2 # !!!!!!! DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE !!!!!!!
3 # This file is autogenerated by buildtoc from all the other pods.
4 # Edit those files and run buildtoc --build-toc to effect changes.
8 perltoc - perl documentation table of contents
12 This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
13 documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
14 through to locate the proper section you're looking for.
16 =head1 BASIC DOCUMENTATION
18 =head2 perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language
30 =item Reference Manual
32 =item Internals and C Language Interface
36 =item Language-Specific
38 =item Platform-Specific
62 =head2 perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl
72 =item Running Perl programs
74 =item Basic syntax overview
76 =item Perl variable types
78 Scalars, Arrays, Hashes
80 =item Variable scoping
82 =item Conditional and looping constructs
84 if, while, for, foreach
86 =item Builtin operators and functions
88 Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic,
93 =item Regular expressions
95 Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions,
96 Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features
98 =item Writing subroutines
102 =item Using Perl modules
110 =head2 perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references
116 =item Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
124 =item Making References
126 =item Using References
144 =item Distribution Conditions
150 =head2 perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook
156 arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes,
157 more elaborate constructs
161 =item COMMON MISTAKES
163 =item CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
165 =item WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS C<use strict>
171 =item ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
175 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
177 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
179 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
183 =item HASHES OF ARRAYS
187 =item Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
189 =item Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
191 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
195 =item ARRAYS OF HASHES
199 =item Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
201 =item Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
203 =item Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
207 =item HASHES OF HASHES
211 =item Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
213 =item Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
215 =item Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
219 =item MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
223 =item Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
225 =item Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
227 =item Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
239 =head2 perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl
247 =item Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
249 =item Growing Your Own
251 =item Access and Printing
263 =head2 perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start
273 =item Simple word matching
275 =item Using character classes
277 =item Matching this or that
279 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
281 =item Extracting matches
283 =item Matching repetitions
287 =item Search and replace
289 =item The split operator
297 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
301 =item Acknowledgments
307 =head2 perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial
313 =item Part 1: The basics
317 =item Simple word matching
319 =item Using character classes
321 =item Matching this or that
323 =item Grouping things and hierarchical matching
325 =item Extracting matches
327 =item Matching repetitions
329 =item Building a regexp
331 =item Using regular expressions in Perl
335 =item Part 2: Power tools
339 =item More on characters, strings, and character classes
341 =item Compiling and saving regular expressions
343 =item Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
345 =item Non-capturing groupings
347 =item Looking ahead and looking behind
349 =item Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
351 =item Conditional expressions
353 =item A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
355 =item Pragmas and debugging
363 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
367 =item Acknowledgments
373 =head2 perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial
381 =item If we could talk to the animals...
383 =item Introducing the method invocation arrow
385 =item Invoking a barnyard
387 =item The extra parameter of method invocation
389 =item Calling a second method to simplify things
391 =item Inheriting the windpipes
393 =item A few notes about @ISA
395 =item Overriding the methods
397 =item Starting the search from a different place
399 =item The SUPER way of doing things
401 =item Where we're at so far...
403 =item A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
405 =item Invoking an instance method
407 =item Accessing the instance data
409 =item How to build a horse
411 =item Inheriting the constructor
413 =item Making a method work with either classes or instances
415 =item Adding parameters to a method
417 =item More interesting instances
419 =item A horse of a different color
431 =head2 perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl
437 =item Creating a Class
441 =item Object Representation
443 =item Class Interface
445 =item Constructors and Instance Methods
447 =item Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
451 =item Other Object Methods
459 =item Accessing Class Data
461 =item Debugging Methods
463 =item Class Destructors
465 =item Documenting the Interface
475 =item Overridden Methods
477 =item Multiple Inheritance
479 =item UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
483 =item Alternate Object Representations
487 =item Arrays as Objects
489 =item Closures as Objects
493 =item AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
497 =item Autoloaded Data Methods
499 =item Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
503 =item Metaclassical Tools
509 =item Data Members as Variables
517 =item Object Terminology
523 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
529 =item Acknowledgments
535 =head2 perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl
541 =item Class Data in a Can
543 =item Class Data as Package Variables
547 =item Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
549 =item Inheritance Concerns
551 =item The Eponymous Meta-Object
553 =item Indirect References to Class Data
555 =item Monadic Classes
557 =item Translucent Attributes
561 =item Class Data as Lexical Variables
565 =item Privacy and Responsibility
567 =item File-Scoped Lexicals
569 =item More Inheritance Concerns
571 =item Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
573 =item Translucency Revisited
581 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
583 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
589 =head2 perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)
595 =item OO SCALING TIPS
597 =item INSTANCE VARIABLES
599 =item SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
601 =item INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
603 =item OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
605 =item OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
607 =item USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
609 =item THINKING OF CODE REUSE
611 =item CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
613 =item INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
621 =head2 perlstyle - Perl style guide
629 =head2 perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet
641 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
649 =head2 perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary
667 =item Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
669 Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical
670 Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts,
671 Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc,
672 Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps
674 =item Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
676 Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance,
677 Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix,
678 Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance
682 Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing
684 =item Numerical Traps
686 Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops
688 =item General data type traps
690 (Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String),
691 (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)
693 =item Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
695 (list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)
697 =item Precedence Traps
699 Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence,
702 =item General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
704 Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular
705 Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression,
706 Regular Expression, Regular Expression
708 =item Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
710 (Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle
716 =item Interpolation Traps
718 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation,
719 Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation
725 =item Unclassified Traps
727 C<require>/C<do> trap using returned value, C<split> on empty string with
734 =head2 perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial
742 =item Looking at data and -w and v
746 =item Stepping through code
748 =item Placeholder for a, w, t, T
750 =item REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
768 =head2 perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2004/10/05
777 =item Where to get the perlfaq
779 =item How to contribute to the perlfaq
781 =item What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
788 =item Author and Copyright Information
792 =item Bundled Distributions
798 =item Table of Contents
800 perlfaq - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl, perlfaq2
801 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Programming Tools, perlfaq4
802 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and Formats, perlfaq6 - Regular
803 Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues, perlfaq8 - System
804 Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking
810 =item L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl
812 =item L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
814 =item L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools
816 =item L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation
818 =item L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats
820 =item L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions
822 =item L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues
824 =item L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction
826 =item L<perlfaq9>: Networking
832 =head2 perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.15 $, $Date:
833 2004/10/11 05:06:29 $)
843 =item Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
845 =item Which version of Perl should I use?
847 =item What are perl4 and perl5?
853 =item How stable is Perl?
855 =item Is Perl difficult to learn?
857 =item How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
860 =item Can I do [task] in Perl?
862 =item When shouldn't I program in Perl?
864 =item What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
866 =item Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
868 =item What is a JAPH?
870 =item Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
872 =item How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
873 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
877 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
881 =head2 perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.29 $,
882 $Date: 2004/10/25 18:37:23 $)
890 =item What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
892 =item How can I get a binary version of Perl?
894 =item I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
896 =item I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
899 =item I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic
900 loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
902 =item What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN?
903 What does CPAN/src/... mean?
905 =item Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
907 =item Where can I get information on Perl?
909 =item What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?
911 =item Where should I post source code?
915 References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics
917 =item Perl in Magazines
919 =item Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
921 =item What mailing lists are there for Perl?
923 =item Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
925 =item Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
927 =item Where do I send bug reports?
929 =item What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
933 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
937 =head2 perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.41 $, $Date: 2004/11/03
946 =item How do I do (anything)?
948 =item How can I use Perl interactively?
950 =item Is there a Perl shell?
952 =item How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
954 =item How do I debug my Perl programs?
956 =item How do I profile my Perl programs?
958 =item How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
960 =item Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
962 =item Is there a ctags for Perl?
964 =item Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
966 Eclipse, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, Visual
967 Perl, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright,
968 MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and
971 =item Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
973 =item Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
975 =item How can I use curses with Perl?
977 =item How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
979 =item How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
981 =item How can I make my Perl program run faster?
983 =item How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
985 Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and
986 stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk
988 =item Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
990 =item How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
992 =item How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
994 =item How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
996 =item How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
998 =item How can I compile Perl into Java?
1000 =item How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
1002 =item Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
1004 =item Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
1006 =item Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
1008 =item Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
1010 =item Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
1012 =item I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in
1013 my C program; what am I doing wrong?
1015 =item When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
1017 =item What's MakeMaker?
1021 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1025 =head2 perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.56 $, $Date: 2004/11/03
1036 =item Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the
1037 numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
1039 =item Why is int() broken?
1041 =item Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
1043 =item Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()?
1046 =item How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
1048 How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
1049 hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from
1050 decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert
1051 from decimal to binary
1053 =item Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
1055 =item How do I multiply matrices?
1057 =item How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
1059 =item How can I output Roman numerals?
1061 =item Why aren't my random numbers random?
1063 =item How do I get a random number between X and Y?
1071 =item How do I find the day or week of the year?
1073 =item How do I find the current century or millennium?
1075 =item How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
1077 =item How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
1079 =item How can I find the Julian Day?
1081 =item How do I find yesterday's date?
1083 =item Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?
1091 =item How do I validate input?
1093 =item How do I unescape a string?
1095 =item How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
1097 =item How do I expand function calls in a string?
1099 =item How do I find matching/nesting anything?
1101 =item How do I reverse a string?
1103 =item How do I expand tabs in a string?
1105 =item How do I reformat a paragraph?
1107 =item How can I access or change N characters of a string?
1109 =item How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
1111 =item How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
1114 =item How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
1116 =item How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
1119 =item How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
1121 =item How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
1123 =item How do I extract selected columns from a string?
1125 =item How do I find the soundex value of a string?
1127 =item How can I expand variables in text strings?
1129 =item What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
1131 =item Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work?
1133 There must be no space after the E<lt>E<lt> part, There (probably) should
1134 be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any space in front of
1143 =item What is the difference between a list and an array?
1145 =item What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
1147 =item How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
1151 =item How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
1154 =item How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the
1155 intersection of two arrays?
1157 =item How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
1159 =item How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
1161 =item How do I handle linked lists?
1163 =item How do I handle circular lists?
1165 =item How do I shuffle an array randomly?
1167 =item How do I process/modify each element of an array?
1169 =item How do I select a random element from an array?
1171 =item How do I permute N elements of a list?
1173 =item How do I sort an array by (anything)?
1175 =item How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
1177 =item Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
1181 =item Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
1185 =item How do I process an entire hash?
1187 =item What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over
1190 =item How do I look up a hash element by value?
