4 use File::Basename qw(&basename &dirname);
7 # List explicitly here the variables you want Configure to
8 # generate. Metaconfig only looks for shell variables, so you
9 # have to mention them as if they were shell variables, not
10 # %Config entries. Thus you write
12 # to ensure Configure will look for $Config{startperl}.
14 # This forces PL files to create target in same directory as PL file.
15 # This is so that make depend always knows where to find PL derivatives.
18 my $file = basename($0, '.PL');
19 $file .= '.com' if $^O eq 'VMS';
21 open OUT,">$file" or die "Can't create $file: $!";
23 print "Extracting $file (with variable substitutions)\n";
25 # In this section, perl variables will be expanded during extraction.
26 # You can use $Config{...} to use Configure variables.
28 print OUT <<"!GROK!THIS!";
30 eval 'exec $Config{perlpath} -S \$0 \${1+"\$@"}'
31 if \$running_under_some_shell;
34 # In the following, perl variables are not expanded during extraction.
36 print OUT <<'!NO!SUBS!';
42 h2xs - convert .h C header files to Perl extensions
46 B<h2xs> [B<OPTIONS> ...] [headerfile ... [extra_libraries]]
48 B<h2xs> B<-h>|B<-?>|B<--help>
52 I<h2xs> builds a Perl extension from C header files. The extension
53 will include functions which can be used to retrieve the value of any
54 #define statement which was in the C header files.
56 The I<module_name> will be used for the name of the extension. If
57 module_name is not supplied then the name of the first header file
58 will be used, with the first character capitalized.
60 If the extension might need extra libraries, they should be included
61 here. The extension Makefile.PL will take care of checking whether
62 the libraries actually exist and how they should be loaded. The extra
63 libraries should be specified in the form -lm -lposix, etc, just as on
64 the cc command line. By default, the Makefile.PL will search through
65 the library path determined by Configure. That path can be augmented
66 by including arguments of the form B<-L/another/library/path> in the
67 extra-libraries argument.
73 =item B<-A>, B<--omit-autoload>
75 Omit all autoload facilities. This is the same as B<-c> but also
76 removes the S<C<use AutoLoader>> statement from the .pm file.
78 =item B<-B>, B<--beta-version>
80 Use an alpha/beta style version number. Causes version number to
81 be "0.00_01" unless B<-v> is specified.
83 =item B<-C>, B<--omit-changes>
85 Omits creation of the F<Changes> file, and adds a HISTORY section to
88 =item B<-F>, B<--cpp-flags>=I<addflags>
90 Additional flags to specify to C preprocessor when scanning header for
91 function declarations. Writes these options in the generated F<Makefile.PL>
94 =item B<-M>, B<--func-mask>=I<regular expression>
96 selects functions/macros to process.
98 =item B<-O>, B<--overwrite-ok>
100 Allows a pre-existing extension directory to be overwritten.
102 =item B<-P>, B<--omit-pod>
104 Omit the autogenerated stub POD section.
106 =item B<-X>, B<--omit-XS>
108 Omit the XS portion. Used to generate templates for a module which is not
109 XS-based. C<-c> and C<-f> are implicitly enabled.
111 =item B<-a>, B<--gen-accessors>
113 Generate an accessor method for each element of structs and unions. The
114 generated methods are named after the element name; will return the current
115 value of the element if called without additional arguments; and will set
116 the element to the supplied value (and return the new value) if called with
117 an additional argument. Embedded structures and unions are returned as a
118 pointer rather than the complete structure, to facilitate chained calls.
120 These methods all apply to the Ptr type for the structure; additionally
121 two methods are constructed for the structure type itself, C<_to_ptr>
122 which returns a Ptr type pointing to the same structure, and a C<new>
123 method to construct and return a new structure, initialised to zeroes.
125 =item B<-b>, B<--compat-version>=I<version>
127 Generates a .pm file which is backwards compatible with the specified
130 For versions < 5.6.0, the changes are.
131 - no use of 'our' (uses 'use vars' instead)
134 Specifying a compatibility version higher than the version of perl you
135 are using to run h2xs will have no effect. If unspecified h2xs will default
136 to compatibility with the version of perl you are using to run h2xs.
138 =item B<-c>, B<--omit-constant>
140 Omit C<constant()> from the .xs file and corresponding specialised
141 C<AUTOLOAD> from the .pm file.
143 =item B<-d>, B<--debugging>
145 Turn on debugging messages.
147 =item B<-e>, B<--omit-enums>=[I<regular expression>]
149 If I<regular expression> is not given, skip all constants that are defined in
150 a C enumeration. Otherwise skip only those constants that are defined in an
151 enum whose name matches I<regular expression>.
153 Since I<regular expression> is optional, make sure that this switch is followed
154 by at least one other switch if you omit I<regular expression> and have some
155 pending arguments such as header-file names. This is ok:
157 h2xs -e -n Module::Foo foo.h
161 h2xs -n Module::Foo -e foo.h
163 In the latter, foo.h is taken as I<regular expression>.
165 =item B<-f>, B<--force>
167 Allows an extension to be created for a header even if that header is
168 not found in standard include directories.
170 =item B<-g>, B<--global>
172 Include code for safely storing static data in the .xs file.
173 Extensions that do no make use of static data can ignore this option.
175 =item B<-h>, B<-?>, B<--help>
177 Print the usage, help and version for this h2xs and exit.
179 =item B<-k>, B<--omit-const-func>
181 For function arguments declared as C<const>, omit the const attribute in the
184 =item B<-m>, B<--gen-tied-var>
186 B<Experimental>: for each variable declared in the header file(s), declare
187 a perl variable of the same name magically tied to the C variable.
189 =item B<-n>, B<--name>=I<module_name>
191 Specifies a name to be used for the extension, e.g., S<-n RPC::DCE>
193 =item B<-o>, B<--opaque-re>=I<regular expression>
195 Use "opaque" data type for the C types matched by the regular
196 expression, even if these types are C<typedef>-equivalent to types
197 from typemaps. Should not be used without B<-x>.
199 This may be useful since, say, types which are C<typedef>-equivalent
200 to integers may represent OS-related handles, and one may want to work
201 with these handles in OO-way, as in C<$handle-E<gt>do_something()>.
202 Use C<-o .> if you want to handle all the C<typedef>ed types as opaque
205 The type-to-match is whitewashed (except for commas, which have no
206 whitespace before them, and multiple C<*> which have no whitespace
209 =item B<-p>, B<--remove-prefix>=I<prefix>
211 Specify a prefix which should be removed from the Perl function names,
212 e.g., S<-p sec_rgy_> This sets up the XS B<PREFIX> keyword and removes
213 the prefix from functions that are autoloaded via the C<constant()>
216 =item B<-s>, B<--const-subs>=I<sub1,sub2>
218 Create a perl subroutine for the specified macros rather than autoload
219 with the constant() subroutine. These macros are assumed to have a
220 return type of B<char *>, e.g.,
221 S<-s sec_rgy_wildcard_name,sec_rgy_wildcard_sid>.
223 =item B<-t>, B<--default-type>=I<type>
225 Specify the internal type that the constant() mechanism uses for macros.
226 The default is IV (signed integer). Currently all macros found during the
227 header scanning process will be assumed to have this type. Future versions
228 of C<h2xs> may gain the ability to make educated guesses.
