3 * Copyright (c) 1991-1999, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * "It's a big house this, and very peculiar. Always a bit more to discover,
12 * and no knowing what you'll find around a corner. And Elves, sir!" --Samwise
20 * The compiler on Concurrent CX/UX systems has a subtle bug which only
21 * seems to show up when compiling pp.c - it generates the wrong double
22 * precision constant value for (double)UV_MAX when used inline in the body
23 * of the code below, so this makes a static variable up front (which the
24 * compiler seems to get correct) and uses it in place of UV_MAX below.
26 #ifdef CXUX_BROKEN_CONSTANT_CONVERT
27 static double UV_MAX_cxux = ((double)UV_MAX);
31 * Types used in bitwise operations.
33 * Normally we'd just use IV and UV. However, some hardware and
34 * software combinations (e.g. Alpha and current OSF/1) don't have a
35 * floating-point type to use for NV that has adequate bits to fully
36 * hold an IV/UV. (In other words, sizeof(long) == sizeof(double).)
38 * It just so happens that "int" is the right size almost everywhere.
44 * Mask used after bitwise operations.
46 * There is at least one realm (Cray word machines) that doesn't
47 * have an integral type (except char) small enough to be represented
48 * in a double without loss; that is, it has no 32-bit type.
50 #if LONGSIZE > 4 && defined(_CRAY) && !defined(_CRAYMPP)
52 # define BW_MASK ((1 << BW_BITS) - 1)
53 # define BW_SIGN (1 << (BW_BITS - 1))
54 # define BWi(i) (((i) & BW_SIGN) ? ((i) | ~BW_MASK) : ((i) & BW_MASK))
55 # define BWu(u) ((u) & BW_MASK)
62 * Offset for integer pack/unpack.
64 * On architectures where I16 and I32 aren't really 16 and 32 bits,
65 * which for now are all Crays, pack and unpack have to play games.
69 * These values are required for portability of pack() output.
70 * If they're not right on your machine, then pack() and unpack()
71 * wouldn't work right anyway; you'll need to apply the Cray hack.
72 * (I'd like to check them with #if, but you can't use sizeof() in
73 * the preprocessor.) --???
76 The appropriate SHORTSIZE, INTSIZE, LONGSIZE, and LONGLONGSIZE
77 defines are now in config.h. --Andy Dougherty April 1998
82 /* CROSSCOMPILE and MULTIARCH are going to affect pp_pack() and pp_unpack().
85 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16 || LONGSIZE != SIZE32
86 # define PERL_NATINT_PACK
89 #if BYTEORDER > 0xFFFF && defined(_CRAY) && !defined(_CRAYMPP)
90 # if BYTEORDER == 0x12345678
91 # define OFF16(p) (char*)(p)
92 # define OFF32(p) (char*)(p)
94 # if BYTEORDER == 0x87654321
95 # define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U16) - SIZE16))
96 # define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U32) - SIZE32))
98 }}}} bad cray byte order
101 # define COPY16(s,p) (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, OFF16(p), SIZE16, char))
102 # define COPY32(s,p) (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, OFF32(p), SIZE32, char))
103 # define COPYNN(s,p,n) (*(p) = 0, Copy(s, (char *)(p), n, char))
104 # define CAT16(sv,p) sv_catpvn(sv, OFF16(p), SIZE16)
105 # define CAT32(sv,p) sv_catpvn(sv, OFF32(p), SIZE32)
107 # define COPY16(s,p) Copy(s, p, SIZE16, char)
108 # define COPY32(s,p) Copy(s, p, SIZE32, char)
109 # define COPYNN(s,p,n) Copy(s, (char *)(p), n, char)
110 # define CAT16(sv,p) sv_catpvn(sv, (char*)(p), SIZE16)
111 # define CAT32(sv,p) sv_catpvn(sv, (char*)(p), SIZE32)
114 /* variations on pp_null */
120 /* XXX I can't imagine anyone who doesn't have this actually _needs_
121 it, since pid_t is an integral type.
124 #ifdef NEED_GETPID_PROTO
125 extern Pid_t getpid (void);
131 if (GIMME_V == G_SCALAR)
132 XPUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
146 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
147 SAVECLEARSV(PL_curpad[PL_op->op_targ]);
149 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
153 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY) {
154 I32 maxarg = AvFILL((AV*)TARG) + 1;
156 if (SvMAGICAL(TARG)) {
158 for (i=0; i < maxarg; i++) {
159 SV **svp = av_fetch((AV*)TARG, i, FALSE);
160 SP[i+1] = (svp) ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef;
164 Copy(AvARRAY((AV*)TARG), SP+1, maxarg, SV*);
169 SV* sv = sv_newmortal();
170 I32 maxarg = AvFILL((AV*)TARG) + 1;
171 sv_setiv(sv, maxarg);
183 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
184 SAVECLEARSV(PL_curpad[PL_op->op_targ]);
185 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF)
188 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
191 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
192 SV* sv = sv_newmortal();
193 if (HvFILL((HV*)TARG))
194 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%ld/%ld",
195 (long)HvFILL((HV*)TARG), (long)HvMAX((HV*)TARG) + 1);
205 DIE(aTHX_ "NOT IMPL LINE %d",__LINE__);
216 tryAMAGICunDEREF(to_gv);
219 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVIO) {
220 GV *gv = (GV*) sv_newmortal();
221 gv_init(gv, 0, "", 0, 0);
222 GvIOp(gv) = (IO *)sv;
223 (void)SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
226 else if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVGV)
227 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a GLOB reference");
230 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVGV) {
234 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
240 /* If this is a 'my' scalar and flag is set then vivify
243 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF) {
244 GV *gv = (GV *) newSV(0);
247 if (cUNOP->op_first->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
248 SV *padname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, cUNOP->op_first->op_targ, 4);
249 name = SvPV(padname,len);
251 gv_init(gv, PL_curcop->cop_stash, name, len, 0);
252 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_RV);
253 SvRV(sv) = (SV *) gv;
258 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF ||
259 PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS)
260 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, "a symbol");
261 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
262 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNINITIALIZED, PL_warn_uninit);
266 if ((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) &&
267 !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
269 sv = (SV*)gv_fetchpv(sym, FALSE, SVt_PVGV);
274 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS)
275 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_symref, sym, "a symbol");
276 sv = (SV*)gv_fetchpv(sym, TRUE, SVt_PVGV);
280 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
281 save_gp((GV*)sv, !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
292 tryAMAGICunDEREF(to_sv);
295 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
299 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a SCALAR reference");
307 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
308 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
314 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF ||
315 PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS)
316 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, "a SCALAR");
317 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
318 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNINITIALIZED, PL_warn_uninit);
322 if ((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) &&
323 !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
325 gv = (GV*)gv_fetchpv(sym, FALSE, SVt_PV);
330 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS)
331 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_symref, sym, "a SCALAR");
332 gv = (GV*)gv_fetchpv(sym, TRUE, SVt_PV);
337 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD) {
338 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
339 sv = save_scalar((GV*)TOPs);
340 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF)
341 vivify_ref(sv, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF);
351 SV *sv = AvARYLEN(av);
353 AvARYLEN(av) = sv = NEWSV(0,0);
354 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV);
355 sv_magic(sv, (SV*)av, '#', Nullch, 0);
363 djSP; dTARGET; dPOPss;
365 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD) {
366 if (SvTYPE(TARG) < SVt_PVLV) {
367 sv_upgrade(TARG, SVt_PVLV);
368 sv_magic(TARG, Nullsv, '.', Nullch, 0);
372 if (LvTARG(TARG) != sv) {
374 SvREFCNT_dec(LvTARG(TARG));
375 LvTARG(TARG) = SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
377 PUSHs(TARG); /* no SvSETMAGIC */
383 if (SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(sv)) {
384 mg = mg_find(sv, 'g');
385 if (mg && mg->mg_len >= 0) {
389 PUSHi(i + PL_curcop->cop_arybase);
403 /* We usually try to add a non-existent subroutine in case of AUTOLOAD. */
404 /* (But not in defined().) */
405 CV *cv = sv_2cv(TOPs, &stash, &gv, !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
408 cv = (CV*)sv_2mortal((SV*)cv_clone(cv));
411 cv = (CV*)&PL_sv_undef;
425 if (SvPOK(TOPs) && SvCUR(TOPs) >= 7) {
426 char *s = SvPVX(TOPs);
427 if (strnEQ(s, "CORE::", 6)) {
430 code = keyword(s + 6, SvCUR(TOPs) - 6);
431 if (code < 0) { /* Overridable. */
432 #define MAX_ARGS_OP ((sizeof(I32) - 1) * 2)
433 int i = 0, n = 0, seen_question = 0;