1192 =item How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
1194 =item How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
1196 =item How can I always keep my hash sorted?
1198 =item What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
1200 =item Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
1202 =item How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
1204 =item How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
1206 =item How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
1208 =item How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
1210 =item Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
1213 =item How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or
1214 array of hashes or arrays?
1216 =item How can I use a reference as a hash key?
1224 =item How do I handle binary data correctly?
1226 =item How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
1228 =item How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
1230 =item How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
1232 =item How do I define methods for every class/object?
1234 =item How do I verify a credit card checksum?
1236 =item How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
1240 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1244 =head2 perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.31 $, $Date: 2004/02/07
1253 =item How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?
1255 =item How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
1256 line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
1258 =item How do I count the number of lines in a file?
1260 =item How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program?
1262 =item How do I make a temporary file name?
1264 =item How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
1266 =item How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass
1267 filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
1269 =item How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
1271 =item How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
1273 =item How can I write() into a string?
1275 =item How can I output my numbers with commas added?
1277 =item How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
1279 =item How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
1281 =item Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use
1284 =item Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
1286 =item How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
1288 =item How can I reliably rename a file?
1290 =item How can I lock a file?
1292 =item Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")?
1294 =item I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in
1295 the file. How can I do this?
1297 =item All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
1298 file. Do I still have to use locking?
1300 =item How do I randomly update a binary file?
1302 =item How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
1304 =item How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
1306 =item How do I print to more than one file at once?
1308 =item How can I read in an entire file all at once?
1310 =item How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
1312 =item How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
1314 =item How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
1316 =item How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl?
1318 =item How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
1320 =item How do I close a file descriptor by number?
1322 =item Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't
1323 `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
1325 =item Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
1327 =item Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber
1328 protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
1330 =item How do I select a random line from a file?
1332 =item Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
1336 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1340 =head2 perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 2004/11/03
1349 =item How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible
1350 and unmaintainable code?
1352 Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters
1354 =item I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
1356 =item How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on
1359 =item I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
1361 =item How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
1364 =item How can I make C<\w> match national character sets?
1366 =item How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>?
1368 =item How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
1370 =item What is C</o> really for?
1372 =item How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
1375 =item Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
1377 =item What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?
1379 =item How do I process each word on each line?
1381 =item How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
1383 =item How can I do approximate matching?
1385 =item How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
1387 =item Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me?
1389 =item Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
1391 =item What good is C<\G> in a regular expression?
1393 =item Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
1395 =item What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
1397 =item How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
1399 =item How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
1403 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1407 =head2 perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date:
1408 2004/11/03 22:54:08 $)
1416 =item Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
1418 =item What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to
1421 =item Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
1424 =item How do I skip some return values?
1426 =item How do I temporarily block warnings?
1428 =item What's an extension?
1430 =item Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
1432 =item How do I declare/create a structure?
1434 =item How do I create a module?
1436 =item How do I create a class?
1438 =item How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
1440 =item What's a closure?
1442 =item What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
1444 =item How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
1447 Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes,
1450 =item How do I create a static variable?
1452 =item What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
1453 Between local() and my()?
1455 =item How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
1458 =item What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
1460 =item Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right?
1462 =item How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
1464 =item What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
1466 =item How do I create a switch or case statement?
1468 =item How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
1471 =item Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
1473 =item How can I find out my current package?
1475 =item How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
1477 =item How do I clear a package?
1479 =item How can I use a variable as a variable name?
1481 =item What does "bad interpreter" mean?
1485 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1489 =head2 perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 2004/10/05
1498 =item How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
1500 =item How come exec() doesn't return?
1502 =item How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
1504 Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
1506 =item How do I print something out in color?
1508 =item How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
1510 =item How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
1512 =item How do I clear the screen?
1514 =item How do I get the screen size?
1516 =item How do I ask the user for a password?
1518 =item How do I read and write the serial port?
1520 lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
1522 =item How do I decode encrypted password files?
1524 =item How do I start a process in the background?
1526 STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
1528 =item How do I trap control characters/signals?
1530 =item How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
1532 =item How do I set the time and date?
1534 =item How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
1536 =item How can I measure time under a second?
1538 =item How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
1540 =item Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What
1541 does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
1543 =item How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
1545 =item Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
1547 =item Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
1549 =item How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
1551 =item Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
1553 =item How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
1555 =item Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
1557 =item What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
1559 =item How can I call backticks without shell processing?
1561 =item Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix,
1564 =item How can I convert my shell script to perl?
1566 =item Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
1568 =item How can I write expect in Perl?
1570 =item Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
1573 =item I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How
1574 come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my
1575 changes to be visible?
1579 =item How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
1582 =item How do I fork a daemon process?
1584 =item How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
1586 =item How do I timeout a slow event?
1588 =item How do I set CPU limits?
1590 =item How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
1592 =item How do I use an SQL database?
1594 =item How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
1596 =item How do I open a file without blocking?
1598 =item How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and perl?
1600 =item How do I install a module from CPAN?
1602 =item What's the difference between require and use?
1604 =item How do I keep my own module/library directory?
1606 =item How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library
1609 =item How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
1611 =item What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
1615 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1619 =head2 perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.16 $, $Date: 2004/10/30 12:20:59
1628 =item What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
1630 =item My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500
1633 =item How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
1635 =item How do I remove HTML from a string?
1637 =item How do I extract URLs?
1639 =item How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a
1640 file on another machine?
1642 =item How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
1644 =item How do I fetch an HTML file?
1646 =item How do I automate an HTML form submission?
1648 =item How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
1650 =item How do I redirect to another page?
1652 =item How do I put a password on my web pages?
1654 =item How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
1656 =item How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my
1657 CGI script to do bad things?
1659 =item How do I parse a mail header?
1661 =item How do I decode a CGI form?
1663 =item How do I check a valid mail address?
1665 =item How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
1667 =item How do I return the user's mail address?
1669 =item How do I send mail?
1671 =item How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
1673 =item How do I read mail?
1675 =item How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
1677 =item How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
1679 =item How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
1681 =item How can I do RPC in Perl?
1685 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
1689 =head2 perlsyn - Perl syntax
1701 =item Simple Statements
1703 =item Truth and Falsehood
1705 =item Statement Modifiers
1707 =item Compound Statements
1715 =item Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
1719 =item PODs: Embedded Documentation
1721 =item Plain Old Comments (Not!)
1727 =head2 perldata - Perl data types
1735 =item Variable names
1741 =item Scalar value constructors
1743 =item List value constructors
1749 =item Typeglobs and Filehandles
1757 =head2 perlop - Perl operators and precedence
1765 =item Operator Precedence and Associativity
1767 =item Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
1769 =item The Arrow Operator
1771 =item Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
1773 =item Exponentiation
1775 =item Symbolic Unary Operators
1777 =item Binding Operators
1779 =item Multiplicative Operators
1781 =item Additive Operators
1783 =item Shift Operators
1785 =item Named Unary Operators
1787 =item Relational Operators
1789 =item Equality Operators
1793 =item Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
1795 =item C-style Logical And
1797 =item C-style Logical Or
1799 =item C-style Logical Defined-Or
1801 =item Range Operators
1803 =item Conditional Operator
1805 =item Assignment Operators
1807 =item Comma Operator
1809 =item List Operators (Rightward)
1815 =item Logical or, Defined or, and Exclusive Or
1817 =item C Operators Missing From Perl
1819 unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
1821 =item Quote and Quote-like Operators
1823 =item Regexp Quote-Like Operators
1825 ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, C<'STRING'>,
1826 qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,
1827 s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,
1828 y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF
1830 =item Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
1832 Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation,
1833 C<<<'EOF'>, C<m''>, C<s'''>, C<tr///>, C<y///>, C<''>, C<q//>, C<"">,
1834 C<``>, C<qq//>, C<qx//>, C<< <file*glob> >>, C<?RE?>, C</RE/>, C<m/RE/>,
1835 C<s/RE/foo/>,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of
1840 =item Constant Folding
1844 =item Bitwise String Operators
1846 =item Integer Arithmetic
1848 =item Floating-point Arithmetic
1850 =item Bigger Numbers
1856 =head2 perlsub - Perl subroutines
1866 =item Private Variables via my()
1868 =item Persistent Private Variables
1870 =item Temporary Values via local()
1872 =item Lvalue subroutines
1874 Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL
1876 =item Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
1878 =item When to Still Use local()
1880 =item Pass by Reference
1884 =item Constant Functions
1886 =item Overriding Built-in Functions
1890 =item Subroutine Attributes
1898 =head2 perlfunc - Perl builtin functions
1906 =item Perl Functions by Category
1908 Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,
1909 Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,
1910 Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed
1911 length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,
1912 Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related
1913 to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process
1914 groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and
1915 object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess
1916 communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network
1917 info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted
1922 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
1924 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, abs VALUE, abs, accept
1925 NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,
1926 binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless
1927 REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp(
1928 LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER,
1929 chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE,
1930 connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT,
1931 dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete
1932 EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump,
1933 each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST,
1934 exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl
1935 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION,
1936 fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin,
1937 getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam
1938 NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname
1939 NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr
1940 ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER,
1941 getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent,
1942 getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent
1943 STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent,
1944 endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET,
1945 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL,
1946 goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex,
1947 import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl
1948 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST,
1949 last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length,
1950 link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR,
1951 lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map