230 =item B<--use-new-tests>
232 When B<--compat-version> (B<-b>) is present the generated tests will use
233 C<Test::More> rather than C<Test> which is the default for versions before
234 5.7.2 . C<Test::More> will be added to PREREQ_PM in the generated
237 =item B<--use-old-tests>
239 Will force the generation of test code that uses the older C<Test> module.
241 =item B<--skip-exporter>
243 Do not use C<Exporter> and/or export any symbol.
245 =item B<--skip-ppport>
247 Do not use C<Devel::PPPort>: no portability to older version.
249 =item B<--skip-autoloader>
251 Do not use the module C<AutoLoader>; but keep the constant() function
252 and C<sub AUTOLOAD> for constants.
254 =item B<--skip-strict>
256 Do not use the pragma C<strict>.
258 =item B<--skip-warnings>
260 Do not use the pragma C<warnings>.
262 =item B<-v>, B<--version>=I<version>
264 Specify a version number for this extension. This version number is added
265 to the templates. The default is 0.01, or 0.00_01 if C<-B> is specified.
266 The version specified should be numeric.
268 =item B<-x>, B<--autogen-xsubs>
270 Automatically generate XSUBs basing on function declarations in the
271 header file. The package C<C::Scan> should be installed. If this
272 option is specified, the name of the header file may look like
273 C<NAME1,NAME2>. In this case NAME1 is used instead of the specified
274 string, but XSUBs are emitted only for the declarations included from
277 Note that some types of arguments/return-values for functions may
278 result in XSUB-declarations/typemap-entries which need
279 hand-editing. Such may be objects which cannot be converted from/to a
280 pointer (like C<long long>), pointers to functions, or arrays. See
281 also the section on L<LIMITATIONS of B<-x>>.
288 # Default behavior, extension is Rusers
291 # Same, but extension is RUSERS
292 h2xs -n RUSERS rpcsvc/rusers
294 # Extension is rpcsvc::rusers. Still finds <rpcsvc/rusers.h>
297 # Extension is ONC::RPC. Still finds <rpcsvc/rusers.h>
298 h2xs -n ONC::RPC rpcsvc/rusers
300 # Without constant() or AUTOLOAD
301 h2xs -c rpcsvc/rusers
303 # Creates templates for an extension named RPC
306 # Extension is ONC::RPC.
309 # Extension is Lib::Foo which works at least with Perl5.005_03.
310 # Constants are created for all #defines and enums h2xs can find
312 h2xs -b 5.5.3 -n Lib::Foo foo.h
314 # Extension is Lib::Foo which works at least with Perl5.005_03.
315 # Constants are created for all #defines but only for enums
316 # whose names do not start with 'bar_'.
317 h2xs -b 5.5.3 -e '^bar_' -n Lib::Foo foo.h
319 # Makefile.PL will look for library -lrpc in
320 # additional directory /opt/net/lib
321 h2xs rpcsvc/rusers -L/opt/net/lib -lrpc
323 # Extension is DCE::rgynbase
324 # prefix "sec_rgy_" is dropped from perl function names
325 h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ dce/rgynbase
327 # Extension is DCE::rgynbase
328 # prefix "sec_rgy_" is dropped from perl function names
329 # subroutines are created for sec_rgy_wildcard_name and
330 # sec_rgy_wildcard_sid
331 h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ \
332 -s sec_rgy_wildcard_name,sec_rgy_wildcard_sid dce/rgynbase
334 # Make XS without defines in perl.h, but with function declarations
335 # visible from perl.h. Name of the extension is perl1.
336 # When scanning perl.h, define -DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT(x)=
337 # Extra backslashes below because the string is passed to shell.
338 # Note that a directory with perl header files would
339 # be added automatically to include path.
340 h2xs -xAn perl1 -F "-DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT\(x\)=" perl.h
342 # Same with function declaration in proto.h as visible from perl.h.
343 h2xs -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
345 # Same but select only functions which match /^av_/
346 h2xs -M '^av_' -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
348 # Same but treat SV* etc as "opaque" types
349 h2xs -o '^[S]V \*$' -M '^av_' -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
351 =head2 Extension based on F<.h> and F<.c> files
353 Suppose that you have some C files implementing some functionality,
354 and the corresponding header files. How to create an extension which
355 makes this functionality accessible in Perl? The example below
356 assumes that the header files are F<interface_simple.h> and
357 I<interface_hairy.h>, and you want the perl module be named as
358 C<Ext::Ension>. If you need some preprocessor directives and/or
359 linking with external libraries, see the flags C<-F>, C<-L> and C<-l>
364 =item Find the directory name
366 Start with a dummy run of h2xs:
368 h2xs -Afn Ext::Ension
370 The only purpose of this step is to create the needed directories, and
371 let you know the names of these directories. From the output you can
372 see that the directory for the extension is F<Ext/Ension>.
376 Copy your header files and C files to this directory F<Ext/Ension>.
378 =item Create the extension
380 Run h2xs, overwriting older autogenerated files:
382 h2xs -Oxan Ext::Ension interface_simple.h interface_hairy.h
384 h2xs looks for header files I<after> changing to the extension
385 directory, so it will find your header files OK.
387 =item Archive and test
399 It is important to do C<make dist> as early as possible. This way you
400 can easily merge(1) your changes to autogenerated files if you decide
401 to edit your C<.h> files and rerun h2xs.
403 Do not forget to edit the documentation in the generated F<.pm> file.
405 Consider the autogenerated files as skeletons only, you may invent
406 better interfaces than what h2xs could guess.
408 Consider this section as a guideline only, some other options of h2xs
409 may better suit your needs.
415 No environment variables are used.
419 Larry Wall and others
423 L<perl>, L<perlxstut>, L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>, and L<AutoLoader>.
427 The usual warnings if it cannot read or write the files involved.
429 =head1 LIMITATIONS of B<-x>
431 F<h2xs> would not distinguish whether an argument to a C function
432 which is of the form, say, C<int *>, is an input, output, or
433 input/output parameter. In particular, argument declarations of the
440 should be better rewritten as
446 if C<n> is an input parameter.
448 Additionally, F<h2xs> has no facilities to intuit that a function
455 takes a pair of address and length of data at this address, so it is better
456 to rewrite this function as
466 RETVAL = foo(s, len);
476 char *s = SvPV(sv,len);
481 MODULE = foo PACKAGE = foo PREFIX = my_
487 See L<perlxs> and L<perlxstut> for additional details.
495 my( $H2XS_VERSION ) = ' $Revision: 1.23 $ ' =~ /\$Revision:\s+([^\s]+)/;
496 my $TEMPLATE_VERSION = '0.01';
498 my $compat_version = $];
503 $Text::Wrap::huge = 'overflow';
504 $Text::Wrap::columns = 80;
505 use ExtUtils::Constant qw (WriteConstants WriteMakefileSnippet autoload);
512 h2xs [OPTIONS ... ] [headerfile [extra_libraries]]
513 version: $H2XS_VERSION
515 -A, --omit-autoload Omit all autoloading facilities (implies -c).
516 -B, --beta-version Use beta \$VERSION of 0.00_01 (ignored if -v).
517 -C, --omit-changes Omit creating the Changes file, add HISTORY heading
519 -F, --cpp-flags Additional flags for C preprocessor/compile.
520 -M, --func-mask Mask to select C functions/macros
521 (default is select all).
522 -O, --overwrite-ok Allow overwriting of a pre-existing extension directory.
523 -P, --omit-pod Omit the stub POD section.
524 -X, --omit-XS Omit the XS portion (implies both -c and -f).
