=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
+=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
-=item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
+=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
-=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
-`C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
+=back
-=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
+=item Database Ties
-=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
-protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item How do I select a random line from a file?
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-
-=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexps ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 1998/07/16 14:01:07 $)
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
=over
-=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
-and unmaintainable code?
-
-Comments Outside the Regexp, Comments Inside the Regexp, Different
-Delimiters
-
-=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
-different lines?
+=item The Guide
-=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
+=over
-=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving
-case on the RHS?
+=item Simple word matching
-=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
+=item Using character classes
-=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
+\d is a digit and represents [0-9], \s is a whitespace character and
+represents [\ \t\r\n\f], \w is a word character (alphanumeric or _) and
+represents [0-9a-zA-Z_], \D is a negated \d; it represents any character
+but a digit [^0-9], \S is a negated \s; it represents any non-whitespace
+character [^\s], \W is a negated \w; it represents any non-word character
+[^\w], The period '.' matches any character but "\n"
-=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regexp?
+=item Matching this or that
-=item What is C</o> really for?
+=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
-=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
-file?
+=item Extracting matches
-=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
+=item Matching repetitions
-=item What does it mean that regexps are greedy? How can I get around it?
+C<a?> = match 'a' 1 or 0 times, C<a*> = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e.,
+any number of times, C<a+> = match 'a' 1 or more times, i.e., at least
+once, C<a{n,m}> = match at least C<n> times, but not more than C<m> times,
+C<a{n,}> = match at least C<n> or more times, C<a{n}> = match exactly C<n>
+times
-=item How do I process each word on each line?
+=item More matching
-=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
+=item Search and replace
-=item How can I do approximate matching?
+=item The split operator
-=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
+=back
-=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
+=item BUGS
-=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-=item Are Perl regexps DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
+=over
-=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
+=item Acknowledgments
-=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
+=back
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
-=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.21 $, $Date:
-1998/06/22 15:20:07 $)
+=over
=item DESCRIPTION
=over
-=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
+=item Verbatim Paragraph
-=item What are all these $@%* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
-use them?
+=item Command Paragraph
-=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
-commas?
+=item Ordinary Block of Text
-=item How do I skip some return values?
+=item The Intent
-=item How do I temporarily block warnings?
+=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
-=item What's an extension?
+=item Common Pod Pitfalls
-=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
+=back
-=item How do I declare/create a structure?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item How do I create a module?
+=item AUTHOR
-=item How do I create a class?
+=back
-=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
+=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
-=item What's a closure?
+=over
-=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
-Regexp}?
+=back
-Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexps,
-Passing Methods
+=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
-=item How do I create a static variable?
+=over
-=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
-Between local() and my()?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
-is in scope?
+=over
-=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
+=item Awk Traps
-=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
+=item C Traps
-=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
+=item Sed Traps
-=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
+=item Shell Traps
-=item How do I create a switch or case statement?
+=item Perl Traps
-=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
+=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
-=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
+Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
+Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
+Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
+Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
-=item How can I find out my current package?
+=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
-=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
+Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
+Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
+Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
-=back
+=item Parsing Traps
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
-=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.25 $, $Date: 1998/07/05
-15:07:20 $)
+=item Numerical Traps
-=item DESCRIPTION
+Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
-=over
+=item General data type traps
-=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
+(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
+(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
-=item How come exec() doesn't return?
+=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
-=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
+(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
-Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
+=item Precedence Traps
-=item How do I print something out in color?
+Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
+Precedence
-=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
+=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
-=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
+Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
+Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
+Regular Expression
-=item How do I clear the screen?
+=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
-=item How do I get the screen size?
+(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
-=item How do I ask the user for a password?
+=item OS Traps
-=item How do I read and write the serial port?
+(SysV), (SysV)
-lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
+=item Interpolation Traps
-=item How do I decode encrypted password files?
+Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
+Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
-=item How do I start a process in the background?
+=item DBM Traps
-STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
+DBM, DBM
-=item How do I trap control characters/signals?
+=item Unclassified Traps
-=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
+C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
+LIMIT specified
-=item How do I set the time and date?
+=back
-=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
+=back
-=item How can I measure time under a second?
+=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
-=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
+=over
-=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
-does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
+=over
-=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
+=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
-=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
+OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
-=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
+=item Location of Perl
-=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
+=item Command Switches
-=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
+B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
+B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
+B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
+B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
+B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
+B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>,
+B<-x> I<directory>
-=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
+=back
-=item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
+=item ENVIRONMENT
-=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
-^Z on MS-DOS)?
+HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
+(specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL,
+PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
-=item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
+=back
-=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
+=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
-=item How can I write expect in Perl?
+=over
-=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
-"ps"?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
-come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
-changes to be visible?
+=back
-Unix
+=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
-=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
-complete?
+=over
-=item How do I fork a daemon process?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How do I make my program run with sh and csh?
+=over
-=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
+=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
-=item How do I timeout a slow event?
+=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
-=item How do I set CPU limits?
+=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
-=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
+B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>
-=item How do I use an SQL database?
+=item Backward Compatibility
-=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
+=item Category Hierarchy
-=item How do I open a file without blocking?
+=item Fatal Warnings
-=item How do I install a CPAN module?
+=item Reporting Warnings from a Module
-=item What's the difference between require and use?
+=back
-=item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
+=item TODO
-=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
-search path?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
-=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 1998/06/22 18:31:09
-$)
+=over
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
+=item use strict
-=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
-Server Error)
+=item Looking at data and -w and w
-=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
+=item help
-=item How do I remove HTML from a string?
+=item Stepping through code
-=item How do I extract URLs?
+=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
-=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
-file on another machine?
+=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
-=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
+=item OUTPUT TIPS
-=item How do I fetch an HTML file?
+=item CGI
-=item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
+=item GUIs
-=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
+=item SUMMARY
-=item How do I redirect to another page?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item How do I put a password on my web pages?
+=item AUTHOR
-=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
+=item CONTRIBUTORS
-=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
-CGI script to do bad things?
+=back
-=item How do I parse a mail header?
+=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
-=item How do I decode a CGI form?
+=over
-=item How do I check a valid mail address?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
+=item The Perl Debugger
-=item How do I return the user's mail address?
+=over
-=item How do I send mail?
+=item Debugger Commands
-=item How do I read mail?
+h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
+[expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname,
+-, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]regex], t, t expr,
+b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
+[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
+command, a [line], A, W expr, W, O booloption .., O anyoption? .., O
+option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >>
+command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !!
+cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, man [manpage]
-=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
+=item Configurable Options
-=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
+C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
+C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
+C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>,
+C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>,
+C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>,
+C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>
-=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
+=item Debugger input/output
-=item How can I do RPC in Perl?
+Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
+listing
-=back
+=item Debugging compile-time statements
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item Debugger Customization
-=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
+=item Readline Support
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Editor Support for Debugging
-=item About the new versioning system
+=item The Perl Profiler
-=item Incompatible Changes
+=back
-=over
+=item Debugging regular expressions
-=item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
+=item Debugging memory usage
-=item Default installation structure has changed
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Perl Source Compatibility
+=item BUGS
-=item C Source Compatibility
+=back
-Core sources now require ANSI C compiler, Enabling threads has source
-compatibility issues
+=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
-=item Binary Compatibility
+=over
-=item Security fixes may affect compatibility
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
+=over
-=item Licensing
+=item Predefined Names
+
+$ARG, $_, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
+$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
+input_line_number HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
+input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
+autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, output_field_separator HANDLE
+EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, output_record_separator HANDLE
+EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $",
+$SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, format_page_number HANDLE
+EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR,
+$FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR,
+$FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, C<$`> is the same as
+C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0]
+- $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var, $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same
+as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2> is the same as
+C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as C<substr $var,
+$-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, format_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~,
+format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
+format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
+$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
+$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
+$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
+$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
+$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C,
+$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M,
+$OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
+0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
+$BASETIME, $^T, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS},
+${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, @_, %INC,
+%ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
+
+=item Error Indicators
+
+=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
=back
-=item Core Changes
+=item BUGS
-=over
+=back
-=item Threads
+=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
-=item Compiler
+=over
-=item Regular Expressions
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Improved malloc()
+=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
-=item Quicksort is internally implemented
+=item Growing Your Own
-=item Reliable signals
+=item Access and Printing
-=item Reliable stack pointers
+=item Slices
-=item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Pseudo-hashes are supported
+=back
-=item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
+=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
-=item Keywords can be globally overridden
+=over
-=item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
+=item Open E<agrave> la shell
-=item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
+=over
-=item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
+=item Simple Opens
-=item Better locale support
+=item Pipe Opens
-=item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
+=item The Minus File
-=item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
+=item Mixing Reads and Writes
-=item Extended support for exception handling
+=item Filters
-=item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
+=back
-=item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
+=item Open E<agrave> la C
-=item New C<INIT> keyword
+=over
-=item New C<lock> keyword
+=item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
-=item New C<qr//> operator
+=back
-=item C<our> is now a reserved word
+=item Obscure Open Tricks
-=item Tied arrays are now fully supported
+=over
-=item Tied handles support is better
+=item Re-Opening Files (dups)
-=item 4th argument to substr
+=item Dispelling the Dweomer
-=item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
+=item Paths as Opens
-=item Magic lvalues are now more magical
+=item Single Argument Open
-=item E<lt>E<gt> now reads in records
+=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
=back
-=item Supported Platforms
+=item Other I/O Issues
=over
-=item New Platforms
+=item Opening Non-File Files
-=item Changes in existing support
+=item Binary Files
+
+=item File Locking
=back
-=item Modules and Pragmata
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
=over
-=item New Modules
+=item DESCRIPTION
-B, Data::Dumper, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
-ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
-Thread, attrs, fields, re
+=item Part 1: The basics
-=item Changes in existing modules
+=over
-CGI, POSIX, DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd, Benchmark
+=item Simple word matching
+
+=item Using character classes
+
+\d is a digit and represents [0-9], \s is a whitespace character and
+represents [\ \t\r\n\f], \w is a word character (alphanumeric or _) and
+represents [0-9a-zA-Z_], \D is a negated \d; it represents any character
+but a digit [^0-9], \S is a negated \s; it represents any non-whitespace
+character [^\s], \W is a negated \w; it represents any non-word character
+[^\w], The period '.' matches any character but "\n", no modifiers (//):
+Default behavior. C<'.'> matches any character except C<"\n">. C<^>
+matches only at the beginning of the string and C<$> matches only at the
+end or before a newline at the end, s modifier (//s): Treat string as a
+single long line. C<'.'> matches any character, even C<"\n">. C<^>
+matches only at the beginning of the string and C<$> matches only at the
+end or before a newline at the end, m modifier (//m): Treat string as a set
+of multiple lines. C<'.'> matches any character except C<"\n">. C<^> and
+C<$> are able to match at the start or end of I<any> line within the
+string, both s and m modifiers (//sm): Treat string as a single long line,
+but detect multiple lines. C<'.'> matches any character, even C<"\n">.
+C<^> and C<$>, however, are able to match at the start or end of I<any>
+line within the string
+
+=item Matching this or that
+
+=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
+
+0 Start with the first letter in the string 'a', 1 Try the first
+alternative in the first group 'abd', 2 Match 'a' followed by 'b'. So far
+so good, 3 'd' in the regexp doesn't match 'c' in the string - a dead end.
+So backtrack two characters and pick the second alternative in the first
+group 'abc', 4 Match 'a' followed by 'b' followed by 'c'. We are on a roll
+and have satisfied the first group. Set $1 to 'abc', 5 Move on to the
+second group and pick the first alternative 'df', 6 Match the 'd', 7 'f' in
+the regexp doesn't match 'e' in the string, so a dead end. Backtrack one
+character and pick the second alternative in the second group 'd', 8 'd'
+matches. The second grouping is satisfied, so set $2 to 'd', 9 We are at
+the end of the regexp, so we are done! We have matched 'abcd' out of the
+string "abcde"
+
+=item Extracting matches
+
+=item Matching repetitions
+
+C<a?> = match 'a' 1 or 0 times, C<a*> = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e.,
+any number of times, C<a+> = match 'a' 1 or more times, i.e., at least
+once, C<a{n,m}> = match at least C<n> times, but not more than C<m> times,
+C<a{n,}> = match at least C<n> or more times, C<a{n}> = match exactly C<n>
+times, Principle 0: Taken as a whole, any regexp will be matched at the
+earliest possible position in the string, Principle 1: In an alternation
+C<a|b|c...>, the leftmost alternative that allows a match for the whole
+regexp will be the one used, Principle 2: The maximal matching quantifiers
+C<?>, C<*>, C<+> and C<{n,m}> will in general match as much of the string
+as possible while still allowing the whole regexp to match, Principle 3: If
+there are two or more elements in a regexp, the leftmost greedy quantifier,
+if any, will match as much of the string as possible while still allowing
+the whole regexp to match. The next leftmost greedy quantifier, if any,
+will try to match as much of the string remaining available to it as
+possible, while still allowing the whole regexp to match. And so on, until
+all the regexp elements are satisfied, C<a??> = match 'a' 0 or 1 times. Try
+0 first, then 1, C<a*?> = match 'a' 0 or more times, i.e., any number of
+times, but as few times as possible, C<a+?> = match 'a' 1 or more times,
+i.e., at least once, but as few times as possible, C<a{n,m}?> = match at
+least C<n> times, not more than C<m> times, as few times as possible,
+C<a{n,}?> = match at least C<n> times, but as few times as possible,
+C<a{n}?> = match exactly C<n> times. Because we match exactly C<n> times,
+C<a{n}?> is equivalent to C<a{n}> and is just there for notational
+consistency, Principle 3: If there are two or more elements in a regexp,
+the leftmost greedy (non-greedy) quantifier, if any, will match as much
+(little) of the string as possible while still allowing the whole regexp to
+match. The next leftmost greedy (non-greedy) quantifier, if any, will try
+to match as much (little) of the string remaining available to it as
+possible, while still allowing the whole regexp to match. And so on, until
+all the regexp elements are satisfied, 0 Start with the first letter in the
+string 't', 1 The first quantifier '.*' starts out by matching the whole
+string 'the cat in the hat', 2 'a' in the regexp element 'at' doesn't match
+the end of the string. Backtrack one character, 3 'a' in the regexp
+element 'at' still doesn't match the last letter of the string 't', so
+backtrack one more character, 4 Now we can match the 'a' and the 't', 5
+Move on to the third element '.*'. Since we are at the end of the string
+and '.*' can match 0 times, assign it the empty string, 6 We are done!
+
+=item Building a regexp
+
+specifying the task in detail,, breaking down the problem into smaller
+parts,, translating the small parts into regexps,, combining the regexps,,
+and optimizing the final combined regexp
+
+=item Using regular expressions in Perl
=back
-=item Utility Changes
-
-=item API Changes
+=item Part 2: Power tools
=over
-=item Incompatible Changes
+=item More on characters, strings, and character classes
-=item Deprecations, Extensions
+=item Compiling and saving regular expressions
-=item C++ Support
+=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
-=back
+=item Non-capturing groupings
-=item Documentation Changes
+=item Looking ahead and looking behind
-=item New Diagnostics
+=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
-Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
-while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
-package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't coerce array
-into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize
-pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available,
-Cannot find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved
-for future extensions, Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future
-extensions, Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions,
-%s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed,
-use re 'eval', %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to
-'' (assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field,
-No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during
-ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive
-inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s',
-Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to
-typeglob, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting
-locale failed
+=item Conditional expressions
-=item Obsolete Diagnostics
+=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
-Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
-temporary file
+=item Pragmas and debugging
+
+=back
=item BUGS
=item SEE ALSO
-=item HISTORY
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-=head2 perldata - Perl data types
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Acknowledgments
-=over
+=back
-=item Variable names
+=back
-=item Context
+=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
-=item Scalar values
+=over
-=item Scalar value constructors
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item List value constructors
+i, m, s, x
-=item Typeglobs and Filehandles
+=over
-=back
+=item Regular Expressions
-=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
+cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Extended Patterns
-=over
+C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
+C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
+code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
+C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
-=item Declarations
+=item Backtracking
-=item Simple statements
+=item Version 8 Regular Expressions
-=item Compound statements
+=item Warning on \1 vs $1
-=item Loop Control
+=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
-=item For Loops
+=item Combining pieces together
-=item Foreach Loops
+C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
+C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
+C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
+C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
-=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
+=item Creating custom RE engines
-=item Goto
+=back
-=item PODs: Embedded Documentation
+=item BUGS
-=item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
+=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
+
+=item NOTE
=item DESCRIPTION
=over
-=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
+=item Making References
-=item The Arrow Operator
+=item Using References
-=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
+=item Symbolic references
-=item Exponentiation
+=item Not-so-symbolic references
-=item Symbolic Unary Operators
+=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
-=item Binding Operators
+=item Function Templates
-=item Multiplicative Operators
+=back
-=item Additive Operators
+=item WARNING
-=item Shift Operators
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Named Unary Operators
+=back
-=item Relational Operators
+=head2 perlform - Perl formats
-=item Equality Operators
+=over
-=item Bitwise And
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
+=over
-=item C-style Logical And
+=item Format Variables
-=item C-style Logical Or
+=back
-=item Range Operators
+=item NOTES
-=item Conditional Operator
+=over
-=item Assignment Operators
+=item Footers
-=item Comma Operator
+=item Accessing Formatting Internals
-=item List Operators (Rightward)
+=back
-=item Logical Not
+=item WARNINGS
-=item Logical And
+=back
-=item Logical or and Exclusive Or
+=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
-=item C Operators Missing From Perl
+=over
-unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Quote and Quote-like Operators
+=over
-=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
+=item If we could talk to the animals...
-?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
-qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
-s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
-y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
+=item Introducing the method invocation arrow
-=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
+=item Invoking a barnyard
-Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
-C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
-C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<<file*globE<gt>>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
-C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
-regular expressions
+=item The extra parameter of method invocation
-=item I/O Operators
+=item Calling a second method to simplify things
-=item Constant Folding
+=item Inheriting the windpipes
-=item Bitwise String Operators
+=item A few notes about @ISA
-=item Integer Arithmetic
+=item Overriding the methods
-=item Floating-point Arithmetic
+=item Starting the search from a different place
-=item Bigger Numbers
+=item The SUPER way of doing things
-=back
+=item Where we're at so far...
