4 use File::Basename qw(&basename &dirname);
7 # List explicitly here the variables you want Configure to
8 # generate. Metaconfig only looks for shell variables, so you
9 # have to mention them as if they were shell variables, not
10 # %Config entries. Thus you write
12 # to ensure Configure will look for $Config{startperl}.
14 # This forces PL files to create target in same directory as PL file.
15 # This is so that make depend always knows where to find PL derivatives.
18 my $file = basename($0, '.PL');
19 $file .= '.com' if $^O eq 'VMS';
21 open OUT,">$file" or die "Can't create $file: $!";
23 print "Extracting $file (with variable substitutions)\n";
25 # In this section, perl variables will be expanded during extraction.
26 # You can use $Config{...} to use Configure variables.
28 print OUT <<"!GROK!THIS!";
30 eval 'exec $Config{perlpath} -S \$0 \${1+"\$@"}'
31 if \$running_under_some_shell;
34 # In the following, perl variables are not expanded during extraction.
36 print OUT <<'!NO!SUBS!';
42 h2xs - convert .h C header files to Perl extensions
46 B<h2xs> [B<OPTIONS> ...] [headerfile ... [extra_libraries]]
48 B<h2xs> B<-h>|B<-?>|B<--help>
52 I<h2xs> builds a Perl extension from C header files. The extension
53 will include functions which can be used to retrieve the value of any
54 #define statement which was in the C header files.
56 The I<module_name> will be used for the name of the extension. If
57 module_name is not supplied then the name of the first header file
58 will be used, with the first character capitalized.
60 If the extension might need extra libraries, they should be included
61 here. The extension Makefile.PL will take care of checking whether
62 the libraries actually exist and how they should be loaded. The extra
63 libraries should be specified in the form -lm -lposix, etc, just as on
64 the cc command line. By default, the Makefile.PL will search through
65 the library path determined by Configure. That path can be augmented
66 by including arguments of the form B<-L/another/library/path> in the
67 extra-libraries argument.
69 In spite of its name, I<h2xs> may also be used to create a skeleton pure
70 Perl module. See the B<-X> option.
76 =item B<-A>, B<--omit-autoload>
78 Omit all autoload facilities. This is the same as B<-c> but also
79 removes the S<C<use AutoLoader>> statement from the .pm file.
81 =item B<-B>, B<--beta-version>
83 Use an alpha/beta style version number. Causes version number to
84 be "0.00_01" unless B<-v> is specified.
86 =item B<-C>, B<--omit-changes>
88 Omits creation of the F<Changes> file, and adds a HISTORY section to
91 =item B<-F>, B<--cpp-flags>=I<addflags>
93 Additional flags to specify to C preprocessor when scanning header for
94 function declarations. Writes these options in the generated F<Makefile.PL>
97 =item B<-M>, B<--func-mask>=I<regular expression>
99 selects functions/macros to process.
101 =item B<-O>, B<--overwrite-ok>
103 Allows a pre-existing extension directory to be overwritten.
105 =item B<-P>, B<--omit-pod>
107 Omit the autogenerated stub POD section.
109 =item B<-X>, B<--omit-XS>
111 Omit the XS portion. Used to generate a skeleton pure Perl module.
112 C<-c> and C<-f> are implicitly enabled.
114 =item B<-a>, B<--gen-accessors>
116 Generate an accessor method for each element of structs and unions. The
117 generated methods are named after the element name; will return the current
118 value of the element if called without additional arguments; and will set
119 the element to the supplied value (and return the new value) if called with
120 an additional argument. Embedded structures and unions are returned as a
121 pointer rather than the complete structure, to facilitate chained calls.
123 These methods all apply to the Ptr type for the structure; additionally
124 two methods are constructed for the structure type itself, C<_to_ptr>
125 which returns a Ptr type pointing to the same structure, and a C<new>
126 method to construct and return a new structure, initialised to zeroes.
128 =item B<-b>, B<--compat-version>=I<version>
130 Generates a .pm file which is backwards compatible with the specified
133 For versions < 5.6.0, the changes are.
134 - no use of 'our' (uses 'use vars' instead)
137 Specifying a compatibility version higher than the version of perl you
138 are using to run h2xs will have no effect. If unspecified h2xs will default
139 to compatibility with the version of perl you are using to run h2xs.
141 =item B<-c>, B<--omit-constant>
143 Omit C<constant()> from the .xs file and corresponding specialised
144 C<AUTOLOAD> from the .pm file.
146 =item B<-d>, B<--debugging>
148 Turn on debugging messages.
150 =item B<-e>, B<--omit-enums>=[I<regular expression>]
152 If I<regular expression> is not given, skip all constants that are defined in
153 a C enumeration. Otherwise skip only those constants that are defined in an
154 enum whose name matches I<regular expression>.
156 Since I<regular expression> is optional, make sure that this switch is followed
157 by at least one other switch if you omit I<regular expression> and have some
158 pending arguments such as header-file names. This is ok:
160 h2xs -e -n Module::Foo foo.h
164 h2xs -n Module::Foo -e foo.h
166 In the latter, foo.h is taken as I<regular expression>.
168 =item B<-f>, B<--force>
170 Allows an extension to be created for a header even if that header is
171 not found in standard include directories.
173 =item B<-g>, B<--global>
175 Include code for safely storing static data in the .xs file.
176 Extensions that do no make use of static data can ignore this option.
178 =item B<-h>, B<-?>, B<--help>
180 Print the usage, help and version for this h2xs and exit.
182 =item B<-k>, B<--omit-const-func>
184 For function arguments declared as C<const>, omit the const attribute in the
187 =item B<-m>, B<--gen-tied-var>
189 B<Experimental>: for each variable declared in the header file(s), declare
190 a perl variable of the same name magically tied to the C variable.
192 =item B<-n>, B<--name>=I<module_name>
194 Specifies a name to be used for the extension, e.g., S<-n RPC::DCE>
196 =item B<-o>, B<--opaque-re>=I<regular expression>
198 Use "opaque" data type for the C types matched by the regular
199 expression, even if these types are C<typedef>-equivalent to types
200 from typemaps. Should not be used without B<-x>.
202 This may be useful since, say, types which are C<typedef>-equivalent
203 to integers may represent OS-related handles, and one may want to work
204 with these handles in OO-way, as in C<$handle-E<gt>do_something()>.
205 Use C<-o .> if you want to handle all the C<typedef>ed types as opaque
208 The type-to-match is whitewashed (except for commas, which have no
209 whitespace before them, and multiple C<*> which have no whitespace
212 =item B<-p>, B<--remove-prefix>=I<prefix>
214 Specify a prefix which should be removed from the Perl function names,
215 e.g., S<-p sec_rgy_> This sets up the XS B<PREFIX> keyword and removes
216 the prefix from functions that are autoloaded via the C<constant()>
219 =item B<-s>, B<--const-subs>=I<sub1,sub2>
221 Create a perl subroutine for the specified macros rather than autoload
222 with the constant() subroutine. These macros are assumed to have a
223 return type of B<char *>, e.g.,
224 S<-s sec_rgy_wildcard_name,sec_rgy_wildcard_sid>.
226 =item B<-t>, B<--default-type>=I<type>
228 Specify the internal type that the constant() mechanism uses for macros.
229 The default is IV (signed integer). Currently all macros found during the
230 header scanning process will be assumed to have this type. Future versions
231 of C<h2xs> may gain the ability to make educated guesses.