525 -a, --gen-accessors Generate get/set accessors for struct and union members
527 -b, --compat-version Specify a perl version to be backwards compatibile with.
528 -c, --omit-constant Omit the constant() function and specialised AUTOLOAD
530 -d, --debugging Turn on debugging messages.
531 -e, --omit-enums Omit constants from enums in the constant() function.
532 If a pattern is given, only the matching enums are
534 -f, --force Force creation of the extension even if the C header
536 -g, --global Include code for safely storing static data in the .xs file.
537 -h, -?, --help Display this help message.
538 -k, --omit-const-func Omit 'const' attribute on function arguments
540 -m, --gen-tied-var Generate tied variables for access to declared
542 -n, --name Specify a name to use for the extension (recommended).
543 -o, --opaque-re Regular expression for \"opaque\" types.
544 -p, --remove-prefix Specify a prefix which should be removed from the
546 -s, --const-subs Create subroutines for specified macros.
547 -t, --default-type Default type for autoloaded constants (default is IV).
548 --use-new-tests Use Test::More in backward compatible modules.
549 --use-old-tests Use the module Test rather than Test::More.
550 --skip-exporter Do not export symbols.
551 --skip-ppport Do not use portability layer.
552 --skip-autoloader Do not use the module C<AutoLoader>.
553 --skip-strict Do not use the pragma C<strict>.
554 --skip-warnings Do not use the pragma C<warnings>.
555 -v, --version Specify a version number for this extension.
556 -x, --autogen-xsubs Autogenerate XSUBs using C::Scan.
557 --use-xsloader Use XSLoader in backward compatible modules (ignored
561 are any libraries that might be needed for loading the
562 extension, e.g. -lm would try to link in the math library.
601 Getopt::Long::Configure('bundling');
602 Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through');
605 'omit-autoload|A' => \$opt_A,
606 'beta-version|B' => \$opt_B,
607 'omit-changes|C' => \$opt_C,
608 'cpp-flags|F=s' => \$opt_F,
609 'func-mask|M=s' => \$opt_M,
610 'overwrite_ok|O' => \$opt_O,
611 'omit-pod|P' => \$opt_P,
612 'omit-XS|X' => \$opt_X,
613 'gen-accessors|a' => \$opt_a,
614 'compat-version|b=s' => \$opt_b,
615 'omit-constant|c' => \$opt_c,
616 'debugging|d' => \$opt_d,
617 'omit-enums|e:s' => \$opt_e,
618 'force|f' => \$opt_f,
619 'global|g' => \$opt_g,
620 'help|h|?' => \$opt_h,
621 'omit-const-func|k' => \$opt_k,
622 'gen-tied-var|m' => \$opt_m,
623 'name|n=s' => \$opt_n,
624 'opaque-re|o=s' => \$opt_o,
625 'remove-prefix|p=s' => \$opt_p,
626 'const-subs|s=s' => \$opt_s,
627 'default-type|t=s' => \$opt_t,
628 'version|v=s' => \$opt_v,
629 'autogen-xsubs|x' => \$opt_x,
630 'use-new-tests' => \$new_test,
631 'use-old-tests' => \$old_test,
632 'skip-exporter' => \$skip_exporter,
633 'skip-ppport' => \$skip_ppport,
634 'skip-autoloader' => \$skip_autoloader,
635 'skip-warnings' => \$skip_warnings,
636 'skip-strict' => \$skip_strict,
637 'use-xsloader' => \$use_xsloader,
640 GetOptions(%options) || usage;
645 usage "You cannot use -b and -m at the same time.\n" if ($opt_b && $opt_m);
646 $opt_b =~ /^v?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)/ ||
647 usage "You must provide the backwards compatibility version in X.Y.Z form. "
649 my ($maj,$min,$sub) = ($1,$2,$3);
650 if ($maj < 5 || ($maj == 5 && $min < 6)) {
652 $sub ? sprintf("%d.%03d%02d",$maj,$min,$sub) :
653 sprintf("%d.%03d", $maj,$min);
656 $sub ? sprintf("%d.%03d%03d",$maj,$min,$sub) :
657 sprintf("%d.%03d", $maj,$min);
660 my ($maj,$min,$sub) = $compat_version =~ /(\d+)\.(\d\d\d)(\d*)/;
662 warn sprintf <<'EOF', $maj,$min,$sub;
663 Defaulting to backwards compatibility with perl %d.%d.%d
664 If you intend this module to be compatible with earlier perl versions, please
665 specify a minimum perl version with the -b option.
671 $TEMPLATE_VERSION = '0.00_01';
675 $TEMPLATE_VERSION = $opt_v;
677 # check if it is numeric
678 my $temp_version = $TEMPLATE_VERSION;
679 my $beta_version = $temp_version =~ s/(\d)_(\d\d)/$1$2/;
682 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { $notnum = 1 };
683 use warnings 'numeric';
684 $temp_version = 0+$temp_version;
688 my $module = $opt_n || 'Your::Module';
690 You have specified a non-numeric version. Unless you supply an
691 appropriate VERSION class method, users may not be able to specify a
692 minimum required version with C<use $module versionnum>.
697 $opt_B = $beta_version;
702 $skip_autoloader = $opt_c = 1 if $opt_A;
704 # -X implies -c and -f
705 $opt_c = $opt_f = 1 if $opt_X;
710 %const_xsub = map { $_,1 } split(/,+/, $opt_s) if $opt_s;
716 while (my $arg = shift) {
717 if ($arg =~ /^-l/i) {
718 $extralibs .= "$arg ";
725 usage "Must supply header file or module name\n"
726 unless (@path_h or $opt_n);
731 $fmask = qr{$opt_M} if defined $opt_M;
732 $tmask = qr{$opt_o} if defined $opt_o;
733 my $tmask_all = $tmask && $opt_o eq '.';
736 eval {require C::Scan; 1}
738 C::Scan required if you use -x option.
739 To install C::Scan, execute
740 perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan"
742 unless ($tmask_all) {
743 $C::Scan::VERSION >= 0.70
745 C::Scan v. 0.70 or later required unless you use -o . option.
746 You have version $C::Scan::VERSION installed as $INC{'C/Scan.pm'}.
747 To install C::Scan, execute
748 perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan"
751 if (($opt_m || $opt_a) && $C::Scan::VERSION < 0.73) {
753 C::Scan v. 0.73 or later required to use -m or -a options.
754 You have version $C::Scan::VERSION installed as $INC{'C/Scan.pm'}.
755 To install C::Scan, execute
756 perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan"
760 elsif ($opt_o or $opt_F) {
761 warn <<EOD if $opt_o;
762 Option -o does not make sense without -x.
764 warn <<EOD if $opt_F and $opt_X ;
765 Option -F does not make sense with -X.
769 my @path_h_ini = @path_h;
770 my ($name, %fullpath, %prefix, %seen_define, %prefixless, %const_names);
777 my $pre_sub_tri_graphs = 1;
778 if ($^O eq 'VMS') { # Consider overrides of default location
779 # XXXX This is not equivalent to what the older version did:
780 # it was looking at $hadsys header-file per header-file...
