+# !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!!
+# This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods.
+# Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes.
+
=head1 NAME
perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
=back
-=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2002/03/11
-21:32:23 $)
+=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
+
+=item The Solution
+
+=item Syntax
+
=over 4
-=item perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.
+=item Making References
-=item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
+=item Using References
-=item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
+=item An Example
-=item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
+=item Arrow Rule
-=item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
+=back
-=item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
+=item Solution
-=item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
+=item The Rest
-=item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
+=item Summary
-=item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
+=item Credits
-=item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
+=over 4
+
+=item Distribution Conditions
+
+=back
=back
-=item About the perlfaq documents
+=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
=over 4
-=item Where to get the perlfaq
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How to contribute to the perlfaq
+arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
+more elaborate constructs
-=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
-authors
+=item REFERENCES
-=back
+=item COMMON MISTAKES
-=item Credits
+=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
-=item Author and Copyright Information
+=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
+
+=item DEBUGGING
+
+=item CODE EXAMPLES
+
+=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
=over 4
-=item Bundled Distributions
+=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
-=item Disclaimer
+=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
+
+=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
=back
-=item Changes
+=item HASHES OF ARRAYS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
-1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98,
-24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,
-Initial Release: 11/March/97
+=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
+
+=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
=back
-=head2 perlbook - Perl book information
+=item ARRAYS OF HASHES
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
+
+=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
+
+=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
=back
-=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
+=item HASHES OF HASHES
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
-=over 4
+=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
-=item Declarations
+=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
-=item Simple statements
+=back
-=item Compound statements
+=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
-=item Loop Control
+=over 4
-=item For Loops
+=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
-=item Foreach Loops
+=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
-=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
+=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
-=item Goto
+=back
-=item PODs: Embedded Documentation
+=item Database Ties
-=item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
+=item SEE ALSO
-=back
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=head2 perldata - Perl data types
+=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
=over 4
=over 4
-=item Variable names
-
-=item Context
-
-=item Scalar values
+=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
-=item Scalar value constructors
+=item Growing Your Own
-=item List value constructors
+=item Access and Printing
=item Slices
-=item Typeglobs and Filehandles
-
=back
=item SEE ALSO
+=item AUTHOR
+
=back
-=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
+=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item The Guide
+
=over 4
-=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
+=item Simple word matching
-=item The Arrow Operator
+=item Using character classes
-=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
+=item Matching this or that
-=item Exponentiation
+=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
-=item Symbolic Unary Operators
+=item Extracting matches
-=item Binding Operators
+=item Matching repetitions
-=item Multiplicative Operators
+=item More matching
-=item Additive Operators
+=item Search and replace
-=item Shift Operators
+=item The split operator
-=item Named Unary Operators
+=back
-=item Relational Operators
+=item BUGS
-=item Equality Operators
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Bitwise And
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
+=over 4
-=item C-style Logical And
+=item Acknowledgments
-=item C-style Logical Or
+=back
-=item Range Operators
+=back
-=item Conditional Operator
+=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
-=item Assignment Operators
+=over 4
-=item Comma Operator
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item List Operators (Rightward)
+=item Part 1: The basics
-=item Logical Not
+=over 4
-=item Logical And
+=item Simple word matching
-=item Logical or and Exclusive Or
+=item Using character classes
-=item C Operators Missing From Perl
+=item Matching this or that
-unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
+=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
-=item Quote and Quote-like Operators
+=item Extracting matches
-=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
+=item Matching repetitions
-?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
-qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
-s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
-y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
+=item Building a regexp
-=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
+=item Using regular expressions in Perl
-Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
-C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
-C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
-C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
-regular expressions
+=back
-=item I/O Operators
+=item Part 2: Power tools
-=item Constant Folding
+=over 4
-=item Bitwise String Operators
+=item More on characters, strings, and character classes
-=item Integer Arithmetic
+=item Compiling and saving regular expressions
-=item Floating-point Arithmetic
+=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
-=item Bigger Numbers
+=item Non-capturing groupings
-=back
+=item Looking ahead and looking behind
-=back
+=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
-=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
+=item Conditional expressions
-=over 4
+=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item Pragmas and debugging
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=over 4
+=item BUGS
-=item Private Variables via my()
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Persistent Private Variables
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-=item Temporary Values via local()
+=over 4
-=item Lvalue subroutines
+=item Acknowledgments
-Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
+=back
-=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
+=back
-=item When to Still Use local()
+=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
-=item Pass by Reference
+=over 4
-=item Prototypes
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Constant Functions
+=over 4
-=item Overriding Built-in Functions
+=item If we could talk to the animals...
-=item Autoloading
+=item Introducing the method invocation arrow
-=item Subroutine Attributes
+=item Invoking a barnyard
-=back
+=item The extra parameter of method invocation
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Calling a second method to simplify things
-=back
+=item Inheriting the windpipes
-=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
+=item A few notes about @ISA
-=over 4
+=item Overriding the methods
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Starting the search from a different place
-=over 4
+=item The SUPER way of doing things
-=item Perl Functions by Category
+=item Where we're at so far...
-Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
-Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
-Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
-length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
-Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
-to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
-groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
-object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
-communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
-info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
-in perl5
+=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
-=item Portability
+=item Invoking an instance method
-=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
+=item Accessing the instance data
-I<-X> FILEHANDLE, I<-X> EXPR, I<-X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
-NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
-binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless
-REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp(
-LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
-chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
-connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
-dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
-EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
-each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
-exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
-FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
-fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
-getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
-NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
-NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
-ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
-getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
-getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
-STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
-endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
-getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
-goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
-import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
-FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
-last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
-link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
-lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
-EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget
-KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my
-TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no
-Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct
-EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
-FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE,
-opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR :
-ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE,
-package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos,
-print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST,
-printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/,
-qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta,
-rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
-FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
-readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
-ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
-require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
-DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
-rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
-DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
-semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
-SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
-WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
-shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
-shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
-EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
-SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
-sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
-splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
-/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR,
-sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR,
-study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub
-NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr
-EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall
-LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen
-FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET,
-sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE,
-system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET,
-syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell
-FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied
-VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate
-EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef
-EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE,
-unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module
-LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec
-EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write
-FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
+=item How to build a horse
-=back
+=item Inheriting the constructor
-=back
+=item Making a method work with either classes or instances
-=head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
+=item Adding parameters to a method
-=over 4
+=item More interesting instances
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item A horse of a different color
-=item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
+=item Summary
-=item The Solution
+=back
-=item Syntax
+=item SEE ALSO
-=over 4
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item Making References
+=back
-=item Using References
+=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
-=back
+=over 4
-=item An Example
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Arrow Rule
+=item Creating a Class
-=item Solution
+=over 4
-=item The Rest
+=item Object Representation
-=item Summary
+=item Class Interface
-=item Credits
+=item Constructors and Instance Methods
-=over 4
+=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
-=item Distribution Conditions
+=item Destructors
-=back
+=item Other Object Methods
=back
-=head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
+=item Class Data
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
-more elaborate constructs
-
-=item REFERENCES
+=item Accessing Class Data
-=item COMMON MISTAKES
+=item Debugging Methods
-=item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
+=item Class Destructors
-=item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
+=item Documenting the Interface
-=item DEBUGGING
+=back
-=item CODE EXAMPLES
+=item Aggregation
-=item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
+=item Inheritance
=over 4
-=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
+=item Overridden Methods
-=item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
+=item Multiple Inheritance
-=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
+=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
=back
-=item HASHES OF ARRAYS
+=item Alternate Object Representations
=over 4
-=item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
-
-=item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
+=item Arrays as Objects
-=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
+=item Closures as Objects
=back
-=item ARRAYS OF HASHES
+=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
=over 4
-=item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
-
-=item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
+=item Autoloaded Data Methods
-=item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
+=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
=back
-=item HASHES OF HASHES
+=item Metaclassical Tools
=over 4
-=item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
-
-=item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
+=item Class::Struct
-=item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
+=item Data Members as Variables
=back
-=item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
+=item NOTES
=over 4
-=item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
+=item Object Terminology
-=item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
+=back
-=item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
+=item SEE ALSO
-=back
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-=item Database Ties
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item SEE ALSO
+=over 4
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Acknowledgments
=back
-=head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
+=back
+
+=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item The Guide
+=item Class Data in a Can
+
+=item Class Data as Package Variables
=over 4
-=item Simple word matching
+=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
-=item Using character classes
+=item Inheritance Concerns
-=item Matching this or that
+=item The Eponymous Meta-Object
-=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
+=item Indirect References to Class Data
-=item Extracting matches
+=item Monadic Classes
-=item Matching repetitions
+=item Translucent Attributes
-=item More matching
+=back
-=item Search and replace
+=item Class Data as Lexical Variables
-=item The split operator
+=over 4
+
+=item Privacy and Responsibility
+
+=item File-Scoped Lexicals
+
+=item More Inheritance Concerns
+
+=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
+
+=item Translucency Revisited
=back
-=item BUGS
+=item NOTES
=item SEE ALSO
=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-=over 4
-
-=item Acknowledgments
+=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
-=back
+=item HISTORY
=back
-=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
+=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over 4
+=item OO SCALING TIPS
-=item Ordinary Paragraph
+=item INSTANCE VARIABLES
-=item Verbatim Paragraph
+=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
-=item Command Paragraph
+=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
-C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
-Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
-I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
-I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>
+=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
-=item Formatting Codes
+=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
-C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
-C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
-C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
-for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
-C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
-(zero-effect) formatting code
+=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
-=item The Intent
+=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
-=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
+=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
-=item Hints for Writing Pod
+=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
-=back
+=item DELEGATION
=item SEE ALSO
-=item AUTHOR
-
=back
-=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
-notes
+=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Pod Definitions
-
-=item Pod Commands
-
-"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
-"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."
-
-=item Pod Formatting Codes
-
-C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
-C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
-filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
-null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
-C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
-contains non-breaking spaces
-
-=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
-
-=item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
+=back
-First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
+=head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
-=item About =over...=back Regions
+=over 4
-=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item SEE ALSO
+=over 4
-=item AUTHOR
+=item The sheet
=back
-=head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
+=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
-=over 4
+=item AUTHOR
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
=item Awk Traps
-=item C Traps
+=item C/C++ Traps
=item Sed Traps
Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
-Regular Expression
+Regular Expression, Regular Expression
=item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
=back
-=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
+=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over 4
+=item use strict
-=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
+=item Looking at data and -w and v
-OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
+=item help
-=item Location of Perl
+=item Stepping through code
-=item Command Switches
+=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
-B<-0>[I<digits>], B<-a>, B<-C>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
-B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>,
-B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
-B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
-B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
-B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
-B<-X>, B<-x> I<directory>
+=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
-=back
+=item OUTPUT TIPS
-=item ENVIRONMENT
+=item CGI
-HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
-:perlio, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
-PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
-PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port),
-SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
+=item GUIs
-=back
+=item SUMMARY
-=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
+=item SEE ALSO
-=over 4
+=item AUTHOR
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item CONTRIBUTORS
=back
-=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
+=head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2003/01/31
+17:37:17 $)
=over 4
=over 4
-=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
-
-=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
-
-=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
-
-B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>
-
-=item Backward Compatibility
-
-=item Category Hierarchy
+=item Where to get the perlfaq
-=item Fatal Warnings
+=item How to contribute to the perlfaq
-=item Reporting Warnings from a Module
+=item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
+authors
=back
-=item TODO
+=item Credits
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Author and Copyright Information
-=item AUTHOR
+=over 4
-=back
+=item Bundled Distributions
-=head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
+=item Disclaimer
-=over 4
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Table of Contents
-=item use strict
+perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
+- Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
+- Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
+Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
+Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
-=item Looking at data and -w and v
+=item The Questions
-=item help
+=over 4
-=item Stepping through code
+=item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
-=item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
+=item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
-=item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
+=item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
-=item OUTPUT TIPS
+=item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
-=item CGI
+=item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
-=item GUIs
+=item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
-=item SUMMARY
+=item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
-=item AUTHOR
+=item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
-=item CONTRIBUTORS
+=back
=back
-=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
+=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.14 $, $Date:
+2003/11/23 08:02:29 $)
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item The Perl Debugger
-
=over 4
-=item Debugger Commands
+=item What is Perl?
-h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
-[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
-min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
-?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
-subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
-compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
-expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
-command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{
-command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source file, H -number, q
-or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man [manpage]
+=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
-=item Configurable Options
+=item Which version of Perl should I use?
-C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
-C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
-C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
-C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
-C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
-C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
-C<NonStop>
+=item What are perl4 and perl5?
-=item Debugger input/output
+=item What is Ponie?
-Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
-listing
+=item What is perl6?
-=item Debugging compile-time statements
+=item How stable is Perl?
-=item Debugger Customization
+=item Is Perl difficult to learn?
-=item Readline Support
+=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
+Scheme, or Tcl?
-=item Editor Support for Debugging
+=item Can I do [task] in Perl?
-=item The Perl Profiler
+=item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
-=back
+=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
-=item Debugging regular expressions
+=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
-=item Debugging memory usage
+=item What is a JAPH?
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
-=item BUGS
+=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
+5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
=back
-=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.25 $,
+$Date: 2003/10/16 04:57:38 $)
=over 4
=over 4
-=item Predefined Names
+=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
-$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
-$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*,
-HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
-IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
-HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
-IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
-IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
-$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,
-HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
-HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
-HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
-@-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
-C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
-$+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
-is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
-C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
-$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
-IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
-$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
-$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
-$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
-$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
-$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
-$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
-$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
-${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
-0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S,
-$BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W,
-${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV,
-$ARGV, @ARGV, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}
+=item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
-=item Error Indicators
+=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
-=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
+=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
+don't work.
-=back
+=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
+loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
-=item BUGS
+=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
+What does CPAN/src/... mean?
-=back
+=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
-=head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
+=item Where can I get information on Perl?
-=over 4
+=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Where should I post source code?
-=over 4
+=item Perl Books
-=item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
+References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
-=item Growing Your Own
+=item Perl in Magazines
-=item Access and Printing
+=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
-=item Slices
+=item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
-=back
+=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Where do I send bug reports?
+
+=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
=back
-=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.37 $, $Date: 2003/11/24
+19:55:50 $)
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Open E<agrave> la shell
-
=over 4
-=item Simple Opens
+=item How do I do (anything)?
-=item Pipe Opens
+=item How can I use Perl interactively?
-=item The Minus File
+=item Is there a Perl shell?
-=item Mixing Reads and Writes
+=item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
-=item Filters
+=item How do I debug my Perl programs?
-=back
+=item How do I profile my Perl programs?
-=item Open E<agrave> la C
+=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
-=over 4
+=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
-=item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
+=item Is there a ctags for Perl?
-=back
+=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
-=item Obscure Open Tricks
+Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl,
+GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
+MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
-=over 4
+=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
-=item Re-Opening Files (dups)
+=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
-=item Dispelling the Dweomer
+=item How can I use curses with Perl?
-=item Paths as Opens
+=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
-=item Single Argument Open
+=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
-=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
+=item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
-=back
+=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
-=item Other I/O Issues
+Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
+stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
-=over 4
+=item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
-=item Opening Non-File Files
+=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
-=item Binary Files
+=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
-=item File Locking
+=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
-=item IO Layers
+=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
-=back
+=item How can I compile Perl into Java?
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
-=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
+=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
-=item HISTORY
+=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
+
+=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
+
+=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
+
+=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
+
+=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
+my C program; what am I doing wrong?
+
+=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
+
+=item What's MakeMaker?
=back
-=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
-=over 4
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.54 $, $Date: 2003/11/30
+00:50:08 $)
-=item The Basic Principle
+=over 4
-=item Packing Text
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Packing Numbers
+=item Data: Numbers
=over 4
-=item Integers
+=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
+numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
-=item Unpacking a Stack Frame
+=item Why is int() broken?
-=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
+=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
-=item Floating point Numbers
+=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
+Trig functions?
-=back
+=item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
-=item Exotic Templates
+How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
+hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
+decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
+from decimal to binary
-=over 4
+=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
-=item Bit Strings
+=item How do I multiply matrices?
-=item Uuencoding
+=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
-=item Doing Sums
+=item How can I output Roman numerals?
-=item Unicode
+=item Why aren't my random numbers random?
-=item Another Portable Binary Encoding
+=item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
=back
-=item Lengths and Widths
+=item Data: Dates
=over 4
-=item String Lengths
+=item How do I find the day or week of the year?
-=item Dynamic Templates
+=item How do I find the current century or millennium?
+
+=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
+
+=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
+
+=item How can I find the Julian Day?
+
+=item How do I find yesterday's date?
+
+=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
=back
-=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
+=item Data: Strings
=over 4
-=item The Alignment Pit
-
-=item Alignment, Take 2
+=item How do I validate input?
-=item Alignment, Take 3
+=item How do I unescape a string?
-=item Pointers for How to Use Them
+=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
-=back
+=item How do I expand function calls in a string?
-=item Pack Recipes
+=item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
-=item Funnies Section
+=item How do I reverse a string?
-=item Authors
+=item How do I expand tabs in a string?
-=back
+=item How do I reformat a paragraph?
-=head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
+=item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
-=over 4
+=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
+string?
-=item Part 1: The basics
+=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
-=over 4
+=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
+[character]?
-=item Simple word matching
+=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
-=item Using character classes
+=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
-=item Matching this or that
+=item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
-=item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
+=item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
-=item Extracting matches
+=item How can I expand variables in text strings?
-=item Matching repetitions
+=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
-=item Building a regexp
+=item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
-=item Using regular expressions in Perl
+There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
+be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
+the tag
=back
-=item Part 2: Power tools
+=item Data: Arrays
=over 4
-=item More on characters, strings, and character classes
+=item What is the difference between a list and an array?
-=item Compiling and saving regular expressions
+=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
-=item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
+=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
-=item Non-capturing groupings
+a), b), c), d), e)
-=item Looking ahead and looking behind
+=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
+array?
-=item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
+=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
+intersection of two arrays?
-=item Conditional expressions
+=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
-=item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
+=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
-=item Pragmas and debugging
+=item How do I handle linked lists?
-=back
+=item How do I handle circular lists?
-=item BUGS
+=item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item How do I select a random element from an array?
-=over 4
+=item How do I permute N elements of a list?
-=item Acknowledgments
+=item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
-=back
+=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
+
+=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
=back
-=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
+=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-i, m, s, x
-
-=over 4
+=item How do I process an entire hash?
-=item Regular Expressions
+=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
+it?
-[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
+=item How do I look up a hash element by value?
-=item Extended Patterns
+=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
-C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
-C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
-code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
-C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
+=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
-=item Backtracking
+=item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
-=item Version 8 Regular Expressions
+=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
-=item Warning on \1 vs $1
+=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
-=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
+=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
-=item Combining pieces together
+=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
-C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
-C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
-C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
-C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
+=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
-=item Creating custom RE engines
+=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
-=back
+=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
+it?
-=item BUGS
+=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
+array of hashes or arrays?
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
=back
-=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
+=item Data: Misc
=over 4
-=item NOTE
+=item How do I handle binary data correctly?
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
-=over 4
+=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
-=item Making References
+=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
-=item Using References
+=item How do I define methods for every class/object?
-=item Symbolic references
+=item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
-=item Not-so-symbolic references
+=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
-=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
+=back
-=item Function Templates
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
=back
-=item WARNING
+=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.30 $, $Date: 2003/11/23
+08:07:46 $)
-=item SEE ALSO
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
+
+=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
+line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
+
+=item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
+
+=item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
+
+=item How do I make a temporary file name?
+
+=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
+
+=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
+filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
+
+=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
+
+=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
+
+=item How can I write() into a string?
