Each of these is explained in further detail below.
+B<NOTE>: starting from the release 5.6.0 Perl will use a version
+scheme where even-numbered subreleases (like 5.6) are stable
+maintenance releases and odd-numbered subreleases (like 5.7) are
+unstable development releases. Development releases should not be
+used in production environments. Fixes and new features are first
+carefully tested in development releases and only if they prove
+themselves to be worthy will they be migrated to the maintenance
+releases.
+
The above commands will install Perl to /usr/local or /opt, depending
on the platform. If that's not okay with you, use
with:
perl Makefile.PL POLLUTE=1
-
+
Alternatively, you can enable CPP symbol pollution wholesale by
building perl itself with:
the sources back to the platform without GCC.
If you succeed in automatically converting the sources to a K&R compatible
-form, be sure to email perlbug@perl.com to let us know the steps you
+form, be sure to email perlbug@perl.org to let us know the steps you
followed. This will enable us to officially support this option.
=back
sh Configure -des
-For my Solaris system, I usually use
+Note: for development releases (odd subreleases, like 5.7, as opposed
+to maintenance releases which have even subreleases, like 5.6)
+if you want to use Configure -d, you will also need to supply -Dusedevel
+to Configure, because the default answer to the question "do you really
+want to Configure a development version?" is "no". The -Dusedevel
+skips that sanity check.
+
+For example for my Solaris system, I usually use
sh Configure -Dprefix=/opt/perl -Doptimize='-xpentium -xO4' -des
Perl will search these directories (including architecture and
version-specific subdirectories) for add-on modules and extensions.
+=item APPLLIB_EXP
+
+There is one other way of adding paths to @INC at perl build time, and
+that is by setting the APPLLIB_EXP C pre-processor token to a colon-
+separated list of directories, like this
+
+ sh Configure -Accflags='-DAPPLLIB_EXP=\"/usr/libperl\"'
+
+The directories defined by APPLLIB_EXP get added to @INC I<first>,
+ahead of any others, and so provide a way to override the standard perl
+modules should you, for example, want to distribute fixes without
+touching the perl distribution proper. And, like otherlib dirs,
+version and architecture specific subdirectories are also searched, if
+present, at run time. Of course, you can still search other @INC
+directories ahead of those in APPLLIB_EXP by using any of the standard
+run-time methods: $PERLLIB, $PERL5LIB, -I, use lib, etc.
+
=item Man Pages
In versions 5.005_57 and earlier, the default was to store module man
configuration exists to allow these issues to be worked on.
This option requires the 'sfio' package to have been built and installed.
-A (fairly old) version of sfio is in CPAN.
+The latest sfio is available from http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/sfio/
You select this option by
_exit vs. exit. If you have this problem, the fix is to go back to
your sfio sources and correct iffe's guess about atexit.
-There also might be a more recent release of Sfio that fixes your
-problem.
-
=item 2.
Normal stdio IO, but with all IO going through calls to the PerlIO
=back
+=head2 SOCKS
+
+Perl can be configured to be 'socksified', that is, to use the SOCKS
+TCP/IP proxy protocol library. SOCKS is used to give applications
+access to transport layer network proxies. Perl supports only SOCKS
+Version 5. You can find more about SOCKS from http://www.socks.nec.com/
+
=head2 Dynamic Loading
By default, Configure will compile perl to use dynamic loading if
=back
+=head2 Building DB, NDBM, and ODBM interfaces with Berkeley DB 3
+
+Perl interface for DB3 is part of Berkeley DB, but if you want to
+compile standard Perl DB/ODBM/NDBM interfaces, you must follow
+following instructions.
