3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2001, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 #define PERL_IN_PP_PACK_C
15 * The compiler on Concurrent CX/UX systems has a subtle bug which only
16 * seems to show up when compiling pp.c - it generates the wrong double
17 * precision constant value for (double)UV_MAX when used inline in the body
18 * of the code below, so this makes a static variable up front (which the
19 * compiler seems to get correct) and uses it in place of UV_MAX below.
21 #ifdef CXUX_BROKEN_CONSTANT_CONVERT
22 static double UV_MAX_cxux = ((double)UV_MAX);
26 * Offset for integer pack/unpack.
28 * On architectures where I16 and I32 aren't really 16 and 32 bits,
29 * which for now are all Crays, pack and unpack have to play games.
33 * These values are required for portability of pack() output.
34 * If they're not right on your machine, then pack() and unpack()
35 * wouldn't work right anyway; you'll need to apply the Cray hack.
36 * (I'd like to check them with #if, but you can't use sizeof() in
37 * the preprocessor.) --???
40 The appropriate SHORTSIZE, INTSIZE, LONGSIZE, and LONGLONGSIZE
41 defines are now in config.h. --Andy Dougherty April 1998
46 /* CROSSCOMPILE and MULTIARCH are going to affect pp_pack() and pp_unpack().
49 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16 || LONGSIZE != SIZE32
50 # define PERL_NATINT_PACK
53 #if LONGSIZE > 4 && defined(_CRAY)
54 # if BYTEORDER == 0x12345678
55 # define OFF16(p) (char*)(p)
56 # define OFF32(p) (char*)(p)
58 # if BYTEORDER == 0x87654321
59 # define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U16) - SIZE16))
60 # define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U32) - SIZE32))
62 }}}} bad cray byte order
65 # define COPY16(s,p) (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, OFF16(p), SIZE16, char))
66 # define COPY32(s,p) (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, OFF32(p), SIZE32, char))
67 # define COPYNN(s,p,n) (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, (char *)(p), n, char))
68 # define CAT16(sv,p) sv_catpvn(sv, OFF16(p), SIZE16)
69 # define CAT32(sv,p) sv_catpvn(sv, OFF32(p), SIZE32)
71 # define COPY16(s,p) Copy(s, p, SIZE16, char)
72 # define COPY32(s,p) Copy(s, p, SIZE32, char)
73 # define COPYNN(s,p,n) Copy(s, (char *)(p), n, char)
74 # define CAT16(sv,p) sv_catpvn(sv, (char*)(p), SIZE16)
75 # define CAT32(sv,p) sv_catpvn(sv, (char*)(p), SIZE32)
79 S_mul128(pTHX_ SV *sv, U8 m)
82 char *s = SvPV(sv, len);
86 if (!strnEQ(s, "0000", 4)) { /* need to grow sv */
87 SV *tmpNew = newSVpvn("0000000000", 10);
90 SvREFCNT_dec(sv); /* free old sv */
95 while (!*t) /* trailing '\0'? */
98 i = ((*t - '0') << 7) + m;
99 *(t--) = '0' + (i % 10);
105 /* Explosives and implosives. */
107 #if 'I' == 73 && 'J' == 74
108 /* On an ASCII/ISO kind of system */
109 #define ISUUCHAR(ch) ((ch) >= ' ' && (ch) < 'a')
112 Some other sort of character set - use memchr() so we don't match
115 #define ISUUCHAR(ch) (memchr(PL_uuemap, (ch), sizeof(PL_uuemap)-1) || (ch) == ' ')
123 I32 start_sp_offset = SP - PL_stack_base;
128 register char *pat = SvPV(left, llen);
129 #ifdef PACKED_IS_OCTETS
130 /* Packed side is assumed to be octets - so force downgrade if it
131 has been UTF-8 encoded by accident
133 register char *s = SvPVbyte(right, rlen);
135 register char *s = SvPV(right, rlen);
137 char *strend = s + rlen;
139 register char *patend = pat + llen;
142 register I32 bits = 0;
145 /* These must not be in registers: */
164 const int bits_in_uv = 8 * sizeof(culong);
167 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
168 int natint; /* native integer */
169 int unatint; /* unsigned native integer */
171 bool do_utf8 = DO_UTF8(right);
173 while (pat < patend) {
175 datumtype = *pat++ & 0xFF;
176 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
179 if (isSPACE(datumtype))
181 if (datumtype == '#') {
182 while (pat < patend && *pat != '\n')
