3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 #define PP(s) OP * Perl_##s(pTHX)
14 =head1 Stack Manipulation Macros
17 Stack pointer. This is usually handled by C<xsubpp>. See C<dSP> and
21 Stack marker variable for the XSUB. See C<dMARK>.
23 =for apidoc Am|void|PUSHMARK|SP
24 Opening bracket for arguments on a callback. See C<PUTBACK> and
28 Declares a local copy of perl's stack pointer for the XSUB, available via
29 the C<SP> macro. See C<SP>.
33 Declare Just C<SP>. This is actually identical to C<dSP>, and declares
34 a local copy of perl's stack pointer, available via the C<SP> macro.
35 See C<SP>. (Available for backward source code compatibility with the
36 old (Perl 5.005) thread model.)
38 =for apidoc Ams||dMARK
39 Declare a stack marker variable, C<mark>, for the XSUB. See C<MARK> and
42 =for apidoc Ams||dORIGMARK
43 Saves the original stack mark for the XSUB. See C<ORIGMARK>.
45 =for apidoc AmU||ORIGMARK
46 The original stack mark for the XSUB. See C<dORIGMARK>.
48 =for apidoc Ams||SPAGAIN
49 Refetch the stack pointer. Used after a callback. See L<perlcall>.
53 #undef SP /* Solaris 2.7 i386 has this in /usr/include/sys/reg.h */
60 if (++PL_markstack_ptr == PL_markstack_max) \
62 *PL_markstack_ptr = (p) - PL_stack_base; \
65 #define TOPMARK (*PL_markstack_ptr)
66 #define POPMARK (*PL_markstack_ptr--)
68 #define dSP register SV **sp = PL_stack_sp
70 #define dMARK register SV **mark = PL_stack_base + POPMARK
71 #define dORIGMARK const I32 origmark = mark - PL_stack_base
72 #define ORIGMARK (PL_stack_base + origmark)
74 #define SPAGAIN sp = PL_stack_sp
75 #define MSPAGAIN STMT_START { sp = PL_stack_sp; mark = ORIGMARK; } STMT_END
77 #define GETTARGETSTACKED targ = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED ? POPs : PAD_SV(PL_op->op_targ))
78 #define dTARGETSTACKED SV * GETTARGETSTACKED
80 #define GETTARGET targ = PAD_SV(PL_op->op_targ)
81 #define dTARGET SV * GETTARGET
83 #define GETATARGET targ = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED ? sp[-1] : PAD_SV(PL_op->op_targ))
84 #define dATARGET SV * GETATARGET
86 #define dTARG SV *targ
88 #define NORMAL PL_op->op_next
89 #define DIE return Perl_die
90 #define DIE_NULL return DieNull
93 =for apidoc Ams||PUTBACK
94 Closing bracket for XSUB arguments. This is usually handled by C<xsubpp>.
95 See C<PUSHMARK> and L<perlcall> for other uses.
97 =for apidoc Amn|SV*|POPs
98 Pops an SV off the stack.
100 =for apidoc Amn|char*|POPp
101 Pops a string off the stack. Deprecated. New code should provide
102 a STRLEN n_a and use POPpx.
