3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "Very useful, no doubt, that was to Saruman; yet it seems that he was
13 * not content." --Gandalf
17 #define PERL_IN_UTIL_C
21 #if !defined(NSIG) || defined(M_UNIX) || defined(M_XENIX)
26 # define SIG_ERR ((Sighandler_t) -1)
31 # include <sys/wait.h>
36 # include <sys/select.h>
42 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD) && !defined(FD_CLOEXEC)
43 # define FD_CLOEXEC 1 /* NeXT needs this */
46 /* NOTE: Do not call the next three routines directly. Use the macros
47 * in handy.h, so that we can easily redefine everything to do tracking of
48 * allocated hunks back to the original New to track down any memory leaks.
49 * XXX This advice seems to be widely ignored :-( --AD August 1996.
52 /* paranoid version of system's malloc() */
55 Perl_safesysmalloc(MEM_SIZE size)
61 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
62 "Allocation too large: %lx\n", size) FLUSH;
65 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
68 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: malloc");
70 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(size?size:1); /* malloc(0) is NASTY on our system */
71 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
72 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) malloc %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)size));
78 PerlIO_puts(Perl_error_log,PL_no_mem) FLUSH;
85 /* paranoid version of system's realloc() */
88 Perl_safesysrealloc(Malloc_t where,MEM_SIZE size)
92 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_REALLOC_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
93 Malloc_t PerlMem_realloc();
94 #endif /* !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_REALLOC_PROTOTYPE) */
98 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
99 "Reallocation too large: %lx\n", size) FLUSH;
102 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
109 return safesysmalloc(size);
112 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: realloc");
114 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_realloc(where,size);
115 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
117 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) rfree\n",PTR2UV(where),(long)PL_an++));
118 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) realloc %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)size));
125 PerlIO_puts(Perl_error_log,PL_no_mem) FLUSH;
132 /* safe version of system's free() */
135 Perl_safesysfree(Malloc_t where)
137 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
140 DEBUG_m( PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) free\n",PTR2UV(where),(long)PL_an++));
147 /* safe version of system's calloc() */
150 Perl_safesyscalloc(MEM_SIZE count, MEM_SIZE size)
156 if (size * count > 0xffff) {
157 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
158 "Allocation too large: %lx\n", size * count) FLUSH;
161 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
163 if ((long)size < 0 || (long)count < 0)
164 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: calloc");
167 ptr = (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(size?size:1); /* malloc(0) is NASTY on our system */
168 PERL_ALLOC_CHECK(ptr);
169 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf": (%05ld) calloc %ld x %ld bytes\n",PTR2UV(ptr),(long)PL_an++,(long)count,(long)size));
171 memset((void*)ptr, 0, size);
177 PerlIO_puts(Perl_error_log,PL_no_mem) FLUSH;
184 /* These must be defined when not using Perl's malloc for binary
189 Malloc_t Perl_malloc (MEM_SIZE nbytes)
192 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_malloc(nbytes);
195 Malloc_t Perl_calloc (MEM_SIZE elements, MEM_SIZE size)
198 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_calloc(elements, size);
201 Malloc_t Perl_realloc (Malloc_t where, MEM_SIZE nbytes)
204 return (Malloc_t)PerlMem_realloc(where, nbytes);
207 Free_t Perl_mfree (Malloc_t where)
215 /* copy a string up to some (non-backslashed) delimiter, if any */
218 Perl_delimcpy(pTHX_ register char *to, register char *toend, register char *from, register char *fromend, register int delim, I32 *retlen)
221 for (tolen = 0; from < fromend; from++, tolen++) {
223 if (from[1] == delim)
232 else if (*from == delim)
243 /* return ptr to little string in big string, NULL if not found */
244 /* This routine was donated by Corey Satten. */
247 Perl_instr(pTHX_ register const char *big, register const char *little)
249 register const char *s, *x;
260 for (x=big,s=little; *s; /**/ ) {
269 return (char*)(big-1);
274 /* same as instr but allow embedded nulls */
277 Perl_ninstr(pTHX_ register const char *big, register const char *bigend, const char *little, const char *lend)
279 register const char *s, *x;
280 register I32 first = *little;
281 register const char *littleend = lend;
283 if (!first && little >= littleend)
285 if (bigend - big < littleend - little)
287 bigend -= littleend - little++;
288 while (big <= bigend) {
291 for (x=big,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
298 return (char*)(big-1);
303 /* reverse of the above--find last substring */
306 Perl_rninstr(pTHX_ register const char *big, const char *bigend, const char *little, const char *lend)
308 register const char *bigbeg;
309 register const char *s, *x;
310 register I32 first = *little;
311 register const char *littleend = lend;
313 if (!first && little >= littleend)
314 return (char*)bigend;
316 big = bigend - (littleend - little++);
317 while (big >= bigbeg) {
320 for (x=big+2,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
327 return (char*)(big+1);
332 #define FBM_TABLE_OFFSET 2 /* Number of bytes between EOS and table*/
334 /* As a space optimization, we do not compile tables for strings of length
335 0 and 1, and for strings of length 2 unless FBMcf_TAIL. These are
336 special-cased in fbm_instr().
338 If FBMcf_TAIL, the table is created as if the string has a trailing \n. */
341 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
343 =for apidoc fbm_compile
345 Analyses the string in order to make fast searches on it using fbm_instr()
346 -- the Boyer-Moore algorithm.
352 Perl_fbm_compile(pTHX_ SV *sv, U32 flags)
361 if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL) {
362 MAGIC *mg = SvUTF8(sv) && SvMAGICAL(sv) ? mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_utf8) : NULL;
363 sv_catpvn(sv, "\n", 1); /* Taken into account in fbm_instr() */
364 if (mg && mg->mg_len >= 0)
367 s = (U8*)SvPV_force(sv, len);
368 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVBM);
369 if (len == 0) /* TAIL might be on a zero-length string. */
379 Sv_Grow(sv, len + 256 + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
380 table = (unsigned char*)(SvPVX(sv) + len + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET);
381 s = table - 1 - FBM_TABLE_OFFSET; /* last char */
382 memset((void*)table, mlen, 256);
383 table[-1] = (U8)flags;
385 sb = s - mlen + 1; /* first char (maybe) */
387 if (table[*s] == mlen)
392 sv_magic(sv, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_bm, Nullch, 0); /* deep magic */
395 s = (unsigned char*)(SvPVX(sv)); /* deeper magic */
396 for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
397 if (PL_freq[s[i]] < frequency) {
399 frequency = PL_freq[s[i]];
402 BmRARE(sv) = s[rarest];
403 BmPREVIOUS(sv) = (U16)rarest;
404 BmUSEFUL(sv) = 100; /* Initial value */
405 if (flags & FBMcf_TAIL)
407 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "rarest char %c at %d\n",
408 BmRARE(sv),BmPREVIOUS(sv)));
411 /* If SvTAIL(littlestr), it has a fake '\n' at end. */
412 /* If SvTAIL is actually due to \Z or \z, this gives false positives
416 =for apidoc fbm_instr
418 Returns the location of the SV in the string delimited by C<str> and
419 C<strend>. It returns C<Nullch> if the string can't be found. The C<sv>
420 does not have to be fbm_compiled, but the search will not be as fast
427 Perl_fbm_instr(pTHX_ unsigned char *big, register unsigned char *bigend, SV *littlestr, U32 flags)
429 register unsigned char *s;
431 register unsigned char *little = (unsigned char *)SvPV(littlestr,l);
432 register STRLEN littlelen = l;
433 register I32 multiline = flags & FBMrf_MULTILINE;
435 if ((STRLEN)(bigend - big) < littlelen) {
436 if ( SvTAIL(littlestr)
437 && ((STRLEN)(bigend - big) == littlelen - 1)
439 || (*big == *little &&
440 memEQ((char *)big, (char *)little, littlelen - 1))))
445 if (littlelen <= 2) { /* Special-cased */
447 if (littlelen == 1) {
448 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) { /* Anchor only! */
449 /* Know that bigend != big. */
450 if (bigend[-1] == '\n')
451 return (char *)(bigend - 1);
452 return (char *) bigend;
460 if (SvTAIL(littlestr))
461 return (char *) bigend;
465 return (char*)big; /* Cannot be SvTAIL! */
468 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) {
469 if (bigend[-1] == '\n' && bigend[-2] == *little)
470 return (char*)bigend - 2;
471 if (bigend[-1] == *little)
472 return (char*)bigend - 1;
476 /* This should be better than FBM if c1 == c2, and almost
477 as good otherwise: maybe better since we do less indirection.
478 And we save a lot of memory by caching no table. */
479 register unsigned char c1 = little[0];
480 register unsigned char c2 = little[1];
485 while (s <= bigend) {
495 goto check_1char_anchor;
506 goto check_1char_anchor;
509 while (s <= bigend) {
514 goto check_1char_anchor;
523 check_1char_anchor: /* One char and anchor! */
524 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && (*bigend == *little))
525 return (char *)bigend; /* bigend is already decremented. */
528 if (SvTAIL(littlestr) && !multiline) { /* tail anchored? */
529 s = bigend - littlelen;
530 if (s >= big && bigend[-1] == '\n' && *s == *little
531 /* Automatically of length > 2 */
532 && memEQ((char*)s + 1, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
534 return (char*)s; /* how sweet it is */
537 && memEQ((char*)s + 2, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
539 return (char*)s + 1; /* how sweet it is */
543 if (SvTYPE(littlestr) != SVt_PVBM || !SvVALID(littlestr)) {
544 char *b = ninstr((char*)big,(char*)bigend,
545 (char*)little, (char*)little + littlelen);
547 if (!b && SvTAIL(littlestr)) { /* Automatically multiline! */
548 /* Chop \n from littlestr: */
549 s = bigend - littlelen + 1;
551 && memEQ((char*)s + 1, (char*)little + 1, littlelen - 2))
560 { /* Do actual FBM. */
561 register unsigned char *table = little + littlelen + FBM_TABLE_OFFSET;
562 register unsigned char *oldlittle;
564 if (littlelen > (STRLEN)(bigend - big))
566 --littlelen; /* Last char found by table lookup */
569 little += littlelen; /* last char */
576 if ((tmp = table[*s])) {
577 if ((s += tmp) < bigend)
581 else { /* less expensive than calling strncmp() */
582 register unsigned char *olds = s;
587 if (*--s == *--little)
589 s = olds + 1; /* here we pay the price for failure */
591 if (s < bigend) /* fake up continue to outer loop */
599 if ( s == bigend && (table[-1] & FBMcf_TAIL)
600 && memEQ((char *)(bigend - littlelen),
601 (char *)(oldlittle - littlelen), littlelen) )
602 return (char*)bigend - littlelen;
607 /* start_shift, end_shift are positive quantities which give offsets
608 of ends of some substring of bigstr.
609 If `last' we want the last occurrence.
610 old_posp is the way of communication between consequent calls if
611 the next call needs to find the .
612 The initial *old_posp should be -1.
614 Note that we take into account SvTAIL, so one can get extra
615 optimizations if _ALL flag is set.