+
+=item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
+
+=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
+
+=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
+
+=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
+E<lt>*E<gt>?
+
+=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
+
+=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
+
+=item How can I reliably rename a file?
+
+=item How can I lock a file?
+
+=item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
+
+=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
+the file. How can I do this?
+
+=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
+file. Do I still have to use locking?
+
+=item How do I randomly update a binary file?
+
+=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
+
+=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
+
+=item How do I print to more than one file at once?
+
+=item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
+
+=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
+
+=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
+
+=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
+
+=item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
+
+=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
+
+=item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
+
+=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
+`C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
+
+=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
+
+=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
+protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
+
+=item How do I select a random line from a file?
+
+=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
=back
-=head2 perlform - Perl formats
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.20 $, $Date: 2003/01/03
+20:05:28 $)
=over 4
=over 4
-=item Format Variables
+=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
+and unmaintainable code?
-=back
+Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
-=item NOTES
+=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
-=over 4
+=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
+different lines?
-=item Footers
+=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
-=item Accessing Formatting Internals
+=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
+case on the RHS?
+
+=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
+
+=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
+
+=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
+
+=item What is C</o> really for?
+
+=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
+file?
+
+=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
+
+=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
+
+=item How do I process each word on each line?
+
+=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
+
+=item How can I do approximate matching?
+
+=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
+
+=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
+
+=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
+
+=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
+
+=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
+
+=item What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
+
+=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
+
+=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
=back
-=item WARNINGS
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
=back
-=head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
+=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date:
+2003/07/24 02:17:21 $)
=over 4
=over 4
-=item If we could talk to the animals...
+=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
-=item Introducing the method invocation arrow
+=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
+use them?
-=item Invoking a barnyard
+=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
+commas?
-=item The extra parameter of method invocation
+=item How do I skip some return values?
-=item Calling a second method to simplify things
+=item How do I temporarily block warnings?
-=item Inheriting the windpipes
+=item What's an extension?
-=item A few notes about @ISA
+=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
-=item Overriding the methods
+=item How do I declare/create a structure?
-=item Starting the search from a different place
+=item How do I create a module?
-=item The SUPER way of doing things
+=item How do I create a class?
-=item Where we're at so far...
+=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
-=item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
+=item What's a closure?
-=item Invoking an instance method
+=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
-=item Accessing the instance data
+=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
+Regex}?
-=item How to build a horse
+Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
+Passing Methods
-=item Inheriting the constructor
+=item How do I create a static variable?
-=item Making a method work with either classes or instances
+=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
+Between local() and my()?
-=item Adding parameters to a method
+=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
+is in scope?
-=item More interesting instances
+=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
-=item A horse of a different color
+=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
-=item Summary
+=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
-=back
+=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item How do I create a switch or case statement?
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
+methods?
+
+=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
+
+=item How can I find out my current package?
+
+=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
+
+=item How do I clear a package?
+
+=item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
+
+=item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
=back
-=head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 2003/01/26
+17:44:04 $)
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Creating a Class
-
=over 4
-=item Object Representation
+=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
-=item Class Interface
+=item How come exec() doesn't return?
-=item Constructors and Instance Methods
+=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
-=item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
+Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
-=item Destructors
+=item How do I print something out in color?
+
+=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
+
+=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
+
+=item How do I clear the screen?
+
+=item How do I get the screen size?
+
+=item How do I ask the user for a password?
+
+=item How do I read and write the serial port?
+
+lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
+
+=item How do I decode encrypted password files?
+
+=item How do I start a process in the background?
+
+STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
+
+=item How do I trap control characters/signals?
+
+=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
+
+=item How do I set the time and date?
+
+=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
+
+=item How can I measure time under a second?
+
+=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
+
+=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
+does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
+
+=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
+
+=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
+
+=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
+
+=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
+
+=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
+
+=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
+
+=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
+
+=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
+
+=item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
+
+=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
+^Z on MS-DOS)?
+
+=item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
+
+=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
+
+=item How can I write expect in Perl?
+
+=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
+"ps"?
+
+=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
+come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
+changes to be visible?
+
+Unix
+
+=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
+complete?
+
+=item How do I fork a daemon process?
+
+=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
+
+=item How do I timeout a slow event?
+
+=item How do I set CPU limits?
+
+=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
+
+=item How do I use an SQL database?
+
+=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
+
+=item How do I open a file without blocking?
+
+=item How do I install a module from CPAN?
+
+=item What's the difference between require and use?
+
+=item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
+
+=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
+search path?
+
+=item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
+
+=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date: 2003/01/31 17:36:57
+$)
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
+
+=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
+Server Error)
+
+=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
+
+=item How do I remove HTML from a string?
+
+=item How do I extract URLs?
+
+=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
+file on another machine?
+
+=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
+
+=item How do I fetch an HTML file?
+
+=item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
+
+=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
+
+=item How do I redirect to another page?
+
+=item How do I put a password on my web pages?
+
+=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
+
+=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
+CGI script to do bad things?
+
+=item How do I parse a mail header?
+
+=item How do I decode a CGI form?
+
+=item How do I check a valid mail address?
+
+=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
+
+=item How do I return the user's mail address?
+
+=item How do I send mail?
+
+=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
+
+=item How do I read mail?
+
+=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
+
+=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
+
+=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
+
+=item How can I do RPC in Perl?
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Declarations
+
+=item Comments
+
+=item Simple Statements
+
+=item Truth and Falsehood
+
+=item Statement Modifiers
+
+=item Compound Statements
+
+=item Loop Control
+
+=item For Loops
+
+=item Foreach Loops
+
+=item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
+
+=item Goto
+
+=item PODs: Embedded Documentation
+
+=item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perldata - Perl data types
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Variable names
+
+=item Context
+
+=item Scalar values
+
+=item Scalar value constructors
+
+=item List value constructors
+
+=item Subscripts
+
+=item Slices
+
+=item Typeglobs and Filehandles
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Operator Precedence and Associativity
+
+=item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
+
+=item The Arrow Operator
+
+=item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
+
+=item Exponentiation
+
+=item Symbolic Unary Operators
+
+=item Binding Operators
+
+=item Multiplicative Operators
+
+=item Additive Operators
+
+=item Shift Operators
+
+=item Named Unary Operators
+
+=item Relational Operators
+
+=item Equality Operators
+
+=item Bitwise And
+
+=item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
+
+=item C-style Logical And
+
+=item C-style Logical Or
+
+=item C-style Logical Defined-Or
+
+=item Range Operators
+
+=item Conditional Operator
+
+=item Assignment Operators
+
+=item Comma Operator
+
+=item List Operators (Rightward)
+
+=item Logical Not
+
+=item Logical And
+
+=item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
+
+=item C Operators Missing From Perl
+
+unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
+
+=item Quote and Quote-like Operators
+
+=item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
+
+?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
+qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
+s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
+y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
+
+=item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
+
+Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
+C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
+C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
+C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
+regular expressions
+
+=item I/O Operators
+
+=item Constant Folding
+
+=item Bitwise String Operators
+
+=item Integer Arithmetic
+
+=item Floating-point Arithmetic
+
+=item Bigger Numbers
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Private Variables via my()
+
+=item Persistent Private Variables
+
+=item Temporary Values via local()
+
+=item Lvalue subroutines
+
+Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
+
+=item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
+
+=item When to Still Use local()
+
+=item Pass by Reference
+
+=item Prototypes
+
+=item Constant Functions
+
+=item Overriding Built-in Functions
+
+=item Autoloading
+
+=item Subroutine Attributes
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Perl Functions by Category
+
+Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
+Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
+Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
+length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
+Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
+to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
+groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
+object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
+communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
+info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
+in perl5
+
+=item Portability
+
+=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
+
+-I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
+NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
+binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless
+REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp(
+LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
+chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
+connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
+dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
+EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
+each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
+exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
+FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
+fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
+getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
+NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
+NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
+ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
+getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
+getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
+STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
+endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
+getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
+goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
+import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
+FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
+last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
+link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
+lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
+EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget
+KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my
+TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no
+Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct
+EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
+FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE,
+opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR :
+ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE,
+package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos,
+print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST,
+printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/,
+qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta,
+rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
+FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
+readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
+ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
+require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
+DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
+rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
+DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
+semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
+SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
+WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
+shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
+shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
+EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
+SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
+sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
+splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
+/PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format
+parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum
+width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat
+FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME
+(PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK,
+substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
+EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen
+FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
+FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
+FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
+FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
+syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
+VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
+FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
+ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
+TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use
+Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use
+VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid
+PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Open E<agrave> la shell
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Simple Opens
+
+=item Indirect Filehandles
+
+=item Pipe Opens
+
+=item The Minus File
+
+=item Mixing Reads and Writes
+
+=item Filters
+
+=back
+
+=item Open E<agrave> la C
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
+
+=back
+
+=item Obscure Open Tricks
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Re-Opening Files (dups)
+
+=item Dispelling the Dweomer
+
+=item Paths as Opens
+
+=item Single Argument Open
-=item Other Object Methods
+=item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
=back
-=item Class Data
+=item Other I/O Issues
=over 4
-=item Accessing Class Data
-
-=item Debugging Methods
+=item Opening Non-File Files
-=item Class Destructors
+=item Opening Named Pipes
-=item Documenting the Interface
+=item Opening Sockets
-=back
+=item Binary Files
-=item Aggregation
+=item File Locking
-=item Inheritance
+=item IO Layers
-=over 4
+=back
-=item Overridden Methods
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Multiple Inheritance
+=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
-=item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
+=item HISTORY
=back
-=item Alternate Object Representations
+=head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
=over 4
-=item Arrays as Objects
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Closures as Objects
+=item The Basic Principle
-=back
+=item Packing Text
-=item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
+=item Packing Numbers
=over 4
-=item Autoloaded Data Methods
+=item Integers
-=item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
+=item Unpacking a Stack Frame
+
+=item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
+
+=item Byte-order modifiers
+
+=item Floating point Numbers
=back
-=item Metaclassical Tools
+=item Exotic Templates
=over 4
-=item Class::Struct
-
-=item Data Members as Variables
+=item Bit Strings
-=back
+=item Uuencoding
-=item NOTES
+=item Doing Sums
-=over 4
+=item Unicode
-=item Object Terminology
+=item Another Portable Binary Encoding
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
-
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item Template Grouping
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item Lengths and Widths
=over 4
-=item Acknowledgments
+=item String Lengths
-=back
+=item Dynamic Templates
+
+=item Counting Repetitions
=back
-=head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
+=item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=item Class Data in a Can
+=item The Alignment Pit
-=item Class Data as Package Variables
+=item Dealing with Endian-ness
-=over 4
+=item Alignment, Take 2
-=item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
+=item Alignment, Take 3
-=item Inheritance Concerns
+=item Pointers for How to Use Them
-=item The Eponymous Meta-Object
+=back
-=item Indirect References to Class Data
+=item Pack Recipes
-=item Monadic Classes
+=item Funnies Section
-=item Translucent Attributes
+=item Authors
=back
-=item Class Data as Lexical Variables
+=head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
=over 4
-=item Privacy and Responsibility
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item File-Scoped Lexicals
+=over 4
-=item More Inheritance Concerns
+=item Ordinary Paragraph
-=item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
+=item Verbatim Paragraph
-=item Translucency Revisited
+=item Command Paragraph
-=back
+C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
+Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
+I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
+I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>, C<=encoding
+I<encodingname>>
-=item NOTES
+=item Formatting Codes
-=item SEE ALSO
+C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
+C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
+C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
+for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
+C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
+(zero-effect) formatting code
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item The Intent
-=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+=item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
-=item HISTORY
+=item Hints for Writing Pod
=back
-=head2 perlobj - Perl objects
+=item SEE ALSO
-=over 4
+=item AUTHOR
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
+
+=head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
+notes
=over 4
-=item An Object is Simply a Reference
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item A Class is Simply a Package
+=item Pod Definitions
-=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
+=item Pod Commands
-=item Method Invocation
+"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
+"=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
+"=encoding encodingname"
-=item Indirect Object Syntax
+=item Pod Formatting Codes
-=item Default UNIVERSAL methods
+C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
+C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
+filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
+null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
+C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
+contains non-breaking spaces
-isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
+=item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
-=item Destructors
+=item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
-=item Summary
+First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
-=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
+=item About =over...=back Regions
-=back
+=item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
=item SEE ALSO
+=item AUTHOR
+
=back
-=head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
+=head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
=over 4
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item OO SCALING TIPS
+=over 4
-=item INSTANCE VARIABLES
+=item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
-=item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
+OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
-=item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
+=item Location of Perl
-=item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
+=item Command Switches
-=item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
+B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>], B<-A [I<assertions>]>, B<-a>, B<-C
+[I<number/list>]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters>,
+B<-D>I<number>, B<-e> I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>,
+B<-i>[I<extension>], B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>],
+B<-m>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
+B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
+B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<name>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
+B<-X>, B<-x>, B<-x> I<directory>
-=item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
+=back
-=item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
+=item ENVIRONMENT
-=item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
+HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
+:perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
+PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
+PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_DL_NONLAZY, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED,
+PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS,
+PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
-=item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
+=back
-=item DELEGATION
+=head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
=back
-=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
+=head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
=item DESCRIPTION
=over 4
-=item Tying Scalars
+=item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
-TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
-DESTROY this
+=item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
-=item Tying Arrays
+=item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
-TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
-FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
-key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
-UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
-this
+B<-w>, B<-W>, B<-X>
-=item Tying Hashes
+=item Backward Compatibility
-USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
-this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
-this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
+=item Category Hierarchy
-=item Tying FileHandles
+=item Fatal Warnings
-TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
-LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
-DESTROY this
+=item Reporting Warnings from a Module
-=item UNTIE this
+=back
-=item The C<untie> Gotcha
+=item TODO
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
-=item BUGS
+=over 4
-=item AUTHOR
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item The Perl Debugger
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Debugger Commands
+
+h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
+[level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
+min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
+?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
+subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
+compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
+expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
+command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [
+command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source
+file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man
+[manpage]
+
+=item Configurable Options
+
+C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
+C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
+C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
+C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
+C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
+C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
+C<NonStop>
-=back
+=item Debugger input/output
-=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
-safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
+Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
+listing
-=over 4
+=item Debugging compile-time statements
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Debugger Customization
-=item Signals
+=item Readline Support
-=over 4
+=item Editor Support for Debugging
-=item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
+=item The Perl Profiler
=back
-=item Named Pipes
+=item Debugging regular expressions
-=over 4
+=item Debugging memory usage
-=item Deferred Signals
+=item SEE ALSO
-Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Signals as "faults", Signals
-triggered by operating system state
+=item BUGS
=back
-=item Using open() for IPC
+=head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
=over 4
-=item Filehandles
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Background Processes
+=over 4
-=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
+=item Predefined Names
-=item Safe Pipe Opens
+$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
+$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+,
+HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
+IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
+HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
+IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
+IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
+$\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#,
+HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
+HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
+HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
+@-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
+C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
+$+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
+is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
+C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
+$FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
+IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
+$FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
+$FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
+$OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
+$PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
+$>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
+$PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
+$SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
+${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
+0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
+$EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE},
+$PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,
+ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG,
+$SIG{expr}
-=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
+=item Error Indicators
-=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
+=item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
=back
-=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
-
-=over 4
+=item BUGS
-=item Internet Line Terminators
+=back
-=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
+=head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
-=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
+=over 4
-=back
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
+i, m, s, x
=over 4
-=item A Simple Client
+=item Regular Expressions
-C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
+[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
-=item A Webget Client
+=item Extended Patterns
-=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
+C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
+C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
+code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
+C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
-=back
+=item Backtracking
-=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
+=item Version 8 Regular Expressions
-Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
+=item Warning on \1 vs $1
-=item UDP: Message Passing
+=item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
-=item SysV IPC
+=item Combining pieces together
-=item NOTES
+C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
+C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
+C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
+C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
-=item BUGS
+=item Creating custom RE engines
-=item AUTHOR
+=back
+
+=item BUGS
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
+=head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
=item DESCRIPTION
=over 4
-=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
+=item OPERATORS
-$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
-filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
-files, directories and network sockets
+=item SYNTAX
-=item Resource limits
+=item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
-=item Killing the parent process
+=item CHARACTER CLASSES
-=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
+=item ANCHORS
-=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
+=item QUANTIFIERS
-BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
-Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
-application, Thread-safety of extensions
+=item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
-=back
+=item VARIABLES
-=item BUGS
+=item FUNCTIONS
+
+=item TERMINOLOGY
+
+=back
=item AUTHOR
=item SEE ALSO
+=item THANKS
+
=back
-=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
+=head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item NOTE
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Storing numbers
+=over 4
-=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
+=item Making References
-=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
+=item Using References
-Arithmetic operators except, C<no integer>, Arithmetic operators except,
-C<use integer>, Bitwise operators, C<no integer>, Bitwise operators, C<use
-integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
-string
+=item Symbolic references
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Not-so-symbolic references
+
+=item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
+
+=item Function Templates
+
+=back
+
+=item WARNING
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
+=head2 perlform - Perl formats
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Status
+=over 4
-=item What Is A Thread Anyway?
+=item Text Fields
-=item Threaded Program Models
+=item Numeric Fields
-=over 4
+=item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
-=item Boss/Worker
+=item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
-=item Work Crew
+=item Specifying Values
-=item Pipeline
+=item Using Fill Mode
-=back
+=item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
-=item Native threads
+=item Repeating Format Lines
-=item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
+=item Top of Form Processing
-=item Threadsafe Modules
+=item Format Variables
-=item Thread Basics
+=back
+
+=item NOTES
=over 4
-=item Basic Thread Support
+=item Footers
-=item A Note about the Examples
+=item Accessing Formatting Internals
-=item Creating Threads
+=back
-=item Giving up control
+=item WARNINGS
-=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
+=back
-=item Ignoring A Thread
+=head2 perlobj - Perl objects
-=back
+=over 4
-=item Threads And Data
+=item DESCRIPTION
=over 4
-=item Shared And Unshared Data
+=item An Object is Simply a Reference
-=item Thread Pitfalls: Races
+=item A Class is Simply a Package
-=back
+=item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
-=item Synchronization and control
+=item Method Invocation
-=over 4
+=item Indirect Object Syntax
-=item Controlling access: lock()
+=item Default UNIVERSAL methods
-=item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
+isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
-=item Queues: Passing Data Around
+=item Destructors
-=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
+=item Summary
-=item Basic semaphores
+=item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
-=item Advanced Semaphores
+=back
-=item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item General Thread Utility Routines
+=head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
=over 4
-=item What Thread Am I In?
-
-=item Thread IDs
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Are These Threads The Same?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item What Threads Are Running?
+=over 4
-=back
+=item Tying Scalars
-=item A Complete Example
+TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
+DESTROY this
-=item Performance considerations
+=item Tying Arrays
-=item Threadsafety of System Libraries
+TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
+FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
+key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
+UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
+this
-=item Conclusion
+=item Tying Hashes
-=item Bibliography
+USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
+this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
+this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, SCALAR this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
-=over 4
+=item Tying FileHandles
-=item Introductory Texts
+TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
+LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
+DESTROY this
-=item OS-Related References
+=item UNTIE this
-=item Other References
+=item The C<untie> Gotcha
=back
-=item Acknowledgements
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item AUTHOR
+=item BUGS
-=item Copyrights
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
+=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
=over 4
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item What Is A Thread Anyway?
-
-=item Threaded Program Models
+B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
+B<filter_fetch_value>
=over 4
-=item Boss/Worker
+=item The Filter
-=item Work Crew
+=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
-=item Pipeline
+=item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
=back
-=item Native threads
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item What kind of threads are perl threads?
