3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2002, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * "Very useful, no doubt, that was to Saruman; yet it seems that he was
12 * not content." --Gandalf
16 #define PERL_IN_UTIL_C
20 #if !defined(NSIG) || defined(M_UNIX) || defined(M_XENIX)
25 # define SIG_ERR ((Sighandler_t) -1)
30 # include <sys/wait.h>
35 # include <sys/select.h>
41 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD) && !defined(FD_CLOEXEC)
42 # define FD_CLOEXEC 1 /* NeXT needs this */
45 /* NOTE: Do not call the next three routines directly. Use the macros
46 * in handy.h, so that we can easily redefine everything to do tracking of
47 * allocated hunks back to the original New to track down any memory leaks.
48 * XXX This advice seems to be widely ignored :-( --AD August 1996.
51 /* paranoid version of system's malloc() */
54 Perl_safesysmalloc(MEM_SIZE size)
60 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
61 "Allocation too large: %lx\n", size) FLUSH;
64 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
67 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: malloc");
69 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(size?size:1); /* malloc(0) is NASTY on our system */
70 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
71 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) malloc %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)size));
77 PerlIO_puts(Perl_error_log,PL_no_mem) FLUSH;
84 /* paranoid version of system's realloc() */
87 Perl_safesysrealloc(Malloc_t where,MEM_SIZE size)
91 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_REALLOC_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
92 Malloc_t PerlMem_realloc();
93 #endif /* !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_REALLOC_PROTOTYPE) */
97 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
98 "Reallocation too large: %lx\n", size) FLUSH;
101 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
108 return safesysmalloc(size);
111 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: realloc");
113 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_realloc(where,size);
114 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
116 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) rfree\n",PTR2UV(where),(long)PL_an++));
117 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) realloc %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)size));
124 PerlIO_puts(Perl_error_log,PL_no_mem) FLUSH;
131 /* safe version of system's free() */
134 Perl_safesysfree(Malloc_t where)
136 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
139 DEBUG_m( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) free\n",PTR2UV(where),(long)PL_an++));
146 /* safe version of system's calloc() */
149 Perl_safesyscalloc(MEM_SIZE count, MEM_SIZE size)
155 if (size * count > 0xffff) {
156 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
157 "Allocation too large: %lx\n", size * count) FLUSH;
160 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
162 if ((long)size < 0 || (long)count < 0)
163 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: calloc");
166 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(size?size:1); /* malloc(0) is NASTY on our system */
167 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
168 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) calloc %ld x %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)count,(long)size));
170 memset((void*)ptr, 0, size);
176 PerlIO_puts(Perl_error_log,PL_no_mem) FLUSH;
183 /* These must be defined when not using Perl's malloc for binary
188 Malloc_t Perl_malloc (MEM_SIZE nbytes)
191 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(nbytes);
194 Malloc_t Perl_calloc (MEM_SIZE elements, MEM_SIZE size)
197 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_calloc(elements, size);
200 Malloc_t Perl_realloc (Malloc_t where, MEM_SIZE nbytes)
203 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_realloc(where, nbytes);
206 Free_t Perl_mfree (Malloc_t where)
214 /* copy a string up to some (non-backslashed) delimiter, if any */
217 Perl_delimcpy(pTHX_ register char *to, register char *toend, register char *from, register char *fromend, register int delim, I32 *retlen)
220 for (tolen = 0; from < fromend; from++, tolen++) {
222 if (from[1] == delim)
231 else if (*from == delim)
242 /* return ptr to little string in big string, NULL if not found */
243 /* This routine was donated by Corey Satten. */
246 Perl_instr(pTHX_ register const char *big, register const char *little)
248 register const char *s, *x;
259 for (x=big,s=little; *s; /**/ ) {
268 return (char*)(big-1);
273 /* same as instr but allow embedded nulls */
276 Perl_ninstr(pTHX_ register const char *big, register const char *bigend, const char *little, const char *lend)
278 register const char *s, *x;
279 register I32 first = *little;
280 register const char *littleend = lend;
282 if (!first && little >= littleend)
284 if (bigend - big < littleend - little)
286 bigend -= littleend - little++;
287 while (big <= bigend) {
290 for (x=big,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
297 return (char*)(big-1);
302 /* reverse of the above--find last substring */
305 Perl_rninstr(pTHX_ register const char *big, const char *bigend, const char *little, const char *lend)
307 register const char *bigbeg;
308 register const char *s, *x;
309 register I32 first = *little;
310 register const char *littleend = lend;
312 if (!first && little >= littleend)
313 return (char*)bigend;
315 big = bigend - (littleend - little++);
316 while (big >= bigbeg) {
319 for (x=big+2,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
326 return (char*)(big+1);
331 #define FBM_TABLE_OFFSET 2 /* Number of bytes between EOS and table*/
333 /* As a space optimization, we do not compile tables for strings of length
334 0 and 1, and for strings of length 2 unless FBMcf_TAIL. These are
335 special-cased in fbm_instr().
337 If FBMcf_TAIL, the table is created as if the string has a trailing \n. */
340 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
342 =for apidoc fbm_compile
344 Analyses the string in order to make fast searches on it using fbm_instr()
345 -- the Boyer-Moore algorithm.
351 Perl_fbm_compile(pTHX_ SV *sv, U32 flags)
360 if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL)
361 sv_catpvn(sv, "\n", 1); /* Taken into account in fbm_instr() */
362 s = (U8*)SvPV_force(sv, len);
363 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVBM);
364 if (len == 0) /* TAIL might be on a zero-length string. */
374 Sv_Grow(sv, len + 256 + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
375 table = (unsigned char*)(SvPVX(sv) + len + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
376 s = table - 1 - FBM_TABLE_OFFSET; /* last char */
377 memset((void*)table, mlen, 256);
378 table[-1] = (U8)flags;
380 sb = s - mlen + 1; /* first char (maybe) */
382 if (table[*s] == mlen)
387 sv_magic(sv, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_bm, Nullch, 0); /* deep magic */
390 s = (unsigned char*)(SvPVX(sv)); /* deeper magic */
391 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
392 if (PL_freq[s[i]] < frequency) {
394 frequency = PL_freq[s[i]];
397 BmRARE(sv) = s[rarest];
398 BmPREVIOUS(sv) = (U16)rarest;
399 BmUSEFUL(sv) = 100; /* Initial value */
400 if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL)
402 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "rarest char %c at %d\n",
403 BmRARE(sv),BmPREVIOUS(sv)));
406 /* If SvTAIL(littlestr), it has a fake '\n' at end. */
407 /* If SvTAIL is actually due to \Z or \z, this gives false positives
411 =for apidoc fbm_instr
413 Returns the location of the SV in the string delimited by C<str> and
414 C<strend>. It returns C<Nullch> if the string can't be found. The C<sv>
415 does not have to be fbm_compiled, but the search will not be as fast
422 Perl_fbm_instr(pTHX_ unsigned char *big, register unsigned char *bigend, SV *littlestr, U32 flags)
424 register unsigned char *s;
426 register unsigned char *little = (unsigned char *)SvPV(littlestr,l);
427 register STRLEN littlelen = l;
428 register I32 multiline = flags & FBMrf_MULTILINE;
430 if ((STRLEN)(bigend - big) < littlelen) {
431 if ( SvTAIL(littlestr)
432 && ((STRLEN)(bigend - big) == littlelen - 1)
434 || (*big == *little &&
435 memEQ((char *)big, (char *)little, littlelen - 1))))
440 if (littlelen <= 2) { /* Special-cased */
442 if (littlelen == 1) {
443 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) { /* Anchor only! */
444 /* Know that bigend != big. */
445 if (bigend[-1] == '\n')
446 return (char *)(bigend - 1);
447 return (char *) bigend;
455 if (SvTAIL(littlestr))
456 return (char *) bigend;
460 return (char*)big; /* Cannot be SvTAIL! */
463 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) {
464 if (bigend[-1] == '\n' && bigend[-2] == *little)
465 return (char*)bigend - 2;
466 if (bigend[-1] == *little)
467 return (char*)bigend - 1;
471 /* This should be better than FBM if c1 == c2, and almost
472 as good otherwise: maybe better since we do less indirection.
473 And we save a lot of memory by caching no table. */
474 register unsigned char c1 = little[0];
475 register unsigned char c2 = little[1];
480 while (s <= bigend) {
490 goto check_1char_anchor;
501 goto check_1char_anchor;
504 while (s <= bigend) {
509 goto check_1char_anchor;
518 check_1char_anchor: /* One char and anchor! */
519 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && (*bigend == *little))
520 return (char *)bigend; /* bigend is already decremented. */
523 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) { /* tail anchored? */
524 s = bigend - littlelen;
525 if (s >= big && bigend[-1] == '\n' && *s == *little
526 /* Automatically of length > 2 */
527 && memEQ((char*)s + 1, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
529 return (char*)s; /* how sweet it is */
532 && memEQ((char*)s + 2, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
534 return (char*)s + 1; /* how sweet it is */
538 if (SvTYPE(littlestr) != SVt_PVBM || !SvVALID(littlestr)) {
539 char *b = ninstr((char*)big,(char*)bigend,
540 (char*)little, (char*)little + littlelen);
542 if (!b && SvTAIL(littlestr)) { /* Automatically multiline! */
543 /* Chop \n from littlestr: */
544 s = bigend - littlelen + 1;
546 && memEQ((char*)s + 1, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
555 { /* Do actual FBM. */
556 register unsigned char *table = little + littlelen + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET;
557 register unsigned char *oldlittle;
559 if (littlelen > (STRLEN)(bigend - big))
561 --littlelen; /* Last char found by table lookup */
564 little += littlelen; /* last char */
571 if ((tmp = table[*s])) {
572 if ((s += tmp) < bigend)
576 else { /* less expensive than calling strncmp() */
577 register unsigned char *olds = s;
582 if (*--s == *--little)
584 s = olds + 1; /* here we pay the price for failure */
586 if (s < bigend) /* fake up continue to outer loop */
594 if ( s == bigend && (table[-1] & FBMcf_TAIL)
595 && memEQ((char *)(bigend - littlelen),
596 (char *)(oldlittle - littlelen), littlelen) )
597 return (char*)bigend - littlelen;
602 /* start_shift, end_shift are positive quantities which give offsets
603 of ends of some substring of bigstr.
604 If `last' we want the last occurrence.
605 old_posp is the way of communication between consequent calls if
606 the next call needs to find the .
607 The initial *old_posp should be -1.
609 Note that we take into account SvTAIL, so one can get extra
610 optimizations if _ALL flag is set.