618 /* If SvTAIL is actually due to \Z or \z, this gives false positives
619 if PL_multiline. In fact if !PL_multiline the authoritative answer
620 is not supported yet. */
623 Perl_screaminstr(pTHX_ SV *bigstr, SV *littlestr, I32 start_shift, I32 end_shift, I32 *old_posp, I32 last)
625 register unsigned char *s, *x;
626 register unsigned char *big;
628 register I32 previous;
630 register unsigned char *little;
631 register I32 stop_pos;
632 register unsigned char *littleend;
636 ? (pos = PL_screamfirst[BmRARE(littlestr)]) < 0
637 : (((pos = *old_posp), pos += PL_screamnext[pos]) == 0)) {
639 if ( BmRARE(littlestr) == '\n'
640 && BmPREVIOUS(littlestr) == SvCUR(littlestr) - 1) {
641 little = (unsigned char *)(SvPVX(littlestr));
642 littleend = little + SvCUR(littlestr);
649 little = (unsigned char *)(SvPVX(littlestr));
650 littleend = little + SvCUR(littlestr);
652 /* The value of pos we can start at: */
653 previous = BmPREVIOUS(littlestr);
654 big = (unsigned char *)(SvPVX(bigstr));
655 /* The value of pos we can stop at: */
656 stop_pos = SvCUR(bigstr) - end_shift - (SvCUR(littlestr) - 1 - previous);
657 if (previous + start_shift > stop_pos) {
659 stop_pos does not include SvTAIL in the count, so this check is incorrect
660 (I think) - see [ID 20010618.006] and t/op/study.t. HVDS 2001/06/19
663 if (previous + start_shift == stop_pos + 1) /* A fake '\n'? */
668 while (pos < previous + start_shift) {
669 if (!(pos += PL_screamnext[pos]))
674 if (pos >= stop_pos) break;
675 if (big[pos] != first)
677 for (x=big+pos+1,s=little; s < littleend; /**/ ) {
683 if (s == littleend) {
685 if (!last) return (char *)(big+pos);
688 } while ( pos += PL_screamnext[pos] );
690 return (char *)(big+(*old_posp));
692 if (!SvTAIL(littlestr) || (end_shift > 0))
694 /* Ignore the trailing "\n". This code is not microoptimized */
695 big = (unsigned char *)(SvPVX(bigstr) + SvCUR(bigstr));
696 stop_pos = littleend - little; /* Actual littlestr len */
701 && ((stop_pos == 1) ||
702 memEQ((char *)(big + 1), (char *)little, stop_pos - 1)))
708 Perl_ibcmp(pTHX_ const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
710 register U8 *a = (U8 *)s1;
711 register U8 *b = (U8 *)s2;
713 if (*a != *b && *a != PL_fold[*b])
721 Perl_ibcmp_locale(pTHX_ const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
723 register U8 *a = (U8 *)s1;
724 register U8 *b = (U8 *)s2;
726 if (*a != *b && *a != PL_fold_locale[*b])
733 /* copy a string to a safe spot */
736 =head1 Memory Management
740 Perl's version of C<strdup()>. Returns a pointer to a newly allocated
741 string which is a duplicate of C<pv>. The size of the string is
742 determined by C<strlen()>. The memory allocated for the new string can
743 be freed with the C<Safefree()> function.
749 Perl_savepv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
751 register char *newaddr = Nullch;
753 New(902,newaddr,strlen(pv)+1,char);
754 (void)strcpy(newaddr,pv);
759 /* same thing but with a known length */
764 Perl's version of what C<strndup()> would be if it existed. Returns a
765 pointer to a newly allocated string which is a duplicate of the first
766 C<len> bytes from C<pv>. The memory allocated for the new string can be
767 freed with the C<Safefree()> function.
773 Perl_savepvn(pTHX_ const char *pv, register I32 len)
775 register char *newaddr;
777 New(903,newaddr,len+1,char);
778 /* Give a meaning to NULL pointer mainly for the use in sv_magic() */
780 Copy(pv,newaddr,len,char); /* might not be null terminated */
781 newaddr[len] = '\0'; /* is now */
784 Zero(newaddr,len+1,char);
790 =for apidoc savesharedpv
792 A version of C<savepv()> which allocates the duplicate string in memory
793 which is shared between threads.
798 Perl_savesharedpv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
800 register char *newaddr = Nullch;
802 newaddr = (char*)PerlMemShared_malloc(strlen(pv)+1);
803 (void)strcpy(newaddr,pv);
810 /* the SV for Perl_form() and mess() is not kept in an arena */
819 return sv_2mortal(newSVpvn("",0));
824 /* Create as PVMG now, to avoid any upgrading later */
826 Newz(905, any, 1, XPVMG);
827 SvFLAGS(sv) = SVt_PVMG;
828 SvANY(sv) = (void*)any;
829 SvREFCNT(sv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
834 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
836 Perl_form_nocontext(const char* pat, ...)
842 retval = vform(pat, &args);
846 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
849 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
852 Takes a sprintf-style format pattern and conventional
853 (non-SV) arguments and returns the formatted string.
855 (char *) Perl_form(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
857 can be used any place a string (char *) is required:
859 char * s = Perl_form("%d.%d",major,minor);
861 Uses a single private buffer so if you want to format several strings you
862 must explicitly copy the earlier strings away (and free the copies when you
869 Perl_form(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
874 retval = vform(pat, &args);
880 Perl_vform(pTHX_ const char *pat, va_list *args)
882 SV *sv = mess_alloc();
883 sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, strlen(pat), args, Null(SV**), 0, Null(bool*));
887 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
889 Perl_mess_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
895 retval = vmess(pat, &args);
899 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
902 Perl_mess(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
907 retval = vmess(pat, &args);
913 S_closest_cop(pTHX_ COP *cop, OP *o)
915 /* Look for PL_op starting from o. cop is the last COP we've seen. */
917 if (!o || o == PL_op) return cop;
919 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
921 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
925 /* If the OP_NEXTSTATE has been optimised away we can still use it
926 * the get the file and line number. */
928 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE)
931 /* Keep searching, and return when we've found something. */
933 new_cop = closest_cop(cop, kid);
934 if (new_cop) return new_cop;
944 Perl_vmess(pTHX_ const char *pat, va_list *args)
946 SV *sv = mess_alloc();
947 static char dgd[] = " during global destruction.\n";
950 sv_vsetpvfn(sv, pat, strlen(pat), args, Null(SV**), 0, Null(bool*));
951 if (!SvCUR(sv) || *(SvEND(sv) - 1) != '\n') {
954 * Try and find the file and line for PL_op. This will usually be
955 * PL_curcop, but it might be a cop that has been optimised away. We
956 * can try to find such a cop by searching through the optree starting
957 * from the sibling of PL_curcop.
960 cop = closest_cop(PL_curcop, PL_curcop->op_sibling);
961 if (!cop) cop = PL_curcop;
964 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " at %s line %"IVdf,
965 OutCopFILE(cop), (IV)CopLINE(cop));
966 if (GvIO(PL_last_in_gv) && IoLINES(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv))) {
967 bool line_mode = (RsSIMPLE(PL_rs) &&
968 SvCUR(PL_rs) == 1 && *SvPVX(PL_rs) == '\n');
969 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, ", <%s> %s %"IVdf,
970 PL_last_in_gv == PL_argvgv ?
971 "" : GvNAME(PL_last_in_gv),
972 line_mode ? "line" : "chunk",
973 (IV)IoLINES(GvIOp(PL_last_in_gv)));
975 sv_catpv(sv, PL_dirty ? dgd : ".\n");
981 Perl_write_to_stderr(pTHX_ const char* message, int msglen)
986 if (PL_stderrgv && SvREFCNT(PL_stderrgv)
987 && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv))
988 && (mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar)))
995 SAVESPTR(PL_stderrgv);
996 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
998 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
1002 PUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)io, mg));
1003 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(message, msglen)));
1005 call_method("PRINT", G_SCALAR);
1013 /* SFIO can really mess with your errno */
1016 PerlIO *serr = Perl_error_log;
1018 PERL_WRITE_MSG_TO_CONSOLE(serr, message, msglen);
1019 (void)PerlIO_flush(serr);
1027 Perl_vdie(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
1030 int was_in_eval = PL_in_eval;
1038 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1039 "%p: die: curstack = %p, mainstack = %p\n",
1040 thr, PL_curstack, PL_mainstack));
1043 msv = vmess(pat, args);
1044 if (PL_errors && SvCUR(PL_errors)) {
1045 sv_catsv(PL_errors, msv);
1046 message = SvPV(PL_errors, msglen);
1047 SvCUR_set(PL_errors, 0);
1050 message = SvPV(msv,msglen);
1058 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1059 "%p: die: message = %s\ndiehook = %p\n",
1060 thr, message, PL_diehook));
1062 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_croak() */
1063 SV *olddiehook = PL_diehook;
1065 SAVESPTR(PL_diehook);
1066 PL_diehook = Nullsv;
1067 cv = sv_2cv(olddiehook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1069 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1076 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1077 SvFLAGS(msg) |= utf8;
1085 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_DIEHOOK);
1089 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1095 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1096 SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
1097 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1098 "%p: die: restartop = %p, was_in_eval = %d, top_env = %p\n",
1099 thr, PL_restartop, was_in_eval, PL_top_env));
1100 if ((!PL_restartop && was_in_eval) || PL_top_env->je_prev)
1102 return PL_restartop;
1105 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1107 Perl_die_nocontext(const char* pat, ...)
1112 va_start(args, pat);
1113 o = vdie(pat, &args);
1117 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1120 Perl_die(pTHX_ const char* pat, ...)
1124 va_start(args, pat);
1125 o = vdie(pat, &args);
1131 Perl_vcroak(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
1142 msv = vmess(pat, args);
1143 if (PL_errors && SvCUR(PL_errors)) {
1144 sv_catsv(PL_errors, msv);
1145 message = SvPV(PL_errors, msglen);
1146 SvCUR_set(PL_errors, 0);
1149 message = SvPV(msv,msglen);
1157 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "croak: 0x%"UVxf" %s",
1158 PTR2UV(thr), message));
1161 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_croak() */
1162 SV *olddiehook = PL_diehook;
1164 SAVESPTR(PL_diehook);
1165 PL_diehook = Nullsv;
1166 cv = sv_2cv(olddiehook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1168 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1175 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1176 SvFLAGS(msg) |= utf8;
1184 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_DIEHOOK);
1188 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1194 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1195 SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
1199 message = SvPVx(ERRSV, msglen);
1201 write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
1205 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1207 Perl_croak_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
1211 va_start(args, pat);
1216 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1219 =head1 Warning and Dieing
1223 This is the XSUB-writer's interface to Perl's C<die> function.
1224 Normally use this function the same way you use the C C<printf>
1225 function. See C<warn>.
1227 If you want to throw an exception object, assign the object to
1228 C<$@> and then pass C<Nullch> to croak():
1230 errsv = get_sv("@", TRUE);
1231 sv_setsv(errsv, exception_object);
1238 Perl_croak(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1241 va_start(args, pat);
1248 Perl_vwarn(pTHX_ const char* pat, va_list *args)
1258 msv = vmess(pat, args);
1260 message = SvPV(msv, msglen);
1263 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_warn() */
1264 SV *oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
1266 SAVESPTR(PL_warnhook);
1267 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
1268 cv = sv_2cv(oldwarnhook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1270 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1276 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1277 SvFLAGS(msg) |= utf8;
1281 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_WARNHOOK);
1285 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1292 write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
1295 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1297 Perl_warn_nocontext(const char *pat, ...)