187 char *natstr = "sSiIlL";
189 if (strchr(natstr, datumtype)) {
190 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
196 DIE(aTHX_ "'!' allowed only after types %s", natstr);
201 else if (*pat == '*') {
202 len = strend - strbeg; /* long enough */
206 else if (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
208 while (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
209 len = (len * 10) + (*pat++ - '0');
211 DIE(aTHX_ "Repeat count in unpack overflows");
215 len = (datumtype != '@');
219 DIE(aTHX_ "Invalid type in unpack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
220 case ',': /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
221 if (commas++ == 0 && ckWARN(WARN_UNPACK))
222 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNPACK,
223 "Invalid type in unpack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
226 if (len == 1 && pat[-1] != '1')
235 if (len > strend - strbeg)
236 DIE(aTHX_ "@ outside of string");
240 if (len > s - strbeg)
241 DIE(aTHX_ "X outside of string");
245 if (len > strend - s)
246 DIE(aTHX_ "x outside of string");
250 if (start_sp_offset >= SP - PL_stack_base)
251 DIE(aTHX_ "/ must follow a numeric type");
254 pat++; /* ignore '*' for compatibility with pack */
256 DIE(aTHX_ "/ cannot take a count" );
263 if (len > strend - s)
268 sv_setpvn(sv, s, len);
269 if (datumtype == 'A' || datumtype == 'Z') {
270 aptr = s; /* borrow register */
271 if (datumtype == 'Z') { /* 'Z' strips stuff after first null */
275 if (star) /* exact for 'Z*' */
276 len = s - SvPVX(sv) + 1;
278 else { /* 'A' strips both nulls and spaces */
279 s = SvPVX(sv) + len - 1;
280 while (s >= SvPVX(sv) && (!*s || isSPACE(*s)))
284 SvCUR_set(sv, s - SvPVX(sv));
285 s = aptr; /* unborrow register */
288 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
292 if (star || len > (strend - s) * 8)
293 len = (strend - s) * 8;
296 Newz(601, PL_bitcount, 256, char);
297 for (bits = 1; bits < 256; bits++) {
298 if (bits & 1) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
299 if (bits & 2) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
300 if (bits & 4) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
301 if (bits & 8) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
302 if (bits & 16) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
303 if (bits & 32) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
304 if (bits & 64) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
305 if (bits & 128) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
309 culong += PL_bitcount[*(unsigned char*)s++];
314 if (datumtype == 'b') {
316 if (bits & 1) culong++;
322 if (bits & 128) culong++;
329 sv = NEWSV(35, len + 1);
333 if (datumtype == 'b') {
335 for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
336 if (len & 7) /*SUPPRESS 595*/
340 *str++ = '0' + (bits & 1);
345 for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
350 *str++ = '0' + ((bits & 128) != 0);
354 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
358 if (star || len > (strend - s) * 2)
359 len = (strend - s) * 2;
360 sv = NEWSV(35, len + 1);
364 if (datumtype == 'h') {
366 for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
371 *str++ = PL_hexdigit[bits & 15];
376 for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
381 *str++ = PL_hexdigit[(bits >> 4) & 15];
385 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
388 if (len > strend - s)
393 if (aint >= 128) /* fake up signed chars */
395 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
406 if (aint >= 128) /* fake up signed chars */
409 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint);
410 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
415 unpack_C: /* unpack U will jump here if not UTF-8 */
420 if (len > strend - s)
435 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)auint);
436 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
447 if (len > strend - s)