435 char str[ MAX_ARGS_OP * 2 + 2 ]; /* One ';', one '\0' */
437 while (i < MAXO) { /* The slow way. */
438 if (strEQ(s + 6, PL_op_name[i])
439 || strEQ(s + 6, PL_op_desc[i]))
445 goto nonesuch; /* Should not happen... */
447 oa = PL_opargs[i] >> OASHIFT;
449 if (oa & OA_OPTIONAL) {
453 else if (seen_question)
454 goto set; /* XXXX system, exec */
455 if ((oa & (OA_OPTIONAL - 1)) >= OA_AVREF
456 && (oa & (OA_OPTIONAL - 1)) <= OA_HVREF) {
459 /* What to do with R ((un)tie, tied, (sys)read, recv)? */
460 str[n++] = ("?$@@%&*$")[oa & (OA_OPTIONAL - 1)];
464 ret = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(str, n - 1));
466 else if (code) /* Non-Overridable */
468 else { /* None such */
470 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't find an opnumber for \"%s\"", s+6);
474 cv = sv_2cv(TOPs, &stash, &gv, FALSE);
476 ret = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(SvPVX(cv), SvCUR(cv)));
485 CV* cv = (CV*)PL_curpad[PL_op->op_targ];
487 cv = (CV*)sv_2mortal((SV*)cv_clone(cv));
503 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
507 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
508 *MARK = refto(*MARK);
512 EXTEND_MORTAL(SP - MARK);
514 *MARK = refto(*MARK);
519 S_refto(pTHX_ SV *sv)
523 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVLV && LvTYPE(sv) == 'y') {
526 if (!(sv = LvTARG(sv)))
529 (void)SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
531 else if (SvPADTMP(sv))
535 (void)SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
538 sv_upgrade(rv, SVt_RV);
552 if (sv && SvGMAGICAL(sv))
555 if (!sv || !SvROK(sv))
559 pv = sv_reftype(sv,TRUE);
560 PUSHp(pv, strlen(pv));
570 stash = PL_curcop->cop_stash;
574 char *ptr = SvPV(ssv,len);
575 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNSAFE) && len == 0)
576 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNSAFE,
577 "Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main)");
578 stash = gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, TRUE);
581 (void)sv_bless(TOPs, stash);
595 elem = SvPV(sv, n_a);
599 switch (elem ? *elem : '\0')
602 if (strEQ(elem, "ARRAY"))
603 tmpRef = (SV*)GvAV(gv);
606 if (strEQ(elem, "CODE"))
607 tmpRef = (SV*)GvCVu(gv);
610 if (strEQ(elem, "FILEHANDLE")) /* XXX deprecate in 5.005 */
611 tmpRef = (SV*)GvIOp(gv);
614 if (strEQ(elem, "GLOB"))
618 if (strEQ(elem, "HASH"))
619 tmpRef = (SV*)GvHV(gv);
622 if (strEQ(elem, "IO"))
623 tmpRef = (SV*)GvIOp(gv);
626 if (strEQ(elem, "NAME"))
627 sv = newSVpvn(GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv));
630 if (strEQ(elem, "PACKAGE"))
631 sv = newSVpv(HvNAME(GvSTASH(gv)), 0);
634 if (strEQ(elem, "SCALAR"))
648 /* Pattern matching */
653 register unsigned char *s;
656 register I32 *sfirst;
660 if (sv == PL_lastscream) {
666 SvSCREAM_off(PL_lastscream);
667 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
669 PL_lastscream = SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
672 s = (unsigned char*)(SvPV(sv, len));
676 if (pos > PL_maxscream) {
677 if (PL_maxscream < 0) {
678 PL_maxscream = pos + 80;
679 New(301, PL_screamfirst, 256, I32);
680 New(302, PL_screamnext, PL_maxscream, I32);
683 PL_maxscream = pos + pos / 4;
684 Renew(PL_screamnext, PL_maxscream, I32);
688 sfirst = PL_screamfirst;
689 snext = PL_screamnext;
691 if (!sfirst || !snext)
692 DIE(aTHX_ "do_study: out of memory");
694 for (ch = 256; ch; --ch)
701 snext[pos] = sfirst[ch] - pos;
708 sv_magic(sv, Nullsv, 'g', Nullch, 0); /* piggyback on m//g magic */
717 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
723 TARG = sv_newmortal();
728 /* Lvalue operators. */
740 djSP; dMARK; dTARGET;
750 SETi(do_chomp(TOPs));
756 djSP; dMARK; dTARGET;
757 register I32 count = 0;
760 count += do_chomp(POPs);
771 if (!sv || !SvANY(sv))
773 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
775 if (AvMAX(sv) >= 0 || SvGMAGICAL(sv) || (SvRMAGICAL(sv) && mg_find(sv,'P')))
779 if (HvARRAY(sv) || SvGMAGICAL(sv) || (SvRMAGICAL(sv) && mg_find(sv,'P')))
783 if (CvROOT(sv) || CvXSUB(sv))
800 if (!PL_op->op_private) {
809 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv))
812 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
822 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNSAFE) && cv_const_sv((CV*)sv))
823 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNSAFE, "Constant subroutine %s undefined",
824 CvANON((CV*)sv) ? "(anonymous)" : GvENAME(CvGV((CV*)sv)));
828 /* let user-undef'd sub keep its identity */
829 GV* gv = (GV*)SvREFCNT_inc(CvGV((CV*)sv));
836 SvSetMagicSV(sv, &PL_sv_undef);
840 Newz(602, gp, 1, GP);
841 GvGP(sv) = gp_ref(gp);
842 GvSV(sv) = NEWSV(72,0);
843 GvLINE(sv) = PL_curcop->cop_line;
849 if (SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV && SvPVX(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
852 SvPV_set(sv, Nullch);
865 if (SvREADONLY(TOPs) || SvTYPE(TOPs) > SVt_PVLV)
866 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
867 if (SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs) &&
868 SvIVX(TOPs) != IV_MIN)
871 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
882 if (SvREADONLY(TOPs) || SvTYPE(TOPs) > SVt_PVLV)
883 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
884 sv_setsv(TARG, TOPs);
885 if (SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs) &&
886 SvIVX(TOPs) != IV_MAX)
889 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
903 if(SvREADONLY(TOPs) || SvTYPE(TOPs) > SVt_PVLV)
904 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
905 sv_setsv(TARG, TOPs);
906 if (SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs) &&
907 SvIVX(TOPs) != IV_MIN)
910 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
919 /* Ordinary operators. */
923 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(pow,opASSIGN);
926 SETn( pow( left, right) );
933 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(mult,opASSIGN);
936 SETn( left * right );
943 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(div,opASSIGN);
948 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
950 /* insure that 20./5. == 4. */
953 if ((double)I_V(left) == left &&
954 (double)I_V(right) == right &&
955 (k = I_V(left)/I_V(right))*I_V(right) == I_V(left)) {
959 value = left / right;
963 value = left / right;
972 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(modulo,opASSIGN);
982 if (SvIOK(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)) {
984 right = (right_neg = (i < 0)) ? -i : i;
989 right_neg = dright < 0;
994 if (!use_double && SvIOK(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)) {
996 left = (left_neg = (i < 0)) ? -i : i;
1004 left_neg = dleft < 0;
1013 /* Somehow U_V is pessimized even if CASTFLAGS is 0 */
1015 # define CAST_D2UV(d) U_V(d)
1017 # define CAST_D2UV(d) ((UV)(d))
1019 /* Tried to do this only in the case DOUBLESIZE <= UV_SIZE,
1020 * or, in other words, precision of UV more than of NV.
1021 * But in fact the approach below turned out to be an
1022 * optimization - floor() may be slow */
1023 if (dright <= UV_MAX && dleft <= UV_MAX) {
1024 right = CAST_D2UV(dright);
1025 left = CAST_D2UV(dleft);
1030 /* Backward-compatibility clause: */
1031 dright = floor(dright + 0.5);
1032 dleft = floor(dleft + 0.5);
1035 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
1037 dans = fmod(dleft, dright);
1038 if ((left_neg != right_neg) && dans)
1039 dans = dright - dans;
1042 sv_setnv(TARG, dans);
1049 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
1052 if ((left_neg != right_neg) && ans)
1055 /* XXX may warn: unary minus operator applied to unsigned type */
1056 /* could change -foo to be (~foo)+1 instead */
1057 if (ans <= ~((UV)IV_MAX)+1)
1058 sv_setiv(TARG, ~ans+1);
1060 sv_setnv(TARG, -(double)ans);
1063 sv_setuv(TARG, ans);
1072 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(repeat,opASSIGN);
1074 register I32 count = POPi;
1075 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY && PL_op->op_private & OPpREPEAT_DOLIST) {
1077 I32 items = SP - MARK;
1080 max = items * count;
1089 repeatcpy((char*)(MARK + items), (char*)MARK,
1090 items * sizeof(SV*), count - 1);
1093 else if (count <= 0)
1096 else { /* Note: mark already snarfed by pp_list */
1101 SvSetSV(TARG, tmpstr);
1102 SvPV_force(TARG, len);
1107 SvGROW(TARG, (count * len) + 1);
1108 repeatcpy(SvPVX(TARG) + len, SvPVX(TARG), len, count - 1);
1109 SvCUR(TARG) *= count;
1111 *SvEND(TARG) = '\0';
1113 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
1122 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(subtr,opASSIGN);
1125 SETn( left - right );
1132 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(lshift,opASSIGN);
1135 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1137 i = BWi(i) << shift;
1151 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(rshift,opASSIGN);
1154 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1156 i = BWi(i) >> shift;
1170 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(lt,0);
1173 SETs(boolSV(TOPn < value));
1180 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(gt,0);
1183 SETs(boolSV(TOPn > value));
1190 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(le,0);
1193 SETs(boolSV(TOPn <= value));
1200 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(ge,0);