1301 va_start(args, pat);
1305 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1310 This is the XSUB-writer's interface to Perl's C<warn> function. Use this
1311 function the same way you use the C C<printf> function. See
1318 Perl_warn(pTHX_ const char *pat, ...)
1321 va_start(args, pat);
1326 #if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
1328 Perl_warner_nocontext(U32 err, const char *pat, ...)
1332 va_start(args, pat);
1333 vwarner(err, pat, &args);
1336 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT */
1339 Perl_warner(pTHX_ U32 err, const char* pat,...)
1342 va_start(args, pat);
1343 vwarner(err, pat, &args);
1348 Perl_vwarner(pTHX_ U32 err, const char* pat, va_list* args)
1358 msv = vmess(pat, args);
1359 message = SvPV(msv, msglen);
1364 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_croak() */
1365 SV *olddiehook = PL_diehook;
1367 SAVESPTR(PL_diehook);
1368 PL_diehook = Nullsv;
1369 cv = sv_2cv(olddiehook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1371 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1377 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1378 SvFLAGS(msg) |= utf8;
1382 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_DIEHOOK);
1386 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1392 PL_restartop = die_where(message, msglen);
1393 SvFLAGS(ERRSV) |= utf8;
1396 write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
1401 /* sv_2cv might call Perl_warn() */
1402 SV *oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
1404 SAVESPTR(PL_warnhook);
1405 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
1406 cv = sv_2cv(oldwarnhook, &stash, &gv, 0);
1408 if (cv && !CvDEPTH(cv) && (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))) {
1414 msg = newSVpvn(message, msglen);
1415 SvFLAGS(msg) |= utf8;
1419 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_WARNHOOK);
1423 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1429 write_to_stderr(message, msglen);
1433 /* since we've already done strlen() for both nam and val
1434 * we can use that info to make things faster than
1435 * sprintf(s, "%s=%s", nam, val)
1437 #define my_setenv_format(s, nam, nlen, val, vlen) \
1438 Copy(nam, s, nlen, char); \
1440 Copy(val, s+(nlen+1), vlen, char); \
1441 *(s+(nlen+1+vlen)) = '\0'
1443 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
1444 /* VMS' my_setenv() is in vms.c */
1445 #if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
1447 Perl_my_setenv(pTHX_ char *nam, char *val)
1450 /* only parent thread can modify process environment */
1451 if (PL_curinterp == aTHX)
1454 #ifndef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1455 /* most putenv()s leak, so we manipulate environ directly */
1456 register I32 i=setenv_getix(nam); /* where does it go? */
1459 if (environ == PL_origenviron) { /* need we copy environment? */
1465 for (max = i; environ[max]; max++) ;
1466 tmpenv = (char**)safesysmalloc((max+2) * sizeof(char*));
1467 for (j=0; j<max; j++) { /* copy environment */
1468 int len = strlen(environ[j]);
1469 tmpenv[j] = (char*)safesysmalloc((len+1)*sizeof(char));
1470 Copy(environ[j], tmpenv[j], len+1, char);
1472 tmpenv[max] = Nullch;
1473 environ = tmpenv; /* tell exec where it is now */
1476 safesysfree(environ[i]);
1477 while (environ[i]) {
1478 environ[i] = environ[i+1];
1483 if (!environ[i]) { /* does not exist yet */
1484 environ = (char**)safesysrealloc(environ, (i+2) * sizeof(char*));
1485 environ[i+1] = Nullch; /* make sure it's null terminated */
1488 safesysfree(environ[i]);
1492 environ[i] = (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen+vlen+2) * sizeof(char));
1493 /* all that work just for this */
1494 my_setenv_format(environ[i], nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1496 #else /* PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV */
1497 # if defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined( EPOC)
1498 setenv(nam, val, 1);
1501 int nlen = strlen(nam), vlen;
1506 new_env = (char*)safesysmalloc((nlen + vlen + 2) * sizeof(char));
1507 /* all that work just for this */
1508 my_setenv_format(new_env, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1509 (void)putenv(new_env);
1510 # endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
1511 #endif /* PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV */
1515 #else /* WIN32 || NETWARE */
1518 Perl_my_setenv(pTHX_ char *nam,char *val)
1520 register char *envstr;
1521 int nlen = strlen(nam), vlen;
1527 New(904, envstr, nlen+vlen+2, char);
1528 my_setenv_format(envstr, nam, nlen, val, vlen);
1529 (void)PerlEnv_putenv(envstr);
1533 #endif /* WIN32 || NETWARE */
1537 Perl_setenv_getix(pTHX_ char *nam)
1539 register I32 i, len = strlen(nam);
1541 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++) {
1544 strnicmp(environ[i],nam,len) == 0
1546 strnEQ(environ[i],nam,len)
1548 && environ[i][len] == '=')
1549 break; /* strnEQ must come first to avoid */
1550 } /* potential SEGV's */
1553 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
1555 #endif /* !VMS && !EPOC*/
1557 #ifdef UNLINK_ALL_VERSIONS
1559 Perl_unlnk(pTHX_ char *f) /* unlink all versions of a file */
1563 for (i = 0; PerlLIO_unlink(f) >= 0; i++) ;
1568 /* this is a drop-in replacement for bcopy() */
1569 #if (!defined(HAS_MEMCPY) && !defined(HAS_BCOPY)) || (!defined(HAS_MEMMOVE) && !defined(HAS_SAFE_MEMCPY) && !defined(HAS_SAFE_BCOPY))
1571 Perl_my_bcopy(register const char *from,register char *to,register I32 len)
1575 if (from - to >= 0) {
1583 *(--to) = *(--from);
1589 /* this is a drop-in replacement for memset() */
1592 Perl_my_memset(register char *loc, register I32 ch, register I32 len)
1602 /* this is a drop-in replacement for bzero() */
1603 #if !defined(HAS_BZERO) && !defined(HAS_MEMSET)
1605 Perl_my_bzero(register char *loc, register I32 len)
1615 /* this is a drop-in replacement for memcmp() */
1616 #if !defined(HAS_MEMCMP) || !defined(HAS_SANE_MEMCMP)
1618 Perl_my_memcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, register I32 len)
1620 register U8 *a = (U8 *)s1;
1621 register U8 *b = (U8 *)s2;
1625 if (tmp = *a++ - *b++)
1630 #endif /* !HAS_MEMCMP || !HAS_SANE_MEMCMP */
1634 #ifdef USE_CHAR_VSPRINTF
1639 vsprintf(char *dest, const char *pat, char *args)
1643 fakebuf._ptr = dest;
1644 fakebuf._cnt = 32767;
1648 fakebuf._flag = _IOWRT|_IOSTRG;
1649 _doprnt(pat, args, &fakebuf); /* what a kludge */
1650 (void)putc('\0', &fakebuf);
1651 #ifdef USE_CHAR_VSPRINTF
1654 return 0; /* perl doesn't use return value */
1658 #endif /* HAS_VPRINTF */
1661 #if BYTEORDER != 0x4321
1663 Perl_my_swap(pTHX_ short s)
1665 #if (BYTEORDER & 1) == 0
1668 result = ((s & 255) << 8) + ((s >> 8) & 255);
1676 Perl_my_htonl(pTHX_ long l)
1680 char c[sizeof(long)];
1683 #if BYTEORDER == 0x1234
1684 u.c[0] = (l >> 24) & 255;
1685 u.c[1] = (l >> 16) & 255;
1686 u.c[2] = (l >> 8) & 255;
1690 #if ((BYTEORDER - 0x1111) & 0x444) || !(BYTEORDER & 0xf)
1691 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown BYTEORDER\n");
1696 for (o = BYTEORDER - 0x1111, s = 0; s < (sizeof(long)*8); o >>= 4, s += 8) {
1697 u.c[o & 0xf] = (l >> s) & 255;
1705 Perl_my_ntohl(pTHX_ long l)
1709 char c[sizeof(long)];
1712 #if BYTEORDER == 0x1234
1713 u.c[0] = (l >> 24) & 255;
1714 u.c[1] = (l >> 16) & 255;
1715 u.c[2] = (l >> 8) & 255;
1719 #if ((BYTEORDER - 0x1111) & 0x444) || !(BYTEORDER & 0xf)
1720 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown BYTEORDER\n");
1727 for (o = BYTEORDER - 0x1111, s = 0; s < (sizeof(long)*8); o >>= 4, s += 8) {
1728 l |= (u.c[o & 0xf] & 255) << s;
1735 #endif /* BYTEORDER != 0x4321 */
1739 * Little-endian byte order functions - 'v' for 'VAX', or 'reVerse'.
1740 * If these functions are defined,
1741 * the BYTEORDER is neither 0x1234 nor 0x4321.
1742 * However, this is not assumed.
1746 #define HTOV(name,type) \
1748 name (register type n) \
1752 char c[sizeof(type)]; \
1756 for (i = 0, s = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s += 8) { \
1757 u.c[i] = (n >> s) & 0xFF; \
1762 #define VTOH(name,type) \
1764 name (register type n) \
1768 char c[sizeof(type)]; \
1774 for (i = 0, s = 0; i < sizeof(u.c); i++, s += 8) { \
1775 n += (u.c[i] & 0xFF) << s; \
1780 #if defined(HAS_HTOVS) && !defined(htovs)
1783 #if defined(HAS_HTOVL) && !defined(htovl)
1786 #if defined(HAS_VTOHS) && !defined(vtohs)
1789 #if defined(HAS_VTOHL) && !defined(vtohl)
1794 Perl_my_popen_list(pTHX_ char *mode, int n, SV **args)
1796 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(OS2) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL) && !defined(NETWARE)
1798 register I32 This, that;
1804 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
1805 This = (*mode == 'w');
1809 taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
1811 if (PerlProc_pipe(p) < 0)
1813 /* Try for another pipe pair for error return */
1814 if (PerlProc_pipe(pp) >= 0)
1816 while ((pid = PerlProc_fork()) < 0) {
1817 if (errno != EAGAIN) {
1818 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1819 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
1821 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1822 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
1834 /* Close parent's end of error status pipe (if any) */
1836 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1837 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
1838 /* Close error pipe automatically if exec works */
1839 fcntl(pp[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1842 /* Now dup our end of _the_ pipe to right position */
1843 if (p[THIS] != (*mode == 'r')) {
1844 PerlLIO_dup2(p[THIS], *mode == 'r');
1845 PerlLIO_close(p[THIS]);
1846 if (p[THAT] != (*mode == 'r')) /* if dup2() didn't close it */
1847 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]); /* close parent's end of _the_ pipe */
1850 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]); /* close parent's end of _the_ pipe */
1851 #if !defined(HAS_FCNTL) || !defined(F_SETFD)
1852 /* No automatic close - do it by hand */
1859 for (fd = PL_maxsysfd + 1; fd < NOFILE; fd++) {
1865 do_aexec5(Nullsv, args-1, args-1+n, pp[1], did_pipes);
1871 do_execfree(); /* free any memory malloced by child on fork */
1873 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
1874 /* Keep the lower of the two fd numbers */
1875 if (p[that] < p[This]) {
1876 PerlLIO_dup2(p[This], p[that]);
1877 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1881 PerlLIO_close(p[that]); /* close child's end of pipe */
1884 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[This],TRUE);
1886 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
1888 PL_forkprocess = pid;
1889 /* If we managed to get status pipe check for exec fail */
1890 if (did_pipes && pid > 0) {
1894 while (n < sizeof(int)) {
1895 n1 = PerlLIO_read(pp[0],
1896 (void*)(((char*)&errkid)+n),
1902 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1904 if (n) { /* Error */
1906 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1907 if (n != sizeof(int))
1908 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: kid popen errno read");
1910 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
1911 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
1912 errno = errkid; /* Propagate errno from kid */
1917 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1918 return PerlIO_fdopen(p[This], mode);
1920 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "List form of piped open not implemented");
1921 return (PerlIO *) NULL;
1925 /* VMS' my_popen() is in VMS.c, same with OS/2. */
1926 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
1928 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ char *cmd, char *mode)
1931 register I32 This, that;
1934 I32 doexec = strNE(cmd,"-");
1938 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
1941 return my_syspopen(aTHX_ cmd,mode);
1944 This = (*mode == 'w');
1946 if (doexec && PL_tainting) {
1948 taint_proper("Insecure %s%s", "EXEC");
1950 if (PerlProc_pipe(p) < 0)
1952 if (doexec && PerlProc_pipe(pp) >= 0)
1954 while ((pid = PerlProc_fork()) < 0) {
1955 if (errno != EAGAIN) {
1956 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
1957 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
1959 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1960 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
1963 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't fork");
1976 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
1977 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
1978 fcntl(pp[1], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1981 if (p[THIS] != (*mode == 'r')) {
1982 PerlLIO_dup2(p[THIS], *mode == 'r');
1983 PerlLIO_close(p[THIS]);
1984 if (p[THAT] != (*mode == 'r')) /* if dup2() didn't close it */
1985 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);
1988 PerlLIO_close(p[THAT]);
1991 #if !defined(HAS_FCNTL) || !defined(F_SETFD)
2000 for (fd = PL_maxsysfd + 1; fd < NOFILE; fd++)
2005 /* may or may not use the shell */
2006 do_exec3(cmd, pp[1], did_pipes);
2009 #endif /* defined OS2 */
2011 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
2012 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
2013 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), PerlProc_getpid());
2014 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
2016 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
2017 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
2020 hv_clear(PL_pidstatus); /* we have no children */
2025 do_execfree(); /* free any memory malloced by child on vfork */
2027 PerlLIO_close(pp[1]);
2028 if (p[that] < p[This]) {
2029 PerlLIO_dup2(p[This], p[that]);
2030 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2034 PerlLIO_close(p[that]);
2037 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,p[This],TRUE);
2039 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
2041 PL_forkprocess = pid;
2042 if (did_pipes && pid > 0) {
2046 while (n < sizeof(int)) {
2047 n1 = PerlLIO_read(pp[0],
2048 (void*)(((char*)&errkid)+n),
2054 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2056 if (n) { /* Error */
2058 PerlLIO_close(p[This]);
2059 if (n != sizeof(int))
2060 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: kid popen errno read");
2062 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2063 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
2064 errno = errkid; /* Propagate errno from kid */
2069 PerlLIO_close(pp[0]);
2070 return PerlIO_fdopen(p[This], mode);
2073 #if defined(atarist) || defined(EPOC)
2076 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ char *cmd, char *mode)
2078 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2079 /* Call system's popen() to get a FILE *, then import it.