233 =item B<--use-new-tests>
235 When B<--compat-version> (B<-b>) is present the generated tests will use
236 C<Test::More> rather than C<Test> which is the default for versions before
237 5.7.2 . C<Test::More> will be added to PREREQ_PM in the generated
240 =item B<--use-old-tests>
242 Will force the generation of test code that uses the older C<Test> module.
244 =item B<--skip-exporter>
246 Do not use C<Exporter> and/or export any symbol.
248 =item B<--skip-ppport>
250 Do not use C<Devel::PPPort>: no portability to older version.
252 =item B<--skip-autoloader>
254 Do not use the module C<AutoLoader>; but keep the constant() function
255 and C<sub AUTOLOAD> for constants.
257 =item B<--skip-strict>
259 Do not use the pragma C<strict>.
261 =item B<--skip-warnings>
263 Do not use the pragma C<warnings>.
265 =item B<-v>, B<--version>=I<version>
267 Specify a version number for this extension. This version number is added
268 to the templates. The default is 0.01, or 0.00_01 if C<-B> is specified.
269 The version specified should be numeric.
271 =item B<-x>, B<--autogen-xsubs>
273 Automatically generate XSUBs basing on function declarations in the
274 header file. The package C<C::Scan> should be installed. If this
275 option is specified, the name of the header file may look like
276 C<NAME1,NAME2>. In this case NAME1 is used instead of the specified
277 string, but XSUBs are emitted only for the declarations included from
280 Note that some types of arguments/return-values for functions may
281 result in XSUB-declarations/typemap-entries which need
282 hand-editing. Such may be objects which cannot be converted from/to a
283 pointer (like C<long long>), pointers to functions, or arrays. See
284 also the section on L<LIMITATIONS of B<-x>>.
291 # Default behavior, extension is Rusers
294 # Same, but extension is RUSERS
295 h2xs -n RUSERS rpcsvc/rusers
297 # Extension is rpcsvc::rusers. Still finds <rpcsvc/rusers.h>
300 # Extension is ONC::RPC. Still finds <rpcsvc/rusers.h>
301 h2xs -n ONC::RPC rpcsvc/rusers
303 # Without constant() or AUTOLOAD
304 h2xs -c rpcsvc/rusers
306 # Creates templates for an extension named RPC
309 # Extension is ONC::RPC.
312 # Extension is a pure Perl module with no XS code.
315 # Extension is Lib::Foo which works at least with Perl5.005_03.
316 # Constants are created for all #defines and enums h2xs can find
318 h2xs -b 5.5.3 -n Lib::Foo foo.h
320 # Extension is Lib::Foo which works at least with Perl5.005_03.
321 # Constants are created for all #defines but only for enums
322 # whose names do not start with 'bar_'.
323 h2xs -b 5.5.3 -e '^bar_' -n Lib::Foo foo.h
325 # Makefile.PL will look for library -lrpc in
326 # additional directory /opt/net/lib
327 h2xs rpcsvc/rusers -L/opt/net/lib -lrpc
329 # Extension is DCE::rgynbase
330 # prefix "sec_rgy_" is dropped from perl function names
331 h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ dce/rgynbase
333 # Extension is DCE::rgynbase
334 # prefix "sec_rgy_" is dropped from perl function names
335 # subroutines are created for sec_rgy_wildcard_name and
336 # sec_rgy_wildcard_sid
337 h2xs -n DCE::rgynbase -p sec_rgy_ \
338 -s sec_rgy_wildcard_name,sec_rgy_wildcard_sid dce/rgynbase
340 # Make XS without defines in perl.h, but with function declarations
341 # visible from perl.h. Name of the extension is perl1.
342 # When scanning perl.h, define -DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT(x)=
343 # Extra backslashes below because the string is passed to shell.
344 # Note that a directory with perl header files would
345 # be added automatically to include path.
346 h2xs -xAn perl1 -F "-DEXT=extern -DdEXT= -DINIT\(x\)=" perl.h
348 # Same with function declaration in proto.h as visible from perl.h.
349 h2xs -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
351 # Same but select only functions which match /^av_/
352 h2xs -M '^av_' -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
354 # Same but treat SV* etc as "opaque" types
355 h2xs -o '^[S]V \*$' -M '^av_' -xAn perl2 perl.h,proto.h
357 =head2 Extension based on F<.h> and F<.c> files
359 Suppose that you have some C files implementing some functionality,
360 and the corresponding header files. How to create an extension which
361 makes this functionality accessible in Perl? The example below
362 assumes that the header files are F<interface_simple.h> and
363 I<interface_hairy.h>, and you want the perl module be named as
364 C<Ext::Ension>. If you need some preprocessor directives and/or
365 linking with external libraries, see the flags C<-F>, C<-L> and C<-l>
370 =item Find the directory name
372 Start with a dummy run of h2xs:
374 h2xs -Afn Ext::Ension
376 The only purpose of this step is to create the needed directories, and
377 let you know the names of these directories. From the output you can
378 see that the directory for the extension is F<Ext/Ension>.
382 Copy your header files and C files to this directory F<Ext/Ension>.
384 =item Create the extension
386 Run h2xs, overwriting older autogenerated files:
388 h2xs -Oxan Ext::Ension interface_simple.h interface_hairy.h
390 h2xs looks for header files I<after> changing to the extension
391 directory, so it will find your header files OK.
393 =item Archive and test
405 It is important to do C<make dist> as early as possible. This way you
406 can easily merge(1) your changes to autogenerated files if you decide
407 to edit your C<.h> files and rerun h2xs.
409 Do not forget to edit the documentation in the generated F<.pm> file.
411 Consider the autogenerated files as skeletons only, you may invent
412 better interfaces than what h2xs could guess.
414 Consider this section as a guideline only, some other options of h2xs
415 may better suit your needs.
421 No environment variables are used.
425 Larry Wall and others
429 L<perl>, L<perlxstut>, L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>, and L<AutoLoader>.
433 The usual warnings if it cannot read or write the files involved.
435 =head1 LIMITATIONS of B<-x>
437 F<h2xs> would not distinguish whether an argument to a C function
438 which is of the form, say, C<int *>, is an input, output, or
439 input/output parameter. In particular, argument declarations of the
446 should be better rewritten as
452 if C<n> is an input parameter.
454 Additionally, F<h2xs> has no facilities to intuit that a function
461 takes a pair of address and length of data at this address, so it is better
462 to rewrite this function as
472 RETVAL = foo(s, len);
482 char *s = SvPV(sv,len);
487 MODULE = foo PACKAGE = foo PREFIX = my_
493 See L<perlxs> and L<perlxstut> for additional details.
501 my( $H2XS_VERSION ) = ' $Revision: 1.23 $ ' =~ /\$Revision:\s+([^\s]+)/;
502 my $TEMPLATE_VERSION = '0.01';
504 my $compat_version = $];
509 $Text::Wrap::huge = 'overflow';
510 $Text::Wrap::columns = 80;
511 use ExtUtils::Constant qw (WriteConstants WriteMakefileSnippet autoload);
518 h2xs [OPTIONS ... ] [headerfile [extra_libraries]]
519 version: $H2XS_VERSION
521 -A, --omit-autoload Omit all autoloading facilities (implies -c).
522 -B, --beta-version Use beta \$VERSION of 0.00_01 (ignored if -v).
523 -C, --omit-changes Omit creating the Changes file, add HISTORY heading
525 -F, --cpp-flags Additional flags for C preprocessor/compile.
526 -M, --func-mask Mask to select C functions/macros
527 (default is select all).
528 -O, --overwrite-ok Allow overwriting of a pre-existing extension directory.
529 -P, --omit-pod Omit the stub POD section.