613 /* If SvTAIL is actually due to \Z or \z, this gives false positives
614 if PL_multiline. In fact if !PL_multiline the authoritative answer
615 is not supported yet. */
618 Perl_screaminstr(pTHX_ SV *bigstr, SV *littlestr, I32 start_shift, I32 end_shift, I32 *old_posp, I32 last)
620 register unsigned char *s, *x;
621 register unsigned char *big;
623 register I32 previous;
625 register unsigned char *little;
626 register I32 stop_pos;
627 register unsigned char *littleend;
631 ? (pos = PL_screamfirst[BmRARE(littlestr)]) < 0
632 : (((pos = *old_posp), pos += PL_screamnext[pos]) == 0)) {
634 if ( BmRARE(littlestr) == '\n'
635 && BmPREVIOUS(littlestr) == SvCUR(littlestr) - 1) {
636 little = (unsigned char *)(SvPVX(littlestr));
637 littleend = little + SvCUR(littlestr);
644 little = (unsigned char *)(SvPVX(littlestr));
645 littleend = little + SvCUR(littlestr);
647 /* The value of pos we can start at: */
648 previous = BmPREVIOUS(littlestr);
649 big = (unsigned char *)(SvPVX(bigstr));
650 /* The value of pos we can stop at: */
651 stop_pos = SvCUR(bigstr) - end_shift - (SvCUR(littlestr) - 1 - previous);
652 if (previous + start_shift > stop_pos) {
654 stop_pos does not include SvTAIL in the count, so this check is incorrect
655 (I think) - see [ID 20010618.006] and t/op/study.t. HVDS 2001/06/19
658 if (previous + start_shift == stop_pos + 1) /* A fake '\n'? */
663 while (pos < previous + start_shift) {
664 if (!(pos += PL_screamnext[pos]))
669 if (pos >= stop_pos) break;
670 if (big[pos] != first)
672 for (x=big+pos+1,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
678 if (s == littleend) {
680 if (!last) return (char *)(big+pos);
683 } while ( pos += PL_screamnext[pos] );
685 return (char *)(big+(*old_posp));
687 if (!SvTAIL(littlestr) || (end_shift > 0))
689 /* Ignore the trailing "\n". This code is not microoptimized */
690 big = (unsigned char *)(SvPVX(bigstr) + SvCUR(bigstr));
691 stop_pos = littleend - little; /* Actual littlestr len */
696 && ((stop_pos == 1) ||
697 memEQ((char *)(big + 1), (char *)little, stop_pos - 1)))
703 Perl_ibcmp(pTHX_ const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
705 register U8 *a = (U8 *)s1;
706 register U8 *b = (U8 *)s2;
708 if (*a != *b && *a != PL_fold[*b])
716 Perl_ibcmp_locale(pTHX_ const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
718 register U8 *a = (U8 *)s1;
719 register U8 *b = (U8 *)s2;
721 if (*a != *b && *a != PL_fold_locale[*b])
728 /* copy a string to a safe spot */
731 =head1 Memory Management
735 Perl's version of C<strdup()>. Returns a pointer to a newly allocated
736 string which is a duplicate of C<pv>. The size of the string is
737 determined by C<strlen()>. The memory allocated for the new string can
738 be freed with the C<Safefree()> function.
744 Perl_savepv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
746 register char *newaddr = Nullch;
748 New(902,newaddr,strlen(pv)+1,char);
749 (void)strcpy(newaddr,pv);
754 /* same thing but with a known length */
759 Perl's version of what C<strndup()> would be if it existed. Returns a
760 pointer to a newly allocated string which is a duplicate of the first
761 C<len> bytes from C<pv>. The memory allocated for the new string can be
762 freed with the C<Safefree()> function.
768 Perl_savepvn(pTHX_ const char *pv, register I32 len)
770 register char *newaddr;
772 New(903,newaddr,len+1,char);
773 /* Give a meaning to NULL pointer mainly for the use in sv_magic() */
775 Copy(pv,newaddr,len,char); /* might not be null terminated */
776 newaddr[len] = '\0'; /* is now */
779 Zero(newaddr,len+1,char);
785 =for apidoc savesharedpv
787 A version of C<savepv()> which allocates the duplicate string in memory
788 which is shared between threads.
793 Perl_savesharedpv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
795 register char *newaddr = Nullch;
797 newaddr = (char*)PerlMemShared_malloc(strlen(pv)+1);
798 (void)strcpy(newaddr,pv);
805 /* the SV for Perl_form() and mess() is not kept in an arena */
814 return sv_2mortal(newSVpvn("",0));
819 /* Create as PVMG now, to avoid any upgrading later */
821 Newz(905, any, 1, XPVMG);
822 SvFLAGS(sv) = SVt_PVMG;
823 SvANY(sv) = (void*)any;
824 SvREFCNT(sv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
829 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
831 Perl_form_nocontext(const char* pat, ...)
837 retval = vform(pat, &args);
841 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
844 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
847 Takes a sprintf-style format pattern and conventional
848 (non-SV) arguments and returns the formatted string.
850 (char *) Perl_form(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
852 can be used any place a string (char *) is required:
854 char * s = Perl_form("%d.%d",major,minor);
856 Uses a single private buffer so if you want to format several strings you
857 must explicitly copy the earlier strings away (and free the copies when you
864 Perl_form(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
869 retval = vform(pat, &args);
875 Perl_vform(pTHX_ const char *pat, va_list *args)
877 SV *sv = mess_alloc();
878 sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, strlen(pat), args, Null(SV**), 0, Null(bool*));
882 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
884 Perl_mess_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
890 retval = vmess(pat, &args);
894 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
897 Perl_mess(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
902 retval = vmess(pat, &args);
908 S_closest_cop(pTHX_ COP *cop, OP *o)
910 /* Look for PL_op starting from o. cop is the last COP we've seen. */
912 if (!o || o == PL_op) return cop;
914 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
916 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
920 /* If the OP_NEXTSTATE has been optimised away we can still use it
921 * the get the file and line number. */
923 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE)
926 /* Keep searching, and return when we've found something. */
928 new_cop = closest_cop(cop, kid);
929 if (new_cop) return new_cop;
939 Perl_vmess(pTHX_ const char *pat, va_list *args)
941 SV *sv = mess_alloc();
942 static char dgd[] = " during global destruction.\n";
945 sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, strlen(pat), args, Null(SV**), 0, Null(bool*));
946 if (!SvCUR(sv) || *(SvEND(sv) - 1) != '\n') {
949 * Try and find the file and line for PL_op. This will usually be
950 * PL_curcop, but it might be a cop that has been optimised away. We
951 * can try to find such a cop by searching through the optree starting
952 * from the sibling of PL_curcop.
955 cop = closest_cop(PL_curcop, PL_curcop->op_sibling);
956 if (!cop) cop = PL_curcop;
959 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " at %s line %"IVdf,
960 OutCopFILE(cop), (IV)CopLINE(cop));
961 if (GvIO(PL_last_in_gv) && IoLINES(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv))) {
962 bool line_mode = (RsSIMPLE(PL_rs) &&
963 SvCUR(PL_rs) == 1 && *SvPVX(PL_rs) == '\n');
964 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, ", <%s> %s %"IVdf,
965 PL_last_in_gv == PL_argvgv ?
966 "" : GvNAME(PL_last_in_gv),
967 line_mode ? "line" : "chunk",
968 (IV)IoLINES(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv)));
970 sv_catpv(sv, PL_dirty ? dgd : ".\n");
976 Perl_vdie(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
979 int was_in_eval = PL_in_eval;
986 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
987 "%p: die: curstack = %p, mainstack = %p\n",
988 thr, PL_curstack, PL_mainstack));
991 msv = vmess(pat, args);
992 if (PL_errors && SvCUR(PL_errors)) {
993 sv_catsv(PL_errors, msv);
994 message = SvPV(PL_errors, msglen);
995 SvCUR_set(PL_errors, 0);
998 message = SvPV(msv,msglen);
1005 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1006 "%p: die: message = %s\ndiehook = %p\n",
1007 thr, message, PL_diehook));
1009 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_croak() */
1010 SV *olddiehook = PL_diehook;
1012 SAVESPTR(PL_diehook);
1013 PL_diehook = Nullsv;
1014 cv = sv_2cv(olddiehook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1016 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1023 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1031 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_DIEHOOK);
1035 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1041 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1042 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1043 "%p: die: restartop = %p, was_in_eval = %d, top_env = %p\n",
1044 thr, PL_restartop, was_in_eval, PL_top_env));
1045 if ((!PL_restartop && was_in_eval) || PL_top_env->je_prev)
1047 return PL_restartop;
1050 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1052 Perl_die_nocontext(const char* pat, ...)
1057 va_start(args, pat);
1058 o = vdie(pat, &args);
1062 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1065 Perl_die(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
1069 va_start(args, pat);
1070 o = vdie(pat, &args);
1076 Perl_vcroak(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
1086 msv = vmess(pat, args);
1087 if (PL_errors && SvCUR(PL_errors)) {
1088 sv_catsv(PL_errors, msv);
1089 message = SvPV(PL_errors, msglen);
1090 SvCUR_set(PL_errors, 0);
1093 message = SvPV(msv,msglen);
1100 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "croak: 0x%"UVxf" %s",
1101 PTR2UV(thr), message));
1104 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_croak() */
1105 SV *olddiehook = PL_diehook;
1107 SAVESPTR(PL_diehook);
1108 PL_diehook = Nullsv;
1109 cv = sv_2cv(olddiehook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1111 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1118 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1126 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_DIEHOOK);
1130 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1136 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1140 message = SvPVx(ERRSV, msglen);
1144 /* SFIO can really mess with your errno */
1147 PerlIO *serr = Perl_error_log;
1149 PERL_WRITE_MSG_TO_CONSOLE(serr, message, msglen);
1150 (void)PerlIO_flush(serr);
1158 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1160 Perl_croak_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
1164 va_start(args, pat);
1169 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1172 =head1 Warning and Dieing
1176 This is the XSUB-writer's interface to Perl's C<die> function.
1177 Normally use this function the same way you use the C C<printf>
1178 function. See C<warn>.
1180 If you want to throw an exception object, assign the object to
1181 C<$@> and then pass C<Nullch> to croak():
1183 errsv = get_sv("@", TRUE);
1184 sv_setsv(errsv, exception_object);
1191 Perl_croak(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1194 va_start(args, pat);
1201 Perl_vwarn(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
1212 msv = vmess(pat, args);
1213 message = SvPV(msv, msglen);
1216 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_warn() */
1217 SV *oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
1219 SAVESPTR(PL_warnhook);
1220 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
1221 cv = sv_2cv(oldwarnhook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1223 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1229 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1233 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_WARNHOOK);
1237 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1244 /* if STDERR is tied, use it instead */
1245 if (PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv))
1246 && (mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar))) {
1249 XPUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)io, mg));
1250 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(message, msglen)));
1252 call_method("PRINT", G_SCALAR);
1258 PerlIO *serr = Perl_error_log;
1260 PERL_WRITE_MSG_TO_CONSOLE(serr, message, msglen);
1261 (void)PerlIO_flush(serr);
1265 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1267 Perl_warn_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
1271 va_start(args, pat);
1275 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1280 This is the XSUB-writer's interface to Perl's C<warn> function. Use this
1281 function the same way you use the C C<printf> function. See
1288 Perl_warn(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1291 va_start(args, pat);
1296 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1298 Perl_warner_nocontext(U32 err, const char *pat, ...)
1302 va_start(args, pat);
1303 vwarner(err, pat, &args);
1306 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1309 Perl_warner(pTHX_ U32 err, const char* pat,...)
