<div class="slide">
<h1>Introduction to Moose</h1>
- <h2><a href="git://git.moose.perl.org/moose-presentations.git"><tt>git://git.moose.perl.org/moose-presentations.git</tt></a></h2>
+ <h2>Dave Rolsky</a>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<ul>
<li>AKA advice</li>
<li>"<strong>Before</strong> foo(), do this first"</li>
- <li>"Do this <strong>after</strong> foo()</li>
+ <li>"Do this <strong>after</strong> foo()"</li>
<li>"Put this code <strong>around</strong> foo()"</li>
</ul>
</div>
<span class="highlight">handles => { 'blog_host' => 'host' },</span>
);
-<span class="highlight">$person->blog_host;</span>
-# really calls $person->blog_uri->host</code></pre>
+<span class="highlight">$person->blog_host;</span>
+# really calls $person->blog_uri->host</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<li>Calls <code>Person->BUILDARGS(@_)</code> to turn <code>@_</code> into a hashref</li>
<li>Blesses a reference</li>
<li>Populates attributes based on the hashref from #1</li>
- <li>Calls <code>$new_object->BUILDALL($constructor_args)</code>
+ <li>Calls <code>$new_object->BUILDALL($constructor_args)</code>
<br />... which calls all <code>BUILD</code> methods</li>
<li>Returns the object</li>
</ol>
my $person =
Person->new( first_name => 'Dave' );
-$person->first_name('Stevan');
-print $person->first_name; # Dave</code></pre>
+$person->first_name('Stevan'); # dies</code></pre>
</div>
use Moose;
# true
-Person->can('extends');</code></pre>
+Person->can('extends');</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>Not very hygienic</li>
...
-no Moose;
+<span class="highlight">no Moose;</span>
+
+# false
+Person->can('extends');</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<div class="slide">
+ <h1>Cleaning Up Moose Droppings</h1>
+
+ <pre><code>package Person;
+<span class="highlight">use namespace::autoclean;</span>
+use Moose;
+
+...
# false
-Person->can('extends');</code></pre>
+Person->can('extends');</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<h1>No Moose</h1>
<ul>
- <li><code>no Moose</code> at the end of a package is a best practice</li>
+ <li>Cleaning up is a best practice</li>
+ <li>Say <code>no Moose</code> at the end of a package</li>
<li>Or <code>use namespace::autoclean</code> at the top</li>
<li>Just do it</li>
</ul>
<h1>Immutability</h1>
<ul>
- <li><span style="font-family: URW Chancery L; font-size: 140%">Stevan's Incantation of Fleet-Footedness</span></li>
+ <li><span style="font-family: URW Chancery L; font-size: 120%">Stevan's Incantation of Fleet-Footedness</span></li>
</ul>
<pre><code>package Person;
use Moose;
-<span class="highlight">__PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;</span></code></pre>
+<span class="highlight">__PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;</span></code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
# or ...
-Person->meta->does('Printable')</code></pre>
+Person->meta->does_role('Printable')</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide">
- <h1>Method Aliasing</h1>
-
- <pre><code>package FragileDancer;
-use Moose;
-
-<span class="highlight">with 'IsFragile' =>
- { -alias =>
- { break => 'break_bone' } },
- 'CanBreakdance' =>
- { -alias =>
- { break => 'break_it_down' } };</span></code></pre>
-
- <ul>
- <li>Renames the roles' methods</li>
- <li>Still conflicts, need to <code>exclude</code> as well</li>
- </ul>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Method Exclusion</h1>
-
- <pre><code>package FragileDancer;
-use Moose;
-
-<span class="highlight">with 'IsFragile' =>
- { -alias =>
- { break => 'break_bone' },
- -excludes => 'break' },
- 'CanBreakdance' =>
- { -alias =>
- { break => 'break_it_down' },
- -excludes => 'break' };</span></code></pre>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>And then ...</h1>
-
- <pre><code>package FragileDancer;
-use Moose;
-
-sub break {
- my $self = shift;
-
- $self->break_it_down;
- if ( rand(1) < 0.5 ) {
- $self->break_bone;
- }
-}</code></pre>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Still Full of Fail</h1>
+ <h1>Conflicts Are a Smell</h1>
<ul>
- <li>Roles are also about semantics!</li>
- <li>We've fulfilled the letter and lost the spirit</li>
+ <li>Roles are about semantics!</li>
<li>Roles have a <em>meaning</em></li>