2080 used 0 for 2nd parameter to PerlIO_importFILE;
2083 return PerlIO_importFILE(popen(cmd, mode), 0);
2087 FILE *djgpp_popen();
2089 Perl_my_popen(pTHX_ char *cmd, char *mode)
2091 PERL_FLUSHALL_FOR_CHILD;
2092 /* Call system's popen() to get a FILE *, then import it.
2093 used 0 for 2nd parameter to PerlIO_importFILE;
2096 return PerlIO_importFILE(djgpp_popen(cmd, mode), 0);
2101 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2103 /* this is called in parent before the fork() */
2105 Perl_atfork_lock(void)
2107 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2108 /* locks must be held in locking order (if any) */
2110 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex);
2116 /* this is called in both parent and child after the fork() */
2118 Perl_atfork_unlock(void)
2120 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2121 /* locks must be released in same order as in atfork_lock() */
2123 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_malloc_mutex);
2132 #if defined(HAS_FORK)
2134 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(HAS_PTHREAD_ATFORK)
2139 /* atfork_lock() and atfork_unlock() are installed as pthread_atfork()
2140 * handlers elsewhere in the code */
2145 /* this "canna happen" since nothing should be calling here if !HAS_FORK */
2146 Perl_croak_nocontext("fork() not available");
2148 #endif /* HAS_FORK */
2153 Perl_dump_fds(pTHX_ char *s)
2158 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"%s", s);
2159 for (fd = 0; fd < 32; fd++) {
2160 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd,&tmpstatbuf) >= 0)
2161 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log," %d",fd);
2163 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"\n");
2165 #endif /* DUMP_FDS */
2169 dup2(int oldfd, int newfd)
2171 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_DUPFD)
2174 PerlLIO_close(newfd);
2175 return fcntl(oldfd, F_DUPFD, newfd);
2177 #define DUP2_MAX_FDS 256
2178 int fdtmp[DUP2_MAX_FDS];
2184 PerlLIO_close(newfd);
2185 /* good enough for low fd's... */
2186 while ((fd = PerlLIO_dup(oldfd)) != newfd && fd >= 0) {
2187 if (fdx >= DUP2_MAX_FDS) {
2195 PerlLIO_close(fdtmp[--fdx]);
2202 #ifdef HAS_SIGACTION
2204 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2205 /* We don't want restart behavior on MacOS */
2210 Perl_rsignal(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler)
2212 struct sigaction act, oact;
2215 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2216 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2220 act.sa_handler = handler;
2221 sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
2224 if (PL_signals & PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG)
2225 act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART; /* SVR4, 4.3+BSD */
2227 #if defined(SA_NOCLDWAIT) && !defined(BSDish) /* See [perl #18849] */
2228 if (signo == SIGCHLD && handler == (Sighandler_t)SIG_IGN)
2229 act.sa_flags |= SA_NOCLDWAIT;
2231 if (sigaction(signo, &act, &oact) == -1)
2234 return oact.sa_handler;
2238 Perl_rsignal_state(pTHX_ int signo)
2240 struct sigaction oact;
2242 if (sigaction(signo, (struct sigaction *)NULL, &oact) == -1)
2245 return oact.sa_handler;
2249 Perl_rsignal_save(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler, Sigsave_t *save)
2251 struct sigaction act;
2254 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2255 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2259 act.sa_handler = handler;
2260 sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
2263 if (PL_signals & PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG)
2264 act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART; /* SVR4, 4.3+BSD */
2266 #if defined(SA_NOCLDWAIT) && !defined(BSDish) /* See [perl #18849] */
2267 if (signo == SIGCHLD && handler == (Sighandler_t)SIG_IGN)
2268 act.sa_flags |= SA_NOCLDWAIT;
2270 return sigaction(signo, &act, save);
2274 Perl_rsignal_restore(pTHX_ int signo, Sigsave_t *save)
2277 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2278 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2282 return sigaction(signo, save, (struct sigaction *)NULL);
2285 #else /* !HAS_SIGACTION */
2288 Perl_rsignal(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler)
2290 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2291 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2292 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2296 return PerlProc_signal(signo, handler);
2299 static int sig_trapped; /* XXX signals are process-wide anyway, so we
2300 ignore the implications of this for threading */
2310 Perl_rsignal_state(pTHX_ int signo)
2312 Sighandler_t oldsig;
2314 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2315 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2316 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2321 oldsig = PerlProc_signal(signo, sig_trap);
2322 PerlProc_signal(signo, oldsig);
2324 PerlProc_kill(PerlProc_getpid(), signo);
2329 Perl_rsignal_save(pTHX_ int signo, Sighandler_t handler, Sigsave_t *save)
2331 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2332 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2333 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2336 *save = PerlProc_signal(signo, handler);
2337 return (*save == SIG_ERR) ? -1 : 0;
2341 Perl_rsignal_restore(pTHX_ int signo, Sigsave_t *save)
2343 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS) && !defined(WIN32)
2344 /* only "parent" interpreter can diddle signals */
2345 if (PL_curinterp != aTHX)
2348 return (PerlProc_signal(signo, *save) == SIG_ERR) ? -1 : 0;
2351 #endif /* !HAS_SIGACTION */
2352 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
2354 /* VMS' my_pclose() is in VMS.c; same with OS/2 */
2355 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(HAS_FORK) || defined(AMIGAOS)) && !defined(VMS) && !defined(__OPEN_VM) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
2357 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2359 Sigsave_t hstat, istat, qstat;
2365 int saved_errno = 0;
2367 int saved_vaxc_errno;
2370 int saved_win32_errno;
2374 svp = av_fetch(PL_fdpid,PerlIO_fileno(ptr),TRUE);
2376 pid = (SvTYPE(*svp) == SVt_IV) ? SvIVX(*svp) : -1;
2378 *svp = &PL_sv_undef;
2380 if (pid == -1) { /* Opened by popen. */
2381 return my_syspclose(ptr);
2384 if ((close_failed = (PerlIO_close(ptr) == EOF))) {
2385 saved_errno = errno;
2387 saved_vaxc_errno = vaxc$errno;
2390 saved_win32_errno = GetLastError();
2394 if(PerlProc_kill(pid, 0) < 0) { return(pid); } /* HOM 12/23/91 */
2397 rsignal_save(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN, &hstat);
2398 rsignal_save(SIGINT, SIG_IGN, &istat);
2399 rsignal_save(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN, &qstat);
2402 pid2 = wait4pid(pid, &status, 0);
2403 } while (pid2 == -1 && errno == EINTR);
2405 rsignal_restore(SIGHUP, &hstat);
2406 rsignal_restore(SIGINT, &istat);
2407 rsignal_restore(SIGQUIT, &qstat);
2410 SETERRNO(saved_errno, saved_vaxc_errno);
2413 return(pid2 < 0 ? pid2 : status == 0 ? 0 : (errno = 0, status));
2415 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2417 #if (!defined(DOSISH) || defined(OS2) || defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
2419 Perl_wait4pid(pTHX_ Pid_t pid, int *statusp, int flags)
2424 #if !defined(HAS_WAITPID) && !defined(HAS_WAIT4) || defined(HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2428 char spid[TYPE_CHARS(int)];
2431 sprintf(spid, "%"IVdf, (IV)pid);
2432 svp = hv_fetch(PL_pidstatus,spid,strlen(spid),FALSE);
2433 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef) {
2434 *statusp = SvIVX(*svp);
2435 (void)hv_delete(PL_pidstatus,spid,strlen(spid),G_DISCARD);
2442 hv_iterinit(PL_pidstatus);
2443 if ((entry = hv_iternext(PL_pidstatus))) {
2445 char spid[TYPE_CHARS(int)];
2447 pid = atoi(hv_iterkey(entry,(I32*)statusp));
2448 sv = hv_iterval(PL_pidstatus,entry);
2449 *statusp = SvIVX(sv);
2450 sprintf(spid, "%"IVdf, (IV)pid);
2451 (void)hv_delete(PL_pidstatus,spid,strlen(spid),G_DISCARD);
2458 # ifdef HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME
2459 if (!HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2462 result = PerlProc_waitpid(pid,statusp,flags);
2465 #if !defined(HAS_WAITPID) && defined(HAS_WAIT4)
2466 result = wait4((pid==-1)?0:pid,statusp,flags,Null(struct rusage *));
2469 #if !defined(HAS_WAITPID) && !defined(HAS_WAIT4) || defined(HAS_WAITPID_RUNTIME)
2473 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do waitpid with flags");
2475 while ((result = PerlProc_wait(statusp)) != pid && pid > 0 && result >= 0)
2476 pidgone(result,*statusp);
2483 if (result < 0 && errno == EINTR) {
2488 #endif /* !DOSISH || OS2 || WIN32 || NETWARE */
2492 Perl_pidgone(pTHX_ Pid_t pid, int status)
2495 char spid[TYPE_CHARS(int)];
2497 sprintf(spid, "%"IVdf, (IV)pid);
2498 sv = *hv_fetch(PL_pidstatus,spid,strlen(spid),TRUE);
2499 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv,SVt_IV);
2504 #if defined(atarist) || defined(OS2) || defined(EPOC)
2507 int /* Cannot prototype with I32
2509 my_syspclose(PerlIO *ptr)
2512 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2515 /* Needs work for PerlIO ! */
2516 FILE *f = PerlIO_findFILE(ptr);
2517 I32 result = pclose(f);
2518 PerlIO_releaseFILE(ptr,f);
2526 Perl_my_pclose(pTHX_ PerlIO *ptr)
2528 /* Needs work for PerlIO ! */
2529 FILE *f = PerlIO_findFILE(ptr);
2530 I32 result = djgpp_pclose(f);
2531 result = (result << 8) & 0xff00;
2532 PerlIO_releaseFILE(ptr,f);
2538 Perl_repeatcpy(pTHX_ register char *to, register const char *from, I32 len, register I32 count)
2541 register const char *frombase = from;
2544 register const char c = *from;
2549 while (count-- > 0) {
2550 for (todo = len; todo > 0; todo--) {
2559 Perl_same_dirent(pTHX_ char *a, char *b)
2561 char *fa = strrchr(a,'/');
2562 char *fb = strrchr(b,'/');
2565 SV *tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
2578 sv_setpv(tmpsv, ".");
2580 sv_setpvn(tmpsv, a, fa - a);
2581 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(tmpsv), &tmpstatbuf1) < 0)
2584 sv_setpv(tmpsv, ".");
2586 sv_setpvn(tmpsv, b, fb - b);
2587 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(tmpsv), &tmpstatbuf2) < 0)
2589 return tmpstatbuf1.st_dev == tmpstatbuf2.st_dev &&
2590 tmpstatbuf1.st_ino == tmpstatbuf2.st_ino;
2592 #endif /* !HAS_RENAME */
2595 Perl_find_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, char **search_ext, I32 flags)
2597 char *xfound = Nullch;
2598 char *xfailed = Nullch;
2599 char tmpbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
2603 #if defined(DOSISH) && !defined(OS2) && !defined(atarist)
2604 # define SEARCH_EXTS ".bat", ".cmd", NULL
2605 # define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2608 # define SEARCH_EXTS ".cmd", ".btm", ".bat", ".pl", NULL
2609 # define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2612 # define SEARCH_EXTS ".pl", ".com", NULL
2613 # define MAX_EXT_LEN 4
2615 /* additional extensions to try in each dir if scriptname not found */
2617 char *exts[] = { SEARCH_EXTS };
2618 char **ext = search_ext ? search_ext : exts;
2619 int extidx = 0, i = 0;
2620 char *curext = Nullch;
2622 # define MAX_EXT_LEN 0
2626 * If dosearch is true and if scriptname does not contain path
2627 * delimiters, search the PATH for scriptname.
