3 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
7 Along with the Perl interpreter itself, the Perl distribution installs a
8 range of utilities on your system. There are also several utilities
9 which are used by the Perl distribution itself as part of the install
10 process. This document exists to list all of these utilities, explain
11 what they are for and provide pointers to each module's documentation,
18 =item L<perldoc|perldoc>
20 The main interface to Perl's documentation is C<perldoc>, although
21 if you're reading this, it's more than likely that you've already found
22 it. F<perldoc> will extract and format the documentation from any file
23 in the current directory, any Perl module installed on the system, or
24 any of the standard documentation pages, such as this one. Use
25 C<perldoc E<lt>nameE<gt>> to get information on any of the utilities
26 described in this document.
28 =item L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>
30 If it's run from a terminal, F<perldoc> will usually call F<pod2man> to
31 translate POD (Plain Old Documentation - see L<perlpod> for an
32 explanation) into a manpage, and then run F<man> to display it; if
33 F<man> isn't available, F<pod2text> will be used instead and the output
34 piped through your favourite pager.
36 =item L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>
38 As well as these two, there are two other converters: F<pod2html> will
39 produce HTML pages from POD, and F<pod2latex>, which produces LaTeX
42 =item L<pod2usage|pod2usage>
44 If you just want to know how to use the utilities described here,
45 F<pod2usage> will just extract the "USAGE" section; some of
46 the utilities will automatically call F<pod2usage> on themselves when
47 you call them with C<-help>.
49 =item L<podselect|podselect>
51 F<pod2usage> is a special case of F<podselect>, a utility to extract
52 named sections from documents written in POD. For instance, while
53 utilities have "USAGE" sections, Perl modules usually have "SYNOPSIS"
54 sections: C<podselect -s "SYNOPSIS" ...> will extract this section for
57 =item L<podchecker|podchecker>
59 If you're writing your own documentation in POD, the F<podchecker>
60 utility will look for errors in your markup.
62 =item L<splain|splain>
64 F<splain> is an interface to L<perldiag> - paste in your error message
65 to it, and it'll explain it for you.
67 =item L<roffitall|roffitall>
69 The C<roffitall> utility is not installed on your system but lives in
70 the F<pod/> directory of your Perl source kit; it converts all the
71 documentation from the distribution to F<*roff> format, and produces a
72 typeset PostScript or text file of the whole lot.
78 To help you convert legacy programs to Perl, we've included three
85 F<a2p> converts F<awk> scripts to Perl programs; for example, C<a2p -F:>
86 on the simple F<awk> script C<{print $2}> will produce a Perl program
87 based around this code:
90 ($Fld1,$Fld2) = split(/[:\n]/, $_, 9999);
96 Similarly, F<s2p> converts F<sed> scripts to Perl programs. F<s2p> run
97 on C<s/foo/bar> will produce a Perl program based around this:
105 =item L<find2perl|find2perl>
107 Finally, F<find2perl> translates C<find> commands to Perl equivalents which
108 use the L<File::Find|File::Find> module. As an example,
109 C<find2perl . -user root -perm 4000 -print> produces the following callback
110 subroutine for C<File::Find>:
113 my ($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,$uid,$gid);
114 (($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,$uid,$gid) = lstat($_)) &&
115 $uid == $uid{'root'}) &&
116 (($mode & 0777) == 04000);
122 As well as these filters for converting other languages, the
123 L<pl2pm|pl2pm> utility will help you convert old-style Perl 4 libraries to
124 new-style Perl5 modules.
126 =head2 Administration
130 =item L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
132 To display and change the libnet configuration run the libnetcfg command.
138 There are a set of utilities which help you in developing Perl programs,
139 and in particular, extending Perl with C.
143 =item L<perlbug|perlbug>
145 F<perlbug> is the recommended way to report bugs in the perl interpreter
146 itself or any of the standard library modules back to the developers;
147 please read through the documentation for F<perlbug> thoroughly before
148 using it to submit a bug report.
152 Back before Perl had the XS system for connecting with C libraries,
153 programmers used to get library constants by reading through the C
154 header files. You may still see C<require 'syscall.ph'> or similar
155 around - the F<.ph> file should be created by running F<h2ph> on the
156 corresponding F<.h> file. See the F<h2ph> documentation for more on how
157 to convert a whole bunch of header files at once.
159 =item L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>
161 F<c2ph> and F<pstruct>, which are actually the same program but behave
162 differently depending on how they are called, provide another way of
163 getting at C with Perl - they'll convert C structures and union declarations
164 to Perl code. This is deprecated in favour of F<h2xs> these days.
168 F<h2xs> converts C header files into XS modules, and will try and write
169 as much glue between C libraries and Perl modules as it can. It's also
170 very useful for creating skeletons of pure Perl modules.
172 =item L<dprofpp|dprofpp>
174 Perl comes with a profiler, the F<Devel::DProf> module. The
175 F<dprofpp> utility analyzes the output of this profiler and tells you
176 which subroutines are taking up the most run time. See L<Devel::DProf>
177 for more information.
179 =item L<perlcc|perlcc>
181 F<perlcc> is the interface to the experimental Perl compiler suite.
187 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man>, L<perlpod>,
188 L<pod2html|pod2html>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>, L<podselect|podselect>,
189 L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>, L<perldiag>,
190 L<roffitall|roffitall>, L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>,
191 L<File::Find|File::Find>, L<pl2pm|pl2pm>, L<perlbug|perlbug>,
192 L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph>, L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>,
193 L<Devel::DProf>, L<perlcc|perlcc>