+
+Berkeley DB3 from Sleepycat Software is by default installed without
+DB1 compatibility code (needed for DB_File interface) and without
+links to compatibility files. So if you want to use packages written
+for DB/ODBM/NDBM interfaces, you need to configure DB3 with
+--enable-compat185 (and optionally with --enable-dump185) and create
+additional references (suppose you are installing DB3 with
+--prefix=/usr):
+
+ ln -s libdb-3.so /usr/lib/libdbm.so
+ ln -s libdb-3.so /usr/lib/libndbm.so
+ echo '#define DB_DBM_HSEARCH 1' >dbm.h
+ echo '#include <db.h>' >>dbm.h
+ install -m 0644 dbm.h /usr/include/dbm.h
+ install -m 0644 dbm.h /usr/include/ndbm.h
+
+Optionally, if you have compiled with --enable-compat185 (not needed
+for ODBM/NDBM):
+
+ ln -s libdb-3.so /usr/lib/libdb1.so
+ ln -s libdb-3.so /usr/lib/libdb.so
+
+ODBM emulation seems not to be perfect, but is quite usable,
+using DB 3.1.17:
+
+ lib/odbm.............FAILED at test 9
+ Failed 1/64 tests, 98.44% okay
+
=head2 What if it doesn't work?
If you run into problems, try some of the following ideas.
it might well be a symptom of the gcc "varargs problem". See the
previous L<"varargs"> item.
-=item Solaris and SunOS dynamic loading
-
-If you have problems with dynamic loading using gcc on SunOS or
-Solaris, and you are using GNU as and GNU ld, you may need to add
--B/bin/ (for SunOS) or -B/usr/ccs/bin/ (for Solaris) to your
-$ccflags, $ldflags, and $lddlflags so that the system's versions of as
-and ld are used. Note that the trailing '/' is required.
-Alternatively, you can use the GCC_EXEC_PREFIX
-environment variable to ensure that Sun's as and ld are used. Consult
-your gcc documentation for further information on the -B option and
-the GCC_EXEC_PREFIX variable.
-
-One convenient way to ensure you are not using GNU as and ld is to
-invoke Configure with
-
- sh Configure -Dcc='gcc -B/usr/ccs/bin/'
-
-for Solaris systems. For a SunOS system, you must use -B/bin/
-instead.
-
-Alternatively, recent versions of GNU ld reportedly work if you
-include C<-Wl,-export-dynamic> in the ccdlflags variable in
-config.sh.
-
-=item ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error:
-
-If you get this message on SunOS or Solaris, and you're using gcc,
-it's probably the GNU as or GNU ld problem in the previous item
-L<"Solaris and SunOS dynamic loading">.
-
=item LD_LIBRARY_PATH
If you run into dynamic loading problems, check your setting of
fine with LD_LIBRARY_PATH unset, though that may depend on details
of your local set-up.
-=item dlopen: stub interception failed
-
-The primary cause of the 'dlopen: stub interception failed' message is
-that the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable includes a directory
-which is a symlink to /usr/lib (such as /lib).
-
-The reason this causes a problem is quite subtle. The file libdl.so.1.0
-actually *only* contains functions which generate 'stub interception
-failed' errors! The runtime linker intercepts links to
-"/usr/lib/libdl.so.1.0" and links in internal implementation of those
-functions instead. [Thanks to Tim Bunce for this explanation.]
-
=item nm extraction
If Configure seems to be having trouble finding library functions,
that any site is carrying a corrupted or incomplete source code
archive, please report it to the site's maintainer.
-This message can also be a symptom of using (say) a GNU tar compiled
-for SunOS4 on Solaris. When you run SunOS4 binaries on Solaris the
-run-time system magically alters pathnames matching m#lib/locale# - so
-when tar tries to create lib/locale.pm a differently-named file gets
-created instead.
-
-You may find the file under its assumed name and be able to rename it
-back. Or use Sun's tar to do the extract.
-
=item invalid token: ##
You are using a non-ANSI-compliant C compiler. See L<WARNING: This
version requires a compiler that supports ANSI C>.
-=item lib/locale.pm: No such file or directory
-
-See L<THIS PACKAGE SEEMS TO BE INCOMPLETE>.
-
=item Miscellaneous
Some additional things that have been reported for either perl4 or perl5:
tries to exercise the regular expression subsystem quite thoroughly,
and may well be far more demanding than your normal usage.
+=item Test failures from lib/ftmp-security saying "system possibly insecure"
+
+Firstly, test failures from the ftmp-security are not necessarily
+serious or indicative of a real security threat. That being said,
+they bear investigating.