1203 SETs(boolSV(TOPn >= value));
1210 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(ne,0);
1213 SETs(boolSV(TOPn != value));
1220 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICbin(ncmp,0);
1227 else if (left < right)
1229 else if (left > right)
1242 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(slt,0);
1245 int cmp = ((PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE)
1246 ? sv_cmp_locale(left, right)
1247 : sv_cmp(left, right));
1248 SETs(boolSV(cmp < 0));
1255 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(sgt,0);
1258 int cmp = ((PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE)
1259 ? sv_cmp_locale(left, right)
1260 : sv_cmp(left, right));
1261 SETs(boolSV(cmp > 0));
1268 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(sle,0);
1271 int cmp = ((PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE)
1272 ? sv_cmp_locale(left, right)
1273 : sv_cmp(left, right));
1274 SETs(boolSV(cmp <= 0));
1281 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(sge,0);
1284 int cmp = ((PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE)
1285 ? sv_cmp_locale(left, right)
1286 : sv_cmp(left, right));
1287 SETs(boolSV(cmp >= 0));
1294 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(seq,0);
1297 SETs(boolSV(sv_eq(left, right)));
1304 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(sne,0);
1307 SETs(boolSV(!sv_eq(left, right)));
1314 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICbin(scmp,0);
1317 int cmp = ((PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE)
1318 ? sv_cmp_locale(left, right)
1319 : sv_cmp(left, right));
1327 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(band,opASSIGN);
1330 if (SvNIOKp(left) || SvNIOKp(right)) {
1331 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1332 IBW value = SvIV(left) & SvIV(right);
1336 UBW value = SvUV(left) & SvUV(right);
1341 do_vop(PL_op->op_type, TARG, left, right);
1350 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(bxor,opASSIGN);
1353 if (SvNIOKp(left) || SvNIOKp(right)) {
1354 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1355 IBW value = (USE_LEFT(left) ? SvIV(left) : 0) ^ SvIV(right);
1359 UBW value = (USE_LEFT(left) ? SvUV(left) : 0) ^ SvUV(right);
1364 do_vop(PL_op->op_type, TARG, left, right);
1373 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(bor,opASSIGN);
1376 if (SvNIOKp(left) || SvNIOKp(right)) {
1377 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1378 IBW value = (USE_LEFT(left) ? SvIV(left) : 0) | SvIV(right);
1382 UBW value = (USE_LEFT(left) ? SvUV(left) : 0) | SvUV(right);
1387 do_vop(PL_op->op_type, TARG, left, right);
1396 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(neg);
1401 if (SvIOKp(sv) && !SvNOKp(sv) && !SvPOKp(sv) && SvIVX(sv) != IV_MIN)
1403 else if (SvNIOKp(sv))
1405 else if (SvPOKp(sv)) {
1407 char *s = SvPV(sv, len);
1408 if (isIDFIRST(*s)) {
1409 sv_setpvn(TARG, "-", 1);
1412 else if (*s == '+' || *s == '-') {
1414 *SvPV_force(TARG, len) = *s == '-' ? '+' : '-';
1416 else if (IN_UTF8 && *(U8*)s >= 0xc0 && isIDFIRST_utf8((U8*)s)) {
1417 sv_setpvn(TARG, "-", 1);
1421 sv_setnv(TARG, -SvNV(sv));
1432 djSP; tryAMAGICunSET(not);
1433 *PL_stack_sp = boolSV(!SvTRUE(*PL_stack_sp));
1439 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(compl);
1443 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1444 IBW value = ~SvIV(sv);
1448 UBW value = ~SvUV(sv);
1453 register char *tmps;
1454 register long *tmpl;
1459 tmps = SvPV_force(TARG, len);
1462 for ( ; anum && (unsigned long)tmps % sizeof(long); anum--, tmps++)
1465 for ( ; anum >= sizeof(long); anum -= sizeof(long), tmpl++)
1469 for ( ; anum > 0; anum--, tmps++)
1478 /* integer versions of some of the above */
1482 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(mult,opASSIGN);
1485 SETi( left * right );
1492 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(div,opASSIGN);
1496 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
1497 value = POPi / value;
1505 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(modulo,opASSIGN);
1509 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
1510 SETi( left % right );
1517 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(add,opASSIGN);
1520 SETi( left + right );
1527 djSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(subtr,opASSIGN);
1530 SETi( left - right );
1537 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(lt,0);
1540 SETs(boolSV(left < right));
1547 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(gt,0);
1550 SETs(boolSV(left > right));
1557 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(le,0);
1560 SETs(boolSV(left <= right));
1567 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(ge,0);
1570 SETs(boolSV(left >= right));
1577 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(eq,0);
1580 SETs(boolSV(left == right));
1587 djSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(ne,0);
1590 SETs(boolSV(left != right));
1597 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICbin(ncmp,0);
1604 else if (left < right)
1615 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(neg);
1620 /* High falutin' math. */
1624 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICbin(atan2,0);
1627 SETn(atan2(left, right));
1634 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(sin);
1646 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(cos);
1656 /* Support Configure command-line overrides for rand() functions.
1657 After 5.005, perhaps we should replace this by Configure support
1658 for drand48(), random(), or rand(). For 5.005, though, maintain
1659 compatibility by calling rand() but allow the user to override it.
1660 See INSTALL for details. --Andy Dougherty 15 July 1998
1662 /* Now it's after 5.005, and Configure supports drand48() and random(),
1663 in addition to rand(). So the overrides should not be needed any more.
1664 --Jarkko Hietaniemi 27 September 1998
1667 #ifndef HAS_DRAND48_PROTO
1668 extern double drand48 (void);
1681 if (!PL_srand_called) {
1682 (void)seedDrand01((Rand_seed_t)seed());
1683 PL_srand_called = TRUE;
1698 (void)seedDrand01((Rand_seed_t)anum);
1699 PL_srand_called = TRUE;
1708 * This is really just a quick hack which grabs various garbage
1709 * values. It really should be a real hash algorithm which
1710 * spreads the effect of every input bit onto every output bit,
1711 * if someone who knows about such things would bother to write it.
1712 * Might be a good idea to add that function to CORE as well.
1713 * No numbers below come from careful analysis or anything here,
1714 * except they are primes and SEED_C1 > 1E6 to get a full-width
1715 * value from (tv_sec * SEED_C1 + tv_usec). The multipliers should
1716 * probably be bigger too.
1719 # define SEED_C1 1000003
1720 #define SEED_C4 73819
1722 # define SEED_C1 25747
1723 #define SEED_C4 20639
1727 #define SEED_C5 26107
1730 #ifndef PERL_NO_DEV_RANDOM
1735 # include <starlet.h>
1736 /* when[] = (low 32 bits, high 32 bits) of time since epoch
1737 * in 100-ns units, typically incremented ever 10 ms. */
1738 unsigned int when[2];
1740 # ifdef HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY
1741 struct timeval when;
1747 /* This test is an escape hatch, this symbol isn't set by Configure. */
1748 #ifndef PERL_NO_DEV_RANDOM
1749 #ifndef PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE
1750 /* /dev/random isn't used by default because reads from it will block
1751 * if there isn't enough entropy available. You can compile with
1752 * PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE to it if you'd prefer Perl to block until there
1753 * is enough real entropy to fill the seed. */
1754 # define PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE "/dev/urandom"
1756 fd = PerlLIO_open(PERL_RANDOM_DEVICE, 0);
1758 if (PerlLIO_read(fd, &u, sizeof u) != sizeof u)
1767 _ckvmssts(sys$gettim(when));
1768 u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when[0] + (U32)SEED_C2 * when[1];
1770 # ifdef HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY
1771 gettimeofday(&when,(struct timezone *) 0);
1772 u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when.tv_sec + (U32)SEED_C2 * when.tv_usec;
1775 u = (U32)SEED_C1 * when;
1778 u += SEED_C3 * (U32)getpid();
1779 u += SEED_C4 * (U32)(UV)PL_stack_sp;
1780 #ifndef PLAN9 /* XXX Plan9 assembler chokes on this; fix needed */
1781 u += SEED_C5 * (U32)(UV)&when;
1788 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(exp);
1800 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(log);
1805 RESTORE_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
1806 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't take log of %g", value);
1816 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(sqrt);
1821 RESTORE_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
1822 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't take sqrt of %g", value);
1824 value = sqrt(value);
1834 double value = TOPn;
1837 if (SvIOKp(TOPs) && !SvNOKp(TOPs) && !SvPOKp(TOPs)) {
1843 (void)modf(value, &value);
1845 (void)modf(-value, &value);
1860 djSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(abs);
1862 double value = TOPn;