450 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
452 auint = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8*)s, strend - s, &alen, 0);
455 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
456 cdouble += (NV)auint;
464 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
466 auint = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8*)s, strend - s, &alen, 0);
470 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint);
471 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
476 #if SHORTSIZE == SIZE16
477 along = (strend - s) / SIZE16;
479 along = (strend - s) / (natint ? sizeof(short) : SIZE16);
484 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
488 COPYNN(s, &ashort, sizeof(short));
490 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
491 cdouble += (NV)ashort;
502 #if SHORTSIZE > SIZE16
507 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
508 cdouble += (NV)ashort;
517 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
521 COPYNN(s, &ashort, sizeof(short));
524 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)ashort);
525 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
533 #if SHORTSIZE > SIZE16
539 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)ashort);
540 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
548 #if SHORTSIZE == SIZE16
549 along = (strend - s) / SIZE16;
551 unatint = natint && datumtype == 'S';
552 along = (strend - s) / (unatint ? sizeof(unsigned short) : SIZE16);
557 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
559 unsigned short aushort;
561 COPYNN(s, &aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
562 s += sizeof(unsigned short);
563 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
564 cdouble += (NV)aushort;
576 if (datumtype == 'n')
577 aushort = PerlSock_ntohs(aushort);
580 if (datumtype == 'v')
581 aushort = vtohs(aushort);
583 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
584 cdouble += (NV)aushort;
593 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
595 unsigned short aushort;
597 COPYNN(s, &aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
598 s += sizeof(unsigned short);
600 sv_setiv(sv, (UV)aushort);
601 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
612 if (datumtype == 'n')
613 aushort = PerlSock_ntohs(aushort);
616 if (datumtype == 'v')
617 aushort = vtohs(aushort);
619 sv_setiv(sv, (UV)aushort);
620 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
626 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(int);
631 Copy(s, &aint, 1, int);
633 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
643 Copy(s, &aint, 1, int);
647 /* Without the dummy below unpack("i", pack("i",-1))
648 * return 0xFFffFFff instead of -1 for Digital Unix V4.0
649 * cc with optimization turned on.
651 * The bug was detected in
652 * DEC C V5.8-009 on Digital UNIX V4.0 (Rev. 1091) (V4.0E)
653 * with optimization (-O4) turned on.
654 * DEC C V5.2-040 on Digital UNIX V4.0 (Rev. 564) (V4.0B)
655 * does not have this problem even with -O4.
657 * This bug was reported as DECC_BUGS 1431
658 * and tracked internally as GEM_BUGS 7775.
660 * The bug is fixed in
661 * Tru64 UNIX V5.0: Compaq C V6.1-006 or later
662 * UNIX V4.0F support: DEC C V5.9-006 or later
663 * UNIX V4.0E support: DEC C V5.8-011 or later
666 * See also few lines later for the same bug.
669 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint) :
671 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint);
672 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
677 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(unsigned int);
682 Copy(s, &auint, 1, unsigned int);
683 s += sizeof(unsigned int);
684 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
685 cdouble += (NV)auint;
694 Copy(s, &auint, 1, unsigned int);
695 s += sizeof(unsigned int);
698 /* Without the dummy below unpack("I", pack("I",0xFFFFFFFF))
699 * returns 1.84467440737096e+19 instead of 0xFFFFFFFF.