+
+The tests may fail for the following reasons. Note that each of the
+tests is run both in the building directory and the temporary
+directory, as returned by File::Spec->tmpdir().
+
+(1) If the directory the tests are being run is owned by somebody else
+than the user running the tests, or root (uid 0). This failure can
+happen if the Perl source code distribution is unpacked in a way that
+the user ids in the distribution package are used as-is. Some tar
+programs do this.
+
+(2) If the directory the test are being run in is writable by group
+or by other (remember: with UNIX/POSIX semantics, write access to
+a directory means the right to add/remove files in that directory),
+and there is no sticky bit set in the directory. 'Sticky bit' is
+a feature used in some UNIXes to give extra protection to files: if
+the bit is on a directory, no one but the owner (or the root) can remove
+that file even if the permissions of the directory would allow file
+removal by others. This failure can happen if the permissions in the
+directory simply are a bit too liberal for the tests' liking. This
+may or may not be a real problem: it depends on the permissions policy
+used on this particular directory/project/system/site. This failure
+can also happen if the system either doesn't support the sticky bit
+(this is the case with many non-UNIX platforms: in principle the
+File::Temp should know about these platforms and skip the tests), or
+if the system supports the sticky bit but for some reason or reasons
+it is not being used. This is for example the case with HP-UX: as of
+HP-UX release 11.00, the sticky bit is very much supported, but HP-UX
+doesn't use it on its /tmp directory as shipped. Also as with the
+permissions, some local policy might dictate that the stickiness is
+not used.
+
+(3) If the system supports the POSIX 'chown giveaway' feature and if
+any of the parent directories of the temporary file back to the root
+directory are 'unsafe', using the definitions given above in (1) and
+(2).
+
+See the documentation for the File::Temp module for more information
+about the various security aspects.
+
=back
=head1 make install
make install will install the following:
+ binaries
+
perl,
perl5.nnn where nnn is the current release number. This
will be a link to perl.
suidperl,
sperl5.nnn If you requested setuid emulation.
a2p awk-to-perl translator
+
+ scripts
+
cppstdin This is used by perl -P, if your cc -E can't
read from stdin.
c2ph, pstruct Scripts for handling C structures in header files.
pl2pm Convert Perl 4 .pl files to Perl 5 .pm modules
pod2html, Converters from perl's pod documentation format
pod2latex, to other useful formats.
- pod2man, and
- pod2text
+ pod2man,
+ pod2text,
+ pod2checker,
+ pod2select,
+ pod2usage
splain Describe Perl warnings and errors
dprofpp Perl code profile post-processor
- library files in $privlib and $archlib specified to
+ library files
+
+ in $privlib and $archlib specified to
Configure, usually under /usr/local/lib/perl5/.
+
+ documentation
+
man pages in $man1dir, usually /usr/local/man/man1.
module man
pages in $man3dir, usually /usr/local/man/man3.
Installperl will also create the directories listed above
in L<"Installation Directories">.
-Perl's *.h header files and the libperl.a library are also installed
+Perl's *.h header files and the libperl library are also installed
under $archlib so that any user may later build new modules, run the
optional Perl compiler, or embed the perl interpreter into another
program even if the Perl source is no longer available.
+Sometimes you only want to install the version-specific parts of the perl
+installation. For example, you may wish to install a newer version of
+perl alongside an already installed production version of perl without
+disabling installation of new modules for the production version.
+To only install the version-specific parts of the perl installation, run
+
+ Configure -Dversiononly
+
+or answer 'y' to the appropriate Configure prompt. Alternatively,
+you can just manually run
+
+ ./perl installperl -v
+
+and skip installman altogether.
+See also L<"Maintaining completely separate versions"> for another
+approach.
+
=head1 Coexistence with earlier versions of perl5
In general, you can usually safely upgrade from one version of Perl (e.g.
If you have difficulty building perl, and none of the advice in this file
helps, and careful reading of the error message and the relevant manual
pages on your system doesn't help either, then you should send a message
-to either the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup or to perlbug@perl.com with
+to either the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup or to perlbug@perl.org with
an accurate description of your problem.
Please include the output of the ./myconfig shell script that comes with
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blobdiff