530 -X, --omit-XS Omit the XS portion (implies both -c and -f).
531 -a, --gen-accessors Generate get/set accessors for struct and union members
533 -b, --compat-version Specify a perl version to be backwards compatibile with.
534 -c, --omit-constant Omit the constant() function and specialised AUTOLOAD
536 -d, --debugging Turn on debugging messages.
537 -e, --omit-enums Omit constants from enums in the constant() function.
538 If a pattern is given, only the matching enums are
540 -f, --force Force creation of the extension even if the C header
542 -g, --global Include code for safely storing static data in the .xs file.
543 -h, -?, --help Display this help message.
544 -k, --omit-const-func Omit 'const' attribute on function arguments
546 -m, --gen-tied-var Generate tied variables for access to declared
548 -n, --name Specify a name to use for the extension (recommended).
549 -o, --opaque-re Regular expression for \"opaque\" types.
550 -p, --remove-prefix Specify a prefix which should be removed from the
552 -s, --const-subs Create subroutines for specified macros.
553 -t, --default-type Default type for autoloaded constants (default is IV).
554 --use-new-tests Use Test::More in backward compatible modules.
555 --use-old-tests Use the module Test rather than Test::More.
556 --skip-exporter Do not export symbols.
557 --skip-ppport Do not use portability layer.
558 --skip-autoloader Do not use the module C<AutoLoader>.
559 --skip-strict Do not use the pragma C<strict>.
560 --skip-warnings Do not use the pragma C<warnings>.
561 -v, --version Specify a version number for this extension.
562 -x, --autogen-xsubs Autogenerate XSUBs using C::Scan.
563 --use-xsloader Use XSLoader in backward compatible modules (ignored
567 are any libraries that might be needed for loading the
568 extension, e.g. -lm would try to link in the math library.
607 Getopt::Long::Configure('bundling');
608 Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through');
611 'omit-autoload|A' => \$opt_A,
612 'beta-version|B' => \$opt_B,
613 'omit-changes|C' => \$opt_C,
614 'cpp-flags|F=s' => \$opt_F,
615 'func-mask|M=s' => \$opt_M,
616 'overwrite_ok|O' => \$opt_O,
617 'omit-pod|P' => \$opt_P,
618 'omit-XS|X' => \$opt_X,
619 'gen-accessors|a' => \$opt_a,
620 'compat-version|b=s' => \$opt_b,
621 'omit-constant|c' => \$opt_c,
622 'debugging|d' => \$opt_d,
623 'omit-enums|e:s' => \$opt_e,
624 'force|f' => \$opt_f,
625 'global|g' => \$opt_g,
626 'help|h|?' => \$opt_h,
627 'omit-const-func|k' => \$opt_k,
628 'gen-tied-var|m' => \$opt_m,
629 'name|n=s' => \$opt_n,
630 'opaque-re|o=s' => \$opt_o,
631 'remove-prefix|p=s' => \$opt_p,
632 'const-subs|s=s' => \$opt_s,
633 'default-type|t=s' => \$opt_t,
634 'version|v=s' => \$opt_v,
635 'autogen-xsubs|x' => \$opt_x,
636 'use-new-tests' => \$new_test,
637 'use-old-tests' => \$old_test,
638 'skip-exporter' => \$skip_exporter,
639 'skip-ppport' => \$skip_ppport,
640 'skip-autoloader' => \$skip_autoloader,
641 'skip-warnings' => \$skip_warnings,
642 'skip-strict' => \$skip_strict,
643 'use-xsloader' => \$use_xsloader,
646 GetOptions(%options) || usage;
651 usage "You cannot use -b and -m at the same time.\n" if ($opt_b && $opt_m);
652 $opt_b =~ /^v?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)/ ||
653 usage "You must provide the backwards compatibility version in X.Y.Z form. "
655 my ($maj,$min,$sub) = ($1,$2,$3);
656 if ($maj < 5 || ($maj == 5 && $min < 6)) {
658 $sub ? sprintf("%d.%03d%02d",$maj,$min,$sub) :
659 sprintf("%d.%03d", $maj,$min);
661 $compat_version = sprintf("%d.%03d%03d",$maj,$min,$sub);
664 my ($maj,$min,$sub) = $compat_version =~ /(\d+)\.(\d\d\d)(\d*)/;
666 warn sprintf <<'EOF', $maj,$min,$sub;
667 Defaulting to backwards compatibility with perl %d.%d.%d
668 If you intend this module to be compatible with earlier perl versions, please
669 specify a minimum perl version with the -b option.
675 $TEMPLATE_VERSION = '0.00_01';
679 $TEMPLATE_VERSION = $opt_v;
681 # check if it is numeric
682 my $temp_version = $TEMPLATE_VERSION;
683 my $beta_version = $temp_version =~ s/(\d)_(\d\d)/$1$2/;
686 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { $notnum = 1 };
687 use warnings 'numeric';
688 $temp_version = 0+$temp_version;
692 my $module = $opt_n || 'Your::Module';
694 You have specified a non-numeric version. Unless you supply an
695 appropriate VERSION class method, users may not be able to specify a
696 minimum required version with C<use $module versionnum>.
701 $opt_B = $beta_version;
706 $skip_autoloader = $opt_c = 1 if $opt_A;
708 # -X implies -c and -f
709 $opt_c = $opt_f = 1 if $opt_X;
714 %const_xsub = map { $_,1 } split(/,+/, $opt_s) if $opt_s;
720 while (my $arg = shift) {
721 if ($arg =~ /^-l/i) {
722 $extralibs .= "$arg ";
729 usage "Must supply header file or module name\n"
730 unless (@path_h or $opt_n);
735 $fmask = qr{$opt_M} if defined $opt_M;
736 $tmask = qr{$opt_o} if defined $opt_o;
737 my $tmask_all = $tmask && $opt_o eq '.';
740 eval {require C::Scan; 1}
742 C::Scan required if you use -x option.
743 To install C::Scan, execute
744 perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan"
746 unless ($tmask_all) {
747 $C::Scan::VERSION >= 0.70
749 C::Scan v. 0.70 or later required unless you use -o . option.
750 You have version $C::Scan::VERSION installed as $INC{'C/Scan.pm'}.
751 To install C::Scan, execute
752 perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan"
755 if (($opt_m || $opt_a) && $C::Scan::VERSION < 0.73) {
757 C::Scan v. 0.73 or later required to use -m or -a options.
758 You have version $C::Scan::VERSION installed as $INC{'C/Scan.pm'}.
759 To install C::Scan, execute
760 perl -MCPAN -e "install C::Scan"
764 elsif ($opt_o or $opt_F) {
765 warn <<EOD if $opt_o;
766 Option -o does not make sense without -x.
768 warn <<EOD if $opt_F and $opt_X ;
769 Option -F does not make sense with -X.
773 my @path_h_ini = @path_h;
774 my ($name, %fullpath, %prefix, %seen_define, %prefixless, %const_names);
781 my $pre_sub_tri_graphs = 1;
782 if ($^O eq 'VMS') { # Consider overrides of default location
783 # XXXX This is not equivalent to what the older version did:
784 # it was looking at $hadsys header-file per header-file...