1312 va_start(args, pat);
1313 vwarner(err, pat, &args);
1318 Perl_vwarner(pTHX_ U32 err, const char* pat, va_list* args)
1327 msv = vmess(pat, args);
1328 message = SvPV(msv, msglen);
1332 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_croak() */
1333 SV *olddiehook = PL_diehook;
1335 SAVESPTR(PL_diehook);
1336 PL_diehook = Nullsv;
1337 cv = sv_2cv(olddiehook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1339 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1345 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1349 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_DIEHOOK);
1353 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1359 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1363 PerlIO *serr = Perl_error_log;
1364 PERL_WRITE_MSG_TO_CONSOLE(serr, message, msglen);
1365 (void)PerlIO_flush(serr);
1371 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_warn() */
1372 SV *oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
1374 SAVESPTR(PL_warnhook);
1375 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
1376 cv = sv_2cv(oldwarnhook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1378 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1384 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1388 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_WARNHOOK);
1392 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1399 PerlIO *serr = Perl_error_log;
1400 PERL_WRITE_MSG_TO_CONSOLE(serr, message, msglen);
1401 (void)PerlIO_flush(serr);
1406 /* since we've already done strlen() for both nam and val
1407 * we can use that info to make things faster than
1408 * sprintf(s, "%s=%s", nam, val)
1410 #define my_setenv_format(s, nam, nlen, val, vlen) \
1411 Copy(nam, s, nlen, char); \
1413 Copy(val, s+(nlen+1), vlen, char); \
1414 *(s+(nlen+1+vlen)) = '\0'
1416 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
1417 /* VMS' my_setenv() is in vms.c */
1418 #if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
1420 Perl_my_setenv(pTHX_ char *nam, char *val)
1423 /* only parent thread can modify process environment */
1424 if (PL_curinterp == aTHX)
1427 #ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1428 /* most putenv()s leak, so we manipulate environ directly */
1429 register I32 i=setenv_getix(nam); /* where does it go? */
1432 if (environ == PL_origenviron) { /* need we copy environment? */
1438 for (max = i; environ[max]; max++) ;
1439 tmpenv = (char**)safesysmalloc((max+2) * sizeof(char*));
1440 for (j=0; j<max; j++) { /* copy environment */
1441 int len = strlen(environ[j]);
1442 tmpenv[j] = (char*)safesysmalloc((len+1)*sizeof(char));
1443 Copy(environ[j], tmpenv[j], len+1, char);
1445 tmpenv[max] = Nullch;
1446 environ = tmpenv; /* tell exec where it is now */
1449 safesysfree(environ[i]);
1450 while (environ[i]) {
1451 environ[i] = environ[i+1];
1456 if (!environ[i]) { /* does not exist yet */
1457 environ = (char**)safesysrealloc(environ, (i+2) * sizeof(char*));
1458 environ[i+1] = Nullch; /* make sure it's null terminated */
1461 safesysfree(environ[i]);
1465 environ[i] = (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen+vlen+2) * sizeof(char));
1466 /* all that work just for this */
1467 my_setenv_format(environ[i], nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1469 #else /* PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV */
1470 # if defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined( EPOC)
1471 setenv(nam, val, 1);
1474 int nlen = strlen(nam), vlen;
1479 new_env = (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen + vlen + 2) * sizeof(char));
1480 /* all that work just for this */
1481 my_setenv_format(new_env, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1482 (void)putenv(new_env);
1483 # endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
1484 #endif /* PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV */
1488 #else /* WIN32 || NETWARE */
1491 Perl_my_setenv(pTHX_ char *nam,char *val)
1493 register char *envstr;
1494 int nlen = strlen(nam), vlen;
1500 New(904, envstr, nlen+vlen+2, char);
1501 my_setenv_format(envstr, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1502 (void)PerlEnv_putenv(envstr);
1506 #endif /* WIN32 || NETWARE */
1509 Perl_setenv_getix(pTHX_ char *nam)
1511 register I32 i, len = strlen(nam);
1513 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++) {
1516 strnicmp(environ[i],nam,len) == 0
1518 strnEQ(environ[i],nam,len)
1520 && environ[i][len] == '=')
1521 break; /* strnEQ must come first to avoid */
1522 } /* potential SEGV's */
1526 #endif /* !VMS && !EPOC*/
1528 #ifdef UNLINK_ALL_VERSIONS
1530 Perl_unlnk(pTHX_ char *f) /* unlink all versions of a file */
1534 for (i = 0; PerlLIO_unlink(f) >= 0; i++) ;
1539 /* this is a drop-in replacement for bcopy() */
1540 #if (!defined(HAS_MEMCPY) && !defined(HAS_BCOPY)) || (!defined(HAS_MEMMOVE) && !defined(HAS_SAFE_MEMCPY) && !defined(HAS_SAFE_BCOPY))
1542 Perl_my_bcopy(register const char *from,register char *to,register I32 len)
1546 if (from - to >= 0) {
1554 *(--to) = *(--from);
1560 /* this is a drop-in replacement for memset() */
1563 Perl_my_memset(register char *loc, register I32 ch, register I32 len)
1573 /* this is a drop-in replacement for bzero() */
1574 #if !defined(HAS_BZERO) && !defined(HAS_MEMSET)
1576 Perl_my_bzero(register char *loc, register I32 len)
1586 /* this is a drop-in replacement for memcmp() */
1587 #if !defined(HAS_MEMCMP) || !defined(HAS_SANE_MEMCMP)
1589 Perl_my_memcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
1591 register U8 *a = (U8 *)s1;
1592 register U8 *b = (U8 *)s2;
1596 if (tmp = *a++ - *b++)
1601 #endif /* !HAS_MEMCMP || !HAS_SANE_MEMCMP */
1605 #ifdef USE_CHAR_VSPRINTF
1610 vsprintf(char *dest, const char *pat, char *args)
1614 fakebuf._ptr = dest;
1615 fakebuf._cnt = 32767;
1619 fakebuf._flag = _IOWRT|_IOSTRG;
1620 _doprnt(pat, args, &fakebuf); /* what a kludge */
1621 (void)putc('\0', &fakebuf);
1622 #ifdef USE_CHAR_VSPRINTF
1625 return 0; /* perl doesn't use return value */
1629 #endif /* HAS_VPRINTF */
1632 #if BYTEORDER != 0x4321
1634 Perl_my_swap(pTHX_ short s)
1636 #if (BYTEORDER & 1) == 0
1639 result = ((s & 255) << 8) + ((s >> 8) & 255);
1647 Perl_my_htonl(pTHX_ long l)
1651 char c[sizeof(long)];
1654 #if BYTEORDER == 0x1234
1655 u.c[0] = (l >> 24) & 255;
1656 u.c[1] = (l >> 16) & 255;
1657 u.c[2] = (l >> 8) & 255;
1661 #if ((BYTEORDER - 0x1111) & 0x444) || !(BYTEORDER & 0xf)
1662 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown BYTEORDER\n");
1667 for (o = BYTEORDER - 0x1111, s = 0; s < (sizeof(long)*8); o >>= 4, s += 8) {
1668 u.c[o & 0xf] = (l >> s) & 255;
1676 Perl_my_ntohl(pTHX_ long l)
1680 char c[sizeof(long)];
1683 #if BYTEORDER == 0x1234
1684 u.c[0] = (l >> 24) & 255;
1685 u.c[1] = (l >> 16) & 255;
1686 u.c[2] = (l >> 8) & 255;
1690 #if ((BYTEORDER - 0x1111) & 0x444) || !(BYTEORDER & 0xf)
1691 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown BYTEORDER\n");
1698 for (o = BYTEORDER - 0x1111, s = 0; s < (sizeof(long)*8); o >>= 4, s += 8) {
1699 l |= (u.c[o & 0xf] & 255) << s;
1706 #endif /* BYTEORDER != 0x4321 */
1710 * Little-endian byte order functions - 'v' for 'VAX', or 'reVerse'.
1711 * If these functions are defined,
1712 * the BYTEORDER is neither 0x1234 nor 0x4321.
1713 * However, this is not assumed.
1717 #define HTOV(name,type) \
1719 name (register type n) \
1723 char c[sizeof(type)]; \
1727 for (i = 0, s = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s += 8) { \
1728 u.c[i] = (n >> s) & 0xFF; \
1733 #define VTOH(name,type) \
1735 name (register type n) \
1739 char c[sizeof(type)]; \
1745 for (i = 0, s = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s += 8) { \
1746 n += (u.c[i] & 0xFF) << s; \
1751 #if defined(HAS_HTOVS) && !defined(htovs)
1754 #if defined(HAS_HTOVL) && !defined(htovl)
1757 #if defined(HAS_VTOHS) && !defined(vtohs)
1760 #if defined(HAS_VTOHL) && !defined(vtohl)
1765 Perl_my_popen_list(pTHX_ char *mode, int n, SV **args)
1767 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(OS2) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL) && !defined(NETWARE)
1769 register I32 This, that;
1775 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
1776 This = (*mode == 'w');
1780 taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
1782 if (PerlProc_pipe(p) < 0)
1784 /* Try for another pipe pair for error return */
1785 if (PerlProc_pipe(pp) >= 0)
1787 while ((pid = PerlProc_fork()) < 0) {
1788 if (errno != EAGAIN) {
1789 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1790 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
1792 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1793 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
1805 /* Close parent's end of error status pipe (if any) */
1807 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1808 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
1809 /* Close error pipe automatically if exec works */
1810 fcntl(pp[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1813 /* Now dup our end of _the_ pipe to right position */
1814 if (p[THIS] != (*mode == 'r')) {
1815 PerlLIO_dup2(p[THIS], *mode == 'r');
1816 PerlLIO_close(p[THIS]);
1817 if (p[THAT] != (*mode == 'r')) /* if dup2() didn't close it */
1818 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]); /* close parent's end of _the_ pipe */
1821 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]); /* close parent's end of _the_ pipe */
1822 #if !defined(HAS_FCNTL) || !defined(F_SETFD)
1823 /* No automatic close - do it by hand */
1830 for (fd = PL_maxsysfd + 1; fd < NOFILE; fd++) {
1836 do_aexec5(Nullsv, args-1, args-1+n, pp[1], did_pipes);
1842 do_execfree(); /* free any memory malloced by child on fork */
1844 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
1845 /* Keep the lower of the two fd numbers */
1846 if (p[that] < p[This]) {
1847 PerlLIO_dup2(p[This], p[that]);
1848 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1852 PerlLIO_close(p[that]); /* close child's end of pipe */
1855 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[This],TRUE);
1857 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
1859 PL_forkprocess = pid;
1860 /* If we managed to get status pipe check for exec fail */
1861 if (did_pipes && pid > 0) {
1865 while (n < sizeof(int)) {
1866 n1 = PerlLIO_read(pp[0],
1867 (void*)(((char*)&errkid)+n),
1873 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1875 if (n) { /* Error */
1877 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1878 if (n != sizeof(int))
1879 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: kid popen errno read");
1881 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
1882 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
1883 errno = errkid; /* Propagate errno from kid */
1888 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1889 return PerlIO_fdopen(p[This], mode);
1891 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "List form of piped open not implemented");
1892 return (PerlIO *) NULL;
1896 /* VMS' my_popen() is in VMS.c, same with OS/2. */
1897 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
1899 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ char *cmd, char *mode)
1902 register I32 This, that;
1905 I32 doexec = strNE(cmd,"-");
1909 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
1912 return my_syspopen(aTHX_ cmd,mode);
1915 This = (*mode == 'w');
1917 if (doexec && PL_tainting) {
1919 taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
1921 if (PerlProc_pipe(p) < 0)
1923 if (doexec && PerlProc_pipe(pp) >= 0)
1925 while ((pid = PerlProc_fork()) < 0) {
1926 if (errno != EAGAIN) {
1927 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1928 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
1930 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1931 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
1934 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't fork");
1947 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1948 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
1949 fcntl(pp[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1952 if (p[THIS] != (*mode == 'r')) {
1953 PerlLIO_dup2(p[THIS], *mode == 'r');
1954 PerlLIO_close(p[THIS]);
1955 if (p[THAT] != (*mode == 'r')) /* if dup2() didn't close it */
1956 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);
1959 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);
1962 #if !defined(HAS_FCNTL) || !defined(F_SETFD)
1971 for (fd = PL_maxsysfd + 1; fd < NOFILE; fd++)
1976 /* may or may not use the shell */
1977 do_exec3(cmd, pp[1], did_pipes);
1980 #endif /* defined OS2 */
1982 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
1983 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
1984 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), PerlProc_getpid());
1985 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
1987 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1988 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
1991 hv_clear(PL_pidstatus); /* we have no children */
1996 do_execfree(); /* free any memory malloced by child on vfork */
1998 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
1999 if (p[that] < p[This]) {
2000 PerlLIO_dup2(p[This], p[that]);
2001 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2005 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
2008 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[This],TRUE);
2010 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
2012 PL_forkprocess = pid;
2013 if (did_pipes && pid > 0) {
2017 while (n < sizeof(int)) {
2018 n1 = PerlLIO_read(pp[0],
2019 (void*)(((char*)&errkid)+n),
2025 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2027 if (n) { /* Error */
2029 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2030 if (n != sizeof(int))
2031 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: kid popen errno read");
2033 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2034 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
2035 errno = errkid; /* Propagate errno from kid */
2040 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2041 return PerlIO_fdopen(p[This], mode);
2044 #if defined(atarist) || defined(EPOC)
2047 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ char *cmd, char *mode)
2049 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2050 /* Call system's popen() to get a FILE *, then import it.
