my $class = "Math::BigInt";
require 5.005;
-$VERSION = '1.55';
+$VERSION = '1.59';
use Exporter;
@ISA = qw( Exporter );
@EXPORT_OK = qw( objectify _swap bgcd blcm);
# otherwise do our own thing
$self->{value} = $CALC->_zero();
}
- $self->{value} = $CALC->_zero();
$self->{sign} = $nan;
delete $self->{_a}; delete $self->{_p}; # rounding NaN is silly
return $self;
my ($self,$x,$y,@r) = objectify(2,@_);
return $x if $x->modify('badd');
-# print "mbi badd ",join(' ',caller()),"\n";
-# print "upgrade => ",$upgrade||'undef',
-# " \$x (",ref($x),") \$y (",ref($y),")\n";
return $upgrade->badd($x,$y,@r) if defined $upgrade &&
- ((ref($x) eq $upgrade) || (ref($y) eq $upgrade));
-# print "still badd\n";
+ ((!$x->isa($self)) || (!$y->isa($self)));
$r[3] = $y; # no push!
# inf and NaN handling
my ($self,$x,$y,@r) = objectify(2,@_);
return $x if $x->modify('bsub');
+
+# upgrade done by badd():
# return $upgrade->badd($x,$y,@r) if defined $upgrade &&
-# ((ref($x) eq $upgrade) || (ref($y) eq $upgrade));
+# ((!$x->isa($self)) || (!$y->isa($self)));
if ($y->is_zero())
{
return $self->_div_inf($x,$y)
if (($x->{sign} !~ /^[+-]$/) || ($y->{sign} !~ /^[+-]$/) || $y->is_zero());
+ #print "mbi bdiv $x $y\n";
return $upgrade->bdiv($upgrade->new($x),$y,@r)
- if defined $upgrade && $y->isa($upgrade);
+ if defined $upgrade && !$y->isa($self);
$r[3] = $y; # no push!
$x->round(@r);
}
+###############################################################################
+# modulus functions
+
sub bmod
{
# modulus (or remainder)
{
my $xsign = $x->{sign};
$x->{sign} = $y->{sign};
- $x = $y-$x if $xsign ne $y->{sign}; # one of them '-'
+ if ($xsign ne $y->{sign})
+ {
+ my $t = [ @{$x->{value}} ]; # copy $x
+ $x->{value} = [ @{$y->{value}} ]; # copy $y to $x
+ $x->{value} = $CALC->_sub($y->{value},$t,1); # $y-$x
+ }
}
else
{
$x;
}
+sub bmodinv
+ {
+ # modular inverse. given a number which is (hopefully) relatively
+ # prime to the modulus, calculate its inverse using Euclid's
+ # alogrithm. if the number is not relatively prime to the modulus
+ # (i.e. their gcd is not one) then NaN is returned.
+
+ my ($self,$num,$mod,@r) = objectify(2,@_);
+
+ return $num if $num->modify('bmodinv');
+
+ return $num->bnan()
+ if ($mod->{sign} ne '+' # -, NaN, +inf, -inf
+ || $num->is_zero() # or num == 0
+ || $num->{sign} !~ /^[+-]$/ # or num NaN, inf, -inf
+ );
+
+ # put least residue into $num if $num was negative, and thus make it positive
+ $num->bmod($mod) if $num->{sign} eq '-';
+
+ if ($CALC->can('_modinv'))
+ {
+ $num->{value} = $CALC->_modinv($num->{value},$mod->{value});
+ $num->bnan() if !defined $num->{value} ; # in case there was no
+ return $num;
+ }
+
+ my ($u, $u1) = ($self->bzero(), $self->bone());
+ my ($a, $b) = ($mod->copy(), $num->copy());
+
+ # first step need always be done since $num (and thus $b) is never 0
+ # Note that the loop is aligned so that the check occurs between #2 and #1
+ # thus saving us one step #2 at the loop end. Typical loop count is 1. Even
+ # a case with 28 loops still gains about 3% with this layout.
