sortsv(AvARRAY(av), av_len(av)+1, Perl_sv_cmp_locale);
-See lib/sort.pm for details about controlling the sorting algorithm.
+Currently this always uses mergesort. See sortsv_flags for a more
+flexible routine.
void sortsv(SV** array, size_t num_elts, SVCOMPARE_t cmp)
=for hackers
Found in file pp_sort.c
+=item sortsv_flags
+X<sortsv_flags>
+
+Sort an array, with various options.
+
+ void sortsv_flags(SV** array, size_t num_elts, SVCOMPARE_t cmp, U32 flags)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file pp_sort.c
+
=back
"Superseded" by sv_nosharing().
- void sv_nolocking(SV *)
+ void sv_nolocking(SV *sv)
=for hackers
Found in file mathoms.c
"Superseded" by sv_nosharing().
- void sv_nounlocking(SV *)
+ void sv_nounlocking(SV *sv)
=for hackers
Found in file mathoms.c
=for hackers
Found in file mathoms.c
-=item utf8n_to_uvchr
-X<utf8n_to_uvchr>
-
-flags
-
-Returns the native character value of the first character in the string
-C<s>
-which is assumed to be in UTF-8 encoding; C<retlen> will be set to the
-length, in bytes, of that character.
-
-Allows length and flags to be passed to low level routine.
-
- UV utf8n_to_uvchr(const U8 *s, STRLEN curlen, STRLEN *retlen, U32 flags)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file mathoms.c
-
-=item uvchr_to_utf8
-X<uvchr_to_utf8>
-
-Adds the UTF-8 representation of the Native codepoint C<uv> to the end
-of the string C<d>; C<d> should be have at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES+1> free
-bytes available. The return value is the pointer to the byte after the
-end of the new character. In other words,
-
- d = uvchr_to_utf8(d, uv);
-
-is the recommended wide native character-aware way of saying
-
- *(d++) = uv;
-
- U8* uvchr_to_utf8(U8 *d, UV uv)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file mathoms.c
-
=back
=for hackers
Found in file gv.h
+=item gv_const_sv
+X<gv_const_sv>
+
+If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
+inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
+a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
+NULL.
+
+ SV* gv_const_sv(GV* gv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file gv.c
+
=item gv_fetchmeth
X<gv_fetchmeth>
=item HeSVKEY
X<HeSVKEY>
-Returns the key as an C<SV*>, or C<Nullsv> if the hash entry does not
+Returns the key as an C<SV*>, or C<NULL> if the hash entry does not
contain an C<SV*> key.
SV* HeSVKEY(HE* he)
In 5.9.3, Newx() and friends replace the older New() API, and drops
the first parameter, I<x>, a debug aid which allowed callers to identify
-themselves. This aid has been superceded by a new build option,
+themselves. This aid has been superseded by a new build option,
PERL_MEM_LOG (see L<perlhack/PERL_MEM_LOG>). The older API is still
there for use in XS modules supporting older perls.
X<fbm_instr>
Returns the location of the SV in the string delimited by C<str> and
-C<strend>. It returns C<Nullch> if the string can't be found. The C<sv>
+C<strend>. It returns C<NULL> if the string can't be found. The C<sv>
does not have to be fbm_compiled, but the search will not be as fast
then.
Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it could
potentially warn under some level of strict-ness.
- void sv_nosharing(SV *)
+ void sv_nosharing(SV *sv)
=for hackers
Found in file util.c
=back
+=head1 Multicall Functions
+
+=over 8
+
+=item dMULTICALL
+X<dMULTICALL>
+
+Declare local variables for a multicall. See L<perlcall/Lightweight Callbacks>.
+
+ dMULTICALL;
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file cop.h
+
+=item MULTICALL
+X<MULTICALL>
+
+Make a lightweight callback. See L<perlcall/Lightweight Callbacks>.
+
+ MULTICALL;
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file cop.h
+
+=item POP_MULTICALL
+X<POP_MULTICALL>
+
+Closing bracket for a lightweight callback.