2051 used 0 for 2nd parameter to PerlIO_importFILE;
2054 return PerlIO_importFILE(popen(cmd, mode), 0);
2058 FILE *djgpp_popen();
2060 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ char *cmd, char *mode)
2062 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2063 /* Call system's popen() to get a FILE *, then import it.
2064 used 0 for 2nd parameter to PerlIO_importFILE;
2067 return PerlIO_importFILE(djgpp_popen(cmd, mode), 0);
2072 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2074 /* this is called in parent before the fork() */
2076 Perl_atfork_lock(void)
2078 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2079 /* locks must be held in locking order (if any) */
2081 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex);
2087 /* this is called in both parent and child after the fork() */
2089 Perl_atfork_unlock(void)
2091 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2092 /* locks must be released in same order as in atfork_lock() */
2094 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex);
2103 #if defined(HAS_FORK)
2105 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(HAS_PTHREAD_ATFORK)
2110 /* atfork_lock() and atfork_unlock() are installed as pthread_atfork()
2111 * handlers elsewhere in the code */
2116 /* this "canna happen" since nothing should be calling here if !HAS_FORK */
2117 Perl_croak_nocontext("fork() not available");
2119 #endif /* HAS_FORK */
2124 Perl_dump_fds(pTHX_ char *s)
2129 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"%s", s);
2130 for (fd = 0; fd < 32; fd++) {
2131 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd,&tmpstatbuf) >= 0)
2132 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log," %d",fd);
2134 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"\n");
2136 #endif /* DUMP_FDS */
2140 dup2(int oldfd, int newfd)
2142 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_DUPFD)
2145 PerlLIO_close(newfd);
2146 return fcntl(oldfd, F_DUPFD, newfd);
2148 #define DUP2_MAX_FDS 256
2149 int fdtmp[DUP2_MAX_FDS];
2155 PerlLIO_close(newfd);
2156 /* good enough for low fd's... */
2157 while ((fd = PerlLIO_dup(oldfd)) != newfd && fd >= 0) {
2158 if (fdx >= DUP2_MAX_FDS) {
2166 PerlLIO_close(fdtmp[--fdx]);
2173 #ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
2175 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2176 /* We don't want restart behavior on MacOS */
2181 Perl_rsignal(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler)
2183 struct sigaction act, oact;
2186 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2187 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2191 act.sa_handler = handler;
2192 sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
2195 if (PL_signals & PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG)
2196 act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART; /* SVR4, 4.3+BSD */
2199 if (signo == SIGCHLD && handler == (Sighandler_t)SIG_IGN)
2200 act.sa_flags |= SA_NOCLDWAIT;
2202 if (sigaction(signo, &act, &oact) == -1)
2205 return oact.sa_handler;
2209 Perl_rsignal_state(pTHX_ int signo)
2211 struct sigaction oact;
2213 if (sigaction(signo, (struct sigaction *)NULL, &oact) == -1)
2216 return oact.sa_handler;
2220 Perl_rsignal_save(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler, Sigsave_t *save)
2222 struct sigaction act;
2225 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2226 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2230 act.sa_handler = handler;
2231 sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
2234 if (PL_signals & PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG)
2235 act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART; /* SVR4, 4.3+BSD */
2238 if (signo == SIGCHLD && handler == (Sighandler_t)SIG_IGN)
2239 act.sa_flags |= SA_NOCLDWAIT;
2241 return sigaction(signo, &act, save);
2245 Perl_rsignal_restore(pTHX_ int signo, Sigsave_t *save)
2248 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2249 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2253 return sigaction(signo, save, (struct sigaction *)NULL);
2256 #else /* !HAS_SIGACTION */
2259 Perl_rsignal(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler)
2261 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2262 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2263 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2267 return PerlProc_signal(signo, handler);
2270 static int sig_trapped; /* XXX signals are process-wide anyway, so we
2271 ignore the implications of this for threading */
2281 Perl_rsignal_state(pTHX_ int signo)
2283 Sighandler_t oldsig;
2285 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2286 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2287 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2292 oldsig = PerlProc_signal(signo, sig_trap);
2293 PerlProc_signal(signo, oldsig);
2295 PerlProc_kill(PerlProc_getpid(), signo);
2300 Perl_rsignal_save(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler, Sigsave_t *save)
2302 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2303 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2304 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2307 *save = PerlProc_signal(signo, handler);
2308 return (*save == SIG_ERR) ? -1 : 0;
2312 Perl_rsignal_restore(pTHX_ int signo, Sigsave_t *save)
2314 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2315 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2316 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2319 return (PerlProc_signal(signo, *save) == SIG_ERR) ? -1 : 0;
2322 #endif /* !HAS_SIGACTION */
2323 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
2325 /* VMS' my_pclose() is in VMS.c; same with OS/2 */
2326 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
2328 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2330 Sigsave_t hstat, istat, qstat;
2336 int saved_errno = 0;
2338 int saved_vaxc_errno;
2341 int saved_win32_errno;
2345 svp = av_fetch(PL_fdpid,PerlIO_fileno(ptr),TRUE);
2347 pid = (SvTYPE(*svp) == SVt_IV) ? SvIVX(*svp) : -1;
2349 *svp = &PL_sv_undef;
2351 if (pid == -1) { /* Opened by popen. */
2352 return my_syspclose(ptr);
2355 if ((close_failed = (PerlIO_close(ptr) == EOF))) {
2356 saved_errno = errno;
2358 saved_vaxc_errno = vaxc$errno;
2361 saved_win32_errno = GetLastError();
2365 if(PerlProc_kill(pid, 0) < 0) { return(pid); } /* HOM 12/23/91 */
2368 rsignal_save(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN, &hstat);
2369 rsignal_save(SIGINT, SIG_IGN, &istat);
2370 rsignal_save(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN, &qstat);
2373 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2374 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
2376 rsignal_restore(SIGHUP, &hstat);
2377 rsignal_restore(SIGINT, &istat);
2378 rsignal_restore(SIGQUIT, &qstat);
2381 SETERRNO(saved_errno, saved_vaxc_errno);
2384 return(pid2 < 0 ? pid2 : status == 0 ? 0 : (errno = 0, status));
2386 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2388 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(OS2) || defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
2390 Perl_wait4pid(pTHX_ Pid_t pid, int *statusp, int flags)
2395 #if !defined(HAS_WAITPID) && !defined(HAS_WAIT4) || defined(HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2399 char spid[TYPE_CHARS(int)];
2402 sprintf(spid, "%"IVdf, (IV)pid);
2403 svp = hv_fetch(PL_pidstatus,spid,strlen(spid),FALSE);
2404 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef) {
2405 *statusp = SvIVX(*svp);
2406 (void)hv_delete(PL_pidstatus,spid,strlen(spid),G_DISCARD);
2413 hv_iterinit(PL_pidstatus);
2414 if ((entry = hv_iternext(PL_pidstatus))) {
2416 char spid[TYPE_CHARS(int)];
2418 pid = atoi(hv_iterkey(entry,(I32*)statusp));
2419 sv = hv_iterval(PL_pidstatus,entry);
2420 *statusp = SvIVX(sv);
2421 sprintf(spid, "%"IVdf, (IV)pid);
2422 (void)hv_delete(PL_pidstatus,spid,strlen(spid),G_DISCARD);
2429 # ifdef HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME
2430 if (!HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2433 result = PerlProc_waitpid(pid,statusp,flags);
2436 #if !defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_WAIT4)
2437 result = wait4((pid==-1)?0:pid,statusp,flags,Null(struct rusage *));
2440 #if !defined(HAS_WAITPID) && !defined(HAS_WAIT4) || defined(HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2444 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do waitpid with flags");
2446 while ((result = PerlProc_wait(statusp)) != pid && pid > 0 && result >= 0)
2447 pidgone(result,*statusp);
2454 if (result < 0 && errno == EINTR) {
2459 #endif /* !DOSISH || OS2 || WIN32 || NETWARE */
2463 Perl_pidgone(pTHX_ Pid_t pid, int status)
2466 char spid[TYPE_CHARS(int)];
2468 sprintf(spid, "%"IVdf, (IV)pid);
2469 sv = *hv_fetch(PL_pidstatus,spid,strlen(spid),TRUE);
2470 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
2475 #if defined(atarist) || defined(OS2) || defined(EPOC)
2478 int /* Cannot prototype with I32
2480 my_syspclose(PerlIO *ptr)
2483 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2486 /* Needs work for PerlIO ! */
2487 FILE *f = PerlIO_findFILE(ptr);
2488 I32 result = pclose(f);
2489 PerlIO_releaseFILE(ptr,f);
2497 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2499 /* Needs work for PerlIO ! */
2500 FILE *f = PerlIO_findFILE(ptr);
2501 I32 result = djgpp_pclose(f);
2502 result = (result << 8) & 0xff00;
2503 PerlIO_releaseFILE(ptr,f);
2509 Perl_repeatcpy(pTHX_ register char *to, register const char *from, I32 len, register I32 count)
2512 register const char *frombase = from;
2515 register const char c = *from;
2520 while (count-- > 0) {
2521 for (todo = len; todo > 0; todo--) {
2530 Perl_same_dirent(pTHX_ char *a, char *b)
2532 char *fa = strrchr(a,'/');
2533 char *fb = strrchr(b,'/');
2536 SV *tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
2549 sv_setpv(tmpsv, ".");
2551 sv_setpvn(tmpsv, a, fa - a);
2552 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(tmpsv), &tmpstatbuf1) < 0)
2555 sv_setpv(tmpsv, ".");
2557 sv_setpvn(tmpsv, b, fb - b);
2558 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(tmpsv), &tmpstatbuf2) < 0)
2560 return tmpstatbuf1.st_dev == tmpstatbuf2.st_dev &&
2561 tmpstatbuf1.st_ino == tmpstatbuf2.st_ino;
2563 #endif /* !HAS_RENAME */
2566 Perl_find_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, char **search_ext, I32 flags)
2568 char *xfound = Nullch;
2569 char *xfailed = Nullch;
2570 char tmpbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
2574 #if defined(DOSISH) && !defined(OS2) && !defined(atarist)
2575 # define SEARCH_EXTS ".bat", ".cmd", NULL
2576 # define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2579 # define SEARCH_EXTS ".cmd", ".btm", ".bat", ".pl", NULL
2580 # define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2583 # define SEARCH_EXTS ".pl", ".com", NULL
2584 # define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2586 /* additional extensions to try in each dir if scriptname not found */
2588 char *exts[] = { SEARCH_EXTS };
2589 char **ext = search_ext ? search_ext : exts;
2590 int extidx = 0, i = 0;
2591 char *curext = Nullch;
2593 # define MAX_EXT_LEN 0
2597 * If dosearch is true and if scriptname does not contain path
2598 * delimiters, search the PATH for scriptname.