-=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
+=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Invoking an instance method
-i, m, s, x
+=item Accessing the instance data
-=over
+=item How to build a horse
-=item Regular Expressions
+=item Inheriting the constructor
-C<(?#text)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>, C<(?=pattern)>,
-C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?E<lt>=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{ code })>,
-C<(?E<gt>pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>,
-C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>
+=item Making a method work with either classes or instances
-=item Backtracking
+=item Adding parameters to a method
-=item Version 8 Regular Expressions
+=item More interesting instances
-=item WARNING on \1 vs $1
+=item A horse of a different color
-=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
+=item Summary
-=item Creating custom RE engines
+=back
=item SEE ALSO
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
=back
-=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
+=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
-
-=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
+=item Creating a Class
-OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh
+=over
-=item Location of Perl
+=item Object Representation
-=item Switches
+=item Class Interface
-B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo>, B<-D>I<letters>,
-B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>,
-B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
-B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
-B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
-B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-x> I<directory>
+=item Constructors and Instance Methods
-=back
+=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
-=item ENVIRONMENT
+=item Destructors
-HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL
-(specific to WIN32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
+=item Other Object Methods
-=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Class Data
=over
-=item Perl Functions by Category
+=item Accessing Class Data
-Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
-Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
-Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
-length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
-Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
-to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
-groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
-object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
-communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
-info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
-in perl5
+=item Debugging Methods
-=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
+=item Class Destructors
-I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
-NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
-binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller,
-chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE,
-chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot,
-close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue
-BLOCK, cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen
-HASH,DBNAME,MODE, defined EXPR, defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK,
-do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof
-(), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR,
-exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno
-FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline
-PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp
-PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME,
-gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
-getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
-getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport
-PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent,
-getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN,
-setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
-endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt
-SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR,
-goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index
-STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
-FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill LIST, last
-LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link
-OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, log
-EXPR, log, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
-EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MODE, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd
-ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, my EXPR, next LABEL, next, no
-Module LIST, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendir
-DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package, package
-NAMESPACE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos,
-print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST,
-printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/,
-qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta,
-rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
-FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
-readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LEN,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
-ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR,
-reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex
-STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar
-EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select
-FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl
-ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
-SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
-WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
-shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
-shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
-EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
-SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
-sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
-splice ARRAY,OFFSET, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,
-split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR,
-srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK,
-sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LEN,REPLACEMENT, substr
-EXPR,OFFSET,LEN, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST,
-sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS,
-sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
-sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST,
-syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite
-FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
-VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
-FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
-ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
-TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module LIST, use
-Module, use Module VERSION LIST, use VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec
-EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write
-FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
+=item Documenting the Interface
=back
-=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
+=item Aggregation
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Inheritance
=over
-=item Predefined Names
+=item Overridden Methods
-$ARG, $_, $E<lt>I<digits>E<gt>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
-$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, input_line_number HANDLE
-EXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR,
-$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH,
-$|, output_field_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
-output_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\,
-$LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
-format_page_number HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
-format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
-format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, format_name HANDLE
-EXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
-format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,
-$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
-$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,
-$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,
-$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,
-$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $PERL_VERSION, $],
-$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M,
-$OSNAME, $^O, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, $^R, $^S,
-$BASETIME, $^T, $WARNING, $^W, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, $ARGV, @ARGV, @INC,
-@_, %INC, %ENV $ENV{expr}, %SIG $SIG{expr}
+=item Multiple Inheritance
-=item Error Indicators
+=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
=back
-=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
+=item Alternate Object Representations
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Arrays as Objects
-=over
+=item Closures as Objects
-=item Private Variables via C<my()>
+=back
-=item Peristent Private Variables
+=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
-=item Temporary Values via local()
+=over
-=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
+=item Autoloaded Data Methods
-=item When to Still Use local()
+=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
-1. You need to give a global variable a temporary value, especially C<$_>,
-2. You need to create a local file or directory handle or a local function,
-3. You want to temporarily change just one element of an array or hash
+=back
-=item Pass by Reference
+=item Metaclassical Tools
-=item Prototypes
+=over
-=item Constant Functions
+=item Class::Struct
+
+=item Data Members as Variables
-=item Overriding Builtin Functions
+=item NOTES
-=item Autoloading
+=item Object Terminology
=back
=item SEE ALSO
-=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item COPYRIGHT
=over
-=item Packages
-
-=item Symbol Tables
-
-=item Package Constructors and Destructors
-
-=item Perl Classes
+=item Acknowledgments
-=item Perl Modules
+=back
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 perltootc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
-=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
+=over
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
+=item Class Data as Package Variables
=over
-=item Pragmatic Modules
+=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
-use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), blib, diagnostics, integer, less,
-lib, locale, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, strict, subs, vmsish, vars
+=item Inheritance Concerns
-=item Standard Modules
+=item The Eponymous Meta-Object
-AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, Benchmark, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime,
-CPAN::Nox, Carp, Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber,
-DirHandle, DynaLoader, English, Env, Exporter, ExtUtils::Embed,
-ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix,
-ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
-ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal,
-Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy,
-File::Find, File::Path, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin,
-GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IO, IO::File,
-IO::Handle, IO::Pipe, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IPC::Open2,
-IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig,
-NDBM_File, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent,
-Net::servent, Opcode, Pod::Text, POSIX, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict,
-SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog,
-Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev,
-Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Tie::Hash,
-Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
-Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent
+=item Indirect References to Class Data
-=item Extension Modules
+=item Monadic Classes
+
+=item Translucent Attributes
=back
-=item CPAN
+=item Class Data as Lexical Variables
-Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating
+=over
+
+=item Privacy and Responsibility
+
+=item File-Scoped Lexicals
+
+=item More Inheritance Concerns
+
+=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
+
+=item Translucency Revisited
+
+=back
+
+=item NOTES
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlobj - Perl objects
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item An Object is Simply a Reference
+
+=item A Class is Simply a Package
+
+=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
+
+=item Method Invocation
+
+=item WARNING
+
+=item Default UNIVERSAL methods
+
+isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
+
+=item Destructors
+
+=item Summary
+
+=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OO SCALING TIPS
+
+=item INSTANCE VARIABLES
+
+=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
+
+=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
+
+=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
+
+=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
+
+=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
+
+=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
+
+=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
+
+=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
+
+=item DELEGATION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Tying Scalars
+
+TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
+
+=item Tying Arrays
+
+TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
+DESTROY this
+
+=item Tying Hashes
+
+USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
+this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
+this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this
+
+=item Tying FileHandles
+
+TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
+LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, DESTROY this
+
+=item The C<untie> Gotcha
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
+safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Signals
+
+=item Named Pipes
+
+=over
+
+=item WARNING
+
+=back
+
+=item Using open() for IPC
+
+=over
+
+=item Filehandles
+
+=item Background Processes
+
+=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
+
+=item Safe Pipe Opens
+
+=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
+
+=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
+
+=back
+
+=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
+
+=over
+
+=item Internet Line Terminators
+
+=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
+
+=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
+
+=back
+
+=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
+
+=over
+
+=item A Simple Client
+
+C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
+
+=item A Webget Client
+
+=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
+
+=back
+
+=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
+
+Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
+
+=item UDP: Message Passing
+
+=item SysV IPC
+
+=item NOTES
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
+
+$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
+filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
+files, directories and network sockets
+
+=item Resource limits
+
+=item Killing the parent process
+
+=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
+
+=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
+
+BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
+Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
+application, Thread-safety of extensions
+
+=back
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Storing numbers
+
+=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
+
+=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
+
+Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
+C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
+integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
+string
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item What Is A Thread Anyway?
+
+=item Threaded Program Models
+
+=over
+
+=item Boss/Worker
+
+=item Work Crew
+
+=item Pipeline
+
+=back
+
+=item Native threads
+
+=item What kind of threads are perl threads?
+
+=item Threadsafe Modules
+
+=item Thread Basics
+
+=over
+
+=item Basic Thread Support
+
+=item Creating Threads
+
+=item Giving up control
+
+=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
+
+=item Errors In Threads
+
+=item Ignoring A Thread
+
+=back
+
+=item Threads And Data
+
+=over
+
+=item Shared And Unshared Data
+
+=item Thread Pitfall: Races
+
+=item Controlling access: lock()
+
+=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
+
+=item Queues: Passing Data Around
+
+=back
+
+=item Threads And Code
+
+=over
+
+=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
+
+Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
+
+=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
+
+=item Subroutine Locks
+
+=item Methods
+
+=item Locking A Subroutine
+
+=back
+
+=item General Thread Utility Routines
+
+=over
+
+=item What Thread Am I In?
+
+=item Thread IDs
+
+=item Are These Threads The Same?
+
+=item What Threads Are Running?
+
+=back
+
+=item A Complete Example
+
+=item Conclusion
+
+=item Bibliography
+
+=over
+
+=item Introductory Texts
+
+=item OS-Related References
+
+=item Other References
+
+=back
+
+=item Acknowledgements
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item Copyrights
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
+portable
+
+=item ISSUES
+
+=over
+
+=item Newlines
+
+=item Numbers endianness and Width
+
+=item Files and Filesystems
+
+=item System Interaction
+
+=item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
+
+=item External Subroutines (XS)
+
+=item Standard Modules
+
+=item Time and Date
+
+=item Character sets and character encoding
+
+=item Internationalisation
+
+=item System Resources
+
+=item Security
+
+=item Style
+
+=back
+
+=item CPAN Testers
+
+Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
+http://testers.cpan.org/
+
+=item PLATFORMS
+
+=over
+
+=item Unix
+
+=item DOS and Derivatives
+
+Build instructions for OS/2, L<perlos2>
+
+=item S<Mac OS>
+
+=item VMS
+
+=item VOS
+
+=item EBCDIC Platforms
+
+=item Acorn RISC OS
+
+=item Other perls
+
+=back
+
+=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
+
+=over
+
+=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
+
+-I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
+FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
+PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
+LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork,
+getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME,
+getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr
+ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent,
+getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent,
+setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN,
+setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent,
+endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob,
+ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE,
+lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS,
+msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR,
+open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink,
+select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
+KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
+setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
+SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
+shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair
+SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat,
+symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
+FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
+FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
+wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
+
+=back
+
+=item CHANGES
+
+v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999,
+v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May
+1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December
+1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August
+1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998,
+v1.23, 10 July 1998
+
+=item Supported Platforms
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
+
+=item VERSION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
+localization)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
+
+=item USING LOCALES
+
+=over
+
+=item The use locale pragma
+
+=item The setlocale function
+
+=item Finding locales
+
+=item LOCALE PROBLEMS
+
+=item Temporarily fixing locale problems
+
+=item Permanently fixing locale problems
+
+=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
+
+=item Fixing system locale configuration
+
+=item The localeconv function
+
+=back
+
+=item LOCALE CATEGORIES
+
+=over
+
+=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
+
+=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
+
+=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
+
+=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
+
+=item LC_TIME
+
+=item Other categories
+
+=back
+
+=item SECURITY
+
+B<Comparison operators> (C<lt>, C<le>, C<ge>, C<gt> and C<cmp>):,
+B<Case-mapping interpolation> (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>),
+B<Matching operator> (C<m//>):, B<Substitution operator> (C<s///>):,
+B<Output formatting functions> (printf() and write()):, B<Case-mapping
+functions> (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B<POSIX locale-dependent
+functions> (localeconv(), strcoll(), strftime(), strxfrm()):, B<POSIX
+character class tests> (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(), isgraph(),
+islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(), isxdigit()):
+
+=item ENVIRONMENT
+
+PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
+LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
+
+=item NOTES
+
+=over
+
+=item Backward compatibility
+
+=item I18N:Collate obsolete
+
+=item Sort speed and memory use impacts
+
+=item write() and LC_NUMERIC
+
+=item Freely available locale definitions
+
+=item I18n and l10n
+
+=item An imperfect standard
+
+=back
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=over
+
+=item Broken systems
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Important Caveat
+
+Input and Output Disciplines, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed
+to enable a few features
+
+=item Byte and Character semantics
+
+=item Effects of character semantics
+
+=item Character encodings for input and output
+
+=back
+
+=item CAVEATS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
+
+=over
+
+=item ASCII
+
+=item ISO 8859
+
+=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
+
+=item EBCDIC
+
+=item 13 variant characters
+
+=item 0037
+
+=item 1047
+
+=item POSIX-BC
+
+=back
+
+=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
+
+recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4
+
+=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
+
+=item CONVERSIONS
+
+=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
+
+=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
+
+chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
+
+=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
+
+=item SOCKETS
+
+=item SORTING
+
+=over
+
+=item Ignore ASCII vs EBCDIC sort differences.
+
+=item MONOCASE then sort data.
+
+=item Convert, sort data, then reconvert.
+
+=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
+
+=back
+
+=item URL ENCODING and DECODING
+
+=item I18N AND L10N
+
+=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
+
+=item OS ISSUES
+
+=over
+
+=item OS/400
+
+IFS access
+
+=item OS/390
+
+dataset access, locales
+
+=item VM/ESA?
+
+=item POSIX-BC?
+
+=back
+
+=item REFERENCES
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlsec - Perl security
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
+
+=item Switches On the "#!" Line
+
+=item Cleaning Up Your Path
+
+=item Security Bugs
+
+=item Protecting Your Programs
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Packages
+
+=item Symbol Tables
+
+=item Package Constructors and Destructors
+
+=item Perl Classes
+
+=item Perl Modules
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
+
+=over
+
+=item Pragmatic Modules
+
+attributes, attrs, autouse, base, blib, bytes, charnames, constant,
+diagnostics, fields, filetest, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops,
+overload, re, sigtrap, strict, subs, utf8, vars, warnings
+
+=item Standard Modules
+
+AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock,
+B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint,
+B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI,
+CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push,
+CGI::Switch, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy,
+Class::Struct, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, DirHandle, Dumpvalue,
+English, Env, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command,
+ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist,
+ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS,
+ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
+ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist,
+ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
+File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path,
+File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2,
+File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp,
+File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std,
+I18N::Collate, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
+Math::Complex, Math::Trig, NDBM_File, Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent,
+Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find,
+Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
+Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Termcap,
+Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell,
+Socket, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine,
+Test, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex,
+Text::Wrap, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar,
+Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm,
+UNIVERSAL, User::grent, User::pwent
+
+=item Extension Modules
+
+=back
+
+=item CPAN
+
+Language Extensions and Documentation Tools, Development Support, Operating
System Interfaces, Networking, Device Control (modems) and InterProcess
Communication, Data Types and Data Type Utilities, Database Interfaces,
User Interfaces, Interfaces to / Emulations of Other Programming Languages,
Archiving and Compression, Images, Pixmap and Bitmap Manipulation, Drawing,
and Graphing, Mail and Usenet News, Control Flow Utilities (callbacks and
exceptions etc), File Handle and Input/Output Stream Utilities,
-Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe, North America,
-South America
+Miscellaneous Modules, Africa, Asia, Australasia, Central America, Europe,
+North America, South America
+
+=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
+
+=over
+
+=item Guidelines for Module Creation
+
+Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new
+module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select
+what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?,
+README and other Additional Files, A description of the
+module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites
+- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to
+Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release,
+especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in
+the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a
+version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take
+care when changing a released module
+
+=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
+
+There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications,
+Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started,
+Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from '
+to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes
+
+=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
+
+Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many
+applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the
+reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity
+to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application'
+can then be reduced to a small
+
+=back
+
+=item NOTE
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item PREAMBLE
+
+B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
+module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
+
+=back
+
+=item PORTABILITY
+
+=item HEY
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Warning
+
+=item What should I make into a module?
+
+=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
+
+Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
+
+=item Step-by-step: Making the module
+
+Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
+L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
+documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
+
+=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
+
+Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
+tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.23 $, $Date:
+1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item What is Perl?
+
+=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
+
+=item Which version of Perl should I use?
+
+=item What are perl4 and perl5?
+
+=item What is perl6?
+
+=item How stable is Perl?
+
+=item Is Perl difficult to learn?
+
+=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
+Scheme, or Tcl?
+
+=item Can I do [task] in Perl?
+
+=item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
+
+=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
+
+=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
+
+=item What is a JAPH?
+
+=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
+
+=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
+(5/5.005/Perl instead of some other language)?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.32 $,
+$Date: 1999/10/14 18:46:09 $)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
+
+=item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
+
+=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
+
+=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
+don't work.
+
+=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
+loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
+
+=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
+What does CPAN/src/... mean?
+
+=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
+
+=item Where can I get information on Perl?
+
+=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
+
+=item Where should I post source code?
+
+=item Perl Books
+
+References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
+
+=item Perl in Magazines
+
+=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
+
+=item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
+
+=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
+
+=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
+
+=item Where do I send bug reports?
+
+=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
+16:08:30 $)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item How do I do (anything)?
+
+=item How can I use Perl interactively?
+
+=item Is there a Perl shell?
+
+=item How do I debug my Perl programs?
+
+=item How do I profile my Perl programs?
+
+=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
+
+=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
+
+=item Is there a ctags for Perl?
+
+=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
+
+=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
+
+=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
+
+=item How can I use curses with Perl?
+
+=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
+
+=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
+
+=item What is undump?
+
+=item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
+
+=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
+
+=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
+
+=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
+
+=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
+
+=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
+
+=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
+
+=item How can I compile Perl into Java?
+
+=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
+
+=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
+
+=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
+
+=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
+
+=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
+
+=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
+
+=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
+my C program, what am I doing wrong?
+
+=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
+mean?
+
+=item What's MakeMaker?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.49 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
+20:37:49 $)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Data: Numbers
+
+=over
+
+=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
+numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
+
+=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
+
+=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
+Trig functions?
+
+=item How do I convert bits into ints?
+
+=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
+
+=item How do I multiply matrices?
+
+=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
+
+=item How can I output Roman numerals?
+
+=item Why aren't my random numbers random?
+
+=back
+
+=item Data: Dates
+
+=over
+
+=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
+
+=item How do I find the current century or millennium?
+
+=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
+
+=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
+
+=item How can I find the Julian Day?
+
+=item How do I find yesterday's date?
+
+=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
+
+=back
+
+=item Data: Strings
+
+=over
+
+=item How do I validate input?
+
+=item How do I unescape a string?
+
+=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
+
+=item How do I expand function calls in a string?
+
+=item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
+
+=item How do I reverse a string?
+
+=item How do I expand tabs in a string?
+
+=item How do I reformat a paragraph?
+
+=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
+
+=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
+
+=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
+string?
+
+=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
+
+=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
+[character]? (Comma-separated files)
+
+=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
+
+=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
+
+=item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
+
+=item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
+
+=item How can I expand variables in text strings?
+
+=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
+
+=item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
+
+1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
+a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
+the tag
+
+=back
+
+=item Data: Arrays
+
+=over
+
+=item What is the difference between a list and an array?
+
+=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
+
+=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
+
+a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted: (this assumes all true
+values in the array), b) If you don't know whether @in is sorted:, c) Like
+(b), but @in contains only small integers:, d) A way to do (b) without any
+loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @in contains only small positive
+integers:
+
+=item How can I tell whether a list or array contains a certain element?
+
+=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
+intersection of two arrays?
+
+=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
+
+=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
+
+=item How do I handle linked lists?
+
+=item How do I handle circular lists?
+
+=item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
+
+=item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
+
+=item How do I select a random element from an array?
+
+=item How do I permute N elements of a list?
+
+=item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
+
+=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
+
+=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
+
+=back
+
+=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
+
+=over
+
+=item How do I process an entire hash?
+
+=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
+it?
+
+=item How do I look up a hash element by value?
+
+=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
+
+=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
+
+=item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
+
+=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
+
+=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
+
+=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
+
+=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
+
+=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
+
+=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
+
+=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
+it?
+
+=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
+array of hashes or arrays?
+
+=item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
+
+=back
+
+=item Data: Misc
+
+=over
+
+=item How do I handle binary data correctly?
+
+=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
+
+=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
+
+=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
+
+=item How do I define methods for every class/object?
+
+=item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
+
+=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
+16:08:30 $)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
+
+=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
+line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
+
+=item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
+
+=item How do I make a temporary file name?
+
+=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
+
+=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
+filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
+
+=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
+
+=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
+
+=item How can I write() into a string?
+
+=item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
+
+=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
+
+=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
+
+=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
+
+=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
+
+=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
+
+=item How can I reliably rename a file?
+
+=item How can I lock a file?
+
+=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
+
+=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
+the file. How can I do this?
+
+=item How do I randomly update a binary file?
+
+=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
+
+=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
+
+=item How do I print to more than one file at once?
+
+=item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
+
+=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
+
+=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
+
+=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
+
+=item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
+
+=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
+
+=item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
+
+=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't
+`C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
+
+=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
+
+=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
+protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
+
+=item How do I select a random line from a file?
+
+=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq6 - Regexes ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30 $)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
+and unmaintainable code?
+
+Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
+
+=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
+
+=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
+different lines?
+
+=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
+
+=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving
+case on the RHS?
+
+=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
+
+=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
+
+=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
+
+=item What is C</o> really for?
+
+=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
+file?
+
+=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
+
+=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
+
+=item How do I process each word on each line?
+
+=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
+
+=item How can I do approximate matching?
+
+=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
+
+=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
+
+=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
+
+=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
+
+=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
+
+=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
+
+=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
+
+=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
+1999/05/23 20:36:18 $)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
+
+=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
+use them?
+
+=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
+commas?
+
+=item How do I skip some return values?
+
+=item How do I temporarily block warnings?
+
+=item What's an extension?
+
+=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
+
+=item How do I declare/create a structure?
+
+=item How do I create a module?
+
+=item How do I create a class?
+
+=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
+
+=item What's a closure?
+
+=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
+
+=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
+Regex}?
+
+Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
+Passing Methods
+
+=item How do I create a static variable?
+
+=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
+Between local() and my()?
+
+=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
+is in scope?
+
+=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
+
+=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
+
+=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
+
+=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
+
+=item How do I create a switch or case statement?
+
+=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
+
+=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
+
+=item How can I find out my current package?
+
+=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
+
+=item How do I clear a package?
+
+=item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date: 1999/05/23
+18:37:57 $)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
+
+=item How come exec() doesn't return?
+
+=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
+
+Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
+
+=item How do I print something out in color?