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Threadsafe Modules
+=back
-=item Thread Basics
+=head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
+safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
=over 4
-=item Basic Thread Support
-
-=item Creating Threads
-
-=item Giving up control
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
+=item Signals
-=item Errors In Threads
+=over 4
-=item Ignoring A Thread
+=item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
=back
-=item Threads And Data
+=item Named Pipes
=over 4
-=item Shared And Unshared Data
-
-=item Thread Pitfall: Races
-
-=item Controlling access: lock()
-
-=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
+=item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
-=item Queues: Passing Data Around
+Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
+"faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
=back
-=item Threads And Code
+=item Using open() for IPC
=over 4
-=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
+=item Filehandles
-Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
+=item Background Processes
-=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
+=item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
-=item Subroutine Locks
+=item Safe Pipe Opens
-=item Methods
+=item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
-=item Locking A Subroutine
+=item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
=back
-=item General Thread Utility Routines
+=item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
=over 4
-=item What Thread Am I In?
-
-=item Thread IDs
+=item Internet Line Terminators
-=item Are These Threads The Same?
+=item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
-=item What Threads Are Running?
+=item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
=back
-=item A Complete Example
-
-=item Conclusion
-
-=item Bibliography
+=item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
=over 4
-=item Introductory Texts
+=item A Simple Client
-=item OS-Related References
+C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
-=item Other References
+=item A Webget Client
+
+=item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
=back
-=item Acknowledgements
+=item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
-=item AUTHOR
+Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
-=item Copyrights
+=item UDP: Message Passing
-=back
+=item SysV IPC
-=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
+=item NOTES
-=over 4
+=item BUGS
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item AUTHOR
-Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
-portable
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item ISSUES
+=back
+
+=head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
=over 4
-=item Newlines
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Numbers endianness and Width
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Files and Filesystems
+=over 4
-=item System Interaction
+=item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
-=item Command names versus file pathnames
+$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
+filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
+files, directories and network sockets
-=item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
+=item Resource limits
-=item External Subroutines (XS)
+=item Killing the parent process
-=item Standard Modules
+=item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
-=item Time and Date
+=item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
-=item Character sets and character encoding
+BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
+Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
+application, Thread-safety of extensions
-=item Internationalisation
+=back
-=item System Resources
+=item BUGS
-=item Security
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Style
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item CPAN Testers
-
-Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
-http://testers.cpan.org/
-
-=item PLATFORMS
+=head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
=over 4
-=item Unix
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item DOS and Derivatives
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item S<Mac OS>
+=item Storing numbers
-=item VMS
+=item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
-=item VOS
+=item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
-=item EBCDIC Platforms
+Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
+mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
+integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
+string
-=item Acorn RISC OS
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Other perls
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
+=head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
=over 4
-=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
+=item DESCRIPTION
--I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode
-FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt
-PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec
-LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock
-FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority
-WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID,
-getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
-getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
-getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN,
-setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent,
-endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob
-EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link
-OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG,
-msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open
-FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink
-EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG,
-semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
-setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
-SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
-shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
-socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
-EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
-FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
-FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
-wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
+=item Status
-=back
+=item What Is A Thread Anyway?
-=item CHANGES
+=item Threaded Program Models
-v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000,
-v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22
-May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February
-1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September
-1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998,
-v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
+=over 4
-=item Supported Platforms
+=item Boss/Worker
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Work Crew
-=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
+=item Pipeline
=back
-=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
-localization)
-
-=over 4
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
-=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
+=item Thread-Safe Modules
-=item USING LOCALES
+=item Thread Basics
=over 4
-=item The use locale pragma
+=item Basic Thread Support
-=item The setlocale function
+=item A Note about the Examples
-=item Finding locales
+=item Creating Threads
-=item LOCALE PROBLEMS
+=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
-=item Temporarily fixing locale problems
+=item Ignoring A Thread
-=item Permanently fixing locale problems
+=back
-=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
+=item Threads And Data
-=item Fixing system locale configuration
+=over 4
-=item The localeconv function
+=item Shared And Unshared Data
-=item I18N::Langinfo
+=item Thread Pitfalls: Races
=back
-=item LOCALE CATEGORIES
+=item Synchronization and control
=over 4
-=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
-
-=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
+=item Controlling access: lock()
-=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
+=item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
-=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
+=item Queues: Passing Data Around
-=item LC_TIME
+=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
-=item Other categories
+=item Basic semaphores
-=back
+=item Advanced Semaphores
-=item SECURITY
+=item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
-=item ENVIRONMENT
+=item Giving up control
-PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
-LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
+=back
-=item NOTES
+=item General Thread Utility Routines
=over 4
-=item Backward compatibility
+=item What Thread Am I In?
-=item I18N:Collate obsolete
+=item Thread IDs
-=item Sort speed and memory use impacts
+=item Are These Threads The Same?
-=item write() and LC_NUMERIC
+=item What Threads Are Running?
-=item Freely available locale definitions
+=back
-=item I18n and l10n
+=item A Complete Example
-=item An imperfect standard
+=item Different implementations of threads
-=back
+=item Performance considerations
-=item Unicode and UTF-8
+=item Process-scope Changes
+
+=item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
+
+=item Conclusion
-=item BUGS
+=item Bibliography
=over 4
-=item Broken systems
+=item Introductory Texts
+
+=item OS-Related References
+
+=item Other References
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Acknowledgements
-=item HISTORY
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item Copyrights
=back
-=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
+=head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item What Is A Thread Anyway?
+
+=item Threaded Program Models
+
=over 4
-=item Unicode
+=item Boss/Worker
-=item Perl's Unicode Support
+=item Work Crew
-=item Perl's Unicode Model
+=item Pipeline
-=item Unicode and EBCDIC
+=back
-=item Creating Unicode
+=item Native threads
-=item Handling Unicode
+=item What kind of threads are perl threads?
-=item Legacy Encodings
+=item Threadsafe Modules
-=item Unicode I/O
+=item Thread Basics
-=item Displaying Unicode As Text
+=over 4
-=item Special Cases
+=item Basic Thread Support
-=item Advanced Topics
+=item Creating Threads
-=item Miscellaneous
+=item Giving up control
-=item Questions With Answers
+=item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
-=item Hexadecimal Notation
+=item Errors In Threads
-=item Further Resources
+=item Ignoring A Thread
=back
-=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
+=item Threads And Data
-=item SEE ALSO
+=over 4
-=item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
+=item Shared And Unshared Data
-=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
+=item Thread Pitfall: Races
-=back
+=item Controlling access: lock()
-=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
+=item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
-=over 4
+=item Queues: Passing Data Around
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
-=over 4
+=item Threads And Code
-=item Important Caveats
+=over 4
-Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
-enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts
+=item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
-=item Byte and Character Semantics
+Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
-=item Effects of Character Semantics
+=item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
-=item Scripts
+=item Subroutine Locks
-=item Blocks
+=item Methods
-=item User-Defined Character Properties
+=item Locking A Subroutine
-=item Character Encodings for Input and Output
+=back
-=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
+=item General Thread Utility Routines
-=item Unicode Encodings
+=over 4
-=item Security Implications of Unicode
+=item What Thread Am I In?
-=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
+=item Thread IDs
-=item Locales
+=item Are These Threads The Same?
-=item Using Unicode in XS
+=item What Threads Are Running?
=back
-=item BUGS
+=item A Complete Example
+
+=item Conclusion
+
+=item Bibliography
=over 4
-=item Interaction with Locales
+=item Introductory Texts
-=item Interaction with Extensions
+=item OS-Related References
-=item Speed
+=item Other References
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Acknowledgements
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item Copyrights
=back
-=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
+=head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
+Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
+portable
+
+=item ISSUES
=over 4
-=item ASCII
+=item Newlines
-=item ISO 8859
+=item Numbers endianness and Width
-=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
+=item Files and Filesystems
-=item EBCDIC
+=item System Interaction
-=item 13 variant characters
+=item Command names versus file pathnames
-=item 0037
+=item Networking
-=item 1047
+=item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
-=item POSIX-BC
+=item External Subroutines (XS)
-=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
+=item Standard Modules
-=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
+=item Time and Date
-=item Unicode and UTF
+=item Character sets and character encoding
-=item Using Encode
+=item Internationalisation
-=back
+=item System Resources
-=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
+=item Security
-recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
+=item Style
-=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
+=back
-=item CONVERSIONS
+=item CPAN Testers
+
+Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
+http://testers.cpan.org/
+
+=item PLATFORMS
=over 4
-=item tr///
+=item Unix
-=item iconv
+=item DOS and Derivatives
-=item C RTL
+=item S<Mac OS>
-=back
+=item VMS
-=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
+=item VOS
-=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
+=item EBCDIC Platforms
-chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
+=item Acorn RISC OS
-=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
+=item Other perls
-=item SOCKETS
+=back
-=item SORTING
+=item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
=over 4
-=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
+=item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
-=item MONO CASE then sort data.
+-I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown
+LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen
+HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl
+FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin,
+getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME,
+getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
+getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent,
+gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent
+STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN,
+endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent,
+getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl
+FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat
+FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd
+ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
+FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
+RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
+KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
+setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
+SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
+shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
+socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
+EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
+FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
+FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
+wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
-=item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
+=back
-=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
+=item CHANGES
+
+v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000,
+v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999,
+v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April
+1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December
+1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August
+1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
+
+=item Supported Platforms
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
=back
-=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
+=head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
+localization)
=over 4
-=item URL decoding and encoding
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item uu encoding and decoding
+=item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
-=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
+=item USING LOCALES
-=item Caesarian ciphers
+=over 4
-=back
+=item The use locale pragma
-=item Hashing order and checksums
+=item The setlocale function
-=item I18N AND L10N
+=item Finding locales
-=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
+=item LOCALE PROBLEMS
-=item OS ISSUES
+=item Temporarily fixing locale problems
+
+=item Permanently fixing locale problems
+
+=item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
+
+=item Fixing system locale configuration
+
+=item The localeconv function
+
+=item I18N::Langinfo
+
+=back
+
+=item LOCALE CATEGORIES
=over 4
-=item OS/400
+=item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
-IFS access
+=item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
-=item OS/390, z/OS
+=item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
-chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
+=item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
-=item VM/ESA?
+=item LC_TIME
-=item POSIX-BC?
+=item Other categories
=back
-=item BUGS
+=item SECURITY
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item ENVIRONMENT
-=item REFERENCES
+PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
+LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
+
+=item NOTES
-=item HISTORY
+=over 4
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Backward compatibility
-=back
+=item I18N:Collate obsolete
-=head2 perlsec - Perl security
+=item Sort speed and memory use impacts
-=over 4
+=item write() and LC_NUMERIC
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Freely available locale definitions
-=over 4
+=item I18n and l10n
-=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
+=item An imperfect standard
-=item Switches On the "#!" Line
+=back
-=item Cleaning Up Your Path
+=item Unicode and UTF-8
-=item Security Bugs
+=item BUGS
-=item Protecting Your Programs
+=over 4
-=item Unicode
+=item Broken systems
=back
=item SEE ALSO
+=item HISTORY
+
=back
-=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
+=head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
=over 4
=over 4
-=item Packages
+=item Unicode
-=item Symbol Tables
+=item Perl's Unicode Support
-=item Package Constructors and Destructors
+=item Perl's Unicode Model
-=item Perl Classes
+=item Unicode and EBCDIC
-=item Perl Modules
+=item Creating Unicode
-=item Making your module threadsafe
+=item Handling Unicode
-=back
+=item Legacy Encodings
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Unicode I/O
-=back
+=item Displaying Unicode As Text
-=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
+=item Special Cases
-=over 4
+=item Advanced Topics
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Miscellaneous
-=over 4
+=item Questions With Answers
-=item PREAMBLE
+=item Hexadecimal Notation
-B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
-module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
+=item Further Resources
=back
-=item PORTABILITY
+=item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
-=item HEY
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item AUTHOR
+=item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
=back
-=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
+=head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
-
=over 4
-=item Pragmatic Modules
+=item Important Caveats
-attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes,
-charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer,
-less, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs,
-threads, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
+Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
+enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts
+autodetected, C<use encoding> needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
-=item Standard Modules
+=item Byte and Character Semantics
-AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
-B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
-B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
-B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
-CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
-CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
-Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest,
-DirHandle, Dumpvalue, Encode, English, Env, Errno, Exporter,
-Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM,
-ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
-ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any,
-ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
-ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN,
-ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
-ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,
-ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist,
-ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree,
-File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path,
-File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
-File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS,
-File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle,
-Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util,
-I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2,
-IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency,
-Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13,
-Locale::Script, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
-Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File,
-Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest,
-Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT,
-Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc,
-Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ,
-Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX,
-PerlIO, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html,
-Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils,
-Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
-Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe,
-Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
-Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test,
-Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert,
-Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple,
-Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
-Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue,
-Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash,
-Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local,
-Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate,
-Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32
+=item Effects of Character Semantics
-=item Extension Modules
+=item Scripts
-=back
+=item Blocks
-=item CPAN
+=item User-Defined Character Properties
-=over 4
+=item Character Encodings for Input and Output
-=item Africa
+=item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
-=item Asia
+=item Unicode Encodings
-=item Central America
+=item Security Implications of Unicode
-=item Europe
+=item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
-=item North America
+=item Locales
-=item Oceania
+=item When Unicode Does Not Happen
-=item South America
+=item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
+
+=item Using Unicode in XS
=back
-=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
+=item BUGS
=over 4
-=item Guidelines for Module Creation
+=item Interaction with Locales
-=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
+=item Interaction with Extensions
-=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
+=item Speed
+
+=item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
=back
-=item NOTE
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
+=head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
=over 4
-=item INTRODUCTION
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item QUICK CHECKLIST
+=item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
=over 4
-=item Before you start
+=item ASCII
-=item The API
+=item ISO 8859
-=item Stability
+=item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
-=item Documentation
+=item EBCDIC
-=item Release considerations
+=item 13 variant characters
-=back
+=item 0037
-=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
+=item 1047
-=over 4
+=item POSIX-BC
-=item Has it been done before?
+=item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
-=item Do one thing and do it well
+=item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
-=item What's in a name?
+=item Unicode and UTF
+
+=item Using Encode
=back
-=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
+=item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
-=over 4
+recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
-=item To OO or not to OO?
+=item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
-=item Designing your API
+=item CONVERSIONS
-Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
-output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
-Parameter passing
+=over 4
-=item Strictness and warnings
+=item tr///
-=item Backwards compatibility
+=item iconv
-=item Error handling and messages
+=item C RTL
=back
-=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
+=item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
-=over 4
+=item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
-=item POD
+chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
-=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
+=item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
-=back
+=item SOCKETS
-=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
+=item SORTING
=over 4
-=item Version numbering
-
-=item Pre-requisites
+=item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
-=item Testing
+=item MONO CASE then sort data.
-=item Packaging
+=item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
-=item Licensing
+=item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
=back
-=item COMMON PITFALLS
+=item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
=over 4
-=item Reinventing the wheel
+=item URL decoding and encoding
-=item Trying to do too much
+=item uu encoding and decoding
-=item Inappropriate documentation
+=item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
-=back
+=item Caesarian ciphers
-=item SEE ALSO
+=back
-L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Testing tools,
-http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering
+=item Hashing order and checksums
-=item AUTHOR
+=item I18N AND L10N
-=back
+=item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
-=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
+=item OS ISSUES
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item OS/400
-=over 4
+PASE, IFS access
-=item Warning
+=item OS/390, z/OS
-=item What should I make into a module?
+chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
-=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
+=item VM/ESA?
-Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
+=item POSIX-BC?
-=item Step-by-step: Making the module
+=back
-Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
-L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
-documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
+=item BUGS
-=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
+=item SEE ALSO
-Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
-tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
+=item REFERENCES
-=back
+=item HISTORY
=item AUTHOR
-=item SEE ALSO
-
=back
-=head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date:
-2002/04/07 18:46:13 $)
+=head2 perlsec - Perl security
=over 4
=over 4
-=item What is Perl?
+=item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
-=item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
+=item Switches On the "#!" Line
-=item Which version of Perl should I use?
+=item Taint mode and @INC
-=item What are perl4 and perl5?
+=item Cleaning Up Your Path
+
+=item Security Bugs
+
+=item Protecting Your Programs
+
+=item Unicode
+
+=item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item What is perl6?
+=back
-=item How stable is Perl?
+=head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
-=item Is Perl difficult to learn?
+=over 4
-=item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
-Scheme, or Tcl?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Can I do [task] in Perl?
+=over 4
-=item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
+=item Packages
-=item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
+=item Symbol Tables
-=item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
+=item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END
-=item What is a JAPH?
+=item Perl Classes
-=item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
+=item Perl Modules
-=item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
-5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
+=item Making your module threadsafe
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.13 $,
-$Date: 2002/04/26 16:56:35 $)
+=head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
=over 4
-=item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
+=item Pragmatic Modules
-=item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
+assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint,
+bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding,
+fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re,
+sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version,
+vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
-=item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
+=item Standard Modules
-=item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
-don't work.
+AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
+B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
+B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
+B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
+CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
+CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
+Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DB_File, Data::Dumper,
+Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest,
+Digest::MD5, Digest::base, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode,
+Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN,
+Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder,
+Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z,
+Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header,
+Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW,
+Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter,
+Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM,
+ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
+ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any,
+ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
+ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN,
+ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
+ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
+ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial,
+ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish,
+ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
+ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
+File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find,
+File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
+File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
+File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
+FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File,
+Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
+I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle,
+IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
+IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg,
+IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country,
+Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
+Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
+MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
+Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex,
+Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
+Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
+Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd,
+Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3,
+Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
+Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO,
+PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint,
+Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
+Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
+Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
+Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
+Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
+Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
+Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util,
+Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
+Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
+Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness,
+Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps,
+Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced,
+Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread,
+Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
+Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
+Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
+Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
+Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
+XSLoader
-=item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
-loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
+=item Extension Modules
-=item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
-What does CPAN/src/... mean?
+=back
-=item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
+=item CPAN
-=item Where can I get information on Perl?
+=over 4
-=item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
+=item Africa
-=item Where should I post source code?
+South Africa
-=item Perl Books
+=item Asia
-References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
+China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
+Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
-=item Perl in Magazines
+=item Central America
-=item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
+Costa Rica
-=item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
+=item Europe
-=item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
+Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech
+Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
+Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
+Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
+Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
-=item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
+=item North America
-=item Where do I send bug reports?
+Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
+Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
+Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York,
+North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
+Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
-=item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
+=item Oceania
-=back
+Australia, New Zealand, United States
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item South America
+
+Argentina, Brazil, Chile
+
+=item RSYNC Mirrors
=back
-=head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 2002/05/06
-13:11:13 $)
+=item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Guidelines for Module Creation
-=over 4
+=item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
-=item How do I do (anything)?
+=item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
-=item How can I use Perl interactively?
+=back
-=item Is there a Perl shell?
+=item NOTE
-=item How do I debug my Perl programs?
+=back
-=item How do I profile my Perl programs?
+=head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
-=item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
+=over 4
-=item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
+=item INTRODUCTION
-=item Is there a ctags for Perl?
+=item QUICK CHECKLIST
-=item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
+=over 4
-Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl,
-CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
-MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha
+=item Before you start
-=item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
+=item The API
-=item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
+=item Stability
-=item How can I use curses with Perl?
+=item Documentation
-=item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
+=item Release considerations
-=item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
+=back
-=item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
+=item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
-=item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
+=over 4
-Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
-stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
+=item Has it been done before?
-=item Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
+=item Do one thing and do it well
-=item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
+=item What's in a name?
-=item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
+=back
-=item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
+=item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
-=item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
+=over 4
-=item How can I compile Perl into Java?
+=item To OO or not to OO?