2600 * If SEARCH_EXTS is also defined, will look for each
2601 * scriptname{SEARCH_EXTS} whenever scriptname is not found
2602 * while searching the PATH.
2604 * Assuming SEARCH_EXTS is C<".foo",".bar",NULL>, PATH search
2605 * proceeds as follows:
2606 * If DOSISH or VMSISH:
2607 * + look for ./scriptname{,.foo,.bar}
2608 * + search the PATH for scriptname{,.foo,.bar}
2611 * + look *only* in the PATH for scriptname{,.foo,.bar} (note
2612 * this will not look in '.' if it's not in the PATH)
2617 # ifdef ALWAYS_DEFTYPES
2618 len = strlen(scriptname);
2619 if (!(len == 1 && *scriptname == '-') && scriptname[len-1] != ':') {
2620 int hasdir, idx = 0, deftypes = 1;
2623 hasdir = !dosearch || (strpbrk(scriptname,":[</") != Nullch) ;
2626 int hasdir, idx = 0, deftypes = 1;
2629 hasdir = (strpbrk(scriptname,":[</") != Nullch) ;
2631 /* The first time through, just add SEARCH_EXTS to whatever we
2632 * already have, so we can check for default file types. */
2634 (!hasdir && my_trnlnm("DCL$PATH",tmpbuf,idx++)) )
2640 if ((strlen(tmpbuf) + strlen(scriptname)
2641 + MAX_EXT_LEN) >= sizeof tmpbuf)
2642 continue; /* don't search dir with too-long name */
2643 strcat(tmpbuf, scriptname);
2647 if (strEQ(scriptname, "-"))
2649 if (dosearch) { /* Look in '.' first. */
2650 char *cur = scriptname;
2652 if ((curext = strrchr(scriptname,'.'))) /* possible current ext */
2654 if (strEQ(ext[i++],curext)) {
2655 extidx = -1; /* already has an ext */
2660 DEBUG_p(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2661 "Looking for %s\n",cur));
2662 if (PerlLIO_stat(cur,&PL_statbuf) >= 0
2663 && !S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
2671 if (cur == scriptname) {
2672 len = strlen(scriptname);
2673 if (len+MAX_EXT_LEN+1 >= sizeof(tmpbuf))
2675 cur = strcpy(tmpbuf, scriptname);
2677 } while (extidx >= 0 && ext[extidx] /* try an extension? */
2678 && strcpy(tmpbuf+len, ext[extidx++]));
2683 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2684 if (dosearch && !strchr(scriptname, ':') &&
2685 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("Commands")))
2687 if (dosearch && !strchr(scriptname, '/')
2689 && !strchr(scriptname, '\\')
2691 && (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PATH")))
2696 PL_bufend = s + strlen(s);
2697 while (s < PL_bufend) {
2698 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2699 s = delimcpy(tmpbuf, tmpbuf + sizeof tmpbuf, s, PL_bufend,
2703 #if defined(atarist) || defined(DOSISH)
2708 && *s != ';'; len++, s++) {
2709 if (len < sizeof tmpbuf)
2712 if (len < sizeof tmpbuf)
2714 #else /* ! (atarist || DOSISH) */
2715 s = delimcpy(tmpbuf, tmpbuf + sizeof tmpbuf, s, PL_bufend,
2718 #endif /* ! (atarist || DOSISH) */
2719 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
2722 if (len + 1 + strlen(scriptname) + MAX_EXT_LEN >= sizeof tmpbuf)
2723 continue; /* don't search dir with too-long name */
2724 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2725 if (len && tmpbuf[len - 1] != ':')
2726 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
2729 #if defined(atarist) || defined(__MINT__) || defined(DOSISH)
2730 && tmpbuf[len - 1] != '/'
2731 && tmpbuf[len - 1] != '\\'
2734 tmpbuf[len++] = '/';
2735 if (len == 2 && tmpbuf[0] == '.')
2738 (void)strcpy(tmpbuf + len, scriptname);
2742 len = strlen(tmpbuf);
2743 if (extidx > 0) /* reset after previous loop */
2747 DEBUG_p(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Looking for %s\n",tmpbuf));
2748 retval = PerlLIO_stat(tmpbuf,&PL_statbuf);
2749 if (S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
2753 } while ( retval < 0 /* not there */
2754 && extidx>=0 && ext[extidx] /* try an extension? */
2755 && strcpy(tmpbuf+len, ext[extidx++])
2760 if (S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)
2761 && cando(S_IRUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf)
2762 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
2763 && cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf)
2767 xfound = tmpbuf; /* bingo! */
2771 xfailed = savepv(tmpbuf);
2774 if (!xfound && !seen_dot && !xfailed &&
2775 (PerlLIO_stat(scriptname,&PL_statbuf) < 0
2776 || S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)))
2778 seen_dot = 1; /* Disable message. */
2780 if (flags & 1) { /* do or die? */
2781 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't %s %s%s%s",
2782 (xfailed ? "execute" : "find"),
2783 (xfailed ? xfailed : scriptname),
2784 (xfailed ? "" : " on PATH"),
2785 (xfailed || seen_dot) ? "" : ", '.' not in PATH");
2787 scriptname = Nullch;
2791 scriptname = xfound;
2793 return (scriptname ? savepv(scriptname) : Nullch);
2796 #ifndef PERL_GET_CONTEXT_DEFINED
2799 Perl_get_context(void)
2801 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2802 # ifdef OLD_PTHREADS_API
2804 if (pthread_getspecific(PL_thr_key, &t))
2805 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: pthread_getspecific");
2808 # ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS
2809 return (void*)cthread_data(cthread_self());
2811 return (void*)PTHREAD_GETSPECIFIC(PL_thr_key);
2820 Perl_set_context(void *t)
2822 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2823 # ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS
2824 cthread_set_data(cthread_self(), t);
2826 if (pthread_setspecific(PL_thr_key, t))
2827 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: pthread_setspecific");
2832 #endif /* !PERL_GET_CONTEXT_DEFINED */
2834 #ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
2843 Perl_get_op_names(pTHX)
2849 Perl_get_op_descs(pTHX)
2855 Perl_get_no_modify(pTHX)
2857 return (char*)PL_no_modify;
2861 Perl_get_opargs(pTHX)
2867 Perl_get_ppaddr(pTHX)
2869 return (PPADDR_t*)PL_ppaddr;
2872 #ifndef HAS_GETENV_LEN
2874 Perl_getenv_len(pTHX_ const char *env_elem, unsigned long *len)
2876 char *env_trans = PerlEnv_getenv(env_elem);
2878 *len = strlen(env_trans);
2885 Perl_get_vtbl(pTHX_ int vtbl_id)
2887 MGVTBL* result = Null(MGVTBL*);
2891 result = &PL_vtbl_sv;
2894 result = &PL_vtbl_env;
2896 case want_vtbl_envelem:
2897 result = &PL_vtbl_envelem;
2900 result = &PL_vtbl_sig;
2902 case want_vtbl_sigelem:
2903 result = &PL_vtbl_sigelem;
2905 case want_vtbl_pack:
2906 result = &PL_vtbl_pack;
2908 case want_vtbl_packelem:
2909 result = &PL_vtbl_packelem;
2911 case want_vtbl_dbline:
2912 result = &PL_vtbl_dbline;
2915 result = &PL_vtbl_isa;
2917 case want_vtbl_isaelem:
2918 result = &PL_vtbl_isaelem;
2920 case want_vtbl_arylen:
2921 result = &PL_vtbl_arylen;
2923 case want_vtbl_glob:
2924 result = &PL_vtbl_glob;
2926 case want_vtbl_mglob:
2927 result = &PL_vtbl_mglob;
2929 case want_vtbl_nkeys:
2930 result = &PL_vtbl_nkeys;
2932 case want_vtbl_taint:
2933 result = &PL_vtbl_taint;
2935 case want_vtbl_substr:
2936 result = &PL_vtbl_substr;
2939 result = &PL_vtbl_vec;
2942 result = &PL_vtbl_pos;
2945 result = &PL_vtbl_bm;
2948 result = &PL_vtbl_fm;
2950 case want_vtbl_uvar:
2951 result = &PL_vtbl_uvar;
2953 case want_vtbl_defelem:
2954 result = &PL_vtbl_defelem;
2956 case want_vtbl_regexp:
2957 result = &PL_vtbl_regexp;
2959 case want_vtbl_regdata:
2960 result = &PL_vtbl_regdata;
2962 case want_vtbl_regdatum:
2963 result = &PL_vtbl_regdatum;
2965 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
2966 case want_vtbl_collxfrm:
2967 result = &PL_vtbl_collxfrm;
2970 case want_vtbl_amagic:
2971 result = &PL_vtbl_amagic;
2973 case want_vtbl_amagicelem:
2974 result = &PL_vtbl_amagicelem;
2976 case want_vtbl_backref:
2977 result = &PL_vtbl_backref;
2979 case want_vtbl_utf8:
2980 result = &PL_vtbl_utf8;
2987 Perl_my_fflush_all(pTHX)
2989 #if defined(USE_PERLIO) || defined(FFLUSH_NULL) || defined(USE_SFIO)
2990 return PerlIO_flush(NULL);
2992 # if defined(HAS__FWALK)
2993 extern int fflush(FILE *);
2994 /* undocumented, unprototyped, but very useful BSDism */
2995 extern void _fwalk(int (*)(FILE *));
2999 # if defined(FFLUSH_ALL) && defined(HAS_STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY)
3001 # ifdef PERL_FFLUSH_ALL_FOPEN_MAX
3002 open_max = PERL_FFLUSH_ALL_FOPEN_MAX;
3004 # if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_OPEN_MAX)
3005 open_max = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
3008 open_max = FOPEN_MAX;
3011 open_max = OPEN_MAX;
3022 for (i = 0; i < open_max; i++)
3023 if (STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._file >= 0 &&
3024 STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._file < open_max &&
3025 STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._flag)
3026 PerlIO_flush(&STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]);
3030 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
3037 Perl_report_evil_fh(pTHX_ GV *gv, IO *io, I32 op)
3040 op == OP_READLINE ? "readline" : /* "<HANDLE>" not nice */
3041 op == OP_LEAVEWRITE ? "write" : /* "write exit" not nice */
3043 char *pars = OP_IS_FILETEST(op) ? "" : "()";
3044 char *type = OP_IS_SOCKET(op)
3045 || (gv && io && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
3046 ? "socket" : "filehandle";
3049 if (gv && isGV(gv)) {
3053 if (op == OP_phoney_OUTPUT_ONLY || op == OP_phoney_INPUT_ONLY) {
3054 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
3055 const char *direction = (op == OP_phoney_INPUT_ONLY) ? "in" : "out";
3057 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
3058 "Filehandle %s opened only for %sput",
3061 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
3062 "Filehandle opened only for %sput", direction);
3069 if (gv && io && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_CLOSED) {
3071 warn_type = WARN_CLOSED;
3075 warn_type = WARN_UNOPENED;
3078 if (ckWARN(warn_type)) {
3079 if (name && *name) {
3080 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3081 "%s%s on %s %s %s", func, pars, vile, type, name);
3082 if (io && IoDIRP(io) && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
3084 aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3085 "\t(Are you trying to call %s%s on dirhandle %s?)\n",
3090 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3091 "%s%s on %s %s", func, pars, vile, type);
3092 if (gv && io && IoDIRP(io) && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
3094 aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3095 "\t(Are you trying to call %s%s on dirhandle?)\n",
3104 /* in ASCII order, not that it matters */
3105 static const char controllablechars[] = "?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_";
3108 Perl_ebcdic_control(pTHX_ int ch)
3116 if ((ctlp = strchr(controllablechars, ch)) == 0) {
3117 Perl_die(aTHX_ "unrecognised control character '%c'\n", ch);
3120 if (ctlp == controllablechars)
3121 return('\177'); /* DEL */
3123 return((unsigned char)(ctlp - controllablechars - 1));
3124 } else { /* Want uncontrol */
3125 if (ch == '\177' || ch == -1)
3127 else if (ch == '\157')
3129 else if (ch == '\174')
3131 else if (ch == '^') /* '\137' in 1047, '\260' in 819 */
3133 else if (ch == '\155')
3135 else if (0 < ch && ch < (sizeof(controllablechars) - 1))
3136 return(controllablechars[ch+1]);
3138 Perl_die(aTHX_ "invalid control request: '\\%03o'\n", ch & 0xFF);
3143 /* To workaround core dumps from the uninitialised tm_zone we get the
3144 * system to give us a reasonable struct to copy. This fix means that
3145 * strftime uses the tm_zone and tm_gmtoff values returned by
3146 * localtime(time()). That should give the desired result most of the
3147 * time. But probably not always!