1952 EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget
1953 KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my
1954 TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no
1955 Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct
1956 EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
1957 FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE,
1958 opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR :
1959 ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE,
1960 package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos,
1961 print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST,
1962 printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/,
1963 qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta,
1964 rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read
1965 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR,
1966 readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo,
1967 ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR,
1968 require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir
1969 DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME,
1970 rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir
1971 DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT,
1972 semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send
1973 SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority
1974 WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,
1975 shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,
1976 shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep
1977 EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair
1978 SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,
1979 sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,
1980 splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split
1981 /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format
1982 parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum
1983 width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat
1984 FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME
1985 (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK,
1986 substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr
1987 EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall NUMBER, LIST, sysopen
1988 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread
1989 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek
1990 FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite
1991 FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
1992 syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie
1993 VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate
1994 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR,
1995 ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack
1996 TEMPLATE,EXPR, unpack TEMPLATE, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use
1997 Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use
1998 VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid
1999 PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
2005 =head2 perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl
2011 =item Open E<agrave> la shell
2017 =item Indirect Filehandles
2021 =item The Minus File
2023 =item Mixing Reads and Writes
2029 =item Open E<agrave> la C
2033 =item Permissions E<agrave> la mode
2037 =item Obscure Open Tricks
2041 =item Re-Opening Files (dups)
2043 =item Dispelling the Dweomer
2045 =item Paths as Opens
2047 =item Single Argument Open
2049 =item Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
2053 =item Other I/O Issues
2057 =item Opening Non-File Files
2059 =item Opening Named Pipes
2061 =item Opening Sockets
2073 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
2079 =head2 perlpacktut - tutorial on C<pack> and C<unpack>
2085 =item The Basic Principle
2089 =item Packing Numbers
2095 =item Unpacking a Stack Frame
2097 =item How to Eat an Egg on a Net
2099 =item Byte-order modifiers
2101 =item Floating point Numbers
2105 =item Exotic Templates
2117 =item Another Portable Binary Encoding
2121 =item Template Grouping
2123 =item Lengths and Widths
2127 =item String Lengths
2129 =item Dynamic Templates
2131 =item Counting Repetitions
2135 =item Packing and Unpacking C Structures
2139 =item The Alignment Pit
2141 =item Dealing with Endian-ness
2143 =item Alignment, Take 2
2145 =item Alignment, Take 3
2147 =item Pointers for How to Use Them
2153 =item Funnies Section
2159 =head2 perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format
2167 =item Ordinary Paragraph
2169 =item Verbatim Paragraph
2171 =item Command Paragraph
2173 C<=head1 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head2 I<Heading Text>>, C<=head3 I<Heading
2174 Text>>, C<=head4 I<Heading Text>>, C<=over I<indentlevel>>, C<=item
2175 I<stuff...>>, C<=back>, C<=cut>, C<=pod>, C<=begin I<formatname>>, C<=end
2176 I<formatname>>, C<=for I<formatname> I<text...>>, C<=encoding
2179 =item Formatting Codes
2181 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2182 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2183 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- used
2184 for filenames, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text contains non-breaking spaces,
2185 C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a null
2186 (zero-effect) formatting code
2190 =item Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
2192 =item Hints for Writing Pod
2202 =head2 perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and
2209 =item Pod Definitions
2213 "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item",
2214 "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...",
2215 "=encoding encodingname"
2217 =item Pod Formatting Codes
2219 C<IE<lt>textE<gt>> -- italic text, C<BE<lt>textE<gt>> -- bold text,
2220 C<CE<lt>codeE<gt>> -- code text, C<FE<lt>filenameE<gt>> -- style for
2221 filenames, C<XE<lt>topic nameE<gt>> -- an index entry, C<ZE<lt>E<gt>> -- a
2222 null (zero-effect) formatting code, C<LE<lt>nameE<gt>> -- a hyperlink,
2223 C<EE<lt>escapeE<gt>> -- a character escape, C<SE<lt>textE<gt>> -- text
2224 contains non-breaking spaces
2226 =item Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
2228 =item About LE<lt>...E<gt> Codes
2230 First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:
2232 =item About =over...=back Regions
2234 =item About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
2242 =head2 perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter
2252 =item #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
2254 OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS
2256 =item Location of Perl
2258 =item Command Switches
2260 B<-0>[I<octal/hexadecimal>], B<-A [I<assertions>]>, B<-a>, B<-C
2261 [I<number/list>]>, B<-c>, B<-d>, B<-dt>, B<-d:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>,
2262 B<-dt:>I<foo[=bar,baz]>, B<-D>I<letters>, B<-D>I<number>, B<-e>
2263 I<commandline>, B<-F>I<pattern>, B<-h>, B<-i>[I<extension>],
2264 B<-I>I<directory>, B<-l>[I<octnum>], B<-m>[B<->]I<module>,
2265 B<-M>[B<->]I<module>, B<-M>[B<->]I<'module ...'>,
2266 B<-[mM]>[B<->]I<module=arg[,arg]...>, B<-n>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-s>, B<-S>,
2267 B<-t>, B<-T>, B<-u>, B<-U>, B<-v>, B<-V>, B<-V:>I<configvar>, B<-w>, B<-W>,
2268 B<-X>, B<-x>, B<-x> I<directory>
2274 HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap,
2275 :perlio, :pop, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB,
2276 PERL5DB, PERL5DB_THREADED, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port),
2277 PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS,
2278 PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_DL_NONLAZY, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_HASH_SEED,
2279 PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), PERL_SIGNALS,
2280 PERL_UNICODE, SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)
2284 =head2 perldiag - various Perl diagnostics
2292 =head2 perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings
2300 =item Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
2302 =item What's wrong with B<-w> and C<$^W>
2304 =item Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
2308 =item Backward Compatibility
2310 =item Category Hierarchy
2312 =item Fatal Warnings
2314 =item Reporting Warnings from a Module
2326 =head2 perldebug - Perl debugging
2332 =item The Perl Debugger
2336 =item Debugger Commands
2338 h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y
2339 [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l
2340 min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/,
2341 ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b
2342 subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b
2343 compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W
2344 expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [
2345 command ], < *, << command, > ?, > command, > *, >> command, { ?, { [
2346 command ], { *, {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source
2347 file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man
2350 =item Configurable Options
2352 C<recallCommand>, C<ShellBang>, C<pager>, C<tkRunning>, C<signalLevel>,
2353 C<warnLevel>, C<dieLevel>, C<AutoTrace>, C<LineInfo>, C<inhibit_exit>,
2354 C<PrintRet>, C<ornaments>, C<frame>, C<maxTraceLen>, C<windowSize>,
2355 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<dumpDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>,
2356 C<globPrint>, C<DumpDBFiles>, C<DumpPackages>, C<DumpReused>, C<quote>,
2357 C<HighBit>, C<undefPrint>, C<UsageOnly>, C<TTY>, C<noTTY>, C<ReadLine>,
2360 =item Debugger input/output
2362 Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame
2365 =item Debugging compile-time statements
2367 =item Debugger Customization
2369 =item Readline Support
2371 =item Editor Support for Debugging
2373 =item The Perl Profiler
2377 =item Debugging regular expressions
2379 =item Debugging memory usage
2387 =head2 perlvar - Perl predefined variables
2395 =item Predefined Names
2397 $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<I<digits>>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',
2398 $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+,
2399 HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
2400 IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/,
2401 HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
2402 IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,
2403 IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS,
2404 $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#,
2405 HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,
2406 HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,
2407 HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START,
2408 @-, C<$`> is the same as C<substr($var, 0, $-[0])>, C<$&> is the same as
2409 C<substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0])>, C<$'> is the same as C<substr($var,
2410 $+[0])>, C<$1> is the same as C<substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])>, C<$2>
2411 is the same as C<substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])>, C<$3> is the same as
2412 C<substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])>, HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
2413 $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,
2414 IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR,
2415 $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR,
2416 $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING},
2417 $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@,
2418 $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID,
2419 $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $),
2420 $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D,
2421 $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O,
2422 ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80,
2423 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R,
2424 $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE},
2425 $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,
2426 ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG,
2429 =item Error Indicators
2431 =item Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
2439 =head2 perlre - Perl regular expressions
2449 =item Regular Expressions
2451 [1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit
2453 =item Extended Patterns
2455 C<(?#text)>, C<(?imsx-imsx)>, C<(?:pattern)>, C<(?imsx-imsx:pattern)>,
2456 C<(?=pattern)>, C<(?!pattern)>, C<(?<=pattern)>, C<(?<!pattern)>, C<(?{
2457 code })>, C<(??{ code })>, C<< (?>pattern) >>,
2458 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>, C<(?(condition)yes-pattern)>
2462 =item Version 8 Regular Expressions
2464 =item Warning on \1 vs $1
2466 =item Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
2468 =item Combining pieces together
2470 C<ST>, C<S|T>, C<S{REPEAT_COUNT}>, C<S{min,max}>, C<S{min,max}?>, C<S?>,
2471 C<S*>, C<S+>, C<S??>, C<S*?>, C<S+?>, C<< (?>S) >>, C<(?=S)>, C<(?<=S)>,
2472 C<(?!S)>, C<(?<!S)>, C<(??{ EXPR })>,
2473 C<(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)>
2475 =item Creating custom RE engines
2485 =head2 perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference
2497 =item ESCAPE SEQUENCES
2499 =item CHARACTER CLASSES
2505 =item EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
2523 =head2 perlref - Perl references and nested data structures
2533 =item Making References
2535 =item Using References
2537 =item Symbolic references
2539 =item Not-so-symbolic references
2541 =item Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
2543 =item Function Templates
2553 =head2 perlform - Perl formats
2563 =item Numeric Fields
2565 =item The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
2567 =item The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
2569 =item Specifying Values
2571 =item Using Fill Mode
2573 =item Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
2575 =item Repeating Format Lines
2577 =item Top of Form Processing
2579 =item Format Variables
2589 =item Accessing Formatting Internals
2597 =head2 perlobj - Perl objects
2605 =item An Object is Simply a Reference
2607 =item A Class is Simply a Package
2609 =item A Method is Simply a Subroutine
2611 =item Method Invocation
2613 =item Indirect Object Syntax
2615 =item Default UNIVERSAL methods
2617 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
2623 =item Two-Phased Garbage Collection
2631 =head2 perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable
2643 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this,
2648 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value,
2649 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
2650 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this,
2651 UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY
2656 USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE
2657 this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY
2658 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, SCALAR this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this
2660 =item Tying FileHandles
2662 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this,
2663 LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this,
2668 =item The C<untie> Gotcha
2680 =head2 perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters
2688 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
2689 B<filter_fetch_value>
2695 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
2697 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
2707 =head2 perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes,
2708 safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)
2718 =item Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
2726 =item Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
2728 Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system calls, Signals as
2729 "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state
2733 =item Using open() for IPC
2739 =item Background Processes
2741 =item Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
2743 =item Safe Pipe Opens
2745 =item Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
2747 =item Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
2751 =item Sockets: Client/Server Communication
2755 =item Internet Line Terminators
2757 =item Internet TCP Clients and Servers
2759 =item Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
2763 =item TCP Clients with IO::Socket
2767 =item A Simple Client
2769 C<Proto>, C<PeerAddr>, C<PeerPort>
2771 =item A Webget Client
2773 =item Interactive Client with IO::Socket
2777 =item TCP Servers with IO::Socket
2779 Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse
2781 =item UDP: Message Passing
2795 =head2 perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation
2805 =item Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
2807 $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept
2808 filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to
2809 files, directories and network sockets
2811 =item Resource limits
2813 =item Killing the parent process
2815 =item Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
2817 =item CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
2819 BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented,
2820 Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger
2821 application, Thread-safety of extensions
2833 =head2 perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl
2841 =item Storing numbers
2843 =item Numeric operators and numeric conversions
2845 =item Flavors of Perl numeric operations
2847 Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during C<use integer>, Other
2848 mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during C<use
2849 integer>, Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a
2858 =head2 perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl
2866 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
2868 =item Threaded Program Models
2880 =item What kind of threads are Perl threads?