2629 * If SEARCH_EXTS is also defined, will look for each
2630 * scriptname{SEARCH_EXTS} whenever scriptname is not found
2631 * while searching the PATH.
2633 * Assuming SEARCH_EXTS is C<".foo",".bar",NULL>, PATH search
2634 * proceeds as follows:
2635 * If DOSISH or VMSISH:
2636 * + look for ./scriptname{,.foo,.bar}
2637 * + search the PATH for scriptname{,.foo,.bar}
2640 * + look *only* in the PATH for scriptname{,.foo,.bar} (note
2641 * this will not look in '.' if it's not in the PATH)
2646 # ifdef ALWAYS_DEFTYPES
2647 len = strlen(scriptname);
2648 if (!(len == 1 && *scriptname == '-') && scriptname[len-1] != ':') {
2649 int hasdir, idx = 0, deftypes = 1;
2652 hasdir = !dosearch || (strpbrk(scriptname,":[</") != Nullch) ;
2655 int hasdir, idx = 0, deftypes = 1;
2658 hasdir = (strpbrk(scriptname,":[</") != Nullch) ;
2660 /* The first time through, just add SEARCH_EXTS to whatever we
2661 * already have, so we can check for default file types. */
2663 (!hasdir && my_trnlnm("DCL$PATH",tmpbuf,idx++)) )
2669 if ((strlen(tmpbuf) + strlen(scriptname)
2670 + MAX_EXT_LEN) >= sizeof tmpbuf)
2671 continue; /* don't search dir with too-long name */
2672 strcat(tmpbuf, scriptname);
2676 if (strEQ(scriptname, "-"))
2678 if (dosearch) { /* Look in '.' first. */
2679 char *cur = scriptname;
2681 if ((curext = strrchr(scriptname,'.'))) /* possible current ext */
2683 if (strEQ(ext[i++],curext)) {
2684 extidx = -1; /* already has an ext */
2689 DEBUG_p(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2690 "Looking for %s\n",cur));
2691 if (PerlLIO_stat(cur,&PL_statbuf) >= 0
2692 && !S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
2700 if (cur == scriptname) {
2701 len = strlen(scriptname);
2702 if (len+MAX_EXT_LEN+1 >= sizeof(tmpbuf))
2704 cur = strcpy(tmpbuf, scriptname);
2706 } while (extidx >= 0 && ext[extidx] /* try an extension? */
2707 && strcpy(tmpbuf+len, ext[extidx++]));
2712 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2713 if (dosearch && !strchr(scriptname, ':') &&
2714 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("Commands")))
2716 if (dosearch && !strchr(scriptname, '/')
2718 && !strchr(scriptname, '\\')
2720 && (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PATH")))
2725 PL_bufend = s + strlen(s);
2726 while (s < PL_bufend) {
2727 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2728 s = delimcpy(tmpbuf, tmpbuf + sizeof tmpbuf, s, PL_bufend,
2732 #if defined(atarist) || defined(DOSISH)
2737 && *s != ';'; len++, s++) {
2738 if (len < sizeof tmpbuf)
2741 if (len < sizeof tmpbuf)
2743 #else /* ! (atarist || DOSISH) */
2744 s = delimcpy(tmpbuf, tmpbuf + sizeof tmpbuf, s, PL_bufend,
2747 #endif /* ! (atarist || DOSISH) */
2748 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
2751 if (len + 1 + strlen(scriptname) + MAX_EXT_LEN >= sizeof tmpbuf)
2752 continue; /* don't search dir with too-long name */
2753 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2754 if (len && tmpbuf[len - 1] != ':')
2755 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
2758 #if defined(atarist) || defined(__MINT__) || defined(DOSISH)
2759 && tmpbuf[len - 1] != '/'
2760 && tmpbuf[len - 1] != '\\'
2763 tmpbuf[len++] = '/';
2764 if (len == 2 && tmpbuf[0] == '.')
2767 (void)strcpy(tmpbuf + len, scriptname);
2771 len = strlen(tmpbuf);
2772 if (extidx > 0) /* reset after previous loop */
2776 DEBUG_p(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Looking for %s\n",tmpbuf));
2777 retval = PerlLIO_stat(tmpbuf,&PL_statbuf);
2778 if (S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
2782 } while ( retval < 0 /* not there */
2783 && extidx>=0 && ext[extidx] /* try an extension? */
2784 && strcpy(tmpbuf+len, ext[extidx++])
2789 if (S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)
2790 && cando(S_IRUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf)
2791 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
2792 && cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf)
2796 xfound = tmpbuf; /* bingo! */
2800 xfailed = savepv(tmpbuf);
2803 if (!xfound && !seen_dot && !xfailed &&
2804 (PerlLIO_stat(scriptname,&PL_statbuf) < 0
2805 || S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)))
2807 seen_dot = 1; /* Disable message. */
2809 if (flags & 1) { /* do or die? */
2810 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't %s %s%s%s",
2811 (xfailed ? "execute" : "find"),
2812 (xfailed ? xfailed : scriptname),
2813 (xfailed ? "" : " on PATH"),
2814 (xfailed || seen_dot) ? "" : ", '.' not in PATH");
2816 scriptname = Nullch;
2820 scriptname = xfound;
2822 return (scriptname ? savepv(scriptname) : Nullch);
2825 #ifndef PERL_GET_CONTEXT_DEFINED
2828 Perl_get_context(void)
2830 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2831 # ifdef OLD_PTHREADS_API
2833 if (pthread_getspecific(PL_thr_key, &t))
2834 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: pthread_getspecific");
2837 # ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS
2838 return (void*)cthread_data(cthread_self());
2840 return (void*)PTHREAD_GETSPECIFIC(PL_thr_key);
2849 Perl_set_context(void *t)
2851 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2852 # ifdef I_MACH_CTHREADS
2853 cthread_set_data(cthread_self(), t);
2855 if (pthread_setspecific(PL_thr_key, t))
2856 Perl_croak_nocontext("panic: pthread_setspecific");
2861 #endif /* !PERL_GET_CONTEXT_DEFINED */
2863 #ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
2872 Perl_get_op_names(pTHX)
2878 Perl_get_op_descs(pTHX)
2884 Perl_get_no_modify(pTHX)
2886 return (char*)PL_no_modify;
2890 Perl_get_opargs(pTHX)
2896 Perl_get_ppaddr(pTHX)
2898 return (PPADDR_t*)PL_ppaddr;
2901 #ifndef HAS_GETENV_LEN
2903 Perl_getenv_len(pTHX_ const char *env_elem, unsigned long *len)
2905 char *env_trans = PerlEnv_getenv(env_elem);
2907 *len = strlen(env_trans);
2914 Perl_get_vtbl(pTHX_ int vtbl_id)
2916 MGVTBL* result = Null(MGVTBL*);
2920 result = &PL_vtbl_sv;
2923 result = &PL_vtbl_env;
2925 case want_vtbl_envelem:
2926 result = &PL_vtbl_envelem;
2929 result = &PL_vtbl_sig;
2931 case want_vtbl_sigelem:
2932 result = &PL_vtbl_sigelem;
2934 case want_vtbl_pack:
2935 result = &PL_vtbl_pack;
2937 case want_vtbl_packelem:
2938 result = &PL_vtbl_packelem;
2940 case want_vtbl_dbline:
2941 result = &PL_vtbl_dbline;
2944 result = &PL_vtbl_isa;
2946 case want_vtbl_isaelem:
2947 result = &PL_vtbl_isaelem;
2949 case want_vtbl_arylen:
2950 result = &PL_vtbl_arylen;
2952 case want_vtbl_glob:
2953 result = &PL_vtbl_glob;
2955 case want_vtbl_mglob:
2956 result = &PL_vtbl_mglob;
2958 case want_vtbl_nkeys:
2959 result = &PL_vtbl_nkeys;
2961 case want_vtbl_taint:
2962 result = &PL_vtbl_taint;
2964 case want_vtbl_substr:
2965 result = &PL_vtbl_substr;
2968 result = &PL_vtbl_vec;
2971 result = &PL_vtbl_pos;
2974 result = &PL_vtbl_bm;
2977 result = &PL_vtbl_fm;
2979 case want_vtbl_uvar:
2980 result = &PL_vtbl_uvar;
2982 case want_vtbl_defelem:
2983 result = &PL_vtbl_defelem;
2985 case want_vtbl_regexp:
2986 result = &PL_vtbl_regexp;
2988 case want_vtbl_regdata:
2989 result = &PL_vtbl_regdata;
2991 case want_vtbl_regdatum:
2992 result = &PL_vtbl_regdatum;
2994 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
2995 case want_vtbl_collxfrm:
2996 result = &PL_vtbl_collxfrm;
2999 case want_vtbl_amagic:
3000 result = &PL_vtbl_amagic;
3002 case want_vtbl_amagicelem:
3003 result = &PL_vtbl_amagicelem;
3005 case want_vtbl_backref:
3006 result = &PL_vtbl_backref;
3008 case want_vtbl_utf8:
3009 result = &PL_vtbl_utf8;
3016 Perl_my_fflush_all(pTHX)
3018 #if defined(USE_PERLIO) || defined(FFLUSH_NULL) || defined(USE_SFIO)
3019 return PerlIO_flush(NULL);
3021 # if defined(HAS__FWALK)
3022 extern int fflush(FILE *);
3023 /* undocumented, unprototyped, but very useful BSDism */
3024 extern void _fwalk(int (*)(FILE *));
3028 # if defined(FFLUSH_ALL) && defined(HAS_STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY)
3030 # ifdef PERL_FFLUSH_ALL_FOPEN_MAX
3031 open_max = PERL_FFLUSH_ALL_FOPEN_MAX;
3033 # if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_OPEN_MAX)
3034 open_max = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
3037 open_max = FOPEN_MAX;
3040 open_max = OPEN_MAX;
3051 for (i = 0; i < open_max; i++)
3052 if (STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._file >= 0 &&
3053 STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._file < open_max &&
3054 STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]._flag)
3055 PerlIO_flush(&STDIO_STREAM_ARRAY[i]);
3059 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
3066 Perl_report_evil_fh(pTHX_ GV *gv, IO *io, I32 op)
3069 op == OP_READLINE ? "readline" : /* "<HANDLE>" not nice */
3070 op == OP_LEAVEWRITE ? "write" : /* "write exit" not nice */
3072 char *pars = OP_IS_FILETEST(op) ? "" : "()";
3073 char *type = OP_IS_SOCKET(op)
3074 || (gv && io && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
3075 ? "socket" : "filehandle";
3078 if (gv && isGV(gv)) {
3082 if (op == OP_phoney_OUTPUT_ONLY || op == OP_phoney_INPUT_ONLY) {
3083 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
3084 const char *direction = (op == OP_phoney_INPUT_ONLY) ? "in" : "out";
3086 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
3087 "Filehandle %s opened only for %sput",
3090 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
3091 "Filehandle opened only for %sput", direction);
3098 if (gv && io && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_CLOSED) {
3100 warn_type = WARN_CLOSED;
3104 warn_type = WARN_UNOPENED;
3107 if (ckWARN(warn_type)) {
3108 if (name && *name) {
3109 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3110 "%s%s on %s %s %s", func, pars, vile, type, name);
3111 if (io && IoDIRP(io) && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
3113 aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3114 "\t(Are you trying to call %s%s on dirhandle %s?)\n",
3119 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3120 "%s%s on %s %s", func, pars, vile, type);
3121 if (gv && io && IoDIRP(io) && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
3123 aTHX_ packWARN(warn_type),
3124 "\t(Are you trying to call %s%s on dirhandle?)\n",
3133 /* in ASCII order, not that it matters */
3134 static const char controllablechars[] = "?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_";
3137 Perl_ebcdic_control(pTHX_ int ch)
3145 if ((ctlp = strchr(controllablechars, ch)) == 0) {
3146 Perl_die(aTHX_ "unrecognised control character '%c'\n", ch);
3149 if (ctlp == controllablechars)
3150 return('\177'); /* DEL */
3152 return((unsigned char)(ctlp - controllablechars - 1));
3153 } else { /* Want uncontrol */
3154 if (ch == '\177' || ch == -1)
3156 else if (ch == '\157')
3158 else if (ch == '\174')
3160 else if (ch == '^') /* '\137' in 1047, '\260' in 819 */
3162 else if (ch == '\155')
3164 else if (0 < ch && ch < (sizeof(controllablechars) - 1))
3165 return(controllablechars[ch+1]);
3167 Perl_die(aTHX_ "invalid control request: '\\%03o'\n", ch & 0xFF);
3172 /* To workaround core dumps from the uninitialised tm_zone we get the
3173 * system to give us a reasonable struct to copy. This fix means that
3174 * strftime uses the tm_zone and tm_gmtoff values returned by
3175 * localtime(time()). That should give the desired result most of the
3176 * time. But probably not always!