1865 if (SvIOKp(TOPs) && !SvNOKp(TOPs) && !SvPOKp(TOPs) &&
1866 (iv = SvIVX(TOPs)) != IV_MIN) {
1888 XPUSHu(scan_hex(tmps, 99, &argtype));
1901 while (*tmps && isSPACE(*tmps))
1906 value = scan_hex(++tmps, 99, &argtype);
1907 else if (*tmps == 'b')
1908 value = scan_bin(++tmps, 99, &argtype);
1910 value = scan_oct(tmps, 99, &argtype);
1922 SETi( sv_len_utf8(TOPs) );
1926 SETi( sv_len(TOPs) );
1940 I32 lvalue = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
1942 I32 arybase = PL_curcop->cop_arybase;
1946 SvTAINTED_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
1950 repl = SvPV(sv, repl_len);
1957 tmps = SvPV(sv, curlen);
1959 utfcurlen = sv_len_utf8(sv);
1960 if (utfcurlen == curlen)
1968 if (pos >= arybase) {
1986 else if (len >= 0) {
1988 if (rem > (I32)curlen)
2002 if (ckWARN(WARN_SUBSTR) || lvalue || repl)
2003 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_SUBSTR, "substr outside of string");
2008 sv_pos_u2b(sv, &pos, &rem);
2010 sv_setpvn(TARG, tmps, rem);
2011 if (lvalue) { /* it's an lvalue! */
2012 if (!SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2016 if (ckWARN(WARN_SUBSTR))
2017 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_SUBSTR,
2018 "Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr");
2020 if (SvOK(sv)) /* is it defined ? */
2021 (void)SvPOK_only(sv);
2023 sv_setpvn(sv,"",0); /* avoid lexical reincarnation */
2026 if (SvTYPE(TARG) < SVt_PVLV) {
2027 sv_upgrade(TARG, SVt_PVLV);
2028 sv_magic(TARG, Nullsv, 'x', Nullch, 0);
2032 if (LvTARG(TARG) != sv) {
2034 SvREFCNT_dec(LvTARG(TARG));
2035 LvTARG(TARG) = SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
2037 LvTARGOFF(TARG) = pos;
2038 LvTARGLEN(TARG) = rem;
2041 sv_insert(sv, pos, rem, repl, repl_len);
2044 PUSHs(TARG); /* avoid SvSETMAGIC here */
2051 register I32 size = POPi;
2052 register I32 offset = POPi;
2053 register SV *src = POPs;
2054 I32 lvalue = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
2056 unsigned char *s = (unsigned char*)SvPV(src, srclen);
2057 unsigned long retnum;
2060 SvTAINTED_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
2061 offset *= size; /* turn into bit offset */
2062 len = (offset + size + 7) / 8;
2063 if (offset < 0 || size < 1)
2066 if (lvalue) { /* it's an lvalue! */
2067 if (SvTYPE(TARG) < SVt_PVLV) {
2068 sv_upgrade(TARG, SVt_PVLV);
2069 sv_magic(TARG, Nullsv, 'v', Nullch, 0);
2073 if (LvTARG(TARG) != src) {
2075 SvREFCNT_dec(LvTARG(TARG));
2076 LvTARG(TARG) = SvREFCNT_inc(src);
2078 LvTARGOFF(TARG) = offset;
2079 LvTARGLEN(TARG) = size;
2087 if (offset >= srclen)
2090 retnum = (unsigned long) s[offset] << 8;
2092 else if (size == 32) {
2093 if (offset >= srclen)
2095 else if (offset + 1 >= srclen)
2096 retnum = (unsigned long) s[offset] << 24;
2097 else if (offset + 2 >= srclen)
2098 retnum = ((unsigned long) s[offset] << 24) +
2099 ((unsigned long) s[offset + 1] << 16);
2101 retnum = ((unsigned long) s[offset] << 24) +
2102 ((unsigned long) s[offset + 1] << 16) +
2103 (s[offset + 2] << 8);
2108 retnum = (s[offset >> 3] >> (offset & 7)) & ((1 << size) - 1);
2113 else if (size == 16)
2114 retnum = ((unsigned long) s[offset] << 8) + s[offset+1];
2115 else if (size == 32)
2116 retnum = ((unsigned long) s[offset] << 24) +
2117 ((unsigned long) s[offset + 1] << 16) +
2118 (s[offset + 2] << 8) + s[offset+3];
2122 sv_setuv(TARG, (UV)retnum);
2137 I32 arybase = PL_curcop->cop_arybase;
2142 offset = POPi - arybase;
2145 tmps = SvPV(big, biglen);
2146 if (IN_UTF8 && offset > 0)
2147 sv_pos_u2b(big, &offset, 0);
2150 else if (offset > biglen)
2152 if (!(tmps2 = fbm_instr((unsigned char*)tmps + offset,
2153 (unsigned char*)tmps + biglen, little, 0)))
2156 retval = tmps2 - tmps;
2157 if (IN_UTF8 && retval > 0)
2158 sv_pos_b2u(big, &retval);
2159 PUSHi(retval + arybase);
2174 I32 arybase = PL_curcop->cop_arybase;
2180 tmps2 = SvPV(little, llen);
2181 tmps = SvPV(big, blen);
2185 if (IN_UTF8 && offset > 0)
2186 sv_pos_u2b(big, &offset, 0);
2187 offset = offset - arybase + llen;
2191 else if (offset > blen)
2193 if (!(tmps2 = rninstr(tmps, tmps + offset,
2194 tmps2, tmps2 + llen)))
2197 retval = tmps2 - tmps;
2198 if (IN_UTF8 && retval > 0)
2199 sv_pos_b2u(big, &retval);
2200 PUSHi(retval + arybase);
2206 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
2207 do_sprintf(TARG, SP-MARK, MARK+1);
2208 TAINT_IF(SvTAINTED(TARG));
2219 U8 *tmps = (U8*)POPpx;
2222 if (IN_UTF8 && (*tmps & 0x80))
2223 value = utf8_to_uv(tmps, &retlen);
2225 value = (UV)(*tmps & 255);
2236 (void)SvUPGRADE(TARG,SVt_PV);
2238 if (IN_UTF8 && value >= 128) {
2241 tmps = (char*)uv_to_utf8((U8*)tmps, (UV)value);
2242 SvCUR_set(TARG, tmps - SvPVX(TARG));
2244 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
2254 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
2261 djSP; dTARGET; dPOPTOPssrl;
2264 char *tmps = SvPV(left, n_a);
2266 sv_setpv(TARG, fcrypt(tmps, SvPV(right, n_a)));
2268 sv_setpv(TARG, PerlProc_crypt(tmps, SvPV(right, n_a)));
2272 "The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia.");
2285 if (IN_UTF8 && (s = (U8*)SvPV(sv, slen)) && slen && (*s & 0xc0) == 0xc0) {
2289 UV uv = utf8_to_uv(s, &ulen);
2291 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE) {
2294 uv = toTITLE_LC_uni(uv);
2297 uv = toTITLE_utf8(s);
2299 tend = uv_to_utf8(tmpbuf, uv);
2301 if (!SvPADTMP(sv) || tend - tmpbuf != ulen) {
2303 sv_setpvn(TARG, (char*)tmpbuf, tend - tmpbuf);
2304 sv_catpvn(TARG, (char*)(s + ulen), slen - ulen);
2308 s = (U8*)SvPV_force(sv, slen);
2309 Copy(tmpbuf, s, ulen, U8);
2312 if (!SvPADTMP(sv)) {
2318 s = (U8*)SvPV_force(sv, slen);
2320 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE) {
2323 *s = toUPPER_LC(*s);
2341 if (IN_UTF8 && (s = (U8*)SvPV(sv, slen)) && slen && (*s & 0xc0) == 0xc0) {
2345 UV uv = utf8_to_uv(s, &ulen);
2347 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE) {
2350 uv = toLOWER_LC_uni(uv);
2353 uv = toLOWER_utf8(s);
2355 tend = uv_to_utf8(tmpbuf, uv);
2357 if (!SvPADTMP(sv) || tend - tmpbuf != ulen) {
2359 sv_setpvn(TARG, (char*)tmpbuf, tend - tmpbuf);
2360 sv_catpvn(TARG, (char*)(s + ulen), slen - ulen);
2364 s = (U8*)SvPV_force(sv, slen);
2365 Copy(tmpbuf, s, ulen, U8);
2368 if (!SvPADTMP(sv)) {
2374 s = (U8*)SvPV_force(sv, slen);
2376 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE) {
2379 *s = toLOWER_LC(*s);
2404 s = (U8*)SvPV(sv,len);
2406 sv_setpvn(TARG, "", 0);
2409 (void)SvUPGRADE(TARG, SVt_PV);
2410 SvGROW(TARG, (len * 2) + 1);
2411 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
2412 d = (U8*)SvPVX(TARG);
2414 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE) {
2418 d = uv_to_utf8(d, toUPPER_LC_uni( utf8_to_uv(s, &ulen)));
2424 d = uv_to_utf8(d, toUPPER_utf8( s ));
2429 SvCUR_set(TARG, d - (U8*)SvPVX(TARG));
2433 if (!SvPADTMP(sv)) {
2439 s = (U8*)SvPV_force(sv, len);
2441 register U8 *send = s + len;
2443 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE) {
2446 for (; s < send; s++)
2447 *s = toUPPER_LC(*s);
2450 for (; s < send; s++)
2473 s = (U8*)SvPV(sv,len);
2475 sv_setpvn(TARG, "", 0);
2478 (void)SvUPGRADE(TARG, SVt_PV);
2479 SvGROW(TARG, (len * 2) + 1);
2480 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
2481 d = (U8*)SvPVX(TARG);
2483 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE) {
2487 d = uv_to_utf8(d, toLOWER_LC_uni( utf8_to_uv(s, &ulen)));
2493 d = uv_to_utf8(d, toLOWER_utf8(s));
2498 SvCUR_set(TARG, d - (U8*)SvPVX(TARG));
2502 if (!SvPADTMP(sv)) {
2509 s = (U8*)SvPV_force(sv, len);
2511 register U8 *send = s + len;
2513 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLOCALE) {
2516 for (; s < send; s++)
2517 *s = toLOWER_LC(*s);
2520 for (; s < send; s++)
2535 register char *s = SvPV(sv,len);
2539 (void)SvUPGRADE(TARG, SVt_PV);
2540 SvGROW(TARG, (len * 2) + 1);
2545 STRLEN ulen = UTF8SKIP(s);
2568 SvCUR_set(TARG, d - SvPVX(TARG));
2569 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
2572 sv_setpvn(TARG, s, len);
2574 if (SvSMAGICAL(TARG))
2583 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
2585 register AV* av = (AV*)POPs;
2586 register I32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
2587 I32 arybase = PL_curcop->cop_arybase;
2590 if (SvTYPE(av) == SVt_PVAV) {
2591 if (lval && PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) {
2593 for (svp = MARK + 1; svp <= SP; svp++) {
2598 if (max > AvMAX(av))
2601 while (++MARK <= SP) {
2602 elem = SvIVx(*MARK);
2606 svp = av_fetch(av, elem, lval);
2608 if (!svp || *svp == &PL_sv_undef)
2609 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_aelem, elem);
2610 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
2611 save_aelem(av, elem, svp);
2613 *MARK = svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef;
2616 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
2624 /* Associative arrays. */
2629 HV *hash = (HV*)POPs;
2631 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2632 I32 realhv = (SvTYPE(hash) == SVt_PVHV);
2635 /* might clobber stack_sp */
2636 entry = realhv ? hv_iternext(hash) : avhv_iternext((AV*)hash);
2641 PUSHs(hv_iterkeysv(entry)); /* won't clobber stack_sp */
2642 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
2644 /* might clobber stack_sp */
2645 sv_setsv(TARG, realhv ?