2882 =item Thread-Safe Modules
2888 =item Basic Thread Support
2890 =item A Note about the Examples
2892 =item Creating Threads
2894 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
2896 =item Ignoring A Thread
2900 =item Threads And Data
2904 =item Shared And Unshared Data
2906 =item Thread Pitfalls: Races
2910 =item Synchronization and control
2914 =item Controlling access: lock()
2916 =item A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
2918 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
2920 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
2922 =item Basic semaphores
2924 =item Advanced Semaphores
2926 =item cond_wait() and cond_signal()
2928 =item Giving up control
2932 =item General Thread Utility Routines
2936 =item What Thread Am I In?
2940 =item Are These Threads The Same?
2942 =item What Threads Are Running?
2946 =item A Complete Example
2948 =item Different implementations of threads
2950 =item Performance considerations
2952 =item Process-scope Changes
2954 =item Thread-Safety of System Libraries
2962 =item Introductory Texts
2964 =item OS-Related References
2966 =item Other References
2970 =item Acknowledgements
2978 =head2 perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl
2984 =item What Is A Thread Anyway?
2986 =item Threaded Program Models
2998 =item Native threads
3000 =item What kind of threads are perl threads?
3002 =item Threadsafe Modules
3008 =item Basic Thread Support
3010 =item Creating Threads
3012 =item Giving up control
3014 =item Waiting For A Thread To Exit
3016 =item Errors In Threads
3018 =item Ignoring A Thread
3022 =item Threads And Data
3026 =item Shared And Unshared Data
3028 =item Thread Pitfall: Races
3030 =item Controlling access: lock()
3032 =item Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
3034 =item Queues: Passing Data Around
3038 =item Threads And Code
3042 =item Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
3044 Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores
3046 =item Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
3048 =item Subroutine Locks
3052 =item Locking A Subroutine
3056 =item General Thread Utility Routines
3060 =item What Thread Am I In?
3064 =item Are These Threads The Same?
3066 =item What Threads Are Running?
3070 =item A Complete Example
3078 =item Introductory Texts
3080 =item OS-Related References
3082 =item Other References
3086 =item Acknowledgements
3094 =head2 perlport - Writing portable Perl
3100 Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already I<is>
3109 =item Numbers endianness and Width
3111 =item Files and Filesystems
3113 =item System Interaction
3115 =item Command names versus file pathnames
3119 =item Interprocess Communication (IPC)
3121 =item External Subroutines (XS)
3123 =item Standard Modules
3127 =item Character sets and character encoding
3129 =item Internationalisation
3131 =item System Resources
3141 Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.org, Testing results:
3142 http://testers.cpan.org/
3150 =item DOS and Derivatives
3158 =item EBCDIC Platforms
3166 =item FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
3170 =item Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
3172 -I<X> FILEHANDLE, -I<X> EXPR, -I<X>, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown
3173 LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen
3174 HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl
3175 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin,
3176 getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME,
3177 getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,
3178 getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent,
3179 gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent
3180 STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN,
3181 endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent,
3182 getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl
3183 FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat
3184 FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd
3185 ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open
3186 FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select
3187 RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget
3188 KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP,
3189 setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt
3190 SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS,
3191 shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET,
3192 socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat
3193 EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen
3194 FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate
3195 FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST,
3196 wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS
3202 v1.49, 12 August 2002, v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000,
3203 v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999,
3204 v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April
3205 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December
3206 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August
3207 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998
3209 =item Supported Platforms
3213 =item AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS
3217 =head2 perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and
3224 =item PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
3230 =item The use locale pragma
3232 =item The setlocale function
3234 =item Finding locales
3236 =item LOCALE PROBLEMS
3238 =item Temporarily fixing locale problems
3240 =item Permanently fixing locale problems
3242 =item Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
3244 =item Fixing system locale configuration
3246 =item The localeconv function
3248 =item I18N::Langinfo
3252 =item LOCALE CATEGORIES
3256 =item Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
3258 =item Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
3260 =item Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
3262 =item Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
3266 =item Other categories
3274 PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
3275 LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG
3281 =item Backward compatibility
3283 =item I18N:Collate obsolete
3285 =item Sort speed and memory use impacts
3287 =item write() and LC_NUMERIC
3289 =item Freely available locale definitions
3293 =item An imperfect standard
3297 =item Unicode and UTF-8
3303 =item Broken systems
3313 =head2 perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction
3323 =item Perl's Unicode Support
3325 =item Perl's Unicode Model
3327 =item Unicode and EBCDIC
3329 =item Creating Unicode
3331 =item Handling Unicode
3333 =item Legacy Encodings
3337 =item Displaying Unicode As Text
3341 =item Advanced Topics
3345 =item Questions With Answers
3347 =item Hexadecimal Notation
3349 =item Further Resources
3353 =item UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
3357 =item ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
3359 =item AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE
3363 =head2 perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl
3371 =item Important Caveats
3373 Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, C<use utf8> still needed to
3374 enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked scripts and UTF-16 scripts
3375 autodetected, C<use encoding> needed to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings
3377 =item Byte and Character Semantics
3379 =item Effects of Character Semantics
3385 =item User-Defined Character Properties
3387 =item Character Encodings for Input and Output
3389 =item Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
3391 =item Unicode Encodings
3393 =item Security Implications of Unicode
3395 =item Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
3399 =item When Unicode Does Not Happen
3401 =item Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
3403 =item Using Unicode in XS
3411 =item Interaction with Locales
3413 =item Interaction with Extensions
3417 =item Porting code from perl-5.6.X
3425 =head2 perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms
3431 =item COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
3439 =item Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
3443 =item 13 variant characters
3451 =item Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
3453 =item Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
3455 =item Unicode and UTF
3461 =item SINGLE OCTET TABLES
3463 recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6
3465 =item IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
3479 =item OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
3481 =item FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
3483 chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()
3485 =item REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
3493 =item Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
3495 =item MONO CASE then sort data.
3497 =item Convert, sort data, then re convert.
3499 =item Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
3503 =item TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
3507 =item URL decoding and encoding
3509 =item uu encoding and decoding
3511 =item Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
3513 =item Caesarian ciphers
3517 =item Hashing order and checksums
3521 =item MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
3533 chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales
3553 =head2 perlsec - Perl security
3561 =item Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
3563 =item Switches On the "#!" Line
3565 =item Taint mode and @INC
3567 =item Cleaning Up Your Path
3571 =item Protecting Your Programs
3575 =item Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
3583 =head2 perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)
3595 =item BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END
3601 =item Making your module threadsafe
3609 =head2 perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones
3613 =item THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
3617 =item Pragmatic Modules
3619 assertions, assertions::activate, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint,
3620 bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding,
3621 fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale, open, ops, overload, re,
3622 sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, threads::shared, utf8, vars, version,
3623 vmsish, warnings, warnings::register
3625 =item Standard Modules
3627 AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata,
3628 B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
3629 B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash,
3630 B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp,
3631 CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util,
3632 CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA,
3633 Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DBM_Filter, DB_File, Data::Dumper,
3634 Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest,
3635 Digest::MD5, Digest::base, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, Encode,
3636 Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CN,
3637 Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config, Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder,
3638 Encode::Encoding, Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z,
3639 Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header,
3640 Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW,
3641 Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno, Exporter,
3642 Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM,
3643 ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install,
3644 ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any,
3645 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS,
3646 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN,
3647 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32,
3648 ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker,
3649 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial,
3650 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish,
3651 ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists,
3652 ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
3653 File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find,
3654 File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc,
3655 File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
3656 File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache,
3657 FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call, FindBin, GDBM_File,
3658 Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags,
3659 I18N::LangTags::List, I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle,
3660 IO::Pipe, IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IO::Socket::INET,
3661 IO::Socket::UNIX, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg,
3662 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country,
3663 Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext,
3664 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64,
3665 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
3666 Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigInt::CalcEmu, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex,
3667 Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
3668 Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
3669 Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd,
3670 Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3,
3671 Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent,
3672 Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO,
3673 PerlIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint,
3674 Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects,
3675 Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser,
3676 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker, Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff,
3677 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
3678 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText, Pod::Plainer,
3679 Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike,
3680 Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util,
3681 Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch,
3682 Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap,
3683 Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness,
3684 Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps,
3685 Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced,
3686 Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread,
3687 Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
3688 Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash,
3689 Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
3690 Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize,
3691 Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
3694 =item Extension Modules
3708 China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation, Saudi
3709 Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand
3711 =item Central America
3717 Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech
3718 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
3719 Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
3720 Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
3721 Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom
3725 Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United States,
3726 Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida,
3727 Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York,
3728 North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
3729 Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin
3733 Australia, New Zealand, United States
3737 Argentina, Brazil, Chile
3743 =item Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
3747 =item Guidelines for Module Creation
3749 =item Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
3751 =item Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
3759 =head2 perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide
3765 =item QUICK CHECKLIST
3769 =item Before you start
3777 =item Release considerations
3781 =item BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
3785 =item Has it been done before?
3787 =item Do one thing and do it well
3789 =item What's in a name?
3793 =item DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
3797 =item To OO or not to OO?
3799 =item Designing your API
3801 Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from
3802 output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions,
3805 =item Strictness and warnings
3807 =item Backwards compatibility
3809 =item Error handling and messages
3813 =item DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
3819 =item README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
3821 perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL, perl Build,
3822 perl Build test, perl Build install
3826 =item RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
3830 =item Version numbering
3832 =item Pre-requisites
3842 =item COMMON PITFALLS
3846 =item Reinventing the wheel
3848 =item Trying to do too much
3850 =item Inappropriate documentation
3856 L<perlstyle>, L<perlnewmod>, L<perlpod>, L<podchecker>, Packaging Tools,
3857 Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software
3864 =head2 perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules
3874 B<DECOMPRESS> the file, B<UNPACK> the file into a directory, B<BUILD> the
3875 module (sometimes unnecessary), B<INSTALL> the module
3889 =head2 perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution
3899 =item What should I make into a module?