3178 * This does not address tzname aspects of NETaa14816.
3183 # ifndef STRUCT_TM_HASZONE
3184 # define STRUCT_TM_HASZONE
3188 #ifdef STRUCT_TM_HASZONE /* Backward compat */
3189 # ifndef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3190 # define HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3195 Perl_init_tm(pTHX_ struct tm *ptm) /* see mktime, strftime and asctime */
3197 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3200 Copy(localtime(&now), ptm, 1, struct tm);
3205 * mini_mktime - normalise struct tm values without the localtime()
3206 * semantics (and overhead) of mktime().
3209 Perl_mini_mktime(pTHX_ struct tm *ptm)
3213 int month, mday, year, jday;
3214 int odd_cent, odd_year;
3216 #define DAYS_PER_YEAR 365
3217 #define DAYS_PER_QYEAR (4*DAYS_PER_YEAR+1)
3218 #define DAYS_PER_CENT (25*DAYS_PER_QYEAR-1)
3219 #define DAYS_PER_QCENT (4*DAYS_PER_CENT+1)
3220 #define SECS_PER_HOUR (60*60)
3221 #define SECS_PER_DAY (24*SECS_PER_HOUR)
3222 /* parentheses deliberately absent on these two, otherwise they don't work */
3223 #define MONTH_TO_DAYS 153/5
3224 #define DAYS_TO_MONTH 5/153
3225 /* offset to bias by March (month 4) 1st between month/mday & year finding */
3226 #define YEAR_ADJUST (4*MONTH_TO_DAYS+1)
3227 /* as used here, the algorithm leaves Sunday as day 1 unless we adjust it */
3228 #define WEEKDAY_BIAS 6 /* (1+6)%7 makes Sunday 0 again */
3231 * Year/day algorithm notes:
3233 * With a suitable offset for numeric value of the month, one can find
3234 * an offset into the year by considering months to have 30.6 (153/5) days,
3235 * using integer arithmetic (i.e., with truncation). To avoid too much
3236 * messing about with leap days, we consider January and February to be
3237 * the 13th and 14th month of the previous year. After that transformation,
3238 * we need the month index we use to be high by 1 from 'normal human' usage,
3239 * so the month index values we use run from 4 through 15.
3241 * Given that, and the rules for the Gregorian calendar (leap years are those
3242 * divisible by 4 unless also divisible by 100, when they must be divisible
3243 * by 400 instead), we can simply calculate the number of days since some
3244 * arbitrary 'beginning of time' by futzing with the (adjusted) year number,
3245 * the days we derive from our month index, and adding in the day of the
3246 * month. The value used here is not adjusted for the actual origin which
3247 * it normally would use (1 January A.D. 1), since we're not exposing it.
3248 * We're only building the value so we can turn around and get the
3249 * normalised values for the year, month, day-of-month, and day-of-year.
3251 * For going backward, we need to bias the value we're using so that we find
3252 * the right year value. (Basically, we don't want the contribution of
3253 * March 1st to the number to apply while deriving the year). Having done
3254 * that, we 'count up' the contribution to the year number by accounting for
3255 * full quadracenturies (400-year periods) with their extra leap days, plus
3256 * the contribution from full centuries (to avoid counting in the lost leap
3257 * days), plus the contribution from full quad-years (to count in the normal
3258 * leap days), plus the leftover contribution from any non-leap years.
3259 * At this point, if we were working with an actual leap day, we'll have 0
3260 * days left over. This is also true for March 1st, however. So, we have
3261 * to special-case that result, and (earlier) keep track of the 'odd'
3262 * century and year contributions. If we got 4 extra centuries in a qcent,
3263 * or 4 extra years in a qyear, then it's a leap day and we call it 29 Feb.
3264 * Otherwise, we add back in the earlier bias we removed (the 123 from
3265 * figuring in March 1st), find the month index (integer division by 30.6),
3266 * and the remainder is the day-of-month. We then have to convert back to
3267 * 'real' months (including fixing January and February from being 14/15 in
3268 * the previous year to being in the proper year). After that, to get
3269 * tm_yday, we work with the normalised year and get a new yearday value for
3270 * January 1st, which we subtract from the yearday value we had earlier,
3271 * representing the date we've re-built. This is done from January 1
3272 * because tm_yday is 0-origin.
3274 * Since POSIX time routines are only guaranteed to work for times since the
3275 * UNIX epoch (00:00:00 1 Jan 1970 UTC), the fact that this algorithm
3276 * applies Gregorian calendar rules even to dates before the 16th century
3277 * doesn't bother me. Besides, you'd need cultural context for a given
3278 * date to know whether it was Julian or Gregorian calendar, and that's
3279 * outside the scope for this routine. Since we convert back based on the
3280 * same rules we used to build the yearday, you'll only get strange results
3281 * for input which needed normalising, or for the 'odd' century years which
3282 * were leap years in the Julian calander but not in the Gregorian one.
3283 * I can live with that.
3285 * This algorithm also fails to handle years before A.D. 1 gracefully, but
3286 * that's still outside the scope for POSIX time manipulation, so I don't
3290 year = 1900 + ptm->tm_year;
3291 month = ptm->tm_mon;
3292 mday = ptm->tm_mday;
3293 /* allow given yday with no month & mday to dominate the result */
3294 if (ptm->tm_yday >= 0 && mday <= 0 && month <= 0) {
3297 jday = 1 + ptm->tm_yday;
3306 yearday = DAYS_PER_YEAR * year + year/4 - year/100 + year/400;
3307 yearday += month*MONTH_TO_DAYS + mday + jday;
3309 * Note that we don't know when leap-seconds were or will be,
3310 * so we have to trust the user if we get something which looks
3311 * like a sensible leap-second. Wild values for seconds will
3312 * be rationalised, however.
3314 if ((unsigned) ptm->tm_sec <= 60) {
3321 secs += 60 * ptm->tm_min;
3322 secs += SECS_PER_HOUR * ptm->tm_hour;
3324 if (secs-(secs/SECS_PER_DAY*SECS_PER_DAY) < 0) {
3325 /* got negative remainder, but need positive time */
3326 /* back off an extra day to compensate */
3327 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY)-1;
3328 secs -= SECS_PER_DAY * (secs/SECS_PER_DAY - 1);
3331 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3332 secs -= SECS_PER_DAY * (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3335 else if (secs >= SECS_PER_DAY) {
3336 yearday += (secs/SECS_PER_DAY);
3337 secs %= SECS_PER_DAY;
3339 ptm->tm_hour = secs/SECS_PER_HOUR;
3340 secs %= SECS_PER_HOUR;
3341 ptm->tm_min = secs/60;
3343 ptm->tm_sec += secs;
3344 /* done with time of day effects */
3346 * The algorithm for yearday has (so far) left it high by 428.
3347 * To avoid mistaking a legitimate Feb 29 as Mar 1, we need to
3348 * bias it by 123 while trying to figure out what year it
3349 * really represents. Even with this tweak, the reverse
3350 * translation fails for years before A.D. 0001.
3351 * It would still fail for Feb 29, but we catch that one below.
3353 jday = yearday; /* save for later fixup vis-a-vis Jan 1 */
3354 yearday -= YEAR_ADJUST;
3355 year = (yearday / DAYS_PER_QCENT) * 400;
3356 yearday %= DAYS_PER_QCENT;
3357 odd_cent = yearday / DAYS_PER_CENT;
3358 year += odd_cent * 100;
3359 yearday %= DAYS_PER_CENT;
3360 year += (yearday / DAYS_PER_QYEAR) * 4;
3361 yearday %= DAYS_PER_QYEAR;
3362 odd_year = yearday / DAYS_PER_YEAR;
3364 yearday %= DAYS_PER_YEAR;
3365 if (!yearday && (odd_cent==4 || odd_year==4)) { /* catch Feb 29 */
3370 yearday += YEAR_ADJUST; /* recover March 1st crock */
3371 month = yearday*DAYS_TO_MONTH;
3372 yearday -= month*MONTH_TO_DAYS;
3373 /* recover other leap-year adjustment */
3382 ptm->tm_year = year - 1900;
3384 ptm->tm_mday = yearday;
3385 ptm->tm_mon = month;
3389 ptm->tm_mon = month - 1;
3391 /* re-build yearday based on Jan 1 to get tm_yday */
3393 yearday = year*DAYS_PER_YEAR + year/4 - year/100 + year/400;
3394 yearday += 14*MONTH_TO_DAYS + 1;
3395 ptm->tm_yday = jday - yearday;
3396 /* fix tm_wday if not overridden by caller */
3397 if ((unsigned)ptm->tm_wday > 6)
3398 ptm->tm_wday = (jday + WEEKDAY_BIAS) % 7;
3402 Perl_my_strftime(pTHX_ char *fmt, int sec, int min, int hour, int mday, int mon, int year, int wday, int yday, int isdst)
3410 init_tm(&mytm); /* XXX workaround - see init_tm() above */
3413 mytm.tm_hour = hour;
3414 mytm.tm_mday = mday;
3416 mytm.tm_year = year;
3417 mytm.tm_wday = wday;
3418 mytm.tm_yday = yday;
3419 mytm.tm_isdst = isdst;
3421 /* use libc to get the values for tm_gmtoff and tm_zone [perl #18238] */
3422 #if defined(HAS_MKTIME) && (defined(HAS_TM_TM_GMTOFF) || defined(HAS_TM_TM_ZONE))
3427 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_GMTOFF
3428 mytm.tm_gmtoff = mytm2.tm_gmtoff;
3430 #ifdef HAS_TM_TM_ZONE
3431 mytm.tm_zone = mytm2.tm_zone;
3436 New(0, buf, buflen, char);
3437 len = strftime(buf, buflen, fmt, &mytm);
3439 ** The following is needed to handle to the situation where
3440 ** tmpbuf overflows. Basically we want to allocate a buffer
3441 ** and try repeatedly. The reason why it is so complicated
3442 ** is that getting a return value of 0 from strftime can indicate
3443 ** one of the following:
3444 ** 1. buffer overflowed,
3445 ** 2. illegal conversion specifier, or
3446 ** 3. the format string specifies nothing to be returned(not
3447 ** an error). This could be because format is an empty string
3448 ** or it specifies %p that yields an empty string in some locale.