3149 * This does not address tzname aspects of NETaa14816.
3154 # ifndef STRUCT_TM_HASZONE
3155 # define STRUCT_TM_HASZONE
3159 #ifdef STRUCT_TM_HASZONE /* Backward compat */
3160 # ifndef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3161 # define HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3166 Perl_init_tm(pTHX_ struct tm *ptm) /* see mktime, strftime and asctime */
3168 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3171 Copy(localtime(&now), ptm, 1, struct tm);
3176 * mini_mktime - normalise struct tm values without the localtime()
3177 * semantics (and overhead) of mktime().
3180 Perl_mini_mktime(pTHX_ struct tm *ptm)
3184 int month, mday, year, jday;
3185 int odd_cent, odd_year;
3187 #define DAYS_PER_YEAR 365
3188 #define DAYS_PER_QYEAR (4*DAYS_PER_YEAR+1)
3189 #define DAYS_PER_CENT (25*DAYS_PER_QYEAR-1)
3190 #define DAYS_PER_QCENT (4*DAYS_PER_CENT+1)
3191 #define SECS_PER_HOUR (60*60)
3192 #define SECS_PER_DAY (24*SECS_PER_HOUR)
3193 /* parentheses deliberately absent on these two, otherwise they don't work */
3194 #define MONTH_TO_DAYS 153/5
3195 #define DAYS_TO_MONTH 5/153
3196 /* offset to bias by March (month 4) 1st between month/mday & year finding */
3197 #define YEAR_ADJUST (4*MONTH_TO_DAYS+1)
3198 /* as used here, the algorithm leaves Sunday as day 1 unless we adjust it */
3199 #define WEEKDAY_BIAS 6 /* (1+6)%7 makes Sunday 0 again */
3202 * Year/day algorithm notes:
3204 * With a suitable offset for numeric value of the month, one can find
3205 * an offset into the year by considering months to have 30.6 (153/5) days,
3206 * using integer arithmetic (i.e., with truncation). To avoid too much
3207 * messing about with leap days, we consider January and February to be
3208 * the 13th and 14th month of the previous year. After that transformation,
3209 * we need the month index we use to be high by 1 from 'normal human' usage,
3210 * so the month index values we use run from 4 through 15.
3212 * Given that, and the rules for the Gregorian calendar (leap years are those
3213 * divisible by 4 unless also divisible by 100, when they must be divisible
3214 * by 400 instead), we can simply calculate the number of days since some
3215 * arbitrary 'beginning of time' by futzing with the (adjusted) year number,
3216 * the days we derive from our month index, and adding in the day of the
3217 * month. The value used here is not adjusted for the actual origin which
3218 * it normally would use (1 January A.D. 1), since we're not exposing it.
3219 * We're only building the value so we can turn around and get the
3220 * normalised values for the year, month, day-of-month, and day-of-year.
3222 * For going backward, we need to bias the value we're using so that we find
3223 * the right year value. (Basically, we don't want the contribution of
3224 * March 1st to the number to apply while deriving the year). Having done
3225 * that, we 'count up' the contribution to the year number by accounting for
3226 * full quadracenturies (400-year periods) with their extra leap days, plus
3227 * the contribution from full centuries (to avoid counting in the lost leap
3228 * days), plus the contribution from full quad-years (to count in the normal
3229 * leap days), plus the leftover contribution from any non-leap years.
3230 * At this point, if we were working with an actual leap day, we'll have 0
3231 * days left over. This is also true for March 1st, however. So, we have
3232 * to special-case that result, and (earlier) keep track of the 'odd'
3233 * century and year contributions. If we got 4 extra centuries in a qcent,
3234 * or 4 extra years in a qyear, then it's a leap day and we call it 29 Feb.
3235 * Otherwise, we add back in the earlier bias we removed (the 123 from
3236 * figuring in March 1st), find the month index (integer division by 30.6),
3237 * and the remainder is the day-of-month. We then have to convert back to
3238 * 'real' months (including fixing January and February from being 14/15 in
3239 * the previous year to being in the proper year). After that, to get
3240 * tm_yday, we work with the normalised year and get a new yearday value for
3241 * January 1st, which we subtract from the yearday value we had earlier,
3242 * representing the date we've re-built. This is done from January 1
3243 * because tm_yday is 0-origin.
3245 * Since POSIX time routines are only guaranteed to work for times since the
3246 * UNIX epoch (00:00:00 1 Jan 1970 UTC), the fact that this algorithm
3247 * applies Gregorian calendar rules even to dates before the 16th century
3248 * doesn't bother me. Besides, you'd need cultural context for a given
3249 * date to know whether it was Julian or Gregorian calendar, and that's
3250 * outside the scope for this routine. Since we convert back based on the
3251 * same rules we used to build the yearday, you'll only get strange results
3252 * for input which needed normalising, or for the 'odd' century years which
3253 * were leap years in the Julian calander but not in the Gregorian one.
3254 * I can live with that.
3256 * This algorithm also fails to handle years before A.D. 1 gracefully, but
3257 * that's still outside the scope for POSIX time manipulation, so I don't
3261 year = 1900 + ptm->tm_year;
3262 month = ptm->tm_mon;
3263 mday = ptm->tm_mday;
3264 /* allow given yday with no month & mday to dominate the result */
3265 if (ptm->tm_yday >= 0 && mday <= 0 && month <= 0) {
3268 jday = 1 + ptm->tm_yday;
3277 yearday = DAYS_PER_YEAR * year + year/4 - year/100 + year/400;
3278 yearday += month*MONTH_TO_DAYS + mday + jday;
3280 * Note that we don't know when leap-seconds were or will be,
3281 * so we have to trust the user if we get something which looks
3282 * like a sensible leap-second. Wild values for seconds will
3283 * be rationalised, however.
3285 if ((unsigned) ptm->tm_sec <= 60) {
3292 secs += 60 * ptm->tm_min;
3293 secs += SECS_PER_HOUR * ptm->tm_hour;
3295 if (secs-(secs/SECS_PER_DAY*SECS_PER_DAY) < 0) {
3296 /* got negative remainder, but need positive time */
3297 /* back off an extra day to compensate */
3298 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY)-1;
3299 secs -= SECS_PER_DAY * (secs/SECS_PER_DAY - 1);
3302 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3303 secs -= SECS_PER_DAY * (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3306 else if (secs >= SECS_PER_DAY) {
3307 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3308 secs %= SECS_PER_DAY;
3310 ptm->tm_hour = secs/SECS_PER_HOUR;
3311 secs %= SECS_PER_HOUR;
3312 ptm->tm_min = secs/60;
3314 ptm->tm_sec += secs;
3315 /* done with time of day effects */
3317 * The algorithm for yearday has (so far) left it high by 428.
3318 * To avoid mistaking a legitimate Feb 29 as Mar 1, we need to
3319 * bias it by 123 while trying to figure out what year it
3320 * really represents. Even with this tweak, the reverse
3321 * translation fails for years before A.D. 0001.
3322 * It would still fail for Feb 29, but we catch that one below.