+See L<perlcall/Lightweight Callbacks>.
+
+ POP_MULTICALL;
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file cop.h
+
+=item PUSH_MULTICALL
+X<PUSH_MULTICALL>
+
+Opening bracket for a lightweight callback.
+See L<perlcall/Lightweight Callbacks>.
+
+ PUSH_MULTICALL;
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file cop.h
+
+
+=back
+
=head1 Numeric functions
=over 8
=for hackers
Found in file perl.c
-=item looks_like_number
-X<looks_like_number>
-
-Test if the content of an SV looks like a number (or is a number).
-C<Inf> and C<Infinity> are treated as numbers (so will not issue a
-non-numeric warning), even if your atof() doesn't grok them.
-
- I32 looks_like_number(SV* sv)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
=item newRV_inc
X<newRV_inc>
=for hackers
Found in file sv.h
-=item newRV_noinc
-X<newRV_noinc>
-
-Creates an RV wrapper for an SV. The reference count for the original
-SV is B<not> incremented.
-
- SV* newRV_noinc(SV *sv)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item NEWSV
-X<NEWSV>
-
-Creates a new SV. A non-zero C<len> parameter indicates the number of
-bytes of preallocated string space the SV should have. An extra byte for a
-tailing NUL is also reserved. (SvPOK is not set for the SV even if string
-space is allocated.) The reference count for the new SV is set to 1.
-C<id> is an integer id between 0 and 1299 (used to identify leaks).
-
- SV* NEWSV(int id, STRLEN len)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file handy.h
-
-=item newSV
-X<newSV>
-
-Create a new null SV, or if len > 0, create a new empty SVt_PV type SV
-with an initial PV allocation of len+1. Normally accessed via the C<NEWSV>
-macro.
-
- SV* newSV(STRLEN len)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVhek
-X<newSVhek>
-
-Creates a new SV from the hash key structure. It will generate scalars that
-point to the shared string table where possible. Returns a new (undefined)
-SV if the hek is NULL.
-
- SV* newSVhek(const HEK *hek)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSViv
-X<newSViv>
-
-Creates a new SV and copies an integer into it. The reference count for the
-SV is set to 1.
-
- SV* newSViv(IV i)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVnv
-X<newSVnv>
-
-Creates a new SV and copies a floating point value into it.
-The reference count for the SV is set to 1.
-
- SV* newSVnv(NV n)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVpv
-X<newSVpv>
-
-Creates a new SV and copies a string into it. The reference count for the
-SV is set to 1. If C<len> is zero, Perl will compute the length using
-strlen(). For efficiency, consider using C<newSVpvn> instead.
-
- SV* newSVpv(const char* s, STRLEN len)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVpvf
-X<newSVpvf>
-
-Creates a new SV and initializes it with the string formatted like
-C<sprintf>.
-
- SV* newSVpvf(const char* pat, ...)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVpvn
-X<newSVpvn>
-
-Creates a new SV and copies a string into it. The reference count for the
-SV is set to 1. Note that if C<len> is zero, Perl will create a zero length
-string. You are responsible for ensuring that the source string is at least
-C<len> bytes long. If the C<s> argument is NULL the new SV will be undefined.
-
- SV* newSVpvn(const char* s, STRLEN len)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVpvn_share
-X<newSVpvn_share>
-
-Creates a new SV with its SvPVX_const pointing to a shared string in the string
-table. If the string does not already exist in the table, it is created
-first. Turns on READONLY and FAKE. The string's hash is stored in the UV
-slot of the SV; if the C<hash> parameter is non-zero, that value is used;
-otherwise the hash is computed. The idea here is that as the string table
-is used for shared hash keys these strings will have SvPVX_const == HeKEY and
-hash lookup will avoid string compare.
-
- SV* newSVpvn_share(const char* s, I32 len, U32 hash)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVrv
-X<newSVrv>
-
-Creates a new SV for the RV, C<rv>, to point to. If C<rv> is not an RV then
-it will be upgraded to one. If C<classname> is non-null then the new SV will
-be blessed in the specified package. The new SV is returned and its
-reference count is 1.