104 =for apidoc Amn|char*|POPpx
105 Pops a string off the stack.
106 Requires a variable STRLEN n_a in scope.
108 =for apidoc Amn|char*|POPpbytex
109 Pops a string off the stack which must consist of bytes i.e. characters < 256.
110 Requires a variable STRLEN n_a in scope.
112 =for apidoc Amn|NV|POPn
113 Pops a double off the stack.
115 =for apidoc Amn|IV|POPi
116 Pops an integer off the stack.
118 =for apidoc Amn|long|POPl
119 Pops a long off the stack.
124 #define PUTBACK PL_stack_sp = sp
125 #define RETURN return PUTBACK, NORMAL
126 #define RETURNOP(o) return PUTBACK, o
127 #define RETURNX(x) return x, PUTBACK, NORMAL
130 #define POPp (SvPVx(POPs, PL_na)) /* deprecated */
131 #define POPpx (SvPVx(POPs, n_a))
132 #define POPpbytex (SvPVbytex(POPs, n_a))
133 #define POPn (SvNVx(POPs))
134 #define POPi ((IV)SvIVx(POPs))
135 #define POPu ((UV)SvUVx(POPs))
136 #define POPl ((long)SvIVx(POPs))
137 #define POPul ((unsigned long)SvIVx(POPs))
139 #define POPq ((Quad_t)SvIVx(POPs))
140 #define POPuq ((Uquad_t)SvUVx(POPs))
144 #define TOPm1s (*(sp-1))
145 #define TOPp1s (*(sp+1))
146 #define TOPp (SvPV(TOPs, PL_na)) /* deprecated */
147 #define TOPpx (SvPV(TOPs, n_a))
148 #define TOPn (SvNV(TOPs))
149 #define TOPi ((IV)SvIV(TOPs))
150 #define TOPu ((UV)SvUV(TOPs))
151 #define TOPl ((long)SvIV(TOPs))
152 #define TOPul ((unsigned long)SvUV(TOPs))
154 #define TOPq ((Quad_t)SvIV(TOPs))
155 #define TOPuq ((Uquad_t)SvUV(TOPs))
158 /* Go to some pains in the rare event that we must extend the stack. */
161 =for apidoc Am|void|EXTEND|SP|int nitems
162 Used to extend the argument stack for an XSUB's return values. Once
163 used, guarantees that there is room for at least C<nitems> to be pushed
166 =for apidoc Am|void|PUSHs|SV* sv
167 Push an SV onto the stack. The stack must have room for this element.
168 Does not handle 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<PUSHmortal>,
169 C<XPUSHs> and C<XPUSHmortal>.
171 =for apidoc Am|void|PUSHp|char* str|STRLEN len
172 Push a string onto the stack. The stack must have room for this element.
173 The C<len> indicates the length of the string. Handles 'set' magic. Uses
174 C<TARG>, so C<dTARGET> or C<dXSTARG> should be called to declare it. Do not
175 call multiple C<TARG>-oriented macros to return lists from XSUB's - see
176 C<mPUSHp> instead. See also C<XPUSHp> and C<mXPUSHp>.
178 =for apidoc Am|void|PUSHn|NV nv
179 Push a double onto the stack. The stack must have room for this element.
180 Handles 'set' magic. Uses C<TARG>, so C<dTARGET> or C<dXSTARG> should be
181 called to declare it. Do not call multiple C<TARG>-oriented macros to
182 return lists from XSUB's - see C<mPUSHn> instead. See also C<XPUSHn> and
185 =for apidoc Am|void|PUSHi|IV iv
186 Push an integer onto the stack. The stack must have room for this element.
187 Handles 'set' magic. Uses C<TARG>, so C<dTARGET> or C<dXSTARG> should be
188 called to declare it. Do not call multiple C<TARG>-oriented macros to
189 return lists from XSUB's - see C<mPUSHi> instead. See also C<XPUSHi> and
192 =for apidoc Am|void|PUSHu|UV uv
193 Push an unsigned integer onto the stack. The stack must have room for this
194 element. Handles 'set' magic. Uses C<TARG>, so C<dTARGET> or C<dXSTARG>
195 should be called to declare it. Do not call multiple C<TARG>-oriented
196 macros to return lists from XSUB's - see C<mPUSHu> instead. See also
197 C<XPUSHu> and C<mXPUSHu>.
199 =for apidoc Am|void|XPUSHs|SV* sv
200 Push an SV onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary. Does not
201 handle 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<XPUSHmortal>,
202 C<PUSHs> and C<PUSHmortal>.
204 =for apidoc Am|void|XPUSHp|char* str|STRLEN len
205 Push a string onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary. The C<len>
206 indicates the length of the string. Handles 'set' magic. Uses C<TARG>, so
207 C<dTARGET> or C<dXSTARG> should be called to declare it. Do not call
208 multiple C<TARG>-oriented macros to return lists from XSUB's - see
209 C<mXPUSHp> instead. See also C<PUSHp> and C<mPUSHp>.
211 =for apidoc Am|void|XPUSHn|NV nv
212 Push a double onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary. Handles
213 'set' magic. Uses C<TARG>, so C<dTARGET> or C<dXSTARG> should be called to
214 declare it. Do not call multiple C<TARG>-oriented macros to return lists
215 from XSUB's - see C<mXPUSHn> instead. See also C<PUSHn> and C<mPUSHn>.
217 =for apidoc Am|void|XPUSHi|IV iv
218 Push an integer onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary. Handles
219 'set' magic. Uses C<TARG>, so C<dTARGET> or C<dXSTARG> should be called to
220 declare it. Do not call multiple C<TARG>-oriented macros to return lists
221 from XSUB's - see C<mXPUSHi> instead. See also C<PUSHi> and C<mPUSHi>.