700 * See details few lines earlier. */
702 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint) :
704 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint);
705 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
710 #if LONGSIZE == SIZE32
711 along = (strend - s) / SIZE32;
713 along = (strend - s) / (natint ? sizeof(long) : SIZE32);
718 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
721 COPYNN(s, &along, sizeof(long));
723 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
724 cdouble += (NV)along;
733 #if LONGSIZE > SIZE32 && INTSIZE == SIZE32
737 #if LONGSIZE > SIZE32
738 if (along > 2147483647)
742 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
743 cdouble += (NV)along;
752 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
755 COPYNN(s, &along, sizeof(long));
758 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)along);
759 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
766 #if LONGSIZE > SIZE32 && INTSIZE == SIZE32
770 #if LONGSIZE > SIZE32
771 if (along > 2147483647)
776 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)along);
777 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
785 #if LONGSIZE == SIZE32
786 along = (strend - s) / SIZE32;
788 unatint = natint && datumtype == 'L';
789 along = (strend - s) / (unatint ? sizeof(unsigned long) : SIZE32);
794 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
796 unsigned long aulong;
798 COPYNN(s, &aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
799 s += sizeof(unsigned long);
800 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
801 cdouble += (NV)aulong;
813 if (datumtype == 'N')
814 aulong = PerlSock_ntohl(aulong);
817 if (datumtype == 'V')
818 aulong = vtohl(aulong);
820 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
821 cdouble += (NV)aulong;
830 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
832 unsigned long aulong;
834 COPYNN(s, &aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
835 s += sizeof(unsigned long);
837 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)aulong);
838 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
848 if (datumtype == 'N')
849 aulong = PerlSock_ntohl(aulong);
852 if (datumtype == 'V')
853 aulong = vtohl(aulong);
856 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)aulong);
857 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
863 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(char*);
869 if (sizeof(char*) > strend - s)
872 Copy(s, &aptr, 1, char*);
878 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
888 while ((len > 0) && (s < strend)) {
889 auv = (auv << 7) | (*s & 0x7f);
890 /* UTF8_IS_XXXXX not right here - using constant 0x80 */
891 if ((U8)(*s++) < 0x80) {
895 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
899 else if (++bytes >= sizeof(UV)) { /* promote to string */
903 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%.*"UVf, (int)TYPE_DIGITS(UV), auv);
905 sv = mul128(sv, *s & 0x7f);
906 if (!(*s++ & 0x80)) {
915 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
920 if ((s >= strend) && bytes)
921 DIE(aTHX_ "Unterminated compressed integer");
926 if (sizeof(char*) > strend - s)
929 Copy(s, &aptr, 1, char*);
934 sv_setpvn(sv, aptr, len);
935 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
939 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(Quad_t);
944 Copy(s, &aquad, 1, Quad_t);
946 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
947 cdouble += (NV)aquad;
956 if (s + sizeof(Quad_t) > strend)
959 Copy(s, &aquad, 1, Quad_t);
963 if (aquad >= IV_MIN && aquad <= IV_MAX)
964 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aquad);
966 sv_setnv(sv, (NV)aquad);
967 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
972 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(Quad_t);
977 Copy(s, &auquad, 1, Uquad_t);
978 s += sizeof(Uquad_t);
979 if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
980 cdouble += (NV)auquad;
989 if (s + sizeof(Uquad_t) > strend)
992 Copy(s, &auquad, 1, Uquad_t);
993 s += sizeof(Uquad_t);
996 if (auquad <= UV_MAX)
997 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auquad);
999 sv_setnv(sv, (NV)auquad);
1000 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
1005 /* float and double added gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
1008 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(float);
1013 Copy(s, &afloat, 1, float);
1022 Copy(s, &afloat, 1, float);
1025 sv_setnv(sv, (NV)afloat);
1026 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
1032 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(double);
1037 Copy(s, &adouble, 1, double);
1038 s += sizeof(double);
1046 Copy(s, &adouble, 1, double);
1047 s += sizeof(double);
1049 sv_setnv(sv, (NV)adouble);
1050 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
1056 * Initialise the decode mapping. By using a table driven
1057 * algorithm, the code will be character-set independent
1058 * (and just as fast as doing character arithmetic)
1060 if (PL_uudmap['M'] == 0) {
1063 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(PL_uuemap); i += 1)
1064 PL_uudmap[(U8)PL_uuemap[i]] = i;
1066 * Because ' ' and '`' map to the same value,
1067 * we need to decode them both the same.