3901 =item Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
3903 Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again
3905 =item Step-by-step: Making the module
3907 Start with F<module-starter> or F<h2xs>, Use L<strict|strict> and
3908 L<warnings|warnings>, Use L<Carp|Carp>, Use L<Exporter|Exporter> - wisely!,
3909 Use L<plain old documentation|perlpod>, Write tests, Write the README
3911 =item Step-by-step: Distributing your module
3913 Get a CPAN user ID, C<perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist>, Upload the
3914 tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!
3924 =head2 perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution
3934 L<perldoc|perldoc>, L<pod2man|pod2man> and L<pod2text|pod2text>,
3935 L<pod2html|pod2html> and L<pod2latex|pod2latex>, L<pod2usage|pod2usage>,
3936 L<podselect|podselect>, L<podchecker|podchecker>, L<splain|splain>,
3937 L<roffitall|roffitall>
3941 L<a2p|a2p>, L<s2p|s2p>, L<find2perl|find2perl>
3943 =item Administration
3945 L<libnetcfg|libnetcfg>
3949 L<perlbug|perlbug>, L<h2ph|h2ph>, L<c2ph|c2ph> and L<pstruct|pstruct>,
3950 L<h2xs|h2xs>, L<dprofpp|dprofpp>, L<perlcc|perlcc>
3958 =head2 perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator
3968 B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref
3972 =item Using The Back Ends
3976 =item The Cross Referencing Back End
3980 =item The Decompiling Back End
3982 =item The Lint Back End
3984 =item The Simple C Back End
3986 =item The Bytecode Back End
3988 =item The Optimized C Back End
3992 =item Module List for the Compiler Suite
3994 B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC,
3995 B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex,
3996 B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref
3998 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4004 =head2 perlfilter - Source Filters
4014 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
4016 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
4018 B<Decryption Filters>
4020 =item CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
4022 =item WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
4024 =item USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
4028 =item THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
4030 Some Filters Clobber the C<DATA> Handle
4040 =head2 perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program
4050 B<Use C from Perl?>, B<Use a Unix program from Perl?>, B<Use Perl from
4051 Perl?>, B<Use C from C?>, B<Use Perl from C?>
4055 =item Compiling your C program
4057 =item Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
4059 =item Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
4061 =item Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
4063 =item Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program
4065 =item Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
4067 =item Maintaining a persistent interpreter
4069 =item Execution of END blocks
4071 =item Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
4073 =item Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
4078 =item Embedding Perl under Win32
4090 =head2 perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging
4096 =item Debugger Internals
4100 =item Writing Your Own Debugger
4104 =item Frame Listing Output Examples
4106 =item Debugging regular expressions
4110 =item Compile-time output
4112 C<anchored> I<STRING> C<at> I<POS>, C<floating> I<STRING> C<at>
4113 I<POS1..POS2>, C<matching floating/anchored>, C<minlen>, C<stclass>
4114 I<TYPE>, C<noscan>, C<isall>, C<GPOS>, C<plus>, C<implicit>, C<with eval>,
4117 =item Types of nodes
4119 =item Run-time output
4123 =item Debugging Perl memory usage
4127 =item Using C<$ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}>
4129 C<buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)>, Free/Used, C<Total sbrk():
4130 SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS>, C<pad: 0>, C<heads: 2192>, C<chain: 0>, C<tail:
4133 =item Example of using B<-DL> switch
4135 C<717>, C<002>, C<054>, C<602>, C<702>, C<704>
4137 =item B<-DL> details
4141 =item Limitations of B<-DL> statistics
4149 =head2 perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs
4161 =item Version caveat
4163 =item Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
4175 =item What has gone on?
4177 =item Writing good test scripts
4181 =item What's new here?
4183 =item Input and Output Parameters
4185 =item The XSUBPP Program
4187 =item The TYPEMAP file
4189 =item Warning about Output Arguments
4193 =item What has happened here?
4195 =item Anatomy of .xs file
4197 =item Getting the fat out of XSUBs
4199 =item More about XSUB arguments
4201 =item The Argument Stack
4203 =item Extending your Extension
4205 =item Documenting your Extension
4207 =item Installing your Extension
4211 =item New Things in this Example
4215 =item New Things in this Example
4217 =item EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
4219 =item EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
4221 =item EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
4223 =item Troubleshooting these Examples
4239 =head2 perlxs - XS language reference manual
4251 =item The Anatomy of an XSUB
4253 =item The Argument Stack
4255 =item The RETVAL Variable
4257 =item Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
4259 =item The MODULE Keyword
4261 =item The PACKAGE Keyword
4263 =item The PREFIX Keyword
4265 =item The OUTPUT: Keyword
4267 =item The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
4269 =item The CODE: Keyword
4271 =item The INIT: Keyword
4273 =item The NO_INIT Keyword
4275 =item Initializing Function Parameters
4277 =item Default Parameter Values
4279 =item The PREINIT: Keyword
4281 =item The SCOPE: Keyword
4283 =item The INPUT: Keyword
4285 =item The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
4287 =item The C<length(NAME)> Keyword
4289 =item Variable-length Parameter Lists
4291 =item The C_ARGS: Keyword
4293 =item The PPCODE: Keyword
4295 =item Returning Undef And Empty Lists
4297 =item The REQUIRE: Keyword
4299 =item The CLEANUP: Keyword
4301 =item The POSTCALL: Keyword
4303 =item The BOOT: Keyword
4305 =item The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
4307 =item The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
4309 =item The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
4311 =item The ALIAS: Keyword
4313 =item The OVERLOAD: Keyword
4315 =item The FALLBACK: Keyword
4317 =item The INTERFACE: Keyword
4319 =item The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
4321 =item The INCLUDE: Keyword
4323 =item The CASE: Keyword
4325 =item The & Unary Operator
4327 =item Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
4329 =item Using XS With C++
4331 =item Interface Strategy
4333 =item Perl Objects And C Structures
4337 =item Safely Storing Static Data in XS
4339 MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT
4351 =head2 perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions
4361 C<t>, C<p>, C<n>, C<s>
4363 =item File Operations
4365 =item File Input and Output
4367 =item File Positioning
4369 =item Memory Management and String Handling
4371 =item Character Class Tests
4373 =item F<stdlib.h> functions
4375 =item Miscellaneous functions
4383 =head2 perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API
4395 =item What is an "IV"?
4397 =item Working with SVs
4401 =item What's Really Stored in an SV?
4403 =item Working with AVs
4405 =item Working with HVs
4407 =item Hash API Extensions
4409 =item AVs, HVs and undefined values
4413 =item Blessed References and Class Objects
4415 =item Creating New Variables
4417 GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN
4419 =item Reference Counts and Mortality
4421 =item Stashes and Globs
4423 =item Double-Typed SVs
4425 =item Magic Variables
4427 =item Assigning Magic
4429 =item Magic Virtual Tables
4433 =item Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
4435 =item Localizing changes
4437 C<SAVEINT(int i)>, C<SAVEIV(IV i)>, C<SAVEI32(I32 i)>, C<SAVELONG(long i)>,
4438 C<SAVESPTR(s)>, C<SAVEPPTR(p)>, C<SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)>, C<SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV
4439 *sv)>, C<SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)>, C<SAVEFREEPV(p)>, C<SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)>,
4440 C<SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length)>,
4441 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p)>,
4442 C<SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)>, C<SAVESTACK_POS()>, C<SV*
4443 save_scalar(GV *gv)>, C<AV* save_ary(GV *gv)>, C<HV* save_hash(GV *gv)>,
4444 C<void save_item(SV *item)>, C<void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)>,
4445 C<SV* save_svref(SV **sptr)>, C<void save_aptr(AV **aptr)>, C<void
4446 save_hptr(HV **hptr)>
4454 =item XSUBs and the Argument Stack
4456 =item Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
4458 =item Memory Allocation
4462 =item Putting a C value on Perl stack
4466 =item Scratchpads and recursion
4476 =item Examining the tree
4478 =item Compile pass 1: check routines
4480 =item Compile pass 1a: constant folding
4482 =item Compile pass 2: context propagation
4484 =item Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
4486 =item Pluggable runops
4490 =item Examining internal data structures with the C<dump> functions
4492 =item How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
4496 =item Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
4498 =item So what happened to dTHR?
4500 =item How do I use all this in extensions?
4502 =item Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
4504 =item Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4508 =item Internal Functions
4510 A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b
4514 =item Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
4516 =item Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
4518 =item Source Documentation
4522 =item Unicode Support
4526 =item What B<is> Unicode, anyway?
4528 =item How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
4530 =item How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
4532 =item How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
4534 =item How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
4536 =item Is there anything else I need to know?