-=item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
+=item Designing your API
-=item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
+Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
+output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
+Parameter passing
-=item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
+=item Strictness and warnings
-=item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
+=item Backwards compatibility
-=item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
+=item Error handling and messages
-=item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
+=back
-=item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
-my C program; what am I doing wrong?
+=item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
-=item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
+=over 4
-=item What's MakeMaker?
+=item POD
-=back
+=item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
+perl Build test, perl Build install
=back
-=head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.25 $, $Date: 2002/05/30
-07:04:25 $)
+=item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Version numbering
-=item Data: Numbers
+=item Pre-requisites
-=over 4
+=item Testing
-=item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
-numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
+=item Packaging
-=item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
+=item Licensing
-=item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
-Trig functions?
+=back
-=item How do I convert between numeric representations?
+=item COMMON PITFALLS
-How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
-hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
-decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
-from decimal to binary
+=over 4
-=item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
+=item Reinventing the wheel
-=item How do I multiply matrices?
+=item Trying to do too much
-=item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
+=item Inappropriate documentation
-=item How can I output Roman numerals?
+=back
-=item Why aren't my random numbers random?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
+L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
+Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
+engineering
+
+=item AUTHOR
=back
-=item Data: Dates
+=head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
=over 4
-=item How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
-
-=item How do I find the current century or millennium?
-
-=item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
-
-=item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How can I find the Julian Day?
+=over 4
-=item How do I find yesterday's date?
+=item PREAMBLE
-=item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
+B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
+module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
=back
-=item Data: Strings
-
-=over 4
+=item PORTABILITY
-=item How do I validate input?
+=item HEY
-=item How do I unescape a string?
+=item AUTHOR
-=item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item How do I expand function calls in a string?
+=back
-=item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
+=head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
-=item How do I reverse a string?
+=over 4
-=item How do I expand tabs in a string?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How do I reformat a paragraph?
+=over 4
-=item How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
+=item Warning
-=item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
+=item What should I make into a module?
-=item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
-string?
+=item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
-=item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
+Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
-=item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
-[character]? (Comma-separated files)
+=item Step-by-step: Making the module
-=item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
+Start with F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and L<warnings|warnings>, Use
+L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!, Use L<plain old
+documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
-=item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
+=item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
-=item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
+Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
+tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
-=item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
+=back
-=item How can I expand variables in text strings?
+=item AUTHOR
-=item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
+=back
-1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be
-a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of
-the tag
+=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
-=back
+=over 4
-=item Data: Arrays
+=item DESCRIPTION
=over 4
-=item What is the difference between a list and an array?
+=item DOCUMENTATION
-=item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
+L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
+L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
+L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
+L<roffitall|roffitall>
-=item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
+=item CONVERTORS
-a), b), c), d), e)
+L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
-=item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
-array?
+=item Administration
-=item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
-intersection of two arrays?
+L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
-=item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
+=item Development
-=item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
+L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
+L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
-=item How do I handle linked lists?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item How do I handle circular lists?
+=back
-=item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
+=back
-=item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
+=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
-=item How do I select a random element from an array?
+=over 4
-=item How do I permute N elements of a list?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
+=over 4
-=item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
+=item Layout
-=item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
+B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
=back
-=item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
+=item Using The Back Ends
=over 4
-=item How do I process an entire hash?
+=item The Cross Referencing Back End
-=item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
-it?
+i, &, s, r
-=item How do I look up a hash element by value?
+=item The Decompiling Back End
-=item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
+=item The Lint Back End
-=item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
+=item The Simple C Back End
-=item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
+=item The Bytecode Back End
-=item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
+=item The Optimized C Back End
-=item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
+=back
-=item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
+=item Module List for the Compiler Suite
-=item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
+B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
+B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
+B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
-=item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
+=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
-=item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
-it?
+=back
-=item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
-array of hashes or arrays?
+=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
-=item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
+=over 4
-=back
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Data: Misc
+=item CONCEPTS
-=over 4
+=item USING FILTERS
-=item How do I handle binary data correctly?
+=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
-=item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
+=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
-=item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
+B<Decryption Filters>
-=item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
+=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
-=item How do I define methods for every class/object?
+=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
-=item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
+=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
-=item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
+=item CONCLUSION
-=back
+=item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
+
+=item REQUIREMENTS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item Copyrights
=back
-=head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: 2002/05/30
-07:04:25 $)
+=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
=over 4
=over 4
-=item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
-
-=item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
-line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
-
-=item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
+=item PREAMBLE
-=item How do I make a temporary file name?
+B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
+Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
-=item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
+=item ROADMAP
-=item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
-filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
+=item Compiling your C program
-=item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
+=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
-=item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
+=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
-=item How can I write() into a string?
+=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
-=item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
+=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
-=item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
+=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
-=item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
+=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
-=item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
+=item Execution of END blocks
-=item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
+=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
-=item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
+=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
+program
-=item How can I reliably rename a file?
+=back
-=item How can I lock a file?
+=item Embedding Perl under Win32
-=item Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
+=item Hiding Perl_
-=item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
-the file. How can I do this?
+=item MORAL
-=item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
-file. Do I still have to use locking?
+=item AUTHOR
-=item How do I randomly update a binary file?
+=item COPYRIGHT
-=item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
+=back
-=item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
+=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
-=item How do I print to more than one file at once?
+=over 4
-=item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
+=item Debugger Internals
-=item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
+=over 4
-=item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
+=item Writing Your Own Debugger
-=item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
+=back
-=item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
+=item Frame Listing Output Examples
-=item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
+=item Debugging regular expressions
-=item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
-`C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
+=over 4
-=item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
+=item Compile-time output
-=item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
-protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
+C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
+I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
+I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
+C<anchored(TYPE)>
-=item How do I select a random line from a file?
+=item Types of nodes
-=item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
+=item Run-time output
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item Debugging Perl memory usage
-=back
+=over 4
-=head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date: 2002/06/01
-22:31:09 $)
+=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
-=over 4
+C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
+SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
+6144>
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Example of using B<-DL> switch
-=over 4
+C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
-=item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
-and unmaintainable code?
+=item B<-DL> details
-Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
+C<!!!>, C<!!>, C<!>
-=item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
+=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
-=item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
-different lines?
+=back
-=item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
-case on the RHS?
+=back
-=item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
+=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
-=item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
+=over 4
-=item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item What is C</o> really for?
+=item SPECIAL NOTES
-=item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
-file?
+=over 4
-=item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
+=item make
-=item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
+=item Version caveat
-=item How do I process each word on each line?
+=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
-=item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
+=back
-=item How can I do approximate matching?
+=item TUTORIAL
-=item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
+=over 4
-=item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
+=item EXAMPLE 1
-=item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
+=item EXAMPLE 2
-=item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
+=item What has gone on?
-=item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
+=item Writing good test scripts
-=item What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
+=item EXAMPLE 3
-=item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
+=item What's new here?
-=item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
+=item Input and Output Parameters
-=back
+=item The XSUBPP Program
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item The TYPEMAP file
-=back
+=item Warning about Output Arguments
-=head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date:
-2002/03/26 15:48:32 $)
+=item EXAMPLE 4
-=over 4
+=item What has happened here?
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Anatomy of .xs file
-=over 4
+=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
-=item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
+=item More about XSUB arguments
-=item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
-use them?
+=item The Argument Stack
-=item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
-commas?
+=item Extending your Extension
-=item How do I skip some return values?
+=item Documenting your Extension
-=item How do I temporarily block warnings?
+=item Installing your Extension
-=item What's an extension?
+=item EXAMPLE 5
-=item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
+=item New Things in this Example
-=item How do I declare/create a structure?
+=item EXAMPLE 6
-=item How do I create a module?
+=item New Things in this Example
-=item How do I create a class?
+=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
-=item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
+=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
-=item What's a closure?
+=item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
-=item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
+=item Troubleshooting these Examples
-=item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
-Regex}?
+=back
-Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
-Passing Methods
+=item See also
-=item How do I create a static variable?
+=item Author
-=item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
-Between local() and my()?
+=over 4
-=item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
-is in scope?
+=item Last Changed
-=item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
+=back
-=item Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
+=back
-=item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
+=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
-=item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
+=over 4
-=item How do I create a switch or case statement?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
+=over 4
-=item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
+=item Introduction
-=item How can I find out my current package?
+=item On The Road
-=item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
+=item The Anatomy of an XSUB
-=item How do I clear a package?
+=item The Argument Stack
-=item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
+=item The RETVAL Variable
-=back
+=item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item The MODULE Keyword
-=back
+=item The PACKAGE Keyword
-=head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2002/05/16
-12:41:42 $)
+=item The PREFIX Keyword
-=over 4
+=item The OUTPUT: Keyword
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
-=over 4
+=item The CODE: Keyword
-=item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
+=item The INIT: Keyword
-=item How come exec() doesn't return?
+=item The NO_INIT Keyword
-=item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
+=item Initializing Function Parameters
-Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
+=item Default Parameter Values
-=item How do I print something out in color?
+=item The PREINIT: Keyword
-=item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
+=item The SCOPE: Keyword
-=item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
+=item The INPUT: Keyword
-=item How do I clear the screen?
+=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
-=item How do I get the screen size?
+=item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
-=item How do I ask the user for a password?
+=item Variable-length Parameter Lists
-=item How do I read and write the serial port?
+=item The C_ARGS: Keyword
-lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
+=item The PPCODE: Keyword
-=item How do I decode encrypted password files?
+=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
-=item How do I start a process in the background?
+=item The REQUIRE: Keyword
-STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
+=item The CLEANUP: Keyword
-=item How do I trap control characters/signals?
+=item The POSTCALL: Keyword
-=item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
+=item The BOOT: Keyword
-=item How do I set the time and date?
+=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
-=item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
+=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
-=item How can I measure time under a second?
+=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
-=item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
+=item The ALIAS: Keyword
-=item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
-does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
+=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
-=item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
+=item The FALLBACK: Keyword
-=item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
+=item The INTERFACE: Keyword
-=item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
+=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
-=item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
+=item The INCLUDE: Keyword
-=item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
+=item The CASE: Keyword
-=item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
+=item The & Unary Operator
-=item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
+=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
-=item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
+=item Using XS With C++
-=item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
+=item Interface Strategy
-=item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
-^Z on MS-DOS)?
+=item Perl Objects And C Structures
-=item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
+=item The Typemap
-=item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
+=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
-=item How can I write expect in Perl?
+MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
-=item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
-"ps"?
+=back
-=item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
-come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
-changes to be visible?
+=item EXAMPLES
-Unix
+=item XS VERSION
-=item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
-complete?
+=item AUTHOR
-=item How do I fork a daemon process?
+=back
-=item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
+=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
-=item How do I timeout a slow event?
+=over 4
-=item How do I set CPU limits?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
+=over 4
-=item How do I use an SQL database?
+=item Conventions
-=item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
+C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
-=item How do I open a file without blocking?
+=item File Operations
-=item How do I install a module from CPAN?
+=item File Input and Output
-=item What's the difference between require and use?
+=item File Positioning
-=item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
+=item Memory Management and String Handling
-=item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
-search path?
+=item Character Class Tests
-=item How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
+=item F<stdlib.h> functions
-=item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
+=item Miscellaneous functions
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 18:46:13
-$)
+=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Variables
+
=over 4
-=item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
+=item Datatypes
-=item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
-Server Error)
+=item What is an "IV"?
-=item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
+=item Working with SVs
-=item How do I remove HTML from a string?
+=item Offsets
-=item How do I extract URLs?
+=item What's Really Stored in an SV?
-=item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
-file on another machine?
+=item Working with AVs
-=item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
+=item Working with HVs
-=item How do I fetch an HTML file?
+=item Hash API Extensions
-=item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
+=item AVs, HVs and undefined values
-=item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
+=item References
-=item How do I redirect to another page?
+=item Blessed References and Class Objects
-=item How do I put a password on my web pages?
+=item Creating New Variables
-=item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
+GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
-=item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
-CGI script to do bad things?
+=item Reference Counts and Mortality
-=item How do I parse a mail header?
+=item Stashes and Globs
-=item How do I decode a CGI form?
+=item Double-Typed SVs
+
+=item Magic Variables
+
+=item Assigning Magic
+
+=item Magic Virtual Tables
+
+=item Finding Magic
+
+=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
+
+=item Localizing changes
+
+C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
+C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
+*sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
+C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
+C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
+C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
+save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
+C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
+C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
+save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
-=item How do I check a valid mail address?
+=back
-=item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
+=item Subroutines
-=item How do I return the user's mail address?
+=over 4
-=item How do I send mail?
+=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
-=item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
+=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
-=item How do I read mail?
+=item Memory Allocation
-=item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
+=item PerlIO
-=item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
+=item Putting a C value on Perl stack
-=item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
+=item Scratchpads
-=item How can I do RPC in Perl?
+=item Scratchpads and recursion
=back
-=item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
+=item Compiled code
-=back
+=over 4
-=head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
+=item Code tree
-=over 4
+=item Examining the tree
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Compile pass 1: check routines
-=over 4
+=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
-=item Layout
+=item Compile pass 2: context propagation
-B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
+=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
+
+=item Pluggable runops
=back
-=item Using The Back Ends
+=item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
+
+=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
=over 4
-=item The Cross Referencing Back End
+=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
-i, &, s, r
+=item So what happened to dTHR?
-=item The Decompiling Back End
+=item How do I use all this in extensions?
-=item The Lint Back End
+=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
-=item The Simple C Back End
+=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
-=item The Bytecode Back End
+=back
-=item The Optimized C Back End
+=item Internal Functions
-=back
+A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b
-=item Module List for the Compiler Suite
+=over 4
-B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
-B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
-B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
+=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
-=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
+=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Source Documentation
=back
-=head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
+=item Unicode Support
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
-=over 4
+=item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
-=item PREAMBLE
+=item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
-B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
-Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
+=item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
-=item ROADMAP
+=item How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
-=item Compiling your C program
+=item Is there anything else I need to know?
-=item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
+=back
-=item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
+=item Custom Operators
-=item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
+=item AUTHORS
-=item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
+=back
-=item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
+=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
-=item Execution of END blocks
+=over 4
-=item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
-program
+An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
-=back
+=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
-=item Embedding Perl under Win32
+call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
-=item MORAL
+=item FLAG VALUES
-=item AUTHOR
+=over 4
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item G_VOID
-=back
+=item G_SCALAR
-=head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
+=item G_ARRAY
-=over 4
+=item G_DISCARD
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item G_NOARGS
-=item Debugger Internals
+=item G_EVAL
-=over 4
+=item G_KEEPERR
-=item Writing Your Own Debugger
+=item Determining the Context
=back
-=item Frame Listing Output Examples
+=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
-=item Debugging regular expressions
+=item EXAMPLES
=over 4
-=item Compile-time output
-
-C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
-I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
-I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
-C<anchored(TYPE)>
-
-=item Types of nodes
-
-=item Run-time output
-
-=back
+=item No Parameters, Nothing returned
-=item Debugging Perl memory usage
+=item Passing Parameters
-=over 4
+=item Returning a Scalar
-=item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
+=item Returning a list of values
-C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
-SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
-6144>
+=item Returning a list in a scalar context
-=item Example of using B<-DL> switch
+=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
-C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
+=item Using G_EVAL
-=item B<-DL> details
+=item Using G_KEEPERR
-C<!!!>, C<!!>, C<!>
+=item Using call_sv
-=item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
+=item Using call_argv
-=back
+=item Using call_method
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Using GIMME_V
-=back
+=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
-=head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
+=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
-=over 4
+1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
+callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
+callback
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Alternate Stack Manipulation
-=item SPECIAL NOTES
+=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
-=over 4
+=back
-=item make
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Version caveat
+=item AUTHOR
-=item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
+=item DATE
=back
-=item TUTORIAL
+=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
=over 4
-=item EXAMPLE 1
-
-=item EXAMPLE 2
-
-=item What has gone on?
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Writing good test scripts
+=item "Gimme" Values
-=item EXAMPLE 3
+GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
-=item What's new here?
+=item Array Manipulation Functions
-=item Input and Output Parameters
+AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
+av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
+get_av, newAV, sortsv
-=item The XSUBPP Program
+=item Callback Functions
-=item The TYPEMAP file
+call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
+FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
-=item Warning about Output Arguments
+=item Character classes
-=item EXAMPLE 4
+isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
-=item What has happened here?
+=item Cloning an interpreter
-=item Anatomy of .xs file
+perl_clone
-=item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
+=item CV Manipulation Functions
-=item More about XSUB arguments
+CvSTASH, get_cv
-=item The Argument Stack
+=item Embedding Functions
-=item Extending your Extension
+cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct,
+perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
-=item Documenting your Extension
+=item Functions in file pp_pack.c
-=item Installing your Extension
+packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str
-=item EXAMPLE 5
+=item Global Variables
-=item New Things in this Example
+PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
-=item EXAMPLE 6
+=item GV Functions
-=item New Things in this Example
+GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
+gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
-=item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
+=item Handy Values
-=item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
+Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv
-=item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
+=item Hash Manipulation Functions
-=item Troubleshooting these Examples
+get_hv, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force,
+HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_assert, hv_clear, hv_clear_placeholders,
+hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
+hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
+hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_scalar, hv_store, hv_store_ent,
+hv_undef, newHV
-=back
+=item Magical Functions
-=item See also
+mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
+SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
+SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE, SvUNLOCK
-=item Author
+=item Memory Management
-=over 4
+Copy, CopyD, Move, MoveD, New, Newc, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
+savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero, ZeroD
-=item Last Changed
+=item Miscellaneous Functions
-=back
+fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ,
+strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking,
+sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnormal, vnumify,
+vstringify
-=back
+=item Numeric functions
-=head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
+grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
+scan_hex, scan_oct
-=over 4
+=item Optree Manipulation Functions
-=item DESCRIPTION
+cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
-=over 4
+=item Pad Data Structures
-=item Introduction
+pad_sv
-=item On The Road
+=item Stack Manipulation Macros
-=item The Anatomy of an XSUB
+dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, mPUSHi, mPUSHn, mPUSHp, mPUSHu,
+mXPUSHi, mXPUSHn, mXPUSHp, mXPUSHu, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
+POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHmortal, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs,
+PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHmortal, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs,
+XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV,
+XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO,
+XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
-=item The Argument Stack
+=item SV Flags
-=item The RETVAL Variable
+svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
-=item The MODULE Keyword
+=item SV Manipulation Functions
-=item The PACKAGE Keyword
+get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv,
+newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv,
+newSVuv, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV,
+SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW,
+SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvIV_nomg, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp,
+SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX,
+SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only,
+SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force,
+SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force,
+SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg,
+SvPV_nolen, SvPV_nomg, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK,
+SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off,
+SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off,
+SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvUV_nomg, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io,
+sv_2iv_flags, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8,
+sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv_flags, sv_backoff,
+sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags,
+sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop,
+sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec,
+sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free,
+sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len,
+sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref,
+sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten,
+sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8,
+sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used,
+sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg,
+sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv, sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn,
+sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv,
+sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg,
+sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref,
+sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg,
+sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade,
+sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
-=item The PREFIX Keyword
+=item Unicode Support
-=item The OUTPUT: Keyword
+bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
+is_utf8_string_loc, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8,
+sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title,
+to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop,
+utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8,
+uvuni_to_utf8_flags
-=item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
+=item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
-=item The CODE: Keyword
+ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dUNDERBAR, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto,
+RETVAL, ST, THIS, UNDERBAR, XS, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
-=item The INIT: Keyword
+=item Warning and Dieing
-=item The NO_INIT Keyword
+croak, warn
-=item Initializing Function Parameters
+=item AUTHORS
-=item Default Parameter Values
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item The PREINIT: Keyword
+=back
-=item The SCOPE: Keyword
+=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
+ Perl functions
-=item The INPUT: Keyword
+=over 4
-=item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
+=item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
-=item Variable-length Parameter Lists
+CvWEAKOUTSIDE
-=item The C_ARGS: Keyword
+=item Functions in file pad.h
-=item The PPCODE: Keyword
+CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS,
+PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH,
+PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL,
+PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR,
+PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE, PAD_SV, PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV
-=item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
+=item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
-=item The REQUIRE: Keyword
+find_runcv
-=item The CLEANUP: Keyword
+=item Global Variables
-=item The POSTCALL: Keyword
+PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
+PL_rs
-=item The BOOT: Keyword
+=item GV Functions
-=item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
+is_gv_magical
-=item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
+=item IO Functions
-=item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
+start_glob
-=item The ALIAS: Keyword
+=item Pad Data Structures
-=item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
+CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon,
+pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex,
+pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new,
+pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef
-=item The INTERFACE: Keyword
+=item Stack Manipulation Macros
-=item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
+djSP, LVRET
-=item The INCLUDE: Keyword
+=item SV Manipulation Functions
-=item The CASE: Keyword
+find_uninit_var, report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs,
+sv_free_arenas
-=item The & Unary Operator
+=item AUTHORS
-=item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Using XS With C++
+=back
-=item Interface Strategy
+=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
-=item Perl Objects And C Structures
+=over 4
-=item The Typemap
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
+=over 4
-=back
+=item History and Background
-=item EXAMPLES
+=item Basic Structure
-=item XS VERSION
+=item Layers vs Disciplines
-=item AUTHOR
+=item Data Structures
-=back
+=item Functions and Attributes
-=head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
+=item Per-instance Data
-=over 4
+=item Layers in action.