781 my($hadsys) = grep s!^sys/!!i , @path_h;
782 @paths = qw( Sys$Library VAXC$Include );
783 push @paths, ($hadsys ? 'GNU_CC_Include[vms]' : 'GNU_CC_Include[000000]');
784 push @paths, qw( DECC$Library_Include DECC$System_Include );
787 @paths = (File::Spec->curdir(), $Config{usrinc},
788 (split ' ', $Config{locincpth}), '/usr/include');
790 foreach my $path_h (@path_h) {
794 if ( $name !~ /::/ ) {
801 if( $path_h =~ s#::#/#g && $opt_n ){
802 warn "Nesting of headerfile ignored with -n\n";
804 $path_h .= ".h" unless $path_h =~ /\.h$/;
805 my $fullpath = $path_h;
806 $path_h =~ s/,.*$// if $opt_x;
807 $fullpath{$path_h} = $fullpath;
809 # Minor trickery: we can't chdir() before we processed the headers
810 # (so know the name of the extension), but the header may be in the
811 # extension directory...
812 my $tmp_path_h = $path_h;
813 my $rel_path_h = $path_h;
815 if (not -f $path_h) {
817 for my $dir (@paths) {
819 if -f ($path_h = File::Spec->catfile($dir, $tmp_path_h));
822 $rel_path_h = $path_h;
823 $fullpath{$path_h} = $fullpath;
825 (my $epath = $module) =~ s,::,/,g;
826 $epath = File::Spec->catdir('ext', $epath) if -d 'ext';
827 $rel_path_h = File::Spec->catfile($epath, $tmp_path_h);
828 $path_h = $tmp_path_h; # Used during -x
834 die "Can't find $tmp_path_h in @dirs\n"
835 if ( ! $opt_f && ! -f "$rel_path_h" );
836 # Scan the header file (we should deal with nested header files)
837 # Record the names of simple #define constants into const_names
838 # Function prototypes are processed below.
839 open(CH, "<$rel_path_h") || die "Can't open $rel_path_h: $!\n";
842 if ($pre_sub_tri_graphs) {
843 # Preprocess all tri-graphs
844 # including things stuck in quoted string constants.
845 s/\?\?=/#/g; # | ??=| #|
846 s/\?\?\!/|/g; # | ??!| ||
847 s/\?\?'/^/g; # | ??'| ^|
848 s/\?\?\(/[/g; # | ??(| [|
849 s/\?\?\)/]/g; # | ??)| ]|
850 s/\?\?\-/~/g; # | ??-| ~|
851 s/\?\?\//\\/g; # | ??/| \|
852 s/\?\?</{/g; # | ??<| {|
853 s/\?\?>/}/g; # | ??>| }|
855 if (/^[ \t]*#[ \t]*define\s+([\$\w]+)\b(?!\()\s*(?=[^"\s])(.*)/) {
858 $rest =~ s!/\*.*?(\*/|\n)|//.*!!g; # Remove comments
861 # Cannot do: (-1) and ((LHANDLE)3) are OK:
862 #print("Skip non-wordy $def => $rest\n"),
863 # next defines if $rest =~ /[^\w\$]/;
865 print("Skip stringy $def => $rest\n") if $opt_d;
868 print "Matched $_ ($def)\n" if $opt_d;
869 $seen_define{$def} = $rest;
871 next if /^_.*_h_*$/i; # special case, but for what?
872 if (defined $opt_p) {
873 if (!/^$opt_p(\d)/) {
874 ++$prefix{$_} if s/^$opt_p//;
877 warn "can't remove $opt_p prefix from '$_'!\n";
880 $prefixless{$def} = $_;
881 if (!$fmask or /$fmask/) {
882 print "... Passes mask of -M.\n" if $opt_d and $fmask;
887 if (defined $opt_e and !$opt_e) {
891 # Work from miniperl too - on "normal" systems
892 my $SEEK_SET = eval 'use Fcntl qw/SEEK_SET/; SEEK_SET' or 0;
893 seek CH, 0, $SEEK_SET;
894 my $src = do { local $/; <CH> };
896 no warnings 'uninitialized';
898 # Remove C and C++ comments
899 $src =~ s#/\*[^*]*\*+([^/*][^*]*\*+)*/|("(\\.|[^"\\])*"|'(\\.|[^'\\])*'|.[^/"'\\]*)#$2#gs;
901 while ($src =~ /\benum\s*([\w_]*)\s*\{\s([^}]+)\}/gsc) {
902 my ($enum_name, $enum_body) = ($1, $2);
903 # skip enums matching $opt_e
904 next if $opt_e && $enum_name =~ /$opt_e/;
906 for my $item (split /,/, $enum_body) {
907 my ($key, $declared_val) = $item =~ /(\w+)\s*(?:=\s*(.*))?/;
908 $val = defined($declared_val) && length($declared_val) ? $declared_val : 1 + $val;
909 $seen_define{$key} = $val;
910 $const_names{$key}++;
913 } # if (!defined $opt_e or $opt_e)
918 # Save current directory so that C::Scan can use it
919 my $cwd = File::Spec->rel2abs( File::Spec->curdir );
921 # As Ilya suggested, use a name that contains - and then it can't clash with
922 # the names of any packages. A directory 'fallback' will clash with any
923 # new pragmata down the fallback:: tree, but that seems unlikely.
924 my $constscfname = 'const-c.inc';
925 my $constsxsfname = 'const-xs.inc';
926 my $fallbackdirname = 'fallback';
928 my $ext = chdir 'ext' ? 'ext/' : '';
930 my @modparts = split(/::/,$module);
931 my $modpname = join('-', @modparts);
932 my $modfname = pop @modparts;
933 my $modpmdir = join '/', 'lib', @modparts;
934 my $modpmname = join '/', $modpmdir, $modfname.'.pm';
937 warn "Overwriting existing $ext$modpname!!!\n" if -e $modpname;
940 die "Won't overwrite existing $ext$modpname\n" if -e $modpname;
942 -d "$modpname" || mkpath([$modpname], 0, 0775);
943 chdir($modpname) || die "Can't chdir $ext$modpname: $!\n";
948 my $fdecls_parsed = [];
955 my @fnames_no_prefix;
959 if( ! $opt_X ){ # use XS, unless it was disabled
960 unless ($skip_ppport) {
961 require Devel::PPPort;
962 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/ppport.h\n";
963 Devel::PPPort::WriteFile('ppport.h')
964 || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/ppport.h: $!\n";
966 open(XS, ">$modfname.xs") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$modfname.xs: $!\n";
968 warn "Scanning typemaps...\n";
972 my $addflags = $opt_F || '';
974 foreach my $filename (@path_h) {
978 if ($fullpath{$filename} =~ /,/) {
982 warn "Scanning $filename for functions...\n";
983 my @styles = $Config{gccversion} ? qw(C++ C9X GNU) : qw(C++ C9X);
984 $c = new C::Scan 'filename' => $filename, 'filename_filter' => $filter,
985 'add_cppflags' => $addflags, 'c_styles' => \@styles;
986 $c->set('includeDirs' => ["$Config::Config{archlib}/CORE", $cwd]);
988 $c->get('keywords')->{'__restrict'} = 1;
990 push @$fdecls_parsed, @{ $c->get('parsed_fdecls') };
991 push(@$fdecls, @{$c->get('fdecls')});
993 push @td, @{$c->get('typedefs_maybe')};
995 my $structs = $c->get('typedef_structs');
996 @structs{keys %$structs} = values %$structs;
1000 %vdecl_hash = %{ $c->get('vdecl_hash') };
1001 @vdecls = sort keys %vdecl_hash;
1002 for (local $_ = 0; $_ < @vdecls; ++$_) {
1003 my $var = $vdecls[$_];
1004 my($type, $post) = @{ $vdecl_hash{$var} };
1005 if (defined $post) {
1006 warn "Can't handle variable '$type $var $post', skipping.\n";
1007 splice @vdecls, $_, 1;
1010 $type = normalize_type($type);
1011 $vdecl_hash{$var} = $type;