3324 jday = yearday; /* save for later fixup vis-a-vis Jan 1 */
3325 yearday -= YEAR_ADJUST;
3326 year = (yearday / DAYS_PER_QCENT) * 400;
3327 yearday %= DAYS_PER_QCENT;
3328 odd_cent = yearday / DAYS_PER_CENT;
3329 year += odd_cent * 100;
3330 yearday %= DAYS_PER_CENT;
3331 year += (yearday / DAYS_PER_QYEAR) * 4;
3332 yearday %= DAYS_PER_QYEAR;
3333 odd_year = yearday / DAYS_PER_YEAR;
3335 yearday %= DAYS_PER_YEAR;
3336 if (!yearday && (odd_cent==4 || odd_year==4)) { /* catch Feb 29 */
3341 yearday += YEAR_ADJUST; /* recover March 1st crock */
3342 month = yearday*DAYS_TO_MONTH;
3343 yearday -= month*MONTH_TO_DAYS;
3344 /* recover other leap-year adjustment */
3353 ptm->tm_year = year - 1900;
3355 ptm->tm_mday = yearday;
3356 ptm->tm_mon = month;
3360 ptm->tm_mon = month - 1;
3362 /* re-build yearday based on Jan 1 to get tm_yday */
3364 yearday = year*DAYS_PER_YEAR + year/4 - year/100 + year/400;
3365 yearday += 14*MONTH_TO_DAYS + 1;
3366 ptm->tm_yday = jday - yearday;
3367 /* fix tm_wday if not overridden by caller */
3368 if ((unsigned)ptm->tm_wday > 6)
3369 ptm->tm_wday = (jday + WEEKDAY_BIAS) % 7;
3373 Perl_my_strftime(pTHX_ char *fmt, int sec, int min, int hour, int mday, int mon, int year, int wday, int yday, int isdst)
3381 init_tm(&mytm); /* XXX workaround - see init_tm() above */
3384 mytm.tm_hour = hour;
3385 mytm.tm_mday = mday;
3387 mytm.tm_year = year;
3388 mytm.tm_wday = wday;
3389 mytm.tm_yday = yday;
3390 mytm.tm_isdst = isdst;
3392 /* use libc to get the values for tm_gmtoff and tm_zone [perl #18238] */
3393 #if defined(HAS_MKTIME) && (defined(HAS_TM_TM_GMTOFF) || defined(HAS_TM_TM_ZONE))
3398 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_GMTOFF
3399 mytm.tm_gmtoff = mytm2.tm_gmtoff;
3401 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3402 mytm.tm_zone = mytm2.tm_zone;
3407 New(0, buf, buflen, char);
3408 len = strftime(buf, buflen, fmt, &mytm);
3410 ** The following is needed to handle to the situation where
3411 ** tmpbuf overflows. Basically we want to allocate a buffer
3412 ** and try repeatedly. The reason why it is so complicated
3413 ** is that getting a return value of 0 from strftime can indicate
3414 ** one of the following:
3415 ** 1. buffer overflowed,
3416 ** 2. illegal conversion specifier, or
3417 ** 3. the format string specifies nothing to be returned(not
3418 ** an error). This could be because format is an empty string
3419 ** or it specifies %p that yields an empty string in some locale.
3420 ** If there is a better way to make it portable, go ahead by
3423 if ((len > 0 && len < buflen) || (len == 0 && *fmt == '\0'))
3426 /* Possibly buf overflowed - try again with a bigger buf */
3427 int fmtlen = strlen(fmt);
3428 int bufsize = fmtlen + buflen;
3430 New(0, buf, bufsize, char);
3432 buflen = strftime(buf, bufsize, fmt, &mytm);
3433 if (buflen > 0 && buflen < bufsize)
3435 /* heuristic to prevent out-of-memory errors */
3436 if (bufsize > 100*fmtlen) {
3442 Renew(buf, bufsize, char);
3447 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: no strftime");
3452 #define SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF \
3453 sv_setsv(sv, &PL_sv_undef); \
3456 #define SV_CWD_ISDOT(dp) \
3457 (dp->d_name[0] == '.' && (dp->d_name[1] == '\0' || \
3458 (dp->d_name[1] == '.' && dp->d_name[2] == '\0')))
3461 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
3463 =for apidoc getcwd_sv
3465 Fill the sv with current working directory
3470 /* Originally written in Perl by John Bazik; rewritten in C by Ben Sugars.
3471 * rewritten again by dougm, optimized for use with xs TARG, and to prefer
3472 * getcwd(3) if available
3473 * Comments from the orignal:
3474 * This is a faster version of getcwd. It's also more dangerous
3475 * because you might chdir out of a directory that you can't chdir
3479 Perl_getcwd_sv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3483 #ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
3489 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
3491 /* Some getcwd()s automatically allocate a buffer of the given
3492 * size from the heap if they are given a NULL buffer pointer.
3493 * The problem is that this behaviour is not portable. */
3494 if (getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1)) {
3495 STRLEN len = strlen(buf);
3496 sv_setpvn(sv, buf, len);
3500 sv_setsv(sv, &PL_sv_undef);
3508 int orig_cdev, orig_cino, cdev, cino, odev, oino, tdev, tino;
3509 int namelen, pathlen=0;
3513 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
3515 if (PerlLIO_lstat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
3516 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3519 orig_cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
3520 orig_cino = statbuf.st_ino;
3528 if (PerlDir_chdir("..") < 0) {
3529 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3531 if (PerlLIO_stat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
3532 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3535 cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
3536 cino = statbuf.st_ino;
3538 if (odev == cdev && oino == cino) {
3541 if (!(dir = PerlDir_open("."))) {
3542 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3545 while ((dp = PerlDir_read(dir)) != NULL) {
3547 namelen = dp->d_namlen;
3549 namelen = strlen(dp->d_name);
3552 if (SV_CWD_ISDOT(dp)) {
3556 if (PerlLIO_lstat(dp->d_name, &statbuf) < 0) {
3557 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3560 tdev = statbuf.st_dev;
3561 tino = statbuf.st_ino;
3562 if (tino == oino && tdev == odev) {
3568 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3571 if (pathlen + namelen + 1 >= MAXPATHLEN) {
3572 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3575 SvGROW(sv, pathlen + namelen + 1);
3579 Move(SvPVX(sv), SvPVX(sv) + namelen + 1, pathlen, char);
3582 /* prepend current directory to the front */
3584 Move(dp->d_name, SvPVX(sv)+1, namelen, char);
3585 pathlen += (namelen + 1);
3587 #ifdef VOID_CLOSEDIR
3590 if (PerlDir_close(dir) < 0) {
3591 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3597 SvCUR_set(sv, pathlen);
3601 if (PerlDir_chdir(SvPVX(sv)) < 0) {
3602 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3605 if (PerlLIO_stat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
3606 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3609 cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
3610 cino = statbuf.st_ino;
3612 if (cdev != orig_cdev || cino != orig_cino) {
3613 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unstable directory path, "
3614 "current directory changed unexpectedly");
3626 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
3628 =for apidoc scan_vstring
3630 Returns a pointer to the next character after the parsed
3631 vstring, as well as updating the passed in sv.
3633 Function must be called like
3636 s = scan_vstring(s,sv);
3638 The sv should already be large enough to store the vstring
3639 passed in, for performance reasons.
3645 Perl_scan_vstring(pTHX_ char *s, SV *sv)
3649 if (*pos == 'v') pos++; /* get past 'v' */
3650 while (isDIGIT(*pos) || *pos == '_')
3652 if (!isALPHA(*pos)) {
3654 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXLEN+1];
3657 if (*s == 'v') s++; /* get past 'v' */
3659 sv_setpvn(sv, "", 0);
3664 /* this is atoi() that tolerates underscores */
3667 while (--end >= s) {
3672 rev += (*end - '0') * mult;
3674 if (orev > rev && ckWARN_d(WARN_OVERFLOW))
3675 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_OVERFLOW),
3676 "Integer overflow in decimal number");
3680 if (rev > 0x7FFFFFFF)
3681 Perl_croak(aTHX "In EBCDIC the v-string components cannot exceed 2147483647");
3683 /* Append native character for the rev point */
3684 tmpend = uvchr_to_utf8(tmpbuf, rev);
3685 sv_catpvn(sv, (const char*)tmpbuf, tmpend - tmpbuf);
3686 if (!UNI_IS_INVARIANT(NATIVE_TO_UNI(rev)))
3688 if (*pos == '.' && isDIGIT(pos[1]))
3694 while (isDIGIT(*pos) || *pos == '_')
3698 sv_magic(sv,NULL,PERL_MAGIC_vstring,(const char*)start, pos-start);
3705 =for apidoc scan_version
3707 Returns a pointer to the next character after the parsed
3708 version string, as well as upgrading the passed in SV to
3711 Function must be called with an already existing SV like
3714 s = scan_version(s,sv);
3716 Performs some preprocessing to the string to ensure that
3717 it has the correct characteristics of a version. Flags the
3718 object if it contains an underscore (which denotes this
3725 Perl_scan_version(pTHX_ char *s, SV *rv)
3727 const char *start = s;
3731 SV* sv = newSVrv(rv, "version"); /* create an SV and upgrade the RV */
3732 (void)sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVAV); /* needs to be an AV type */
3734 /* pre-scan the imput string to check for decimals */
3735 while ( *pos == '.' || *pos == '_' || isDIGIT(*pos) )
3740 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version format (underscores before decimal)");
3743 else if ( *pos == '_' )
3746 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version format (multiple underscores)");
3753 if (*pos == 'v') pos++; /* get past 'v' */
3754 while (isDIGIT(*pos))
3756 if (!isALPHA(*pos)) {
3759 if (*s == 'v') s++; /* get past 'v' */
3764 /* this is atoi() that delimits on underscores */
3768 if ( s < pos && s > start && *(s-1) == '_' ) {
3769 mult *= -1; /* beta version */
3771 /* the following if() will only be true after the decimal
3772 * point of a version originally created with a bare
3773 * floating point number, i.e. not quoted in any way
3775 if ( s > start+1 && saw_period == 1 && !saw_under ) {
3779 rev += (*s - '0') * mult;
3781 if ( abs(orev) > abs(rev) )
3782 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Integer overflow in version");
3787 while (--end >= s) {
3789 rev += (*end - '0') * mult;
3791 if ( abs(orev) > abs(rev) )
3792 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Integer overflow in version");
3797 /* Append revision */
3798 av_push((AV *)sv, newSViv(rev));
3799 if ( (*pos == '.' || *pos == '_') && isDIGIT(pos[1]))
3801 else if ( isDIGIT(*pos) )
3807 while ( isDIGIT(*pos) ) {
3808 if ( !saw_under && saw_period == 1 && pos-s == 3 )
3818 =for apidoc new_version
3820 Returns a new version object based on the passed in SV:
3822 SV *sv = new_version(SV *ver);
3824 Does not alter the passed in ver SV. See "upg_version" if you
3825 want to upgrade the SV.
3831 Perl_new_version(pTHX_ SV *ver)
3835 if ( SvNOK(ver) ) /* may get too much accuracy */
3838 sprintf(tbuf,"%.9"NVgf, SvNVX(ver));
3839 version = savepv(tbuf);
3842 else if ( SvVOK(ver) ) { /* already a v-string */
3843 MAGIC* mg = mg_find(ver,PERL_MAGIC_vstring);
3844 version = savepvn( (const char*)mg->mg_ptr,mg->mg_len );
3847 else /* must be a string or something like a string */
3849 version = (char *)SvPV(ver,PL_na);
3851 version = scan_version(version,rv);
3856 =for apidoc upg_version
3858 In-place upgrade of the supplied SV to a version object.
3860 SV *sv = upg_version(SV *sv);
3862 Returns a pointer to the upgraded SV.
3868 Perl_upg_version(pTHX_ SV *ver)
3870 char *version = savepvn(SvPVX(ver),SvCUR(ver));
3872 if ( SvVOK(ver) ) { /* already a v-string */
3873 MAGIC* mg = mg_find(ver,PERL_MAGIC_vstring);
3874 version = savepvn( (const char*)mg->mg_ptr,mg->mg_len );
3877 version = scan_version(version,ver);
3885 Accepts a version object and returns the normalized floating
3886 point representation. Call like:
3890 NOTE: you can pass either the object directly or the SV
3891 contained within the RV.