3449 ** If there is a better way to make it portable, go ahead by
3452 if ((len > 0 && len < buflen) || (len == 0 && *fmt == '\0'))
3455 /* Possibly buf overflowed - try again with a bigger buf */
3456 int fmtlen = strlen(fmt);
3457 int bufsize = fmtlen + buflen;
3459 New(0, buf, bufsize, char);
3461 buflen = strftime(buf, bufsize, fmt, &mytm);
3462 if (buflen > 0 && buflen < bufsize)
3464 /* heuristic to prevent out-of-memory errors */
3465 if (bufsize > 100*fmtlen) {
3471 Renew(buf, bufsize, char);
3476 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: no strftime");
3481 #define SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF \
3482 sv_setsv(sv, &PL_sv_undef); \
3485 #define SV_CWD_ISDOT(dp) \
3486 (dp->d_name[0] == '.' && (dp->d_name[1] == '\0' || \
3487 (dp->d_name[1] == '.' && dp->d_name[2] == '\0')))
3490 =head1 Miscellaneous Functions
3492 =for apidoc getcwd_sv
3494 Fill the sv with current working directory
3499 /* Originally written in Perl by John Bazik; rewritten in C by Ben Sugars.
3500 * rewritten again by dougm, optimized for use with xs TARG, and to prefer
3501 * getcwd(3) if available
3502 * Comments from the orignal:
3503 * This is a faster version of getcwd. It's also more dangerous
3504 * because you might chdir out of a directory that you can't chdir
3508 Perl_getcwd_sv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3512 #ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
3518 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
3520 /* Some getcwd()s automatically allocate a buffer of the given
3521 * size from the heap if they are given a NULL buffer pointer.
3522 * The problem is that this behaviour is not portable. */
3523 if (getcwd(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1)) {
3524 STRLEN len = strlen(buf);
3525 sv_setpvn(sv, buf, len);
3529 sv_setsv(sv, &PL_sv_undef);
3537 int orig_cdev, orig_cino, cdev, cino, odev, oino, tdev, tino;
3538 int namelen, pathlen=0;
3542 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
3544 if (PerlLIO_lstat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
3545 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3548 orig_cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
3549 orig_cino = statbuf.st_ino;
3557 if (PerlDir_chdir("..") < 0) {
3558 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3560 if (PerlLIO_stat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
3561 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3564 cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
3565 cino = statbuf.st_ino;
3567 if (odev == cdev && oino == cino) {
3570 if (!(dir = PerlDir_open("."))) {
3571 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3574 while ((dp = PerlDir_read(dir)) != NULL) {
3576 namelen = dp->d_namlen;
3578 namelen = strlen(dp->d_name);
3581 if (SV_CWD_ISDOT(dp)) {
3585 if (PerlLIO_lstat(dp->d_name, &statbuf) < 0) {
3586 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3589 tdev = statbuf.st_dev;
3590 tino = statbuf.st_ino;
3591 if (tino == oino && tdev == odev) {
3597 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3600 if (pathlen + namelen + 1 >= MAXPATHLEN) {
3601 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3604 SvGROW(sv, pathlen + namelen + 1);
3608 Move(SvPVX(sv), SvPVX(sv) + namelen + 1, pathlen, char);
3611 /* prepend current directory to the front */
3613 Move(dp->d_name, SvPVX(sv)+1, namelen, char);
3614 pathlen += (namelen + 1);
3616 #ifdef VOID_CLOSEDIR
3619 if (PerlDir_close(dir) < 0) {
3620 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3626 SvCUR_set(sv, pathlen);
3630 if (PerlDir_chdir(SvPVX(sv)) < 0) {
3631 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3634 if (PerlLIO_stat(".", &statbuf) < 0) {
3635 SV_CWD_RETURN_UNDEF;
3638 cdev = statbuf.st_dev;
3639 cino = statbuf.st_ino;
3641 if (cdev != orig_cdev || cino != orig_cino) {
3642 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unstable directory path, "
3643 "current directory changed unexpectedly");
3655 =for apidoc scan_version
3657 Returns a pointer to the next character after the parsed
3658 version string, as well as upgrading the passed in SV to
3661 Function must be called with an already existing SV like
3664 s = scan_version(s,sv);
3666 Performs some preprocessing to the string to ensure that
3667 it has the correct characteristics of a version. Flags the
3668 object if it contains an underscore (which denotes this
3675 Perl_scan_version(pTHX_ char *s, SV *rv)
3677 const char *start = s;
3681 SV* sv = newSVrv(rv, "version"); /* create an SV and upgrade the RV */
3682 (void)sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVAV); /* needs to be an AV type */
3684 /* pre-scan the imput string to check for decimals */
3685 while ( *pos == '.' || *pos == '_' || isDIGIT(*pos) )
3690 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version format (underscores before decimal)");
3693 else if ( *pos == '_' )
3696 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid version format (multiple underscores)");
3703 if (*pos == 'v') pos++; /* get past 'v' */
3704 while (isDIGIT(*pos))
3706 if (!isALPHA(*pos)) {
3709 if (*s == 'v') s++; /* get past 'v' */
3714 /* this is atoi() that delimits on underscores */
3718 if ( s < pos && s > start && *(s-1) == '_' ) {
3719 mult *= -1; /* beta version */
3721 /* the following if() will only be true after the decimal
3722 * point of a version originally created with a bare
3723 * floating point number, i.e. not quoted in any way
3725 if ( s > start+1 && saw_period == 1 && !saw_under ) {
3729 rev += (*s - '0') * mult;
3731 if ( PERL_ABS(orev) > PERL_ABS(rev) )
3732 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Integer overflow in version");
3737 while (--end >= s) {
3739 rev += (*end - '0') * mult;
3741 if ( PERL_ABS(orev) > PERL_ABS(rev) )
3742 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Integer overflow in version");
3747 /* Append revision */
3748 av_push((AV *)sv, newSViv(rev));
3749 if ( (*pos == '.' || *pos == '_') && isDIGIT(pos[1]))
3751 else if ( isDIGIT(*pos) )
3757 while ( isDIGIT(*pos) ) {
3758 if ( !saw_under && saw_period == 1 && pos-s == 3 )
3768 =for apidoc new_version
3770 Returns a new version object based on the passed in SV:
3772 SV *sv = new_version(SV *ver);
3774 Does not alter the passed in ver SV. See "upg_version" if you
3775 want to upgrade the SV.
3781 Perl_new_version(pTHX_ SV *ver)
3785 if ( SvNOK(ver) ) /* may get too much accuracy */
3788 sprintf(tbuf,"%.9"NVgf, SvNVX(ver));
3789 version = savepv(tbuf);
3792 else if ( SvVOK(ver) ) { /* already a v-string */
3793 MAGIC* mg = mg_find(ver,PERL_MAGIC_vstring);
3794 version = savepvn( (const char*)mg->mg_ptr,mg->mg_len );
3797 else /* must be a string or something like a string */
3799 version = (char *)SvPV(ver,PL_na);
3801 version = scan_version(version,rv);
3806 =for apidoc upg_version
3808 In-place upgrade of the supplied SV to a version object.
3810 SV *sv = upg_version(SV *sv);
3812 Returns a pointer to the upgraded SV.
3818 Perl_upg_version(pTHX_ SV *ver)
3820 char *version = savepvn(SvPVX(ver),SvCUR(ver));
3822 if ( SvVOK(ver) ) { /* already a v-string */
3823 MAGIC* mg = mg_find(ver,PERL_MAGIC_vstring);
3824 version = savepvn( (const char*)mg->mg_ptr,mg->mg_len );
3827 version = scan_version(version,ver);
3835 Accepts a version object and returns the normalized floating
3836 point representation. Call like:
3840 NOTE: you can pass either the object directly or the SV
3841 contained within the RV.
3847 Perl_vnumify(pTHX_ SV *vs)
3850 SV *sv = NEWSV(92,0);
3853 len = av_len((AV *)vs);
3856 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ sv,"0");
3859 digit = SvIVX(*av_fetch((AV *)vs, 0, 0));
3860 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv,"%d.", PERL_ABS(digit));
3861 for ( i = 1 ; i <= len ; i++ )
3863 digit = SvIVX(*av_fetch((AV *)vs, i, 0));
3864 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv,"%03d", PERL_ABS(digit));
3867 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ sv,"000");
3868 sv_setnv(sv, SvNV(sv));
3873 =for apidoc vstringify
3875 Accepts a version object and returns the normalized string
3876 representation. Call like:
3878 sv = vstringify(rv);
3880 NOTE: you can pass either the object directly or the SV
3881 contained within the RV.
3887 Perl_vstringify(pTHX_ SV *vs)
3890 SV *sv = NEWSV(92,0);
3893 len = av_len((AV *)vs);
3896 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ sv,"");
3899 digit = SvIVX(*av_fetch((AV *)vs, 0, 0));
3900 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv,"%"IVdf,(IV)digit);
3901 for ( i = 1 ; i <= len ; i++ )
3903 digit = SvIVX(*av_fetch((AV *)vs, i, 0));
3905 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv,"_%"IVdf,(IV)-digit);
3907 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv,".%"IVdf,(IV)digit);
3910 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ sv,".0");
3917 Version object aware cmp. Both operands must already have been
3918 converted into version objects.
3924 Perl_vcmp(pTHX_ SV *lsv, SV *rsv)
3931 l = av_len((AV *)lsv);
3932 r = av_len((AV *)rsv);
3936 while ( i <= m && retval == 0 )
3938 I32 left = SvIV(*av_fetch((AV *)lsv,i,0));
3939 I32 right = SvIV(*av_fetch((AV *)rsv,i,0));
3940 bool lbeta = left < 0 ? 1 : 0;
3941 bool rbeta = right < 0 ? 1 : 0;
3942 left = PERL_ABS(left);
3943 right = PERL_ABS(right);
3944 if ( left < right || (left == right && lbeta && !rbeta) )
3946 if ( left > right || (left == right && rbeta && !lbeta) )
3951 if ( l != r && retval == 0 ) /* possible match except for trailing 0 */
3953 if ( !( l < r && r-l == 1 && SvIV(*av_fetch((AV *)rsv,r,0)) == 0 ) &&
3954 !( l-r == 1 && SvIV(*av_fetch((AV *)lsv,l,0)) == 0 ) )
3956 retval = l < r ? -1 : +1; /* not a match after all */
3962 #if !defined(HAS_SOCKETPAIR) && defined(HAS_SOCKET) && defined(AF_INET) && defined(PF_INET) && defined(SOCK_DGRAM) && defined(HAS_SELECT)
3963 # define EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
3966 #ifdef EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
3968 S_socketpair_udp (int fd[2]) {
3970 /* Fake a datagram socketpair using UDP to localhost. */
3971 int sockets[2] = {-1, -1};
3972 struct sockaddr_in addresses[2];
3974 Sock_size_t size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
3975 unsigned short port;
3978 memset(&addresses, 0, sizeof(addresses));
3981 sockets[i] = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, PF_INET);
3982 if (sockets[i] == -1)
3983 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
3985 addresses[i].sin_family = AF_INET;
3986 addresses[i].sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
3987 addresses[i].sin_port = 0; /* kernel choses port. */
3988 if (PerlSock_bind(sockets[i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
3989 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) == -1)
3990 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
3993 /* Now have 2 UDP sockets. Find out which port each is connected to, and
3994 for each connect the other socket to it. */
3997 if (PerlSock_getsockname(sockets[i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
3999 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4000 if (size != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
4001 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4002 /* !1 is 0, !0 is 1 */
4003 if (PerlSock_connect(sockets[!i], (struct sockaddr *) &addresses[i],
4004 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) == -1)
4005 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4008 /* Now we have 2 sockets connected to each other. I don't trust some other
4009 process not to have already sent a packet to us (by random) so send
4010 a packet from each to the other. */
4013 /* I'm going to send my own port number. As a short.