1015 unless ($tmask_all) {
1016 warn "Scanning $filename for typedefs...\n";
1017 my $td = $c->get('typedef_hash');
1018 # eval {require 'dumpvar.pl'; ::dumpValue($td)} or warn $@ if $opt_d;
1019 my @f_good_td = grep $td->{$_}[1] eq '', keys %$td;
1020 push @good_td, @f_good_td;
1021 @typedefs_pre{@f_good_td} = map $_->[0], @$td{@f_good_td};
1025 $typedef_rex = qr(\b(?<!struct )(?:@good_td)\b) if @good_td;
1027 %known_fnames = map @$_[1,3], @$fdecls_parsed; # [1,3] is NAME, FULLTEXT
1030 for my $i (0..$#$fdecls_parsed) {
1031 next unless $fdecls_parsed->[$i][1] =~ /$fmask/; # [1] is NAME
1033 print "... Function $fdecls_parsed->[$i][1] passes -M mask.\n"
1036 $fdecls = [@$fdecls[@good]];
1037 $fdecls_parsed = [@$fdecls_parsed[@good]];
1039 @fnames = sort map $_->[1], @$fdecls_parsed; # 1 is NAME
1040 # Sort declarations:
1042 my %h = map( ($_->[1], $_), @$fdecls_parsed);
1043 $fdecls_parsed = [ @h{@fnames} ];
1045 @fnames_no_prefix = @fnames;
1047 = sort map { ++$prefix{$_} if s/^$opt_p(?!\d)//; $_ } @fnames_no_prefix
1049 # Remove macros which expand to typedefs
1050 print "Typedefs are @td.\n" if $opt_d;
1051 my %td = map {($_, $_)} @td;
1052 # Add some other possible but meaningless values for macros
1053 for my $k (qw(char double float int long short unsigned signed void)) {
1054 $td{"$_$k"} = "$_$k" for ('', 'signed ', 'unsigned ');
1056 # eval {require 'dumpvar.pl'; ::dumpValue( [\@td, \%td] ); 1} or warn $@;
1059 while (keys %td > $n) {
1062 while (($k, $v) = each %seen_define) {
1063 # print("found '$k'=>'$v'\n"),
1064 $bad_macs{$k} = $td{$k} = $td{$v} if exists $td{$v};
1067 # Now %bad_macs contains names of bad macros
1068 for my $k (keys %bad_macs) {
1069 delete $const_names{$prefixless{$k}};
1070 print "Ignoring macro $k which expands to a typedef name '$bad_macs{$k}'\n" if $opt_d;
1074 my @const_names = sort keys %const_names;
1076 -d $modpmdir || mkpath([$modpmdir], 0, 0775);
1077 open(PM, ">$modpmname") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$modpmname: $!\n";
1080 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$modpmname\n";
1085 use $compat_version;
1088 print PM <<"END" unless $skip_strict;
1092 print PM "use warnings;\n" unless $skip_warnings or $compat_version < 5.006;
1094 unless( $opt_X || $opt_c || $opt_A ){
1095 # we'll have an AUTOLOAD(), and it will have $AUTOLOAD and
1102 print PM <<'END' unless $skip_exporter;
1107 my $use_Dyna = (not $opt_X and $compat_version < 5.006 and not $use_xsloader);
1108 print PM <<"END" if $use_Dyna; # use DynaLoader, unless XS was disabled
1113 # Are we using AutoLoader or not?
1114 unless ($skip_autoloader) { # no autoloader whatsoever.
1115 unless ($opt_c) { # we're doing the AUTOLOAD
1116 print PM "use AutoLoader;\n";
1119 print PM "use AutoLoader qw(AUTOLOAD);\n"
1123 if ( $compat_version < 5.006 ) {
1124 my $vars = '$VERSION @ISA';
1125 $vars .= ' @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS' unless $skip_exporter;
1126 $vars .= ' $AUTOLOAD' unless $opt_X || $opt_c || $opt_A;
1127 $vars .= ' $XS_VERSION' if $opt_B && !$opt_X;
1128 print PM "use vars qw($vars);";
1133 push @modISA, 'Exporter' unless $skip_exporter;
1134 push @modISA, 'DynaLoader' if $use_Dyna; # no XS
1135 my $myISA = "our \@ISA = qw(@modISA);";
1136 $myISA =~ s/^our // if $compat_version < 5.006;
1138 print PM "\n$myISA\n\n";
1140 my @exported_names = (@const_names, @fnames_no_prefix, map '$'.$_, @vdecls);
1143 $tmp .= <<"END" unless $skip_exporter;
1144 # Items to export into callers namespace by default. Note: do not export
1145 # names by default without a very good reason. Use EXPORT_OK instead.
1146 # Do not simply export all your public functions/methods/constants.
1148 # This allows declaration use $module ':all';
1149 # If you do not need this, moving things directly into \@EXPORT or \@EXPORT_OK
1151 our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 'all' => [ qw(
1155 our \@EXPORT_OK = ( \@{ \$EXPORT_TAGS{'all'} } );
1163 $tmp .= "our \$VERSION = '$TEMPLATE_VERSION';\n";
1165 $tmp .= "our \$XS_VERSION = \$VERSION;\n" unless $opt_X;
1166 $tmp .= "\$VERSION = eval \$VERSION; # see L<perlmodstyle>\n";
1170 $tmp =~ s/^our //mg if $compat_version < 5.006;
1174 printf PM "our(@{[ join ', ', map '$'.$_, @vdecls ]});\n\n";
1178 print PM autoload ($module, $compat_version) unless $opt_c or $opt_X;
1180 if( ! $opt_X ){ # print bootstrap, unless XS is disabled
1183 bootstrap $module \$VERSION;
1188 XSLoader::load('$module', \$VERSION);
1191 $tmp =~ s:\$VERSION:\$XS_VERSION:g if $opt_B;
1195 # tying the variables can happen only after bootstrap
1199 @{[ join "\n", map " _tievar_$_(\$$_);", @vdecls ]}
1206 if( $opt_P ){ # if POD is disabled
1215 # Preloaded methods go here.
1218 print PM <<"END" unless $opt_A;
1220 # Autoload methods go after $after, and are processed by the autosplit program.
1229 my ($email,$author,$licence);
1233 ($username,$author) = (getpwuid($>))[0,6];
1234 if (defined $username && defined $author) {
1235 $author =~ s/,.*$//; # in case of sub fields
1236 my $domain = $Config{'mydomain'};
1238 $email = "$username\@$domain";
1242 $author ||= "A. U. Thor";
1243 $email ||= 'a.u.thor@a.galaxy.far.far.away';
1245 $licence = sprintf << "DEFAULT", $^V;
1246 Copyright (C) ${\(1900 + (localtime) [5])} by $author
1248 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
1249 it under the same terms as Perl itself, either Perl version %vd or,
1250 at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have available.
1254 $revhist = <<EOT if $opt_C;
1260 #=item $TEMPLATE_VERSION
1262 #Original version; created by h2xs $H2XS_VERSION with options
1270 my $exp_doc = $skip_exporter ? '' : <<EOD;
1278 if (@const_names and not $opt_P) {
1279 $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter;
1280 #=head2 Exportable constants
1282 # @{[join "\n ", @const_names]}
1287 if (defined $fdecls and @$fdecls and not $opt_P) {
1288 $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter;
1289 #=head2 Exportable functions
1293 # $exp_doc .= <<EOD if $opt_p;
1294 #When accessing these functions from Perl, prefix C<$opt_p> should be removed.