223 =for apidoc Am|void|XPUSHu|UV uv
224 Push an unsigned integer onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary.
225 Handles 'set' magic. Uses C<TARG>, so C<dTARGET> or C<dXSTARG> should be
226 called to declare it. Do not call multiple C<TARG>-oriented macros to
227 return lists from XSUB's - see C<mXPUSHu> instead. See also C<PUSHu> and
230 =for apidoc Am|void|PUSHmortal
231 Push a new mortal SV onto the stack. The stack must have room for this
232 element. Does not handle 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also
233 C<PUSHs>, C<XPUSHmortal> and C<XPUSHs>.
235 =for apidoc Am|void|mPUSHp|char* str|STRLEN len
236 Push a string onto the stack. The stack must have room for this element.
237 The C<len> indicates the length of the string. Handles 'set' magic. Does
238 not use C<TARG>. See also C<PUSHp>, C<mXPUSHp> and C<XPUSHp>.
240 =for apidoc Am|void|mPUSHn|NV nv
241 Push a double onto the stack. The stack must have room for this element.
242 Handles 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<PUSHn>, C<mXPUSHn>
245 =for apidoc Am|void|mPUSHi|IV iv
246 Push an integer onto the stack. The stack must have room for this element.
247 Handles 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<PUSHi>, C<mXPUSHi>
250 =for apidoc Am|void|mPUSHu|UV uv
251 Push an unsigned integer onto the stack. The stack must have room for this
252 element. Handles 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<PUSHu>,
253 C<mXPUSHu> and C<XPUSHu>.
255 =for apidoc Am|void|XPUSHmortal
256 Push a new mortal SV onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary. Does
257 not handle 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<XPUSHs>,
258 C<PUSHmortal> and C<PUSHs>.
260 =for apidoc Am|void|mXPUSHp|char* str|STRLEN len
261 Push a string onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary. The C<len>
262 indicates the length of the string. Handles 'set' magic. Does not use
263 C<TARG>. See also C<XPUSHp>, C<mPUSHp> and C<PUSHp>.
265 =for apidoc Am|void|mXPUSHn|NV nv
266 Push a double onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary. Handles
267 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<XPUSHn>, C<mPUSHn> and
270 =for apidoc Am|void|mXPUSHi|IV iv
271 Push an integer onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary. Handles
272 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<XPUSHi>, C<mPUSHi> and
275 =for apidoc Am|void|mXPUSHu|UV uv
276 Push an unsigned integer onto the stack, extending the stack if necessary.
277 Handles 'set' magic. Does not use C<TARG>. See also C<XPUSHu>, C<mPUSHu>
283 #define EXTEND(p,n) STMT_START { if (PL_stack_max - p < (int)(n)) { \
284 sp = stack_grow(sp,p, (int) (n)); \
287 /* Same thing, but update mark register too. */
288 #define MEXTEND(p,n) STMT_START {if (PL_stack_max - p < (int)(n)) { \
289 int markoff = mark - PL_stack_base; \
290 sp = stack_grow(sp,p,(int) (n)); \
291 mark = PL_stack_base + markoff; \
294 #define PUSHs(s) (*++sp = (s))
295 #define PUSHTARG STMT_START { SvSETMAGIC(TARG); PUSHs(TARG); } STMT_END
296 #define PUSHp(p,l) STMT_START { sv_setpvn(TARG, (p), (l)); PUSHTARG; } STMT_END
297 #define PUSHn(n) STMT_START { sv_setnv(TARG, (NV)(n)); PUSHTARG; } STMT_END