+
+=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
+
+=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
+
+=item How do I clear the screen?
+
+=item How do I get the screen size?
+
+=item How do I ask the user for a password?
+
+=item How do I read and write the serial port?
+
+lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
+
+=item How do I decode encrypted password files?
+
+=item How do I start a process in the background?
+
+STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
+
+=item How do I trap control characters/signals?
+
+=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
+
+=item How do I set the time and date?
+
+=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
+
+=item How can I measure time under a second?
+
+=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
+
+=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
+does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
+
+=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
+
+=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
+
+=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
+
+=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
+
+=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
+
+=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
+
+=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
+
+=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
+
+=item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
+
+=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
+^Z on MS-DOS)?
+
+=item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
+
+=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
+
+=item How can I write expect in Perl?
+
+=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
+"ps"?
+
+=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
+come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
+changes to be visible?
+
+Unix
+
+=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
+complete?
+
+=item How do I fork a daemon process?
+
+=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
+
+=item How do I timeout a slow event?
+
+=item How do I set CPU limits?
+
+=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
+
+=item How do I use an SQL database?
+
+=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
+
+=item How do I open a file without blocking?
+
+=item How do I install a module from CPAN?
+
+=item What's the difference between require and use?
+
+=item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
+
+=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
+search path?
+
+=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
+
+=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 1999/05/23 16:08:30
+$)
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
+Server Error)
+
+=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
+
+=item How do I remove HTML from a string?
+
+=item How do I extract URLs?
+
+=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
+file on another machine?
+
+=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
+
+=item How do I fetch an HTML file?
+
+=item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
+
+=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
+
+=item How do I redirect to another page?
+
+=item How do I put a password on my web pages?
+
+=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
+
+=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
+CGI script to do bad things?
+
+=item How do I parse a mail header?
+
+=item How do I decode a CGI form?
+
+=item How do I check a valid mail address?
+
+=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
+
+=item How do I return the user's mail address?
+
+=item How do I send mail?
+
+=item How do I read mail?
+
+=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
+
+=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
+
+=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
+
+=item How can I do RPC in Perl?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Layout
+
+B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
+
+=back
+
+=item Using The Back Ends
+
+=over
+
+=item The Cross Referencing Back End
+
+i, &, s, r
+
+=item The Decompiling Back End
+
+=item The Lint Back End
+
+=item The Simple C Back End
+
+=item The Bytecode Back End
+
+=item The Optimized C Back End
+
+B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
+B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
+B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
+
+=back
+
+=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item PREAMBLE
+
+B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
+Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
+
+=item ROADMAP
+
+=item Compiling your C program
+
+=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
+
+=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
+
+=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
+
+=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
+
+=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
+
+=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
+
+=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
+
+=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
+program
+
+=back
+
+=item Embedding Perl under Windows
+
+=item MORAL
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Debugger Internals
+
+=over
+
+=item Writing Your Own Debugger
+
+=back
+
+=item Frame Listing Output Examples
+
+=item Debugging regular expressions
+
+=over
+
+=item Compile-time output
+
+C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
+I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
+I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
+C<anchored(TYPE)>
+
+=item Types of nodes
+
+=item Run-time output
+
+=back
+
+=item Debugging Perl memory usage
+
+=over
+
+=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
+
+C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
+SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
+6144>
+
+=item Example of using B<-DL> switch
+
+C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
+
+=item B<-DL> details
+
+C<!!!>, C<!!>, C<!>
+
+=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SPECIAL NOTES
+
+=over
+
+=item make
+
+=item Version caveat
+
+=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
+
+=back
+
+=item TUTORIAL
+
+=over
+
+=item EXAMPLE 1
+
+=item EXAMPLE 2
+
+=item What has gone on?
+
+=item Writing good test scripts
+
+=item EXAMPLE 3
+
+=item What's new here?
+
+=item Input and Output Parameters
+
+=item The XSUBPP Program
+
+=item The TYPEMAP file
+
+=item Warning about Output Arguments
+
+=item EXAMPLE 4
+
+=item What has happened here?
+
+=item Anatomy of .xs file
+
+=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
+
+=item More about XSUB arguments
+
+=item The Argument Stack
+
+=item Extending your Extension
+
+=item Documenting your Extension
+
+=item Installing your Extension
+
+=item EXAMPLE 5
+
+=item New Things in this Example
+
+=item EXAMPLE 6
+
+=item New Things in this Example
+
+=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
+
+=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
+
+=item EXAMPLE 9 (Coming Soon)
+
+=item Troubleshooting these Examples
+
+=back
+
+=item See also
+
+=item Author
+
+=over
+
+=item Last Changed
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Introduction
+
+=item On The Road
+
+=item The Anatomy of an XSUB
+
+=item The Argument Stack
+
+=item The RETVAL Variable
+
+=item The MODULE Keyword
+
+=item The PACKAGE Keyword
+
+=item The PREFIX Keyword
+
+=item The OUTPUT: Keyword
+
+=item The CODE: Keyword
+
+=item The INIT: Keyword
+
+=item The NO_INIT Keyword
+
+=item Initializing Function Parameters
+
+=item Default Parameter Values
+
+=item The PREINIT: Keyword
+
+=item The SCOPE: Keyword
+
+=item The INPUT: Keyword
+
+=item Variable-length Parameter Lists
+
+=item The C_ARGS: Keyword
+
+=item The PPCODE: Keyword
+
+=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
+
+=item The REQUIRE: Keyword
+
+=item The CLEANUP: Keyword
+
+=item The BOOT: Keyword
+
+=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
+
+=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
+
+=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
+
+=item The ALIAS: Keyword
+
+=item The INTERFACE: Keyword
+
+=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
+
+=item The INCLUDE: Keyword
+
+=item The CASE: Keyword
+
+=item The & Unary Operator
+
+=item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
+
+=item Using XS With C++
+
+=item Interface Strategy
+
+=item Perl Objects And C Structures
+
+=item The Typemap
+
+=back
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item XS VERSION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Variables
+
+=over
+
+=item Datatypes
+
+=item What is an "IV"?
+
+=item Working with SVs
+
+=item What's Really Stored in an SV?
+
+=item Working with AVs
+
+=item Working with HVs
+
+=item Hash API Extensions
+
+=item References
+
+=item Blessed References and Class Objects
+
+=item Creating New Variables
+
+=item Reference Counts and Mortality
+
+=item Stashes and Globs
+
+=item Double-Typed SVs
+
+=item Magic Variables
+
+=item Assigning Magic
+
+=item Magic Virtual Tables
+
+=item Finding Magic
+
+=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
+
+=item Localizing changes
+
+C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
+C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP
+*op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char
+*key, I32 length)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void
+*p)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>,
+C<SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV
+*gv)>, C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32
+maxsarg)>, C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>,
+C<void save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
+
+=back
+
+=item Subroutines
+
+=over
+
+=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
+
+=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
+
+=item Memory Allocation
+
+=item PerlIO
+
+=item Putting a C value on Perl stack
+
+=item Scratchpads
+
+=item Scratchpads and recursion
+
+=back
+
+=item Compiled code
+
+=over
+
+=item Code tree
+
+=item Examining the tree
+
+=item Compile pass 1: check routines
+
+=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
+
+=item Compile pass 2: context propagation
+
+=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
+
+=back
+
+=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
+
+=over
+
+=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
+
+=item How do I use all this in extensions?
+
+=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
+
+=back
+
+=item Internal Functions
+
+A, p, d, s, n, r, f, m, o, j, x
+
+=over
+
+=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
+
+=item Source Documentation
+
+=back
+
+=item Unicode Support
+
+=over
+
+=item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
+
+=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
+
+=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
+
+=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
+
+=item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
+
+=item Is there anything else I need to know?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
+
+=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
+
+call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
+
+=item FLAG VALUES
+
+=over
+
+=item G_VOID
+
+=item G_SCALAR
+
+=item G_ARRAY
+
+=item G_DISCARD
+
+=item G_NOARGS
+
+=item G_EVAL
+
+=item G_KEEPERR
+
+=item Determining the Context
+
+=back
+
+=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=over
+
+=item No Parameters, Nothing returned
+
+=item Passing Parameters
+
+=item Returning a Scalar
+
+=item Returning a list of values
+
+=item Returning a list in a scalar context
+
+=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
+
+=item Using G_EVAL
+
+=item Using G_KEEPERR
+
+=item Using call_sv
+
+=item Using call_argv
+
+=item Using call_method
+
+=item Using GIMME_V
+
+=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
+
+=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
+
+1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
+callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
+callback
+
+=item Alternate Stack Manipulation
+
+=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item DATE
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item DOCUMENTATION
+
+L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
+L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
+L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
+L<roffitall|roffitall>
+
+=item CONVERTORS
+
+L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
+
+=item Development
+
+L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
+L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item CONCEPTS
+
+=item USING FILTERS
+
+=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
+
+=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
+
+B<Decryption Filters>
+
+=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
+
+=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
+
+=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
+
+=item CONCLUSION
+
+=item REQUIREMENTS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item Copyrights
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
+B<filter_fetch_value>
+
+=over
+
+=item The Filter
+
+=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
+
+=item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
+av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
+bytes_to_utf8, call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, CLASS, Copy,
+croak, CvSTASH, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32, ENTER, eval_pv,
+eval_sv, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, get_av, get_cv, get_hv,
+get_sv, GIMME, GIMME_V, GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod,
+gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD,
+G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV,
+HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete,
+hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
+hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
+hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA,
+isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number,
+MARK, mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical,
+mg_set, Move, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc,
+NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv,
+newSVuv, newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv,
+ORIGMARK, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse,
+perl_run, PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_modglobal,
+PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPs,
+PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc,
+require_pv, RETVAL, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST,
+strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, StructCopy,
+SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_off,
+SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off,
+SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK,
+SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPV, SvPVX, SvPV_force,
+SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off,
+SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
+SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, svtype, SvTYPE, SVt_IV,
+SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SvUPGRADE, SvUV,
+SvUVX, sv_2mortal, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn,
+sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear,
+sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_free, sv_gets,
+sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_len, sv_len_utf8,
+sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvutf8n_force,
+sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv,
+sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg,
+sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv,
+sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg,
+sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
+sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_vcatpvfn,
+sv_vsetpvfn, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, U8 *s, utf8_to_bytes, warn, XPUSHi,
+XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV,
+XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES,
+XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION,
+XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK, Zero
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
+ Perl functions
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+is_gv_magical
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+B<PerlIO *>, B<PerlIO_stdin()>, B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>,
+B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>, B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>,
+B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
+B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
+B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
+B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_tell(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_seek(f,o,w)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
+B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>
+
+=over
+
+=item Co-existence with stdio
+
+B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
+B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>, B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Infrastructure
+
+=over
+
+=item Mailing list archives
+
+=item Bug tracking system
+
+=item Regression Tests
+
+Coverage, Regression, __DIE__, suidperl, The 25% slowdown from perl4 to
+perl5
+
+=back
+
+=item Configure
+
+=over
+
+=item Install HTML
+
+=back
+
+=item Perl Language
+
+=over
+
+=item our ($var)
+
+=item 64-bit Perl
+
+=item Prototypes
+
+Named prototypes, Indirect objects, Method calls, Context, Scoped subs
+
+=back
+
+=item Perl Internals
+
+=over
+
+=item magic_setisa
+
+=item Garbage Collection
+
+=item Reliable signals
+
+Alternate runops() for signal despatch, Figure out how to die() in delayed
+sighandler, Add tests for Thread::Signal, Automatic tests against CPAN
+
+=item Interpolated regex performance bugs
+
+=item Memory leaks from failed eval/regcomp
+
+=item Make XS easier to use
+
+=item Make embedded Perl easier to use
+
+=item Namespace cleanup
+
+=item MULTIPLICITY
+
+=item MacPerl
+
+=back
+
+=item Documentation
+
+=over
+
+=item A clear division into tutorial and reference
+
+=item Remove the artificial distinction between operators and functions
+
+=item More tutorials
+
+Regular expressions, I/O, pack/unpack, Debugging
+
+=item Include a search tool
+
+=item Include a locate tool
+
+=item Separate function manpages by default
+
+=item Users can't find the manpages
+
+=item Install ALL Documentation
+
+=item Outstanding issues to be documented
+
+=item Adapt www.linuxhq.com for Perl
+
+=item Replace man with a perl program
+
+=item Unicode tutorial
+
+=back
+
+=item Modules
+
+=over
+
+=item Update the POSIX extension to conform with the POSIX 1003.1 Edition 2
+
+=item Module versions
+
+=item New modules
+
+=item Profiler
+
+=item Tie Modules
+
+VecArray, SubstrArray, VirtualArray, ShiftSplice
+
+=item Procedural options
+
+=item RPC
+
+=item y2k localtime/gmtime
+
+=item Export File::Find variables
+
+=item Ioctl
+
+=item Debugger attach/detach
+
+=item Regular Expression debugger
+
+=item Alternative RE Syntax
+
+=item Bundled modules
+
+=item Expect
+
+=item GUI::Native
+
+=item Update semibroken auxiliary tools; h2ph, a2p, etc.
+
+=item POD Converters
+
+=item pod2html
+
+=item Podchecker
+
+=back
+
+=item Tom's Wishes
+
+=over
+
+=item Webperl
+
+=item Mobile agents
+
+=item POSIX on non-POSIX
+
+=item Portable installations
+
+=back
+
+=item Win32 Stuff
+
+=over
+
+=item Rename new headers to be consistent with the rest
+
+=item Sort out the spawnvp() mess
+
+=item Work out DLL versioning
+
+=item Style-check
+
+=back
+
+=item Would be nice to have
+
+C<pack "(stuff)*">, Contiguous bitfields in pack/unpack, lexperl, Bundled
+perl preprocessor, Use posix calls internally where possible, format
+BOTTOM, -i rename file only when successfully changed, All ARGV input
+should act like <>, report HANDLE [formats], support in perlmain to rerun
+debugger, lvalue functions
+
+=item Possible pragmas
+
+=over
+
+=item 'less'
+
+=back
+
+=item Optimizations
+
+=over
+
+=item constant function cache
+
+=item foreach(reverse...)
+
+=item Cache eval tree
+
+=item rcatmaybe
+
+=item Shrink opcode tables
+
+=item Cache hash value
+
+=item Optimize away @_ where possible
+
+=item Optimize sort by { $a <=> $b }
+
+=item Rewrite regexp parser for better integrated optimization
+
+=back
+
+=item Vague possibilities
+
+ref function in list context, make tr/// return histogram in list context?,
+Loop control on do{} et al, Explicit switch statements, compile to real
+threaded code, structured types, Modifiable $1 et al
+
+=item To Do Or Not To Do
+
+=over
+
+=item Making my() work on "package" variables
+
+=item "or" testing defined not truth
+
+=item "dynamic" lexicals
+
+=item "class"-based, rather than package-based "lexicals"
+
+=back
+
+=item Threading
+
+=over
+
+=item Modules
+
+=item Testing
+
+=item $AUTOLOAD
+
+=item exit/die
+
+=item External threads
+
+=item Thread::Pool
+
+=item thread-safety
+
+=item Per-thread GVs
+
+=back
+
+=item Compiler
+
+=over
+
+=item Optimization
+
+=item Byteperl
+
+=item Precompiled modules
+
+=item Executables
+
+=item Typed lexicals
+
+=item Win32
+
+=item END blocks
+
+=item _AUTOLOAD
+
+=item comppadlist
+
+=item Cached compilation
+
+=back
+
+=item Recently Finished Tasks
+
+=over
+
+=item Figure a way out of $^(capital letter)
+
+=item Filenames
+
+=item Foreign lines
+
+=item Namespace cleanup
+
+=item ISA.pm
+
+=item gettimeofday
+
+=item autocroak?
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
+implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
+the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
+it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
+the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is there enough
+documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
+work?, Patches speak louder than words, L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and
+L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>, F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
+
+=over
+
+=item Finding Your Way Around
+
+Core modules, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
+
+=item Elements of the interpreter
+
+Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
+
+=item Internal Variable Types
+
+=item Op Trees
+
+=item Stacks
+
+Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
+
+=item Millions of Macros
+
+=item Poking at Perl
+
+=item Using a source-level debugger
+
+run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
+finish, print
+
+=item Dumping Perl Data Structures
+
+=item Patching
+
+=item CONCLUSION
+
+I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item INTRODUCTION
+
+=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
+
+=over
+
+=item PUMPKIN?