-
- SV* newSVrv(SV* rv, const char* classname)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVsv
-X<newSVsv>
-
-Creates a new SV which is an exact duplicate of the original SV.
-(Uses C<sv_setsv>).
-
- SV* newSVsv(SV* old)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
-=item newSVuv
-X<newSVuv>
-
-Creates a new SV and copies an unsigned integer into it.
-The reference count for the SV is set to 1.
-
- SV* newSVuv(UV u)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
=item SvCUR
X<SvCUR>
=for hackers
Found in file sv.h
-=item SvROK
-X<SvROK>
+=item SvREFCNT_inc_NN
+X<SvREFCNT_inc_NN>
-Tests if the SV is an RV.
+Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you know I<sv>
+is not NULL. Since we don't have to check the NULLness, it's faster
+and smaller.
- bool SvROK(SV* sv)
+ SV* SvREFCNT_inc_NN(SV* sv)
=for hackers
Found in file sv.h
-=item SvROK_off
-X<SvROK_off>
+=item SvREFCNT_inc_simple
+X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple>
-Unsets the RV status of an SV.
+Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used with simple variables, not
+expressions or pointer dereferences. Since we don't have to store a
+temporary value, it's faster.
- void SvROK_off(SV* sv)
+ SV* SvREFCNT_inc_simple(SV* sv)
=for hackers
Found in file sv.h
-=item SvROK_on
-X<SvROK_on>
+=item SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN
+X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN>
-Tells an SV that it is an RV.
+Same as SvREFCNT_inc_simple, but can only be used if you know I<sv>
+is not NULL. Since we don't have to check the NULLness, it's faster
+and smaller.
- void SvROK_on(SV* sv)
+ SV* SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(SV* sv)
=for hackers
Found in file sv.h
-=item SvRV
-X<SvRV>
+=item SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void
+X<SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void>
-Dereferences an RV to return the SV.
+Same as SvREFCNT_inc_simple, but can only be used if you don't need the
+return value. The macro doesn't need to return a meaningful value.
- SV* SvRV(SV* sv)
+ SV* SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(SV* sv)
=for hackers
Found in file sv.h
-=item SvRV_set
+=item SvREFCNT_inc_void
+X<SvREFCNT_inc_void>
+
+Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you don't need the
+return value. The macro doesn't need to return a meaningful value.
+
+ SV* SvREFCNT_inc_void(SV* sv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+=item SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN
+X<SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN>
+
+Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you don't need the return
+value, and you know that I<sv> is not NULL. The macro doesn't need
+to return a meaningful value, or check for NULLness, so it's smaller
+and faster.
+
+ SV* SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(SV* sv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+=item SvROK
+X<SvROK>
+
+Tests if the SV is an RV.
+
+ bool SvROK(SV* sv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+=item SvROK_off
+X<SvROK_off>
+
+Unsets the RV status of an SV.
+
+ void SvROK_off(SV* sv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+=item SvROK_on
+X<SvROK_on>
+
+Tells an SV that it is an RV.
+
+ void SvROK_on(SV* sv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+=item SvRV
+X<SvRV>
+
+Dereferences an RV to return the SV.
+
+ SV* SvRV(SV* sv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+=item SvRV_set
X<SvRV_set>
Set the value of the RV pointer in sv to val. See C<SvIV_set>.
=for hackers
Found in file sv.h
+=item sv_catpvn_nomg
+X<sv_catpvn_nomg>
+
+Like C<sv_catpvn> but doesn't process magic.
+
+ void sv_catpvn_nomg(SV* sv, const char* ptr, STRLEN len)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+=item sv_catsv_nomg
+X<sv_catsv_nomg>
+
+Like C<sv_catsv> but doesn't process magic.