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Per-instance flag bits
-=over 4
+PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
+PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
+PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
+PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
-=item Conventions
+=item Methods in Detail
-C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
+fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
+PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
+Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
+Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
+Set_ptrcnt
-=item File Operations
+=item Utilities
-=item File Input and Output
+=item Implementing PerlIO Layers
-=item File Positioning
+C implementations, Perl implementations
-=item Memory Management and String Handling
+=item Core Layers
-=item Character Class Tests
+"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
-=item F<stdlib.h> functions
+=item Extension Layers
-=item Miscellaneous functions
+":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item TODO
=back
-=head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
+=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
=over 4
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Variables
+1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
+B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
+B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
+B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
+B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
+B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
+B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
+B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
+B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
=over 4
-=item Datatypes
-
-=item What is an "IV"?
-
-=item Working with SVs
-
-=item Offsets
-
-=item What's Really Stored in an SV?
+=item Co-existence with stdio
-=item Working with AVs
+B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
+B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
-=item Working with HVs
+=item "Fast gets" Functions
-=item Hash API Extensions
+B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
+B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
-=item References
+=item Other Functions
-=item Blessed References and Class Objects
+PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
+'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
-=item Creating New Variables
+=back
-GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
+=back
-=item Reference Counts and Mortality
+=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
-=item Stashes and Globs
+=over 4
-=item Double-Typed SVs
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Magic Variables
+Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
+implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
+the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
+it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
+the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
+tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
+Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
-=item Assigning Magic
+=over 4
-=item Magic Virtual Tables
+=item Keeping in sync
-=item Finding Magic
+rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
+NFS, rsync'ing the patches
-=item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
+=item Why rsync the source tree
-=item Localizing changes
+It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
-C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
-C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
-*sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
-C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
-C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
-C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
-save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
-C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
-C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
-save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
+=item Why rsync the patches
-=back
+It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
+point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
-=item Subroutines
+=item Working with the source
-=over 4
+=item Perlbug administration
-=item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
+=item Submitting patches
-=item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
+L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
+F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
-=item Memory Allocation
+=item Finding Your Way Around
-=item PerlIO
+Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
-=item Putting a C value on Perl stack
+=item Elements of the interpreter
-=item Scratchpads
+Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
-=item Scratchpads and recursion
+=item Internal Variable Types
-=back
+=item Op Trees
-=item Compiled code
+=item Stacks
-=over 4
+Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
-=item Code tree
+=item Millions of Macros
-=item Examining the tree
+=item The .i Targets
-=item Compile pass 1: check routines
+=item Poking at Perl
-=item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
+=item Using a source-level debugger
-=item Compile pass 2: context propagation
+run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
+finish, 'enter', print
-=item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
+=item gdb macro support
-=item Pluggable runops
+=item Dumping Perl Data Structures
-=back
+=item Patching
-=item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
+=item Patching a core module
-=item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
+=item Adding a new function to the core
-=over 4
+=item Writing a test
-=item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
+F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
+F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
+t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
-=item So what happened to dTHR?
+=item Special Make Test Targets
-=item How do I use all this in extensions?
+coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
+check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third
+utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8
+check.utf8, test_harness
-=item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
+=item Running tests by hand
-=item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
+PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
=back
-=item Internal Functions
-
-A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x
+=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
=over 4
-=item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
+=item Rational Software's Purify
-=item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
+=item Purify on Unix
-=item Source Documentation
+-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
-=back
+=item Purify on NT
-=item Unicode Support
+DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
-=over 4
+=item valgrind
-=item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
+=item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
-=item How can I recognise a UTF8 string?
+=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
-=item How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?
+=item Profiling
-=item How does Perl store UTF8 strings?
+=item Gprof Profiling
-=item How do I convert a string to UTF8?
+-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
-=item Is there anything else I need to know?
+=item GCC gcov Profiling
-=back
+=item Pixie Profiling
-=item Custom Operators
+-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
+-z[ero]
-=item AUTHORS
+=item Miscellaneous tricks
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item CONCLUSION
+
+I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
=back
-=head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
+=item AUTHOR
-=over 4
+=back
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=head2 perlbook - Perl book information
-An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
+=over 4
-=item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
+=item DESCRIPTION
-call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
+=back
-=item FLAG VALUES
+=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
=over 4
-=item G_VOID
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item G_SCALAR
+=item assertions
-=item G_ARRAY
+=item iCOW
-=item G_DISCARD
+=item (?{...}) closures in regexps
-=item G_NOARGS
+=item A re-entrant regexp engine
-=item G_EVAL
+=item pragmata
-=item G_KEEPERR
+=over 4
-=item Determining the Context
+=item lexical pragmas
-=back
+=item use less 'memory'
-=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
+=back
-=item EXAMPLES
+=item prototypes and functions
=over 4
-=item No Parameters, Nothing returned
-
-=item Passing Parameters
-
-=item Returning a Scalar
+=item _ prototype character
-=item Returning a list of values
+=item inlining autoloaded constants
-=item Returning a list in a scalar context
+=item Finish off lvalue functions
-=item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
+=back
-=item Using G_EVAL
+=item Unicode and UTF8
-=item Using G_KEEPERR
+=over 4
-=item Using call_sv
+=item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation
-=item Using call_argv
+=item UTF8 caching code
-=item Using call_method
+=item Unicode in Filenames
-=item Using GIMME_V
+=item Unicode in %ENV
-=item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
+=back
-=item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
+=item Regexps
-1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
-callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
-callback
+=over 4
-=item Alternate Stack Manipulation
+=item regexp optimiser optional
-=item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
+=item common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item POD
-=item AUTHOR
+=over 4
-=item DATE
+=item POD -> HTML conversion still sucks
=back
-=head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
-
-=over 4
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Misc medium sized projects
=over 4
-=item DOCUMENTATION
+=item UNITCHECK
-L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
-L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
-L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
-L<roffitall|roffitall>
+=item optional optimizer
-=item CONVERTORS
+=item You WANT *how* many
-L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
+=item lexical aliases
-=item Administration
+=item no 6
-L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
+=item IPv6
-=item Development
+=item entersub XS vs Perl
-L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
-L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
+=item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item bincompat functions
-=back
+=item Use fchown/fchmod internally
=back
-=head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
+=item Tests
=over 4
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=item CONCEPTS
+=item Make Schwern poorer
-=item USING FILTERS
+=item test B
-=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
+=item Improve tests for Config.pm
-=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
+=item common test code for timed bailout
-B<Decryption Filters>
+=back
-=item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
+=item Installation
-=item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
+=over 4
-=item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
+=item compressed man pages
-=item CONCLUSION
+=item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl
-=item REQUIREMENTS
+=item Relocatable perl
-=item AUTHOR
+=item make HTML install work
-=item Copyrights
+=item put patchlevel in -v
=back
-=head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
+=item Incremental things
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
-B<filter_fetch_value>
-
-=over 4
+=item autovivification
-=item The Filter
+=item fix tainting bugs
-=item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
+=item Make tainting consistent
-=item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
+=item Dual life everything
=back
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Vague things
-=item AUTHOR
+=over 4
-=back
+=item threads
-=head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
+=item POSIX memory footprint
-=over 4
+=item Optimize away @_
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item switch ops
-=item "Gimme" Values
+=item Attach/detach debugger from running program
-GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
+=item A decent benchmark
-=item Array Manipulation Functions
+=back
-AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
-av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
-get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv
+=back
-=item Callback Functions
+=head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
-call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
-FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
+=over 4
-=item Character classes
+=item SYNOPSIS
-isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Cloning an interpreter
+=item OPTIONS
-perl_clone
+B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
+I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
+I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
+B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>,
+B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
+B<-V>
-=item CV Manipulation Functions
+=item SECURITY
-CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv
+=item ENVIRONMENT
-=item Embedding Functions
+=item AUTHOR
-load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct,
-perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
+=back
-=item Functions in file pp_pack.c
+=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
-pack_cat, unpack_str
+=over 4
-=item Global Variables
+=item DESCRIPTION
-PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
+=item INTRODUCTION
-=item GV Functions
+=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
-GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
-gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
+=over 4
-=item Handy Values
+=item PUMPKIN?
-HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv
+=back
-=item Hash Manipulation Functions
+=item THE RECORDS
-get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set,
-HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists,
-hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey,
-hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval,
-hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv
+=over 4
-=item Magical Functions
+=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
-mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
-SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
-SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE
+=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
-=item Memory Management
+=back
-Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
-savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero
+=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
-=item Miscellaneous Functions
+=back
-fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT,
-strNE, strnEQ, strnNE
+=head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
-=item Numeric functions
+=over 4
-grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
-scan_hex, scan_oct
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Optree Manipulation Functions
+=item Incompatible Changes
-cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
+=item Core Enhancements
-=item Stack Manipulation Macros
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
-POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu,
-PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN,
-XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF,
-XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
+=item Utility Changes
-=item SV Flags
+=item Documentation
-svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
+=item Performance Enhancements
-=item SV Manipulation Functions
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
-get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv,
-newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv,
-new_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV,
-SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx,
-SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off,
-SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp,
-SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte,
-SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8,
-SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX,
-SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec,
-SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT,
-SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK,
-SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool,
-sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen,
-sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv,
-sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn,
-sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags,
-sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm,
-sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal,
-sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert,
-sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext,
-sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nolocking, sv_nosharing,
-sv_nounlocking, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte,
-sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags,
-sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace,
-sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv,
-sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg,
-sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn,
-sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg,
-sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags,
-sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode,
-sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags,
-sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
-=item Unicode Support
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
-bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
-pv_uni_display, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case,
-to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr,
-utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes,
-utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags
+=item Changed Internals
-=item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
+=item Known Problems
-ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST,
-THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
+=over 4
-=item Warning and Dieing
+=item Platform Specific Problems
-croak, warn
+=back
-=item AUTHORS
+=item Reporting Bugs
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
- Perl functions
+=head2 perl592delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Global Variables
+=item Incompatible Changes
-PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
-PL_rs
+=item Core Enhancements
-=item GV Functions
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-is_gv_magical
+=item Utility Changes
-=item IO Functions
+=item Documentation
+
+=item Performance Enhancements
+
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
-start_glob
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
-=item Pad Data Structures
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
-CvPADLIST
+=item Changed Internals
-=item Stack Manipulation Macros
+=item Known Problems
-djSP, LVRET
+=over 4
-=item SV Manipulation Functions
+=item Platform Specific Problems
-report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas
+=back
-=item AUTHORS
+=item Reporting Bugs
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
+=head2 perl591delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.1
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over 4
-
-=item History and Background
+=item Incompatible Changes
-=item Layers vs Disciplines
+=over 4
-=item Data Structures
+=item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
-=item Functions and Attributes
+=item The C<:unique> attribute is only meaningful for globals
-=item Per-instance Data
+=back
-=item Layers in action.
+=item Core Enhancements
-=item Per-instance flag bits
+=over 4
-PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
-PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
-PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
-PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
+=item Lexical C<$_>
-=item Methods in Detail
+=item Tied hashes in scalar context
-fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
-PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
-Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
-Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
-Set_ptrcnt
+=item Formats
-=item Core Layers
+=item Stacked filetest operators
-"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
+=back
-=item Extension Layers
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-":encoding", ":Scalar", ":Via"
+Benchmark, Carp, Exporter, FindBin, List::Util, threads::shared
-=back
+=item Utility Changes
-=item TODO
+=item Documentation
-=back
+=item Performance Enhancements
-=head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item UTF-8 bugs
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Threading bugs
-1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
-B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
-B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
-B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
-B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
-B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
-B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
-B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
-B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
+=item More bugs
-=over 4
+=back
-=item Co-existence with stdio
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
-B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
-B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
+=item Changed Internals
-=item "Fast gets" Functions
+=over 4
-B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
-B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
+=item Reordering of SVt_* constants
-=item Other Functions
+=item Removal of CPP symbols
-PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
-'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
+=item Less space is used by ops
-=back
+=item New parser
=back
-=head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
+=item Configuration and Building
-=over 4
+=item Known Problems
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=over 4
-=item To do during 5.6.x
+=item Platform Specific Problems
-=over 4
+=back
-=item Support for I/O disciplines
+=item To-do for perl 5.10.0
-=item Autoload bytes.pm
+=item Reporting Bugs
-=item Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)
+=back
-=item Overloadable regex assertions
+=head2 perl590delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
-=item Unicode
+=over 4
-=item Work out exit/die semantics for threads
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth
+=item Incompatible Changes
-=item Typed lexicals for compiler
+=over 4
-=item Compiler workarounds for Win32
+=item Hash Randomisation
-=item AUTOLOADing in the compiler
+=item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
-=item Fixing comppadlist when compiling
+=item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
-=item Cleaning up exported namespace
+=item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
-=item Complete signal handling
+=item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
-=item Out-of-source builds
+=item The C<$*> variable has been removed
-=item POSIX realtime support
+=back
-=item UNIX98 support
+=item Core Enhancements
-=item IPv6 Support
+=over 4
-=item Long double conversion
+=item Assertions
-=item Locales
+=item Defined-or operators
-=item Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals
+=item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
-=item POSIX Unicode character classes
+=item Unsafe signals again available
-=item Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
+=item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
-=item Security audit shipped utilities
+=item local ${$x}
-=item Sort out the uid-setting mess
+=item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
-=item Custom opcodes
+=item Miscellaneous Enhancements
-=item DLL Versioning
+=back
-=item Introduce @( and @)
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-=item Floating point handling
+=over 4
-=item IV/UV preservation
+=item Updated Modules And Pragmata
-=item Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser
+base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
+CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
+Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
+PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
+Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
+Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
+Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
+Win32::GetOSVersion
-=item Automate module testing on CPAN
+=back
-=item sendmsg and recvmsg
+=item Utility Changes
-=item Rewrite perlre documentation
+=item New Documentation
-=item Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles
+=item Performance Enhancements
-=item Document Win32 choices
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
-=item Check new modules
+=over 4
-=item Make roffitall find pods and libs itself
+=item Platform-specific enhancements
=back
-=item To do at some point
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
=over 4
-=item Remove regular expression recursion
+=item Closures, eval and lexicals
-=item Memory leaks after failed eval
+=item Generic fixes
-=item bitfields in pack
+=item Platform-specific fixes
-=item Cross compilation
+=back
-=item Perl preprocessor / macros
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
-=item Perl lexer in Perl
+=over 4
-=item Using POSIX calls internally
+=item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
-=item -i rename file when changed
+=item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
-=item All ARGV input should act like E<lt>E<gt>
+=item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
-=item Support for rerunning debugger
+=item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
-=item Test Suite for the Debugger
+=item New "Missing control char name in \c"
-=item my sub foo { }
+=item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
-=item One-pass global destruction
+=item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
-=item Rewrite regexp parser
+=item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
-=item Cache recently used regexps
+=item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
-=item Cross-compilation support
+=item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
-=item Bit-shifting bitvectors
+=item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
-=item debugger pragma
+=back
-=item use less pragma
+=item Changed Internals
-=item switch structures
+=item New Tests
-=item Cache eval tree
+=item Known Problems
-=item rcatmaybe
+=over 4
-=item Shrink opcode tables
+=item Tied hashes in scalar context
-=item Optimize away @_
+=item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
-=item Prototypes versus indirect objects
+=item B::C
-=item Install HTML
+=back
-=item Prototype method calls
+=item Platform Specific Problems
-=item Return context prototype declarations
+=over 4
-=item magic_setisa
+=item EBCDIC Platforms
-=item Garbage collection
+=item Cygwin 1.5 problems
-=item IO tutorial
+=item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
-=item Rewrite perldoc
+=item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
-=item Install .3p manpages
+=item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
-=item Unicode tutorial
+=item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
-=item Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2
+=item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
-=item Retargetable installation
+=back
-=item POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems
+=item TODO
-=item Rename Win32 headers
+=item Reporting Bugs
-=item Finish off lvalue functions
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Update sprintf documentation
+=back
-=item Use fchown/fchmod internally
+=head2 perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
-=item Make v-strings overloaded objects
+=over 4
-=item Allow restricted hash assignment
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Should overload be inheritable?
+=item Incompatible Changes
-=item Taint rethink
+=item Core Enhancements
-=back
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-=item Vague ideas
+=item Utility Changes
=over 4
-=item ref() in list context
-
-=item Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context
+=item Perl's debugger
-=item Compile to real threaded code
+=item h2ph
-=item Structured types
+=back
-=item Modifiable $1 et al.
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
-=item Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
-=item RPC modules
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
-=item Attach/detach debugger from running program
+=item Changed Internals
-=item GUI::Native
+=item Known Problems
-=item foreach(reverse ...)