+ my $q;
+ ($a, $q, $b) = ($b, $a->bdiv($b)); # step #1
+ # Euclid's Algorithm
+ while (!$b->is_zero())
+ {
+ ($u, $u1) = ($u1, $u->bsub($u1->copy()->bmul($q))); # step #2
+ ($a, $q, $b) = ($b, $a->bdiv($b)); # step #1 again
+ }
+
+ # if the gcd is not 1, then return NaN! It would be pointless to
+ # have called bgcd to check this first, because we would then be performing
+ # the same Euclidean Algorithm *twice*
+ return $num->bnan() unless $a->is_one();
+
+ $u1->bmod($mod);
+ $num->{value} = $u1->{value};
+ $num->{sign} = $u1->{sign};
+ $num;
+ }
+
+sub bmodpow
+ {
+ # takes a very large number to a very large exponent in a given very
+ # large modulus, quickly, thanks to binary exponentation. supports
+ # negative exponents.
+ my ($self,$num,$exp,$mod,@r) = objectify(3,@_);
+
+ return $num if $num->modify('bmodpow');
+
+ # check modulus for valid values
+ return $num->bnan() if ($mod->{sign} ne '+' # NaN, - , -inf, +inf
+ || $mod->is_zero());
+
+ # check exponent for valid values
+ if ($exp->{sign} =~ /\w/)
+ {
+ # i.e., if it's NaN, +inf, or -inf...
+ return $num->bnan();
+ }
+
+ $num->bmodinv ($mod) if ($exp->{sign} eq '-');
+
+ # check num for valid values (also NaN if there was no inverse but $exp < 0)
+ return $num->bnan() if $num->{sign} !~ /^[+-]$/;
+
+ if ($CALC->can('_modpow'))
+ {
+ # $mod is positive, sign on $exp is ignored, result also positive
+ $num->{value} = $CALC->_modpow($num->{value},$exp->{value},$mod->{value});
+ return $num;
+ }
+
+ # in the trivial case,
+ return $num->bzero() if $mod->is_one();
+ return $num->bone() if $num->is_zero() or $num->is_one();
+
+ # $num->bmod($mod); # if $x is large, make it smaller first
+ my $acc = $num->copy(); # but this is not really faster...
+
+ $num->bone(); # keep ref to $num
+
+ my $expbin = $exp->as_bin(); $expbin =~ s/^[-]?0b//; # ignore sign and prefix
+ my $len = length($expbin);
+ while (--$len >= 0)
+ {
+ if( substr($expbin,$len,1) eq '1')
+ {
+ $num->bmul($acc)->bmod($mod);
+ }
+ $acc->bmul($acc)->bmod($mod);
+ }
+
+ $num;
+ }
+
+###############################################################################
+
sub bfac
{
# (BINT or num_str, BINT or num_str) return BINT
return $x if $x->modify('bpow');
return $upgrade->bpow($upgrade->new($x),$y,@r)
- if defined $upgrade && $y->isa($upgrade);
+ if defined $upgrade && !$y->isa($self);
$r[3] = $y; # no push!
return $x if $x->{sign} =~ /^[+-]inf$/; # -inf/+inf ** x
# }
my $pow2 = $self->__one();
- my $y1 = $class->new($y);
- my $two = $self->new(2);
- while (!$y1->is_one())
+ my $y_bin = $y->as_bin(); $y_bin =~ s/^0b//;
+ my $len = length($y_bin);
+ while (--$len > 0)
{
- $pow2->bmul($x) if $y1->is_odd();
- $y1->bdiv($two);
+ $pow2->bmul($x) if substr($y_bin,$len,1) eq '1'; # is odd?