4540 =item Custom Operators
4548 =head2 perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C
4554 An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program
4556 =item THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
4558 call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv
4578 =item Determining the Context
4582 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
4588 =item No Parameters, Nothing returned
4590 =item Passing Parameters
4592 =item Returning a Scalar
4594 =item Returning a list of values
4596 =item Returning a list in a scalar context
4598 =item Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
4602 =item Using G_KEEPERR
4606 =item Using call_argv
4608 =item Using call_method
4612 =item Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
4614 =item Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
4616 1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of
4617 callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl
4620 =item Alternate Stack Manipulation
4622 =item Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
4634 =head2 perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API
4640 =item "Gimme" Values
4642 GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID
4644 =item Array Manipulation Functions
4646 AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill,
4647 av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift,
4648 get_av, newAV, sortsv
4650 =item Callback Functions
4652 call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv,
4653 FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS
4655 =item Character classes
4657 isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER
4659 =item Cloning an interpreter
4663 =item CV Manipulation Functions
4667 =item Embedding Functions
4669 cv_undef, load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct,
4670 perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv
4672 =item Functions in file pp_pack.c
4674 packlist, pack_cat, unpackstring, unpack_str
4676 =item Global Variables
4678 PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes
4682 GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload,
4683 gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv
4687 Nullav, Nullch, Nullcv, Nullhv, Nullsv
4689 =item Hash Manipulation Functions
4691 get_hv, HEf_SVKEY, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force,
4692 HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_assert, hv_clear, hv_clear_placeholders,
4693 hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent,
4694 hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv,
4695 hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_scalar, hv_store, hv_store_ent,
4698 =item Magical Functions
4700 mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set,
4701 SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal,
4702 SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE, SvUNLOCK
4704 =item Memory Management
4706 Copy, CopyD, Move, MoveD, New, Newc, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree,
4707 savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero, ZeroD
4709 =item Miscellaneous Functions
4711 fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, new_version, scan_version, strEQ,
4712 strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE, sv_nolocking,
4713 sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, upg_version, vcmp, vnormal, vnumify,
4716 =item Numeric functions
4718 grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin,
4721 =item Optree Manipulation Functions
4723 cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS
4725 =item Pad Data Structures
4729 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4731 dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, mPUSHi, mPUSHn, mPUSHp, mPUSHu,
4732 mXPUSHi, mXPUSHn, mXPUSHp, mXPUSHu, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp,
4733 POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHmortal, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs,
4734 PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHmortal, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs,
4735 XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV,
4736 XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_UV, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO,
4737 XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES
4741 svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG
4743 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4745 get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, NEWSV, newSV, newSViv,
4746 newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv,
4747 newSVuv, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV,
4748 SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIsCOW,
4749 SvIsCOW_shared_hash, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvIV_nomg, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp,
4750 SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX,
4751 SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only,
4752 SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force,
4753 SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force,
4754 SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg,
4755 SvPV_nolen, SvPV_nomg, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK,
4756 SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off,
4757 SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off,
4758 SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, SvUV_nomg, SvVOK, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io,
4759 sv_2iv_flags, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8,
4760 sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv_flags, sv_backoff,
4761 sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags,
4762 sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpvn_nomg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags,
4763 sv_catsv_mg, sv_catsv_nomg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale,
4764 sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal,
4765 sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert,
4766 sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext,
4767 sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b,
4768 sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force,
4769 sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype,
4770 sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg,
4771 sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpviv,
4772 sv_setpviv_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv,
4773 sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv,
4774 sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setsv_nomg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg,
4775 sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags,
4776 sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode,
4777 sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags,
4778 sv_uv, sv_vcatpvf, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vcatpvf_mg, sv_vsetpvf, sv_vsetpvfn,
4781 =item Unicode Support
4783 bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string,
4784 is_utf8_string_loc, pv_uni_display, sv_cat_decode, sv_recode_to_utf8,
4785 sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title,
4786 to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop,
4787 utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8,
4790 =item Variables created by C<xsubpp> and C<xsubpp> internal functions
4792 ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dUNDERBAR, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto,
4793 RETVAL, ST, THIS, UNDERBAR, XS, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK
4795 =item Warning and Dieing
4805 =head2 perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely B<internal>
4812 =item CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
4816 =item Functions in file pad.h
4818 CX_CURPAD_SAVE, CX_CURPAD_SV, PAD_BASE_SV, PAD_CLONE_VARS,
4819 PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS, PAD_COMPNAME_GEN, PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH,
4820 PAD_COMPNAME_PV, PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE, PAD_DUP, PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL,
4821 PAD_SAVE_LOCAL, PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD, PAD_SETSV, PAD_SET_CUR,
4822 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE, PAD_SV, PAD_SVl, SAVECLEARSV, SAVECOMPPAD, SAVEPADSV
4824 =item Functions in file pp_ctl.c
4828 =item Global Variables
4830 PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv,
4841 =item Pad Data Structures
4843 CvPADLIST, cv_clone, cv_dump, do_dump_pad, intro_my, pad_add_anon,
4844 pad_add_name, pad_alloc, pad_block_start, pad_check_dup, pad_findlex,
4845 pad_findmy, pad_fixup_inner_anons, pad_free, pad_leavemy, pad_new,
4846 pad_push, pad_reset, pad_setsv, pad_swipe, pad_tidy, pad_undef
4848 =item Stack Manipulation Macros
4852 =item SV Manipulation Functions
4854 find_uninit_var, report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs,
4863 =head2 perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.
4873 =item History and Background
4875 =item Basic Structure
4877 =item Layers vs Disciplines
4879 =item Data Structures
4881 =item Functions and Attributes
4883 =item Per-instance Data
4885 =item Layers in action.
4887 =item Per-instance flag bits
4889 PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR,
4890 PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8,
4891 PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF,
4892 PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS
4894 =item Methods in Detail
4896 fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF,
4897 PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode,
4898 Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof,
4899 Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt,
4904 =item Implementing PerlIO Layers
4906 C implementations, Perl implementations
4910 "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"
4912 =item Extension Layers
4914 ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"
4922 =head2 perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.
4930 1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, B<PerlIO_stdin()>,
4931 B<PerlIO_stdout()>, B<PerlIO_stderr()>, B<PerlIO_open(path, mode)>,
4932 B<PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)>, B<PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f)>,
4933 B<PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)>,
4934 B<PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)>, B<PerlIO_read(f,buf,count)>,
4935 B<PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)>, B<PerlIO_close(f)>, B<PerlIO_puts(f,s)>,
4936 B<PerlIO_putc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_getc(f)>,
4937 B<PerlIO_eof(f)>, B<PerlIO_error(f)>, B<PerlIO_fileno(f)>,
4938 B<PerlIO_clearerr(f)>, B<PerlIO_flush(f)>, B<PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence)>,
4939 B<PerlIO_tell(f)>, B<PerlIO_getpos(f,p)>, B<PerlIO_setpos(f,p)>,
4940 B<PerlIO_rewind(f)>, B<PerlIO_tmpfile()>, B<PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)>
4944 =item Co-existence with stdio
4946 B<PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode)>, B<PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode)>,
4947 B<PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)>, B<PerlIO_findFILE(f)>
4949 =item "Fast gets" Functions
4951 B<PerlIO_fast_gets(f)>, B<PerlIO_has_cntptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_cnt(f)>,
4952 B<PerlIO_get_ptr(f)>, B<PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)>, B<PerlIO_canset_cnt(f)>,
4953 B<PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)>, B<PerlIO_has_base(f)>, B<PerlIO_get_base(f)>,
4954 B<PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)>
4956 =item Other Functions
4958 PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers),
4959 'E<lt>' read, 'E<gt>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)
4965 =head2 perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals
4971 Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the
4972 implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is
4973 the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does
4974 it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is
4975 the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation
4976 tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?,
4977 Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words
4981 =item Keeping in sync
4983 rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the
4984 NFS, rsync'ing the patches
4986 =item Why rsync the source tree
4988 It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable
4990 =item Why rsync the patches
4992 It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start
4993 point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour
4995 =item Working with the source
4997 =item Perlbug administration
4999 =item Submitting patches
5001 L<perlguts>, L<perlxstut> and L<perlxs>, L<perlapi>,
5002 F<Porting/pumpkin.pod>, The perl5-porters FAQ
5004 =item Finding Your Way Around
5006 Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter
5008 =item Elements of the interpreter
5010 Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running
5012 =item Internal Variable Types
5018 Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack
5020 =item Millions of Macros
5022 =item The .i Targets
5024 =item Poking at Perl
5026 =item Using a source-level debugger
5028 run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue,
5029 finish, 'enter', print
5031 =item gdb macro support
5033 =item Dumping Perl Data Structures
5037 =item Patching a core module
5039 =item Adding a new function to the core
5041 =item Writing a test
5043 F<t/base/>, F<t/cmd/>, F<t/comp/>, F<t/io/>, F<t/lib/>, F<t/op/>,
5044 F<t/pod/>, F<t/run/>, F<t/uni/>, F<t/win32/>, F<t/x2p>, t/base t/comp,
5045 t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib
5047 =item Special Make Test Targets
5049 coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
5050 check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third check.third
5051 utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8
5052 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16, test_harness
5054 =item Running tests by hand
5056 PERL_CORE=1, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST
5060 =item EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
5064 =item Rational Software's Purify
5066 =item Purify on Unix
5068 -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity
5072 DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug
5076 =item Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
5078 =item PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
5082 =item Gprof Profiling
5084 -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z
5086 =item GCC gcov Profiling
5088 =item Pixie Profiling
5090 -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage,
5093 =item Miscellaneous tricks
5097 I<The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.>
5105 =head2 perlbook - Perl book information
5113 =head2 perltodo - Perl TO-DO List
5123 =item (?{...}) closures in regexps
5125 =item A re-entrant regexp engine
5131 =item lexical pragmas
5133 =item use less 'memory'
5137 =item prototypes and functions
5141 =item _ prototype character
5143 =item inlining autoloaded constants
5145 =item Finish off lvalue functions
5149 =item Unicode and UTF8
5153 =item Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation
5155 =item UTF8 caching code
5157 =item Unicode in Filenames
5159 =item Unicode in %ENV
5167 =item regexp optimiser optional
5169 =item common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)
5177 =item POD -> HTML conversion still sucks
5181 =item Misc medium sized projects
5187 =item optional optimizer
5189 =item You WANT *how* many
5191 =item lexical aliases
5197 =item entersub XS vs Perl
5199 =item @INC source filter to Filter::Simple
5201 =item bincompat functions
5203 =item Use fchown/fchmod internally
5211 =item Make Schwern poorer
5215 =item Improve tests for Config.pm
5217 =item common test code for timed bailout
5225 =item compressed man pages
5227 =item Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl
5229 =item Relocatable perl
5231 =item make HTML install work
5233 =item put patchlevel in -v
5237 =item Incremental things
5241 =item autovivification
5243 =item fix tainting bugs
5245 =item Make tainting consistent
5247 =item Dual life everything
5257 =item POSIX memory footprint
5259 =item Optimize away @_
5263 =item Attach/detach debugger from running program
5265 =item A decent benchmark
5267 =item readpipe(LIST)
5273 =head2 perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
5283 B<-h>, B<-v>, B<-t>, B<-u>, B<-m> I<module>, B<-l>, B<-F>, B<-f>
5284 I<perlfunc>, B<-q> I<perlfaq-search-regexp>, B<-T>, B<-d>
5285 I<destination-filename>, B<-o> I<output-formatname>, B<-M> I<module-name>,
5286 B<-w> I<option:value> or B<-w> I<option>, B<-X>,
5287 B<PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName>, B<-n> I<some-formatter>, B<-r>, B<-i>,
5298 =head2 perlhist - the Perl history records
5306 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
5318 =item SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
5320 =item SELECTED PATCH SIZES
5324 =item THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS
5328 =head2 perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
5334 =item Incompatible Changes
5336 =item Core Enhancements
5338 =item Modules and Pragmata
5340 =item Utility Changes
5344 =item Performance Enhancements
5346 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5348 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5350 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5352 =item Changed Internals
5354 =item Known Problems
5358 =item Platform Specific Problems
5362 =item Reporting Bugs
5368 =head2 perl592delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.2
5374 =item Incompatible Changes
5376 =item Core Enhancements
5378 =item Modules and Pragmata
5380 =item Utility Changes
5384 =item Performance Enhancements
5386 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5388 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5390 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5392 =item Changed Internals
5394 =item Known Problems
5398 =item Platform Specific Problems
5402 =item Reporting Bugs
5408 =head2 perl591delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.1
5414 =item Incompatible Changes
5418 =item substr() lvalues are no longer fixed-length
5420 =item The C<:unique> attribute is only meaningful for globals
5424 =item Core Enhancements
5430 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
5434 =item Stacked filetest operators
5438 =item Modules and Pragmata
5440 Benchmark, Carp, Exporter, FindBin, List::Util, threads::shared
5442 =item Utility Changes
5446 =item Performance Enhancements
5448 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5454 =item Threading bugs
5460 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5462 =item Changed Internals
5466 =item Reordering of SVt_* constants
5468 =item Removal of CPP symbols
5470 =item Less space is used by ops
5476 =item Configuration and Building
5478 =item Known Problems
5482 =item Platform Specific Problems
5486 =item To-do for perl 5.10.0
5488 =item Reporting Bugs
5494 =head2 perl590delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.9.0
5500 =item Incompatible Changes
5504 =item Hash Randomisation
5506 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
5508 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
5510 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
5512 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
5514 =item The C<$*> variable has been removed
5518 =item Core Enhancements
5524 =item Defined-or operators
5526 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
5528 =item Unsafe signals again available
5530 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
5534 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
5536 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
5540 =item Modules and Pragmata
5544 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