- <li>Think twice before blindly aliasing and excluding methods!</li>
+ <li>Method name conflicts smell like bad design</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="slide">
- <h1>Hot Role-on-Role Action</h1>
+ <h1>Roles With Roles</h1>
<pre><code>package Comparable;
use Moose::Role;
</div>
<div class="slide">
- <h1>Hot Role-on-Role Action</h1>
+ <h1>Roles With Roles</h1>
<pre><code>package TestsEquality;
use Moose::Role;
sub is_equal {
my $self = shift;
- return $self->compare(@_) == 0;
+ return $self->compare(@_) == 0;
}</code></pre>
</div>
# Satisfies the Comparable role
sub compare { ... }
-Integer->does('TestsEquality'); # true
-Integer->does('Comparable'); # also true!</code></pre>
+Integer->does('TestsEquality'); # true
+Integer->does('Comparable'); # also true!</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<div class="slide">
<h1>Delayed Conflict</h1>
- <pre><code>package StateOfTexas;
+ <pre><code>package SysadminAssassin;
with 'Killer';</code></pre>
<ul>
- <li><code>StateOfTexas</code> must implement its own <code>execute</code></li>
+ <li><code>SysadminAssassin</code> must implement its own <code>execute</code></li>
<li>But loading the <code>Killer</code> role by itself does not cause an error</li>
</ul>
</div>
<pre><code>use Moose::Util qw( apply_all_roles );
-my $fragile_person = Person->new( ... );
+my $fragile_person = Person->new( ... );
apply_all_roles( $fragile_person,
'IsFragile' );</code></pre>
<span class="current incremental">required => 1,</span>
);
-<span class="incremental">Person->new( first_name => undef ); # ok
-Person->new(); # kaboom</span></code></pre>
+<span class="incremental">Person->new( first_name => undef ); # ok
+Person->new(); # kaboom</span></code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
use Moose;
my $highlander_bank =
- Bank->new( name => 'Spire FCU' );
+ Bank->new(
+ name => 'Clan MacLeod Trust' );
has bank => (
is => 'rw',
<h1>Builder</h1>
<ul>
- <li>A method <em>name</em> which returns the default</li>
+ <li>A method <em>name</em></li>
+ <li>When called, this method returns the default value</li>
</ul>
</div>
use Moose;
has shoe_size => (
- is => 'ro',
+ is => 'ro',
+ required => 1,
);</code></pre>
</div>
<span class="highlight">init_arg => 'foot_size',</span>
);
-Person->new( <span class="wrong">shoe_size => 13</span> );
+Person->new( <span class="wrong">shoe_size => 13</span> );
my $person =
- Person->new( <span class="right">foot_size => 13</span> );
-print $person->shoe_size;</code></pre>
+ Person->new( <span class="right">foot_size => 13</span> );
+print $person->shoe_size;</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<span class="highlight">init_arg => undef,</span>
);
-Person->new( <span class="wrong">shoes => Shoes->new</span> );</code></pre>
+Person->new( <span class="wrong">shoes => Shoes->new</span> );</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<li>Attributes can have a <code>default</code> or <code>builder</code></li>
<li>Attributes with a default or builder can be <code>lazy</code></li>
<li>Attributes can have a <code>clearer</code> and/or <code>predicate</code></li>
+ </ul>
+</div>
+
+<div class="slide">
+ <h1>Basic Attributes Summary</h1>
+
+ <ul>
<li>An attribute's constructor name can be changed with <code>init_arg</code></li>
<li>A subclass can alter its parents' attributes</li>
<li>Attribute accessor names can be changed</li>
<ul>
<li>Apply to an existing method</li>
- <li>... from a parent class, the current class, or a role</li>
+ <li>... that comes from a parent class, the current class, or a role</li>
<li>Roles can provide modifiers that are applied at composition time</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="slide">
- <h1>What is a Method Modifier</h1>
+ <h1>What Are Method Modifiers For?</h1>
<ul>
<li>"Inject" behavior</li>
<li>Add behavior to generated methods (accessors, delegations)</li>
- <li>Provide roles which modify existing behavior</li>
+ <li>Added from a role, can modify existing behavior</li>
</ul>
</div>
$self->$orig(
$self->_munge_insert(@_) );
- $new_user->_assign_uri;
+ $new_user->_assign_uri;
return $new_user;
};</code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li>Inverted <code>super</code></li>
<li>From least- to most-specific</li>
+ <li>Like Mason's autohandler feature</li>
<li>Grandparent to parent to child</li>