785 my($hadsys) = grep s!^sys/!!i , @path_h;
786 @paths = qw( Sys$Library VAXC$Include );
787 push @paths, ($hadsys ? 'GNU_CC_Include[vms]' : 'GNU_CC_Include[000000]');
788 push @paths, qw( DECC$Library_Include DECC$System_Include );
791 @paths = (File::Spec->curdir(), $Config{usrinc},
792 (split ' ', $Config{locincpth}), '/usr/include');
794 foreach my $path_h (@path_h) {
798 if ( $name !~ /::/ ) {
805 if( $path_h =~ s#::#/#g && $opt_n ){
806 warn "Nesting of headerfile ignored with -n\n";
808 $path_h .= ".h" unless $path_h =~ /\.h$/;
809 my $fullpath = $path_h;
810 $path_h =~ s/,.*$// if $opt_x;
811 $fullpath{$path_h} = $fullpath;
813 # Minor trickery: we can't chdir() before we processed the headers
814 # (so know the name of the extension), but the header may be in the
815 # extension directory...
816 my $tmp_path_h = $path_h;
817 my $rel_path_h = $path_h;
819 if (not -f $path_h) {
821 for my $dir (@paths) {
823 if -f ($path_h = File::Spec->catfile($dir, $tmp_path_h));
826 $rel_path_h = $path_h;
827 $fullpath{$path_h} = $fullpath;
829 (my $epath = $module) =~ s,::,/,g;
830 $epath = File::Spec->catdir('ext', $epath) if -d 'ext';
831 $rel_path_h = File::Spec->catfile($epath, $tmp_path_h);
832 $path_h = $tmp_path_h; # Used during -x
838 die "Can't find $tmp_path_h in @dirs\n"
839 if ( ! $opt_f && ! -f "$rel_path_h" );
840 # Scan the header file (we should deal with nested header files)
841 # Record the names of simple #define constants into const_names
842 # Function prototypes are processed below.
843 open(CH, "<$rel_path_h") || die "Can't open $rel_path_h: $!\n";
846 if ($pre_sub_tri_graphs) {
847 # Preprocess all tri-graphs
848 # including things stuck in quoted string constants.
849 s/\?\?=/#/g; # | ??=| #|
850 s/\?\?\!/|/g; # | ??!| ||
851 s/\?\?'/^/g; # | ??'| ^|
852 s/\?\?\(/[/g; # | ??(| [|
853 s/\?\?\)/]/g; # | ??)| ]|
854 s/\?\?\-/~/g; # | ??-| ~|
855 s/\?\?\//\\/g; # | ??/| \|
856 s/\?\?</{/g; # | ??<| {|
857 s/\?\?>/}/g; # | ??>| }|
859 if (/^[ \t]*#[ \t]*define\s+([\$\w]+)\b(?!\()\s*(?=[^"\s])(.*)/) {
862 $rest =~ s!/\*.*?(\*/|\n)|//.*!!g; # Remove comments
865 # Cannot do: (-1) and ((LHANDLE)3) are OK:
866 #print("Skip non-wordy $def => $rest\n"),
867 # next defines if $rest =~ /[^\w\$]/;
869 print("Skip stringy $def => $rest\n") if $opt_d;
872 print "Matched $_ ($def)\n" if $opt_d;
873 $seen_define{$def} = $rest;
875 next if /^_.*_h_*$/i; # special case, but for what?
876 if (defined $opt_p) {
877 if (!/^$opt_p(\d)/) {
878 ++$prefix{$_} if s/^$opt_p//;
881 warn "can't remove $opt_p prefix from '$_'!\n";
884 $prefixless{$def} = $_;
885 if (!$fmask or /$fmask/) {
886 print "... Passes mask of -M.\n" if $opt_d and $fmask;
891 if (defined $opt_e and !$opt_e) {
895 # Work from miniperl too - on "normal" systems
896 my $SEEK_SET = eval 'use Fcntl qw/SEEK_SET/; SEEK_SET' or 0;
897 seek CH, 0, $SEEK_SET;
898 my $src = do { local $/; <CH> };
900 no warnings 'uninitialized';
902 # Remove C and C++ comments
903 $src =~ s#/\*[^*]*\*+([^/*][^*]*\*+)*/|("(\\.|[^"\\])*"|'(\\.|[^'\\])*'|.[^/"'\\]*)#$2#gs;
905 while ($src =~ /\benum\s*([\w_]*)\s*\{\s([^}]+)\}/gsc) {
906 my ($enum_name, $enum_body) = ($1, $2);
907 # skip enums matching $opt_e
908 next if $opt_e && $enum_name =~ /$opt_e/;
910 for my $item (split /,/, $enum_body) {
911 next if $item =~ /\A\s*\Z/;
912 my ($key, $declared_val) = $item =~ /(\w+)\s*(?:=\s*(.*))?/;
913 $val = defined($declared_val) && length($declared_val) ? $declared_val : 1 + $val;
914 $seen_define{$key} = $val;
915 $const_names{$key}++;
918 } # if (!defined $opt_e or $opt_e)
923 # Save current directory so that C::Scan can use it
924 my $cwd = File::Spec->rel2abs( File::Spec->curdir );
926 # As Ilya suggested, use a name that contains - and then it can't clash with
927 # the names of any packages. A directory 'fallback' will clash with any
928 # new pragmata down the fallback:: tree, but that seems unlikely.
929 my $constscfname = 'const-c.inc';
930 my $constsxsfname = 'const-xs.inc';
931 my $fallbackdirname = 'fallback';
933 my $ext = chdir 'ext' ? 'ext/' : '';
935 my @modparts = split(/::/,$module);
936 my $modpname = join('-', @modparts);
937 my $modfname = pop @modparts;
938 my $modpmdir = join '/', 'lib', @modparts;
939 my $modpmname = join '/', $modpmdir, $modfname.'.pm';
942 warn "Overwriting existing $ext$modpname!!!\n" if -e $modpname;
945 die "Won't overwrite existing $ext$modpname\n" if -e $modpname;
947 -d "$modpname" || mkpath([$modpname], 0, 0775);
948 chdir($modpname) || die "Can't chdir $ext$modpname: $!\n";
953 my $fdecls_parsed = [];
960 my @fnames_no_prefix;
964 if( ! $opt_X ){ # use XS, unless it was disabled
965 unless ($skip_ppport) {
966 require Devel::PPPort;
967 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/ppport.h\n";
968 Devel::PPPort::WriteFile('ppport.h')
969 || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/ppport.h: $!\n";
971 open(XS, ">$modfname.xs") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$modfname.xs: $!\n";
973 warn "Scanning typemaps...\n";
977 my $addflags = $opt_F || '';
979 foreach my $filename (@path_h) {
983 if ($fullpath{$filename} =~ /,/) {
987 warn "Scanning $filename for functions...\n";
988 my @styles = $Config{gccversion} ? qw(C++ C9X GNU) : qw(C++ C9X);
989 $c = new C::Scan 'filename' => $filename, 'filename_filter' => $filter,
990 'add_cppflags' => $addflags, 'c_styles' => \@styles;
991 $c->set('includeDirs' => ["$Config::Config{archlib}/CORE", $cwd]);
993 $c->get('keywords')->{'__restrict'} = 1;
995 push @$fdecls_parsed, @{ $c->get('parsed_fdecls') };
996 push(@$fdecls, @{$c->get('fdecls')});
998 push @td, @{$c->get('typedefs_maybe')};
1000 my $structs = $c->get('typedef_structs');
1001 @structs{keys %$structs} = values %$structs;
1005 %vdecl_hash = %{ $c->get('vdecl_hash') };
1006 @vdecls = sort keys %vdecl_hash;
1007 for (local $_ = 0; $_ < @vdecls; ++$_) {
1008 my $var = $vdecls[$_];
1009 my($type, $post) = @{ $vdecl_hash{$var} };
1010 if (defined $post) {
1011 warn "Can't handle variable '$type $var $post', skipping.\n";
1012 splice @vdecls, $_, 1;
1015 $type = normalize_type($type);
1016 $vdecl_hash{$var} = $type;