+
+=back
+
+=item THE RECORDS
+
+=over
+
+=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
+
+=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
+
+=back
+
+=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perldelta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Security Vulnerability Closed
+
+=item Incompatible Changes
+
+=item Core Enhancements
+
+=item Modules and Pragmata
+
+=over
+
+=item New Modules
+
+=item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
+
+=back
+
+=item Utility Changes
+
+=item New Documentation
+
+=item Performance Enhancements
+
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
+
+=over
+
+=item Generic Improvements
+
+=back
+
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
+
+sort() arguments are now compiled in the right wantarray context (they were
+accidentally using the context of the sort() itself)
+
+=over
+
+=item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
+
+=back
+
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
+
+=item Changed Internals
+
+=item Known Problems
+
+=over
+
+=item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
+
+=item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
+
+=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
+
+In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s
+
+=back
+
+=item Reporting Bugs
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perl56delta, perldelta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Core Enhancements
+
+=over
+
+=item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
+
+=item Lexically scoped warning categories
+
+=item Unicode and UTF-8 support
+
+=item Support for interpolating named characters
+
+=item "our" declarations
+
+=item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
+
+=item Improved Perl version numbering system
+
+=item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
+
+=item File and directory handles can be autovivified
+
+=item open() with more than two arguments
+
+=item 64-bit support
+
+=item Large file support
+
+=item Long doubles
+
+=item "more bits"
+
+=item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
+
+=item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
+
+=item File globbing implemented internally
+
+=item Support for CHECK blocks
+
+=item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
+
+=item Better pseudo-random number generator
+
+=item Improved C<qw//> operator
+
+=item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
+
+=item pack() format 'Z' supported
+
+=item pack() format modifier '!' supported
+
+=item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
+
+=item Comments in pack() templates
+
+=item Weak references
+
+=item Binary numbers supported
+
+=item Lvalue subroutines
+
+=item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
+
+=item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
+
+=item exists() is supported on subroutine names
+
+=item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
+
+=item Pseudo-hashes work better
+
+=item Automatic flushing of output buffers
+
+=item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
+
+=item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
+
+=item eof() has the same old magic as <>
+
+=item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
+
+=item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
+
+=item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
+
+=item Improved diagnostics
+
+=item Diagnostics follow STDERR
+
+=item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
+
+=item syswrite() ease-of-use
+
+=item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
+
+=item Bit operators support full native integer width
+
+=item Improved security features
+
+=item More functional bareword prototype (*)
+
+=item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
+
+=item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
+
+=item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
+
+=item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
+
+=item Optional Y2K warnings
+
+=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
+
+=back
+
+=item Modules and Pragmata
+
+=over
+
+=item Modules
+
+attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
+DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
+Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
+File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
+Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
+podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
+pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
+Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
+
+=item Pragmata
+
+=back
+
+=item Utility Changes
+
+=over
+
+=item dprofpp
+
+=item find2perl
+
+=item h2xs
+
+=item perlcc
+
+=item perldoc
+
+=item The Perl Debugger
+
+=back
+
+=item Improved Documentation
+
+perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
+perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
+perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
+perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
+
+=item Performance enhancements
+
+=over
+
+=item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
+
+=item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
+
+=item Faster subroutine calls
+
+=item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
+
+=back
+
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
+
+=over
+
+=item -Dusethreads means something different
+
+=item New Configure flags
+
+=item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
+
+=item Long Doubles
+
+=item -Dusemorebits
+
+=item -Duselargefiles
+
+=item installusrbinperl
+
+=item SOCKS support
+
+=item C<-A> flag
+
+=item Enhanced Installation Directories
+
+=back
+
+=item Platform specific changes
+
+=over
+
+=item Supported platforms
+
+=item DOS
+
+=item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
+
+=item VMS
+
+=item Win32
+
+=back
+
+=item Significant bug fixes
+
+=over
+
+=item <HANDLE> on empty files
+
+=item C<eval '...'> improvements
+
+=item All compilation errors are true errors
+
+=item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
+
+=item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
+
+=item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
+
+=item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
+
+=item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
+
+=item Failures in DESTROY()
+
+=item Locale bugs fixed
+
+=item Memory leaks
+
+=item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
+
+=item Taint failures under C<-U>
+
+=item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
+
+=item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
+
+=back
+
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
+
+"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
+implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
+/ cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
+by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
+\\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
+passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
+early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
+argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
+subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
+%s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
+substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
+Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
+size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
+filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
+Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
+Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
+remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
+weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
+syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
+constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
+defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
+"local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
+%s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
+output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
+explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
+Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
+|%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
+number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
+%s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
+separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
+subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
+returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
+%sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
+No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
+No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
+is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
+panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
+around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
+Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
+instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
+Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
+Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
+zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
+Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
+environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
+'%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
+escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
+list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
+subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
+CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
+
+=item New tests
+
+=item Incompatible Changes
+
+=over
+
+=item Perl Source Incompatibilities
+
+CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
+Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
+C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
+generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
+read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
+Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), values() and
+C<\(%h)> operate on aliases to values, not copies, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS)
+enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed,
+C<%@> has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator,
+Semantics of bareword prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit
+operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their
+results
+
+=item C Source Incompatibilities
+
+C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
+
+=item Compatible C Source API Changes
+
+C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
+
+=item Binary Incompatibilities
+
+=back
+
+=item Known Problems
+
+=over
+
+=item Thread test failures
+
+=item EBCDIC platforms not supported
+
+=item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
+
+=item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
+
+=item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
+gcc
+
+=item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
+
+=item Arrow operator and arrays
+
+=item Experimental features
+
+Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
+pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
+globbing, The DB module, The regular expression constructs C<(?{ code })>
+and C<(??{ code })>
+
+=back
+
+=item Obsolete Diagnostics
+
+Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
+logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
+\@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
+to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
+
+=item Reporting Bugs
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perl5005delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.005
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item About the new versioning system
+
+=item Incompatible Changes
+
+=over
+
+=item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
+
+=item Default installation structure has changed
+
+=item Perl Source Compatibility
+
+=item C Source Compatibility
+
+Core sources now require ANSI C compiler, All Perl global variables must
+now be referenced with an explicit prefix, Enabling threads has source
+compatibility issues
+
+=item Binary Compatibility
+
+=item Security fixes may affect compatibility
+
+=item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
+
+=item Licensing
+
+=back
+
+=item Core Changes
+
+=over
+
+=item Threads
+
+=item Compiler
+
+=item Regular Expressions
+
+Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
+constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
+improvements, Incompatible changes
+
+=item Improved malloc()
+
+=item Quicksort is internally implemented
+
+=item Reliable signals
+
+=item Reliable stack pointers
+
+=item More generous treatment of carriage returns
+
+=item Memory leaks
+
+=item Better support for multiple interpreters
+
+=item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
+
+=item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
+
+=item Pseudo-hashes are supported
+
+=item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
+
+=item Keywords can be globally overridden
+
+=item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
+
+=item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
+
+=item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
+
+=item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
+
+=item Better locale support
+
+=item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
+
+=item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
+
+=item Extended support for exception handling
+
+=item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
+
+=item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
+
+=item New C<INIT> keyword
+
+=item New C<lock> keyword
+
+=item New C<qr//> operator
+
+=item C<our> is now a reserved word
+
+=item Tied arrays are now fully supported
+
+=item Tied handles support is better
+
+=item 4th argument to substr
+
+=item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
+
+=item Magic lvalues are now more magical
+
+=item <> now reads in records
+
+=back
+
+=item Supported Platforms
+
+=over
+
+=item New Platforms
+
+=item Changes in existing support
+
+=back
+
+=item Modules and Pragmata
+
+=over
+
+=item New Modules
+
+B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
+ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
+Thread, attrs, fields, re
+
+=item Changes in existing modules
+
+Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
+MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd, Benchmark
+
+=back
+
+=item Utility Changes
+
+=item Documentation Changes
+
+=item New Diagnostics
+
+Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
+while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
+package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
+filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
+goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
+Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
+for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
+Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
+class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
+insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
+Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
+package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
+field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
+large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
+detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s', Reference found
+where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use
+of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
+
+=item Obsolete Diagnostics
+
+Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
+temporary file, regexp too big
+
+=item Configuration Changes
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perl5004delta, perldelta - what's new for perl5.004
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Supported Environments
+
+=item Core Changes
+
+=over
+
+=item List assignment to %ENV works
+
+=item "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error now lists @INC
+
+=item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
+
+=item $PERL5OPT environment variable
+
+=item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
+
+=item More precise warnings
+
+=item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
+
+=item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
+
+=item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
+
+=item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
+
+=item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
+
+=item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
+
+=item No resetting of $. on implicit close
+
+=item C<wantarray> may return undef
+
+=item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
+
+=item Changes to tainting checks
+
+No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
+spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
+
+=item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
+
+=item Embedding improvements
+
+=item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
+
+=item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
+
+=item New and changed syntax
+
+$coderef->(PARAMS)
+
+=item New and changed builtin constants
+
+__PACKAGE__
+
+=item New and changed builtin variables
+
+$^E, $^H, $^M
+
+=item New and changed builtin functions
+
+delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
+Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
+VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
+reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
+nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
+
+=item New builtin methods
+
+isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
+
+=item TIEHANDLE now supported
+
+TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
+LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
+
+=item Malloc enhancements
+
+-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
+
+=item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
+
+=back
+
+=item Support for More Operating Systems
+
+=over
+
+=item Win32
+
+=item Plan 9
+
+=item QNX
+
+=item AmigaOS
+
+=back
+
+=item Pragmata
+
+use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
+constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
+
+=item Modules
+
+=over
+
+=item Required Updates
+
+=item Installation directories
+
+=item Module information summary
+
+=item Fcntl
+
+=item IO
+
+=item Math::Complex
+
+=item Math::Trig
+
+=item DB_File
+
+=item Net::Ping
+
+=item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
+
+=back
+
+=item Utility Changes
+
+=over
+
+=item pod2html
+
+Sends converted HTML to standard output
+
+=item xsubpp
+
+C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
+
+=back
+
+=item C Language API Changes
+
+C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
+manipulating hashes
+
+=item Documentation Changes
+
+L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
+L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
+
+=item New Diagnostics
+
+"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
+not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
+large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
+nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
+Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
+subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
+use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
+subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
+not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
+long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
+%s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
+internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
+in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
+possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
+memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
+attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
+with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
+while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Too late for
+"B<-T>" option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist,
+Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to
+mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with
+defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay
+shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in
+prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX,
+PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS (possibly very outdated information)
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=back
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Prerequisites
+
+B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
+
+=item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
+
+=item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
+
+fork(), some features of the UNIX filesystem regarding link count and file
+dates, inplace operation (the -i switch) without backup file, umask()
+works, but the correct permissions are only set when the file is
+finally close()d
+
+=back
+
+=item INSTALLATION
+
+=item Accessing documentation
+
+=over
+
+=item Manpages
+
+=item B<HTML>
+
+=item B<GNU> C<info> files
+
+=item C<LaTeX> docs
+
+=back
+
+=item BUILD
+
+=over
+
+=item Prerequisites
+
+=item Getting the perl source
+
+=item Making
+
+=item Testing
+
+=item Installing the built perl
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item PREREQUISITES
+
+=over
+
+=item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
+
+=item Cygwin Configuration
+
+C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
+
+=back
+
+=item CONFIGURE
+
+=over
+
+=item Strip Binaries
+
+=item Optional Libraries
+
+C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
+C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>)
+
+=item Configure-time Options
+
+C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>, C<-Duseperlio>,
+C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>
+
+=item Suspicious Warnings
+
+I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Checking how std your stdio is..,
+Compiler/Preprocessor defines
+
+=back
+
+=item MAKE
+
+=over
+
+=item Warnings
+
+=item ld2
+
+=back
+
+=item TEST
+
+=over
+
+=item File Permissions
+
+=item Hard Links
+
+=item Filetime Granularity
+
+=item Tainting Checks
+
+=item /etc/group
+
+=item Script Portability
+
+Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
+
+=back
+
+=item INSTALL
+
+=item MANIFEST
+
+Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
+Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Prerequisites
+
+DJGPP, Pthreads
+
+=item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
+
+=item Building
+
+=item Testing
+
+=item Installation
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
+(HP-UX) systems
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
+
+=item PA-RISC
+
+=item PA-RISC 1.0
+
+=item PA-RISC 1.1
+
+=item PA-RISC 2.0
+
+=item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
+
+=item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
+
+=item The HP ANSI C Compiler
+
+=item Using Large Files with Perl
+
+=item Threaded Perl
+
+=item 64-bit Perl
+
+=item GDBM and Threads
+
+=item NFS filesystems and utime(2)
+
+=item perl -P and //
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item DATE
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
+systems
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
+
+=item Failures during C<make test>
+
+op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
+
+=item Building external modules
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item DATE
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=back
+
+=over
+
+=item Target
+
+=item Other OSes
+
+=item Prerequisites
+
+EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
+
+=item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
+
+=item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
+
+=back
+
+=over
+
+=item Frequently asked questions
+
+=over
+
+=item I cannot run external programs
+
+=item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
+program.
+
+Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
+L<ExtUtils::Embed>?
+
+=item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
+
+=item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
+
+=back
+
+=item INSTALLATION
+
+=over
+
+=item Automatic binary installation
+
+C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
+
+=item Manual binary installation
+
+Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
+(statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
+Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
+and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
+Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
+
+=item B<Warning>
+
+=back
+
+=item Accessing documentation
+
+=over
+
+=item OS/2 F<.INF> file
+
+=item Plain text
+
+=item Manpages
+
+=item HTML
+
+=item GNU C<info> files
+
+=item F<.PDF> files
+
+=item C<LaTeX> docs
+
+=back
+
+=item BUILD
+
+=over
+
+=item Prerequisites
+
+=item Getting perl source
+
+=item Application of the patches
+
+=item Hand-editing
+
+=item Making
+
+=item Testing
+
+A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
+F<lib/io_pipe.t>, F<lib/io_sock.t>, F<op/stat.t>, F<lib/io_udp.t>
+
+=item Installing the built perl
+
+=item C<a.out>-style build
+
+=back
+
+=item Build FAQ
+
+=over
+
+=item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
+
+=item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
+
+=item Problems with tr or sed
+
+=item Some problem (forget which ;-)
+
+=item Library ... not found
+
+=item Segfault in make
+
+=item op/sprintf test failure
+
+=back
+
+=item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
+
+=over
+
+=item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
+
+=item C<system()>
+
+=item C<extproc> on the first line
+
+=item Additional modules:
+
+=item Prebuilt methods:
+
+C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
+ C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
+C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
+C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
+C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
+C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>
+
+=item Misfeatures
+
+=item Modifications
+
+C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<flock>
+
+=back
+
+=item Perl flavors
+
+=over
+
+=item F<perl.exe>
+
+=item F<perl_.exe>
+
+=item F<perl__.exe>
+
+=item F<perl___.exe>
+
+=item Why strange names?
+
+=item Why dynamic linking?
+
+=item Why chimera build?
+
+explicit fork(), open FH, "|-", open FH, "-|"
+
+=back
+
+=item ENVIRONMENT
+
+=over
+
+=item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
+
+=item C<PERL_BADLANG>
+
+=item C<PERL_BADFREE>
+
+=item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
+
+=item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
+
+=item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
+
+=back
+
+=item Evolution
+
+=over
+
+=item Priorities
+
+=item DLL name mangling
+
+=item Threading
+
+=item Calls to external programs
+
+=item Memory allocation
+
+=item Threads
+
+C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=over
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390.
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Unpacking
+
+=item Setup and utilities
+
+=item Configure
+
+=item Build, test, install
+
+=item Usage Hints
+
+=item Extensions
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=over
+
+=item Mailing list
+
+=back
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlposix-bc, README.posix-bc - building and installing Perl for
+BS2000 POSIX.
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item gzip
+
+=item bison
+
+=item Unpacking
+
+=item Compiling
+
+=item Testing
+
+=item Install
+
+=item Using Perl
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=over
+
+=item Mailing list
+
+=back
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Installation
+
+=item Organization of Perl Images
+
+=over
+
+=item Core Images
+
+=item Perl Extensions
+
+=item Installing static extensions
+
+=item Installing dynamic extensions
+
+=back
+
+=item File specifications
+
+=over
+
+=item Syntax
+
+=item Wildcard expansion
+
+=item Pipes
+
+=back
+
+=item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
+
+=item Command line
+
+=over
+
+=item I/O redirection and backgrounding
+
+=item Command line switches
+
+-i, -S, -u
+
+=back
+
+=item Perl functions
+
+File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
+exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
+(system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
+LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
+
+=item Perl variables
+
+%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $^S, $|
+
+=item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
+
+=over
+
+=item SDBM_File
+
+=back
+
+=item Revision date
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Win32
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Setting Up
+
+Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Mingw32 with GCC
+
+=item Building
+
+=item Testing
+
+=item Installation
+
+=item Usage Hints
+
+Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
+Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
+Extensions, Running Perl Scripts, Miscellaneous Things
+
+=back
+
+=item BUGS AND CAVEATS
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
+
+=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+method, locked
+
+=back
+
+=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Built-in Attributes
+
+locked, method, lvalue
+
+=item Available Subroutines
+
+get, reftype
+
+=item Package-specific Attribute Handling
+
+FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
+
+=item Syntax of Attribute Lists
+
+=back
+
+=item EXPORTS
+
+=over
+
+=item Default exports
+
+=item Available exports
+
+=item Export tags defined
+
+=back
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+method, locked
+
+=back
+
+=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item WARNING
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
+semantics
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
+escape.
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item NOTES
+
+=item TECHNICAL NOTE
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
+diagnostics
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
+
+=item The I<splain> Program
+
+=back
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item INTERNALS
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 fields - compile-time class fields
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+new, phash
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item subpragma access
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of
+double
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Adding directories to @INC
+
+=item Deleting directories from @INC
+
+=item Restoring original @INC
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
+operations
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 open - perl pragma to set default disciplines for input and output
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item UNIMPLEMENTED FUNCTIONALITY
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Declaration of overloaded functions
+
+=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
+
+FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
+
+=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
+
+=item Calling Conventions for Mutators
+
+C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
+
+=item Overloadable Operations
+
+I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
+I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
+and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
+
+=item Inheritance and overloading
+
+Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
+is inherited by derived classes
+
+=back
+
+=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
+
+=over
+
+=item Last Resort
+
+=item Fallback
+
+C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
+
+=item Copy Constructor
+
+B<Example>
+
+=back
+
+=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
+
+I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
+I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
+I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
+I<Copy operator>
+
+=item Losing overloading
+
+=item Run-time Overloading
+
+=item Public functions
+
+overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
+
+=item Overloading constants
+
+integer, float, binary, q, qr
+
+=item IMPLEMENTATION
+
+=item Metaphor clash
+
+=item Cookbook
+
+=over
+
+=item Two-face scalars
+
+=item Two-face references
+
+=item Symbolic calculator
+
+=item I<Really> symbolic calculator
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OPTIONS
+
+=over
+
+=item SIGNAL HANDLERS
+
+B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
+
+=item SIGNAL LISTS
+
+B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
+
+=item OTHER
+
+B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
+
+=back
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=back
+
+=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
+
+=back
+
+=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 in source code
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
+warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
+warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
+warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
+warnings::warnif($object, $message)
+
+=back
+
+=head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
+
+=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
+
+=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item DBM Comparisons
+
+[0], [1], [2], [3]
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Subroutine Stubs
+
+=item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
+
+=item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
+
+=item Package Lexicals
+
+=item Not Using AutoLoader
+
+=item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
+
+=back
+
+=item CAVEATS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+$keep, $check, $modtime
+
+=over
+
+=item Multiple packages
+
+=back
+
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B - The Perl Compiler
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
+
+=over
+
+=item SV-RELATED CLASSES
+
+=item B::SV METHODS
+
+REFCNT, FLAGS
+
+=item B::IV METHODS
+
+IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv
+
+=item B::NV METHODS
+
+NV, NVX
+
+=item B::RV METHODS
+
+RV
+
+=item B::PV METHODS
+
+PV
+
+=item B::PVMG METHODS
+
+MAGIC, SvSTASH
+
+=item B::MAGIC METHODS
+
+MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
+
+=item B::PVLV METHODS
+
+TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
+
+=item B::BM METHODS
+
+USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
+
+=item B::GV METHODS
+
+is_empty, NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE,
+FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
+
+=item B::IO METHODS
+
+LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
+BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
+
+=item B::AV METHODS
+
+FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
+
+=item B::CV METHODS
+
+STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
+CvFLAGS
+
+=item B::HV METHODS
+
+FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
+
+=item OP-RELATED CLASSES
+
+=item B::OP METHODS
+
+next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
+
+=item B::UNOP METHOD
+
+first
+
+=item B::BINOP METHOD
+
+last
+
+=item B::LOGOP METHOD
+
+other
+
+=item B::LISTOP METHOD
+
+children
+
+=item B::PMOP METHODS
+
+pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
+
+=item B::SVOP METHOD
+
+sv, gv
+
+=item B::PADOP METHOD
+
+padix
+
+=item B::PVOP METHOD
+
+pv
+
+=item B::LOOP METHODS
+
+redoop, nextop, lastop
+
+=item B::COP METHODS
+
+label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
+
+=back
+
+=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
+
+main_cv, init_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes,
+sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG),
+walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM),
+hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
+bytecode
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OPTIONS
+
+B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
+B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
+B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-Ppackage> Stores package in the
+output. =back
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OPTIONS
+
+B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
+B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>, B<-llimit>
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OPTIONS
+
+B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
+B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
+B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item DIFFERENCES
+
+=over
+
+=item Loops
+
+=item Context of ".."
+
+=item Arithmetic
+
+=item Deprecated features
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OPTIONS
+
+B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-q>, B<-u>I<PACKAGE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>, B<i>I<NUMBER>,
+B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>
+
+=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
+
+=over
+
+=item Synopsis
+
+=item Description
+
+=item new
+
+=item coderef2text
+
+=back
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
+
+B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
+B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
+
+=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
+
+B<-u Package>
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item CONVENTIONS
+
+=item IMPLEMENTATION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
+
+=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OPTIONS
+
+C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Methods
+
+new, debug, iters
+
+=item Standard Exports
+
+timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
+timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
+TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
+
+=item Optional Exports
+
+clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
+STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache (
+), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
+
+=back
+
+=item NOTES
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item INHERITANCE
+
+=item CAVEATS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item MODIFICATION HISTORY
+
+=back
+
+=head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OPTIONS
+
+B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
+B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
+B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-Ppackage> Stores package in the
+output. =back
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item ABSTRACT
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item PROGRAMMING STYLE
+
+=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
+
+1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. For example,
+-value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values,
+3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values'
+
+=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
+
+=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
+
+=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
+
+=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
+
+=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
+
+=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
+
+=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
+
+=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
+
+=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
+
+=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
+
+=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
+
+=item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
+
+=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
+
+=item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
+
+=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
+
+B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
+B<:standard>, B<:all>
+
+=item PRAGMAS
+
+-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls,
+-autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles
+
+=item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
+
+1. start_table() (generates a <TABLE> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
+</TABLE> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <UL> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
+a </UL> tag)
+
+=back
+
+=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
+
+=over
+
+=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
+
+=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
+
+=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
+
+B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
+
+=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
+
+=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
+
+=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
+
+B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
+(B<-query_string>)
+
+=item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
+
+=back
+
+=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
+
+=over
+
+=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
+
+=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
+
+=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
+
+=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
+
+=item AUTOESCAPING HTML
+
+$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
+charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
+
+=item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
+
+=back
+
+=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
+
+=over
+
+=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
+
+=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
+
+B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
+
+=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
+
+B<Parameters>
+
+=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
+
+=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
+
+=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
+
+B<Parameters>
+
+=item CREATING A POPUP MENU
+
+=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
+
+B<Parameters:>
+
+=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
+
+B<Parameters:>
+
+=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
+
+B<Parameters:>
+
+=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
+
+B<Parameters:>
+
+=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
+
+B<Parameters:>
+
+=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
+
+=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
+
+=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
+
+B<Parameters:>
+
+=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
+
+B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
+type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
+
+=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
+
+=back
+
+=item HTTP COOKIES
+
+1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
+B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
+
+=item WORKING WITH FRAMES
+
+1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
+document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
+the <FORM> tag
+
+=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
+
+=item DEBUGGING
+
+=over
+
+=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
+
+=back
+
+=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+
+B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
+B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
+name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
+()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_software ()>,
+B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>,
+B<http()>, B<https()>
+
+=item USING NPH SCRIPTS
+
+In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
+parameters in the B<header()> and B<redirect()> statements:
+
+=item Server Push
+
+multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end()
+
+=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
+
+B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
+basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
+
+=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
+
+=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+
+=item CREDITS
+
+Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
+(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
+(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
+(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
+(applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
+(tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
+(tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
+MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
+(kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
+Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
+MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
+...and many many more..
