# DB_File.pm -- Perl 5 interface to Berkeley DB
#
# written by Paul Marquess (Paul.Marquess@btinternet.com)
-# last modified 6th June 1999
-# version 1.67
+# last modified 4th September 1999
+# version 1.71
#
# Copyright (c) 1995-1999 Paul Marquess. All rights reserved.
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
use Carp;
-$VERSION = "1.67" ;
+$VERSION = "1.71" ;
#typedef enum { DB_BTREE, DB_HASH, DB_RECNO } DBTYPE;
$DB_BTREE = new DB_File::BTREEINFO ;
require Tie::Hash;
require Exporter;
use AutoLoader;
-require DynaLoader;
-@ISA = qw(Tie::Hash Exporter DynaLoader);
+use XSLoader ();
+@ISA = qw(Tie::Hash Exporter);
@EXPORT = qw(
$DB_BTREE $DB_HASH $DB_RECNO
($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
my $val = constant($constname, @_ ? $_[0] : 0);
if ($! != 0) {
- if ($! =~ /Invalid/) {
+ if ($! =~ /Invalid/ || $!{EINVAL}) {
$AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
}
# };
#}
-bootstrap DB_File $VERSION;
+XSLoader::load 'DB_File', $VERSION;
# Preloaded methods go here. Autoload methods go after __END__, and are
# processed by the autosplit program.
B<DB_File> is a module which allows Perl programs to make use of the
facilities provided by Berkeley DB version 1.x (if you have a newer
-version of DB, see L<Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2>). It is
-assumed that you have a copy of the Berkeley DB manual pages at hand
-when reading this documentation. The interface defined here mirrors the
-Berkeley DB interface closely.
+version of DB, see L<Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3>).
+It is assumed that you have a copy of the Berkeley DB manual pages at
+hand when reading this documentation. The interface defined here
+mirrors the Berkeley DB interface closely.
Berkeley DB is a C library which provides a consistent interface to a
number of database formats. B<DB_File> provides an interface to all
=back
-=head2 Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2
+=head2 Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or 3
Although B<DB_File> is intended to be used with Berkeley DB version 1,
-it can also be used with version 2. In this case the interface is
+it can also be used with version 2.or 3 In this case the interface is
limited to the functionality provided by Berkeley DB 1.x. Anywhere the
-version 2 interface differs, B<DB_File> arranges for it to work like
-version 1. This feature allows B<DB_File> scripts that were built with
-version 1 to be migrated to version 2 without any changes.
+version 2 or 3 interface differs, B<DB_File> arranges for it to work
+like version 1. This feature allows B<DB_File> scripts that were built
+with version 1 to be migrated to version 2 or 3 without any changes.
If you want to make use of the new features available in Berkeley DB
-2.x, use the Perl module B<BerkeleyDB> instead.
+2.x or 3.x, use the Perl module B<BerkeleyDB> instead.
At the time of writing this document the B<BerkeleyDB> module is still
alpha quality (the version number is < 1.0), and so unsuitable for use
in any serious development work. Once its version number is >= 1.0, it
is considered stable enough for real work.
-B<Note:> The database file format has changed in Berkeley DB version 2.
-If you cannot recreate your databases, you must dump any existing
-databases with the C<db_dump185> utility that comes with Berkeley DB.
-Once you have rebuilt DB_File to use Berkeley DB version 2, your
+B<Note:> The database file format has changed in both Berkeley DB
+version 2 and 3. If you cannot recreate your databases, you must dump
+any existing databases with the C<db_dump185> utility that comes with
+Berkeley DB.
+Once you have rebuilt DB_File to use Berkeley DB version 2 or 3, your
databases can be recreated using C<db_load>. Refer to the Berkeley DB
documentation for further details.
-Please read L<"COPYRIGHT"> before using version 2.x of Berkeley DB with
-DB_File.
+Please read L<"COPYRIGHT"> before using version 2.x or 3.x of Berkeley
+DB with DB_File.
=head2 Interface to Berkeley DB
use DB_File ;
use vars qw( %h $k $v ) ;
+ unlink "fruit" ;
tie %h, "DB_File", "fruit", O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, $DB_HASH
or die "Cannot open file 'fruit': $!\n";
# specify the Perl sub that will do the comparison
$DB_BTREE->{'compare'} = \&Compare ;
+ unlink "tree" ;
tie %h, "DB_File", "tree", O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, $DB_BTREE
or die "Cannot open file 'tree': $!\n" ;
# iterate through the associative array
# and print each key/value pair.
- foreach (keys %h)
+ foreach (sort keys %h)
{ print "$_ -> $h{$_}\n" }
untie %h ;
So assuming the database created above, we can use C<get_dup> like
this:
+ use strict ;
+ use DB_File ;
+
+ use vars qw($filename $x %h ) ;
+
+ $filename = "tree" ;
+
+ # Enable duplicate records
+ $DB_BTREE->{'flags'} = R_DUP ;
+
+ $x = tie %h, "DB_File", $filename, O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, $DB_BTREE
+ or die "Cannot open $filename: $!\n";
+
my $cnt = $x->get_dup("Wall") ;
print "Wall occurred $cnt times\n" ;
print "Larry is there\n" if $hash{'Larry'} ;
print "There are $hash{'Brick'} Brick Walls\n" ;
- my @list = $x->get_dup("Wall") ;
+ my @list = sort $x->get_dup("Wall") ;
print "Wall => [@list]\n" ;
@list = $x->get_dup("Smith") ;
prints this
- Larry Wall is there
+ Larry Wall is there
Harry Wall is not there
$st == 0 ;
$st = $x->seq($key, $value, R_NEXT) )
- { print "$key -> $value\n" }
+ { print "$key -> $value\n" }
print "\nPARTIAL MATCH\n" ;
use strict ;
use DB_File ;
+ my $filename = "text" ;
+ unlink $filename ;
+
my @h ;
- tie @h, "DB_File", "text", O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, $DB_RECNO
+ tie @h, "DB_File", $filename, O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0640, $DB_RECNO
or die "Cannot open file 'text': $!\n" ;
# Add a few key/value pairs to the file
The array contains 5 entries
popped black
- unshifted white
+ shifted white
Element 1 Exists with value blue
The last element is green
The 2nd last element is yellow
L<perlmod/CPAN> for details), in the directory
F<modules/by-module/DB_File>.
-This version of B<DB_File> will work with either version 1.x or 2.x of
-Berkeley DB, but is limited to the functionality provided by version 1.
+This version of B<DB_File> will work with either version 1.x, 2.x or
+3.x of Berkeley DB, but is limited to the functionality provided by
+version 1.
The official web site for Berkeley DB is F<http://www.sleepycat.com>.
-Both versions 1 and 2 of Berkeley DB are available there.
+All versions of Berkeley DB are available there.
Alternatively, Berkeley DB version 1 is available at your nearest CPAN
archive in F<src/misc/db.1.85.tar.gz>.