1020 unless ($tmask_all) {
1021 warn "Scanning $filename for typedefs...\n";
1022 my $td = $c->get('typedef_hash');
1023 # eval {require 'dumpvar.pl'; ::dumpValue($td)} or warn $@ if $opt_d;
1024 my @f_good_td = grep $td->{$_}[1] eq '', keys %$td;
1025 push @good_td, @f_good_td;
1026 @typedefs_pre{@f_good_td} = map $_->[0], @$td{@f_good_td};
1030 $typedef_rex = qr(\b(?<!struct )(?:@good_td)\b) if @good_td;
1032 %known_fnames = map @$_[1,3], @$fdecls_parsed; # [1,3] is NAME, FULLTEXT
1035 for my $i (0..$#$fdecls_parsed) {
1036 next unless $fdecls_parsed->[$i][1] =~ /$fmask/; # [1] is NAME
1038 print "... Function $fdecls_parsed->[$i][1] passes -M mask.\n"
1041 $fdecls = [@$fdecls[@good]];
1042 $fdecls_parsed = [@$fdecls_parsed[@good]];
1044 @fnames = sort map $_->[1], @$fdecls_parsed; # 1 is NAME
1045 # Sort declarations:
1047 my %h = map( ($_->[1], $_), @$fdecls_parsed);
1048 $fdecls_parsed = [ @h{@fnames} ];
1050 @fnames_no_prefix = @fnames;
1052 = sort map { ++$prefix{$_} if s/^$opt_p(?!\d)//; $_ } @fnames_no_prefix
1054 # Remove macros which expand to typedefs
1055 print "Typedefs are @td.\n" if $opt_d;
1056 my %td = map {($_, $_)} @td;
1057 # Add some other possible but meaningless values for macros
1058 for my $k (qw(char double float int long short unsigned signed void)) {
1059 $td{"$_$k"} = "$_$k" for ('', 'signed ', 'unsigned ');
1061 # eval {require 'dumpvar.pl'; ::dumpValue( [\@td, \%td] ); 1} or warn $@;
1064 while (keys %td > $n) {
1067 while (($k, $v) = each %seen_define) {
1068 # print("found '$k'=>'$v'\n"),
1069 $bad_macs{$k} = $td{$k} = $td{$v} if exists $td{$v};
1072 # Now %bad_macs contains names of bad macros
1073 for my $k (keys %bad_macs) {
1074 delete $const_names{$prefixless{$k}};
1075 print "Ignoring macro $k which expands to a typedef name '$bad_macs{$k}'\n" if $opt_d;
1079 my @const_names = sort keys %const_names;
1081 -d $modpmdir || mkpath([$modpmdir], 0, 0775);
1082 open(PM, ">$modpmname") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$modpmname: $!\n";
1085 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$modpmname\n";
1090 use $compat_version;
1093 print PM <<"END" unless $skip_strict;
1097 print PM "use warnings;\n" unless $skip_warnings or $compat_version < 5.006;
1099 unless( $opt_X || $opt_c || $opt_A ){
1100 # we'll have an AUTOLOAD(), and it will have $AUTOLOAD and
1107 print PM <<'END' unless $skip_exporter;
1112 my $use_Dyna = (not $opt_X and $compat_version < 5.006 and not $use_xsloader);
1113 print PM <<"END" if $use_Dyna; # use DynaLoader, unless XS was disabled
1118 # Are we using AutoLoader or not?
1119 unless ($skip_autoloader) { # no autoloader whatsoever.
1120 unless ($opt_c) { # we're doing the AUTOLOAD
1121 print PM "use AutoLoader;\n";
1124 print PM "use AutoLoader qw(AUTOLOAD);\n"
1128 if ( $compat_version < 5.006 ) {
1129 my $vars = '$VERSION @ISA';
1130 $vars .= ' @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS' unless $skip_exporter;
1131 $vars .= ' $AUTOLOAD' unless $opt_X || $opt_c || $opt_A;
1132 $vars .= ' $XS_VERSION' if $opt_B && !$opt_X;
1133 print PM "use vars qw($vars);";
1138 push @modISA, 'Exporter' unless $skip_exporter;
1139 push @modISA, 'DynaLoader' if $use_Dyna; # no XS
1140 my $myISA = "our \@ISA = qw(@modISA);";
1141 $myISA =~ s/^our // if $compat_version < 5.006;
1143 print PM "\n$myISA\n\n";
1145 my @exported_names = (@const_names, @fnames_no_prefix, map '$'.$_, @vdecls);
1148 $tmp .= <<"END" unless $skip_exporter;
1149 # Items to export into callers namespace by default. Note: do not export
1150 # names by default without a very good reason. Use EXPORT_OK instead.
1151 # Do not simply export all your public functions/methods/constants.
1153 # This allows declaration use $module ':all';
1154 # If you do not need this, moving things directly into \@EXPORT or \@EXPORT_OK
1156 our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 'all' => [ qw(
1160 our \@EXPORT_OK = ( \@{ \$EXPORT_TAGS{'all'} } );
1168 $tmp .= "our \$VERSION = '$TEMPLATE_VERSION';\n";
1170 $tmp .= "our \$XS_VERSION = \$VERSION;\n" unless $opt_X;
1171 $tmp .= "\$VERSION = eval \$VERSION; # see L<perlmodstyle>\n";
1175 $tmp =~ s/^our //mg if $compat_version < 5.006;
1179 printf PM "our(@{[ join ', ', map '$'.$_, @vdecls ]});\n\n";
1183 print PM autoload ($module, $compat_version) unless $opt_c or $opt_X;
1185 if( ! $opt_X ){ # print bootstrap, unless XS is disabled
1188 bootstrap $module \$VERSION;
1193 XSLoader::load('$module', \$VERSION);
1196 $tmp =~ s:\$VERSION:\$XS_VERSION:g if $opt_B;
1200 # tying the variables can happen only after bootstrap
1204 @{[ join "\n", map " _tievar_$_(\$$_);", @vdecls ]}
1211 if( $opt_P ){ # if POD is disabled
1220 # Preloaded methods go here.
1223 print PM <<"END" unless $opt_A;
1225 # Autoload methods go after $after, and are processed by the autosplit program.
1234 my ($email,$author,$licence);
1238 ($username,$author) = (getpwuid($>))[0,6];
1239 if (defined $username && defined $author) {
1240 $author =~ s/,.*$//; # in case of sub fields
1241 my $domain = $Config{'mydomain'};
1243 $email = "$username\@$domain";
1247 $author =~ s/'/\\'/g if defined $author;
1248 $author ||= "A. U. Thor";
1249 $email ||= 'a.u.thor@a.galaxy.far.far.away';
1251 $licence = sprintf << "DEFAULT", $^V;
1252 Copyright (C) ${\(1900 + (localtime) [5])} by $author
1254 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
1255 it under the same terms as Perl itself, either Perl version %vd or,
1256 at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have available.
1260 $revhist = <<EOT if $opt_C;
1266 #=item $TEMPLATE_VERSION
1268 #Original version; created by h2xs $H2XS_VERSION with options
1276 my $exp_doc = $skip_exporter ? '' : <<EOD;
1284 if (@const_names and not $opt_P) {
1285 $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter;
1286 #=head2 Exportable constants
1288 # @{[join "\n ", @const_names]}
1293 if (defined $fdecls and @$fdecls and not $opt_P) {
1294 $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter;
1295 #=head2 Exportable functions
1299 # $exp_doc .= <<EOD if $opt_p;
1300 #When accessing these functions from Perl, prefix C<$opt_p> should be removed.