1072 along = (strend - s) * 3 / 4;
1073 sv = NEWSV(42, along);
1076 while (s < strend && *s > ' ' && ISUUCHAR(*s)) {
1081 len = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1083 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1084 a = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1087 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1088 b = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1091 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1092 c = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1095 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1096 d = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1099 hunk[0] = (a << 2) | (b >> 4);
1100 hunk[1] = (b << 4) | (c >> 2);
1101 hunk[2] = (c << 6) | d;
1102 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
1107 else if (s[1] == '\n') /* possible checksum byte */
1110 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
1115 if (strchr("fFdD", datumtype) ||
1116 (checksum > bits_in_uv && strchr("csSiIlLnNUvVqQ", datumtype)) ) {
1119 adouble = (NV) (1 << (checksum & 15));
1120 while (checksum >= 16) {
1124 while (cdouble < 0.0)
1126 cdouble = Perl_modf(cdouble / adouble, &trouble) * adouble;
1127 sv_setnv(sv, cdouble);
1130 if (checksum < bits_in_uv) {
1131 UV mask = ((UV)1 << checksum) - 1;
1134 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)culong);
1136 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
1139 if (gimme != G_ARRAY &&
1140 SP - PL_stack_base == start_sp_offset + 1) {
1141 /* do first one only unless in list context
1142 / is implmented by unpacking the count, then poping it from the
1143 stack, so must check that we're not in the middle of a / */
1144 if ((pat >= patend) || *pat != '/')
1148 if (SP - PL_stack_base == start_sp_offset && gimme == G_SCALAR)
1149 PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
1154 S_doencodes(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register char *s, register I32 len)
1158 *hunk = PL_uuemap[len];
1159 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 1);
1162 hunk[0] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (*s >> 2))];
1163 hunk[1] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((*s << 4) & 060) | ((s[1] >> 4) & 017)))];
1164 hunk[2] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[1] << 2) & 074) | ((s[2] >> 6) & 03)))];
1165 hunk[3] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[2] & 077))];
1166 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 4);
1171 char r = (len > 1 ? s[1] : '\0');
1172 hunk[0] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (*s >> 2))];
1173 hunk[1] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((*s << 4) & 060) | ((r >> 4) & 017)))];
1174 hunk[2] = PL_uuemap[(077 & ((r << 2) & 074))];
1175 hunk[3] = PL_uuemap[0];
1176 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 4);
1178 sv_catpvn(sv, "\n", 1);
1182 S_is_an_int(pTHX_ char *s, STRLEN l)
1185 SV *result = newSVpvn(s, l);
1186 char *result_c = SvPV(result, n_a); /* convenience */
1187 char *out = result_c;
1197 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
1220 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
1226 SvCUR_set(result, out - result_c);
1230 /* pnum must be '\0' terminated */
1232 S_div128(pTHX_ SV *pnum, bool *done)
1235 char *s = SvPV(pnum, len);
1244 i = m * 10 + (*t - '0');
1246 r = (i >> 7); /* r < 10 */
1253 SvCUR_set(pnum, (STRLEN) (t - s));
1260 dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
1261 register SV *cat = TARG;
1264 register char *pat = SvPVx(*++MARK, fromlen);
1266 register char *patend = pat + fromlen;
1271 static char null10[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
1272 static char *space10 = " ";
1274 /* These must not be in registers: */
1289 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
1290 int natint; /* native integer */
1295 sv_setpvn(cat, "", 0);
1297 while (pat < patend) {
1298 SV *lengthcode = Nullsv;
1299 #define NEXTFROM ( lengthcode ? lengthcode : items-- > 0 ? *MARK++ : &PL_sv_no)
1300 datumtype = *pat++ & 0xFF;
1301 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
1304 if (isSPACE(datumtype)) {
1308 #ifndef PACKED_IS_OCTETS
1309 if (datumtype == 'U' && pat == patcopy+1)