<li>Not allowed in roles</li>
</ul>
<div class="slide">
<h1>Augment and Inner</h1>
- <pre><code>package Document;
+ <pre class="medium"><code>package Document;
sub xml { '<doc>' . <span class="highlight">inner()</span> . '</doc>' }
package Report;
extends 'Document';
<span class="highlight">augment xml</span> =>
- sub { title() . <span class="highlight">inner()</span> . summary() };
+ sub { my $self = shift;
+ $self->title() . <span class="highlight">inner()</span> . $self->summary() };
package TPSReport;
extends 'Report';
<span class="highlight">augment xml</span> =>
- sub { tps_xml() . <span class="highlight">inner()</span> };</code></pre>
+ sub { my $self = shift;
+ $self->tps_xml() . <span class="highlight">inner()</span> };</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
Undef
Defined
Value
- Str
- Num
- Int
- ClassName
- RoleName
+ Str
+ Num
+ Int
+ ClassName
+ RoleName
</pre>
</div>
CodeRef
RegexpRef
GlobRef
- FileHandle
+ FileHandle
Object
</pre>
</div>
<h1>Subtype Shortcuts - <code>class_type</code></h1>
<pre><code>use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
-class_type 'DateTime';
+class_type 'DateTime';</code></pre>
-subtype 'DateTime',
+<hr />
+
+<pre><code>subtype 'DateTime',
as 'Object',
where { $_->isa('DateTime') },
message { ... };</code></pre>
<h1>Subtype Shortcuts - <code>role_type</code></h1>
<pre><code>use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
-role_type 'Printable';
+role_type 'Printable';</coe></pre>
-subtype 'Printable',
- as 'Object',
+<hr />
+
+<pre><code>subtype 'Printable',
+ as 'Object',
where
{ Moose::Util::does_role(
$_, 'Printable' ) },
<h1>Subtype Shortcuts - <code>duck_type</code></h1>
<pre><code>use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
-duck_type Car => qw( run break_down );
+duck_type Car => qw( run break_down );</code></pre>
+
+<hr />
-subtype 'Car',
+<pre><code>subtype 'Car',
as 'Object',
where { all { $_->can($_) }
qw( run break_down ) },
<h1>Subtype Shortcuts - <code>enum</code></h1>
<pre><code>use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
-enum Color => qw( red blue green ) );
+enum Color => qw( red blue green ) );</code></pre>
-my %ok = map { $_ => 1 }
+<hr />
+
+<pre><code>my %ok = map { $_ => 1 }
qw( red blue green );
-subtype 'Color'
+subtype 'Color'
as 'Str',
where { $ok{$_} },
message { ... };</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
+ <h1>Questions So Far?</h1>
+</div>
+
+<div class="slide">
+ <h1>Exercises</h1>
+
+ <pre># cd exercises
+# perl bin/prove -lv t/05-types.t
+
+Iterate til this passes all its tests</pre>
+</div>
+
+<div class="slide">
<h1>Typed Methods (Low-tech)</h1>
<pre class="medium"><code>package Person;
<ul>
<li>Type names are exported functions, catches typos early</li>
<li>Types must be pre-declared</li>
- <li>Types are stored with namespaces internally, but externally are short</li>
+ <li>Types are stored with namespaces internally, but you use short names</li>
<li>Import existing Moose types as functions from <code>MooseX::Types::Moose</code></li>
<li>Still need string names for things like <code>ArrayRef['Email::Address']</code></li>
</ul>
<li><span class="right">Catches typos at compile time</span></li>
<li><span class="right">Automatic namespacing</span></li>
<li><span class="wrong">One more thing to install and learn</span></li>
- <li><span class="wrong">Every name gets types twice (declared and then defined)</span></li>
+ <li><span class="wrong">Every name is typed twice (declared and then defined)</span></li>
<li><span class="wrong">Still stuck with strings when referring to class or role names</span></li>
<li><span class="wrong">Coercion gotcha from earlier still applies to types exported from <code>MooseX::Types::Moose</code></span></li>
</ul>
<h1>Questions?</h1>
</div>
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Exercises</h1>
-
- <pre># cd exercises
-# perl bin/prove -lv t/05-types.t
-
-Iterate til this passes all its tests</pre>
-</div>
-
<div class="slide fake-slide0">
<h1>Part 6: Advanced Attributes</h1>
</div>
<pre><code>after salary_level => {
my $self = shift;
- return unless @_;
+ <span class="highlight">return unless @_;</span>
$self->clear_salary;
};</code></pre>
</div>
<pre><code>has salary_level => (
is => 'rw',
- trigger => sub { $_[0]->clear_salary },
