=head1 NAME
-perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.19 $, $Date: 2005/01/21 12:14:12 $)
+perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.26 $, $Date: 2005/11/21 17:43:13 $)
=head1 DESCRIPTION
to Perl, and has its own FAQs and tutorials, and usenet group,
comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi
-The original CGI specification is at: http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/
-
-Current best-practice RFC draft at: http://CGI-Spec.Golux.Com/
+The CGI specification is outlined in an informational RFC:
+http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3875
Other relevant documentation listed in: http://www.perl.org/CGI_MetaFAQ.html
=head2 How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
-
If you are writing a CGI script, you should be using the CGI.pm module
that comes with perl, or some other equivalent module. The CGI module
automatically decodes queries for you, and provides an escape()
function to handle encoding.
-
The best source of detailed information on URI encoding is RFC 2396.
Basically, the following substitutions do it:
s/([^\w()'*~!.-])/sprintf '%%%02x', ord $1/eg; # encode
- s/%([A-Fa-f\d]{2})/chr hex $1/eg; # decode
+ s/%([A-Fa-f\d]{2})/chr hex $1/eg; # decode
+ s/%([[:xdigit:]]{2})/chr hex $1/eg; # same thing
However, you should only apply them to individual URI components, not
the entire URI, otherwise you'll lose information and generally mess
consistent OO interface to these files, regardless of how they're
stored. Databases may be text, dbm, Berkeley DB or any database with
a DBI compatible driver. HTTPD::UserAdmin supports files used by the
-`Basic' and `Digest' authentication schemes. Here's an example:
+"Basic" and "Digest" authentication schemes. Here's an example:
use HTTPD::UserAdmin ();
HTTPD::UserAdmin
C<param()> function.
use CGI qw(:standard);
-
- my $total = param( "price" ) + param( "shipping" );
-
- my @items = param( "item ); # multiple values, same field name
-
+
+ my $total = param( 'price' ) + param( 'shipping' );
+
+ my @items = param( 'item' ); # multiple values, same field name
+
If you want an object-oriented approach, CGI.pm can do that too.
use CGI;
-
+
my $cgi = CGI->new();
-
- my $total = $cgi->param( "price" ) + $cgi->param( "shipping" );
-
- my @items = $cgi->param( "item" );
+
+ my $total = $cgi->param( 'price' ) + $cgi->param( 'shipping' );
+
+ my @items = $cgi->param( 'item' );
You might also try CGI::Minimal which is a lightweight version
of the same thing. Other CGI::* modules on CPAN might work better
(personal ID number). Record the address and PIN (best that it be a
random one) for later processing. In the mail you send, ask them to
include the PIN in their reply. But if it bounces, or the message is
-included via a ``vacation'' script, it'll be there anyway. So it's
+included via a "vacation" script, it'll be there anyway. So it's
best to ask them to mail back a slight alteration of the PIN, such as
with the characters reversed, one added or subtracted to each digit, etc.
$msg[$msgno] .= $_;
END { print @msg[ sort { $sub[$a] cmp $sub[$b] || $a <=> $b } (0 .. $#msg) ] }
-=head2 How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
+=head2 How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
+X<hostname, domainname, IP address, host, domain, hostfqdn, inet_ntoa,
+gethostbyname, Socket, Net::Domain, Sys::Hostname>
-The normal way to find your own hostname is to call the C<`hostname`>
-program. While sometimes expedient, this has some problems, such as
-not knowing whether you've got the canonical name or not. It's one of
-those tradeoffs of convenience versus portability.
+(contributed by brian d foy)
-The Sys::Hostname module (part of the standard perl distribution) will
-give you the hostname after which you can find out the IP address
-(assuming you have working DNS) with a gethostbyname() call.
+The Net::Domain module, which is part of the standard distribution starting
+in perl5.7.3, can get you the fully qualified domain name (FQDN), the host
+name, or the domain name.
- use Socket;
- use Sys::Hostname;
- my $host = hostname();
- my $addr = inet_ntoa(scalar gethostbyname($host || 'localhost'));
+ use Net::Domain qw(hostname hostfqdn hostdomain);
+
+ my $host = hostfqdn();
+
+The C<Sys::Hostname> module, included in the standard distribution since
+perl5.6, can also get the hostname.
+
+ use Sys::Hostname;
+
+ $host = hostname();
-Probably the simplest way to learn your DNS domain name is to grok
-it out of /etc/resolv.conf, at least under Unix. Of course, this
-assumes several things about your resolv.conf configuration, including
-that it exists.
+To get the IP address, you can use the C<gethostbyname> built-in function
+to turn the name into a number. To turn that number into the dotted octet
+form (a.b.c.d) that most people expect, use the C<inet_ntoa> function
+from the <Socket> module, which also comes with perl.
-(We still need a good DNS domain name-learning method for non-Unix
-systems.)
+ use Socket;
+
+ my $address = inet_ntoa(
+ scalar gethostbyname( $host || 'localhost' )
+ );
=head2 How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
=head2 How can I do RPC in Perl?
-A DCE::RPC module is being developed (but is not yet available) and
-will be released as part of the DCE-Perl package (available from
-CPAN). The rpcgen suite, available from CPAN/authors/id/JAKE/, is
-an RPC stub generator and includes an RPC::ONC module.
+(Contributed by brian d foy)
+
+Use one of the RPC modules you can find on CPAN (
+http://search.cpan.org/search?query=RPC&mode=all ).
=head1 AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blobdiff