1303 $exp_doc .= <<EOD unless $skip_exporter;
1304 # @{[join "\n ", @known_fnames{@fnames}]}
1311 if ($opt_x && $opt_a) {
1313 $meth_doc .= accessor_docs($name, $struct)
1314 while ($name, $struct) = each %structs;
1317 # Prefix the default licence with hash symbols.
1318 # Is this just cargo cult - it seems that the first thing that happens to this
1319 # block is that all the hashes are then s///g out.
1320 my $licence_hash = $licence;
1321 $licence_hash =~ s/^/#/gm;
1324 $pod = <<"END" unless $opt_P;
1325 ## Below is stub documentation for your module. You'd better edit it!
1329 #$module - Perl extension for blah blah blah
1338 #Stub documentation for $module, created by h2xs. It looks like the
1339 #author of the extension was negligent enough to leave the stub
1343 $exp_doc$meth_doc$revhist
1347 #Mention other useful documentation such as the documentation of
1348 #related modules or operating system documentation (such as man pages
1349 #in UNIX), or any relevant external documentation such as RFCs or
1352 #If you have a mailing list set up for your module, mention it here.
1354 #If you have a web site set up for your module, mention it here.
1358 #$author, E<lt>${email}E<gt>
1360 #=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
1367 $pod =~ s/^\#//gm unless $opt_P;
1368 print PM $pod unless $opt_P;
1373 if( ! $opt_X ){ # print XS, unless it is disabled
1374 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$modfname.xs\n";
1383 print XS <<"END" unless $skip_ppport;
1389 foreach my $path_h (@path_h_ini) {
1391 $h =~ s#^/usr/include/##;
1392 if ($^O eq 'VMS') { $h =~ s#.*vms\]#sys/# or $h =~ s#.*[:>\]]##; }
1393 print XS qq{#include <$h>\n};
1398 print XS <<"END" if $opt_g;
1402 #define MY_CXT_KEY "${module}::_guts" XS_VERSION
1405 /* Put Global Data in here */
1406 int dummy; /* you can access this elsewhere as MY_CXT.dummy */
1413 my %pointer_typedefs;
1414 my %struct_typedefs;
1418 my $out = $pointer_typedefs{$type};
1419 return $out if defined $out;
1421 $out = ($type =~ /\*$/);
1422 # This converts only the guys which do not have trailing part in the typedef
1424 and $typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) {
1425 $type = normalize_type($type);
1426 print "Is-Pointer: Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n"
1428 $out = td_is_pointer($type);
1430 return ($pointer_typedefs{$otype} = $out);
1435 my $out = $struct_typedefs{$type};
1436 return $out if defined $out;
1438 $out = ($type =~ /^(struct|union)\b/) && !td_is_pointer($type);
1439 # This converts only the guys which do not have trailing part in the typedef
1441 and $typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) {
1442 $type = normalize_type($type);
1443 print "Is-Struct: Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n"
1445 $out = td_is_struct($type);
1447 return ($struct_typedefs{$otype} = $out);
1450 print_tievar_subs(\*XS, $_, $vdecl_hash{$_}) for @vdecls;
1453 # We write the "sample" files used when this module is built by perl without
1454 # ExtUtils::Constant.
1455 # h2xs will later check that these are the same as those generated by the
1456 # code embedded into Makefile.PL
1457 unless (-d $fallbackdirname) {
1458 mkdir "$fallbackdirname" or die "Cannot mkdir $fallbackdirname: $!\n";
1460 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$constscfname\n";
1461 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$constsxsfname\n";
1462 my $cfallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $constscfname);
1463 my $xsfallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $constsxsfname);
1464 WriteConstants ( C_FILE => $cfallback,
1465 XS_FILE => $xsfallback,
1466 DEFAULT_TYPE => $opt_t,
1468 NAMES => \@const_names,
1470 print XS "#include \"$constscfname\"\n";
1474 my $prefix = defined $opt_p ? "PREFIX = $opt_p" : '';
1476 # Now switch from C to XS by issuing the first MODULE declaration:
1479 MODULE = $module PACKAGE = $module $prefix
1483 # If a constant() function was #included then output a corresponding
1485 print XS "INCLUDE: $constsxsfname\n" unless $opt_c;
1487 print XS <<"END" if $opt_g;
1492 /* If any of the fields in the my_cxt_t struct need
1493 to be initialised, do it here.
1499 foreach (sort keys %const_xsub) {
1508 croak("Your vendor has not defined the $module macro $_");
1523 my ($type, $name, $args) = @$decl;
1524 return if $seen_decl{$name}++; # Need to do the same for docs as well?
1526 my @argnames = map {$_->[1]} @$args;
1527 my @argtypes = map { normalize_type( $_->[0], 1 ) } @$args;
1529 s/^\s*const\b\s*// for @argtypes;
1531 my @argarrays = map { $_->[4] || '' } @$args;
1532 my $numargs = @$args;
1533 if ($numargs and $argtypes[-1] eq '...') {
1535 $argnames[-1] = '...';
1538 $type = normalize_type($type, 1);
1546 for my $arg (0 .. $numargs - 1) {
1548 $argtypes[$arg] $argnames[$arg]$argarrays[$arg]
1553 sub print_tievar_subs {
1554 my($fh, $name, $type) = @_;
1557 _get_$name(IV index, SV *sv) {
1562 (void)call_pv("$module\::_get_$name", G_DISCARD);
1567 _set_$name(IV index, SV *sv) {
1572 (void)call_pv("$module\::_set_$name", G_DISCARD);
1579 sub print_tievar_xsubs {
1580 my($fh, $name, $type) = @_;
1588 uf.uf_val = &_get_$name;
1589 uf.uf_set = &_set_$name;
1590 uf.uf_index = (IV)&_get_$name;
1591 sv_magic(sv, 0, 'U', (char*)&uf, sizeof(uf));
1595 $type THIS = NO_INIT
1611 sub print_accessors {
1612 my($fh, $name, $struct) = @_;
1613 return unless defined $struct && $name !~ /\s|_ANON/;
1614 $name = normalize_type($name);
1615 my $ptrname = normalize_type("$name *");
1618 MODULE = $module PACKAGE = ${name} $prefix
1622 $name THIS = NO_INIT
1625 if (sv_derived_from(ST(0), "$name")) {
1627 char *s = SvPV((SV*)SvRV(ST(0)), len);
1628 if (len != sizeof(THIS))
1629 croak("Size \%d of packed data != expected \%d",
1631 RETVAL = ($name *)s;
1634 croak("THIS is not of type $name");
1640 char *CLASS = NO_INIT
1643 Zero((void*)&RETVAL, sizeof(RETVAL), char);
1647 MODULE = $module PACKAGE = ${name}Ptr $prefix
1650 my @items = @$struct;
1652 my $item = shift @items;
1653 if ($item->[0] =~ /_ANON/) {
1654 if (defined $item->[2]) {
1656 @$_[0, 1], "$item->[2]_$_->[2]", "$item->[2].$_->[2]",
1657 ], @{ $structs{$item->[0]} };
1659 push @items, @{ $structs{$item->[0]} };
1662 my $type = normalize_type($item->[0]);
1663 my $ttype = $structs{$type} ? normalize_type("$type *") : $type;
1666 $item->[2](THIS, __value = NO_INIT)
1672 THIS->$item->[-1] = __value;
1674 $type eq $ttype ? "THIS->$item->[-1]" : "&(THIS->$item->[-1])"
1685 my($name, $struct) = @_;
1686 return unless defined $struct && $name !~ /\s|_ANON/;
1687 $name = normalize_type($name);
1688 my $ptrname = $name . 'Ptr';
1689 my @items = @$struct;
1692 my $item = shift @items;
1693 if ($item->[0] =~ /_ANON/) {
1694 if (defined $item->[2]) {
1696 @$_[0, 1], "$item->[2]_$_->[2]", "$item->[2].$_->[2]",
1697 ], @{ $structs{$item->[0]} };
1699 push @items, @{ $structs{$item->[0]} };
1702 push @list, $item->[2];
1705 my $methods = (join '(...)>, C<', @list) . '(...)';
1709 #=head2 Object and class methods for C<$name>/C<$ptrname>
1711 #The principal Perl representation of a C object of type C<$name> is an
1712 #object of class C<$ptrname> which is a reference to an integer
1713 #representation of a C pointer. To create such an object, one may use
1716 # my \$buffer = $name->new();
1717 # my \$obj = \$buffer->_to_ptr();
1719 #This exersizes the following two methods, and an additional class
1720 #C<$name>, the internal representation of which is a reference to a
1721 #packed string with the C structure. Keep in mind that \$buffer should
1722 #better survive longer than \$obj.