2646 hv_iterval(hash, entry) : avhv_iterval((AV*)hash, entry));
2651 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR)
2670 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2671 I32 discard = (gimme == G_VOID) ? G_DISCARD : 0;
2675 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpSLICE) {
2679 hvtype = SvTYPE(hv);
2680 while (++MARK <= SP) {
2681 if (hvtype == SVt_PVHV)
2682 sv = hv_delete_ent(hv, *MARK, discard, 0);
2684 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a HASH reference");
2685 *MARK = sv ? sv : &PL_sv_undef;
2689 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
2698 if (SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV)
2699 sv = hv_delete_ent(hv, keysv, discard, 0);
2701 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a HASH reference");
2715 if (SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2716 if (hv_exists_ent(hv, tmpsv, 0))
2719 else if (SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVAV) {
2720 if (avhv_exists_ent((AV*)hv, tmpsv, 0))
2724 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a HASH reference");
2731 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
2732 register HV *hv = (HV*)POPs;
2733 register I32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
2734 I32 realhv = (SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV);
2736 if (!realhv && PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
2737 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't localize pseudo-hash element");
2739 if (realhv || SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVAV) {
2740 while (++MARK <= SP) {
2744 HE *he = hv_fetch_ent(hv, keysv, lval, 0);
2745 svp = he ? &HeVAL(he) : 0;
2748 svp = avhv_fetch_ent((AV*)hv, keysv, lval, 0);
2751 if (!svp || *svp == &PL_sv_undef) {
2753 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_helem, SvPV(keysv, n_a));
2755 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
2756 save_helem(hv, keysv, svp);
2758 *MARK = svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef;
2761 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
2769 /* List operators. */
2774 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
2776 *MARK = *SP; /* unwanted list, return last item */
2778 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
2787 SV **lastrelem = PL_stack_sp;
2788 SV **lastlelem = PL_stack_base + POPMARK;
2789 SV **firstlelem = PL_stack_base + POPMARK + 1;
2790 register SV **firstrelem = lastlelem + 1;
2791 I32 arybase = PL_curcop->cop_arybase;
2792 I32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
2793 I32 is_something_there = lval;
2795 register I32 max = lastrelem - lastlelem;
2796 register SV **lelem;
2799 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
2800 ix = SvIVx(*lastlelem);
2805 if (ix < 0 || ix >= max)
2806 *firstlelem = &PL_sv_undef;
2808 *firstlelem = firstrelem[ix];
2814 SP = firstlelem - 1;
2818 for (lelem = firstlelem; lelem <= lastlelem; lelem++) {
2824 if (ix < 0 || ix >= max)
2825 *lelem = &PL_sv_undef;
2827 is_something_there = TRUE;
2828 if (!(*lelem = firstrelem[ix]))
2829 *lelem = &PL_sv_undef;
2832 if (is_something_there)
2835 SP = firstlelem - 1;
2841 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
2842 I32 items = SP - MARK;
2843 SV *av = sv_2mortal((SV*)av_make(items, MARK+1));
2844 SP = ORIGMARK; /* av_make() might realloc stack_sp */
2851 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
2852 HV* hv = (HV*)sv_2mortal((SV*)newHV());
2856 SV *val = NEWSV(46, 0);
2858 sv_setsv(val, *++MARK);
2859 else if (ckWARN(WARN_UNSAFE))
2860 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNSAFE, "Odd number of elements in hash assignment");
2861 (void)hv_store_ent(hv,key,val,0);
2870 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
2871 register AV *ary = (AV*)*++MARK;
2875 register I32 offset;
2876 register I32 length;
2883 if (mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)ary, 'P')) {
2884 *MARK-- = SvTIED_obj((SV*)ary, mg);
2888 call_method("SPLICE",GIMME_V);
2897 offset = i = SvIVx(*MARK);
2899 offset += AvFILLp(ary) + 1;
2901 offset -= PL_curcop->cop_arybase;
2903 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_aelem, i);
2905 length = SvIVx(*MARK++);
2907 length += AvFILLp(ary) - offset + 1;
2913 length = AvMAX(ary) + 1; /* close enough to infinity */
2917 length = AvMAX(ary) + 1;
2919 if (offset > AvFILLp(ary) + 1)
2920 offset = AvFILLp(ary) + 1;
2921 after = AvFILLp(ary) + 1 - (offset + length);
2922 if (after < 0) { /* not that much array */
2923 length += after; /* offset+length now in array */
2929 /* At this point, MARK .. SP-1 is our new LIST */
2932 diff = newlen - length;
2933 if (newlen && !AvREAL(ary) && AvREIFY(ary))
2936 if (diff < 0) { /* shrinking the area */
2938 New(451, tmparyval, newlen, SV*); /* so remember insertion */
2939 Copy(MARK, tmparyval, newlen, SV*);
2942 MARK = ORIGMARK + 1;
2943 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY) { /* copy return vals to stack */
2944 MEXTEND(MARK, length);
2945 Copy(AvARRAY(ary)+offset, MARK, length, SV*);
2947 EXTEND_MORTAL(length);
2948 for (i = length, dst = MARK; i; i--) {
2949 sv_2mortal(*dst); /* free them eventualy */
2956 *MARK = AvARRAY(ary)[offset+length-1];
2959 for (i = length - 1, dst = &AvARRAY(ary)[offset]; i > 0; i--)
2960 SvREFCNT_dec(*dst++); /* free them now */
2963 AvFILLp(ary) += diff;
2965 /* pull up or down? */
2967 if (offset < after) { /* easier to pull up */
2968 if (offset) { /* esp. if nothing to pull */
2969 src = &AvARRAY(ary)[offset-1];
2970 dst = src - diff; /* diff is negative */
2971 for (i = offset; i > 0; i--) /* can't trust Copy */
2975 SvPVX(ary) = (char*)(AvARRAY(ary) - diff); /* diff is negative */
2979 if (after) { /* anything to pull down? */
2980 src = AvARRAY(ary) + offset + length;
2981 dst = src + diff; /* diff is negative */
2982 Move(src, dst, after, SV*);
2984 dst = &AvARRAY(ary)[AvFILLp(ary)+1];
2985 /* avoid later double free */
2989 dst[--i] = &PL_sv_undef;
2992 for (src = tmparyval, dst = AvARRAY(ary) + offset;
2994 *dst = NEWSV(46, 0);
2995 sv_setsv(*dst++, *src++);
2997 Safefree(tmparyval);
3000 else { /* no, expanding (or same) */
3002 New(452, tmparyval, length, SV*); /* so remember deletion */
3003 Copy(AvARRAY(ary)+offset, tmparyval, length, SV*);
3006 if (diff > 0) { /* expanding */
3008 /* push up or down? */
3010 if (offset < after && diff <= AvARRAY(ary) - AvALLOC(ary)) {
3014 Move(src, dst, offset, SV*);
3016 SvPVX(ary) = (char*)(AvARRAY(ary) - diff);/* diff is positive */
3018 AvFILLp(ary) += diff;
3021 if (AvFILLp(ary) + diff >= AvMAX(ary)) /* oh, well */
3022 av_extend(ary, AvFILLp(ary) + diff);
3023 AvFILLp(ary) += diff;
3026 dst = AvARRAY(ary) + AvFILLp(ary);
3028 for (i = after; i; i--) {
3035 for (src = MARK, dst = AvARRAY(ary) + offset; newlen; newlen--) {
3036 *dst = NEWSV(46, 0);
3037 sv_setsv(*dst++, *src++);
3039 MARK = ORIGMARK + 1;
3040 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY) { /* copy return vals to stack */
3042 Copy(tmparyval, MARK, length, SV*);
3044 EXTEND_MORTAL(length);
3045 for (i = length, dst = MARK; i; i--) {
3046 sv_2mortal(*dst); /* free them eventualy */
3050 Safefree(tmparyval);
3054 else if (length--) {
3055 *MARK = tmparyval[length];
3058 while (length-- > 0)
3059 SvREFCNT_dec(tmparyval[length]);
3061 Safefree(tmparyval);
3064 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
3072 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
3073 register AV *ary = (AV*)*++MARK;
3074 register SV *sv = &PL_sv_undef;
3077 if (mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)ary, 'P')) {
3078 *MARK-- = SvTIED_obj((SV*)ary, mg);
3082 call_method("PUSH",G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
3087 /* Why no pre-extend of ary here ? */
3088 for (++MARK; MARK <= SP; MARK++) {
3091 sv_setsv(sv, *MARK);
3096 PUSHi( AvFILL(ary) + 1 );
3104 SV *sv = av_pop(av);
3106 (void)sv_2mortal(sv);
3115 SV *sv = av_shift(av);
3120 (void)sv_2mortal(sv);
3127 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
3128 register AV *ary = (AV*)*++MARK;
3133 if (mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)ary, 'P')) {
3134 *MARK-- = SvTIED_obj((SV*)ary, mg);
3138 call_method("UNSHIFT",G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
3143 av_unshift(ary, SP - MARK);
3146 sv_setsv(sv, *++MARK);
3147 (void)av_store(ary, i++, sv);
3151 PUSHi( AvFILL(ary) + 1 );
3161 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY) {
3172 register char *down;
3178 do_join(TARG, &PL_sv_no, MARK, SP);
3180 sv_setsv(TARG, (SP > MARK) ? *SP : DEFSV);
3181 up = SvPV_force(TARG, len);
3183 if (IN_UTF8) { /* first reverse each character */
3184 U8* s = (U8*)SvPVX(TARG);
3185 U8* send = (U8*)(s + len);
3194 down = (char*)(s - 1);
3195 if (s > send || !((*down & 0xc0) == 0x80)) {
