4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
17 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
28 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
29 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
32 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
34 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
36 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
37 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
38 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
39 has stats => (is => 'rw');
40 has action => (is => 'rw');
41 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
42 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
43 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
44 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
46 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
47 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
50 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
53 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
56 # For backwards compatibility
57 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
62 our $RECURSION = 1000;
63 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
64 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
66 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
67 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
68 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
69 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
70 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
73 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
74 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
75 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
76 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
77 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
79 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
81 our $VERSION = '5.80014_01';
84 my $dev_version = $VERSION =~ /_\d{2}$/;
85 *_IS_DEVELOPMENT_VERSION = sub () { $dev_version };
88 $VERSION = eval $VERSION;
91 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
93 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
95 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
97 my $caller = caller();
98 return if $caller eq 'main';
100 # Kill Adopt::NEXT warnings if we're a non-RC version
101 unless (_IS_DEVELOPMENT_VERSION()) {
102 Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT->unimport(qr/^Catalyst::/);
105 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
106 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
107 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
108 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
110 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
111 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
113 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
114 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
117 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
121 sub _application { $_[0] }
125 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
129 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
130 documentation and tutorials.
132 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
133 # use the helper to create a new application
136 # add models, views, controllers
137 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
138 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
139 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
141 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
142 # --help to see all available options
143 script/myapp_server.pl
145 # command line testing interface
146 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
149 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
151 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
152 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
153 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
154 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
155 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
157 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
158 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
159 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
160 # do something else after forward returns
164 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
165 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
169 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
170 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
172 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
174 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
175 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
176 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
177 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
179 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
182 # called after all actions are finished
184 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
185 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
186 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
187 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
190 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
191 # called for /foo/bar
192 sub bar : Local { ... }
194 # called for /blargle
195 sub blargle : Global { ... }
197 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
198 sub index : Private { ... }
200 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
201 # called for /foo/bar/baz
202 sub baz : Local { ... }
204 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
205 sub auto : Private { ... }
207 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
208 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
209 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
210 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
211 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
214 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
218 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
219 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
220 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
221 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
223 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
225 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
226 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
227 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
230 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
232 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
233 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
237 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
240 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
241 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
243 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
245 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
246 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
248 The following flags are supported:
252 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
253 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
254 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
259 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
260 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
262 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
266 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
268 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
270 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
271 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
272 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
273 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
274 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
278 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
280 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
284 Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting
285 from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or <MYAPP>_STATS. The
286 environment settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_STATS having the
291 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/
295 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
299 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
300 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
304 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
305 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
307 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
308 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
314 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
315 information about the current client request (including parameters,
316 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
318 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
320 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
322 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
324 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
325 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
326 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
327 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
328 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
330 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
333 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
334 $c->forward('index');
335 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
336 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
338 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
339 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
340 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
341 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
342 need to do something like:
345 die $c->error if $c->error;
347 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
350 $c->forward('foo') || return;
352 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
353 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
354 Thus, something like:
358 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
359 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
360 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
363 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
365 and access it from the stash.
369 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
371 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
373 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
377 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
378 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
380 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
384 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
386 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
388 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
390 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
391 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
392 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
393 you go to are called, just like a new request.
395 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
396 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
397 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
398 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
399 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
400 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
401 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
402 invoked from the callee.
404 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
406 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
407 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
408 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
409 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
410 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
414 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
416 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
418 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
420 The relationship between C<go> and
421 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
422 the relationship between
423 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
424 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
425 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
426 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
427 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
428 does not return to its caller.
432 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
438 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
442 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
443 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
444 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
445 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
446 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
447 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
450 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
451 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
452 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
454 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
455 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
459 around stash => sub {
462 my $stash = $orig->($c);
464 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
465 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
466 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
467 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
477 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
479 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
481 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
482 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
483 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
485 my @error = @{ $c->error };
489 $c->error('Something bad happened');
496 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
497 croak @$error unless ref $c;
498 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
500 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
501 return $c->{error} || [];
507 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
508 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
509 values it returns are scalar.
511 =head2 $c->clear_errors
513 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
514 implementing a custom error screen.