4014 (Who knows if someone somewhere has sin_port as a bitfield and needs
4015 this routine. (I'm assuming crays have socketpair)) */
4016 port = addresses[i].sin_port;
4017 got = PerlLIO_write(sockets[i], &port, sizeof(port));
4018 if (got != sizeof(port)) {
4020 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4021 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4025 /* Packets sent. I don't trust them to have arrived though.
4026 (As I understand it Solaris TCP stack is multithreaded. Non-blocking
4027 connect to localhost will use a second kernel thread. In 2.6 the
4028 first thread running the connect() returns before the second completes,
4029 so EINPROGRESS> In 2.7 the improved stack is faster and connect()
4030 returns 0. Poor programs have tripped up. One poor program's authors'
4031 had a 50-1 reverse stock split. Not sure how connected these were.)
4032 So I don't trust someone not to have an unpredictable UDP stack.
4036 struct timeval waitfor = {0, 100000}; /* You have 0.1 seconds */
4037 int max = sockets[1] > sockets[0] ? sockets[1] : sockets[0];
4041 FD_SET(sockets[0], &rset);
4042 FD_SET(sockets[1], &rset);
4044 got = PerlSock_select(max + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
4045 if (got != 2 || !FD_ISSET(sockets[0], &rset)
4046 || !FD_ISSET(sockets[1], &rset)) {
4047 /* I hope this is portable and appropriate. */
4049 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4050 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4054 /* And the paranoia department even now doesn't trust it to have arrive
4055 (hence MSG_DONTWAIT). Or that what arrives was sent by us. */
4057 struct sockaddr_in readfrom;
4058 unsigned short buffer[2];
4063 got = PerlSock_recvfrom(sockets[i], (char *) &buffer,
4064 sizeof(buffer), MSG_DONTWAIT,
4065 (struct sockaddr *) &readfrom, &size);
4067 got = PerlSock_recvfrom(sockets[i], (char *) &buffer,
4069 (struct sockaddr *) &readfrom, &size);
4073 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4074 if (got != sizeof(port)
4075 || size != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)
4076 /* Check other socket sent us its port. */
4077 || buffer[0] != (unsigned short) addresses[!i].sin_port
4078 /* Check kernel says we got the datagram from that socket */
4079 || readfrom.sin_family != addresses[!i].sin_family
4080 || readfrom.sin_addr.s_addr != addresses[!i].sin_addr.s_addr
4081 || readfrom.sin_port != addresses[!i].sin_port)
4082 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4085 /* My caller (my_socketpair) has validated that this is non-NULL */
4088 /* I hereby declare this connection open. May God bless all who cross
4092 abort_tidy_up_and_fail:
4093 errno = ECONNABORTED;
4096 int save_errno = errno;
4097 if (sockets[0] != -1)
4098 PerlLIO_close(sockets[0]);
4099 if (sockets[1] != -1)
4100 PerlLIO_close(sockets[1]);
4105 #endif /* EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP */
4107 #if !defined(HAS_SOCKETPAIR) && defined(HAS_SOCKET) && defined(AF_INET) && defined(PF_INET)
4109 Perl_my_socketpair (int family, int type, int protocol, int fd[2]) {
4110 /* Stevens says that family must be AF_LOCAL, protocol 0.
4111 I'm going to enforce that, then ignore it, and use TCP (or UDP). */
4116 struct sockaddr_in listen_addr;
4117 struct sockaddr_in connect_addr;
4122 || family != AF_UNIX
4125 errno = EAFNOSUPPORT;
4133 #ifdef EMULATE_SOCKETPAIR_UDP
4134 if (type == SOCK_DGRAM)
4135 return S_socketpair_udp(fd);
4138 listener = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
4141 memset(&listen_addr, 0, sizeof(listen_addr));
4142 listen_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
4143 listen_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_LOOPBACK);
4144 listen_addr.sin_port = 0; /* kernel choses port. */
4145 if (PerlSock_bind(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &listen_addr,
4146 sizeof(listen_addr)) == -1)
4147 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4148 if (PerlSock_listen(listener, 1) == -1)
4149 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4151 connector = PerlSock_socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
4152 if (connector == -1)
4153 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4154 /* We want to find out the port number to connect to. */
4155 size = sizeof(connect_addr);
4156 if (PerlSock_getsockname(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
4158 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4159 if (size != sizeof(connect_addr))
4160 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4161 if (PerlSock_connect(connector, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
4162 sizeof(connect_addr)) == -1)
4163 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4165 size = sizeof(listen_addr);
4166 acceptor = PerlSock_accept(listener, (struct sockaddr *) &listen_addr,
4169 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4170 if (size != sizeof(listen_addr))
4171 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4172 PerlLIO_close(listener);
4173 /* Now check we are talking to ourself by matching port and host on the
4175 if (PerlSock_getsockname(connector, (struct sockaddr *) &connect_addr,
4177 goto tidy_up_and_fail;
4178 if (size != sizeof(connect_addr)
4179 || listen_addr.sin_family != connect_addr.sin_family
4180 || listen_addr.sin_addr.s_addr != connect_addr.sin_addr.s_addr
4181 || listen_addr.sin_port != connect_addr.sin_port) {
4182 goto abort_tidy_up_and_fail;
4188 abort_tidy_up_and_fail:
4189 errno = ECONNABORTED; /* I hope this is portable and appropriate. */
4192 int save_errno = errno;
4194 PerlLIO_close(listener);
4195 if (connector != -1)
4196 PerlLIO_close(connector);
4198 PerlLIO_close(acceptor);
4204 /* In any case have a stub so that there's code corresponding
4205 * to the my_socketpair in global.sym. */
4207 Perl_my_socketpair (int family, int type, int protocol, int fd[2]) {
4208 #ifdef HAS_SOCKETPAIR
4209 return socketpair(family, type, protocol, fd);
4218 =for apidoc sv_nosharing
4220 Dummy routine which "shares" an SV when there is no sharing module present.
4221 Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it could potentially warn under
4222 some level of strict-ness.
4228 Perl_sv_nosharing(pTHX_ SV *sv)
4233 =for apidoc sv_nolocking
4235 Dummy routine which "locks" an SV when there is no locking module present.
4236 Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it could potentially warn under
4237 some level of strict-ness.
4243 Perl_sv_nolocking(pTHX_ SV *sv)
4249 =for apidoc sv_nounlocking
4251 Dummy routine which "unlocks" an SV when there is no locking module present.
4252 Exists to avoid test for a NULL function pointer and because it could potentially warn under
4253 some level of strict-ness.
4259 Perl_sv_nounlocking(pTHX_ SV *sv)
4264 Perl_parse_unicode_opts(pTHX_ char **popt)
4271 opt = (U32) atoi(p);
4272 while (isDIGIT(*p)) p++;
4273 if (*p && *p != '\n' && *p != '\r')
4274 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown Unicode option letter '%c'", *p);
4279 case PERL_UNICODE_STDIN:
4280 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG; break;
4281 case PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT:
4282 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG; break;
4283 case PERL_UNICODE_STDERR:
4284 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG; break;
4285 case PERL_UNICODE_STD:
4286 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; break;
4287 case PERL_UNICODE_IN:
4288 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG; break;
4289 case PERL_UNICODE_OUT:
4290 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG; break;
4291 case PERL_UNICODE_INOUT:
4292 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG; break;
4293 case PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE:
4294 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG; break;
4295 case PERL_UNICODE_ARGV:
4296 opt |= PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG; break;
4298 if (*p != '\n' && *p != '\r')
4300 "Unknown Unicode option letter '%c'", *p);
4306 opt = PERL_UNICODE_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
4308 if (opt & ~PERL_UNICODE_ALL_FLAGS)
4309 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown Unicode option value %"UVuf,
4310 (UV) (opt & ~PERL_UNICODE_ALL_FLAGS));
4321 * This is really just a quick hack which grabs various garbage
4322 * values. It really should be a real hash algorithm which
4323 * spreads the effect of every input bit onto every output bit,
4324 * if someone who knows about such things would bother to write it.
4325 * Might be a good idea to add that function to CORE as well.
4326 * No numbers below come from careful analysis or anything here,
4327 * except they are primes and SEED_C1 > 1E6 to get a full-width
4328 * value from (tv_sec * SEED_C1 + tv_usec). The multipliers should
4329 * probably be bigger too.
4332 # define SEED_C1 1000003
4333 #define SEED_C4 73819
4335 # define SEED_C1 25747
4336 #define SEED_C4 20639
4340 #define SEED_C5 26107
4342 #ifndef PERL_NO_DEV_RANDOM
4347 # include <starlet.h>
4348 /* when[] = (low 32 bits, high 32 bits) of time since epoch
4349 * in 100-ns units, typically incremented ever 10 ms. */
4350 unsigned int when[2];
4352 # ifdef HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY
4353 struct timeval when;
4359 /* This test is an escape hatch, this symbol isn't set by Configure. */
4360 #ifndef PERL_NO_DEV_RANDOM
4361 #ifndef PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE
4362 /* /dev/random isn't used by default because reads from it will block
4363 * if there isn't enough entropy available. You can compile with
4364 * PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE to it if you'd prefer Perl to block until there
4365 * is enough real entropy to fill the seed. */
4366 # define PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE "/dev/urandom"
4368 fd = PerlLIO_open(PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE, 0);
4370 if (PerlLIO_read(fd, &u, sizeof u) != sizeof u)
4379 _ckvmssts(sys$gettim(when));
4380 u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when[0] + (U32)SEED_C2 * when[1];
4382 # ifdef HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY
4383 PerlProc_gettimeofday(&when,NULL);
4384 u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when.tv_sec + (U32)SEED_C2 * when.tv_usec;
4387 u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when;
4390 u += SEED_C3 * (U32)PerlProc_getpid();
4391 u += SEED_C4 * (U32)PTR2UV(PL_stack_sp);
4392 #ifndef PLAN9 /* XXX Plan9 assembler chokes on this; fix needed */
4393 u += SEED_C5 * (U32)PTR2UV(&when);
4399 Perl_get_hash_seed(pTHX)
4401 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED");
4405 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
4406 if (s && isDIGIT(*s))
4407 myseed = (UV)Atoul(s);
4409 #ifdef USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT
4413 /* Compute a random seed */
4414 (void)seedDrand01((Rand_seed_t)seed());
4415 PL_srand_called = TRUE;
4416 myseed = (UV)(Drand01() * (NV)UV_MAX);
4417 #if RANDBITS < (UVSIZE * 8)
4418 /* Since there are not enough randbits to to reach all
4419 * the bits of a UV, the low bits might need extra
4420 * help. Sum in another random number that will
4421 * fill in the low bits. */
4423 (UV)(Drand01() * (NV)((1 << ((UVSIZE * 8 - RANDBITS))) - 1));
4424 #endif /* RANDBITS < (UVSIZE * 8) */
4426 PL_hash_seed_set = TRUE;