1312 if (datumtype == '#') {
1313 while (pat < patend && *pat != '\n')
1318 char *natstr = "sSiIlL";
1320 if (strchr(natstr, datumtype)) {
1321 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
1327 DIE(aTHX_ "'!' allowed only after types %s", natstr);
1330 len = strchr("@Xxu", datumtype) ? 0 : items;
1333 else if (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
1335 while (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
1336 len = (len * 10) + (*pat++ - '0');
1338 DIE(aTHX_ "Repeat count in pack overflows");
1345 if ((*pat != 'a' && *pat != 'A' && *pat != 'Z') || pat[1] != '*')
1346 DIE(aTHX_ "/ must be followed by a*, A* or Z*");
1347 lengthcode = sv_2mortal(newSViv(sv_len(items > 0
1348 ? *MARK : &PL_sv_no)
1349 + (*pat == 'Z' ? 1 : 0)));
1353 DIE(aTHX_ "Invalid type in pack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
1354 case ',': /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
1355 if (commas++ == 0 && ckWARN(WARN_PACK))
1356 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PACK,
1357 "Invalid type in pack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
1360 DIE(aTHX_ "%% may only be used in unpack");
1371 if (SvCUR(cat) < len)
1372 DIE(aTHX_ "X outside of string");
1379 sv_catpvn(cat, null10, 10);
1382 sv_catpvn(cat, null10, len);
1388 aptr = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
1389 if (pat[lengthcode ? -2 : -1] == '*') { /* -2 after '/' */
1391 if (datumtype == 'Z')
1394 if (fromlen >= len) {
1395 sv_catpvn(cat, aptr, len);
1396 if (datumtype == 'Z')
1397 *(SvEND(cat)-1) = '\0';
1400 sv_catpvn(cat, aptr, fromlen);
1402 if (datumtype == 'A') {
1404 sv_catpvn(cat, space10, 10);
1407 sv_catpvn(cat, space10, len);
1411 sv_catpvn(cat, null10, 10);
1414 sv_catpvn(cat, null10, len);
1426 str = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
1430 SvCUR(cat) += (len+7)/8;
1431 SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + 1);
1432 aptr = SvPVX(cat) + aint;
1437 if (datumtype == 'B') {
1438 for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
1439 items |= *str++ & 1;
1443 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
1449 for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
1455 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
1461 if (datumtype == 'B')
1462 items <<= 7 - (aint & 7);
1464 items >>= 7 - (aint & 7);
1465 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
1467 str = SvPVX(cat) + SvCUR(cat);
1482 str = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
1486 SvCUR(cat) += (len+1)/2;
1487 SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + 1);
1488 aptr = SvPVX(cat) + aint;
1493 if (datumtype == 'H') {
1494 for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
1496 items |= ((*str++ & 15) + 9) & 15;
1498 items |= *str++ & 15;
1502 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
1508 for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
1510 items |= (((*str++ & 15) + 9) & 15) << 4;
1512 items |= (*str++ & 15) << 4;
1516 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
1522 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
1523 str = SvPVX(cat) + SvCUR(cat);
1534 switch (datumtype) {
1536 aint = SvIV(fromstr);
1537 if ((aint < 0 || aint > 255) &&
1539 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PACK,
1540 "Character in \"C\" format wrapped");
1542 sv_catpvn(cat, &achar, sizeof(char));
1545 aint = SvIV(fromstr);
1546 if ((aint < -128 || aint > 127) &&
1548 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PACK,
1549 "Character in \"c\" format wrapped");
1551 sv_catpvn(cat, &achar, sizeof(char));
1559 auint = SvUV(fromstr);
1560 SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + UTF8_MAXLEN + 1);
1561 SvCUR_set(cat, (char*)uvchr_to_utf8((U8*)SvEND(cat),auint)
1566 /* Float and double added by gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
1571 afloat = (float)SvNV(fromstr);
1572 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&afloat, sizeof (float));
1579 adouble = (double)SvNV(fromstr);
1580 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&adouble, sizeof (double));
1586 ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
1588 ashort = PerlSock_htons(ashort);