+ trigger =>
+ sub { $_[0]->clear_salary },
);</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="slide">
+ <h1>Trigger Arguments</h1>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>$self</code></li>
+ <li><code>$new_value</code></li>
+ <li><code>$old_value</code> - if one exists</li>
+ </ul>
+</div>
+
+<div class="slide">
<h1>Delegation</h1>
<ul>
<h1>Array Reference</h1>
<ul>
+ <li>1-to-1 mapping</li>
<li>Takes each method name and creates a simple delegation from the delegating class to the delegatee attribute</li>
</ul>
</div>
use Moose;
has _favorite_numbers => (
traits => [ 'Array' ],
- is => 'ro',
+ is => 'bare',
isa => 'ArrayRef[Int]',
default => sub { [] },
init_arg => undef,
<li>Bool - <code>set</code>, <code>toggle</code>, ...</li>
<li>Hash - <code>get</code>, <code>set</code>, ...</li>
<li>Array - already saw it</li>
- <li>Code - <code>execute</code>, that's it</li>
+ <li>Code - <code>execute</code> and <code>execute_method</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h1>Traits and Metaclasses</h1>
<ul>
- <li>Can add/alter/remove attribute parameter (from <code>has</code>)</li>
+ <li>Can add/alter/remove an attribute parameter (from <code>has</code>)</li>
<li>Can change behavior of created attribute</li>
</ul>
</div>
<li>Use <code>weak_ref</code> to avoid circular references</li>
<li>Use trigger to do an action post-attribute write</li>
<li>Use delegations to hide "internal" objects</li>
+ <li>Use native delegations to treat Perl types as objects</li>
<li>Traits and metaclasses let you extend Moose's core attribute features</li>
</ul>
</div>
Iterate til this passes all its tests</pre>
</div>
+<div class="slide">
+ <h1>Questions?</h1>
+</div>
+
<div class="slide fake-slide0">
- <h1>Part 7: Introspection</h1>
+ <h1>The End</h1>
+</div>
+
+<div class="slide">
+ <h1>More Information</h1>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="http://moose.perl.org/">http://moose.perl.org/</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/Moose/lib/Moose/Manual.pod">Moose::Manual</a> and <a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/Moose/lib/Moose/Cookbook.pod">Moose::Cookbook</a></li>
+ <li><a href="irc://irc.perl.org/#moose">irc://irc.perl.org/#moose</a></li>
+ <li>mailing list - <a href="mailto:moose@perl.org">moose@perl.org</a></li>
+ <li>Slides and exercises are in Moose's git repo:
+ <br />
+ <span style="font-size:80%; white-space: nowrap">git://jules.scsys.co.uk/gitmo/moose-presentations</span></li>
+ </ul>
</div>
+
<div class="slide fake-slide0">
- <h1>Part 8: A Brief Tour of MooseX</h1>
+ <h1>Bonus: A Brief Tour of MooseX</h1>
</div>
<div class="slide">
<ul>
<li><strong>Not comprehensive</strong></li>
- <li>128 MooseX distributions on CPAN as of 09/24/2009</li>
+ <li>152 MooseX distributions on CPAN as of 02/02/2010</li>
<li>Some of them are crap</li>
</ul>
</div>
has file =>
( is => 'ro', required => 1 );
has filters =>
- ( is => 'ro', isa => 'Str' );
+ ( is => 'ro', isa => 'ArrayRef[Str]' );
sub run { ... }</code></pre>
</div>
use App::CLI;
-<span class="highlight">App::CLI->new_with_options()</span>->run();</code></pre>
+<span class="highlight">App::CLI->new_with_options()</span>->run();</code></pre>
<pre>$ myapp-cli \
--file foo \
with HasCollection => { type => 'Int' };</code></pre>
</div>
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>Questions?</h1>
-</div>
-
<div class="slide fake-slide0">
- <h1>Part 9: Writing Moose Extensions</h1>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide fake-slide0">
- <h1>The End</h1>
-</div>
-
-<div class="slide">
- <h1>More Information</h1>
-
- <ul>
- <li><a href="http://moose.perl.org/">http://moose.perl.org/</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/Moose/lib/Moose/Manual.pod">Moose::Manual</a> and <a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/Moose/lib/Moose/Cookbook.pod">Moose::Cookbook</a></li>
- <li><a href="irc://irc.perl.org/#moose">irc://irc.perl.org/#moose</a></li>
- <li>mailing list - <a href="mailto:moose@perl.org">moose@perl.org</a></li>
- <li>Slides and exercises are in Moose's git repo:
- <br />
- <span style="white-space: nowrap">git://jules.scsys.co.uk/gitmo/moose-presentations</span></li>
- </ul>
+ <h1>The End (Really)</h1>
</div>
</div>
projects / gitmo/moose-presentations.git / blobdiff