+
+=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item ABSTRACT
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
+other) error log
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
+
+=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
+
+=over
+
+=item Changing the default message
+
+=back
+
+=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
+
+=item CHANGE LOG
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item USING CGI::Cookie
+
+B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
+
+=over
+
+=item Creating New Cookies
+
+=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
+
+=item Recovering Previous Cookies
+
+=item Manipulating Cookies
+
+B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
+
+=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
+
+=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
+
+=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
+
+=item CAVEATS
+
+=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Tags that won't be formatted
+
+=item Customizing the Indenting
+
+=back
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item USING CGI::Push
+
+-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires
+
+=over
+
+=item Heterogeneous Pages
+
+=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
+
+=back
+
+=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
+
+=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item ABSTRACT
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Interactive Mode
+
+Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
+install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
+distribution, Signals
+
+=item CPAN::Shell
+
+=item autobundle
+
+=item recompile
+
+=item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
+
+=item Programmer's interface
+
+expand($type,@things), Programming Examples
+
+=item Methods in the four Classes
+
+=item Cache Manager
+
+=item Bundles
+
+=item Prerequisites
+
+=item Finding packages and VERSION
+
+=item Debugging
+
+=item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
+
+=back
+
+=item CONFIGURATION
+
+C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
+E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
+optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
+[unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
+
+=over
+
+=item Note on urllist parameter's format
+
+=item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
+
+=back
+
+=item SECURITY
+
+=item EXPORT
+
+=item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
+
+=item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
+
+=over
+
+=item Three basic types of firewalls
+
+http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
+
+=item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going throught the firewall
+
+=back
+
+=item FAQ
+
+I installed a new version of module X but CPAN keeps saying, I have
+the old version installed, So why is UNINST=1 not the default?, When I
+install bundles or multiple modules with one command there is too
+much output to keep track of
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
+module
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Forcing a Stack Trace
+
+=back
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Carp::Heavy - Carp guts
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item The C<struct()> function
+
+=item Element Types and Accessor Methods
+
+Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
+C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
+
+=item Initializing with C<new>
+
+=back
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
+
+=item Author and Modification History
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
+
+=item EXAMPLE
+
+=item WARNING
+
+=item GLOSSARY
+
+=over
+
+=item _
+
+C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
+
+=item a
+
+C<afs>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>, C<api_revision>,
+C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>, C<ar>, C<archlib>,
+C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>, C<awk>
+
+=item b
+
+C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<bincompat5005>, C<binexp>, C<bison>,
+C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
+
+=item c
+
+C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
+C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccsymbols>, C<cf_by>, C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>,
+C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>, C<clocktype>, C<comm>,
+C<compress>
+
+=item C
+
+C<CONFIGDOTSH>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>, C<cpp_stuff>,
+C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>, C<cpprun>,
+C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crosscompile>, C<cryptlib>, C<csh>
+
+=item d
+
+C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>, C<d_atolf>,
+C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bincompat5005>,
+C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>,
+C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>,
+C<d_closedir>, C<d_const>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_csh>, C<d_cuserid>,
+C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>,
+C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>,
+C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endpwent>,
+C<d_endsent>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>,
+C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>,
+C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpos64_t>,
+C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>,
+C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>,
+C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrps>,
+C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
+C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>,
+C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetprotos>,
+C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>,
+C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>,
+C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getsbyname>,
+C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>,
+C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>,
+C<d_iconv>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>,
+C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>,
+C<d_link>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>,
+C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>,
+C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>,
+C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>,
+C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>,
+C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>,
+C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
+C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>,
+C<d_nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>,
+C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
+C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
+C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
+C<d_PRIFldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
+C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIX64>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>,
+C<d_pwchange>, C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>,
+C<d_pwpasswd>, C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_readdir>,
+C<d_readlink>, C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>,
+C<d_safemcpy>, C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>,
+C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>,
+C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>,
+C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>,
+C<d_setnent>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>,
+C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setregid>,
+C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>,
+C<d_setsent>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>,
+C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>,
+C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_sqrtl>,
+C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>,
+C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>,
+C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>,
+C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>,
+C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>,
+C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>,
+C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
+C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_tzname>,
+C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
+C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
+C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
+C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
+C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>,
+C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>, C<drand01>, C<dynamic_ext>
+
+=item e
+
+C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<eunicefix>,
+C<exe_ext>, C<expr>, C<extensions>
+
+=item f
+
+C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
+C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>, C<full_sed>
+
+=item g
+
+C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>,
+C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
+
+=item h
+
+C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<huge>
+
+=item i
+
+C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
+C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_db>, C<i_dbm>,
+C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>, C<i_gdbm>,
+C<i_grp>, C<i_iconv>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>, C<i_libutil>,
+C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>, C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>,
+C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>, C<i_neterrno>,
+C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>, C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>,
+C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>, C<i_socks>,
+C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>, C<i_sunmath>,
+C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>, C<i_sysin>,
+C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>, C<i_sysmount>,
+C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>, C<i_sysselct>,
+C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>, C<i_sysstatvfs>,
+C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>, C<i_sysuio>,
+C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>, C<i_termio>,
+C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>, C<i_values>,
+C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>, C<ignore_versioned_solibs>,
+C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>, C<incpath>, C<inews>,
+C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>,
+C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
+C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>,
+C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
+C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
+
+=item k
+
+C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
+
+=item l
+
+C<large>, C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>,
+C<ldlibpthname>, C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>,
+C<libs>, C<libsdirs>, C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>,
+C<libswanted>, C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>,
+C<ln>, C<lns>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>, C<longlongsize>,
+C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>, C<lseektype>
+
+=item m
+
+C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
+C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
+C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
+
+=item M
+
+C<Mcc>, C<medium>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<models>,
+C<modetype>, C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>,
+C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
+
+=item n
+
+C<n>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>, C<netdb_name_type>,
+C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>, C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>,
+C<nveformat>, C<nvEformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFformat>, C<nvgformat>,
+C<nvGformat>, C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
+
+=item o
+
+C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
+C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
+
+=item p
+
+C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
+C<perl>
+
+=item P
+
+C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
+C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>, C<pm_apiversion>,
+C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>,
+C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
+
+=item q
+
+C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
+
+=item r
+
+C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>, C<rd_nodata>,
+C<revision>, C<rm>, C<rmail>, C<runnm>
+
+=item s
+
+C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
+C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<sh>, C<shar>, C<sharpbang>,
+C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>, C<sig_count>,
+C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>, C<signal_t>,
+C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>, C<sitebinexp>, C<sitelib>,
+C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>,
+C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<small>, C<so>,
+C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
+C<spitshell>, C<split>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEldbl>,
+C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGldbl>, C<sPRIi64>,
+C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIX64>, C<src>, C<ssizetype>,
+C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>,
+C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>,
+C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
+
+=item t
+
+C<tail>, C<tar>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>, C<timetype>,
+C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>
+
+=item u
+
+C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
+C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
+C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
+C<use64bitint>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>,
+C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>,
+C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usesfio>,
+C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>,
+C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>,
+C<uvxformat>, C<uvXformat>
+
+=item v
+
+C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
+C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
+C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
+
+=item x
+
+C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
+
+=item z
+
+C<zcat>, C<zip>
+
+=back
+
+=item NOTE
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
+subject to
+change)
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Global Variables
+
+ $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
+@DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
+$DB::lineno
+
+=item API Methods
+
+CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
+CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
+
+=item Client Callback Methods
+
+CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
+CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
+CLIENT->output(LIST)
+
+=back
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
+
+=over
+
+=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
+
+=item Interface to Berkeley DB
+
+=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
+
+=item Default Parameters
+
+=item In Memory Databases
+
+=back
+
+=item DB_HASH
+
+=over
+
+=item A Simple Example
+
+=back
+
+=item DB_BTREE
+
+=over
+
+=item Changing the BTREE sort order
+
+=item Handling Duplicate Keys
+
+=item The get_dup() Method
+
+=item The find_dup() Method
+
+=item The del_dup() Method
+
+=item Matching Partial Keys
+
+=back
-=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
+=item DB_RECNO
=over
-=item Guidelines for Module Creation
+=item The 'bval' Option
-Do similar modules already exist in some form?, Try to design the new
-module to be easy to extend and reuse, Some simple style guidelines, Select
-what to export, Select a name for the module, Have you got it right?,
-README and other Additional Files, A description of the
-module/package/extension etc, A copyright notice - see below, Prerequisites
-- what else you may need to have, How to build it - possible changes to
-Makefile.PL etc, How to install it, Recent changes in this release,
-especially incompatibilities, Changes / enhancements you plan to make in
-the future, Adding a Copyright Notice, Give the module a
-version/issue/release number, How to release and distribute a module, Take
-care when changing a released module
+=item A Simple Example
-=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
+=item Extra RECNO Methods
-There is no requirement to convert anything, Consider the implications,
-Make the most of the opportunity, The pl2pm utility will get you started,
-Adds the standard Module prologue lines, Converts package specifiers from '
-to ::, Converts die(...) to croak(...), Several other minor changes
+B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
+B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>
-=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
+=item Another Example
-Complete applications rarely belong in the Perl Module Library, Many
-applications contain some Perl code that could be reused, Break-out the
-reusable code into one or more separate module files, Take the opportunity
-to reconsider and redesign the interfaces, In some cases the 'application'
-can then be reduced to a small
+=back
+
+=item THE API INTERFACE
+
+B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
+$X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
+$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
+$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
+
+=item DBM FILTERS
+
+B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
+B<filter_fetch_value>
+
+=over
+
+=item The Filter
+
+=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
+
+=item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
=back
-=item NOTE
+=item HINTS AND TIPS
-=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
+=over
+
+=item Locking: The Trouble with fd
+
+=item Safe ways to lock a database
+
+B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
+
+=item Sharing Databases With C Applications
+
+=item The untie() Gotcha
+
+=back
+
+=item COMMON QUESTIONS
+
+=over
+
+=item Why is there Perl source in my database?
+
+=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
+
+=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
+
+=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
+
+=back
+
+=item REFERENCES
+
+=item HISTORY
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AVAILABILITY
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
+printing and C<eval>
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=over
-=item PREAMBLE
+=item Methods
+
+I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
+I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
+I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
+I<$OBJ>->Reset
+
+=item Functions
+
+Dumper(I<LIST>)
+
+=item Configuration Variables or Methods
+
+$Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
+$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>)
+
+=item Exports
-B<DECOMPRESS> the file=item B<UNPACK> the file into a directory
-=item B<BUILD> the module (sometimes unnecessary)
-=item B<INSTALL> the module
+Dumper
=back
-=item HEY
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item BUGS
=item AUTHOR
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item VERSION
-=head2 perlform - Perl formats
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item PROFILE FORMAT
+
+=item AUTOLOAD
+
+=item ENVIRONMENT
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=over
+
+=item A simple scalar string
+
+=item A simple scalar number
+
+=item A simple scalar with an extra reference
+
+=item A reference to a simple scalar
+
+=item A reference to an array
+
+=item A reference to a hash
+
+=item Dumping a large array or hash
+
+=item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
+
+=item A reference to a subroutine
+
+=back
+
+=item EXPORTS
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Creation
+
+C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
+C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<tick>, C<HighBit>,
+C<printUndef>, C<UsageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
+stopDbSignal
+
+=item Methods
+
+dumpValue, dumpValues, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump,
+veryCompact, set, get
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
+@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
+dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
+dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
+bootstrap()
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
+Perl code
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
+variables
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item PERFORMANCE
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
+arrays
+
=over
-=item Format Variables
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item LIMITATIONS
+
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item NOTES
+=head2 Errno - System errno constants
=over
-=item Footers
-
-=item Accessing Formatting Internals
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=back
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item WARNINGS
+=item CAVEATS
-=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
-localization)
+=item AUTHOR
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
+=back
-=item USING LOCALES
+=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
=over
-=item The use locale pragma
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item The setlocale function
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Finding locales
+=over
-=item LOCALE PROBLEMS
+=item How to Export
-=item Temporarily fixing locale problems
+=item Selecting What To Export
-=item Permanently fixing locale problems
+=item Specialised Import Lists
+
+=item Exporting without using Export's import method
-=item Permanently fixing your locale configuration
+=item Module Version Checking
-=item Permanently fixing system locale configuration
+=item Managing Unknown Symbols
-=item The localeconv function
+=item Tag Handling Utility Functions
=back
-=item LOCALE CATEGORIES
-
-=over
+=back
-=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
+=head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
-=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
+=over
-=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
+=item SYNOPIS
-=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item LC_TIME
+=back
-=item Other categories
+=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
+Makefiles etc.
-=back
+=over
-=item SECURITY
+=item SYNOPSIS
-B<Comparison operators> (C<lt>, C<le>, C<ge>, C<gt> and C<cmp>):,
-B<Case-mapping interpolation> (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>),
-B<Matching operator> (C<m//>):, B<Substitution operator> (C<s///>):,
-B<In-memory formatting function> (sprintf()):, B<Output formatting
-functions> (printf() and write()):, B<Case-mapping functions> (lc(),
-lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):, B<POSIX locale-dependent functions>
-(localeconv(), strcoll(),strftime(), strxfrm()):, B<POSIX character class
-tests> (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(),isgraph(), islower(), isprint(),
-ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(),
-isxdigit()):
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item ENVIRONMENT
+=back
-PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC,
-LC_TIME, LANG
+cat
-=item NOTES
+eqtime src dst
-=over
+rm_f files...
-=item Backward compatibility
+rm_f files...
-=item I18N:Collate obsolete
+touch files ..
-=item Sort speed and memory use impacts
+mv source... destination
-=item write() and LC_NUMERIC
+cp source... destination
-=item Freely available locale definitions
+chmod mode files..
-=item I18n and l10n
+mkpath directory..
-=item An imperfect standard
+test_f file
-=back
+=over
=item BUGS
-=over
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Broken systems
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
-=item HISTORY
+=over
-=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
-
-=item Making References
+=item @EXPORT
-=item Using References
+=item FUNCTIONS
-=item Symbolic references
+xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
+ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
-=item Not-so-symbolic references
+=item EXAMPLES
-=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Function Templates
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item WARNING
+=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
-=item SEE ALSO
+=over
-=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
-more elaborate constructs
-
-=item REFERENCES
-
-=item COMMON MISTAKES
+=back
-=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
+=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
-=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
+=over
-=item DEBUGGING
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item CODE EXAMPLES
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item LISTS OF LISTS
+=item USAGE
-=over
+=item FUNCTIONS
-=item Declaration of a LIST OF LISTS
+new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
+packlist(), version()
-=item Generation of a LIST OF LISTS
+=item EXAMPLE
-=item Access and Printing of a LIST OF LISTS
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item HASHES OF LISTS
+=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
=over
-=item Declaration of a HASH OF LISTS
-
-=item Generation of a HASH OF LISTS
-
-=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF LISTS
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=back
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item LISTS OF HASHES
+For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
=over
-=item Declaration of a LIST OF HASHES
+=item EXTRALIBS
-=item Generation of a LIST OF HASHES
+=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
-=item Access and Printing of a LIST OF HASHES
+=item BSLOADLIBS
=back
-=item HASHES OF HASHES
+=item PORTABILITY
=over
-=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
+=item VMS implementation
-=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
+=item Win32 implementation
-=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
+=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
+ExtUtils::MakeMaker
=over
-=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
+canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
=back
-=item Database Ties
-
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
+ExtUtils::MakeMaker
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=head2 perllol, perlLoL - Manipulating Lists of Lists in Perl
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Declaration and Access of Lists of Lists
-
-=item Growing Your Own
-
-=item Access and Printing
-
-=item Slices
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Creating a Class
+=item METHODS
=over
-=item Object Representation
+=item Preloaded methods
-=item Class Interface
+canonpath
-=item Constructors and Instance Methods
+=back
-=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
+=back
-=item Destructors
+catdir
-=item Other Object Methods
+catfile
-=back
+curdir
-=item Class Data
+rootdir
+
+updir
=over
-=item Accessing Class Data
+=item SelfLoaded methods
-=item Debugging Methods
+c_o (o)
-=item Class Destructors
+=back
-=item Documenting the Interface
+cflags (o)
-=back
+clean (o)
-=item Aggregation
+const_cccmd (o)
-=item Inheritance
+const_config (o)
-=over
+const_loadlibs (o)
-=item Overridden Methods
+constants (o)
-=item Multiple Inheritance
+depend (o)
-=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
+dir_target (o)
-=back
+dist (o)
-=item Alternate Object Representations
+dist_basics (o)
-=over
+dist_ci (o)
-=item Arrays as Objects
+dist_core (o)
-=item Closures as Objects
+dist_dir (o)
-=back
+dist_test (o)
-=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
+dlsyms (o)
-=over
+dynamic (o)
-=item Autoloaded Data Methods
+dynamic_bs (o)
-=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
+dynamic_lib (o)
-=back
+exescan
-=item Metaclassical Tools
+extliblist
-=over
+file_name_is_absolute
-=item Class::Struct
+find_perl
-=item Data Members as Variables
+=over
-=item NOTES
+=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
-=item Object Terminology
+fixin
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
-
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+force (o)
-=item COPYRIGHT
+guess_name
-=over
+has_link_code
-=item Acknowledgments
+htmlifypods (o)
-=back
+init_dirscan
-=head2 perlobj - Perl objects
+init_main
-=item DESCRIPTION
+init_others
-=over
+install (o)
-=item An Object is Simply a Reference
+installbin (o)
-=item A Class is Simply a Package
+libscan (o)
-=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
+linkext (o)
-=item Method Invocation
+lsdir
-=item Default UNIVERSAL methods
+macro (o)
-isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
+makeaperl (o)
-=item Destructors
+makefile (o)
-=item WARNING
+manifypods (o)
-=item Summary
+maybe_command
-=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
+maybe_command_in_dirs
-=back
+needs_linking (o)
-=item SEE ALSO
+nicetext
-=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
+parse_version
-=item SYNOPSIS
+parse_abstract
-=item DESCRIPTION
+pasthru (o)
-=over
+path
-=item Tying Scalars
+perl_script
-TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
+perldepend (o)
-=item Tying Arrays
+ppd
-TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
-DESTROY this
+perm_rw (o)
-=item Tying Hashes
+perm_rwx (o)
-USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
-this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
-this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, DESTROY this
+pm_to_blib
-=item Tying FileHandles
+post_constants (o)
-TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
-LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, DESTROY this
+post_initialize (o)
-=item The C<untie> Gotcha
+postamble (o)
-=back
+prefixify
-=item SEE ALSO
+processPL (o)
-=item BUGS
+realclean (o)
-=item AUTHOR
+replace_manpage_separator
-=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
+static (o)
-=item DESCRIPTION
+static_lib (o)
-=item OO SCALING TIPS
+staticmake (o)
-=item INSTANCE VARIABLES
+subdir_x (o)
-=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
+subdirs (o)
-=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
+test (o)
-=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
+test_via_harness (o)
-=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
+test_via_script (o)
-=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
+tool_autosplit (o)
-=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
+tools_other (o)
-=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
+tool_xsubpp (o)
-=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
+top_targets (o)
-=item DELEGATION
+writedoc
-=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
-safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
+xs_c (o)
-=item DESCRIPTION
+xs_cpp (o)
-=item Signals
+xs_o (o)
-=item Named Pipes
+perl_archive
+
+export_list
=over
-=item WARNING
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item Using open() for IPC
+=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
+ExtUtils::MakeMaker
=over
-=item Filehandles
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Background Processes
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
+=over
-=item Safe Pipe Opens
+=item Methods always loaded
-=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
+wraplist
-=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
+=back
=back
-=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
+rootdir (override)
=over
-=item Internet Line Terminators
-
-=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
+=item SelfLoaded methods
-=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
+guess_name (override)
=back
-=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
+find_perl (override)
-=over
+path (override)
-=item A Simple Client
+maybe_command (override)
-C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
+maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
-=item A Webget Client
+perl_script (override)
-=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
+file_name_is_absolute (override)
-=back
+replace_manpage_separator
-=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
+init_others (override)
-Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
+constants (override)
-=item UDP: Message Passing
+cflags (override)
-=item SysV IPC
+const_cccmd (override)
-=item NOTES
+pm_to_blib (override)
-=item BUGS
+tool_autosplit (override)
-=item AUTHOR
+tool_sxubpp (override)
-=item SEE ALSO
+xsubpp_version (override)
-=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
+tools_other (override)
-=item DESCRIPTION
+dist (override)
-=item The Perl Debugger
+c_o (override)
-=over
+xs_c (override)
-=item Debugger Commands
+xs_o (override)
-h [command], p expr, x expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], T, s [expr], n
-[expr], E<lt>CRE<gt>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l
-subname, -, w [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L, S [[!]pattern],
-t, t expr, b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname
-[condition], b load filename, b compile subname, d [line], D, a [line]
-command, A, W [expr], W, O [opt[=val]] [opt"val"] [opt?]..,
-C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
-C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
-C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<arrayDepth>,
-C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>,
-C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>, C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>,
-C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>, C<NonStop>, E<lt> [ command ],
-E<lt>E<lt> command, E<gt> command, E<gt>E<gt> command, { [ command ], {{
-command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, H -number, q or ^D, R,
-|dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, m package
+top_targets (override)
-=item Debugger input/output
+dlsyms (override)
-Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Listing, Frame listing
+dynamic_lib (override)
-=item Debugging compile-time statements
+dynamic_bs (override)
-=item Debugger Customization
+static_lib (override)
-=item Readline Support
+manifypods (override)
-=item Editor Support for Debugging
+processPL (override)
-=item The Perl Profiler
+installbin (override)
-=item Debugger support in perl
+subdir_x (override)
-=item Debugger Internals
+clean (override)
-=item Other resources
+realclean (override)
-=item BUGS
+dist_basics (override)
-=back
+dist_core (override)
-=item Debugging Perl memory usage
+dist_dir (override)
-=over
+dist_test (override)
-=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
+install (override)
-C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
-SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
-6144>
+perldepend (override)
-=item Example of using B<-DL> switch
+makefile (override)
-C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
+test (override)
-=item B<-DL> details
+test_via_harness (override)
-C<!!!>, C<!!>, C<!>
+test_via_script (override)
-=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistic
+makeaperl (override)
-=back
+nicetext (override)
-=item Debugging regular expressions
+=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
+ExtUtils::MakeMaker
=over
-=item Compile-time output
+=item SYNOPSIS
-C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
-I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
-I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
-C<anchored(TYPE)>
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Types of nodes
+=back
-=item Run-time output
+catfile
-=back
+constants (o)
-=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
+static_lib (o)
-=item DESCRIPTION
+dynamic_bs (o)
-=head2 perlsec - Perl security
+dynamic_lib (o)
-=item DESCRIPTION
+canonpath
-=over
+perl_script
-=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
+pm_to_blib
-=item Switches On the "#!" Line
+test_via_harness (o)
-=item Cleaning Up Your Path
+tool_autosplit (override)
-=item Security Bugs
+tools_other (o)
-=item Protecting Your Programs
+xs_o (o)
-=back
+top_targets (o)
-=item SEE ALSO
+htmlifypods (o)
-=head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
+manifypods (o)
+
+dist_ci (o)
+
+dist_core (o)
+
+pasthru (o)
+
+=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=over
-=item Awk Traps
+=item How To Write A Makefile.PL
-=item C Traps
+=item Default Makefile Behaviour
-=item Sed Traps
+=item make test
-=item Shell Traps
+=item make testdb
-=item Perl Traps
+=item make install
-=item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
+=item PREFIX and LIB attribute
-Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
-Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
-Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
-Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
+=item AFS users
-=item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
+=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
-Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
-Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
-Discontinuance, Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance
+=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
-=item Parsing Traps
+=item Which architecture dependent directory?
-Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
+=item Using Attributes and Parameters
-=item Numerical Traps
+AUTHOR, ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CAPI, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
+CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
+EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FUNCLIST, H, HTMLLIBPODS,
+HTMLSCRIPTPODS, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
+INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLHTMLPRIVLIBDIR, INSTALLHTMLSCRIPTDIR,
+INSTALLHTMLSITELIBDIR, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
+INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITELIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
+INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_HTMLLIBDIR, INST_HTMLSCRIPTDIR, INST_MAN1DIR,
+INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, PERL_MALLOC_OK, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS,
+LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB,
+NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL,
+PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES,
+PM, PMLIBDIRS, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX,
+PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG,
+XS_VERSION
-Numerical, Numerical, Numerical
+=item Additional lowercase attributes
-=item General data type traps
+clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
+tool_autosplit
-(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
-(Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
+=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
-=item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
+=item Hintsfile support
-(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
+=item Distribution Support
-=item Precedence Traps
+ make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
+ make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
+shdist, make zipdist, make ci
-Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
-Precedence
+=item Disabling an extension
-=item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
+=back
-Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
-Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
-Regular Expression
+=item ENVIRONMENT
-=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
+PERL_MM_OPT
-(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item OS Traps
+=item AUTHORS
-(SysV), (SysV)
+=back
-=item Interpolation Traps
+=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
-Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
-Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
+=over
-=item DBM Traps
+=item SYNOPSIS
-DBM, DBM
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Unclassified Traps
+=item MANIFEST.SKIP
-C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
-LIMIT specified
+=item EXPORT_OK
+
+=item GLOBAL VARIABLES
+
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
+
+C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
+C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
+=head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-Not all Perl programs have to be portable, The vast majority of Perl B<is>
-portable
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item ISSUES
+=back
+
+=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
=over
-=item Newlines
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item File Paths
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item System Interaction
+=back
-=item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
+=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
+extension
-=item External Subroutines (XS)
+=over
-=item Standard Modules
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Time and Date
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item System Resources
+DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
-=item Security
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Style
+=item REVISION
=back
-=item CPAN TESTERS
-
-Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
-C<http://www.connect.net/gbarr/cpan-test/>
-
-=item PLATFORMS
+=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
=over
-=item Unix
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item DOS and Derivatives
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item USAGE
-The djgpp environment for DOS, C<http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/>, The EMX
-environment for DOS, OS/2, etc.
-C<emx@iaehv.nl>,C<http://www.juge.com/bbs/Hobb.19.html>, Build instructions
-for Win32, L<perlwin32>, The ActiveState Pages,
-C<http://www.activestate.com/>
+=item FUNCTIONS
-=item MacPerl
+new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
-The MacPerl Pages, C<http://www.ptf.com/macperl/>, The MacPerl mailing
-list, C<mac-perl-request@iis.ee.ethz.ch>
+=item EXAMPLE
-=item VMS
+=item AUTHOR
-L<perlvms.pod>, vmsperl list, C<vmsperl-request@newman.upenn.edu>, vmsperl
-on the web, C<http://www.sidhe.org/vmsperl/index.html>
+=back
-=item EBCDIC Platforms
+=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
-perl-mvs list, AS/400 Perl information at C<http://as400.rochester.ibm.com>
+=over
-=item Other perls
+=item SYNOPSIS
-Atari, Guido Flohr's page C<http://stud.uni-sb.de/~gufl0000/>, HP 300
-MPE/iX C<http://www.cccd.edu/~markb/perlix.html>, Novell Netware
+=item DESCRIPTION
=back
-=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
+=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
=over
-=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
--I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown
-LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen
-HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR,
-flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid,
-getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME,
-getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber
-NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent,
-getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent
-STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN,
-endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent,
-getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl
-FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat
-FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd
-ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
-FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
-RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
-KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
-WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl
-ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite
-ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat
-FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, system
-LIST, times, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR,
-umask, utime LIST, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
+=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
-=item VERSION
+=over
-=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=head2 perlpod - plain old documentation
+=item NOTE
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
-=over
+=back
-=item Verbatim Paragraph
+=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
-=item Command Paragraph
+=over
-=item Ordinary Block of Text
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item The Intent
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
+fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
-=item Common Pod Pitfalls
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+C<basename>, C<dirname>
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=head2 perlbook - Perl book information
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
=over
-=item PREAMBLE
+=item SYNOPSIS
-B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
-Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item ROADMAP
+=item RETURN
-=item Compiling your C program
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
+=back
-=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
+=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
-=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
+=over
-=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
+=over
-=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
+=item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
-=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
-program
+rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
=back
-=item Embedding Perl under Win32
-
-=item MORAL
+=item RETURN
=item AUTHOR
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=back
-=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
+=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-B<PerlIO *>, B<PerlIO_stdin()>, B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>,
-B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>, B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>,
-B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
-B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
-B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
-B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_tell(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_seek(f,o,w)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
-B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>
+=item EXPORTS (by request only)
-=over
+=item BUGS
-=item Co-existence with stdio
+=item AUTHOR
-B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)>,
-B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>, B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>, B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
+=item HISTORY
-=back
+=item SEE ALSO
-=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
=over
-=item Introduction
-
-=item On The Road
-
-=item The Anatomy of an XSUB
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item The Argument Stack
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item The RETVAL Variable
+C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
+C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<no_chdir>, C<untaint>,
+C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
-=item The MODULE Keyword
+=item CAVEAT
-=item The PACKAGE Keyword
+=back
-=item The PREFIX Keyword
+=head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
-=item The OUTPUT: Keyword
+=over
-=item The CODE: Keyword
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item The INIT: Keyword
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item The NO_INIT Keyword
+C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>, C<GLOB_NOSORT>,
+C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>, C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>
-=item Initializing Function Parameters
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
-=item Default Parameter Values
+C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
-=item The PREINIT: Keyword
+=item NOTES
-=item The SCOPE: Keyword
+=item AUTHOR
-=item The INPUT: Keyword
+=back
-=item Variable-length Parameter Lists
+=head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
-=item The C_ARGS: Keyword
+=over
-=item The PPCODE: Keyword
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item The REQUIRE: Keyword
+=item AUTHORS
-=item The CLEANUP: Keyword
+=back
-=item The BOOT: Keyword
+=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
-=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
+=over
-=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item The ALIAS: Keyword
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item The INTERFACE: Keyword
+=item AUTHORS
-=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
+=back
-=item The INCLUDE: Keyword
+=head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
-=item The CASE: Keyword
+=over
-=item The & Unary Operator
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Inserting Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Using XS With C++
+=over
-=item Interface Strategy
+=item Exports
-=item Perl Objects And C Structures
+=back
-=item The Typemap
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item EXAMPLES
-
-=item XS VERSION
+=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for XSUBs
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
-
-=item VERSION CAVEAT
-
-=item DYNAMIC VERSUS STATIC
+=item METHODS
-=item EXAMPLE 1
+canonpath
-=item EXAMPLE 2
+=back
-=item WHAT HAS GONE ON?
+catdir
-=item WRITING GOOD TEST SCRIPTS
+catfile
-=item EXAMPLE 3
+curdir
-=item WHAT'S NEW HERE?
+devnull
-=item INPUT AND OUTPUT PARAMETERS
+rootdir
-=item THE XSUBPP COMPILER
+tmpdir
-=item THE TYPEMAP FILE
+updir
-=item WARNING
+file_name_is_absolute
-=item EXAMPLE 4
+path
-=item WHAT HAS HAPPENED HERE?
+splitpath
-=item SPECIFYING ARGUMENTS TO XSUBPP
+splitdir
-=item THE ARGUMENT STACK
+catpath
-=item EXTENDING YOUR EXTENSION
+abs2rel
-=item DOCUMENTING YOUR EXTENSION
+rel2abs
-=item INSTALLING YOUR EXTENSION
+=over
=item SEE ALSO
-=item Author
+=back
-=item Last Changed
+=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
-=back
+=over
-=head2 perlguts - Perl's Internal Functions
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Variables
+=back
+
+=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec
=over
-=item Datatypes
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item What is an "IV"?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Working with SVs
+=item METHODS
-=item What's Really Stored in an SV?
+canonpath
-=item Working with AVs
+=back
-=item Working with HVs
+catdir
-=item Hash API Extensions
+catfile
-=item References
+curdir
-=item Blessed References and Class Objects
+devnull
-=item Creating New Variables
+rootdir
-=item Reference Counts and Mortality
+tmpdir
-=item Stashes and Globs
+updir
-=item Double-Typed SVs
+no_upwards
-=item Magic Variables
+case_tolerant
-=item Assigning Magic
+file_name_is_absolute
-=item Magic Virtual Tables
+path
-=item Finding Magic
+join
-=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
+splitpath
-=item Localizing changes
+splitdir
-C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
-C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP
-*op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char
-*key, I32 length)>, C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(f,p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
-save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
-C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
-C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
-save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
+catpath
-=back
+abs2rel
-=item Subroutines
+rel2abs
=over
-=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
+=back
-=item Memory Allocation
+=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
-=item PerlIO
+=over
-=item Putting a C value on Perl stack
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Scratchpads
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Scratchpads and recursion
+eliminate_macros
=back
-=item Compiled code
+fixpath
=over
-=item Code tree
-
-=item Examining the tree
+=item Methods always loaded
-=item Compile pass 1: check routines
+canonpath (override)
-=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
+=back
-=item Compile pass 2: context propagation
+catdir
-=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
+catfile
-=back
+curdir (override)
-=item API LISTING
+devnull (override)
-av_clear, av_extend, av_fetch, AvFILL, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push,
-av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, CLASS, Copy, croak, CvSTASH,
-DBsingle, DBsub, DBtrace, dMARK, dORIGMARK, dowarn, dSP, dXSARGS, dXSI32,
-do_binmode, ENTER, EXTEND, fbm_compile, fbm_instr, FREETMPS, G_ARRAY,
-G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, GIMME, GIMME_V, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, gv_fetchmeth,
-gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, G_VOID, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv,
-GvSV, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force,
-HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, hv_clear, hv_delayfree_ent, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent,
-hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_free_ent, hv_iterinit,
-hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iterval, hv_magic,
-HvNAME, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT,
-isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, items, ix, LEAVE, looks_like_number, MARK,
-mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_len, mg_magical, mg_set,
-Move, na, New, newAV, Newc, newCONSTSUB, newHV, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc,
-NEWSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVrv, newSVsv,
-newXS, newXSproto, Newz, Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv, ORIGMARK,
-perl_alloc, perl_call_argv, perl_call_method, perl_call_pv, perl_call_sv,
-perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_eval_sv, perl_eval_pv, perl_free,
-perl_get_av, perl_get_cv, perl_get_hv, perl_get_sv, perl_parse,
-perl_require_pv, perl_run, POPi, POPl, POPp, POPn, POPs, PUSHMARK, PUSHi,
-PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, Renew, Renewc, RETVAL, safefree,
-safemalloc, saferealloc, savepv, savepvn, SAVETMPS, SP, SPAGAIN, ST, strEQ,
-strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_2mortal, sv_bless,
-sv_catpv, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg,
-sv_catsv, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_cmp, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, sv_dec,
-sv_derived_from, sv_derived_from, SvEND, sv_eq, SvGETMAGIC, SvGROW,
-sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, SvIOK, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOKp,
-sv_isa, sv_isobject, SvIV, SvIVX, SvLEN, sv_len, sv_magic, sv_mortalcopy,
-sv_newmortal, SvNIOK, SvNIOK_off, SvNIOKp, sv_no, SvNOK, SvNOK_off,
-SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNOKp, SvNV, SvNVX, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOK_off,
-SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOKp, SvPV, SvPV_force, SvPVX, SvREFCNT,
-SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSETMAGIC,
-sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpv_mg,
-sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpvf,
-sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn,
-SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg,
-SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SVt_IV, SVt_PV,
-SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG, SVt_NV, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, svtype,
-sv_undef, sv_unref, SvUPGRADE, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
-sv_vcatpvfn(sv, pat, patlen, args, svargs, svmax, used_locale),
-sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, patlen, args, svargs, svmax, used_locale), SvUV,
-SvUVX, sv_yes, THIS, toLOWER, toUPPER, warn, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp,
-XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XS, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO,
-XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNV,
-XST_mNO, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK,
-Zero
+rootdir (override)
-=item AUTHORS
+tmpdir (override)
-=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
+updir (override)
-=item DESCRIPTION
+case_tolerant (override)
-An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
+path (override)
-=item THE PERL_CALL FUNCTIONS
+file_name_is_absolute (override)
-B<perl_call_sv>, B<perl_call_pv>, B<perl_call_method>, B<perl_call_argv>
+splitpath (override)
-=item FLAG VALUES
+splitdir (override)
-=over
+catpath (override)
-=item G_VOID
+abs2rel (override)
-=item G_SCALAR
+rel2abs (override)
-=item G_ARRAY
+=over
-=item G_DISCARD
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item G_NOARGS
+=back
-=item G_EVAL
+=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
-=item G_KEEPERR
+=over
-=item Determining the Context
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=back
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
+devnull
-=item EXAMPLES
+=back
-=over
+tmpdir
-=item No Parameters, Nothing returned
+catfile
-=item Passing Parameters
+canonpath
-=item Returning a Scalar
+splitpath
-=item Returning a list of values
+splitdir
-=item Returning a list in a scalar context
+catpath
-=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
+=over
-=item Using G_EVAL
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Using G_KEEPERR
+=back
-=item Using perl_call_sv
+=head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
-=item Using perl_call_argv
+=over
-=item Using perl_call_method
+=item PORTABILITY
-=item Using GIMME_V
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
+=back
-1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
-callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
-callback
+=over
-=item Alternate Stack Manipulation
+=item FUNCTIONS
-=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
+B<tempfile>
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+B<tempdir>
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=item DATE
+=item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
-=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
+B<mkstemp>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item INTRODUCTION
+B<mkstemps>
-=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
+B<mkdtemp>
+
+B<mktemp>
=over
-=item PUMPKIN?