$x->bmul($x);
}
- $x->bmul($pow2) unless $pow2->is_one();
+ $x->bmul($pow2);
$x->round(@r);
}
$bin =~ s/^-0b//; # strip '-0b' prefix
$bin =~ tr/10/01/; # flip bits
# now shift
- if (length($bin) <= $y)
+ if (CORE::length($bin) <= $y)
{
$bin = '0'; # shifting to far right creates -1
# 0, because later increment makes
# currently it tries 'Math::BigInt' + 1, which will not work.
# some shortcut for the common cases
-
# $x->unary_op();
return (ref($_[1]),$_[1]) if (@_ == 2) && ($_[0]||0 == 1) && ref($_[1]);
$a[0] = $class;
$a[0] = shift if $_[0] =~ /^[A-Z].*::/; # classname as first?
}
+
no strict 'refs';
# disable downgrading, because Math::BigFLoat->foo('1.0','2.0') needs floats
if (defined ${"$a[0]::downgrade"})
${"$a[0]::downgrade"} = undef;
}
+ my $up = ${"$a[0]::upgrade"};
# print "Now in objectify, my class is today $a[0]\n";
if ($count == 0)
{
{
$k = $a[0]->new($k);
}
- elsif (ref($k) ne $a[0])
+ elsif (!defined $up && ref($k) ne $a[0])
{
# foreign object, try to convert to integer
$k->can('as_number') ? $k = $k->as_number() : $k = $a[0]->new($k);
{
$k = $a[0]->new($k);
}
- elsif (ref($k) ne $a[0])
+ elsif (!defined $up && ref($k) ne $a[0])
{
# foreign object, try to convert to integer
$k->can('as_number') ? $k = $k->as_number() : $k = $a[0]->new($k);
my $self = shift;
$IMPORT++;
- my @a = @_; my $l = scalar @_; my $j = 0;
- for ( my $i = 0; $i < $l ; $i++,$j++ )
+ my @a; my $l = scalar @_;
+ for ( my $i = 0; $i < $l ; $i++ )
{
if ($_[$i] eq ':constant')
{
# this causes overlord er load to step in
overload::constant integer => sub { $self->new(shift) };
overload::constant binary => sub { $self->new(shift) };
- splice @a, $j, 1; $j --;
}
elsif ($_[$i] eq 'upgrade')
{
# this causes upgrading
$upgrade = $_[$i+1]; # or undef to disable
- my $s = 2; $s = 1 if @a-$j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existant..."
- splice @a, $j, $s; $j -= $s;
+ $i++;
}
elsif ($_[$i] =~ /^lib$/i)
{
# this causes a different low lib to take care...
$CALC = $_[$i+1] || '';
- my $s = 2; $s = 1 if @a-$j < 2; # avoid "can not modify non-existant..."
- splice @a, $j, $s; $j -= $s;
+ $i++;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ push @a, $_[$i];
}
}
# any non :constant stuff is handled by our parent, Exporter
$CALC = ''; # signal error
foreach my $lib (@c)
{
+ next if ($lib || '') eq '';
$lib = 'Math::BigInt::'.$lib if $lib !~ /^Math::BigInt/i;
$lib =~ s/\.pm$//;
if ($] < 5.006)
{
# Perl < 5.6.0 dies with "out of memory!" when eval() and ':constant' is
# used in the same script, or eval inside import().
- (my $mod = $lib . '.pm') =~ s!::!/!g;
- # require does not automatically :: => /, so portability problems arise
- eval { require $mod; $lib->import( @c ); }
+ my @parts = split /::/, $lib; # Math::BigInt => Math BigInt
+ my $file = pop @parts; $file .= '.pm'; # BigInt => BigInt.pm
+ require File::Spec;
+ $file = File::Spec->catfile (@parts, $file);
+ eval { require "$file"; $lib->import( @c ); }
}
else
{
$es = $1; $ev = $2;