+
+ void sv_catsv_nomg(SV* dsv, SV* ssv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+=item sv_derived_from
+X<sv_derived_from>
+
+Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV is derived from the specified
+class. This is the function that implements C<UNIVERSAL::isa>. It works
+for class names as well as for objects.
+
+ bool sv_derived_from(SV* sv, const char* name)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file universal.c
+
+=item sv_report_used
+X<sv_report_used>
+
+Dump the contents of all SVs not yet freed. (Debugging aid).
+
+ void sv_report_used()
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item sv_setsv_nomg
+X<sv_setsv_nomg>
+
+Like C<sv_setsv> but doesn't process magic.
+
+ void sv_setsv_nomg(SV* dsv, SV* ssv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.h
+
+
+=back
+
+=head1 SV-Body Allocation
+
+=over 8
+
+=item looks_like_number
+X<looks_like_number>
+
+Test if the content of an SV looks like a number (or is a number).
+C<Inf> and C<Infinity> are treated as numbers (so will not issue a
+non-numeric warning), even if your atof() doesn't grok them.
+
+ I32 looks_like_number(SV* sv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newRV_noinc
+X<newRV_noinc>
+
+Creates an RV wrapper for an SV. The reference count for the original
+SV is B<not> incremented.
+
+ SV* newRV_noinc(SV* sv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSV
+X<newSV>
+
+Creates a new SV. A non-zero C<len> parameter indicates the number of
+bytes of preallocated string space the SV should have. An extra byte for a
+trailing NUL is also reserved. (SvPOK is not set for the SV even if string
+space is allocated.) The reference count for the new SV is set to 1.
+
+In 5.9.3, newSV() replaces the older NEWSV() API, and drops the first
+parameter, I<x>, a debug aid which allowed callers to identify themselves.
+This aid has been superseded by a new build option, PERL_MEM_LOG (see
+L<perlhack/PERL_MEM_LOG>). The older API is still there for use in XS
+modules supporting older perls.
+
+ SV* newSV(STRLEN len)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVhek
+X<newSVhek>
+
+Creates a new SV from the hash key structure. It will generate scalars that
+point to the shared string table where possible. Returns a new (undefined)
+SV if the hek is NULL.
+
+ SV* newSVhek(const HEK *hek)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSViv
+X<newSViv>
+
+Creates a new SV and copies an integer into it. The reference count for the
+SV is set to 1.
+
+ SV* newSViv(IV i)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVnv
+X<newSVnv>
+
+Creates a new SV and copies a floating point value into it.
+The reference count for the SV is set to 1.
+
+ SV* newSVnv(NV n)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVpv
+X<newSVpv>
+
+Creates a new SV and copies a string into it. The reference count for the
+SV is set to 1. If C<len> is zero, Perl will compute the length using
+strlen(). For efficiency, consider using C<newSVpvn> instead.
+
+ SV* newSVpv(const char* s, STRLEN len)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVpvf
+X<newSVpvf>
+
+Creates a new SV and initializes it with the string formatted like
+C<sprintf>.
+
+ SV* newSVpvf(const char* pat, ...)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVpvn
+X<newSVpvn>
+
+Creates a new SV and copies a string into it. The reference count for the
+SV is set to 1. Note that if C<len> is zero, Perl will create a zero length
+string. You are responsible for ensuring that the source string is at least
+C<len> bytes long. If the C<s> argument is NULL the new SV will be undefined.
+
+ SV* newSVpvn(const char* s, STRLEN len)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVpvn_share
+X<newSVpvn_share>
+
+Creates a new SV with its SvPVX_const pointing to a shared string in the string
+table. If the string does not already exist in the table, it is created
+first. Turns on READONLY and FAKE. The string's hash is stored in the UV
+slot of the SV; if the C<hash> parameter is non-zero, that value is used;
+otherwise the hash is computed. The idea here is that as the string table
+is used for shared hash keys these strings will have SvPVX_const == HeKEY and
+hash lookup will avoid string compare.
