1 /* $RCSfile: regcomp.h,v $$Revision: 4.1 $$Date: 92/08/07 18:26:31 $
4 * Revision 4.1 92/08/07 18:26:31 lwall
6 * Revision 4.0.1.1 91/06/07 11:49:40 lwall
9 * Revision 4.0 91/03/20 01:39:09 lwall
15 * The "internal use only" fields in regexp.h are present to pass info from
16 * compile to execute that permits the execute phase to run lots faster on
17 * simple cases. They are:
19 * regstart sv that must begin a match; Nullch if none obvious
20 * reganch is the match anchored (at beginning-of-line only)?
21 * regmust string (pointer into program) that match must include, or NULL
22 * [regmust changed to SV* for bminstr()--law]
23 * regmlen length of regmust string
24 * [regmlen not used currently]
26 * Regstart and reganch permit very fast decisions on suitable starting points
27 * for a match, cutting down the work a lot. Regmust permits fast rejection
28 * of lines that cannot possibly match. The regmust tests are costly enough
29 * that regcomp() supplies a regmust only if the r.e. contains something
30 * potentially expensive (at present, the only such thing detected is * or +
31 * at the start of the r.e., which can involve a lot of backup). Regmlen is
32 * supplied because the test in regexec() needs it and regcomp() is computing
34 * [regmust is now supplied always. The tests that use regmust have a
35 * heuristic that disables the test if it usually matches.]
37 * [In fact, we now use regmust in many cases to locate where the search
38 * starts in the string, so if regback is >= 0, the regmust search is never
39 * wasted effort. The regback variable says how many characters back from
40 * where regmust matched is the earliest possible start of the match.
41 * For instance, /[a-z].foo/ has a regmust of 'foo' and a regback of 2.]
45 * Structure for regexp "program". This is essentially a linear encoding
46 * of a nondeterministic finite-state machine (aka syntax charts or
47 * "railroad normal form" in parsing technology). Each node is an opcode
48 * plus a "next" pointer, possibly plus an operand. "Next" pointers of
49 * all nodes except BRANCH implement concatenation; a "next" pointer with
50 * a BRANCH on both ends of it is connecting two alternatives. (Here we
51 * have one of the subtle syntax dependencies: an individual BRANCH (as
52 * opposed to a collection of them) is never concatenated with anything
53 * because of operator precedence.) The operand of some types of node is
54 * a literal string; for others, it is a node leading into a sub-FSM. In
55 * particular, the operand of a BRANCH node is the first node of the branch.
56 * (NB this is *not* a tree structure: the tail of the branch connects
57 * to the thing following the set of BRANCHes.) The opcodes are:
60 /* definition number opnd? meaning */
61 #define END 0 /* no End of program. */
62 #define BOL 1 /* no Match "" at beginning of line. */
63 #define EOL 2 /* no Match "" at end of line. */
64 #define ANY 3 /* no Match any one character. */
65 #define ANYOF 4 /* sv Match character in (or not in) this class. */
66 #define CURLY 5 /* sv Match this simple thing {n,m} times. */
67 #define BRANCH 6 /* node Match this alternative, or the next... */
68 #define BACK 7 /* no Match "", "next" ptr points backward. */
69 #define EXACTLY 8 /* sv Match this string (preceded by length). */
70 #define NOTHING 9 /* no Match empty string. */
71 #define STAR 10 /* node Match this (simple) thing 0 or more times. */
72 #define PLUS 11 /* node Match this (simple) thing 1 or more times. */
73 #define ALNUM 12 /* no Match any alphanumeric character */
74 #define NALNUM 13 /* no Match any non-alphanumeric character */
75 #define BOUND 14 /* no Match "" at any word boundary */
76 #define NBOUND 15 /* no Match "" at any word non-boundary */
77 #define SPACE 16 /* no Match any whitespace character */
78 #define NSPACE 17 /* no Match any non-whitespace character */
79 #define DIGIT 18 /* no Match any numeric character */
80 #define NDIGIT 19 /* no Match any non-numeric character */
81 #define REF 20 /* num Match some already matched string */
82 #define OPEN 21 /* num Mark this point in input as start of #n. */
83 #define CLOSE 22 /* num Analogous to OPEN. */
88 * BRANCH The set of branches constituting a single choice are hooked
89 * together with their "next" pointers, since precedence prevents
90 * anything being concatenated to any individual branch. The
91 * "next" pointer of the last BRANCH in a choice points to the
92 * thing following the whole choice. This is also where the
93 * final "next" pointer of each individual branch points; each
94 * branch starts with the operand node of a BRANCH node.
96 * BACK Normal "next" pointers all implicitly point forward; BACK
97 * exists to make loop structures possible.
99 * STAR,PLUS '?', and complex '*' and '+', are implemented as circular
100 * BRANCH structures using BACK. Simple cases (one character
101 * per match) are implemented with STAR and PLUS for speed
102 * and to minimize recursive plunges.
104 * OPEN,CLOSE ...are numbered at compile time.
108 extern char regarglen[];
110 char regarglen[] = {0,0,0,0,0,4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,2};
113 /* The following have no fixed length. */
115 extern char varies[];
117 char varies[] = {BRANCH,BACK,STAR,PLUS,CURLY,REF,0};
120 /* The following always have a length of 1. */
122 extern char simple[];
124 char simple[] = {ANY,ANYOF,ALNUM,NALNUM,SPACE,NSPACE,DIGIT,NDIGIT,0};
130 * A node is one char of opcode followed by two chars of "next" pointer.
131 * "Next" pointers are stored as two 8-bit pieces, high order first. The
132 * value is a positive offset from the opcode of the node containing it.
133 * An operand, if any, simply follows the node. (Note that much of the
134 * code generation knows about this implicit relationship.)
136 * Using two bytes for the "next" pointer is vast overkill for most things,
137 * but allows patterns to get big without disasters.
139 * [If REGALIGN is defined, the "next" pointer is always aligned on an even
140 * boundary, and reads the offset directly as a short. Also, there is no
141 * special test to reverse the sign of BACK pointers since the offset is
157 #define NEXT(p) (*(short*)(p+1))
158 #define ARG1(p) (*(unsigned short*)(p+3))
159 #define ARG2(p) (*(unsigned short*)(p+5))
161 #define NEXT(p) (((*((p)+1)&0377)<<8) + (*((p)+2)&0377))
162 #define ARG1(p) (((*((p)+3)&0377)<<8) + (*((p)+4)&0377))
163 #define ARG2(p) (((*((p)+5)&0377)<<8) + (*((p)+6)&0377))
169 #define OPERAND(p) ((p) + 3)
172 #define NEXTOPER(p) ((p) + 4)
174 #define NEXTOPER(p) ((p) + 3)
180 * Utility definitions.
184 #define UCHARAT(p) ((int)*(unsigned char *)(p))
186 #define UCHARAT(p) ((int)*(p)&CHARMASK)
189 #define UCHARAT(p) regdummy
192 #define FAIL(m) croak("/%s/: %s",regprecomp,m)