516 This is equivalent to running
527 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
529 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
532 # search components given a name and some prefixes
533 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
534 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
535 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
536 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
537 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
539 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
540 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
541 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
543 # undef for a name will return all
544 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
546 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
547 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
549 return @result if @result;
551 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
554 # skip regexp fallback if configured
556 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
560 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
562 # no results? try against full names
564 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
567 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
569 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
570 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
571 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
572 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
573 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
574 my $short = $result[0];
575 # remove the component namespace prefix
576 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
577 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
578 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
579 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
581 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
582 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
583 "component's config";
585 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
586 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
587 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
589 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
595 # Find possible names for a prefix
597 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
598 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
600 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
602 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
603 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
608 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
609 sub _filter_component {
610 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
612 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
613 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
619 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
621 =head2 $c->controller($name)
623 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
625 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
627 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
630 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
632 # find all controllers that start with Foo
633 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
639 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
642 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
643 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
644 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
647 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
650 =head2 $c->model($name)
652 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
654 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
656 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
658 If the name is omitted, it will look for
659 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
660 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
661 - a config setting 'default_model', or
662 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
664 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
666 # find all models that start with Foo
667 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
672 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
673 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
675 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
676 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
677 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
681 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
682 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
683 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
684 if $c->stash->{current_model};
686 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
687 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
689 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
692 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
693 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
694 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
695 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
696 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
699 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
703 =head2 $c->view($name)
705 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
707 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
709 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
711 If the name is omitted, it will look for
712 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
713 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
714 - a config setting 'default_view', or
715 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
717 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
719 # find all views that start with Foo
720 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
725 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
727 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
729 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
730 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
731 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
735 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
736 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
737 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
738 if $c->stash->{current_view};
740 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
741 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
743 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
746 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
747 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
748 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
749 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
750 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
753 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
756 =head2 $c->controllers
758 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
764 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
769 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
775 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
781 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
787 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
790 =head2 $c->comp($name)
792 =head2 $c->component($name)
794 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
795 unless you want to get a specific component by full
796 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
797 should be used instead.
799 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
800 component name will be returned.
802 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
803 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
804 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
806 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
811 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
814 my $comps = $c->components;
817 # is it the exact name?
818 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
819 if exists $comps->{ $name };
821 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
822 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
823 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
824 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
826 # search all of the models, views and controllers
827 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
828 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
831 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
832 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
834 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
835 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
838 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
839 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
840 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
841 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
844 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
848 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
851 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
855 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
857 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
859 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
860 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
861 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
863 =head3 Cascading configuration
865 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
866 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
867 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
868 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
869 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
870 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
872 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
873 component is constructed.
877 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
878 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', 'overrides => 'this' });
880 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
883 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
891 around config => sub {
895 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
896 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
903 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
904 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
905 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
906 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
908 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
913 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
915 Your log class should implement the methods described in
921 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
923 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
927 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
929 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
931 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
933 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
937 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
943 =head2 $c->dispatcher
945 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
949 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
952 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
954 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
956 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
957 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
958 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
959 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
963 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
968 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
969 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
970 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
971 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
974 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
976 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
977 loads and instantiates the given class.
979 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
981 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
983 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
984 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
985 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
990 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
992 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
993 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
995 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
997 eval { $plugin->import };
998 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1000 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1003 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1004 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1007 $class->$name($obj);
1008 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1014 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1015 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1016 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1020 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1025 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1026 croak('Running setup more than once')
1027 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1029 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1031 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1032 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1035 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1036 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1042 foreach (@arguments) {
1046 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1048 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1049 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1052 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1056 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1058 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1059 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1060 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1061 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
1062 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1064 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1066 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1067 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1070 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1074 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1075 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1076 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1077 You are running an old script!
1079 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1080 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1082 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1083 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1088 if ( $class->debug ) {
1089 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1092 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1093 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1094 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1095 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1098 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1099 my $engine = $class->engine;
1100 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1102 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1103 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1107 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1108 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1109 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1112 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1113 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1115 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1116 local *setup = sub { };
1117 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1120 # Initialize our data structure
1121 $class->components( {} );
1123 $class->setup_components;
1125 if ( $class->debug ) {
1126 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1127 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1128 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1129 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1130 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1132 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1133 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1136 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1137 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1138 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1141 $class->setup_actions;
1143 if ( $class->debug ) {
1144 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1145 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1148 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1149 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1151 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1154 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1156 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1157 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1160 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1161 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1162 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1163 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1164 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1166 $meta->make_immutable(
1167 replace_constructor => 1,
1168 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1171 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1172 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1173 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1176 $class->setup_finalize;
1177 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1178 # setup_finalize can log..