298 #define PUSHi(i) STMT_START { sv_setiv(TARG, (IV)(i)); PUSHTARG; } STMT_END
299 #define PUSHu(u) STMT_START { sv_setuv(TARG, (UV)(u)); PUSHTARG; } STMT_END
301 #define XPUSHs(s) STMT_START { EXTEND(sp,1); (*++sp = (s)); } STMT_END
302 #define XPUSHTARG STMT_START { SvSETMAGIC(TARG); XPUSHs(TARG); } STMT_END
303 #define XPUSHp(p,l) STMT_START { sv_setpvn(TARG, (p), (l)); XPUSHTARG; } STMT_END
304 #define XPUSHn(n) STMT_START { sv_setnv(TARG, (NV)(n)); XPUSHTARG; } STMT_END
305 #define XPUSHi(i) STMT_START { sv_setiv(TARG, (IV)(i)); XPUSHTARG; } STMT_END
306 #define XPUSHu(u) STMT_START { sv_setuv(TARG, (UV)(u)); XPUSHTARG; } STMT_END
307 #define XPUSHundef STMT_START { SvOK_off(TARG); XPUSHs(TARG); } STMT_END
309 #define PUSHmortal PUSHs(sv_newmortal())
310 #define mPUSHp(p,l) sv_setpvn_mg(PUSHmortal, (p), (l))
311 #define mPUSHn(n) sv_setnv_mg(PUSHmortal, (NV)(n))
312 #define mPUSHi(i) sv_setiv_mg(PUSHmortal, (IV)(i))
313 #define mPUSHu(u) sv_setuv_mg(PUSHmortal, (UV)(u))
315 #define XPUSHmortal XPUSHs(sv_newmortal())
316 #define mXPUSHp(p,l) STMT_START { EXTEND(sp,1); sv_setpvn_mg(PUSHmortal, (p), (l)); } STMT_END
317 #define mXPUSHn(n) STMT_START { EXTEND(sp,1); sv_setnv_mg(PUSHmortal, (NV)(n)); } STMT_END
318 #define mXPUSHi(i) STMT_START { EXTEND(sp,1); sv_setiv_mg(PUSHmortal, (IV)(i)); } STMT_END
319 #define mXPUSHu(u) STMT_START { EXTEND(sp,1); sv_setuv_mg(PUSHmortal, (UV)(u)); } STMT_END
321 #define SETs(s) (*sp = s)
322 #define SETTARG STMT_START { SvSETMAGIC(TARG); SETs(TARG); } STMT_END
323 #define SETp(p,l) STMT_START { sv_setpvn(TARG, (p), (l)); SETTARG; } STMT_END
324 #define SETn(n) STMT_START { sv_setnv(TARG, (NV)(n)); SETTARG; } STMT_END
325 #define SETi(i) STMT_START { sv_setiv(TARG, (IV)(i)); SETTARG; } STMT_END
326 #define SETu(u) STMT_START { sv_setuv(TARG, (UV)(u)); SETTARG; } STMT_END
328 #define dTOPss SV *sv = TOPs
329 #define dPOPss SV *sv = POPs
330 #define dTOPnv NV value = TOPn
331 #define dPOPnv NV value = POPn
332 #define dTOPiv IV value = TOPi
333 #define dPOPiv IV value = POPi
334 #define dTOPuv UV value = TOPu
335 #define dPOPuv UV value = POPu
337 #define dTOPqv Quad_t value = TOPu
338 #define dPOPqv Quad_t value = POPu
339 #define dTOPuqv Uquad_t value = TOPuq
340 #define dPOPuqv Uquad_t value = POPuq
343 #define dPOPXssrl(X) SV *right = POPs; SV *left = CAT2(X,s)
344 #define dPOPXnnrl(X) NV right = POPn; NV left = CAT2(X,n)
345 #define dPOPXiirl(X) IV right = POPi; IV left = CAT2(X,i)
347 #define USE_LEFT(sv) \
348 (SvOK(sv) || SvGMAGICAL(sv) || !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
349 #define dPOPXnnrl_ul(X) \
351 SV *leftsv = CAT2(X,s); \
352 NV left = USE_LEFT(leftsv) ? SvNV(leftsv) : 0.0
353 #define dPOPXiirl_ul(X) \
355 SV *leftsv = CAT2(X,s); \
356 IV left = USE_LEFT(leftsv) ? SvIV(leftsv) : 0
358 #define dPOPPOPssrl dPOPXssrl(POP)
359 #define dPOPPOPnnrl dPOPXnnrl(POP)
360 #define dPOPPOPnnrl_ul dPOPXnnrl_ul(POP)
361 #define dPOPPOPiirl dPOPXiirl(POP)
362 #define dPOPPOPiirl_ul dPOPXiirl_ul(POP)
364 #define dPOPTOPssrl dPOPXssrl(TOP)
365 #define dPOPTOPnnrl dPOPXnnrl(TOP)
366 #define dPOPTOPnnrl_ul dPOPXnnrl_ul(TOP)
367 #define dPOPTOPiirl dPOPXiirl(TOP)
368 #define dPOPTOPiirl_ul dPOPXiirl_ul(TOP)
370 #define RETPUSHYES RETURNX(PUSHs(&PL_sv_yes))
371 #define RETPUSHNO RETURNX(PUSHs(&PL_sv_no))