3196 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 character");
3208 down = SvPVX(TARG) + len - 1;
3214 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
3223 S_mul128(pTHX_ SV *sv, U8 m)
3226 char *s = SvPV(sv, len);
3230 if (!strnEQ(s, "0000", 4)) { /* need to grow sv */
3231 SV *tmpNew = newSVpvn("0000000000", 10);
3233 sv_catsv(tmpNew, sv);
3234 SvREFCNT_dec(sv); /* free old sv */
3239 while (!*t) /* trailing '\0'? */
3242 i = ((*t - '0') << 7) + m;
3243 *(t--) = '0' + (i % 10);
3249 /* Explosives and implosives. */
3251 #if 'I' == 73 && 'J' == 74
3252 /* On an ASCII/ISO kind of system */
3253 #define ISUUCHAR(ch) ((ch) >= ' ' && (ch) < 'a')
3256 Some other sort of character set - use memchr() so we don't match
3259 #define ISUUCHAR(ch) (memchr(PL_uuemap, (ch), sizeof(PL_uuemap)-1) || (ch) == ' ')
3267 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
3271 register char *pat = SvPV(left, llen);
3272 register char *s = SvPV(right, rlen);
3273 char *strend = s + rlen;
3275 register char *patend = pat + llen;
3280 /* These must not be in registers: */
3297 register U32 culong;
3300 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
3301 int natint; /* native integer */
3302 int unatint; /* unsigned native integer */
3305 if (gimme != G_ARRAY) { /* arrange to do first one only */
3307 for (patend = pat; !isALPHA(*patend) || *patend == 'x'; patend++) ;
3308 if (strchr("aAZbBhHP", *patend) || *pat == '%') {
3310 while (isDIGIT(*patend) || *patend == '*')
3316 while (pat < patend) {
3318 datumtype = *pat++ & 0xFF;
3319 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
3322 if (isSPACE(datumtype))
3325 char *natstr = "sSiIlL";
3327 if (strchr(natstr, datumtype)) {
3328 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
3334 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'!' allowed only after types %s", natstr);
3338 else if (*pat == '*') {
3339 len = strend - strbeg; /* long enough */
3342 else if (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
3344 while (isDIGIT(*pat))
3345 len = (len * 10) + (*pat++ - '0');
3348 len = (datumtype != '@');
3351 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type in unpack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
3352 case ',': /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
3353 if (commas++ == 0 && ckWARN(WARN_UNSAFE))
3354 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNSAFE, "Invalid type in unpack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
3357 if (len == 1 && pat[-1] != '1')
3366 if (len > strend - strbeg)
3367 DIE(aTHX_ "@ outside of string");
3371 if (len > s - strbeg)
3372 DIE(aTHX_ "X outside of string");
3376 if (len > strend - s)
3377 DIE(aTHX_ "x outside of string");
3383 if (len > strend - s)
3386 goto uchar_checksum;
3387 sv = NEWSV(35, len);
3388 sv_setpvn(sv, s, len);
3390 if (datumtype == 'A' || datumtype == 'Z') {
3391 aptr = s; /* borrow register */
3392 if (datumtype == 'Z') { /* 'Z' strips stuff after first null */
3397 else { /* 'A' strips both nulls and spaces */
3398 s = SvPVX(sv) + len - 1;
3399 while (s >= SvPVX(sv) && (!*s || isSPACE(*s)))
3403 SvCUR_set(sv, s - SvPVX(sv));
3404 s = aptr; /* unborrow register */
3406 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3410 if (pat[-1] == '*' || len > (strend - s) * 8)
3411 len = (strend - s) * 8;
3414 Newz(601, PL_bitcount, 256, char);
3415 for (bits = 1; bits < 256; bits++) {
3416 if (bits & 1) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
3417 if (bits & 2) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
3418 if (bits & 4) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
3419 if (bits & 8) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
3420 if (bits & 16) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
3421 if (bits & 32) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
3422 if (bits & 64) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
3423 if (bits & 128) PL_bitcount[bits]++;
3427 culong += PL_bitcount[*(unsigned char*)s++];
3432 if (datumtype == 'b') {
3434 if (bits & 1) culong++;
3440 if (bits & 128) culong++;
3447 sv = NEWSV(35, len + 1);
3450 aptr = pat; /* borrow register */
3452 if (datumtype == 'b') {
3454 for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
3455 if (len & 7) /*SUPPRESS 595*/
3459 *pat++ = '0' + (bits & 1);
3464 for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
3469 *pat++ = '0' + ((bits & 128) != 0);
3473 pat = aptr; /* unborrow register */
3474 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3478 if (pat[-1] == '*' || len > (strend - s) * 2)
3479 len = (strend - s) * 2;
3480 sv = NEWSV(35, len + 1);
3483 aptr = pat; /* borrow register */
3485 if (datumtype == 'h') {
3487 for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
3492 *pat++ = PL_hexdigit[bits & 15];
3497 for (len = 0; len < aint; len++) {
3502 *pat++ = PL_hexdigit[(bits >> 4) & 15];
3506 pat = aptr; /* unborrow register */
3507 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3510 if (len > strend - s)
3515 if (aint >= 128) /* fake up signed chars */
3525 if (aint >= 128) /* fake up signed chars */
3528 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint);
3529 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3534 if (len > strend - s)
3549 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)auint);
3550 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3555 if (len > strend - s)
3558 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
3559 auint = utf8_to_uv((U8*)s, &along);
3562 cdouble += (double)auint;
3570 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
3571 auint = utf8_to_uv((U8*)s, &along);
3574 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint);
3575 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3580 #if SHORTSIZE == SIZE16
3581 along = (strend - s) / SIZE16;
3583 along = (strend - s) / (natint ? sizeof(short) : SIZE16);
3588 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
3591 COPYNN(s, &ashort, sizeof(short));
3602 #if SHORTSIZE > SIZE16
3614 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
3617 COPYNN(s, &ashort, sizeof(short));
3620 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)ashort);
3621 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3629 #if SHORTSIZE > SIZE16
3635 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)ashort);
3636 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3644 #if SHORTSIZE == SIZE16
3645 along = (strend - s) / SIZE16;
3647 unatint = natint && datumtype == 'S';
3648 along = (strend - s) / (unatint ? sizeof(unsigned short) : SIZE16);
3653 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
3656 COPYNN(s, &aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
3657 s += sizeof(unsigned short);
3665 COPY16(s, &aushort);
3668 if (datumtype == 'n')
3669 aushort = PerlSock_ntohs(aushort);
3672 if (datumtype == 'v')
3673 aushort = vtohs(aushort);
3682 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
3685 COPYNN(s, &aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
3686 s += sizeof(unsigned short);
3688 sv_setiv(sv, (UV)aushort);
3689 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3696 COPY16(s, &aushort);
3700 if (datumtype == 'n')
3701 aushort = PerlSock_ntohs(aushort);
3704 if (datumtype == 'v')
3705 aushort = vtohs(aushort);
3707 sv_setiv(sv, (UV)aushort);
3708 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3714 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(int);
3719 Copy(s, &aint, 1, int);
3722 cdouble += (double)aint;
3731 Copy(s, &aint, 1, int);
3735 /* Without the dummy below unpack("i", pack("i",-1))
3736 * return 0xFFffFFff instead of -1 for Digital Unix V4.0
3737 * cc with optimization turned on.
3739 * The bug was detected in
3740 * DEC C V5.8-009 on Digital UNIX V4.0 (Rev. 1091) (V4.0E)
3741 * with optimization (-O4) turned on.
3742 * DEC C V5.2-040 on Digital UNIX V4.0 (Rev. 564) (V4.0B)
3743 * does not have this problem even with -O4.
3745 * This bug was reported as DECC_BUGS 1431
3746 * and tracked internally as GEM_BUGS 7775.
3748 * The bug is fixed in
3749 * Tru64 UNIX V5.0: Compaq C V6.1-006 or later
3750 * UNIX V4.0F support: DEC C V5.9-006 or later
3751 * UNIX V4.0E support: DEC C V5.8-011 or later
3754 * See also few lines later for the same bug.
3757 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint) :
3759 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aint);
3760 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3765 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(unsigned int);
3770 Copy(s, &auint, 1, unsigned int);
3771 s += sizeof(unsigned int);
3773 cdouble += (double)auint;
3782 Copy(s, &auint, 1, unsigned int);
3783 s += sizeof(unsigned int);
3786 /* Without the dummy below unpack("I", pack("I",0xFFFFFFFF))
3787 * returns 1.84467440737096e+19 instead of 0xFFFFFFFF.