+
+ SV* newSVpvn_share(const char* s, I32 len, U32 hash)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVrv
+X<newSVrv>
+
+Creates a new SV for the RV, C<rv>, to point to. If C<rv> is not an RV then
+it will be upgraded to one. If C<classname> is non-null then the new SV will
+be blessed in the specified package. The new SV is returned and its
+reference count is 1.
+
+ SV* newSVrv(SV* rv, const char* classname)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVsv
+X<newSVsv>
+
+Creates a new SV which is an exact duplicate of the original SV.
+(Uses C<sv_setsv>).
+
+ SV* newSVsv(SV* old)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
+=item newSVuv
+X<newSVuv>
+
+Creates a new SV and copies an unsigned integer into it.
+The reference count for the SV is set to 1.
+
+ SV* newSVuv(UV u)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
=item sv_2bool
X<sv_2bool>
Using various gambits, try to get a CV from an SV; in addition, try if
possible to set C<*st> and C<*gvp> to the stash and GV associated with it.
+The flags in C<lref> are passed to sv_fetchsv.
CV* sv_2cv(SV* sv, HV** st, GV** gvp, I32 lref)
=for hackers
Found in file sv.c
+=item sv_2pvutf8
+X<sv_2pvutf8>
+
+Return a pointer to the UTF-8-encoded representation of the SV, and set *lp
+to its length. May cause the SV to be upgraded to UTF-8 as a side-effect.
+
+Usually accessed via the C<SvPVutf8> macro.
+
+ char* sv_2pvutf8(SV* sv, STRLEN* lp)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file sv.c
+
=item sv_2pv_flags
X<sv_2pv_flags>
=for hackers
Found in file sv.c
-=item sv_catpvn_nomg
-X<sv_catpvn_nomg>
-
-Like C<sv_catpvn> but doesn't process magic.
-
- void sv_catpvn_nomg(SV* sv, const char* ptr, STRLEN len)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.h
-
=item sv_catpv_mg
X<sv_catpv_mg>
=for hackers
Found in file sv.c
-=item sv_catsv_nomg
-X<sv_catsv_nomg>
-
-Like C<sv_catsv> but doesn't process magic.
-
- void sv_catsv_nomg(SV* dsv, SV* ssv)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.h
-
=item sv_chop
X<sv_chop>
=for hackers
Found in file sv.c
-=item sv_derived_from
-X<sv_derived_from>
-
-Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV is derived from the specified
-class. This is the function that implements C<UNIVERSAL::isa>. It works
-for class names as well as for objects.
-
- bool sv_derived_from(SV* sv, const char* name)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file universal.c
-
=item sv_eq
X<sv_eq>
(This is now used as a subroutine by C<sv_magic>.)
- MAGIC * sv_magicext(SV* sv, SV* obj, int how, const MGVTBL *vtbl, const char* name, I32 namlen)
+ MAGIC * sv_magicext(SV* sv, SV* obj, int how, MGVTBL *vtbl, const char* name, I32 namlen)
=for hackers
Found in file sv.c
=for hackers
Found in file sv.c
-=item sv_report_used
-X<sv_report_used>
-
-Dump the contents of all SVs not yet freed. (Debugging aid).
-
- void sv_report_used()
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.c
-
=item sv_reset
X<sv_reset>
Copies an integer into a new SV, optionally blessing the SV. The C<rv>
argument will be upgraded to an RV. That RV will be modified to point to
the new SV. The C<classname> argument indicates the package for the
-blessing. Set C<classname> to C<Nullch> to avoid the blessing. The new SV
+blessing. Set C<classname> to C<NULL> to avoid the blessing. The new SV
will have a reference count of 1, and the RV will be returned.
SV* sv_setref_iv(SV* rv, const char* classname, IV iv)
Copies a double into a new SV, optionally blessing the SV. The C<rv>
argument will be upgraded to an RV. That RV will be modified to point to
the new SV. The C<classname> argument indicates the package for the
-blessing. Set C<classname> to C<Nullch> to avoid the blessing. The new SV
+blessing. Set C<classname> to C<NULL> to avoid the blessing. The new SV
will have a reference count of 1, and the RV will be returned.