1297 $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter;
1298 # @{[join "\n ", @known_fnames{@fnames}]}
1305 if ($opt_x && $opt_a) {
1307 $meth_doc .= accessor_docs($name, $struct)
1308 while ($name, $struct) = each %structs;
1311 # Prefix the default licence with hash symbols.
1312 # Is this just cargo cult - it seems that the first thing that happens to this
1313 # block is that all the hashes are then s///g out.
1314 my $licence_hash = $licence;
1315 $licence_hash =~ s/^/#/gm;
1318 $pod = <<"END" unless $opt_P;
1319 ## Below is stub documentation for your module. You'd better edit it!
1323 #$module - Perl extension for blah blah blah
1332 #Stub documentation for $module, created by h2xs. It looks like the
1333 #author of the extension was negligent enough to leave the stub
1337 $exp_doc$meth_doc$revhist
1341 #Mention other useful documentation such as the documentation of
1342 #related modules or operating system documentation (such as man pages
1343 #in UNIX), or any relevant external documentation such as RFCs or
1346 #If you have a mailing list set up for your module, mention it here.
1348 #If you have a web site set up for your module, mention it here.
1352 #$author, E<lt>${email}E<gt>
1354 #=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
1361 $pod =~ s/^\#//gm unless $opt_P;
1362 print PM $pod unless $opt_P;
1367 if( ! $opt_X ){ # print XS, unless it is disabled
1368 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$modfname.xs\n";
1377 print XS <<"END" unless $skip_ppport;
1383 foreach my $path_h (@path_h_ini) {
1385 $h =~ s#^/usr/include/##;
1386 if ($^O eq 'VMS') { $h =~ s#.*vms\]#sys/# or $h =~ s#.*[:>\]]##; }
1387 print XS qq{#include <$h>\n};
1392 print XS <<"END" if $opt_g;
1396 #define MY_CXT_KEY "${module}::_guts" XS_VERSION
1399 /* Put Global Data in here */
1400 int dummy; /* you can access this elsewhere as MY_CXT.dummy */
1407 my %pointer_typedefs;
1408 my %struct_typedefs;
1412 my $out = $pointer_typedefs{$type};
1413 return $out if defined $out;
1415 $out = ($type =~ /\*$/);
1416 # This converts only the guys which do not have trailing part in the typedef
1418 and $typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) {
1419 $type = normalize_type($type);
1420 print "Is-Pointer: Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n"
1422 $out = td_is_pointer($type);
1424 return ($pointer_typedefs{$otype} = $out);
1429 my $out = $struct_typedefs{$type};
1430 return $out if defined $out;
1432 $out = ($type =~ /^(struct|union)\b/) && !td_is_pointer($type);
1433 # This converts only the guys which do not have trailing part in the typedef
1435 and $typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) {
1436 $type = normalize_type($type);
1437 print "Is-Struct: Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n"
1439 $out = td_is_struct($type);
1441 return ($struct_typedefs{$otype} = $out);
1444 print_tievar_subs(\*XS, $_, $vdecl_hash{$_}) for @vdecls;
1447 # We write the "sample" files used when this module is built by perl without
1448 # ExtUtils::Constant.
1449 # h2xs will later check that these are the same as those generated by the
1450 # code embedded into Makefile.PL
1451 unless (-d $fallbackdirname) {
1452 mkdir "$fallbackdirname" or die "Cannot mkdir $fallbackdirname: $!\n";
1454 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$constscfname\n";
1455 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$constsxsfname\n";
1456 my $cfallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $constscfname);
1457 my $xsfallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $constsxsfname);
1458 WriteConstants ( C_FILE => $cfallback,
1459 XS_FILE => $xsfallback,
1460 DEFAULT_TYPE => $opt_t,
1462 NAMES => \@const_names,
1464 print XS "#include \"$constscfname\"\n";
1468 my $prefix = defined $opt_p ? "PREFIX = $opt_p" : '';
1470 # Now switch from C to XS by issuing the first MODULE declaration:
1473 MODULE = $module PACKAGE = $module $prefix
1477 # If a constant() function was #included then output a corresponding
1479 print XS "INCLUDE: $constsxsfname\n" unless $opt_c;
1481 print XS <<"END" if $opt_g;
1486 /* If any of the fields in the my_cxt_t struct need
1487 to be initialised, do it here.
1493 foreach (sort keys %const_xsub) {
1502 croak("Your vendor has not defined the $module macro $_");
1517 my ($type, $name, $args) = @$decl;
1518 return if $seen_decl{$name}++; # Need to do the same for docs as well?
1520 my @argnames = map {$_->[1]} @$args;
1521 my @argtypes = map { normalize_type( $_->[0], 1 ) } @$args;
1523 s/^\s*const\b\s*// for @argtypes;
1525 my @argarrays = map { $_->[4] || '' } @$args;
1526 my $numargs = @$args;
1527 if ($numargs and $argtypes[-1] eq '...') {
1529 $argnames[-1] = '...';
1532 $type = normalize_type($type, 1);
1540 for my $arg (0 .. $numargs - 1) {
1542 $argtypes[$arg] $argnames[$arg]$argarrays[$arg]
1547 sub print_tievar_subs {
1548 my($fh, $name, $type) = @_;
1551 _get_$name(IV index, SV *sv) {
1556 (void)call_pv("$module\::_get_$name", G_DISCARD);
1561 _set_$name(IV index, SV *sv) {
1566 (void)call_pv("$module\::_set_$name", G_DISCARD);
1573 sub print_tievar_xsubs {
1574 my($fh, $name, $type) = @_;
1582 uf.uf_val = &_get_$name;
1583 uf.uf_set = &_set_$name;
1584 uf.uf_index = (IV)&_get_$name;
1585 sv_magic(sv, 0, 'U', (char*)&uf, sizeof(uf));
1589 $type THIS = NO_INIT
1605 sub print_accessors {
1606 my($fh, $name, $struct) = @_;
1607 return unless defined $struct && $name !~ /\s|_ANON/;
1608 $name = normalize_type($name);
1609 my $ptrname = normalize_type("$name *");
1612 MODULE = $module PACKAGE = ${name} $prefix
1616 $name THIS = NO_INIT
1619 if (sv_derived_from(ST(0), "$name")) {
1621 char *s = SvPV((SV*)SvRV(ST(0)), len);
1622 if (len != sizeof(THIS))
1623 croak("Size \%d of packed data != expected \%d",
1625 RETVAL = ($name *)s;
1628 croak("THIS is not of type $name");
1634 char *CLASS = NO_INIT
1637 Zero((void*)&RETVAL, sizeof(RETVAL), char);
1641 MODULE = $module PACKAGE = ${name}Ptr $prefix
1644 my @items = @$struct;
1646 my $item = shift @items;
1647 if ($item->[0] =~ /_ANON/) {
1648 if (defined $item->[2]) {
1650 @$_[0, 1], "$item->[2]_$_->[2]", "$item->[2].$_->[2]",
1651 ], @{ $structs{$item->[0]} };
1653 push @items, @{ $structs{$item->[0]} };
1656 my $type = normalize_type($item->[0]);
1657 my $ttype = $structs{$type} ? normalize_type("$type *") : $type;
1660 $item->[2](THIS, __value = NO_INIT)
1666 THIS->$item->[-1] = __value;
1668 $type eq $ttype ? "THIS->$item->[-1]" : "&(THIS->$item->[-1])"
1679 my($name, $struct) = @_;
1680 return unless defined $struct && $name !~ /\s|_ANON/;
1681 $name = normalize_type($name);
1682 my $ptrname = $name . 'Ptr';
1683 my @items = @$struct;
1686 my $item = shift @items;
1687 if ($item->[0] =~ /_ANON/) {
1688 if (defined $item->[2]) {
1690 @$_[0, 1], "$item->[2]_$_->[2]", "$item->[2].$_->[2]",
1691 ], @{ $structs{$item->[0]} };
1693 push @items, @{ $structs{$item->[0]} };
1696 push @list, $item->[2];
1699 my $methods = (join '(...)>, C<', @list) . '(...)';
1703 #=head2 Object and class methods for C<$name>/C<$ptrname>
1705 #The principal Perl representation of a C object of type C<$name> is an
1706 #object of class C<$ptrname> which is a reference to an integer
1707 #representation of a C pointer. To create such an object, one may use
1710 # my \$buffer = $name->new();
1711 # my \$obj = \$buffer->_to_ptr();
1713 #This exersizes the following two methods, and an additional class
1714 #C<$name>, the internal representation of which is a reference to a
1715 #packed string with the C structure. Keep in mind that \$buffer should
1716 #better survive longer than \$obj.