1179 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1180 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1184 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1186 A hook to attach modifiers to.
1187 Using C<< after setup => sub{}; >> doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1188 Also better than C< setup_finished(); >, as that is a getter method.
1190 sub setup_finalize {
1194 ## do stuff, i.e., determine a primary key column for sessions stored in a DB
1196 $app->next::method(@_);
1203 sub setup_finalize {
1205 $class->setup_finished(1);
1208 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1210 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1212 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1213 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1214 When used as a string, provides a textual URI.
1216 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1217 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1218 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1220 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1221 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1222 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1223 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1224 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1226 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1227 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1228 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1229 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1230 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1231 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1234 The captures for the current request can be found in
1235 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1236 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1237 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1239 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1240 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1241 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1243 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1244 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1246 # Path to a static resource
1247 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1252 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1254 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1255 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1260 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1261 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|; $_; }
1262 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1266 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1267 if (not defined $path) {
1268 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1272 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1275 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1278 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1280 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1281 s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args;
1284 unshift(@args, $path);
1286 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1287 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1288 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1289 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1291 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1294 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1295 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1296 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1298 my $base = $c->req->base;
1299 my $class = ref($base);
1300 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1304 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1305 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1306 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1307 my $val = $params->{$_};
1308 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1311 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1314 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1315 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1316 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1318 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1322 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1326 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1328 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1334 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1336 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1337 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1340 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1347 sub uri_for_action {
1348 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1349 my $action = blessed($path)
1351 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1352 unless (defined $action) {
1353 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1355 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1358 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1360 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1364 sub welcome_message {
1366 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1367 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1368 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1369 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1371 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1372 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1373 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1375 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1376 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1377 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1378 <style type="text/css">
1381 background-color: #eee;
1388 margin-bottom: 10px;
1390 background-color: #ccc;
1391 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1396 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1399 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1402 text-decoration: none;
1404 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1406 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1419 background-color: #fff;
1420 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1424 font-weight: normal;
1446 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1451 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1453 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1454 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1455 framework will make web development something you had
1456 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1457 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1458 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1459 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1460 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1461 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1462 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1464 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1466 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1467 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1469 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1470 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1471 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1472 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1473 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1474 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1475 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1476 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1477 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1478 you are likely to find what you need there.
1482 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1483 get in touch with us.</p>
1486 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1489 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1492 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1495 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1496 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1497 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1498 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1506 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1508 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1510 =head2 $c->components
1512 Returns a hash of components.
1514 =head2 $c->context_class
1516 Returns or sets the context class.
1520 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1521 deep recursion detection).
1525 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1529 Dispatches a request to actions.
1533 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1535 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1537 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1539 =head2 $c->dump_these
1541 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1542 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1548 [ Request => $c->req ],
1549 [ Response => $c->res ],
1550 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1551 [ Config => $c->config ];
1554 =head2 $c->engine_class
1556 Returns or sets the engine class.
1558 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1560 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1566 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1567 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1570 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1571 my $action = $code->reverse();
1572 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1573 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1574 $c->log->error($error);
1580 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1582 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1584 no warnings 'recursion';
1585 eval { $c->state( $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1587 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1589 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1591 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1592 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1593 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1595 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1596 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1599 unless ( ref $error ) {
1600 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1602 my $class = $last->class;
1603 my $name = $last->name;
1604 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1613 sub _stats_start_execute {
1614 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1615 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1616 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1617 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1619 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1620 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1622 my $action = $action_name;
1623 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1625 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1626 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1627 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1629 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1631 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1632 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1634 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1635 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1636 $action = "-> $action";
1641 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1643 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1644 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1645 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1647 # forward, locate the caller
1648 if ( exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1651 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1657 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1676 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1677 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1678 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1683 Finalizes the request.
1690 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1691 $c->log->error($error);
1694 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1695 my $engine = $c->engine;
1696 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1701 $c->finalize_uploads;
1704 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1708 $c->finalize_headers;
1711 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1712 $c->response->body('');
1718 if ($c->use_stats) {
1719 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1720 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1722 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1725 return $c->response->status;
1728 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1734 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1736 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1742 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1744 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1750 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1752 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1758 sub finalize_headers {
1761 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1763 # Check if we already finalized headers
1764 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1767 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1768 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1769 $response->header( Location => $location );
1771 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1772 # Add a default body if none is already present
1774 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1780 if ( $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1782 # get the length from a filehandle
1783 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') )
1785 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1786 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1787 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1790 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1794 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1795 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1800 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1801 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1802 $response->body('');
1805 $c->finalize_cookies;
1807 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1810 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1813 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1815 An alias for finalize_body.