1590 CAT16(cat, &ashort);
1596 ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
1598 ashort = htovs(ashort);
1600 CAT16(cat, &ashort);
1604 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
1606 unsigned short aushort;
1610 aushort = SvUV(fromstr);
1611 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
1621 aushort = (U16)SvUV(fromstr);
1622 CAT16(cat, &aushort);
1628 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
1634 ashort = SvIV(fromstr);
1635 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&ashort, sizeof(short));
1643 ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
1644 CAT16(cat, &ashort);
1651 auint = SvUV(fromstr);
1652 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&auint, sizeof(unsigned int));
1658 adouble = Perl_floor(SvNV(fromstr));
1661 DIE(aTHX_ "Cannot compress negative numbers");
1664 #if UVSIZE > 4 && UVSIZE >= NVSIZE
1665 adouble <= 0xffffffff
1667 # ifdef CXUX_BROKEN_CONSTANT_CONVERT
1668 adouble <= UV_MAX_cxux
1675 char buf[1 + sizeof(UV)];
1676 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
1677 UV auv = U_V(adouble);
1680 *--in = (auv & 0x7f) | 0x80;
1683 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
1684 sv_catpvn(cat, in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
1686 else if (SvPOKp(fromstr)) { /* decimal string arithmetics */
1687 char *from, *result, *in;
1692 /* Copy string and check for compliance */
1693 from = SvPV(fromstr, len);
1694 if ((norm = is_an_int(from, len)) == NULL)
1695 DIE(aTHX_ "can compress only unsigned integer");
1697 New('w', result, len, char);
1701 *--in = div128(norm, &done) | 0x80;
1702 result[len - 1] &= 0x7F; /* clear continue bit */
1703 sv_catpvn(cat, in, (result + len) - in);
1705 SvREFCNT_dec(norm); /* free norm */
1707 else if (SvNOKp(fromstr)) {
1708 char buf[sizeof(double) * 2]; /* 8/7 <= 2 */
1709 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
1712 double next = floor(adouble / 128);
1713 *--in = (unsigned char)(adouble - (next * 128)) | 0x80;
1714 if (in <= buf) /* this cannot happen ;-) */
1715 DIE(aTHX_ "Cannot compress integer");
1717 } while (adouble > 0);
1718 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
1719 sv_catpvn(cat, in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
1722 DIE(aTHX_ "Cannot compress non integer");
1728 aint = SvIV(fromstr);
1729 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aint, sizeof(int));
1735 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
1737 aulong = PerlSock_htonl(aulong);
1739 CAT32(cat, &aulong);
1745 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
1747 aulong = htovl(aulong);
1749 CAT32(cat, &aulong);
1753 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
1755 unsigned long aulong;
1759 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
1760 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
1768 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
1769 CAT32(cat, &aulong);
1774 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
1780 along = SvIV(fromstr);
1781 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&along, sizeof(long));
1789 along = SvIV(fromstr);
1798 auquad = (Uquad_t)SvUV(fromstr);
1799 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&auquad, sizeof(Uquad_t));
1805 aquad = (Quad_t)SvIV(fromstr);
1806 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aquad, sizeof(Quad_t));
1811 len = 1; /* assume SV is correct length */
1816 if (fromstr == &PL_sv_undef)
1820 /* XXX better yet, could spirit away the string to
1821 * a safe spot and hang on to it until the result
1822 * of pack() (and all copies of the result) are
1825 if (ckWARN(WARN_PACK) && (SvTEMP(fromstr)
1826 || (SvPADTMP(fromstr)
1827 && !SvREADONLY(fromstr))))
1829 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PACK,
1830 "Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value");
1832 if (SvPOK(fromstr) || SvNIOK(fromstr))
1833 aptr = SvPV(fromstr,n_a);
1835 aptr = SvPV_force(fromstr,n_a);
1837 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aptr, sizeof(char*));
1842 aptr = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
1843 SvGROW(cat, fromlen * 4 / 3);
1848 while (fromlen > 0) {
1855 doencodes(cat, aptr, todo);