SV* sv_setref_nv(SV* rv, const char* classname, NV nv)
argument will be upgraded to an RV. That RV will be modified to point to
the new SV. If the C<pv> argument is NULL then C<PL_sv_undef> will be placed
into the SV. The C<classname> argument indicates the package for the
-blessing. Set C<classname> to C<Nullch> to avoid the blessing. The new SV
+blessing. Set C<classname> to C<NULL> to avoid the blessing. The new SV
will have a reference count of 1, and the RV will be returned.
Do not use with other Perl types such as HV, AV, SV, CV, because those
string must be specified with C<n>. The C<rv> argument will be upgraded to
an RV. That RV will be modified to point to the new SV. The C<classname>
argument indicates the package for the blessing. Set C<classname> to
-C<Nullch> to avoid the blessing. The new SV will have a reference count
+C<NULL> to avoid the blessing. The new SV will have a reference count
of 1, and the RV will be returned.
Note that C<sv_setref_pv> copies the pointer while this copies the string.
Copies an unsigned integer into a new SV, optionally blessing the SV. The C<rv>
argument will be upgraded to an RV. That RV will be modified to point to
the new SV. The C<classname> argument indicates the package for the
-blessing. Set C<classname> to C<Nullch> to avoid the blessing. The new SV
+blessing. Set C<classname> to C<NULL> to avoid the blessing. The new SV
will have a reference count of 1, and the RV will be returned.
SV* sv_setref_uv(SV* rv, const char* classname, UV uv)
=for hackers
Found in file sv.c
-=item sv_setsv_nomg
-X<sv_setsv_nomg>
-
-Like C<sv_setsv> but doesn't process magic.
-
- void sv_setsv_nomg(SV* dsv, SV* ssv)
-
-=for hackers
-Found in file sv.h
-
=item sv_setuv
X<sv_setuv>
The "swashp" is a pointer to the swash to use.
Both the special and normal mappings are stored lib/unicore/To/Foo.pl,
-and loaded by SWASHGET, using lib/utf8_heavy.pl. The special (usually,
+and loaded by SWASHNEW, using lib/utf8_heavy.pl. The special (usually,
but not always, a multicharacter mapping), is tried first.
The "special" is a string like "utf8::ToSpecLower", which means the
=for hackers
Found in file utf8.c
+=item utf8n_to_uvchr
+X<utf8n_to_uvchr>
+
+flags
+
+Returns the native character value of the first character in the string
+C<s>
+which is assumed to be in UTF-8 encoding; C<retlen> will be set to the
+length, in bytes, of that character.
+
+Allows length and flags to be passed to low level routine.
+
+ UV utf8n_to_uvchr(const U8 *s, STRLEN curlen, STRLEN *retlen, U32 flags)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file utf8.c
+
=item utf8n_to_uvuni
X<utf8n_to_uvuni>
=for hackers
Found in file utf8.c
+=item uvchr_to_utf8
+X<uvchr_to_utf8>
+
+Adds the UTF-8 representation of the Native codepoint C<uv> to the end
+of the string C<d>; C<d> should be have at least C<UTF8_MAXBYTES+1> free
+bytes available. The return value is the pointer to the byte after the
+end of the new character. In other words,
+
+ d = uvchr_to_utf8(d, uv);
+
+is the recommended wide native character-aware way of saying
+
+ *(d++) = uv;
+
+ U8* uvchr_to_utf8(U8 *d, UV uv)
+
+=for hackers
+Found in file utf8.c
+
=item uvuni_to_utf8_flags
X<uvuni_to_utf8_flags>
sidestepping the normal C order of execution. See C<warn>.
If you want to throw an exception object, assign the object to
-C<$@> and then pass C<Nullch> to croak():
+C<$@> and then pass C<NULL> to croak():
errsv = get_sv("@", TRUE);
sv_setsv(errsv, exception_object);
- croak(Nullch);
+ croak(NULL);
void croak(const char* pat, ...)
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