5546 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
5547 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
5548 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
5549 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
5550 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
5551 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
5552 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
5557 =item Utility Changes
5559 =item New Documentation
5561 =item Performance Enhancements
5563 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5567 =item Platform-specific enhancements
5571 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5575 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
5579 =item Platform-specific fixes
5583 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5587 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
5589 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
5591 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
5593 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
5595 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
5597 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
5599 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
5601 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
5603 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
5605 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
5607 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
5611 =item Changed Internals
5615 =item Known Problems
5619 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
5621 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
5627 =item Platform Specific Problems
5631 =item EBCDIC Platforms
5633 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
5635 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
5637 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
5639 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
5641 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
5643 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
5649 =item Reporting Bugs
5655 =head2 perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6
5661 =item Incompatible Changes
5663 =item Core Enhancements
5665 =item Modules and Pragmata
5667 =item Utility Changes
5669 =item Performance Enhancements
5671 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5673 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5675 =item Changed Internals
5679 =item Reporting Bugs
5685 =head2 perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5
5691 =item Incompatible Changes
5693 =item Core Enhancements
5695 =item Modules and Pragmata
5697 =item Utility Changes
5701 =item Perl's debugger
5707 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5709 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5711 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5713 =item Changed Internals
5715 =item Known Problems
5717 =item Platform Specific Problems
5719 =item Reporting Bugs
5725 =head2 perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4
5731 =item Incompatible Changes
5733 =item Core Enhancements
5737 =item Malloc wrapping
5739 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
5741 =item suidperl less insecure
5747 =item Modules and Pragmata
5751 =item Updated modules
5753 Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter, File::Find,
5754 IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt,
5755 Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX, Shell, Socket, Storable,
5756 Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32,
5757 base, open, threads, utf8
5761 =item Performance Enhancements
5763 =item Utility Changes
5765 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5767 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5769 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5771 =item Changed Internals
5773 =item Future Directions
5775 =item Platform Specific Problems
5777 =item Reporting Bugs
5783 =head2 perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3
5789 =item Incompatible Changes
5791 =item Core Enhancements
5793 =item Modules and Pragmata
5795 CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin, List::Util,
5796 Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Unicode::Collate,
5797 Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared
5799 =item Utility Changes
5801 =item New Documentation
5803 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5805 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5807 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5809 =item Changed Internals
5811 =item Configuration and Building
5813 =item Platform Specific Problems
5815 =item Known Problems
5817 =item Future Directions
5821 =item Reporting Bugs
5827 =head2 perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2
5833 =item Incompatible Changes
5835 =item Core Enhancements
5839 =item Hash Randomisation
5845 =item Modules and Pragmata
5849 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
5851 Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet, MIME::Base64,
5852 Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes, Unicode::Collate,
5853 Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL
5857 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5859 =item Changed Internals
5861 =item Platform Specific Problems
5863 =item Future Directions
5865 =item Reporting Bugs
5871 =head2 perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1
5877 =item Incompatible Changes
5881 =item Hash Randomisation
5883 =item UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
5885 =item Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
5887 =item (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
5889 =item (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
5893 =item Core Enhancements
5897 =item UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
5899 =item Unsafe signals again available
5901 =item Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
5905 =item Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
5907 =item Deprecation Warnings
5909 =item Miscellaneous Enhancements
5913 =item Modules and Pragmata
5917 =item Updated Modules And Pragmata
5919 base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark, ByteLoader, bytes,
5920 CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File, Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5,
5921 Encode, fields, libnet, Math::BigInt, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping,
5922 PerlIO::scalar, podlators, Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc,
5923 Scalar::Util, Storable, strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More,
5924 Test::Simple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
5925 Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
5930 =item Utility Changes
5932 =item New Documentation
5934 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
5938 =item Platform-specific enhancements
5942 =item Selected Bug Fixes
5946 =item Closures, eval and lexicals
5950 =item Platform-specific fixes
5954 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
5958 =item Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
5960 =item Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
5962 =item New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
5964 =item Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
5966 =item New "Missing control char name in \c"
5968 =item New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
5970 =item New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
5972 =item New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
5974 =item New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
5976 =item New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
5978 =item New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
5980 =item New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
5982 =item New "Use of freed value in iteration"
5986 =item Changed Internals
5990 =item Known Problems
5994 =item Tied hashes in scalar context
5996 =item Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
6002 =item Platform Specific Problems
6006 =item EBCDIC Platforms
6008 =item Cygwin 1.5 problems
6010 =item HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
6012 =item IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
6014 =item Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
6016 =item Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
6018 =item Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
6022 =item Future Directions
6024 =item Reporting Bugs
6030 =head2 perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0
6036 =item Highlights In 5.8.0
6038 =item Incompatible Changes
6042 =item Binary Incompatibility
6044 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
6046 =item AIX Dynaloading
6048 =item Attributes for C<my> variables now handled at run-time
6050 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
6052 =item IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
6054 =item New Unicode Semantics (no more C<use utf8>, almost)
6056 =item New Unicode Properties
6058 =item REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
6060 =item pack/unpack D/F recycled
6062 =item glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
6068 =item Core Enhancements
6072 =item Unicode Overhaul
6074 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
6078 =item Restricted Hashes
6082 =item Understanding of Numbers
6084 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
6086 =item Miscellaneous Changes
6090 =item Modules and Pragmata
6094 =item New Modules and Pragmata
6096 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6100 =item Utility Changes
6102 =item New Documentation
6104 =item Performance Enhancements
6106 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6110 =item Generic Improvements
6112 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6116 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6120 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6124 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6126 =item Changed Internals
6128 =item Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
6132 =item Known Problems
6136 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
6138 =item Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
6140 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6142 =item Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
6144 =item mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
6146 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6148 =item libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
6150 =item PDL failing some tests
6154 =item Self-tying Problems
6156 =item ext/threads/t/libc
6158 =item Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
6160 =item Timing problems
6162 =item Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
6164 =item Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
6168 =item Platform Specific Problems
6174 =item Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
6180 =item Cygwin "unable to remap"
6182 =item Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
6184 =item DJGPP Failures
6186 =item FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
6188 =item FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
6190 =item IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
6192 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
6194 =item Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
6196 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6200 =item Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
6202 =item OS/2 Test Failures
6204 =item op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
6210 =item Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
6212 =item SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
6214 =item Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
6226 =item XML::Parser not working
6230 =item Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
6232 =item Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
6236 =item Reporting Bugs
6244 =head2 perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3
6252 =item Reporting Bugs
6260 =head2 perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2
6266 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
6268 =item Incompatible Changes
6272 =item 64-bit platforms and malloc
6274 =item AIX Dynaloading
6276 =item Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
6278 =item Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
6284 =item Core Enhancements
6286 =item Modules and Pragmata
6290 =item New Modules and Distributions
6292 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6296 =item Utility Changes
6298 =item New Documentation
6300 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6304 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6306 =item Generic Improvements
6310 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6314 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6318 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6320 =item Source Code Enhancements
6324 =item MAGIC constants
6326 =item Better commented code
6328 =item Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
6336 =item Known Problems
6342 =item Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
6344 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6346 =item Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
6348 =item HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
6350 =item HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
6352 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6356 =item op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
6358 =item Failure of Thread tests
6368 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
6370 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
6372 =item Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
6374 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6376 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6378 =item The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
6382 =item Reporting Bugs
6390 =head2 perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1
6396 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
6398 =item Incompatible Changes
6400 =item Core Enhancements
6404 =item AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
6406 =item PerlIO is Now The Default
6408 =item Signals Are Now Safe
6412 =item Modules and Pragmata
6418 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6422 =item Performance Enhancements
6424 =item Utility Changes
6426 =item New Documentation
6442 =item README.solaris
6446 =item Porting/repository.pod
6450 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6454 =item New Or Improved Platforms
6456 =item Generic Improvements
6458 d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s,
6459 need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark,
6460 d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep
6464 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6468 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6472 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6474 =item Changed Internals
6478 =item Known Problems
6482 =item AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
6484 =item lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6486 =item lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6488 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6492 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6494 =item sigaction test 13 in VMS
6496 =item sprintf tests 129 and 130
6498 =item Failure of Thread tests
6500 =item Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
6502 =item Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
6504 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6506 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6510 =item Reporting Bugs
6518 =head2 perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0
6524 =item Security Vulnerability Closed
6526 =item Incompatible Changes
6528 =item Core Enhancements
6530 =item Modules and Pragmata
6536 =item Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
6540 =item Utility Changes
6542 =item New Documentation
6544 =item Performance Enhancements
6546 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6550 =item Generic Improvements
6554 =item Selected Bug Fixes
6558 =item Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
6562 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6564 =item Changed Internals
6566 =item Known Problems
6570 =item Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
6572 =item EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
6574 =item Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
6576 =item ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
6578 =item Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
6580 =item Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
6582 =item Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
6584 =item Storable tests fail in some platforms
6586 =item Threads Are Still Experimental
6588 =item The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
6592 =item Reporting Bugs
6600 =head2 perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x
6606 =item Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
6610 =item Security Issues
6612 =item Core bug fixes
6614 C<UNIVERSAL::isa()>, Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(),
6615 Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic
6616 references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and
6617 errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes,
6618 map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
6619 Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, C<no
6624 =item Configuration issues
6628 =item Bundled modules
6630 B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN,
6631 Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll,
6632 IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser,
6633 Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash
6635 =item Platform-specific improvements
6637 NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX
6641 =item Core Enhancements
6645 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
6647 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
6649 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
6651 =item Support for interpolating named characters
6653 =item "our" declarations
6655 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
6657 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
6659 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
6661 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
6663 =item open() with more than two arguments
6665 =item 64-bit support
6667 =item Large file support
6673 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
6675 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
6677 =item File globbing implemented internally
6679 =item Support for CHECK blocks
6681 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
6683 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
6685 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
6687 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
6689 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
6691 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
6693 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
6695 =item Comments in pack() templates
6697 =item Weak references
6699 =item Binary numbers supported
6701 =item Lvalue subroutines
6703 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
6705 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
6707 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
6709 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
6711 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
6713 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
6715 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
6717 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
6719 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
6721 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
6723 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
6725 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
6727 =item Improved diagnostics