3788 * See details few lines earlier. */
3790 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint) :
3792 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auint);
3793 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3798 #if LONGSIZE == SIZE32
3799 along = (strend - s) / SIZE32;
3801 along = (strend - s) / (natint ? sizeof(long) : SIZE32);
3806 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
3809 COPYNN(s, &along, sizeof(long));
3812 cdouble += (double)along;
3822 #if LONGSIZE > SIZE32
3823 if (along > 2147483647)
3824 along -= 4294967296;
3828 cdouble += (double)along;
3837 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
3840 COPYNN(s, &along, sizeof(long));
3843 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)along);
3844 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3852 #if LONGSIZE > SIZE32
3853 if (along > 2147483647)
3854 along -= 4294967296;
3858 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)along);
3859 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3867 #if LONGSIZE == SIZE32
3868 along = (strend - s) / SIZE32;
3870 unatint = natint && datumtype == 'L';
3871 along = (strend - s) / (unatint ? sizeof(unsigned long) : SIZE32);
3876 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
3879 COPYNN(s, &aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
3880 s += sizeof(unsigned long);
3882 cdouble += (double)aulong;
3894 if (datumtype == 'N')
3895 aulong = PerlSock_ntohl(aulong);
3898 if (datumtype == 'V')
3899 aulong = vtohl(aulong);
3902 cdouble += (double)aulong;
3911 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
3914 COPYNN(s, &aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
3915 s += sizeof(unsigned long);
3917 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)aulong);
3918 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3928 if (datumtype == 'N')
3929 aulong = PerlSock_ntohl(aulong);
3932 if (datumtype == 'V')
3933 aulong = vtohl(aulong);
3936 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)aulong);
3937 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3943 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(char*);
3949 if (sizeof(char*) > strend - s)
3952 Copy(s, &aptr, 1, char*);
3958 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3968 while ((len > 0) && (s < strend)) {
3969 auv = (auv << 7) | (*s & 0x7f);
3970 if (!(*s++ & 0x80)) {
3974 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3978 else if (++bytes >= sizeof(UV)) { /* promote to string */
3982 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%.*Vu", (int)TYPE_DIGITS(UV), auv);
3983 while (s < strend) {
3984 sv = mul128(sv, *s & 0x7f);
3985 if (!(*s++ & 0x80)) {
3994 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
3999 if ((s >= strend) && bytes)
4000 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unterminated compressed integer");
4005 if (sizeof(char*) > strend - s)
4008 Copy(s, &aptr, 1, char*);
4013 sv_setpvn(sv, aptr, len);
4014 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
4018 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(Quad_t);
4024 if (s + sizeof(Quad_t) > strend)
4027 Copy(s, &aquad, 1, Quad_t);
4028 s += sizeof(Quad_t);
4031 if (aquad >= IV_MIN && aquad <= IV_MAX)
4032 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)aquad);
4034 sv_setnv(sv, (double)aquad);
4035 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
4039 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(Quad_t);
4045 if (s + sizeof(Uquad_t) > strend)
4048 Copy(s, &auquad, 1, Uquad_t);
4049 s += sizeof(Uquad_t);
4052 if (auquad <= UV_MAX)
4053 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)auquad);
4055 sv_setnv(sv, (double)auquad);
4056 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
4060 /* float and double added gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
4063 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(float);
4068 Copy(s, &afloat, 1, float);
4077 Copy(s, &afloat, 1, float);
4080 sv_setnv(sv, (double)afloat);
4081 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
4087 along = (strend - s) / sizeof(double);
4092 Copy(s, &adouble, 1, double);
4093 s += sizeof(double);
4101 Copy(s, &adouble, 1, double);
4102 s += sizeof(double);
4104 sv_setnv(sv, (double)adouble);
4105 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
4111 * Initialise the decode mapping. By using a table driven
4112 * algorithm, the code will be character-set independent
4113 * (and just as fast as doing character arithmetic)
4115 if (PL_uudmap['M'] == 0) {
4118 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(PL_uuemap); i += 1)
4119 PL_uudmap[PL_uuemap[i]] = i;
4121 * Because ' ' and '`' map to the same value,
4122 * we need to decode them both the same.
4127 along = (strend - s) * 3 / 4;
4128 sv = NEWSV(42, along);
4131 while (s < strend && *s > ' ' && ISUUCHAR(*s)) {
4136 len = PL_uudmap[*s++] & 077;
4138 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
4139 a = PL_uudmap[*s++] & 077;
4142 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
4143 b = PL_uudmap[*s++] & 077;
4146 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
4147 c = PL_uudmap[*s++] & 077;
4150 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
4151 d = PL_uudmap[*s++] & 077;
4154 hunk[0] = (a << 2) | (b >> 4);
4155 hunk[1] = (b << 4) | (c >> 2);
4156 hunk[2] = (c << 6) | d;
4157 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
4162 else if (s[1] == '\n') /* possible checksum byte */
4165 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
4170 if (strchr("fFdD", datumtype) ||
4171 (checksum > 32 && strchr("iIlLNU", datumtype)) ) {
4175 while (checksum >= 16) {
4179 while (checksum >= 4) {
4185 along = (1 << checksum) - 1;
4186 while (cdouble < 0.0)
4188 cdouble = modf(cdouble / adouble, &trouble) * adouble;
4189 sv_setnv(sv, cdouble);
4192 if (checksum < 32) {
4193 aulong = (1 << checksum) - 1;
4196 sv_setuv(sv, (UV)culong);
4198 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(sv));
4202 if (SP == oldsp && gimme == G_SCALAR)
4203 PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
4208 S_doencodes(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register char *s, register I32 len)
4212 *hunk = PL_uuemap[len];
4213 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 1);
4216 hunk[0] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (*s >> 2))];
4217 hunk[1] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((*s << 4) & 060) | ((s[1] >> 4) & 017)))];
4218 hunk[2] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[1] << 2) & 074) | ((s[2] >> 6) & 03)))];
4219 hunk[3] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[2] & 077))];
4220 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 4);
4225 char r = (len > 1 ? s[1] : '\0');
4226 hunk[0] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (*s >> 2))];
4227 hunk[1] = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((*s << 4) & 060) | ((r >> 4) & 017)))];
4228 hunk[2] = PL_uuemap[(077 & ((r << 2) & 074))];
4229 hunk[3] = PL_uuemap[0];
4230 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, 4);
4232 sv_catpvn(sv, "\n", 1);
4236 S_is_an_int(pTHX_ char *s, STRLEN l)
4239 SV *result = newSVpvn(s, l);
4240 char *result_c = SvPV(result, n_a); /* convenience */
4241 char *out = result_c;
4251 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
4274 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
4280 SvCUR_set(result, out - result_c);
4284 /* pnum must be '\0' terminated */
4286 S_div128(pTHX_ SV *pnum, bool *done)
4289 char *s = SvPV(pnum, len);
4298 i = m * 10 + (*t - '0');
4300 r = (i >> 7); /* r < 10 */
4307 SvCUR_set(pnum, (STRLEN) (t - s));
4314 djSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
4315 register SV *cat = TARG;
4318 register char *pat = SvPVx(*++MARK, fromlen);
4319 register char *patend = pat + fromlen;
4324 static char null10[] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
4325 static char *space10 = " ";
4327 /* These must not be in registers: */
4342 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
4343 int natint; /* native integer */
4348 sv_setpvn(cat, "", 0);
4349 while (pat < patend) {
4350 #define NEXTFROM (items-- > 0 ? *MARK++ : &PL_sv_no)
4351 datumtype = *pat++ & 0xFF;
4352 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
4355 if (isSPACE(datumtype))
4358 char *natstr = "sSiIlL";
4360 if (strchr(natstr, datumtype)) {
4361 #ifdef PERL_NATINT_PACK
4367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'!' allowed only after types %s", natstr);
4370 len = strchr("@Xxu", datumtype) ? 0 : items;
4373 else if (isDIGIT(*pat)) {
4375 while (isDIGIT(*pat))
4376 len = (len * 10) + (*pat++ - '0');
4382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type in pack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
4383 case ',': /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
4384 if (commas++ == 0 && ckWARN(WARN_UNSAFE))
4385 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNSAFE, "Invalid type in pack: '%c'", (int)datumtype);
4388 DIE(aTHX_ "%% may only be used in unpack");
4399 if (SvCUR(cat) < len)
4400 DIE(aTHX_ "X outside of string");
4407 sv_catpvn(cat, null10, 10);
4410 sv_catpvn(cat, null10, len);
4416 aptr = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
4420 sv_catpvn(cat, aptr, len);
4422 sv_catpvn(cat, aptr, fromlen);
4424 if (datumtype == 'A') {
4426 sv_catpvn(cat, space10, 10);
4429 sv_catpvn(cat, space10, len);
4433 sv_catpvn(cat, null10, 10);
4436 sv_catpvn(cat, null10, len);
4443 char *savepat = pat;
4448 aptr = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
4453 SvCUR(cat) += (len+7)/8;
4454 SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + 1);
4455 aptr = SvPVX(cat) + aint;
4460 if (datumtype == 'B') {
4461 for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
4462 items |= *pat++ & 1;
4466 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
4472 for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
4478 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
4484 if (datumtype == 'B')
4485 items <<= 7 - (aint & 7);
4487 items >>= 7 - (aint & 7);
4488 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
4490 pat = SvPVX(cat) + SvCUR(cat);
4501 char *savepat = pat;
4506 aptr = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
4511 SvCUR(cat) += (len+1)/2;
4512 SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + 1);
4513 aptr = SvPVX(cat) + aint;
4518 if (datumtype == 'H') {
4519 for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
4521 items |= ((*pat++ & 15) + 9) & 15;
4523 items |= *pat++ & 15;
4527 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
4533 for (len = 0; len++ < aint;) {
4535 items |= (((*pat++ & 15) + 9) & 15) << 4;
4537 items |= (*pat++ & 15) << 4;