+=item Platform Specific Problems
-=item Constant function cache
+=item Reporting Bugs
-=item Approximate regular expression matching
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=item Ongoing
+=head2 perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
=over 4
-=item Update guts documentation
-
-=item Add more tests
-
-=item Update auxiliary tools
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Create debugging macros
+=item Incompatible Changes
-=item truncate to the people
+=item Core Enhancements
-=item Unicode in Filenames
+=over 4
-=back
+=item Malloc wrapping
-=item Recently done things
+=item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
-=over 4
+=item suidperl less insecure
-=item Alternative RE syntax module
+=item format
-=item Safe signal handling
+=back
-=item Tie Modules
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-=item gettimeofday
+=over 4
-=item setitimer and getimiter
+=item Updated modules
-=item Testing __DIE__ hook
+Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find,
+IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
+Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable,
+Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32,
+base, open, threads, utf8
-=item CPP equivalent in Perl
+=back
-=item Explicit switch statements
+=item Performance Enhancements
-=item autocroak
+=item Utility Changes
-=item UTF/EBCDIC
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
-=item UTF Regexes
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
-=item perlcc to produce executable
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
-=item END blocks saved in compiled output
+=item Changed Internals
-=item Secure temporary file module
+=item Future Directions
-=item Integrate Time::HiRes
+=item Platform Specific Problems
-=item Turn Cwd into XS
+=item Reporting Bugs
-=item Mmap for input
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion
+=back
-=item Add sockatmark support
+=head2 perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
-=item Mailing list archives
+=over 4
-=item Bug tracking
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Integrate MacPerl
+=item Incompatible Changes
-=item Web "nerve center" for Perl
+=item Core Enhancements
-=item Regular expression tutorial
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-=item Debugging Tutorial
+CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util,
+Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate,
+Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
-=item Integrate new modules
+=item Utility Changes
-=item Integrate profiler
+=item New Documentation
-=item Y2K error detection
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
-=item Regular expression debugger
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
-=item POD checker
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
-=item "Dynamic" lexicals
+=item Changed Internals
-=item Cache precompiled modules
+=item Configuration and Building
-=back
+=item Platform Specific Problems
-=item Deprecated Wishes
+=item Known Problems
-=over 4
+=item Future Directions
-=item Loop control on do{}
+=item Obituary
-=item Lexically scoped typeglobs
+=item Reporting Bugs
-=item format BOTTOM
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item report HANDLE
+=back
-=item Generalised want()/caller())
+=head2 perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
-=item Named prototypes
+=over 4
-=item Built-in globbing
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Regression tests for suidperl
+=item Incompatible Changes
-=item Cached hash values
+=item Core Enhancements
-=item Add compression modules
+=over 4
-=item Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references
+=item Hash Randomisation
-=item Remove distinction between functions and operators
+=item Threading
-=item Make XS easier to use
+=back
-=item Make embedding easier to use
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-=item man for perl
+=over 4
-=item my $Package::variable
+=item Updated Modules And Pragmata
-=item "or" tests defined, not truth
+Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64,
+Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate,
+Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
-=item "class"-based lexicals
+=back
-=item byteperl
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
-=item Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal
+=item Changed Internals
-=item Make "use utf8" the default
+=item Platform Specific Problems
-=item Unicode collation and normalization
+=item Future Directions
-=item pack/unpack tutorial
+=item Reporting Bugs
-=back
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
+=head2 perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
-implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
-the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
-it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
-the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
-tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
-Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
+=item Incompatible Changes
=over 4
-=item Keeping in sync
-
-rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
-NFS, rsync'ing the patches
-
-=item Why rsync the source tree
-
-It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
-
-=item Why rsync the patches
+=item Hash Randomisation
-It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
-point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
+=item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
-=item Perlbug remote interface
+=item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
-1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.org, 3
-commands_and_bugdids@bugs.perl.org, notes, patches, tests
+=item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
-=item Submitting patches
+=item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
-L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
-F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
+=back
-=item Finding Your Way Around
+=item Core Enhancements
-Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
+=over 4
-=item Elements of the interpreter
+=item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
-Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
+=item Unsafe signals again available
-=item Internal Variable Types
+=item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
-=item Op Trees
+=item local ${$x}
-=item Stacks
+=item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
-Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
+=item Deprecation Warnings
-=item Millions of Macros
+=item Miscellaneous Enhancements
-=item Poking at Perl
+=back
-=item Using a source-level debugger
+=item Modules and Pragmata
-run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
-finish, 'enter', print
+=over 4
-=item Dumping Perl Data Structures
+=item Updated Modules And Pragmata
-=item Patching
+base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
+CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
+Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
+PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
+Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
+Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
+Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
+Win32::GetOSVersion
-=item Patching a core module
+=back
-=item Adding a new function to the core
+=item Utility Changes
-=item Writing a test
+=item New Documentation
-F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
-F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
+=item Installation and Configuration Improvements
-=item Special Make Test Targets
+=over 4
-coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.third check.third utest.third
-ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8
+=item Platform-specific enhancements
=back
-=item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
+=item Selected Bug Fixes
=over 4
-=item Rational Software's Purify
+=item Closures, eval and lexicals
-=item Purify on Unix
+=item Generic fixes
--Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
+=item Platform-specific fixes
-=item Purify on NT
+=back
-DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
+=item New or Changed Diagnostics
-=item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
+=over 4
-=item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
+=item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
-=item Profiling
+=item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
-=item Gprof Profiling
+=item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
--a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
+=item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
-=item GCC gcov Profiling
+=item New "Missing control char name in \c"
-=item Pixie Profiling
+=item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
--h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
--z[ero]
+=item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
-=item Miscellaneous tricks
+=item New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
-=item CONCLUSION
+=item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
-I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
+=item New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
-=back
+=item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
-=item AUTHOR
+=item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
+
+=item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
=back
-=head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
+=item Changed Internals
-=over 4
+=item New Tests
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Known Problems
-=item INTRODUCTION
+=over 4
-=item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
+=item Tied hashes in scalar context
-=over 4
+=item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
-=item PUMPKIN?
+=item B::C
=back
-=item THE RECORDS
+=item Platform Specific Problems
=over 4
-=item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
+=item EBCDIC Platforms
-=item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
+=item Cygwin 1.5 problems
+
+=item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
+
+=item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
+
+=item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
+
+=item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
+
+=item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
=back
-=item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
+=item Future Directions
+
+=item Reporting Bugs
+
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
+=head2 perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
=over 4
=item AIX Dynaloading
-=item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time.
+=item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
=item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
=item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
+=item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
+
=item New Unicode Properties
=item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
=item pack/unpack D/F recycled
+=item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
+
=item Deprecations
=back
=over 4
+=item Unicode Overhaul
+
=item PerlIO is Now The Default
+=item ithreads
+
=item Restricted Hashes
=item Safe Signals
-=item Unicode Overhaul
-
=item Understanding of Numbers
=item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
=over 4
+=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
+
+=item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
+
+=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
+
+=item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
+
+=item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
+
+=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
+
+=item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
+
+=item PDL failing some tests
+
+=item Perl_get_sv
+
+=item Self-tying Problems
+
+=item ext/threads/t/libc
+
+=item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
+
+=item Timing problems
+
+=item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
+
+=item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
+
+=back
+
+=item Platform Specific Problems
+
+=over 4
+
=item AIX
=item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
=item Cygwin "unable to remap"
-=item ext/threads/t/libc
+=item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
+
+=item DJGPP Failures
=item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
=item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
-=item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t
-
-=item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
-
-=item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
-
-=item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
+=item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
=item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
=item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
-=item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
-
=item Mac OS X
+=item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
+
=item OS/2 Test Failures
=item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
+=item SCO
+
=item Solaris 2.5
=item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
=item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
-=item PDL failing some tests
-
=item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
-=item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
-
-=item Timing problems
-
-=item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
-
=item UNICOS/mk
=item UTS
=item z/OS (OS/390)
-=item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
+=item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
-=item Self-tying Problems
+=item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
-=item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
+=back
-=item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
+=item Reporting Bugs
-=item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
+=item HISTORY
-=item The Long Double Support Is Still Experimental
+=back
-=item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
+=head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
-=back
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item Changes
=item Reporting Bugs
=back
+=head2 perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item The "Artistic License"
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Preamble
+
+=item Definitions
+
+"Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
+copying fee", "Freely Available"
+
+=item Conditions
+
+a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=head2 perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+
+=back
+
=head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
=over 4
=item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
+=item The usenm option
+
=item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
=item Using Large Files with Perl
=back
-=head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
-
-=over 4
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=item AUTHOR
-
-=back
-
=head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
=over 4
=back
+=head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
=head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
=over 4
=item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
+=item Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
+
=back
=item AUTHORS
=back
-=over 4
+=head2 perlce - Perl for WinCE
-=item Name
+=over 4
-=item Description
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=item Build
+=item BUILD
=over 4
=item Tools & SDK
+Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
+celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources
+
=item Make
+go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run compile.bat, run
+ compile.bat dist
+
=back
-=item Acknowledgements
+=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
-=item Author
+=item AUTHORS
=back
=over 4
-=item Warnings on Cygwin
+=item Errors on Cygwin
=item ld2 on Cygwin
=item File Permissions on Cygwin
+=item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
+
+=item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
+
=item Script Portability on Cygwin
-Pathnames, Text/Binary, F<.exe>, chown(), Miscellaneous
+Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
=back
=item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
+=item Using perl from HP's porting centre
+
=item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
=item PA-RISC
=item PA-RISC 2.0
-=item Itanium
+=item Itanium & Itanium 2
=item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
=item Building with threads in Irix
+=item Irix 5.3
+
=back
=item AUTHOR
=over 4
-=item Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen
+=item Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
+
+=item Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
=item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
=back
+=head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Installation Prefix
+
+=item libperl and Prebinding
+
+=item Updating Panther
+
+=item Known problems
+
+=item MacPerl
+
+=item Carbon
+
+=item Cocoa
+
+=back
+
+=item Starting From Scratch
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item DATE
+
+=back
+
=head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
=over 4
=item AUTHOR
-=item Name
+=back
-=item Description
+=head2 perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
-=item Build
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item BUILD
=over 4
=back
-=item Install
+=item INSTALL
-=item Build new extensions
+=item BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
-=item Acknowledgements
+=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
-=item Authors
+=item AUTHORS
-=item Date
+=item DATE
=back
=item Hand-editing
-=item Making
+=item Making
+
+=item Testing
+
+A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
+F<op/stat.t>
+
+=item Installing the built perl
+
+=item C<a.out>-style build
+
+=back
+
+=item Building a binary distribution
-=item Testing
+=item Building custom F<.EXE> files
-A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
-F<op/stat.t>
+=over 4
-=item Installing the built perl
+=item Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
+extensions
-=item C<a.out>-style build
+=item Making executables with a custom search-paths
=back
=back
-=head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
+=head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
=over 4
=over 4
-=item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
-
-/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
+=item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
-=item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
+=item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
-=item QNX auxiliary files
+=item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
-qnx/ar, qnx/cpp
+=item Known Problems
-=item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
+=item Perl on ILE
=back
-=item AUTHOR
+=item AUTHORS
=back
=back
+=head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
+
+/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
+
+=item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
+
+=item QNX auxiliary files
+
+qnx/ar, qnx/cpp
+
+=item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
+
+=back
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
=head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
=over 4
=item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
-=item Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris
+=item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
=back
=over 4
-=item 64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.
+=item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
-=item Threads in Perl on Solaris.
+=item Threads in perl on Solaris.
-=item Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.
+=item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
=back
=back
+=item SunOS 4.x
+
=item AUTHOR
=item LAST MODIFIED
=item Long Doubles on Tru64
+=item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
+
=item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
=item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
=item SYNOPSIS
-=over 4
-
-=item Multiple methods to build perl for VOS
-
-=item Stratus POSIX Support
-
-=back
+=item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
=item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
-=over 4
-
-=item Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
-
-=item Installing Perl 5 on VOS
-
-=back
-
=item USING PERL IN VOS
=over 4
-=item Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
-
=item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
=item Handling of underflow and overflow
=item Setting Up Perl on Win32
Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Platform
-SDK 64-bit Compiler, Mingw32 with GCC
+SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc
=item Building
=item BUGS AND CAVEATS
+=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
=item AUTHORS
Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
=back
-=head2 threadshared::queue, threads::shared::queue - thread-safe queues
+=head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
+data structures between threads
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
-
-new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
-
-=item SEE ALSO
-
-=back
+=item EXPORT
-=head2 threadshared::semaphore, threads::shared::semaphore - thread-safe
-semaphores
+=item FUNCTIONS
-=over 4
+share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
+LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
+ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item NOTES
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item BUGS
-=item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
+=item AUTHOR
-new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
-data structures between threads
+=head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
+from perl
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item EXPORT
+$thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
+threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
+threads->list();, async BLOCK;
-=item FUNCTIONS
+=item WARNINGS
-share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
-cond_broadcast VARIABLE
+A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
-=item NOTES
+=item TODO
=item BUGS
-=item AUTHOR
+Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
+blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
+
+=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
-from perl
+=head2 assertions - select assertions in blocks of code
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-$thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
-threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->yield();, threads->list();, async
-BLOCK;
+=item SEE ALSO
-=item WARNINGS
+=item AUTHOR
-A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
+=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
-=item BUGS / TODO
+=back
-Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are
-not threadsafe, will not be
+=head2 assertions::activate - activate assertions
-=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
=item SEE ALSO
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
+
=back
=head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
=back
-=head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
-
-=over 4
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-method, locked
-
-=back
-
=head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
=over 4
=back
-=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time
+=head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base classes at compile time
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
+
+Base class package "%s" is empty
+
=item HISTORY
+=item CAVEATS
+
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 bigint - Transparent big integer support for Perl
+=head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
=over 4
=item METHODS
+=item CAVEAT
+
=back
=item MODULES USED
a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
+=item METHODS
+
+=item CAVEAT
+
+inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
+
=item MATH LIBRARY
=item INTERNAL FORMAT
=item SIGN
-=item METHODS
-
=back
=item MODULES USED
=item METHODS
+=item CAVEAT
+
=back
=item EXAMPLES
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item LIMITATIONS
+
=item SEE ALSO
=back
=item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
+=item CUSTOM ALIASES
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Anonymous hashes
+
+=item Alias file
+
+=item Alias shortcut
+
+=back
+
=item charnames::viacode(code)
=item charnames::vianame(name)
=back
-=head2 diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning
-diagnostics
+=head2 diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
=over 4
=item ABSTRACT
+=over 4
+
+=item Literal Conversions
+
+=item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
+
+=item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
+
+=back
+
+=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
+
+"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
+
=item USAGE
use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
-I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, no encoding;
+I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
+
+=item The Filter Option
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
+
+=back
=item CAVEATS
=item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
-=back
+=item tr/// with ranges
-=item Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option
+Legend of characters above
-use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;
+=back
=item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
+literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
+
+=item HISTORY
+
=item SEE ALSO
=back
=back
-=head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
-
-=over 4
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=back
-
=head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
=over 4
C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
+=item HISTORY
+
=back
=head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
=back
-=head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
-from perl
+=head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
+structures between threads
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-$thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
-threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->yield();, threads->list();, async
-BLOCK;
+=item EXPORT
-=item WARNINGS
+=item FUNCTIONS
-A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
+share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
+LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
+ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
-=item BUGS / TODO
+=item NOTES
-Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are
-not threadsafe, will not be
+=item BUGS
-=item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
+=item AUTHOR
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
-structures between threads
+=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
+code
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item EXPORT
+=over 4
-=item FUNCTIONS
+=item Utility functions
-share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE,
-cond_broadcast VARIABLE
+$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
+FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), utf8::decode($string), $flag =
+utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
-=item NOTES
+=back
=item BUGS
-=item AUTHOR
-
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 threadshared::queue, threads::shared::queue - thread-safe queues
+=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
-
-new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
-
-=item SEE ALSO
-
=back
-=head2 threadshared::semaphore, threads::shared::semaphore - thread-safe
-semaphores
+=head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
-
-new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
+=over 4
-=back
+=item What IS a version
-=head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
-code
+Numeric Versions, Quoted Versions
-=over 4
+=item What about v-strings?