3897 Perl_vnumify(pTHX_ SV *vs)
3900 SV *sv = NEWSV(92,0);
3903 len = av_len((AV *)vs);
3906 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ sv,"0");
3909 digit = SvIVX(*av_fetch((AV *)vs, 0, 0));
3910 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv,"%d.",abs(digit));
3911 for ( i = 1 ; i <= len ; i++ )
3913 digit = SvIVX(*av_fetch((AV *)vs, i, 0));
3914 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv,"%03d",abs(digit));
3917 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ sv,"000");
3918 sv_setnv(sv, SvNV(sv));
3923 =for apidoc vstringify
3925 Accepts a version object and returns the normalized string
3926 representation. Call like:
3928 sv = vstringify(rv);
3930 NOTE: you can pass either the object directly or the SV
3931 contained within the RV.
3937 Perl_vstringify(pTHX_ SV *vs)
3940 SV *sv = NEWSV(92,0);
3943 len = av_len((AV *)vs);
3946 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ sv,"");
3949 digit = SvIVX(*av_fetch((AV *)vs, 0, 0));
3950 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv,"%"IVdf,(IV)digit);
3951 for ( i = 1 ; i <= len ; i++ )
3953 digit = SvIVX(*av_fetch((AV *)vs, i, 0));
3955 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv,"_%"IVdf,(IV)-digit);
3957 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv,".%"IVdf,(IV)digit);
3960 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ sv,".0");
3967 Version object aware cmp. Both operands must already have been
3968 converted into version objects.
3974 Perl_vcmp(pTHX_ SV *lsv, SV *rsv)
3981 l = av_len((AV *)lsv);
3982 r = av_len((AV *)rsv);
3986 while ( i <= m && retval == 0 )
3988 I32 left = SvIV(*av_fetch((AV *)lsv,i,0));
3989 I32 right = SvIV(*av_fetch((AV *)rsv,i,0));
3990 bool lbeta = left < 0 ? 1 : 0;
3991 bool rbeta = right < 0 ? 1 : 0;
3994 if ( left < right || (left == right && lbeta && !rbeta) )
3996 if ( left > right || (left == right && rbeta && !lbeta) )
4001 if ( l != r && retval == 0 ) /* possible match except for trailing 0 */
4003 if ( !( l < r && r-l == 1 && SvIV(*av_fetch((AV *)rsv,r,0)) == 0 ) &&
4004 !( l-r == 1 && SvIV(*av_fetch((AV *)lsv,l,0)) == 0 ) )
4006 retval = l < r ? -1 : +1; /* not a match after all */
4012 #if !defined(HAS_SOCKETPAIR) && defined(HAS_SOCKET) && defined(AF_INET) && defined(PF_INET) && defined(SOCK_DGRAM) && defined(HAS_SELECT)
4013 # define EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
4016 #ifdef EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
4018 S_socketpair_udp (int fd[2]) {
4020 /* Fake a datagram socketpair using UDP to localhost. */
4021 int sockets[2] = {-1, -1};
4022 struct sockaddr_in addresses[2];
4024 Sock_size_t size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
4025 unsigned short port;
4028 memset(&addresses, 0, sizeof(addresses));
4031 sockets[i] = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, PF_INET);
4032 if (sockets[i] == -1)
4033 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4035 addresses[i].sin_family = AF_INET;
4036 addresses[i].sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
4037 addresses[i].sin_port = 0; /* kernel choses port. */
4038 if (PerlSock_bind(sockets[i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
4039 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) == -1)
4040 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4043 /* Now have 2 UDP sockets. Find out which port each is connected to, and
4044 for each connect the other socket to it. */
4047 if (PerlSock_getsockname(sockets[i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
4049 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4050 if (size != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
4051 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4052 /* !1 is 0, !0 is 1 */
4053 if (PerlSock_connect(sockets[!i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
4054 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) == -1)
4055 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4058 /* Now we have 2 sockets connected to each other. I don't trust some other
4059 process not to have already sent a packet to us (by random) so send
4060 a packet from each to the other. */
4063 /* I'm going to send my own port number. As a short.
4064 (Who knows if someone somewhere has sin_port as a bitfield and needs
4065 this routine. (I'm assuming crays have socketpair)) */
4066 port = addresses[i].sin_port;
4067 got = PerlLIO_write(sockets[i], &port, sizeof(port));
4068 if (got != sizeof(port)) {
4070 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4071 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4075 /* Packets sent. I don't trust them to have arrived though.
4076 (As I understand it Solaris TCP stack is multithreaded. Non-blocking
4077 connect to localhost will use a second kernel thread. In 2.6 the
4078 first thread running the connect() returns before the second completes,
4079 so EINPROGRESS> In 2.7 the improved stack is faster and connect()
4080 returns 0. Poor programs have tripped up. One poor program's authors'
4081 had a 50-1 reverse stock split. Not sure how connected these were.)
4082 So I don't trust someone not to have an unpredictable UDP stack.
4086 struct timeval waitfor = {0, 100000}; /* You have 0.1 seconds */
4087 int max = sockets[1] > sockets[0] ? sockets[1] : sockets[0];
4091 FD_SET(sockets[0], &rset);
4092 FD_SET(sockets[1], &rset);
4094 got = PerlSock_select(max + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
4095 if (got != 2 || !FD_ISSET(sockets[0], &rset)
4096 || !FD_ISSET(sockets[1], &rset)) {
4097 /* I hope this is portable and appropriate. */
4099 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4100 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4104 /* And the paranoia department even now doesn't trust it to have arrive
4105 (hence MSG_DONTWAIT). Or that what arrives was sent by us. */
4107 struct sockaddr_in readfrom;
4108 unsigned short buffer[2];
4113 got = PerlSock_recvfrom(sockets[i], (char *) &buffer,
4114 sizeof(buffer), MSG_DONTWAIT,
4115 (struct sockaddr *) &readfrom, &size);
4117 got = PerlSock_recvfrom(sockets[i], (char *) &buffer,
4119 (struct sockaddr *) &readfrom, &size);
4123 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4124 if (got != sizeof(port)
4125 || size != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)
4126 /* Check other socket sent us its port. */
4127 || buffer[0] != (unsigned short) addresses[!i].sin_port
4128 /* Check kernel says we got the datagram from that socket */
4129 || readfrom.sin_family != addresses[!i].sin_family
4130 || readfrom.sin_addr.s_addr != addresses[!i].sin_addr.s_addr
4131 || readfrom.sin_port != addresses[!i].sin_port)
4132 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4135 /* My caller (my_socketpair) has validated that this is non-NULL */
4138 /* I hereby declare this connection open. May God bless all who cross
4142 abort_tidy_up_and_fail:
4143 errno = ECONNABORTED;
4146 int save_errno = errno;
4147 if (sockets[0] != -1)
4148 PerlLIO_close(sockets[0]);
4149 if (sockets[1] != -1)
4150 PerlLIO_close(sockets[1]);
4155 #endif /* EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP */
4157 #if !defined(HAS_SOCKETPAIR) && defined(HAS_SOCKET) && defined(AF_INET) && defined(PF_INET)
4159 Perl_my_socketpair (int family, int type, int protocol, int fd[2]) {
4160 /* Stevens says that family must be AF_LOCAL, protocol 0.
4161 I'm going to enforce that, then ignore it, and use TCP (or UDP). */
4166 struct sockaddr_in listen_addr;
4167 struct sockaddr_in connect_addr;
4172 || family != AF_UNIX
4175 errno = EAFNOSUPPORT;
4183 #ifdef EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
4184 if (type == SOCK_DGRAM)
4185 return S_socketpair_udp(fd);
4188 listener = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
4191 memset(&listen_addr, 0, sizeof(listen_addr));
4192 listen_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
4193 listen_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
4194 listen_addr.sin_port = 0; /* kernel choses port. */
4195 if (PerlSock_bind(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &listen_addr,
4196 sizeof(listen_addr)) == -1)
4197 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4198 if (PerlSock_listen(listener, 1) == -1)
4199 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4201 connector = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
4202 if (connector == -1)
4203 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4204 /* We want to find out the port number to connect to. */
4205 size = sizeof(connect_addr);
4206 if (PerlSock_getsockname(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
4208 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4209 if (size != sizeof(connect_addr))
4210 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4211 if (PerlSock_connect(connector, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
4212 sizeof(connect_addr)) == -1)
4213 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4215 size = sizeof(listen_addr);
4216 acceptor = PerlSock_accept(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &listen_addr,
4219 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4220 if (size != sizeof(listen_addr))
4221 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4222 PerlLIO_close(listener);
4223 /* Now check we are talking to ourself by matching port and host on the
4225 if (PerlSock_getsockname(connector, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
4227 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4228 if (size != sizeof(connect_addr)
4229 || listen_addr.sin_family != connect_addr.sin_family
4230 || listen_addr.sin_addr.s_addr != connect_addr.sin_addr.s_addr
4231 || listen_addr.sin_port != connect_addr.sin_port) {
4232 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4238 abort_tidy_up_and_fail:
4239 errno = ECONNABORTED; /* I hope this is portable and appropriate. */
4242 int save_errno = errno;
4244 PerlLIO_close(listener);
4245 if (connector != -1)
4246 PerlLIO_close(connector);
4248 PerlLIO_close(acceptor);
4254 /* In any case have a stub so that there's code corresponding
4255 * to the my_socketpair in global.sym. */
4257 Perl_my_socketpair (int family, int type, int protocol, int fd[2]) {
4258 #ifdef HAS_SOCKETPAIR
4259 return socketpair(family, type, protocol, fd);
4268 =for apidoc sv_nosharing
4270 Dummy routine which "shares" an SV when there is no sharing module present.
4271 Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it could potentially warn under
4272 some level of strict-ness.
4278 Perl_sv_nosharing(pTHX_ SV *sv)
4283 =for apidoc sv_nolocking
4285 Dummy routine which "locks" an SV when there is no locking module present.
4286 Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it could potentially warn under
4287 some level of strict-ness.
4293 Perl_sv_nolocking(pTHX_ SV *sv)
4299 =for apidoc sv_nounlocking
4301 Dummy routine which "unlocks" an SV when there is no locking module present.
4302 Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it could potentially warn under
4303 some level of strict-ness.
4309 Perl_sv_nounlocking(pTHX_ SV *sv)
4314 Perl_parse_unicode_opts(pTHX_ char **popt)
4321 opt = (U32) atoi(p);
4322 while (isDIGIT(*p)) p++;
4324 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown Unicode option letter '%c'", *p);
4329 case PERL_UNICODE_STDIN:
4330 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG; break;
4331 case PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT:
4332 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG; break;
4333 case PERL_UNICODE_STDERR:
4334 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG; break;
4335 case PERL_UNICODE_STD:
4336 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; break;
4337 case PERL_UNICODE_IN:
4338 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG; break;
4339 case PERL_UNICODE_OUT:
4340 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG; break;
4341 case PERL_UNICODE_INOUT:
4342 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG; break;
4343 case PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE:
4344 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG; break;
4345 case PERL_UNICODE_ARGV:
4346 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG; break;
4349 "Unknown Unicode option letter '%c'", *p);
4355 opt = PERL_UNICODE_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
4357 if (opt & ~PERL_UNICODE_ALL_FLAGS)
4358 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown Unicode option value 0x%"UVuf,
4359 (UV) (opt & ~PERL_UNICODE_ALL_FLAGS));