1720 #=item C<\$object_of_type_$name-E<gt>_to_ptr()>
1722 #Converts an object of type C<$name> to an object of type C<$ptrname>.
1724 #=item C<$name-E<gt>new()>
1726 #Creates an empty object of type C<$name>. The corresponding packed
1727 #string is zeroed out.
1731 #return the current value of the corresponding element if called
1732 #without additional arguments. Set the element to the supplied value
1733 #(and return the new value) if called with an additional argument.
1735 #Applicable to objects of type C<$ptrname>.
1744 # Should be called before any actual call to normalize_type().
1746 # We do not want to read ./typemap by obvios reasons.
1747 my @tm = qw(../../../typemap ../../typemap ../typemap);
1748 my $stdtypemap = "$Config::Config{privlib}/ExtUtils/typemap";
1749 unshift @tm, $stdtypemap;
1750 my $proto_re = "[" . quotemeta('\$%&*@;') . "]" ;
1752 # Start with useful default values
1753 $typemap{float} = 'T_NV';
1755 foreach my $typemap (@tm) {
1756 next unless -e $typemap ;
1757 # skip directories, binary files etc.
1758 warn " Scanning $typemap\n";
1759 warn("Warning: ignoring non-text typemap file '$typemap'\n"), next
1760 unless -T $typemap ;
1761 open(TYPEMAP, $typemap)
1762 or warn ("Warning: could not open typemap file '$typemap': $!\n"), next;
1763 my $mode = 'Typemap';
1766 if (/^INPUT\s*$/) { $mode = 'Input'; next; }
1767 elsif (/^OUTPUT\s*$/) { $mode = 'Output'; next; }
1768 elsif (/^TYPEMAP\s*$/) { $mode = 'Typemap'; next; }
1769 elsif ($mode eq 'Typemap') {
1770 next if /^\s*($|\#)/ ;
1772 if ( ($type, $image) =
1773 /^\s*(.*?\S)\s+(\S+)\s*($proto_re*)\s*$/o
1774 # This may reference undefined functions:
1775 and not ($image eq 'T_PACKED' and $typemap eq $stdtypemap)) {
1776 $typemap{normalize_type($type)} = $image;
1780 close(TYPEMAP) or die "Cannot close $typemap: $!";
1782 %std_types = %types_seen;
1787 sub normalize_type { # Second arg: do not strip const's before \*
1789 my $do_keep_deep_const = shift;
1790 # If $do_keep_deep_const this is heuristical only
1791 my $keep_deep_const = ($do_keep_deep_const ? '\b(?![^(,)]*\*)' : '');
1793 = "(?:\\b(?:(?:__const__|const)$keep_deep_const|static|inline|__inline__)\\b\\s*)*";
1794 if ($do_keep_deep_const) { # Keep different compiled /RExen/o separately!
1795 $type =~ s/$ignore_mods//go;
1798 $type =~ s/$ignore_mods//go;
1800 $type =~ s/([^\s\w])/ $1 /g;
1804 $type =~ s/\* (?=\*)/*/g;
1805 $type =~ s/\. \. \./.../g;
1807 $types_seen{$type}++
1808 unless $type eq '...' or $type eq 'void' or $std_types{$type};
1814 sub assign_typemap_entry {
1818 if ($tmask and $type =~ /$tmask/) {
1819 print "Type $type matches -o mask\n" if $opt_d;
1820 $entry = (td_is_struct($type) ? "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT" : "T_PTROBJ");
1822 elsif ($typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) {
1823 $type = normalize_type $type;
1824 print "Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n" if $opt_d;
1825 $entry = assign_typemap_entry($type);
1827 # XXX good do better if our UV happens to be long long
1828 return "T_NV" if $type =~ /^(unsigned\s+)?long\s+(long|double)\z/;
1829 $entry ||= $typemap{$otype}
1830 || (td_is_struct($type) ? "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT" : "T_PTROBJ");
1831 $typemap{$otype} = $entry;
1832 $need_opaque = 1 if $entry eq "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT";
1837 print_tievar_xsubs(\*XS, $_, $vdecl_hash{$_});
1841 for my $decl (@$fdecls_parsed) { print_decl(\*XS, $decl) }
1843 while (my($name, $struct) = each %structs) {
1844 print_accessors(\*XS, $name, $struct);
1853 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/typemap\n";
1854 open TM, ">typemap" or die "Cannot open typemap file for write: $!";
1856 for $type (sort keys %types_seen) {
1857 my $entry = assign_typemap_entry $type;
1858 print TM $type, "\t" x (5 - int((length $type)/8)), "\t$entry\n"
1861 print TM <<'EOP' if $need_opaque; # Older Perls do not have correct entry
1862 #############################################################################
1865 if (sv_derived_from($arg, \"${ntype}\")) {
1867 char *s = SvPV((SV*)SvRV($arg), len);
1869 if (len != sizeof($var))
1870 croak(\"Size %d of packed data != expected %d\",
1875 croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
1876 #############################################################################
1879 sv_setref_pvn($arg, \"${ntype}\", (char *)&$var, sizeof($var));
1882 close TM or die "Cannot close typemap file for write: $!";
1887 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL\n";
1888 open(PL, ">Makefile.PL") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL: $!\n";
1892 if ( $compat_version < 5.00702 and $new_test )
1894 $prereq_pm .= q%'Test::More' => 0, %;
1897 if ( $compat_version < 5.00600 and !$opt_X and $use_xsloader)
1899 $prereq_pm .= q%'XSLoader' => 0, %;
1903 use $compat_version;
1904 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
1905 # See lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm for details of how to influence
1906 # the contents of the Makefile that is written.