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item Numeric Versions
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item Quoted Versions
-=over 4
+=item Object Methods
-=item Utility functions
+New Operator, qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison
+operators, Logical Operators
-$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]),
-utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string), $flag =
-utf8::valid(STRING)
+=item Quoting
-=back
+=item Types of Versions Objects
-=item BUGS
+Ordinary versions, Alpha versions
-=item SEE ALSO
+=item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
=back
-=head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
-
-=over 4
+=item EXPORT
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item AUTHOR
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=item SEE ALSO
=back
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item OVERVIEW
+
+=item Utility Functions
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
+objects
+
+sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
+check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
+
+=item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
+
+walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
+
+=item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
+
+main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
+
+=item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
+
+ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
+perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
+
+=back
+
=item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
=over 4
=item SV-RELATED CLASSES
-=item B::SV METHODS
+=item B::SV Methods
-REFCNT, FLAGS
+REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
-=item B::IV METHODS
+=item B::IV Methods
IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
-=item B::NV METHODS
+=item B::NV Methods
NV, NVX
-=item B::RV METHODS
+=item B::RV Methods
RV
-=item B::PV METHODS
+=item B::PV Methods
PV, RV, PVX
-=item B::PVMG METHODS
+=item B::PVMG Methods
MAGIC, SvSTASH
-=item B::MAGIC METHODS
+=item B::MAGIC Methods
MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
-=item B::PVLV METHODS
+=item B::PVLV Methods
TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
-=item B::BM METHODS
+=item B::BM Methods
USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
-=item B::GV METHODS
+=item B::GV Methods
is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
-=item B::IO METHODS
+=item B::IO Methods
LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
-=item B::AV METHODS
+=item B::AV Methods
-FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS
+FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS
-=item B::CV METHODS
+=item B::CV Methods
-STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY,
-CvFLAGS, const_sv
+STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
+XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
-=item B::HV METHODS
+=item B::HV Methods
FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
=item OP-RELATED CLASSES
-=item B::OP METHODS
+=item B::OP Methods
next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private
children
-=item B::PMOP METHODS
+=item B::PMOP Methods
pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
-pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffet
+pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
=item B::SVOP METHOD
pv
-=item B::LOOP METHODS
+=item B::LOOP Methods
redoop, nextop, lastop
-=item B::COP METHODS
-
-label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line
-
-=back
+=item B::COP Methods
-=item FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY C<B>
+label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
-main_cv, init_av, begin_av, end_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist,
-regex_padav, sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP,
-METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE,
-PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c,
-cstring(STR), perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
+=back
=item AUTHOR
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item EXAMPLE
+
=item OPTIONS
-B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
-B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
-B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
+B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
-=item EXAMPLES
+=item KNOWN BUGS
-=item BUGS
+=item NOTICE
=item AUTHORS
=item OPTIONS
-B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>, B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>,
-B<-main>, B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>, B<-concise>,
-B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
+=over 4
+
+=item Options for Opcode Ordering
+
+B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>
+
+=item Options for Line-Style
+
+B<-concise>, B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
+
+=item Options for tree-specific formatting
+
+B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>
+
+=item Options controlling sequence numbering
+
+B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>
+
+=item Other options
+
+B<-main>, B<-nomain>, B<-nobanner>, B<-banner>, B<-banneris> => subref
+
+=item Option Stickiness
+
+=back
+
+=item ABBREVIATIONS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item OP class abbreviations
+
+=item OP flags abbreviations
+
+=back
=item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
+=over 4
+
+=item Special Patterns
+
B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
-B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<~>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
+B<~>
+
+=item # Variables
+
+B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<#>I<Var>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
-B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>, B<#svval>,
-B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
+B<#seq>, B<#opt>, B<#static>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>, B<#svclass>,
+B<#svval>, B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
-=item ABBREVIATIONS
+=back
+
+=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
=over 4
-=item OP flags abbreviations
+=item Example: Altering Concise Renderings
-=item OP class abbreviations
+=item set_style()
-=back
+=item set_style_standard($name)
-=item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
+=item add_style()
+
+=item add_callback()
+
+=item Running B::Concise::compile()
+
+=item B::Concise::reset_sequence()
+
+=item Errors
+
+=back
=item AUTHOR
=item OPTIONS
-B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
+B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
=item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
=item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
-B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<dollar-underscore>,
-B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>, B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
+B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<bare-subs>,
+B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
+B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
=item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
=item Optional Exports
-clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [
+clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
+=item :hireswallclock
+
=back
=item NOTES
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item EXAMPLE
+
=item OPTIONS
-B<-ofilename>, B<-afilename>, B<-->, B<-f>, B<-fcompress-nullops>,
-B<-fomit-sequence-numbers>, B<-fbypass-nullops>, B<-On>, B<-D>, B<-Do>,
-B<-Db>, B<-Da>, B<-DC>, B<-S>, B<-upackage>
+B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
-=item EXAMPLES
+=item KNOWN BUGS
-=item BUGS
+=item NOTICE
=item AUTHORS
=item CREATING A POPUP MENU
+=item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
+
=item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
B<Parameters:>
=item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
-B<Parameters:>
+B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
+type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
=item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
=item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
-B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()>, B<referer()>,
-B<auth_type ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
-B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name ()>,
-B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
+B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
+name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
+()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
+B<virtual_port ()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name
+()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
=item USING NPH SCRIPTS
=item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
-=item CHANGE LOG
+=item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
=item AUTHORS
=item SYNOPSIS
+=item STATUS
+
=item DESCRIPTION
=over 4
=back
-=head2 Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside
+=head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside
=head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
=item DESCRIPTION
-myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)
+myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
=item EXAMPLE
=item d
-C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_alarm>, C<d_archlib>,
-C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>, C<d_bcmp>,
-C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>, C<d_bzero>,
-C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>, C<d_chroot>,
-C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>, C<d_const>,
-C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>, C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>,
-C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>, C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>,
-C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>, C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>,
-C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>, C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>,
-C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>, C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>,
-C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>, C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>,
-C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>, C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>,
-C<d_eunice>, C<d_fchdir>, C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>,
-C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>, C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>,
-C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>, C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>,
-C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>, C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>,
-C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>, C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>,
-C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>, C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>,
-C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>, C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>,
-C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>, C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>,
-C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>, C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>,
-C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>, C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>,
-C<d_gethostent_r>, C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>,
-C<d_getlogin_r>, C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>,
-C<d_getnbyname>, C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>,
-C<d_getnetent_r>, C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>,
-C<d_getpbynumber>, C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>,
-C<d_getppid>, C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>,
-C<d_getprotobynumber_r>, C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>,
-C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>, C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>,
-C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>, C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>,
-C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>, C<d_getservent_r>,
-C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>, C<d_gettimeod>,
-C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>, C<d_htonl>,
-C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>, C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>,
-C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>, C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>,
-C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>, C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>,
-C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>, C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>,
-C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>, C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>,
-C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>, C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>,
-C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>, C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>,
-C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>,
-C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>, C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>,
-C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>, C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>,
-C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>, C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>,
-C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>, C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>,
-C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>, C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>,
-C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>, C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>,
-C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>, C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>,
-C<d_PRIFUldbl>, C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>,
-C<d_PRIu64>, C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>,
-C<d_pthread_atfork>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
+C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
+C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>,
+C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>,
+C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>,
+C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>,
+C<d_const>, C<d_copysignl>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>,
+C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>,
+C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>,
+C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>,
+C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>,
+C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>,
+C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>,
+C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>,
+C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
+C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>,
+C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>,
+C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>,
+C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>,
+C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>,
+C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
+C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
+C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
+C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
+C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
+C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
+C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
+C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
+C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
+C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
+C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
+C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
+C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
+C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
+C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
+C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>,
+C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
+C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
+C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>,
+C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>,
+C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>,
+C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>,
+C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>,
+C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>,
+C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>,
+C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>,
+C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>,
+C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
+C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
+C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
+C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
+C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
+C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>, C<d_pthread_atfork>,
+C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>,
C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>,
-C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_sched_yield>, C<d_scm_rights>,
-C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>, C<d_semctl>,
-C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>, C<d_semop>,
-C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>, C<d_setgrent_r>,
-C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>, C<d_setitimer>,
-C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>, C<d_setnent>,
-C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>, C<d_setpgrp>,
-C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>, C<d_setpwent>,
-C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>, C<d_setresuid>,
-C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>, C<d_setservent_r>,
-C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>, C<d_shmat>,
-C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>, C<d_sigaction>,
-C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>, C<d_sockatmarkproto>,
-C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>, C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>,
-C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>, C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>,
-C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>, C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>,
-C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>,
-C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>, C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>,
-C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>, C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>,
-C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>, C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
-C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
-C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
-C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
-C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
-C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
-C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
-C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
-C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
-C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
+C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>,
+C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
+C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
+C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>,
+C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>,
+C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>,
+C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
+C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>,
+C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>,
+C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>,
+C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>,
+C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>,
+C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>,
+C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>,
+C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
+C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
+C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
+C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
+C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
+C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
+C<d_strftime>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>, C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>,
+C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>, C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>,
+C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>, C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>,
+C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>, C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>,
+C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>, C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>,
+C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>, C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>,
+C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>, C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>,
+C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>, C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>,
+C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>, C<d_vendorbin>,
+C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>, C<d_vfork>, C<d_void_closedir>,
C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>, C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>,
C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>, C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>,
C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>, C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>,
=item g
-C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>, C<getgrgid_r_proto>,
-C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>, C<gethostbyname_r_proto>,
-C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>, C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>,
-C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>, C<getprotobyname_r_proto>,
-C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>, C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>,
-C<getpwnam_r_proto>, C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>,
-C<getservbyport_r_proto>, C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>,
-C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>, C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>,
-C<gmtime_r_proto>, C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>,
-C<gzip>
+C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
+C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
+C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
+C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
+C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
+C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
+C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
+C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
+C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
+C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
=item h
-C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>
+C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
+C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
=item i
C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
-C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installman1dir>,
-C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>, C<installprefixexp>,
-C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>, C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>,
-C<installsitelib>, C<installstyle>, C<installusrbinperl>,
-C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>, C<installvendorlib>, C<intsize>,
-C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
+C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>,
+C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>,
+C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
+C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitehtml1dir>,
+C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>, C<installsiteman1dir>,
+C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>, C<installstyle>,
+C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
+C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>, C<installvendorlib>,
+C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>, C<installvendorscript>,
+C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
=item k
=item M
-C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>, C<more>,
-C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>, C<myuname>
+C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
+C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
+C<myuname>
=item n
C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
-C<pm_apiversion>, C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>,
-C<privlibexp>, C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
+C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>,
+C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
=item q
C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
-C<sitebinexp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>, C<siteprefix>,
-C<siteprefixexp>, C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>,
-C<sockethdr>, C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>,
-C<spitshell>, C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>,
-C<sPRIFUldbl>, C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>,
-C<sPRIu64>, C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>,
-C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>, C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>,
-C<startsh>, C<static_ext>, C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>,
-C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>, C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>,
-C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>, C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
+C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
+C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
+C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
+C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
+C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
+C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
+C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
+C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
+C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
+C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
+C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
+C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
+C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
=item t
C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
-C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<useithreads>,
-C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>,
-C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>, C<useposix>,
-C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>,
-C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>,
-C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>, C<uvXUformat>
+C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
+C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemorebits>,
+C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>, C<useperlio>,
+C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>, C<usesocks>,
+C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>, C<uuname>,
+C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>,
+C<uvXUformat>
=item v
C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
-C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>, C<vendorprefix>,
-C<vendorprefixexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
+C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
+C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
+C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
+C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
+C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
=item x
-C<xlibpth>, C<xs_apiversion>
+C<xlibpth>
=item y
=item getcwd and friends
-getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd
+getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
=item abs_path and friends
=item NOTES
+=item AUTHOR
+
=item SEE ALSO
=back
=back
+=head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item What is a DBM Filter?
+
+=over 4
+
+=item So what's new?
+
+=back
+
+=item METHODS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item $db->Filter_Push()
+
+=item $db->Filter_Key_Push()
+
+=item $db->Filter_Value_Push()
+
+Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
+
+=item $db->Filter_Pop()
+
+=item $db->Filtered()
+
+=back
+
+=item Writing a Filter
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Immediate Filters
+
+=item Canned Filters
+
+"name", params
+
+=back
+
+=item Filters Included
+
+utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
+
+=item NOTES
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Maintain Round Trip Integrity
+
+=item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
+
+=back
+
+=item EXAMPLE
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
=head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
=over 4
=item Configuration Variables or Methods
-$Data::Dumper::Indent I<or> I<$OBJ>->Indent(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Purity I<or> I<$OBJ>->Purity(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Pad I<or> I<$OBJ>->Pad(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Varname I<or> I<$OBJ>->Varname(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Useqq I<or> I<$OBJ>->Useqq(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Terse I<or> I<$OBJ>->Terse(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Freezer I<or> $I<OBJ>->Freezer(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Toaster I<or> $I<OBJ>->Toaster(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Deepcopy I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deepcopy(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Quotekeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Quotekeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Bless I<or> $I<OBJ>->Bless(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Maxdepth I<or> $I<OBJ>->Maxdepth(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Useperl I<or> $I<OBJ>->Useperl(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Sortkeys I<or> $I<OBJ>->Sortkeys(I<[NEWVAL]>),
-$Data::Dumper::Deparse I<or> $I<OBJ>->Deparse(I<[NEWVAL]>)
-
=item Exports
Dumper
=item BUGS
+=over 4
+
+=item NOTE
+
+=back
+
=item AUTHOR
=item VERSION
=back
-=head2 Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability
+=head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
=over 4
=back
-=head2 Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests
+=head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
=over 4
=item OO INTERFACE
$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
-Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...),
-$ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
+Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
+$ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits(
+$data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest,
+$ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
+
+=item Digest speed
=item SEE ALSO
=item METHODS
-$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...),
-$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
+$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
+$md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits),
+$md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
=item EXAMPLES
=back
+=head2 Digest::base - Digest base class
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNPOSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
=head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
-@dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(),
-dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(),
-dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(),
-bootstrap()
+@dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(),
+dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(),
+dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(),
+dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()
=item AUTHOR
=item DESCRIPTION
+=over 4
+
+=item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
+
+=item Backward compatible boilerplate
+
+=back
+
+=item Order of initialization: early load()
+
+=over 4
+
+=item The most hairy case
+
+=back
+
+=item LIMITATIONS
+
=item AUTHOR
=back
=back
-=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
+=head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
=head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
=item Methods you should implement
--E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check])
+-E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
+-E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
--E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
+-E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
=item Example: Encode::ROT13
=item How does it work?
-=item BUGS
+=item Line Buffering
=over 4
-=item Workaround
-
=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
=back
=back
+=head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item ABSTRACT
+
+=item In Practice
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
encodings
=back
-=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
+=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
=item Methods you should implement
--E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check])
+-E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
+-E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
=item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
--E<gt>name, -E<gt>new_sequence, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
+-E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>perlio_ok(), -E<gt>needs_lines()
=item Example: Encode::ROT13
=item How does it work?
-=item BUGS
+=item Line Buffering
=over 4
-=item Workaround
-
=item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
=back
=back
-=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
+=head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
+encoding
=over 4
=item SYNOPSIS
- use Encode::Encoder;
- # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data);
- Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
- # shortcut
- use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
- encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
- # you can stack them!
- encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined
- # you can use it as a decoder as well
- encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
- # stringified
- print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1
- # numified
- encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)
+=item ABSTRACT
+
+=item In Practice
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
=item ABSTRACT
=item ABSTRACT
+=over 4
+
+=item Literal Conversions
+
+=item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
+
+=item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
+
+=back
+
+=item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
+
+"NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
+
=item USAGE
use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
-I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, no encoding;
+I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
+
+=item The Filter Option
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
+
+=back
=item CAVEATS
=item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
-=back
+=item tr/// with ranges
-=item Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option
+Legend of characters above
-use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;
+=back
=item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
=item KNOWN PROBLEMS
+literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
+
+=item HISTORY
+
=item SEE ALSO
=back
=item SYNOPSIS
- use Encode::Encoder;
- # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data);
- Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
- # shortcut
- use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
- encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
- # you can stack them!
- encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64; # provided base64() is defined
- # you can use it as a decoder as well
- encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
- # stringified
- print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1; # prints the string in latin1
- # numified
- encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)
-
=item ABSTRACT
=item Description
=item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
+=item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
+
=item Module Version Checking
=item Managing Unknown Symbols
test_f file
+dos2unix
+
=over 4
=item BUGS
=back
+B<pod2man>
+
+B<warn_if_old_packlist>
+
+B<perllocal_install>
+
+B<uninstall>
+
=head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=over 4
+
+=item Functions
+
+B<install>
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
+
+B<uninstall>
+
+B<pm_to_blib>
+
+_autosplit
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ENVIRONMENT
+
+B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item LICENSE
+
=back
=head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
=back
-=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods
+=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
=over 4
=item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
+installvars
+
+=back
+
+os_flavor_is
+
+blibdirs_target (o)
+
=over 4
-=item File::Spec wrappers B<DEPRECATED>
+=item File::Spec wrappers
-canonpath
+catfile
=back
+=over 4
+
+=item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
+
+B<split_command>
+
=back
-catdir
+B<echo>
-catfile
+init_VERSION
-curdir
+wraplist
-file_name_is_absolute
+manifypods
-path
+manifypods_target
-rootdir
+makemakerdflt_target
-updir
+special_targets
+
+POD2MAN_macro
+
+test_via_harness
+
+test_via_script
+
+libscan
+
+tool_autosplit
+
+all_target
+
+metafile_target
+
+signature_target
+
+metafile_addtomanifest_target
+
+signature_addtomanifest_target
=over 4
-=item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
+=item Abstract methods
-test_via_harness
+oneliner, B<quote_literal>, B<escape_newlines>, max_exec_len,
+B<init_others>, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform,
+platform_constants
=back
-test_via_script
+os_flavor
=over 4
=back
-perl_archive
+os_flavor (o)
+
+init_linker
=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
=item DESCRIPTION
-canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive
+os_flavor (o)
=back
+cflags (o)
+
+replace_manpage_separator (o)
+
+init_linker
+
=head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
=over 4
=item Overridden methods
-B<replace_manpage_separator>
+os_flavor
=back
=back
+B<replace_manpage_separator>
+
=over 4
=item AUTHOR
init_others
+init_platform, platform_constants
+
init_dirscan
-libscan (o)
+init_VERSION (o)
-constants (o)
+special_targets (o)
static (o)
clean (o)
+clean_subdirs_target
+
realclean (o)
+realclean_subdirs_target
+
rulez (o)
processPL (o)
+os_flavor
+
=head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
=back
-constants (o)
+os_flavor
+
+init_platform (o), platform_constants
+
+const_cccmd (o)
static_lib (o)
=item METHODS
+init_dist (o)
+
=back
-perl_archive_after
+init_linker
+
+os_flavor
=head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
=item Overridden methods
-B<replace_manpage_separator>
+os_flavor
=back
=back
+B<replace_manpage_separator>
+
=over 4
=item AUTHOR
=over 4
-=item SelfLoaded methods
+=item Methods
-c_o (o)
+os_flavor (o)
=back
+c_o (o)
+
cflags (o)
clean (o)
+clean_subdirs_target
+
const_cccmd (o)
const_config (o)
depend (o)
-dir_target (o)
+dir_target B<DEPRECATED>
+
+init_DEST
+
+init_dist
dist (o)
dist_core (o)
-dist_dir
+B<dist_target>
+
+B<tardist_target>
+
+B<zipdist_target>
+
+B<tarfile_target>
+
+zipfile_target
+
+uutardist_target
+
+shdist_target
+
+distdir
dist_test
init_dirscan
+init_DIRFILESEP
+
init_main
init_others
init_INSTALL
+init_linker
+
init_lib2arch
init_PERL
+init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
+
init_PERM
+init_xs
+
install (o)
installbin (o)
-libscan (o)
-
linkext (o)
lsdir
makefile (o)
-manifypods (o)
-
maybe_command
-maybe_command_in_dirs
-
needs_linking (o)
nicetext
realclean (o)
+realclean_subdirs_target
+
replace_manpage_separator
+oneliner (o)
+
+quote_literal
+
+escape_newlines
+
+max_exec_len
+
static (o)
static_lib (o)
test_via_script (override)
-tool_autosplit (o)
-
tools_other (o)
tool_xsubpp (o)
+all_target
+
top_targets (o)
writedoc
xs_o (o)
-perl_archive
-
-perl_archive_after
-
-export_list
-
=over 4
=item SEE ALSO
maybe_command (override)
-maybe_command_in_dirs (override)
-
perl_script (override)
replace_manpage_separator
+init_DEST
+
+init_DIRFILESEP
+
init_main (override)
init_others (override)
+init_platform (override)
+
+platform_constants
+
+init_VERSION (override)
+
constants (override)
+special_targets
+
cflags (override)
const_cccmd (override)
-pm_to_blib (override)
-
-tool_autosplit (override)
-
tool_sxubpp (override)
-xsubpp_version (override)
-
tools_other (override)
-dist (override)
+init_dist (override)
c_o (override)
xs_o (override)
-top_targets (override)
-
dlsyms (override)
dynamic_lib (override)
static_lib (override)
-manifypods (override)
-
processPL (override)
installbin (override)
clean (override)
+clean_subdirs_target
+
realclean (override)
-dist_core (override)
+zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o)
dist_test (override)
prefixify (override)
+oneliner (o)
+
+B<echo> (o)
+
+quote_literal
+
+escape_newlines
+
+max_exec_len
+
+init_linker (o)
+
+eliminate_macros
+
+fixpath
+
+os_flavor
+
+blibdirs_target (override)
+
=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
ExtUtils::MakeMaker
=back
-constants (o)
+=over 4
-static_lib (o)
+=item Overridden methods
-dynamic_bs (o)
+B<dlsyms>
-dynamic_lib (o)
+=back
-perl_script
+replace_manpage_separator
-pm_to_blib
+B<maybe_command>
-tool_autosplit (override)
+B<find_tests>
-tools_other (o)
+B<init_DIRFILESEP>
-xs_o (o)
+B<init_others>
-top_targets (o)
+init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
-manifypods (o)
+special_targets (o)
-dist_ci (o)
+static_lib (o)
-dist_core (o)
+dynamic_lib (o)
+
+clean
+
+init_linker
+
+perl_script
+
+xs_o (o)
pasthru (o)
+oneliner (o)
+
+max_exec_len
+
+os_flavor
+
=head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=over 4
+
+=item Overriden methods
+
+dist_test
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+subdir_x
+
+xs_c
+
+xs_cpp
+
+xs_o
+
+clean_subdirs_target
+
+realclean_subdirs_target
+
+max_exec_len
+
+os_flavor
+
+=over 4
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
=back
=head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
=back
-=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
+=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
=over 4
=item Using Attributes and Parameters
ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
-CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT,
-EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST,
-FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN,
-INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT,
-INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR,
-INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB,
-INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN,
-INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB,
-LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS,
-MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT,
+CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
+EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
+FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
+INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
+INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
+INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH,
+INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR,
+INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
+INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS,
+LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
+MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT,
OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB,
-PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX,
-PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
+PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW,
+PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT,
-PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION,
-VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
+PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST,
+VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
=item Additional lowercase attributes
-clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test,
-tool_autosplit
+clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
+test, tool_autosplit
=item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
+=item Module Meta-Data
+
=item Disabling an extension
+=item Other Handy Functions
+
+prompt
+
=back
=item ENVIRONMENT
=item AUTHORS
+=item LICENSE
+
+=back
+
+=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
+MakeMaker
+
+=over 4
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Module Installation
+
+How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without
+installing it?
+
+=item Philosophy and History
+
+Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is
+Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
+shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
+
+=item Module Writing
+
+How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
+this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!
+
+=item XS
+
+How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
+Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
+directory?