1817 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1819 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1823 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1825 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1827 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1831 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1833 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1835 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1839 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1841 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1843 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1848 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1850 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1852 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1856 sub handle_request {
1857 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1859 # Always expect worst case!
1862 if ($class->debug) {
1863 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1864 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1865 my $time = localtime time;
1866 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1869 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1871 $status = $c->finalize;
1874 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1876 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1881 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1882 $class->log->$coderef();
1887 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1889 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1895 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1898 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1899 # into the application.
1900 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1902 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1904 # For on-demand data
1905 $c->request->_context($c);
1906 $c->response->_context($c);
1908 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1909 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1911 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1914 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1915 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1916 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1917 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1920 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1921 $c->prepare_connection;
1922 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1923 $c->prepare_headers;
1924 $c->prepare_cookies;
1927 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1928 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1931 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1932 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1937 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1938 my $path = $c->req->path;
1939 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1940 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1942 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1950 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1952 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1956 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1958 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1960 Prepares message body.
1967 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1969 # Initialize on-demand data
1970 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1971 $c->prepare_parameters;
1972 $c->prepare_uploads;
1974 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1975 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1976 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1977 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1978 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1980 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1982 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1986 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1988 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1990 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1994 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1996 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1999 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2001 Prepares body parameters.
2005 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2007 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2010 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2012 Prepares connection.
2016 sub prepare_connection {
2018 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2021 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2027 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2029 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2035 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2037 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2039 Prepares parameters.
2043 sub prepare_parameters {
2045 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2046 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2049 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2051 Prepares path and base.
2055 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2057 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2059 Prepares query parameters.
2063 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2066 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2068 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
2069 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
2070 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
2071 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
2072 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2074 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2076 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2080 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2082 Prepares the input for reading.
2086 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2088 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2090 Prepares the engine request.
2094 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2096 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2102 sub prepare_uploads {
2105 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2107 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
2108 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2109 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2114 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
2115 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
2116 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2117 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2120 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2124 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2126 Prepares the output for writing.
2130 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2132 =head2 $c->request_class
2134 Returns or sets the request class.
2136 =head2 $c->response_class
2138 Returns or sets the response class.
2140 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2142 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2143 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2144 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2146 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2149 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2150 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2151 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2155 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2163 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
2165 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2167 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2171 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2173 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2175 Sets up actions for a component.
2179 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2181 =head2 $c->setup_components
2183 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2185 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2186 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2187 each component into the application.
2189 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2191 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2196 sub setup_components {
2199 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2201 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b }
2202 $class->locate_components($config);
2203 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2205 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2206 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2207 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2208 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2210 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2212 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2213 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2214 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2216 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2218 # Needs to be done as soon as the component is loaded, as loading a sub-component
2219 # (next time round the loop) can cause us to get the wrong metaclass..
2220 $class->_controller_init_base_classes($component);
2223 for my $component (@comps) {
2224 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2225 for my $component ($class->expand_component_module( $component, $config )) {
2226 next if $comps{$component};
2227 $class->_controller_init_base_classes($component); # Also cover inner packages
2228 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2233 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2235 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2236 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2238 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2239 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2240 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2241 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2245 sub locate_components {
2249 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2250 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2252 push @paths, @$extra;
2254 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2255 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2259 my @comps = $locator->plugins;
2264 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2266 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2267 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2271 sub expand_component_module {
2272 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2273 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2276 =head2 $c->setup_component
2280 # FIXME - Ugly, ugly hack to ensure the we force initialize non-moose base classes
2281 # nearest to Catalyst::Controller first, no matter what order stuff happens
2282 # to be loaded. There are TODO tests in Moose for this, see
2283 # f2391d17574eff81d911b97be15ea51080500003
2284 sub _controller_init_base_classes {
2285 my ($app_class, $component) = @_;
2286 return unless $component->isa('Catalyst::Controller');
2287 foreach my $class ( reverse @{ mro::get_linear_isa($component) } ) {
2288 Moose::Meta::Class->initialize( $class )
2289 unless find_meta($class);
2293 sub setup_component {
2294 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2296 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2300 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2301 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2302 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2303 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2304 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2305 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2307 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2309 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2311 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2312 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2316 unless (blessed $instance) {
2317 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2318 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2319 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2320 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2321 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2323 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2329 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2335 sub setup_dispatcher {
2336 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2339 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2342 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2343 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2346 unless ($dispatcher) {
2347 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2350 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2352 # dispatcher instance
2353 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2356 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2363 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2366 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2369 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2370 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2373 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2374 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2376 # create the apache method
2377 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2379 my ( $software, $version ) =
2380 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2383 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2385 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2389 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2390 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2393 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2394 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2397 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2398 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2402 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2403 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2408 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2409 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2410 *handler = sub : method {
2411 shift->handle_request(@_);
2415 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2420 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2421 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2425 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2426 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2431 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2434 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2436 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2438 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2439 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2444 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2445 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2450 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2451 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2456 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2457 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2463 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2464 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2469 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2472 =head2 $c->setup_home