# valid mantissa?
return if $m eq '.' || $m eq '';
- my ($mi,$mf) = split /\./,$m;
+ my ($mi,$mf,$last) = split /\./,$m;
+ return if defined $last; # last defined => 1.2.3 or others
$mi = '0' if !defined $mi;
$mi .= '0' if $mi =~ /^[\-\+]?$/;
$mf = '0' if !defined $mf || $mf eq '';
}
else
{
- my $x1 = $x->copy()->babs(); my $xr;
- my $x10000 = Math::BigInt->new (0x10000);
+ my $x1 = $x->copy()->babs(); my ($xr,$x10000,$h);
+ if ($] >= 5.006)
+ {
+ $x10000 = Math::BigInt->new (0x10000); $h = 'h4';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ $x10000 = Math::BigInt->new (0x1000); $h = 'h3';
+ }
while (!$x1->is_zero())
{
($x1, $xr) = bdiv($x1,$x10000);
- $es .= unpack('h4',pack('v',$xr->numify()));
+ $es .= unpack($h,pack('v',$xr->numify()));
}
$es = reverse $es;
$es =~ s/^[0]+//; # strip leading zeros
}
else
{
- my $x1 = $x->copy()->babs(); my $xr;
- my $x10000 = Math::BigInt->new (0x10000);
+ my $x1 = $x->copy()->babs(); my ($xr,$x10000,$b);
+ if ($] >= 5.006)
+ {
+ $x10000 = Math::BigInt->new (0x10000); $b = 'b16';
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ $x10000 = Math::BigInt->new (0x1000); $b = 'b12';
+ }
while (!$x1->is_zero())
{
($x1, $xr) = bdiv($x1,$x10000);
- $es .= unpack('b16',pack('v',$xr->numify()));
+ $es .= unpack($b,pack('v',$xr->numify()));
}
$es = reverse $es;
$es =~ s/^[0]+//; # strip leading zeros
# return (quo,rem) or quo if scalar
$x->bmod($y); # modulus (x % y)
+ $x->bmodpow($exp,$mod); # modular exponentation (($num**$exp) % $mod))
+ $x->bmodinv($mod); # the inverse of $x in the given modulus $mod
+
$x->bpow($y); # power of arguments (x ** y)
$x->blsft($y); # left shift
$x->brsft($y); # right shift
$x->bsstr(); # normalized string in scientific notation
$x->as_hex(); # as signed hexadecimal string with prefixed 0x
$x->as_bin(); # as signed binary string with prefixed 0b
+
+ Math::BigInt->config(); # return hash containing configuration/version
=head1 DESCRIPTION
$A, $P and $R are accuracy, precision and round_mode. Please see more in the
section about ACCURACY and ROUNDIND.
+=head2 config
+
+ use Data::Dumper;
+
+ print Dumper ( Math::BigInt->config() );
+
+Returns a hash containing the configuration, e.g. the version number, lib
+loaded etc.
+
=head2 accuracy
$x->accuracy(5); # local for $x
$x->bmod($y); # modulus (x % y)
+=head2 bmodinv
+
+ $num->bmodinv($mod); # modular inverse
+
+Returns the inverse of C<$num> in the given modulus C<$mod>. 'C<NaN>' is
+returned unless C<$num> is relatively prime to C<$mod>, i.e. unless
+C<bgcd($num, $mod)==1>.
+
+=head2 bmodpow
+
+ $num->bmodpow($exp,$mod); # modular exponentation ($num**$exp % $mod)
+
+Returns the value of C<$num> taken to the power C<$exp> in the modulus
+C<$mod> using binary exponentation. C<bmodpow> is far superior to
+writing
+
+ $num ** $exp % $mod
+
+because C<bmodpow> is much faster--it reduces internal variables into
+the modulus whenever possible, so it operates on smaller numbers.
+
+C<bmodpow> also supports negative exponents.
+
+ bmodpow($num, -1, $mod)
+
+is exactly equivalent to
+
+ bmodinv($num, $mod)
+
=head2 bpow
$x->bpow($y); # power of arguments (x ** y)
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blobdiff