+
+=back
+
+=item PATCHING
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=over 4
+
+=item The Mantra
+
+=item The Layout
+
+Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
+bin/
+
+=back
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=back
+
+=head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
=back
=head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
=item DESCRIPTION
+=over 4
+
+=item Functions
+
+mkmanifest
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+manifind
+
+manicheck
+
+filecheck
+
+fullcheck
+
+skipcheck
+
+maniread
+
+manicopy
+
+maniadd
+
+=over 4
+
+=item MANIFEST
+
=item MANIFEST.SKIP
=item EXPORT_OK
=item GLOBAL VARIABLES
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
=item DIAGNOSTICS
C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
=item NOTES
+=item BUGS AND CAVEATS
+
=item HISTORY
=back
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
+
=item AUTHORS
=back
=back
+canonpath
+
+file_name_is_absolute
+
+tmpdir (override)
+
=head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-canonpath()
+=item AUTHORS
=back
+canonpath()
+
=over 4
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-canonpath
-
-splitpath
-
-splitdir
-
-catpath
-
=head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+tmpdir, splitpath
+
=back
=head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
=over 4
+=item OO INTERFACE
+
+B<new>
+
+=back
+
+B<filename>
+
+B<DESTROY>
+
+=over 4
+
=item FUNCTIONS
B<tempfile>
=back
+B<cmpstat>
+
+B<unlink1>
+
=over 4
=item PACKAGE VARIABLES
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item BUGS
+
=item NOTE
=item AUTHOR
default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
(default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
-(default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
+(default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
+(default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
+=item Exportable Methods
+
+VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
+
=item Return values and Errors
=item Legacy
=over 4
-=item Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option
-
=item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
supplied
=item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
+=item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
+
=item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
=back
=back
-=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch
-clustering
+=head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches
+with switch clustering
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item C<--help> and C<--version>
+
=back
=head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
+B<hash_seed>
+
=over 4
+=item CAVEATS
+
=item AUTHOR
=item SEE ALSO
the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
+the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function
+implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )
+
=over 4
=item ABOUT LOWERCASING
=back
+=head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item FUNCTIONS
+
+=item ENVIRONMENT
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
=head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
=over 4
=item LIST OF LANGUAGES
-{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} :
-Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)],
-{aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} :
-Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} :
-Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} :
-Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} :
-Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages],
-[{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} :
-Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani,
-{ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} :
-Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu
-(Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak
-(Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} :
-Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} :
-Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} :
-Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} :
-Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan,
-[{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)],
-[{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} :
-Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy}
-: Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} :
-Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic,
-{chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} :
-Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and
-pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)],
-[{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles
-and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} :
-Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default
-(Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi}
-: Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} :
-Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha,
-{efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite,
-{en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
-(ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} :
-Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} :
-Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm}
-: Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} :
-Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic,
-{gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez,
-{ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500),
-{goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} :
-Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} :
-Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} :
-Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
+{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
+Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
+Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
+{ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
+{am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
+{arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
+: Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
+Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
+Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
+: Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
+Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
+: Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
+Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
+Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
+(Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
+{bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
+Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
+Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
+(Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
+American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
+{ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
+: Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
+Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
+Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
+{mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
+: French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
+Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
+Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
+Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
+Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
+{dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
+{dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
+: Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
+English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
+(ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
+Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
+: Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
+Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
+(ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
+Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
+{lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
+{de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
+German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
+: Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
+Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
+Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
{he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
-{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo,
-{ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)],
-{id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language
-Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira}
-: Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} :
-Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} :
-Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian,
-{kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
-Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} :
-Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi}
-: Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu,
-{rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi,
-{kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} :
-Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru}
-: Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba,
-{lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} :
-Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} :
-Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} :
-Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian,
-{mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} :
-Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu,
-{mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo
-languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} :
-Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men}
-: Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} :
-Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} :
-Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul}
-: Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} :
-Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} :
-Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
+{hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
+{ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
+(Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
+(International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
+Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
+Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
+languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
+Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
+{kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
+Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
+: Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
+{kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
+{ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
+{i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
+Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
+{kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
+Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
+Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
+Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
+(Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
+: Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
+{mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
+{mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
+Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
+Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
+Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
+[{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
+Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
+Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
+{lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
+languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
+{na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
+{ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
-{non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami,
-{no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub}
-: Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro,
-{nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya,
-{om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
+{nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
+Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
+Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
+: Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
+Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
[{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
-languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)],
-{sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} :
-Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup,
-[{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan,
-{sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika,
-{sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} :
-Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)],
-{sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} :
-Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern
-Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es}
-: Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} :
-Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} :
-Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} :
-Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te}
-: Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig}
-: Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit,
-{tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga
-(Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} :
-Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish
-(1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi,
-{uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} :
-Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} :
-Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages],
-{wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof,
-{x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut,
-{yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik
-languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} :
-Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni
+languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
+Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
+[{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
+Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
+{sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
+{srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
+Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
+Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
+(Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
+{sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
+Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
+South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
+Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
+{sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
+Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
+{tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
+Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
+Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
+{tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
+{ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
+Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
+: Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
+Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
+{umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
+Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
+: Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
+: Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
+Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
+Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
+: Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
+{zun} : Zuni
=item SEE ALSO
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item DEPRECATED
+
=back
=head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
=item DESCRIPTION
new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
-rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
+rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
=item SEE ALSO
=item METHODS
-open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
+open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
=item SEE ALSO
add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
-count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
+count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
=item EXAMPLE
=item DESCRIPTION
new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
-rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
+rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
=item SEE ALSO
=item METHODS
-open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )
+open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS )
=item SEE ALSO
add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
[ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
-count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )
+count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
=item EXAMPLE
=item DESCRIPTION
-blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype
-EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
+blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
+looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
+set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
=item KNOWN BUGS
Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
-http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-f.html
+http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
=item AUTHOR
=back
-=head2 Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization
+=head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)
+encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
=item DIAGNOSTICS
=item COPYRIGHT
+=item SEE ALSO
+
=back
=head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
=item DESCRIPTION
-encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
+encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
=item COPYRIGHT
+=item SEE ALSO
+
=back
=head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
=item DESCRIPTION
-encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);
+encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), decode_qp($str);
=item COPYRIGHT
+=item SEE ALSO
+
=back
=head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
=item BUGS
-=item CAVEAT
+=item CAVEATS
stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
+=item SEE ALSO
+
=item LICENSE
=item AUTHORS
=item DESCRIPTION
-Canonical notation, Input, Output
+Input, Output
=item METHODS
=item accuracy
+=item precision
+
=item brsft
=item new
=item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
-=item is_positive()/is_negative()
+=item is_pos()/is_neg()
- $x->is_positive(); # true if >= 0
- $x->is_negative(); # true if < 0
+ $x->is_pos(); # true if >= 0
+ $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0
=item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
=item sign
-=item bcmp
+=item digit
=item bneg
=item copy
-=item as_number
+=item as_int
=item bsstr
=item BUGS
-Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0
+broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior
+5.6.0
=item CAVEATS
-stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity
-handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
-types, bsqrt(), brsft()
+bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling,
+Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types,
+bsqrt(), brsft()
=item LICENSE
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item EXPORT
+=item STORAGE
+
+=item METHODS
=item WRAP YOUR OWN
=back
-=head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationals
+=head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item METHODS
+
+=item LICENSE
+
+This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
+under
+the same terms as Perl itself.
+
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rational numbers
=over 4
=item bround()/round()/bfround()
+=item bmod()
+
+=item is_one()
+
+=item is_zero()
+
+=item is_positive()
+
+=item is_negative()
+
+=item is_int()
+
+=item is_odd()
+
+=item is_even()
+
+=item bceil()
+
+=item bfloor()
+
+ $x->bfloor();
+
+=item bsqrt()
+
+ $x->bsqrt();
+
+=item config
+
=back
=item BUGS
+inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
+except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(),
+blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)
+
=item LICENSE
=item SEE ALSO
=back
-=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch
+=head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
+redispatch
=over 4
=item Avoiding repetitions
+=item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
+
+=item Using C<EVERY> methods
+
=back
=item AUTHOR
debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
-ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
+ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
=item EXPORTS
=item CONSTRUCTOR
-new (HOST [,OPTIONS])
+new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
=item METHODS
login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
-site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS])
-ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
-), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ),
-mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get (
-REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ]
-), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [,
-REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported (
-CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR
-] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe (
-FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [,
-DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
-pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()
+site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
+), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [,
+RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls (
+[ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ),
+put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE
+] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ),
+size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
+BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ),
+stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (),
+pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique (
+SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ),
+abort (), quit ()
=over 4
=item UNIMPLEMENTED
-B<ALLO>, B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
+B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
=item REPORTING BUGS
=item USE EXAMPLES
-http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz
+http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/
=item CREDITS
=item DESCRIPTION
-=item EXAMPLES
-
=item CONSTRUCTOR
-new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )
+new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0
=item METHODS
-user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [,
-PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM
-[, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [
-MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
+auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER
+[, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities
+(), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ]
+), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ]
+), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
=item NOTES
=item Functions
-Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->source_verify( {
-0 | 1 } );, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->ping($host
-[, $timeout]);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [,
-$timeout]);
+Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
+]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
+$p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
+$p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
+[ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
+[, $timeout]);
=back
-=item WARNING
-
=item NOTES
+=item INSTALL
+
+=item BUGS
+
=item AUTHORS
=item COPYRIGHT
=item CONSTRUCTOR
-new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]
+new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )
=item METHODS
-banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME,
-PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail (
-ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [,
-ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc (
-ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [
-DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ),
-quit ()
+banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth (
+USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ),
+send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient (
+ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]]
+), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ),
+data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [
+$subject ] ), quit ()
=item ADDRESSES
execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
-fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
-getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid,
-getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty,
-iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper,
-isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10,
-longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy,
-memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open,
-opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts,
-qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
-rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid,
-setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
+fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
+geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
+getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
+isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
+isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
+log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
+memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
+offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
+putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
+rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
+setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
=item POSIX::SigAction
-new
+new, handler, mask, flags, safe
=item POSIX::SigSet
=item DESCRIPTION
-unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw
+:unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32
=over 4
+=item Custom Layers
+
+:encoding, :via
+
=item Alternatives to raw
=item Defaults and how to override them
+=item Querying the layers of filehandles
+
=back
=item AUTHOR
=back
-=head2 PerlIO::Scalar - support module for in-memory IO.
+=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=back
+
+=head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
+
=back
-=head2 PerlIO::Via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
+=head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item EXPECTED METHODS
+
$class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
-$class->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]),
-$class->FDOPEN($fd), $class->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,$fh),
-$obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh),
-$obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh),
-$obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh),
-$obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh),
-$obj->EOF($fh)
+$obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
+$obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
+$obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
+$obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
+$obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
+$obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
+$obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
+
+=item EXAMPLES
=over 4
=back
-=head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
+=head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item REQUIRED MODULES
+
=item SEE ALSO
+=item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
=back
=head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
-Verbatim paragraph in NAME section
+Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
+level
=item Hyperlinks
C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
+C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
+
C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
=item ARGUMENTS
-backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index,
-infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse,
-title, verbose
+backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir,
+htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot,
+quiet, recurse, title, verbose
=item EXAMPLE
=back
-=head2 Pod::ParseLink -- Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
+=head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item SEE ALSO
+
=item AUTHOR
=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
=over 4
-=item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
+=item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<_push_input_stream()>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<_pop_input_stream()>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item TREE-BASED PARSING
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item CAVEAT
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item CAVEAT
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item CAVEAT
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
+
+=over 4
+
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
+=item DESCRIPTION
+
+=item SEE ALSO
+
+=item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
+
+=item AUTHOR
=back
+=head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
+
=over 4
-=item B<_push_input_stream()>
+=item SYNOPSIS
-=back
+=item DESCRIPTION
-=over 4
+alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
-=item B<_pop_input_stream()>
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
-=back
+Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
+Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
-=over 4
+=item RESTRICTIONS
-=item TREE-BASED PARSING
+=item NOTES
=item SEE ALSO
=item DESCRIPTION
-alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width
+alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
=item DIAGNOSTICS
=back
-=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to ASCII
-text with format escapes
+=head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
+escapes
=over 4
=back
-=head2 Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in
-translators.
-
-=over 4
-
-=item HEADINGS
-
-=item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
-
-=over 4
-
-=item ``Level'' "2 I<heading>
-
-=back
-
-=item This C<is> a "level 1" heading
-
-=over 4
-
-=item ``Level'' 2 I<heading>
-
-=back
-
-=item LINKS
-
-=item OVER AND ITEMS
-
-This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", B<bar>, C<baz>, Some longer item
-text
-
-=item FORMATTING CODES
-
-E<amp>, E<apos>, E<lt>, E<gt>, E<quot>, E<sol>
-
-=item VERBATIM
-
-=item CONCLUSION
-
-=back
-
-=head2 Pod::t::htmlescp, Escape Sequences Test
-
-=over 4
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=back
-
-=head2 Pod::t::htmlview, Test HTML Rendering
-
-=over 4
-
-=item SYNOPSIS
-
-=item DESCRIPTION
-
-=item METHODS =E<gt> OTHER STUFF
-
-=over 4
-
-=item new()
-
-foo, bar, baz, C<Black> Cat, Sat S<I<on> the>, MatE<lt>!E<gt>, 1 Cat, 2
-Sat, 3 Mat
-
-=item old()
-
-=back
-
-=item TESTING FOR AND BEGIN
-
-=item TESTING URLs hyperlinking
-
-=item SEE ALSO
-
-=back
-
=head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
=over 4
=item DESCRIPTION
-blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype
-EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
+blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
+looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
+set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
=item KNOWN BUGS
=over 4
-=item OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX
+=item Caveats
+
+=item Escaping Magic Characters
+
+=item Configuration
=back
+=item BUGS
+
=item AUTHOR
=back
=item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
+=item CODE REFERENCES
+
=item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
=item BUGS
-=item LIMITATION
+=item LIMITATIONS
=item COPYRIGHT
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item BUGS
+
=back
=head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
=item AUTHORS
-=item LICENSE
+=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
=back
=back
-=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages. If
-no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
+=head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
+If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
=over 4
=item Minimal set of supported functions
-C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, $C<OUT>,
-C<MinLine>, C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
+C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
+C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
=item Additional supported functions
=item DESCRIPTION
+=item QUICK START GUIDE
+
=over 4
=item Functions
-B<plan>
+C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
+C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
=back
B<_to_value>
-B<ok>
+C<ok(...)>
+
+C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
=over 4
=item BUGS and CAVEATS
+=item ENVIRONMENT
+
=item NOTE
=item SEE ALSO
B<no_plan>
+B<has_plan>
+
B<skip_all>
=over 4
B<summary>
-B<details> I<UNIMPLEMENTED>, B<todo>
+B<details>
+
+B<todo>
B<caller>
=back
-=head2 Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics
+=head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
+
+=over 4
+
+=item VERSION
+
+=back
=over 4
=item Configuration variables.
-B<$Test::Harness::verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
+B<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
=item Failure
=item ENVIRONMENT
C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
-C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>, C<HARNESS_NOTTY>,
+C<HARNESS_DEBUG>, C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>,
+C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_OK_SLOW>, C<HARNESS_PERL>,
C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
=item EXAMPLE
=item AUTHORS
+=item LICENSE
+
=item TODO
=item BUGS
+=item AUTHORS
+
+=item COPYRIGHT
+
=back
=head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over 4
+=item FUNCTIONS
-=item Functions
+=over 4
-B<assert>
+=item C<assert()>
=back
=item DESCRIPTION
+=over 4
+
+=item new()
+
+=item next()
+
+=back
+
=back
=head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
=item DESCRIPTION
-=over 4
-
=item Construction
-B<new>
+=over 4
+
+=item C<new>
=back
=back
-B<_init>
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_init>
+
+=back
=over 4
=item Analysis
-B<analyze>
+=over 4
+
+=item C<analyze>
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<analyze_fh>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<analyze_file>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_command_line( $file )>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_command>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_switches>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_cleaned_switches>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_INC2PERL5LIB>
=back
-B<analyze_fh>
+=over 4
-B<analyze_file>
+=item C<_filtered_INC>
-B<_switches>
+=back
-B<_INC2PERL5LIB>
+=over 4
-B<_filtered_INC>
+=item C<_restore_PERL5LIB>
-B<_restore_PERL5LIB>
+=back
=over 4
=item Parsing
-B<_is_comment>
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_is_comment>
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_is_header>
+
+=back
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_is_test>
=back
-B<_is_header>
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_is_bail_out>
+
+=back
-B<_is_test>
+=over 4
-B<_is_bail_out>
+=item C<_reset_file_state>
-B<_reset_file_state>
+=back
=over 4
=item Results
-B<_detailize>
+=over 4
+
+=item C<_detailize>
+
+=back
=back
=item C<extract_bracketed>
+=item C<extract_variable>
+
+[0], [1], [2]
+
=item C<extract_tagged>
C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
=back
-=head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues (for old code only)
+=head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
=over 4
-=item CAVEAT
-
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=back
-=head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores (for old code only)
+=head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
=over 4
-=item CAVEAT
-
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=back
=head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
+(for old code)
=over 4
+=item CAVEAT
+
=item SYNOPSIS
=item DESCRIPTION
=item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
+=item C<offset>
+
=back
=item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
=back
+=item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
+
=item CAVEATS
=item SUBCLASSING
=item DESCRIPTION
TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
-this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this
+this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR
+this, SCALAR this
=item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
=item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
-=item C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
+=item C<SCALAR>, C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
=item MORE INFORMATION
gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
$interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
-alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer,
-getitimer ( $which )
+alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer (
+$which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer (
+$which )
=item EXAMPLES
=item C API
+=item DIAGNOSTICS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item negative time not invented yet
+
+=item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
+
+=back
+
=item CAVEATS
=item AUTHORS
-=item REVISION
-
-=item COPYRIGHT
+=item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
=back
=item DESCRIPTION
+=over 4
+
+=item Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
+
+=item Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
+
+=item Negative Epoch Values
+
+=back
+
=item IMPLEMENTATION
=item BUGS
+=item SUPPORT
+
+=item AUTHOR
+
=back
=head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
=item DESCRIPTION
-$obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD
-), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )
+C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<isa( VAL, TYPE )>,
+C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<<
+CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<can( VAL, METHOD )>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
+
+=item EXPORTS
=back
=item Constructor and Tailoring
-alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization,
-overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName,
-undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower
+UCA_Version, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreName, ignoreChar,
+level, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange,
+table, undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower,
+variable, alternate
=item Methods for Collation
$b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
$Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
-$Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>, C<$position =
-$Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>, C<($position, $length) =
-$Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring)>
+$Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
+
+=item Methods for Searching
+
+C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
+C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
+$position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
+C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
+$Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
+$Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
+$Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
=item Other Methods
-UCA_Version, Base_Unicode_Version
+C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version =
+$Collator-E<gt>version()>, C<UCA_Version()>, C<Base_Unicode_Version()>
=item EXPORT
-=item TODO
-
=item CAVEAT
-=item BUGS
+=item Conformance Test
=back
=item SEE ALSO
-http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/,
-http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt,
-http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
-http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr18, L<Unicode::Normalize>
+Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
+Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable
+Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15, L<Unicode::Normalize>
=back
C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
+C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>,
C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
=item Decomposition and Composition
C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
+checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result =
check($form_name, $string)>
=item Character Data
C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
-C<$is_non_startar_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
+C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
=item EXPORT
=item SEE ALSO
-http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/,
-http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt
+http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/,
+http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt,
+http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/
=back
=back
-=head2 Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions
+=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
=over 4
+=item SYNOPSIS
+
=item DESCRIPTION
=over 4
-=item Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions
+=item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
-Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(),
-Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(),
-Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE),
-Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(),
-Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME),
-Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME),
-Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(),
-Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE,
-PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown,
-Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME),
-Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID,
-SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE),
-Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(),
-Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW),
-Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR),
-Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID),
-Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)
+=item Backward compatible boilerplate
=back
-=back
-
-=head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
+=item Order of initialization: early load()
=over 4
-=item SYNOPSIS
+=item The most hairy case
-=item DESCRIPTION
+=back
+
+=item LIMITATIONS
=item AUTHOR
=item a2p
-=item s2p
+=item c2ph
-=item find2perl
+=item dprofpp
=item h2ph
-=item c2ph
-
=item h2xs
-=item xsubpp
+=item perlbug
+
+=item perldoc
+
+=item pl2pm
+
+=item pod2html
=item pod2man
-=item wrapsuid
+=item s2p
+
+=item splain
+
+=item xsubpp
=back