2474 Sets up the home directory.
2479 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2481 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2485 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2488 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2489 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2490 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2494 =head2 $c->setup_log
2496 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2497 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2500 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2501 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2502 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2504 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2505 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2506 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2511 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2514 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2515 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2516 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2518 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2519 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2520 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2521 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2524 unless ( $class->log ) {
2525 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2528 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2529 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2530 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2534 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2540 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2542 Sets up timing statistics class.
2547 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2549 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2551 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2552 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2553 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2554 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2559 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2561 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2562 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2564 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2565 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2566 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2568 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2576 sub registered_plugins {
2578 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2580 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2581 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2584 sub _register_plugin {
2585 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2586 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2588 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2589 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is decated and will not work in 5.81" )
2590 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2591 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2594 if ( my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class) ) {
2595 my @superclasses = ($plugin, $meta->superclasses );
2596 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
2598 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2605 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2607 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2610 my @plugins = Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace($class . '::Plugin', 'Catalyst::Plugin', @$plugins);
2612 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2613 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin);
2614 my $meta = find_meta($plugin);
2615 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2617 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2622 grep { $_ && blessed($_) && $_->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2623 map { find_meta($_) }
2626 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2634 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2635 currently executing).
2637 =head2 $c->stats_class
2639 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class.
2641 =head2 $c->use_stats
2643 Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled
2644 when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the <MYAPP>_STATS
2645 environment variable is set.
2647 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2648 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2655 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2657 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2658 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2659 your output data, if known.
2666 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2667 $c->finalize_headers;
2669 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2674 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2675 messages in template systems.
2679 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2681 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2683 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2689 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L</$c->model($name)>.
2693 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >>. See L</$c->view($name)>.
2698 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2699 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2700 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2701 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2702 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2706 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2707 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2708 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2712 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2716 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2721 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2722 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2723 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2727 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2728 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2729 templates to a different directory.
2733 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
2734 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
2735 C<< $c->components >>).
2739 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2740 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2744 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2748 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2750 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2751 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2752 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2754 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2756 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2758 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2759 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2760 parsing with a config parameter.
2762 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
2764 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2766 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2767 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2768 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2769 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2770 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2771 virtual host that the user connected through.
2773 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2774 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2775 changes are made to the request.
2777 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2778 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2780 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2781 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2783 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
2784 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
2785 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
2786 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
2787 be created properly.
2789 In the case of passing in:
2791 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
2793 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
2795 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2797 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2798 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2799 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2802 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
2804 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2806 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
2808 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2810 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2811 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2812 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2814 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2815 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2816 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2822 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2826 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2827 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2831 http://catalyst.perl.org
2835 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2839 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2841 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2843 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
2845 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2847 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2849 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2851 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2853 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2855 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
2857 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
2863 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
2865 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
2869 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
2873 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
2875 audreyt: Audrey Tang
2877 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
2879 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
2881 chansen: Christian Hansen
2883 chicks: Christopher Hicks
2885 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
2887 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
2889 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
2891 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
2895 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
2899 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
2901 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
2903 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
2905 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
2907 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
2911 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
2915 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
2917 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
2919 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
2921 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
2923 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
2925 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
2931 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
2933 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
2935 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
2937 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
2939 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
2941 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
2943 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
2947 naughton: David Naughton
2949 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
2951 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
2953 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
2957 omega: Andreas Marienborg
2959 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
2961 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
2963 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
2965 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
2967 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
2971 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
2975 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
2977 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
2979 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
2981 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
2985 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2986 the same terms as Perl itself.
2992 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;