+=item POSIX FUNCTIONS
+
+B<tmpnam>
=back
-=item THE RECORDS
+B<tmpfile>
=over
-=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
+=item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
-=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
+B<tempnam>
=back
-=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
-
-=head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
-
-=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+B<unlink0>
-method, locked
+=back
-=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item PACKAGE VARIABLES
-=item DESCRIPTION
+B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
-=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+TopSystemUID
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
=item WARNING
-=item AUTHOR
+=item HISTORY
=item SEE ALSO
-=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item AUTHOR
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
-=head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item BUGS
+=item NOTE
=item AUTHOR
-=head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=item NOTES
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item TECHNICAL NOTE
+=item DESCRIPTION
=item BUGS
-=item AUTHOR
+=back
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
-=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
-diagnostics
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
-
-=item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
+$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
-=item The I<splain> Program
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item EXAMPLES
-
-=item INTERNALS
-
-=item BUGS
-
-=item AUTHOR
+=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
-=head2 fields - compile-time class fields
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item SEE ALSO
-
-=head2 integer - Perl pragma to compute arithmetic in integer instead of
-double
+=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item KNOWN BUGS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item AUTHORS
-=head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
-=head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
-
-=item ADDING DIRECTORIES TO @INC
+=item AVAILABILITY
-=item DELETING DIRECTORIES FROM @INC
+=item BUGS
-=item RESTORING ORIGINAL @INC
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
-
-=item AUTHOR
+=head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
-=head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
-operations
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
-=item CAVEAT SCRIPTOR
+=item Command Line Options, an Introduction
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
=over
-=item Declaration of overloaded functions
-
-=item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
-
-FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
+=item Simple options
-=item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
+=item A little bit less simple options
-=item Overloadable Operations
+=item Mixing command line option with other arguments
-I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
-I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
-and numeric conversion>, I<Special>
+=item Options with values
-=item Inheritance and overloading
+=item Options with multiple values
-Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
-is inherited by derived classes
+=item Options with hash values
-=back
+=item User-defined subroutines to handle options
-=item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
+=item Options with multiple names
-=over
+=item Case and abbreviations
-=item Last Resort
+=item Summary of Option Specifications
-=item Fallback
+!, +, s, i, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ]
-C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
+=back
-=item Copy Constructor
+=item Advanced Possibilities
-B<Example>
+=over
-=back
+=item Object oriented interface
-=item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
+=item Documentation and help texts
-I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
-I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
-I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Copy operator>
+=item Storing options in a hash
-=item WARNING
+=item Bundling
-=item Run-time Overloading
+=item The lonesome dash
-=item Public functions
+=item Argument call-back
-overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
+=back
-=item Overloading constants
+=item Configuring Getopt::Long
-integer, float, binary, q, qr
+default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, require_order, permute,
+bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled),
+ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled),
+pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default:
+disabled)
-=item IMPLEMENTATION
+=item Return values and Errors
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Legacy
-=item DIAGNOSTICS
+=over
-=item BUGS
+=item Default destinations
-=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
+=item Alternative option starters
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item Configuration variables
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item OPTIONS
+=item Trouble Shooting
=over
-=item SIGNAL HANDLERS
-
-B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
+=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
-=item SIGNAL LISTS
+=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
+supplied
-B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
+=back
-=item OTHER
+=item AUTHOR
-B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
+=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
=back
-=item EXAMPLES
+=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
+clustering
-=head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
+=back
-=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
+=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
+locale
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names
+=back
+
+=head2 IO - load various IO modules
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
+=back
-=head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
+=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
+new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
+rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
+
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item DBM Comparisons
+=item AUTHOR
-[0], [1], [2], [3]
+=item COPYRIGHT
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
-=head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=item Subroutine Stubs
+new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
-=item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
+=item METHODS
-=item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
+open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
-=item Package Lexicals
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
+=item HISTORY
=back
-=item CAVEATS
-
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
-=head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-$keep, $check, $modtime
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=over
+new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
-=item Multiple packages
+=item METHODS
-=back
+$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
+$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
+$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
+$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
-=item DIAGNOSTICS
+=item NOTE
-=head2 B - The Perl Compiler
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item BUGS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item HISTORY
-=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
+=back
+
+=head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
=over
-=item SV-RELATED CLASSES
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item B::SV METHODS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-REFCNT, FLAGS
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=item B::IV METHODS
+new ( [READER, WRITER] )
-IV, IVX, needs64bits, packiv
+=item METHODS
-=item B::NV METHODS
+reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
-NV, NVX
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item B::RV METHODS
+=item AUTHOR
-RV
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item B::PV METHODS
+=back
-PV
+=head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
-=item B::PVMG METHODS
+=over
-MAGIC, SvSTASH
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item B::MAGIC METHODS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-MOREMAGIC, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR
+=item METHODS
-=item B::PVLV METHODS
+mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
+IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
-TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item B::BM METHODS
+=item AUTHOR
-USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item B::GV METHODS
+=back
-NAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT,
-FLAGS
+=head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
-=item B::IO METHODS
+=over
-LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
-BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item B::AV METHODS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item B::CV METHODS
+=item HISTORY
-STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILEGV, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY
+=back
-=item B::HV METHODS
+=head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
-FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
+=over
-=item OP-RELATED CLASSES
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item B::OP METHODS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-next, sibling, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=item B::UNOP METHOD
+new ( [ HANDLES ] )
-first
+=item METHODS
-=item B::BINOP METHOD
+add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
+[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
+count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
-last
+=item EXAMPLE
-=item B::LOGOP METHOD
+=item AUTHOR
-other
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item B::CONDOP METHODS
+=back
-true, false
+=head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
-=item B::LISTOP METHOD
+=over
-children
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item B::PMOP METHODS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmpermflags, precomp
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=item B::SVOP METHOD
+new ( [ARGS] )
-sv
+=item METHODS
-=item B::GVOP METHOD
+accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]),
+sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected
-gv
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item B::PVOP METHOD
+=item AUTHOR
-pv
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item B::LOOP METHODS
+=back
-redoop, nextop, lastop
+=head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
-=item B::COP METHODS
+=over
-label, stash, filegv, cop_seq, arybase, line
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=back
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-main_cv, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no,
-walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), walksymtable(SYMREF,
-METHOD, RECURSE), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I),
-minus_c, cstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names, byteload_fh(FILEHANDLE)
+new ( [ARGS] )
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
-bytecode
+=item METHODS
-=item SYNOPSIS
+sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
+()
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=item SEE ALSO
-=head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
+=item AUTHOR
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
-=head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item AUTHOR
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
+new ( [ARGS] )
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item METHODS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+hostpath(), peerpath()
-=item OPTIONS
+=item SEE ALSO
-B<-ofilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
-B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-fstrip-syntax-tree>,
-B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-m>
+=item AUTHOR
-=item BUGS
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item AUTHOR
+=back
-=head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
+handles
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item OPTIONS
-
-B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
-B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fno-cog>, B<-On>
-
-=item EXAMPLES
+new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
+rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
-=item BUGS
+=item SEE ALSO
=item AUTHOR
-=head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item OPTIONS
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
-B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
-B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
-B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
+=over
-=item EXAMPLES
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item BUGS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item DIFFERENCES
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=over
+new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
-=item Loops
+=item METHODS
-=item Context of ".."
+open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
-=item Arithmetic
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Deprecated features
+=item HISTORY
=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
+handles
-=head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item AUTHOR
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
+new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item METHODS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
+$io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
+$io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
+$io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
-=item OPTIONS
+=item NOTE
-B<-p>, B<-u>I<PACKAGE>, B<-l>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>
+=item SEE ALSO
=item BUGS
-=item AUTHOR
-
-=head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item HISTORY
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
-=head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
-B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
+new ( [READER, WRITER] )
-=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
+=item METHODS
-B<-u Package>
+reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
-=item BUGS
+=item SEE ALSO
=item AUTHOR
-=head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item CONVENTIONS
+=item METHODS
-=item IMPLEMENTATION
+mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
+IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
-=item AUTHOR
+=item SEE ALSO
-=head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
+=item AUTHOR
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
+I/O objects
-=head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item AUTHOR
-
-=head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item HISTORY
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
+call
-=head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item OPTIONS
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-D[tO]>
+new ( [ HANDLES ] )
-=item BUGS
+=item METHODS
+
+add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
+[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
+count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
+
+=item EXAMPLE
=item AUTHOR
-=head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of code
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
+communications
=over
-=item Methods
-
-new, debug
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Standard Exports
+=item DESCRIPTION
-timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
-timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
-TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=item Optional Exports
+new ( [ARGS] )
-clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( )
+=item METHODS
-=back
+accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), timeout([VAL]),
+sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype, protocol, connected
-=item NOTES
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item INHERITANCE
+=item AUTHOR
-=item CAVEATS
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item AUTHORS
+=back
-=item MODIFICATION HISTORY
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
+AF_INET domain sockets
-=head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
-=item ABSTRACT
-
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=item PROGRAMMING STYLE
+new ( [ARGS] )
-=item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
+=over
-1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. Forexample,
--value is an alias for -values, 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values,
-3. Put quotes around the argument name, e.g. '-values'
+=item METHODS
-=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
+sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
+()
-=item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
+=back
-=item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
+=item AUTHOR
-=item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
+=back
-=item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
+=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
+AF_UNIX domain sockets
-=item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
+=over
-=item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
+=item CONSTRUCTOR
-=item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
+new ( [ARGS] )
-=item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
+=item METHODS
-B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
-B<:standard>, B<:all>
+hostpath(), peerpath()
-=item PRAGMAS
+=item SEE ALSO
--any, -compile, -nph, -autoload, -no_debug, -private_tempfiles
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
=back
-=item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
+=head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
=over
-=item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
-
-=item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
+=item DESCRIPTION
-B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
+=item METHODS
-=item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
+new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
+( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
+FLAGS ] ), stat
-=item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
+=item AUTHOR
-B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
-(B<-query_string>)
+=item COPYRIGHT
=back
-=item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
+=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
=over
-=item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
+=item WARNING
-=item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
+=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
+handling
=over
-=item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
+=item DESCRIPTION
-B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
+=item WARNING
-=item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
+=back
-B<Parameters>
+=head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
-=item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
+=over
-=item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
+=item DESCRIPTION
-B<Parameters>
+=item METHODS
-=item CREATING A POPUP MENU
+new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
+getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
+set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
+, VALUE ), stat
-=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
+=item SEE ALSO
-B<Parameters:>
+=item AUTHOR
-=item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
+=item COPYRIGHT
-B<Parameters:>
+=back
-=item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
+=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
-B<Parameters:>
+=over
-=item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
+=item SYNOPSIS
-B<Parameters:>
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
+ftok( PATH, ID )
-B<Parameters:>
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
+=item AUTHORS
-=item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
+=back
-B<Parameters:>
+=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
-=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
+=over
-B<Parameters:>, 3.The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type,
-and may be
-TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=back
+=item METHODS
-=item NETSCAPE COOKIES
+new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
+( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
+FLAGS ] ), stat
-1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
-B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item WORKING WITH NETSCAPE FRAMES
+=item AUTHOR
-1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
-document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
-the <FORM> tag
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
+=back
-=item DEBUGGING
+=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
+class
=over
-=item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=back
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+=item METHODS
-B<accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
-B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>Return the script
-name as a partial URL, for self-refering
-scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host
-()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
-B<request_method()>
+new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
+getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
+set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
+, VALUE ), stat
-=item USING NPH SCRIPTS
+=item SEE ALSO
-In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
-parameters in the B<header()> and B<redirect()> statements:
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Server Push
+=item COPYRIGHT
-multipart_init()
-multipart_init(-boundary=>$boundary);, multipart_start(), multipart_end()
+=back
-=item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
+=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
-B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
-basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
+=over
-=item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item CREDITS
+number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to, Rounding is
+performed
-Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
-(james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
-(mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
-(jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@csgrad1.cs.wvu.edu), Richard
-Resnick (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony
-Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom
-Christiansen (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig
-(k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au),
-Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen
-(joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni
-(david@cnation.com), Doug MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston
-(robin@oneworld.org), ...and many many more..
+=item BUGS
-=item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
+=item AUTHOR
-=item BUGS
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
-=head2 CGI::Apache - Make things work with CGI.pm against Perl-Apache API
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item NOTE 1
+Canonical notation, Input, Output
-=item NOTE 2
+=item EXAMPLES
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Autocreating constants
+
+=item BUGS
=item AUTHOR
-=head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
-other) error log
+=back
+
+=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
+functions
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
+=item OPERATIONS
-=item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
+=item CREATION
+
+=item STRINGIFICATION
=over
-=item Changing the default message
+=item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
=back
-=item CHANGE LOG
+=item USAGE
+
+=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
+
+=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
+
+=item BUGS
=item AUTHORS
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-=head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
+=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item USING CGI::Cookie
+=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
-B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
+B<tan>
=over
-=item Creating New Cookies
+=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
-=item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
+=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
-=item Recovering Previous Cookies
+=back
-=item Manipulating Cookies
+=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
-B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
+=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
+
+=over
+
+=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
+
+=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
+
+cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
+cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
=back
-=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES
+
+=item EXAMPLES
=item BUGS
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item AUTHORS
-=head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
+C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
-=item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
-=item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
+=over
-=item CAVEATS
+=item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
-=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+=back
-=item BUGS
+=item BUGS AND WARNINGS
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-=head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
+=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item USING CGI::Push
-
--next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires
-
=over
-=item Heterogeneous Pages
+=item Functions
-=item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
+Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
+$timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
=back
-=item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
-
-=item CAVEATS
+=item WARNING
-=item AUTHOR INFORMATION
+=item NOTES
-=item BUGS
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
+functions
-=head2 CGI::Switch - Try more than one constructors and return the first
-object available
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item EXAMPLES
-=item AUTHOR
+=item NOTE
-=head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
+=item AUTHOR
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
+functions
=over
-=item Interactive Mode
-
-Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
-install, clean modules or distributions, readme, look module or
-distribution, Signals
-
-=item CPAN::Shell
-
-=item autobundle
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item recompile
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
+=item EXAMPLES
-=item ProgrammerE<39>s interface
+=item NOTE
-expand($type,@things), Programming Examples
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Methods in the four
+=back
-=item Cache Manager
+=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
+functions
-=item Bundles
+=over
-=item Prerequisites
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Finding packages and VERSION
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Debugging
+=item NOTE
-=item Floppy, Zip, and all that Jazz
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item CONFIGURATION
-
-o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>, o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
-E<lt>valueE<gt>, o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>, o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
-[shift|pop], o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt> [unshift|push|splice]
-E<lt>listE<gt>
+=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
+functions
=over
-=item CD-ROM support
-
-=back
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item SECURITY
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item EXPORT
+=item EXAMPLES
-=item BUGS
+=item NOTE
=item AUTHOR
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-=head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
+=head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
-module
+=item CONVENTIONS
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item IMPLEMENTATION
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item AUTHOR
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-=head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
+=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
+
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
=over
-=item Forcing a Stack Trace
+=item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
=back
-=head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
+=item BUGS AND WARNINGS
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over
+=item NOTE
-=item The C<struct()> function
+=item WARNING
-=item Element Types and Accessor Methods
+=item Operator Names and Operator Lists
-Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
-C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
+an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
+or optag, an operator set (opset)
+
+=item Opcode Functions
+
+opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
+full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
+define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
+opdump (PAT)
+
+=item Manipulating Opsets
+
+=item TO DO (maybe)
=back
-=item EXAMPLES
+=over
-Example 1, Example 2
+=item Predefined Opcode Tags
-=item Author and Modification History
+:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
+:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
+:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
+:dangerous
-=head2 Cwd, getcwd - get pathname of current working directory
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item AUTHORS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
+=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
+compartments
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
-
-=over
+a new namespace, an operator mask
-=item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2
+=item WARNING
-=item Interface to Berkeley DB
+=over
-=item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
+=item RECENT CHANGES
-=item Default Parameters
+=item Methods in class Safe
-=item In Memory Databases
+permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
+...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
+(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
+root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
-=back
+=item Some Safety Issues
-=item DB_HASH
+Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
-=over
+=item AUTHOR
-=item A Simple Example
+=back
=back
-=item DB_BTREE
+=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
+compiling
=over
-=item Changing the BTREE sort order
-
-=item Handling Duplicate Keys
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item The get_dup() Method
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Matching Partial Keys
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item DB_RECNO
+=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
=over
-=item The 'bval' Option
-
-=item A Simple Example
-
-=item Extra Methods
+=item SYNOPSIS
-B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
-B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Another Example
+=item NOTE
-=back
+=item CAVEATS
-=item THE API INTERFACE
+=item FUNCTIONS
-B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
-$X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
-$flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
-$value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
+_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
+atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
+clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
+cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
+execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
+fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
+fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
+fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
+getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
+getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
+iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
+isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
+longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
+memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
+opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
+qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
+rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
+setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
+sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
+strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
+strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
+strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
+tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
+tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
+unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
+wctomb, write
-=item HINTS AND TIPS
+=item CLASSES
=over
-=item Locking Databases
+=item POSIX::SigAction
-=item Sharing Databases With C Applications
+new
-=item The untie() Gotcha
+=item POSIX::SigSet
-=back
+new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
-=item COMMON QUESTIONS
+=item POSIX::Termios
-=over
+new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
+getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
+setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
+field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
+values, c_oflag field values
-=item Why is there Perl source in my database?
+=back
-=item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
+=item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
-=item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
+Constants
-=item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
+=item POSIX CONSTANTS
-=back
+Constants
-=item HISTORY
+=item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
-=item BUGS
+Constants
-=item AVAILABILITY
+=item ERRNO
-=item COPYRIGHT
+Constants
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item FCNTL
-=item AUTHOR
+Constants
-=head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
-printing and C<eval>
+=item FLOAT
-=item SYNOPSIS
+Constants
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item LIMITS
-=over
+Constants
-=item Methods
+=item LOCALE
-I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
-I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dumpxs I<or>
-I<PACKAGE>->Dumpxs(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>),
-I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
-I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Reset
+Constants
-=item Functions
+=item MATH
-Dumper(I<LIST>), DumperX(I<LIST>)
+Constants
-=item Configuration Variables or Methods
+=item SIGNAL
-$Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>)
+Constants
-=item Exports
+=item STAT
-Dumper
+Constants, Macros
-=back
+=item STDLIB
-=item EXAMPLES
+Constants
-=item BUGS
+=item STDIO
-=item AUTHOR
+Constants
-=item VERSION
+=item TIME
-=item SEE ALSO
+Constants
-=head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
+=item UNISTD
-=item SYNOPSIS
+Constants
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item WAIT
-=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
+Constants, Macros
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
-=head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
-variables
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item podchecker()
-=head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
+B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
+
=over
-=item Selecting What To Export
+=item Errors
-=item Specialised Import Lists
+empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
+previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
+without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
+unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
+interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
+I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
+number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
+empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
+after =back
-=item Exporting without using Export's import method
+=item Warnings
-=item Module Version Checking
+multiple occurence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
+whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, No numeric
+argument for =over, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item
+paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one> vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped
+C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument
+for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME
+section
-=item Managing Unknown Symbols
+=item Hyperlinks
-=item Tag Handling Utility Functions
+collapsing newlines to blanks, ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in
+link, (section) in '$page' deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains
+non-escaped | or /
=back
-=head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
-Makefiles etc.
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item RETURN VALUE
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item EXAMPLES
-cat, eqtime src dst, rm_f files..., rm_f files..., touch files .., mv
-source... destination, cp source... destination, chmod mode files.., mkpath
-directory.., test_f file
+=item INTERFACE
-=item BUGS
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
-=item AUTHOR
+C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
+@args )>
-=head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
+C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
-=item @EXPORT
+C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
-=item FUNCTIONS
+C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
-xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
-ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
+=over
-=item EXAMPLES
+=item AUTHOR
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
-=head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
-=item USAGE
+C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
+1>
-=item FUNCTIONS
+=back
-new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
-packlist(), version()
+=over
-=item EXAMPLE
+=item C<simplify_name( $str )>
-=item AUTHOR
+=back
-=head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
+1>
-For static extensions, For dynamic extensions, For dynamic extensions
+=back
=over
-=item EXTRALIBS
-
-=item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
-
-=item BSLOADLIBS
+=item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
=back
-=item PORTABILITY
-
=over
-=item VMS implementation
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Win32 implementation
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
-=head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
-ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+=item ARGUMENTS
-=item SYNOPSIS
+backlink, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile,
+libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title,
+verbose
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item EXAMPLE
-=item METHODS
+=item ENVIRONMENT
-=over
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Preloaded methods
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
-canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, rootdir, updir
+=back
-=item SelfLoaded methods
+=head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
+commands, etc.