1726 #=item C<\$object_of_type_$name-E<gt>_to_ptr()>
1728 #Converts an object of type C<$name> to an object of type C<$ptrname>.
1730 #=item C<$name-E<gt>new()>
1732 #Creates an empty object of type C<$name>. The corresponding packed
1733 #string is zeroed out.
1737 #return the current value of the corresponding element if called
1738 #without additional arguments. Set the element to the supplied value
1739 #(and return the new value) if called with an additional argument.
1741 #Applicable to objects of type C<$ptrname>.
1750 # Should be called before any actual call to normalize_type().
1752 # We do not want to read ./typemap by obvios reasons.
1753 my @tm = qw(../../../typemap ../../typemap ../typemap);
1754 my $stdtypemap = "$Config::Config{privlib}/ExtUtils/typemap";
1755 unshift @tm, $stdtypemap;
1756 my $proto_re = "[" . quotemeta('\$%&*@;') . "]" ;
1758 # Start with useful default values
1759 $typemap{float} = 'T_NV';
1761 foreach my $typemap (@tm) {
1762 next unless -e $typemap ;
1763 # skip directories, binary files etc.
1764 warn " Scanning $typemap\n";
1765 warn("Warning: ignoring non-text typemap file '$typemap'\n"), next
1766 unless -T $typemap ;
1767 open(TYPEMAP, $typemap)
1768 or warn ("Warning: could not open typemap file '$typemap': $!\n"), next;
1769 my $mode = 'Typemap';
1772 if (/^INPUT\s*$/) { $mode = 'Input'; next; }
1773 elsif (/^OUTPUT\s*$/) { $mode = 'Output'; next; }
1774 elsif (/^TYPEMAP\s*$/) { $mode = 'Typemap'; next; }
1775 elsif ($mode eq 'Typemap') {
1776 next if /^\s*($|\#)/ ;
1778 if ( ($type, $image) =
1779 /^\s*(.*?\S)\s+(\S+)\s*($proto_re*)\s*$/o
1780 # This may reference undefined functions:
1781 and not ($image eq 'T_PACKED' and $typemap eq $stdtypemap)) {
1782 $typemap{normalize_type($type)} = $image;
1786 close(TYPEMAP) or die "Cannot close $typemap: $!";
1788 %std_types = %types_seen;
1793 sub normalize_type { # Second arg: do not strip const's before \*
1795 my $do_keep_deep_const = shift;
1796 # If $do_keep_deep_const this is heuristical only
1797 my $keep_deep_const = ($do_keep_deep_const ? '\b(?![^(,)]*\*)' : '');
1799 = "(?:\\b(?:(?:__const__|const)$keep_deep_const|static|inline|__inline__)\\b\\s*)*";
1800 if ($do_keep_deep_const) { # Keep different compiled /RExen/o separately!
1801 $type =~ s/$ignore_mods//go;
1804 $type =~ s/$ignore_mods//go;
1806 $type =~ s/([^\s\w])/ $1 /g;
1810 $type =~ s/\* (?=\*)/*/g;
1811 $type =~ s/\. \. \./.../g;
1813 $types_seen{$type}++
1814 unless $type eq '...' or $type eq 'void' or $std_types{$type};
1820 sub assign_typemap_entry {
1824 if ($tmask and $type =~ /$tmask/) {
1825 print "Type $type matches -o mask\n" if $opt_d;
1826 $entry = (td_is_struct($type) ? "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT" : "T_PTROBJ");
1828 elsif ($typedef_rex and $type =~ s/($typedef_rex)/$typedefs_pre{$1}/go) {
1829 $type = normalize_type $type;
1830 print "Type mutation via typedefs: $otype ==> $type\n" if $opt_d;
1831 $entry = assign_typemap_entry($type);
1833 # XXX good do better if our UV happens to be long long
1834 return "T_NV" if $type =~ /^(unsigned\s+)?long\s+(long|double)\z/;
1835 $entry ||= $typemap{$otype}
1836 || (td_is_struct($type) ? "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT" : "T_PTROBJ");
1837 $typemap{$otype} = $entry;
1838 $need_opaque = 1 if $entry eq "T_OPAQUE_STRUCT";
1843 print_tievar_xsubs(\*XS, $_, $vdecl_hash{$_});
1847 for my $decl (@$fdecls_parsed) { print_decl(\*XS, $decl) }
1849 while (my($name, $struct) = each %structs) {
1850 print_accessors(\*XS, $name, $struct);
1859 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/typemap\n";
1860 open TM, ">typemap" or die "Cannot open typemap file for write: $!";
1862 for $type (sort keys %types_seen) {
1863 my $entry = assign_typemap_entry $type;
1864 print TM $type, "\t" x (5 - int((length $type)/8)), "\t$entry\n"
1867 print TM <<'EOP' if $need_opaque; # Older Perls do not have correct entry
1868 #############################################################################
1871 if (sv_derived_from($arg, \"${ntype}\")) {
1873 char *s = SvPV((SV*)SvRV($arg), len);
1875 if (len != sizeof($var))
1876 croak(\"Size %d of packed data != expected %d\",
1881 croak(\"$var is not of type ${ntype}\")
1882 #############################################################################
1885 sv_setref_pvn($arg, \"${ntype}\", (char *)&$var, sizeof($var));
1888 close TM or die "Cannot close typemap file for write: $!";
1893 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL\n";
1894 open(PL, ">Makefile.PL") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL: $!\n";
1898 if ( $compat_version < 5.00702 and $new_test )
1900 $prereq_pm .= q%'Test::More' => 0, %;
1903 if ( $compat_version < 5.00600 and !$opt_X and $use_xsloader)
1905 $prereq_pm .= q%'XSLoader' => 0, %;
1909 use $compat_version;
1910 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
1911 # See lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm for details of how to influence
1912 # the contents of the Makefile that is written.