1909 VERSION_FROM => '$modpmname', # finds \$VERSION
1910 PREREQ_PM => {$prereq_pm}, # e.g., Module::Name => 1.1
1911 (\$] >= 5.005 ? ## Add these new keywords supported since 5.005
1912 (ABSTRACT_FROM => '$modpmname', # retrieve abstract from module
1913 AUTHOR => '$author <$email>') : ()),
1915 if (!$opt_X) { # print C stuff, unless XS is disabled
1916 $opt_F = '' unless defined $opt_F;
1917 my $I = (((glob '*.h') || (glob '*.hh')) ? '-I.' : '');
1918 my $Ihelp = ($I ? '-I. ' : '');
1919 my $Icomment = ($I ? '' : <<EOC);
1920 # Insert -I. if you add *.h files later:
1924 LIBS => ['$extralibs'], # e.g., '-lm'
1925 DEFINE => '$opt_F', # e.g., '-DHAVE_SOMETHING'
1926 $Icomment INC => '$I', # e.g., '${Ihelp}-I/usr/include/other'
1929 my $C = grep {$_ ne "$modfname.c"}
1930 (glob '*.c'), (glob '*.cc'), (glob '*.C');
1931 my $Cpre = ($C ? '' : '# ');
1932 my $Ccomment = ($C ? '' : <<EOC);
1933 # Un-comment this if you add C files to link with later:
1937 $Ccomment ${Cpre}OBJECT => '\$(O_FILES)', # link all the C files too
1943 WriteMakefileSnippet ( C_FILE => $constscfname,
1944 XS_FILE => $constsxsfname,
1945 DEFAULT_TYPE => $opt_t,
1947 NAMES => \@const_names,
1950 if (eval {require ExtUtils::Constant; 1}) {
1951 # If you edit these definitions to change the constants used by this module,
1952 # you will need to use the generated $constscfname and $constsxsfname
1953 # files to replace their "fallback" counterparts before distributing your
1960 foreach my \$file ('$constscfname', '$constsxsfname') {
1961 my \$fallback = File::Spec->catfile('$fallbackdirname', \$file);
1962 copy (\$fallback, \$file) or die "Can't copy \$fallback to \$file: \$!";
1967 eval $generate_code;
1970 Attempting to test constant code in $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL:
1973 gave unexpected error $@
1974 Please report the circumstances of this bug in h2xs version $H2XS_VERSION
1975 using the perlbug script.
1980 foreach my $file ($constscfname, $constsxsfname) {
1981 my $fallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $file);
1982 if (compare($file, $fallback)) {
1984 Files "$ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$file" and "$ext$modpname/$file" differ.
1990 warn fill ('','', <<"EOM") . "\n";
1991 It appears that the code in $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL does not autogenerate
1992 the files $ext$modpname/$constscfname and $ext$modpname/$constsxsfname
1995 Please report the circumstances of this bug in h2xs version $H2XS_VERSION
1996 using the perlbug script.
1999 unlink $constscfname, $constsxsfname;
2003 close(PL) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL: $!\n";
2005 # Create a simple README since this is a CPAN requirement
2006 # and it doesnt hurt to have one
2007 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/README\n";
2008 open(RM, ">README") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/README:$!\n";
2009 my $thisyear = (gmtime)[5] + 1900;
2010 my $rmhead = "$modpname version $TEMPLATE_VERSION";
2011 my $rmheadeq = "=" x length($rmhead);
2015 if ( $compat_version < 5.00702 and $new_test )
2017 $rm_prereq = 'Test::More';
2021 $rm_prereq = 'blah blah blah';
2028 The README is used to introduce the module and provide instructions on
2029 how to install the module, any machine dependencies it may have (for
2030 example C compilers and installed libraries) and any other information
2031 that should be provided before the module is installed.
2033 A README file is required for CPAN modules since CPAN extracts the
2034 README file from a module distribution so that people browsing the
2035 archive can use it get an idea of the modules uses. It is usually a
2036 good idea to provide version information here so that people can
2037 decide whether fixes for the module are worth downloading.
2041 To install this module type the following:
2050 This module requires these other modules and libraries:
2054 COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
2056 Put the correct copyright and licence information here.
2061 close(RM) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/README: $!\n";
2064 my $testfile = "$testdir/$modpname.t";
2065 unless (-d "$testdir") {
2066 mkdir "$testdir" or die "Cannot mkdir $testdir: $!\n";
2068 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$testfile\n";
2069 my $tests = @const_names ? 2 : 1;
2071 open EX, ">$testfile" or die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$testfile: $!\n";
2074 # Before `make install' is performed this script should be runnable with
2075 # `make test'. After `make install' it should work as `perl $modpname.t'
2077 #########################
2079 # change 'tests => $tests' to 'tests => last_test_to_print';
2083 my $test_mod = 'Test::More';
2085 if ( $old_test or ($compat_version < 5.007 and not $new_test ))
2087 my $test_mod = 'Test';
2091 BEGIN { plan tests => $tests };
2093 ok(1); # If we made it this far, we're ok.
2098 my $const_names = join " ", @const_names;
2102 foreach my $constname (qw(
2105 print EX wrap ("\t", "\t", $const_names);
2106 print EX (")) {\n");
2109 next if (eval "my \\\$a = \$constname; 1");
2110 if (\$\@ =~ /^Your vendor has not defined $module macro \$constname/) {
2111 print "# pass: \$\@";
2113 print "# fail: \$\@";
2118 print "not ok 2\\n";
2129 use Test::More tests => $tests;
2130 BEGIN { use_ok('$module') };
2135 my $const_names = join " ", @const_names;
2139 foreach my $constname (qw(
2142 print EX wrap ("\t", "\t", $const_names);
2143 print EX (")) {\n");
2146 next if (eval "my \\\$a = \$constname; 1");
2147 if (\$\@ =~ /^Your vendor has not defined $module macro \$constname/) {
2148 print "# pass: \$\@";
2150 print "# fail: \$\@";
2156 ok( \$fail == 0 , 'Constants' );
2162 #########################
2164 # Insert your test code below, the $test_mod module is use()ed here so read
2165 # its man page ( perldoc $test_mod ) for help writing this test script.
2169 close(EX) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/$testfile: $!\n";
2172 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/Changes\n";
2174 open(EX, ">Changes") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/Changes: $!\n";
2175 @ARGS = map {/[\s\"\'\`\$*?^|&<>\[\]\{\}\(\)]/ ? "'$_'" : $_} @ARGS;
2177 Revision history for Perl extension $module.
2179 $TEMPLATE_VERSION @{[scalar localtime]}
2180 \t- original version; created by h2xs $H2XS_VERSION with options
2184 close(EX) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/Changes: $!\n";
2187 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/MANIFEST\n";
2188 open(MANI,'>MANIFEST') or die "Can't create MANIFEST: $!";
2189 my @files = grep { -f } (<*>, <t/*>, <$fallbackdirname/*>, <$modpmdir/*>);
2191 eval {opendir(D,'.');};
2192 unless ($@) { @files = readdir(D); closedir(D); }
2194 if (!@files) { @files = map {chomp && $_} `ls`; }
2197 # Clip trailing '.' for portability -- non-VMS OSs don't expect it
2199 # Fix up for case-sensitive file systems
2200 s/$modfname/$modfname/i && next;
2201 $_ = "\U$_" if $_ eq 'manifest' or $_ eq 'changes';
2202 $_ = 'Makefile.PL' if $_ eq 'makefile.pl';
2205 print MANI join("\n",@files), "\n";
2209 close OUT or die "Can't close $file: $!";
2210 chmod 0755, $file or die "Can't reset permissions for $file: $!\n";
2211 exec("$Config{'eunicefix'} $file") if $Config{'eunicefix'} ne ':';