-c_o (o), cflags (o), clean (o), const_cccmd (o), const_config (o),
-const_loadlibs (o), constants (o), depend (o), dir_target (o), dist (o),
-dist_basics (o), dist_ci (o), dist_core (o), dist_dir (o), dist_test (o),
-dlsyms (o), dynamic (o), dynamic_bs (o), dynamic_lib (o), exescan,
-extliblist, file_name_is_absolute, find_perl
+=over
-=item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
+=item SYNOPSIS
-fixin, force (o), guess_name, has_link_code, init_dirscan, init_main,
-init_others, install (o), installbin (o), libscan (o), linkext (o), lsdir,
-macro (o), makeaperl (o), makefile (o), manifypods (o), maybe_command,
-maybe_command_in_dirs, needs_linking (o), nicetext, parse_version,
-parse_abstract, pasthru (o), path, perl_script, perldepend (o), ppd,
-perm_rw (o), perm_rwx (o), pm_to_blib, post_constants (o), post_initialize
-(o), postamble (o), prefixify, processPL (o), realclean (o),
-replace_manpage_separator, static (o), static_lib (o), staticmake (o),
-subdir_x (o), subdirs (o), test (o), test_via_harness (o), test_via_script
-(o), tool_autosplit (o), tools_other (o), tool_xsubpp (o), top_targets (o),
-writedoc, xs_c (o), xs_o (o), perl_archive, export_list
+=item REQUIRES
-=back
+=item EXPORTS
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
-ExtUtils::MakeMaker
+package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
+B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
+
+=back
+
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item B<Pod::InputSource>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
=over
-=item Methods always loaded
+=item B<new()>
-eliminate_macros, fixpath, catdir, catfile, wraplist, curdir (override),
-rootdir (override), updir (override)
+=back
-=item SelfLoaded methods
+=over
-guess_name (override), find_perl (override), path (override), maybe_command
-(override), maybe_command_in_dirs (override), perl_script (override),
-file_name_is_absolute (override), replace_manpage_separator, init_others
-(override), constants (override), cflags (override), const_cccmd
-(override), pm_to_blib (override), tool_autosplit (override), tool_sxubpp
-(override), xsubpp_version (override), tools_other (override), dist
-(override), c_o (override), xs_c (override), xs_o (override), top_targets
-(override), dlsyms (override), dynamic_lib (override), dynamic_bs
-(override), static_lib (override), manifypods (override), processPL
-(override), installbin (override), subdir_x (override), clean (override),
-realclean (override), dist_basics (override), dist_core (override),
-dist_dir (override), dist_test (override), install (override), perldepend
-(override), makefile (override), test (override), test_via_harness
-(override), test_via_script (override), makeaperl (override), nicetext
-(override)
+=item B<name()>
=back
-=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
-ExtUtils::MakeMaker
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item B<handle()>
-catfile, constants (o), static_lib (o), dynamic_bs (o), dynamic_lib (o),
-canonpath, perl_script, pm_to_blib, test_via_harness (o), tool_autosplit
-(override), tools_other (o), xs_o (o), top_targets (o), manifypods (o),
-dist_ci (o), dist_core (o), pasthru (o)
+=back
-=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item B<was_cutting()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
=over
-=item How To Write A Makefile.PL
+=item B<Pod::Paragraph>
-=item Default Makefile Behaviour
+=back
-=item make test
+=over
-=item make testdb
+=item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
-=item make install
+=back
-=item PREFIX and LIB attribute
+=over
-=item AFS users
+=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
-=item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
+=back
-=item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
+=over
-=item Which architecture dependent directory?
+=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
-=item Using Attributes and Parameters
+=back
-C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
-EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, NO_VC, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, H, IMPORTS, INC,
-INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR,
-INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITELIB,
-INSTALLSITEARCH, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_EXE, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
-INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDFROM, LIBPERL_A, LIB, LIBS, LINKTYPE,
-MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME,
-NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERLMAINCC,
-PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM,
-PMLIBDIRS, PREFIX, PREREQ_PM, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS,
-XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
+=over
-=item Additional lowercase attributes
+=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
-clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, installpm, linkext, macro, realclean,
-tool_autosplit
+=back
-=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
+=over
-=item Hintsfile support
+=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
-=item Distribution Support
+=back
-make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
-make distdir, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make
-shdist, make zipdist, make ci
+=over
-=item Disabling an extension
+=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
-
-=item AUTHORS
+=over
-=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
+=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=item MANIFEST.SKIP
+=item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
-=item EXPORT_OK
+=back
-=item GLOBAL VARIABLES
+=over
-=item DIAGNOSTICS
+=item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
-C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>, C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>,
-C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
-=head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
-=head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
-extension
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
-NAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, DLBASE
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=item REVISION
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
-=head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
-=item USAGE
+=back
-=item FUNCTIONS
+=over
-new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
-=item EXAMPLE
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
-=head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
-=item NOTE
+=back
-=item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
+=over
-=head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
+=item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
+=item B<Pod::ParseTree>
-=item EXAMPLES
+=back
-C<basename>, C<dirname>
+=over
-=head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
+=item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
+=item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=item RETURN
+=item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
-=item AUTHOR
+=back
-=head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
=over
-=item Special behavior if C<syscopy> is defined (VMS and OS/2)
-
-rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
+=item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
=back
-=item RETURN
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
-=head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
-=item EXPORTS (by request only)
+=back
-=item BUGS
+=over
+
+=item SEE ALSO
=item AUTHOR
-=item HISTORY
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
-=head2 File::Find, find - traverse a file tree
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item BUGS
+=back
-=head2 File::Path - create or remove a series of directories
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item OBJECT METHODS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+C<initialize>
-=item AUTHORS
+=back
-=item REVISION
+=over
-=head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
+=item Data Accessors
-=item SYNOPSIS
+B<AddPreamble>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+B<AddPostamble>
-=item AUTHORS
+B<Head1Level>
-=head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for MacOS
+B<Label>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+B<LevelNoNum>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+B<MakeIndex>
-=item METHODS
+B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
-canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, rootdir, updir, file_name_is_absolute,
-path
+B<StartWithNewPage>
-=item SEE ALSO
+B<TableOfContents>
-=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
+B<UniqueLabels>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+B<UserPreamble>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+B<UserPostamble>
-=head2 File::Spec::Unix - methods used by File::Spec
+B<Lists>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Subclassed methods
-=item METHODS
+=back
-canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, rootdir, updir, no_upwards,
-file_name_is_absolute, path, join, nativename
+B<begin_pod>
-=item SEE ALSO
+B<end_pod>
-=head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
+B<command>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+B<verbatim>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+B<textblock>
+
+B<interior_sequence>
=over
-=item Methods always loaded
+=item List Methods
-catdir, catfile, curdir (override), rootdir (override), updir (override),
-path (override), file_name_is_absolute (override)
+B<begin_list>
=back
-=head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
+B<end_list>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+B<add_item>
-catfile, canonpath
+=over
-=head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
+=item Methods for headings
-=item SYNOPSIS
+B<head>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item NOTE
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Internal methods
-=head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
+B<_output>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+B<_replace_special_chars>
-=item BUGS
+B<_create_label>
-=head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
+B<_create_index>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+B<_clean_latex_commands>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
+=item NOTES
=item SEE ALSO
-=head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
-
-=item KNOWN BUGS
-
=item AUTHORS
=item COPYRIGHT
=item REVISION
-=head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=item AVAILABILITY
-
-=item BUGS
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
-=head2 Getopt::Long, GetOptions - extended processing of command line
-options
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-!, +, :s, :i, :f
-
-=over
+center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, release,
+section
-=item Linkage specification
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
-=item Aliases and abbreviations
+roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not `%s', Invalid link %s, Unknown escape
+EE<lt>%sE<gt>, Unknown sequence %s, Unmatched =back
-=item Non-option call-back routine
+=item BUGS
-=item Option starters
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Return values and Errors
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item COMPATIBILITY
+=head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
-=item EXAMPLES
+=over
-=item CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
+=item SYNOPSIS
-default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, require_order, permute, bundling
-(default: reset), bundling_override (default: reset), ignore_case
-(default: set), ignore_case_always (default: reset), pass_through (default:
-reset), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: reset)
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item OTHER USEFUL VARIABLES
+=back
-$Getopt::Long::VERSION, $Getopt::Long::error
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Pod::List
-=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
+Pod::List-E<gt>new()
-=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
-clustering
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+$list-E<gt>file()
-=item DESCRIPTION
+$list-E<gt>start()
-=head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
-locale
+$list-E<gt>indent()
-=item SYNOPSIS
+$list-E<gt>type()
-=item DESCRIPTION
+$list-E<gt>rx()
-=head2 IO - load various IO modules
+$list-E<gt>item()
-=item SYNOPSIS
+$list-E<gt>parent()
-=item DESCRIPTION
+$list-E<gt>tag()
-=head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item Pod::Hyperlink
-=item DESCRIPTION
+Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
-=item CONSTRUCTOR
+=back
-new ([ ARGS ] ), new_tmpfile
+$link-E<gt>parse($string)
-=item METHODS
+$link-E<gt>markup($string)
-open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
+$link-E<gt>text()
-=item SEE ALSO
+$link-E<gt>warning()
-=item HISTORY
+$link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
-=head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
-handles
+$link-E<gt>page()
-=item SYNOPSIS
+$link-E<gt>node()
-=item DESCRIPTION
+$link-E<gt>alttext()
-=item CONSTRUCTOR
+$link-E<gt>type()
-new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
+$link-E<gt>link()
-=item METHODS
+=over
-$fh->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $fh->opened, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines,
-$fh->ungetc ( ORD ), $fh->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET }\] ), $fh->flush,
-$fh->error, $fh->clearerr, $fh->untaint
+=item Pod::Cache
-=item NOTE
+Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-=item BUGS
+$cache-E<gt>item()
-=item HISTORY
+$cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
-=head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::pipe - supply object methods for pipes
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item Pod::Cache::Item
-=item DESCRIPTION
+Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
-=item CONSTRCUTOR
+=back
-new ( [READER, WRITER] )
+$cacheitem-E<gt>page()
-=item METHODS
+$cacheitem-E<gt>description()
-reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
+$cacheitem-E<gt>path()
-=item SEE ALSO
+$cacheitem-E<gt>file()
-=item AUTHOR
+$cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
-=item COPYRIGHT
+$cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
-=head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
-I/O objects
+$cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item AUTHOR
=item SEE ALSO
-=item HISTORY
+=back
-=head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
-call
+=head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
+=item REQUIRES
+
+=item EXPORTS
+
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item CONSTRUCTOR
+=item QUICK OVERVIEW
-new ( [ HANDLES ] )
+=item PARSING OPTIONS
-=item METHODS
+B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
+B<-warnings> (default: unset)
-add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
-[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_error ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count
-(), bits(), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
+=back
-=item EXAMPLE
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=back
-=head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
-communications
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item B<command()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
-=item CONSTRUCTOR
+=back
-new ( [ARGS] )
+=over
-=item METHODS
+=item B<verbatim()>
-accept([PKG]), timeout([VAL]), sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), sockdomain, socktype,
-protocol
+C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
-=item SUB-CLASSES
+=back
=over
-=item IO::Socket::INET
-
-=item METHODS
+=item B<textblock()>
-sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
-()
+C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
-=item IO::Socket::UNIX
+=back
-=item METHODS
+=over
-hostpath(), peerpath()
+=item B<interior_sequence()>
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
-
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
-=head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item B<new()>
-=item WARNING
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=over
-=head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
-handling
+=item B<initialize()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=item WARNING
+=item B<begin_pod()>
-=head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item B<begin_input()>
-ftok( PATH, ID )
+=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=over
-=item AUTHORS
+=item B<end_input()>
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=back
-=head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item B<end_pod()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item METHODS
+=over
-new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
-( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
-FLAGS ] ), stat
+=item B<preprocess_line()>
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=over
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
-=head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
-class
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
-=item METHODS
+=back
-new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
-getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
-set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
-, VALUE ), stat
+=over
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item B<parse_text()>
-=item AUTHOR
+B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
+I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
+I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=back
-=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary length float math package
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item B<interpolate()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-number format, Error returns 'NaN', Division is computed to
+=over
-=item BUGS
+=item B<parse_paragraph()>
-=item AUTHOR
+=back
-=head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-Canonical notation, Input, Output
+=over
-=item EXAMPLES
+=item B<parse_from_file()>
-=item Autocreating constants
+=back
-=item BUGS
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item ACCESSOR METHODS
-=head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
-functions
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item B<errorsub()>
-=item OPERATIONS
+=back
-=item CREATION
+=over
-=item STRINGIFICATION
+=item B<cutting()>
-=item USAGE
+=back
-=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
+=over
-=item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
+=item B<parseopts()>
-=item BUGS
+=back
-=item AUTHORS
+=over
-=head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
+=item B<output_file()>
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-=item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
+=item B<output_handle()>
-B<tan>
+=back
=over
-=item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
-
-=item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
+=item B<input_file()>
=back
-=item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
+=over
-=item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
+=item B<input_handle()>
+
+=back
=over
-=item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
+=item B<input_streams()>
-=item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
+=back
-cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
-cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
+=over
-=back
+=item B<top_stream()>
-=item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES
+=back
-=item EXAMPLES
+=over
-=item BUGS
+=item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
-=item AUTHORS
+=back
-=head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item B<_push_input_stream()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item B<_pop_input_stream()>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
=over
-=item Functions
-
-Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [,
-$timeout]);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);
+=item TREE-BASED PARSING
-=back
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item WARNING
+=item AUTHOR
-=item NOTES
+=back
-=head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
-functions
+=head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item EXAMPLES
+=over
-=item NOTE
+=item EXPORT
+
+=back
=item AUTHOR
-=head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
-functions
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
+input
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
+=item REQUIRES
+
+=item EXPORTS
+
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item EXAMPLES
+=item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
-=item NOTE
+=item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
-=item AUTHOR
+=back
-=head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
-functions
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item OBJECT METHODS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=item NOTE
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item B<curr_headings()>
-=head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
-functions
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item B<select()>
-=item EXAMPLES
+=back
-=item NOTE
+=over
-=item AUTHOR
+=item B<add_selection()>
-=head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item B<clear_selections()>
-=head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
+=back
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item B<match_section()>
-=item NOTE
+=back
-=item WARNING
+=over
-=item Operator Names and Operator Lists
+=item B<is_selected()>
-an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
-or optag, an operator set (opset)
+=back
-=item Opcode Functions
+=over
-opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
-full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
-define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
-opdump (PAT)
+=item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
-=item Manipulating Opsets
+=back
-=item TO DO (maybe)
+=over
-=item Predefined Opcode Tags
+=item B<podselect()>
-:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
-:base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
-:filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
-:dangerous
+B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-=item AUTHORS
+=over
-=head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
-compartments
+=item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
-a new namespace, an operator mask
+=item B<_compile_section_spec()>
-=item WARNING
+=back
=over
-=item RECENT CHANGES
+=item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
-=item Methods in class Safe
+=back
-permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
-...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
-(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
-root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
+=over
-=item Some Safety Issues
+=item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
-Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
+=back
+
+=over
+
+=item SEE ALSO
=item AUTHOR
=back
-=head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
-compiling
+=head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
+
+=over
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item SEE ALSO
+alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
-=head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
-=item SYNOPSIS
+Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
+Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item RESTRICTIONS
-=item NOTE
+=item NOTES
-=item CAVEATS
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item FUNCTIONS
+=item AUTHOR
-_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
-atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
-clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
-cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
-execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
-fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
-fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
-fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
-getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
-getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
-iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
-isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
-longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
-memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
-opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
-qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
-rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
-setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
-sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
-strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
-strncat, strncmp, strncpy, stroul, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr,
-strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh,
-tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times,
-tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname,
-ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid,
-wcstombs, wctomb, write
+=back
-=item CLASSES
+=head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
=over
-=item POSIX::SigAction
-
-new
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item POSIX::SigSet
+=item DESCRIPTION
-new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
+=item BUGS
-=item POSIX::Termios
+=item SEE ALSO
-new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
-getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
-setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
-field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
-values, c_oflag field values
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
+=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
+text with format escapes
-Constants
+=over
-=item POSIX CONSTANTS
+=item SYNOPSIS
-Constants
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
+=item SEE ALSO
-Constants
+=item AUTHOR
-=item ERRNO
+=back
-Constants
+=head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
+documentation
-=item FCNTL
+=over
-Constants
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item FLOAT
+=item ARGUMENTS
-Constants
+C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
+C<-pathlist>
-=item LIMITS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-Constants
+=item EXAMPLES
-=item LOCALE
+=over
-Constants
+=item Recommended Use
-=item MATH
+=back
-Constants
+=item CAVEATS
-=item SIGNAL
+=item AUTHOR
-Constants
+=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
-=item STAT
+=back
-Constants, Macros
+=head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
-=item STDLIB
+=over
-Constants
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item STDIO
+=item DESCRIPTION
-Constants
+C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
-=item TIME
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
-Constants
+=over
-=item UNISTD
+=item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
-Constants
+=back
-=item WAIT
+=item BUGS AND WARNINGS
-Constants, Macros
+=back
-=item CREATION
+=head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
-=head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item ARGUMENTS
-
-help, htmlroot, infile, outfile, podroot, podpath, libpods, netscape,
-nonetscape, index, noindex, recurse, norecurse, title, verbose
-
-=item EXAMPLE
+a new namespace, an operator mask
-=item AUTHOR
+=item WARNING
-=item BUGS
+=over
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item RECENT CHANGES
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item Methods in class Safe
-=head2 Pod::Text - convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
+permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
+...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
+(PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
+root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item Some Safety Issues
-=item DESCRIPTION
+Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
=item AUTHOR
-=item TODO
-
-=head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
=head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
+
=head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
+
=head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
+=back
+
=head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
+
+=item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
+
+=back
+
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
socket.h defines and structure manipulators
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN,
pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
+=back
+
+=head2 Storable - persistency for perl data structures
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item MEMORY STORE
+
+=item SPEED
+
+=item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
+
+=item ERROR REPORTING
+
+=item WIZARDS ONLY
+
+=over
+
+=item Hooks
+
+C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
+I<serialized>, ..
+
+=item Predicates
+
+C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
+C<Storable::is_retrieving>
+
+=item Recursion
+
+=item Deep Cloning
+
+=back
+
+=item EXAMPLES
+
+=item WARNING
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=item CREDITS
+
+=item TRANSLATIONS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
=head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
+
=head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item EXAMPLES
-=item DEPENDENCIES
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
+Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
+setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type (added in 5.004_02),
+closelog
+
+=item EXAMPLES
=item SEE ALSO
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
+=head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
+
+Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
+comma allowed after filehandle, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
+subs" in use
+
+=item RESTRICTIONS
+
+=item NOTES
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=back
+
=head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item EXAMPLES
+=back
+
=head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item ENVIRONMENT
-=head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
+=back
+
+=head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
+=item RETURN VALUE
+
=item ONFAIL
=item SEE ALSO
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item BUGS
+=back
+
=head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item EXAMPLE
+=back
+
=head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
arrays
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item EXAMPLES
-0a simple word, 1multiple spaces are skipped because of our $delim, 2use of
-quotes to include a space in a word, 3use of a backslash to include a space
-in a word, 4use of a backslash to remove the special meaning of a
-double-quote, 5another simple word (note the lack of effect of the
+0 a simple word, 1 multiple spaces are skipped because of our $delim, 2 use
+of quotes to include a space in a word, 3 use of a backslash to include a
+space in a word, 4 use of a backslash to remove the special meaning of a
+double-quote, 5 another simple word (note the lack of effect of the
backslashed double-quote)
=item AUTHORS
+=back
+
=head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
by Knuth
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
unexpand(1)
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item EXAMPLE
-=item BUGS
-
=item AUTHOR
-=head2 Thread - multithreading
+=back
+
+=head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (EXPERIMENTAL, subject to
+change)
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
new \&start_sub, new \&start_sub, LIST, lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
Thread->self, Thread->list, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
-cond_broadcast VARIABLE
+cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
=item METHODS
-join, eval, tid
+join, eval, detach, equal, tid
=item LIMITATIONS
=item SEE ALSO
+=back
+
=head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item SEE ALSO
+=back
+
=head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
+=back
+
=head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item BUGS
+=back
+
=head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
=head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item DESCRIPTION
TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
-FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, CLEAR this,
-DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST,
-SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
+FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
+key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
+SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
=item CAVEATS
=item AUTHOR
-=head2 Tie::Handle - base class definitions for tied handles
+=back
+
+=head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
+handles
+
+=over
=item SYNOPSIS
TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
-READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
+READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
+EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
=item MORE INFORMATION
+=back
+
=head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash - base class definitions for tied hashes
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item MORE INFORMATION
+=back
+
=head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item SEE ALSO
+=back
+
=head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
scalars
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item MORE INFORMATION
+=back
+
=head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item CAVEATS
+=back
+
=head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item IMPLEMENTATION
+
+=item BUGS
+
+=back
+
=head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
function
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
function
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
isa ( TYPE ), can ( METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] ), UNIVERSAL::isa (
VAL, TYPE ), UNIVERSAL::can ( VAL, METHOD )
+=back
+
=head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
functions
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
=head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
functions
+=over
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
+=over
+
+=item System Specifics
+
+=back
+
=item NOTE
=item AUTHOR
+=item HISTORY
+
+March 18th, 2000
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
+
+=over
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over
+
+=item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
+
+Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
+Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
+Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
+Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
+Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
+Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
+Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(),
+Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
+PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown(MACHINE,
+MESSAGE, TIMEOUT, FORCECLOSE, REBOOT), Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(),
+Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), Win32::LoginName(),
+Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, SIDTYPE),
+Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
+Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
+Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY),
+Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS,
+PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
+
+=over
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
=head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
don't all have manual pages yet:
+=over
+
=item a2p
=item s2p
=item wrapsuid
+=back
+
=head1 AUTHOR
Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blobdiff