localeconv() takes no arguments, and returns B<a reference to> a hash.
The keys of this hash are variable names for formatting, such as
C<decimal_point> and C<thousands_sep>. The values are the
-corresponding, er, values. See L<POSIX (3)/localeconv> for a longer
+corresponding, er, values. See L<POSIX/localeconv> for a longer
example listing the categories an implementation might be expected to
provide; some provide more and others fewer. You don't need an
explicit C<use locale>, because localeconv() always observes the
if you "use locale".
A B C D E a b c d e
- A a B b C c D d D e
+ A a B b C c D d E e
a A b B c C d D e E
a b c d e A B C D E
characters are in the current locale, in that locale's order:
use locale;
- print +(sort grep /\w/, map { chr() } 0..255), "\n";
+ print +(sort grep /\w/, map { chr } 0..255), "\n";
Compare this with the characters that you see and their order if you
state explicitly that the locale should be ignored:
no locale;
- print +(sort grep /\w/, map { chr() } 0..255), "\n";
+ print +(sort grep /\w/, map { chr } 0..255), "\n";
This machine-native collation (which is what you get unless S<C<use
locale>> has appeared earlier in the same block) must be used for
These functions aren't aware of such niceties as thousands separation and
so on. (See L<The localeconv function> if you care about these things.)
-Output produced by print() is B<never> affected by the
-current locale: it is independent of whether C<use locale> or C<no
-locale> is in effect, and corresponds to what you'd get from printf()
-in the "C" locale. The same is true for Perl's internal conversions
-between numeric and string formats:
+Output produced by print() is also affected by the current locale: it
+depends on whether C<use locale> or C<no locale> is in effect, and
+corresponds to what you'd get from printf() in the "C" locale. The
+same is true for Perl's internal conversions between numeric and
+string formats:
use POSIX qw(strtod);
use locale;
$n = 5/2; # Assign numeric 2.5 to $n
- $a = " $n"; # Locale-independent conversion to string
+ $a = " $n"; # Locale-dependent conversion to string
- print "half five is $n\n"; # Locale-independent output
+ print "half five is $n\n"; # Locale-dependent output
printf "half five is %g\n", $n; # Locale-dependent output
=item *
-Some systems are broken in that they allow the "C" locale to be
-overridden by users. If the decimal point character in the
-C<LC_NUMERIC> category of the "C" locale is surreptitiously changed
-from a dot to a comma, C<sprintf("%g", 0.123456e3)> produces a
-string result of "123,456". Many people would interpret this as
-one hundred and twenty-three thousand, four hundred and fifty-six.
-
-=item *
-
A sneaky C<LC_COLLATE> locale could result in the names of students with
"D" grades appearing ahead of those with "A"s.
=over 4
-=item B<Comparison operators> (C<lt>, C<le>, C<ge>, C<gt> and C<cmp>):
+=item *
+
+B<Comparison operators> (C<lt>, C<le>, C<ge>, C<gt> and C<cmp>):
Scalar true/false (or less/equal/greater) result is never tainted.
-=item B<Case-mapping interpolation> (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>)
+=item *
+
+B<Case-mapping interpolation> (with C<\l>, C<\L>, C<\u> or C<\U>)
Result string containing interpolated material is tainted if
C<use locale> is in effect.
-=item B<Matching operator> (C<m//>):
+=item *
+
+B<Matching operator> (C<m//>):
Scalar true/false result never tainted.
C<use locale> is in effect and the regular expression contains C<\w>,
C<\W>, C<\s>, or C<\S>.
-=item B<Substitution operator> (C<s///>):
+=item *
+
+B<Substitution operator> (C<s///>):
Has the same behavior as the match operator. Also, the left
operand of C<=~> becomes tainted when C<use locale> in effect
expression match involving C<\w>, C<\W>, C<\s>, or C<\S>; or of
case-mapping with C<\l>, C<\L>,C<\u> or C<\U>.
-=item B<Output formatting functions> (printf() and write()):
+=item *
-Success/failure result is never tainted.
+B<Output formatting functions> (printf() and write()):
-=item B<Case-mapping functions> (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):
+Results are never tainted because otherwise even output from print,
+for example C<print(1/7)>, should be tainted if C<use locale> is in
+effect.
+
+=item *
+
+B<Case-mapping functions> (lc(), lcfirst(), uc(), ucfirst()):
Results are tainted if C<use locale> is in effect.
-=item B<POSIX locale-dependent functions> (localeconv(), strcoll(),
+=item *
+
+B<POSIX locale-dependent functions> (localeconv(), strcoll(),
strftime(), strxfrm()):
Results are never tainted.
-=item B<POSIX character class tests> (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(),
+=item *
+
+B<POSIX character class tests> (isalnum(), isalpha(), isdigit(),
isgraph(), islower(), isprint(), ispunct(), isspace(), isupper(),
isxdigit()):
=head1 SEE ALSO
-L<POSIX (3)/isalnum>, L<POSIX (3)/isalpha>, L<POSIX (3)/isdigit>,
-L<POSIX (3)/isgraph>, L<POSIX (3)/islower>, L<POSIX (3)/isprint>,
-L<POSIX (3)/ispunct>, L<POSIX (3)/isspace>, L<POSIX (3)/isupper>,
-L<POSIX (3)/isxdigit>, L<POSIX (3)/localeconv>, L<POSIX (3)/setlocale>,
-L<POSIX (3)/strcoll>, L<POSIX (3)/strftime>, L<POSIX (3)/strtod>,
-L<POSIX (3)/strxfrm>.
+L<POSIX/isalnum>, L<POSIX/isalpha>, L<POSIX/isdigit>,
+L<POSIX/isgraph>, L<POSIX/islower>, L<POSIX/isprint>,
+L<POSIX/ispunct>, L<POSIX/isspace>, L<POSIX/isupper>,
+L<POSIX/isxdigit>, L<POSIX/localeconv>, L<POSIX/setlocale>,
+L<POSIX/strcoll>, L<POSIX/strftime>, L<POSIX/strtod>,
+L<POSIX/strxfrm>.
=head1 HISTORY
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blobdiff