1915 VERSION_FROM => '$modpmname', # finds \$VERSION
1916 PREREQ_PM => {$prereq_pm}, # e.g., Module::Name => 1.1
1917 (\$] >= 5.005 ? ## Add these new keywords supported since 5.005
1918 (ABSTRACT_FROM => '$modpmname', # retrieve abstract from module
1919 AUTHOR => '$author <$email>') : ()),
1921 if (!$opt_X) { # print C stuff, unless XS is disabled
1922 $opt_F = '' unless defined $opt_F;
1923 my $I = (((glob '*.h') || (glob '*.hh')) ? '-I.' : '');
1924 my $Ihelp = ($I ? '-I. ' : '');
1925 my $Icomment = ($I ? '' : <<EOC);
1926 # Insert -I. if you add *.h files later:
1930 LIBS => ['$extralibs'], # e.g., '-lm'
1931 DEFINE => '$opt_F', # e.g., '-DHAVE_SOMETHING'
1932 $Icomment INC => '$I', # e.g., '${Ihelp}-I/usr/include/other'
1935 my $C = grep {$_ ne "$modfname.c"}
1936 (glob '*.c'), (glob '*.cc'), (glob '*.C');
1937 my $Cpre = ($C ? '' : '# ');
1938 my $Ccomment = ($C ? '' : <<EOC);
1939 # Un-comment this if you add C files to link with later:
1943 $Ccomment ${Cpre}OBJECT => '\$(O_FILES)', # link all the C files too
1949 WriteMakefileSnippet ( C_FILE => $constscfname,
1950 XS_FILE => $constsxsfname,
1951 DEFAULT_TYPE => $opt_t,
1953 NAMES => \@const_names,
1956 if (eval {require ExtUtils::Constant; 1}) {
1957 # If you edit these definitions to change the constants used by this module,
1958 # you will need to use the generated $constscfname and $constsxsfname
1959 # files to replace their "fallback" counterparts before distributing your
1966 foreach my \$file ('$constscfname', '$constsxsfname') {
1967 my \$fallback = File::Spec->catfile('$fallbackdirname', \$file);
1968 copy (\$fallback, \$file) or die "Can't copy \$fallback to \$file: \$!";
1973 eval $generate_code;
1976 Attempting to test constant code in $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL:
1979 gave unexpected error $@
1980 Please report the circumstances of this bug in h2xs version $H2XS_VERSION
1981 using the perlbug script.
1986 foreach my $file ($constscfname, $constsxsfname) {
1987 my $fallback = File::Spec->catfile($fallbackdirname, $file);
1988 if (compare($file, $fallback)) {
1990 Files "$ext$modpname/$fallbackdirname/$file" and "$ext$modpname/$file" differ.
1996 warn fill ('','', <<"EOM") . "\n";
1997 It appears that the code in $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL does not autogenerate
1998 the files $ext$modpname/$constscfname and $ext$modpname/$constsxsfname
2001 Please report the circumstances of this bug in h2xs version $H2XS_VERSION
2002 using the perlbug script.
2005 unlink $constscfname, $constsxsfname;
2009 close(PL) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/Makefile.PL: $!\n";
2011 # Create a simple README since this is a CPAN requirement
2012 # and it doesnt hurt to have one
2013 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/README\n";
2014 open(RM, ">README") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/README:$!\n";
2015 my $thisyear = (gmtime)[5] + 1900;
2016 my $rmhead = "$modpname version $TEMPLATE_VERSION";
2017 my $rmheadeq = "=" x length($rmhead);
2021 if ( $compat_version < 5.00702 and $new_test )
2023 $rm_prereq = 'Test::More';
2027 $rm_prereq = 'blah blah blah';
2034 The README is used to introduce the module and provide instructions on
2035 how to install the module, any machine dependencies it may have (for
2036 example C compilers and installed libraries) and any other information
2037 that should be provided before the module is installed.
2039 A README file is required for CPAN modules since CPAN extracts the
2040 README file from a module distribution so that people browsing the
2041 archive can use it get an idea of the modules uses. It is usually a
2042 good idea to provide version information here so that people can
2043 decide whether fixes for the module are worth downloading.
2047 To install this module type the following:
2056 This module requires these other modules and libraries:
2060 COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE
2062 Put the correct copyright and licence information here.
2067 close(RM) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/README: $!\n";
2070 my $testfile = "$testdir/$modpname.t";
2071 unless (-d "$testdir") {
2072 mkdir "$testdir" or die "Cannot mkdir $testdir: $!\n";
2074 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/$testfile\n";
2075 my $tests = @const_names ? 2 : 1;
2077 open EX, ">$testfile" or die "Can't create $ext$modpname/$testfile: $!\n";
2080 # Before `make install' is performed this script should be runnable with
2081 # `make test'. After `make install' it should work as `perl $modpname.t'
2083 #########################
2085 # change 'tests => $tests' to 'tests => last_test_to_print';
2089 my $test_mod = 'Test::More';
2091 if ( $old_test or ($compat_version < 5.007 and not $new_test ))
2093 my $test_mod = 'Test';
2097 BEGIN { plan tests => $tests };
2099 ok(1); # If we made it this far, we're ok.
2104 my $const_names = join " ", @const_names;
2108 foreach my $constname (qw(
2111 print EX wrap ("\t", "\t", $const_names);
2112 print EX (")) {\n");
2115 next if (eval "my \\\$a = \$constname; 1");
2116 if (\$\@ =~ /^Your vendor has not defined $module macro \$constname/) {
2117 print "# pass: \$\@";
2119 print "# fail: \$\@";
2124 print "not ok 2\\n";
2135 use Test::More tests => $tests;
2136 BEGIN { use_ok('$module') };
2141 my $const_names = join " ", @const_names;
2145 foreach my $constname (qw(
2148 print EX wrap ("\t", "\t", $const_names);
2149 print EX (")) {\n");
2152 next if (eval "my \\\$a = \$constname; 1");
2153 if (\$\@ =~ /^Your vendor has not defined $module macro \$constname/) {
2154 print "# pass: \$\@";
2156 print "# fail: \$\@";
2162 ok( \$fail == 0 , 'Constants' );
2168 #########################
2170 # Insert your test code below, the $test_mod module is use()ed here so read
2171 # its man page ( perldoc $test_mod ) for help writing this test script.
2175 close(EX) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/$testfile: $!\n";
2178 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/Changes\n";
2180 open(EX, ">Changes") || die "Can't create $ext$modpname/Changes: $!\n";
2181 @ARGS = map {/[\s\"\'\`\$*?^|&<>\[\]\{\}\(\)]/ ? "'$_'" : $_} @ARGS;
2183 Revision history for Perl extension $module.
2185 $TEMPLATE_VERSION @{[scalar localtime]}
2186 \t- original version; created by h2xs $H2XS_VERSION with options
2190 close(EX) || die "Can't close $ext$modpname/Changes: $!\n";
2193 warn "Writing $ext$modpname/MANIFEST\n";
2194 open(MANI,'>MANIFEST') or die "Can't create MANIFEST: $!";
2195 my @files = grep { -f } (<*>, <t/*>, <$fallbackdirname/*>, <$modpmdir/*>);
2197 eval {opendir(D,'.');};
2198 unless ($@) { @files = readdir(D); closedir(D); }
2200 if (!@files) { @files = map {chomp && $_} `ls`; }
2203 # Clip trailing '.' for portability -- non-VMS OSs don't expect it
2205 # Fix up for case-sensitive file systems
2206 s/$modfname/$modfname/i && next;
2207 $_ = "\U$_" if $_ eq 'manifest' or $_ eq 'changes';
2208 $_ = 'Makefile.PL' if $_ eq 'makefile.pl';
2211 print MANI join("\n",@files), "\n";
2215 close OUT or die "Can't close $file: $!";
2216 chmod 0755, $file or die "Can't reset permissions for $file: $!\n";
2217 exec("$Config{'eunicefix'} $file") if $Config{'eunicefix'} ne ':';