4541 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
4547 *aptr++ = items & 0xff;
4548 pat = SvPVX(cat) + SvCUR(cat);
4560 aint = SvIV(fromstr);
4562 sv_catpvn(cat, &achar, sizeof(char));
4568 auint = SvUV(fromstr);
4569 SvGROW(cat, SvCUR(cat) + 10);
4570 SvCUR_set(cat, (char*)uv_to_utf8((U8*)SvEND(cat),auint)
4575 /* Float and double added by gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
4580 afloat = (float)SvNV(fromstr);
4581 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&afloat, sizeof (float));
4588 adouble = (double)SvNV(fromstr);
4589 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&adouble, sizeof (double));
4595 ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
4597 ashort = PerlSock_htons(ashort);
4599 CAT16(cat, &ashort);
4605 ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
4607 ashort = htovs(ashort);
4609 CAT16(cat, &ashort);
4613 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
4615 unsigned short aushort;
4619 aushort = SvUV(fromstr);
4620 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&aushort, sizeof(unsigned short));
4630 aushort = (U16)SvUV(fromstr);
4631 CAT16(cat, &aushort);
4637 #if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
4641 ashort = SvIV(fromstr);
4642 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&ashort, sizeof(short));
4650 ashort = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
4651 CAT16(cat, &ashort);
4658 auint = SvUV(fromstr);
4659 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&auint, sizeof(unsigned int));
4665 adouble = floor(SvNV(fromstr));
4668 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress negative numbers");
4674 #ifdef CXUX_BROKEN_CONSTANT_CONVERT
4675 adouble <= UV_MAX_cxux
4682 char buf[1 + sizeof(UV)];
4683 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
4684 UV auv = U_V(adouble);
4687 *--in = (auv & 0x7f) | 0x80;
4690 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
4691 sv_catpvn(cat, in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
4693 else if (SvPOKp(fromstr)) { /* decimal string arithmetics */
4694 char *from, *result, *in;
4699 /* Copy string and check for compliance */
4700 from = SvPV(fromstr, len);
4701 if ((norm = is_an_int(from, len)) == NULL)
4702 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "can compress only unsigned integer");
4704 New('w', result, len, char);
4708 *--in = div128(norm, &done) | 0x80;
4709 result[len - 1] &= 0x7F; /* clear continue bit */
4710 sv_catpvn(cat, in, (result + len) - in);
4712 SvREFCNT_dec(norm); /* free norm */
4714 else if (SvNOKp(fromstr)) {
4715 char buf[sizeof(double) * 2]; /* 8/7 <= 2 */
4716 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
4719 double next = floor(adouble / 128);
4720 *--in = (unsigned char)(adouble - (next * 128)) | 0x80;
4721 if (--in < buf) /* this cannot happen ;-) */
4722 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress integer");
4724 } while (adouble > 0);
4725 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
4726 sv_catpvn(cat, in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
4729 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress non integer");
4735 aint = SvIV(fromstr);
4736 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aint, sizeof(int));
4742 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
4744 aulong = PerlSock_htonl(aulong);
4746 CAT32(cat, &aulong);
4752 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
4754 aulong = htovl(aulong);
4756 CAT32(cat, &aulong);
4760 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
4764 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
4765 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&aulong, sizeof(unsigned long));
4773 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
4774 CAT32(cat, &aulong);
4779 #if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
4783 along = SvIV(fromstr);
4784 sv_catpvn(cat, (char *)&along, sizeof(long));
4792 along = SvIV(fromstr);
4801 auquad = (Uquad_t)SvIV(fromstr);
4802 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&auquad, sizeof(Uquad_t));
4808 aquad = (Quad_t)SvIV(fromstr);
4809 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aquad, sizeof(Quad_t));
4812 #endif /* HAS_QUAD */
4814 len = 1; /* assume SV is correct length */
4819 if (fromstr == &PL_sv_undef)
4823 /* XXX better yet, could spirit away the string to
4824 * a safe spot and hang on to it until the result
4825 * of pack() (and all copies of the result) are
4828 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNSAFE) && (SvTEMP(fromstr) || SvPADTMP(fromstr)))
4829 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNSAFE,
4830 "Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value");
4831 if (SvPOK(fromstr) || SvNIOK(fromstr))
4832 aptr = SvPV(fromstr,n_a);
4834 aptr = SvPV_force(fromstr,n_a);
4836 sv_catpvn(cat, (char*)&aptr, sizeof(char*));
4841 aptr = SvPV(fromstr, fromlen);
4842 SvGROW(cat, fromlen * 4 / 3);
4847 while (fromlen > 0) {
4854 doencodes(cat, aptr, todo);
4873 register I32 limit = POPi; /* note, negative is forever */
4876 register char *s = SvPV(sv, len);
4877 char *strend = s + len;
4879 register REGEXP *rx;
4883 I32 maxiters = (strend - s) + 10;
4886 I32 origlimit = limit;
4889 AV *oldstack = PL_curstack;
4890 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
4891 I32 oldsave = PL_savestack_ix;
4892 I32 make_mortal = 1;
4893 MAGIC *mg = (MAGIC *) NULL;
4896 Copy(&LvTARGOFF(POPs), &pm, 1, PMOP*);
4901 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: do_split");
4902 rx = pm->op_pmregexp;
4904 TAINT_IF((pm->op_pmflags & PMf_LOCALE) &&
4905 (pm->op_pmflags & (PMf_WHITE | PMf_SKIPWHITE)));
4907 if (pm->op_pmreplroot)
4908 ary = GvAVn((GV*)pm->op_pmreplroot);
4909 else if (gimme != G_ARRAY)
4911 ary = (AV*)PL_curpad[0];
4913 ary = GvAVn(PL_defgv);
4914 #endif /* USE_THREADS */
4917 if (ary && (gimme != G_ARRAY || (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE))) {
4923 if (mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)ary, 'P')) {
4925 XPUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)ary, mg));
4930 for (i = AvFILLp(ary); i >= 0; i--)
4931 AvARRAY(ary)[i] = &PL_sv_undef; /* don't free mere refs */
4933 /* temporarily switch stacks */
4934 SWITCHSTACK(PL_curstack, ary);
4938 base = SP - PL_stack_base;
4940 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_SKIPWHITE) {
4941 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_LOCALE) {
4942 while (isSPACE_LC(*s))
4950 if (pm->op_pmflags & (PMf_MULTILINE|PMf_SINGLELINE)) {
4951 SAVEINT(PL_multiline);
4952 PL_multiline = pm->op_pmflags & PMf_MULTILINE;
4956 limit = maxiters + 2;
4957 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_WHITE) {
4960 while (m < strend &&
4961 !((pm->op_pmflags & PMf_LOCALE)
4962 ? isSPACE_LC(*m) : isSPACE(*m)))
4967 dstr = NEWSV(30, m-s);
4968 sv_setpvn(dstr, s, m-s);
4974 while (s < strend &&
4975 ((pm->op_pmflags & PMf_LOCALE)
4976 ? isSPACE_LC(*s) : isSPACE(*s)))
4980 else if (strEQ("^", rx->precomp)) {
4983 for (m = s; m < strend && *m != '\n'; m++) ;
4987 dstr = NEWSV(30, m-s);
4988 sv_setpvn(dstr, s, m-s);
4995 else if (rx->check_substr && !rx->nparens
4996 && (rx->reganch & ROPT_CHECK_ALL)
4997 && !(rx->reganch & ROPT_ANCH)) {
4998 int tail = SvTAIL(rx->check_substr) != 0;
5000 i = SvCUR(rx->check_substr);
5001 if (i == 1 && !tail) {
5002 i = *SvPVX(rx->check_substr);
5005 for (m = s; m < strend && *m != i; m++) ;
5008 dstr = NEWSV(30, m-s);
5009 sv_setpvn(dstr, s, m-s);
5018 while (s < strend && --limit &&
5019 (m=fbm_instr((unsigned char*)s, (unsigned char*)strend,
5020 rx->check_substr, PL_multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0)) )
5023 dstr = NEWSV(31, m-s);
5024 sv_setpvn(dstr, s, m-s);
5028 s = m + i - tail; /* Fake \n at the end */
5033 maxiters += (strend - s) * rx->nparens;
5034 while (s < strend && --limit &&
5035 CALLREGEXEC(aTHX_ rx, s, strend, orig, 1, sv, NULL, 0))
5037 TAINT_IF(RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx));
5038 if (RX_MATCH_COPIED(rx) && rx->subbeg != orig) {
5043 strend = s + (strend - m);
5045 m = rx->startp[0] + orig;
5046 dstr = NEWSV(32, m-s);
5047 sv_setpvn(dstr, s, m-s);
5052 for (i = 1; i <= rx->nparens; i++) {
5053 s = rx->startp[i] + orig;
5054 m = rx->endp[i] + orig;
5056 dstr = NEWSV(33, m-s);
5057 sv_setpvn(dstr, s, m-s);
5060 dstr = NEWSV(33, 0);
5066 s = rx->endp[0] + orig;
5070 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
5071 iters = (SP - PL_stack_base) - base;
5072 if (iters > maxiters)
5073 DIE(aTHX_ "Split loop");
5075 /* keep field after final delim? */
5076 if (s < strend || (iters && origlimit)) {
5077 dstr = NEWSV(34, strend-s);
5078 sv_setpvn(dstr, s, strend-s);
5084 else if (!origlimit) {
5085 while (iters > 0 && (!TOPs || !SvANY(TOPs) || SvCUR(TOPs) == 0))
5091 SWITCHSTACK(ary, oldstack);
5092 if (SvSMAGICAL(ary)) {
5097 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
5099 Copy(AvARRAY(ary), SP + 1, iters, SV*);
5107 call_method("PUSH",G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
5110 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
5111 /* EXTEND should not be needed - we just popped them */
5113 for (i=0; i < iters; i++) {
5114 SV **svp = av_fetch(ary, i, FALSE);
5115 PUSHs((svp) ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef);
5122 if (gimme == G_ARRAY)
5125 if (iters || !pm->op_pmreplroot) {
5135 Perl_unlock_condpair(pTHX_ void *svv)
5138 MAGIC *mg = mg_find((SV*)svv, 'm');
5141 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: unlock_condpair unlocking non-mutex");
5142 MUTEX_LOCK(MgMUTEXP(mg));
5143 if (MgOWNER(mg) != thr)
5144 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: unlock_condpair unlocking mutex that we don't own");
5146 COND_SIGNAL(MgOWNERCONDP(mg));
5147 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "0x%lx: unlock 0x%lx\n",
5148 (unsigned long)thr, (unsigned long)svv);)
5149 MUTEX_UNLOCK(MgMUTEXP(mg));
5151 #endif /* USE_THREADS */
5164 mg = condpair_magic(sv);
5165 MUTEX_LOCK(MgMUTEXP(mg));
5166 if (MgOWNER(mg) == thr)
5167 MUTEX_UNLOCK(MgMUTEXP(mg));
5170 COND_WAIT(MgOWNERCONDP(mg), MgMUTEXP(mg));
5172 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "0x%lx: pp_lock lock 0x%lx\n",
5173 (unsigned long)thr, (unsigned long)sv);)
5174 MUTEX_UNLOCK(MgMUTEXP(mg));
5175 save_destructor(Perl_unlock_condpair, sv);
5177 #endif /* USE_THREADS */
5178 if (SvTYPE(retsv) == SVt_PVAV || SvTYPE(retsv) == SVt_PVHV
5179 || SvTYPE(retsv) == SVt_PVCV) {
5180 retsv = refto(retsv);
5191 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
5192 PUSHs(*save_threadsv(PL_op->op_targ));
5194 PUSHs(THREADSV(PL_op->op_targ));
5197 DIE(aTHX_ "tried to access per-thread data in non-threaded perl");
5198 #endif /* USE_THREADS */