372 #define RETPUSHUNDEF RETURNX(PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef))
374 #define RETSETYES RETURNX(SETs(&PL_sv_yes))
375 #define RETSETNO RETURNX(SETs(&PL_sv_no))
376 #define RETSETUNDEF RETURNX(SETs(&PL_sv_undef))
378 #define ARGTARG PL_op->op_targ
380 /* See OPpTARGET_MY: */
381 #define MAXARG (PL_op->op_private & 15)
383 #define SWITCHSTACK(f,t) \
385 AvFILLp(f) = sp - PL_stack_base; \
386 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(t); \
387 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(t); \
388 sp = PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + AvFILLp(t); \
392 #define EXTEND_MORTAL(n) \
394 if (PL_tmps_ix + (n) >= PL_tmps_max) \
398 #define AMGf_noright 1
399 #define AMGf_noleft 2
400 #define AMGf_assign 4
403 #define tryAMAGICbinW(meth,assign,set) STMT_START { \
404 if (PL_amagic_generation) { \
406 SV* right= *(sp); SV* left= *(sp-1);\
407 if ((SvAMAGIC(left)||SvAMAGIC(right))&&\
408 (tmpsv=amagic_call(left, \
411 (assign)? AMGf_assign: 0))) {\
413 (void)POPs; set(tmpsv); RETURN; } \
417 #define tryAMAGICbin(meth,assign) tryAMAGICbinW(meth,assign,SETsv)
418 #define tryAMAGICbinSET(meth,assign) tryAMAGICbinW(meth,assign,SETs)
420 #define AMG_CALLun(sv,meth) amagic_call(sv,&PL_sv_undef, \
421 CAT2(meth,_amg),AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary)
422 #define AMG_CALLbinL(left,right,meth) \
423 amagic_call(left,right,CAT2(meth,_amg),AMGf_noright)
425 #define tryAMAGICunW(meth,set,shift,ret) STMT_START { \
426 if (PL_amagic_generation) { \
428 SV* arg= sp[shift]; \
429 if(0) goto am_again; /* shut up unused warning */ \
431 if ((SvAMAGIC(arg))&&\
432 (tmpsv=AMG_CALLun(arg,meth))) {\
433 SPAGAIN; if (shift) sp += shift; \
438 #define FORCE_SETs(sv) STMT_START { sv_setsv(TARG, (sv)); SETTARG; } STMT_END
440 #define tryAMAGICun(meth) tryAMAGICunW(meth,SETsvUN,0,RETURN)
441 #define tryAMAGICunSET(meth) tryAMAGICunW(meth,SETs,0,RETURN)
442 #define tryAMAGICunTARGET(meth, shift) \
443 STMT_START { dSP; sp--; /* get TARGET from below PL_stack_sp */ \
445 { dSP; tryAMAGICunW(meth,FORCE_SETs,shift,RETURN);}}} STMT_END
447 #define setAGAIN(ref) \
451 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference"); \
452 if (ref != arg && SvRV(ref) != SvRV(arg)) { \
458 #define tryAMAGICunDEREF(meth) tryAMAGICunW(meth,setAGAIN,0,(void)0)
460 #define opASSIGN (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
461 #define SETsv(sv) STMT_START { \
462 if (opASSIGN || (SvFLAGS(TARG) & SVs_PADMY)) \
463 { sv_setsv(TARG, (sv)); SETTARG; } \
464 else SETs(sv); } STMT_END
466 #define SETsvUN(sv) STMT_START { \
467 if (SvFLAGS(TARG) & SVs_PADMY) \
468 { sv_setsv(TARG, (sv)); SETTARG; } \
469 else SETs(sv); } STMT_END
471 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
472 * information by hand */
474 /* SV* ref causes confusion with the member variable
475 changed SV* ref to SV* tmpRef */
476 #define RvDEEPCP(rv) STMT_START { SV* tmpRef=SvRV(rv); \
477 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef)>1) { \
478 SvRV_set(rv, AMG_CALLun(rv,copy)); \
479 SvREFCNT_dec(tmpRef); \
483 =for apidoc mU||LVRET
484 True if this op will be the return value of an lvalue subroutine
487 #define LVRET ((PL_op->op_private & OPpMAYBE_LVSUB) && is_lvalue_sub())