6729 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
6731 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
6733 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
6735 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
6737 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
6739 =item Improved security features
6741 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
6743 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
6745 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
6747 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
6749 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
6751 =item Optional Y2K warnings
6753 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
6757 =item Modules and Pragmata
6763 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
6764 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
6765 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
6766 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
6767 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
6768 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
6769 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
6770 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
6776 =item Utility Changes
6790 =item The Perl Debugger
6794 =item Improved Documentation
6796 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
6797 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
6798 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
6799 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
6801 =item Performance enhancements
6805 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
6807 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
6809 =item Faster subroutine calls
6811 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
6815 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
6819 =item -Dusethreads means something different
6821 =item New Configure flags
6823 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
6829 =item -Duselargefiles
6831 =item installusrbinperl
6837 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
6839 =item gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
6843 =item Platform specific changes
6847 =item Supported platforms
6851 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
6859 =item Significant bug fixes
6863 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
6865 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
6867 =item All compilation errors are true errors
6869 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
6871 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
6873 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
6875 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
6877 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
6879 =item Failures in DESTROY()
6881 =item Locale bugs fixed
6885 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
6887 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
6889 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
6891 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
6895 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
6897 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
6898 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
6899 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
6900 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
6901 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
6902 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
6903 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
6904 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
6905 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
6906 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
6907 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
6908 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
6909 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
6910 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
6911 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
6912 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
6913 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
6914 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
6915 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
6916 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
6917 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
6918 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
6919 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
6920 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
6921 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
6922 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
6923 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
6924 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
6925 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
6926 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
6927 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
6928 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
6929 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
6930 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
6931 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
6932 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
6933 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
6934 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
6935 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
6936 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
6937 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
6938 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
6939 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
6940 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
6941 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
6942 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
6943 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
6944 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
6945 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
6946 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
6950 =item Incompatible Changes
6954 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
6956 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
6957 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
6958 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
6959 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
6960 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
6961 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
6962 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
6963 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
6964 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
6965 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
6966 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
6968 =item C Source Incompatibilities
6970 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
6972 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
6974 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
6976 =item Binary Incompatibilities
6980 =item Known Problems
6984 =item Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
6986 =item Known test failures
6988 =item EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
6990 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
6992 =item Arrow operator and arrays
6994 =item Experimental features
6996 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
6997 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
6998 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
7002 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
7004 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
7005 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
7006 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
7007 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
7009 =item Reporting Bugs
7017 =head2 perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0
7023 =item Core Enhancements
7027 =item Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
7029 =item Lexically scoped warning categories
7031 =item Unicode and UTF-8 support
7033 =item Support for interpolating named characters
7035 =item "our" declarations
7037 =item Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
7039 =item Improved Perl version numbering system
7041 =item New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
7043 =item File and directory handles can be autovivified
7045 =item open() with more than two arguments
7047 =item 64-bit support
7049 =item Large file support
7055 =item Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
7057 =item C<sort $coderef @foo> allowed
7059 =item File globbing implemented internally
7061 =item Support for CHECK blocks
7063 =item POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
7065 =item Better pseudo-random number generator
7067 =item Improved C<qw//> operator
7069 =item Better worst-case behavior of hashes
7071 =item pack() format 'Z' supported
7073 =item pack() format modifier '!' supported
7075 =item pack() and unpack() support counted strings
7077 =item Comments in pack() templates
7079 =item Weak references
7081 =item Binary numbers supported
7083 =item Lvalue subroutines
7085 =item Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
7087 =item Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
7089 =item exists() is supported on subroutine names
7091 =item exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
7093 =item Pseudo-hashes work better
7095 =item Automatic flushing of output buffers
7097 =item Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
7099 =item Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
7101 =item eof() has the same old magic as <>
7103 =item binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
7105 =item C<-T> filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
7107 =item system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
7109 =item Improved diagnostics
7111 =item Diagnostics follow STDERR
7113 =item More consistent close-on-exec behavior
7115 =item syswrite() ease-of-use
7117 =item Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
7119 =item Bit operators support full native integer width
7121 =item Improved security features
7123 =item More functional bareword prototype (*)
7125 =item C<require> and C<do> may be overridden
7127 =item $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
7129 =item New variable $^C reflects C<-c> switch
7131 =item New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
7133 =item Optional Y2K warnings
7135 =item Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
7139 =item Modules and Pragmata
7145 attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper,
7146 DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English,
7147 Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec,
7148 File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt,
7149 Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker,
7150 podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage,
7151 pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname,
7152 Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters
7158 =item Utility Changes
7172 =item The Perl Debugger
7176 =item Improved Documentation
7178 perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
7179 perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod,
7180 perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod,
7181 perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod
7183 =item Performance enhancements
7187 =item Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
7189 =item Optimized assignments to lexical variables
7191 =item Faster subroutine calls
7193 =item delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
7197 =item Installation and Configuration Improvements
7201 =item -Dusethreads means something different
7203 =item New Configure flags
7205 =item Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
7211 =item -Duselargefiles
7213 =item installusrbinperl
7219 =item Enhanced Installation Directories
7223 =item Platform specific changes
7227 =item Supported platforms
7231 =item OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
7239 =item Significant bug fixes
7243 =item <HANDLE> on empty files
7245 =item C<eval '...'> improvements
7247 =item All compilation errors are true errors
7249 =item Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
7251 =item Behavior of list slices is more consistent
7253 =item C<(\$)> prototype and C<$foo{a}>
7255 =item C<goto &sub> and AUTOLOAD
7257 =item C<-bareword> allowed under C<use integer>
7259 =item Failures in DESTROY()
7261 =item Locale bugs fixed
7265 =item Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
7267 =item Taint failures under C<-U>
7269 =item END blocks and the C<-c> switch
7271 =item Potential to leak DATA filehandles
7275 =item New or Changed Diagnostics
7277 "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet
7278 implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s,
7279 / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed
7280 by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape
7281 \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class
7282 passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too
7283 early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s
7284 argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a
7285 subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word:
7286 %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled
7287 substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional,
7288 Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector
7289 size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
7290 filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s",
7291 Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default,
7292 Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't
7293 remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't
7294 weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class
7295 syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference,
7296 constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
7297 defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean
7298 "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective
7299 %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for
7300 output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires
7301 explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable,
7302 Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter:
7303 |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal
7304 number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute:
7305 %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid
7306 separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
7307 subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
7308 returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
7309 %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub",
7310 No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our",
7311 No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time
7312 is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref,
7313 panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing
7314 around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string,
7315 Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS"
7316 instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows,
7317 Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored,
7318 Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on
7319 zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This
7320 Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL
7321 environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode
7322 '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized
7323 escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute
7324 list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
7325 subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of
7326 CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number
7330 =item Incompatible Changes
7334 =item Perl Source Incompatibilities
7336 CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed,
7337 Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form
7338 C<1.2.3> parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number
7339 generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, C<undef> fails on
7340 read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles,
7341 Writing C<"$$1"> to mean C<"${$}1"> is unsupported, delete(), each(),
7342 values() and C<\(%h)>, vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
7343 Text of some diagnostic output has changed, C<%@> has been removed,
7344 Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword
7345 prototype C<(*)> have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed
7346 on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results
7348 =item C Source Incompatibilities
7350 C<PERL_POLLUTE>, C<PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT>, C<PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC>
7352 =item Compatible C Source API Changes
7354 C<PATCHLEVEL> is now C<PERL_VERSION>
7356 =item Binary Incompatibilities
7360 =item Known Problems
7364 =item Thread test failures
7366 =item EBCDIC platforms not supported
7368 =item In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
7370 =item NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
7372 =item Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
7375 =item UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
7377 =item Arrow operator and arrays
7379 =item Experimental features
7381 Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The
7382 pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file
7383 globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:
7387 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
7389 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed
7390 logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as
7391 \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>"
7392 to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated
7394 =item Reporting Bugs
7402 =head2 perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005
7408 =item About the new versioning system
7410 =item Incompatible Changes
7414 =item WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
7416 =item Default installation structure has changed
7418 =item Perl Source Compatibility
7420 =item C Source Compatibility
7422 =item Binary Compatibility
7424 =item Security fixes may affect compatibility
7426 =item Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
7440 =item Regular Expressions
7442 Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression
7443 constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other
7444 improvements, Incompatible changes
7446 =item Improved malloc()
7448 =item Quicksort is internally implemented
7450 =item Reliable signals
7452 =item Reliable stack pointers
7454 =item More generous treatment of carriage returns
7458 =item Better support for multiple interpreters
7460 =item Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
7462 =item C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module
7464 =item Pseudo-hashes are supported
7466 =item C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported
7468 =item Keywords can be globally overridden
7470 =item C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32
7472 =item C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized
7474 =item C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name
7476 =item C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package
7478 =item Better locale support
7480 =item Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
7482 =item prototype() returns useful results on builtins
7484 =item Extended support for exception handling
7486 =item Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
7488 =item All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally
7490 =item New C<INIT> keyword
7492 =item New C<lock> keyword
7494 =item New C<qr//> operator
7496 =item C<our> is now a reserved word
7498 =item Tied arrays are now fully supported
7500 =item Tied handles support is better
7502 =item 4th argument to substr
7504 =item Negative LENGTH argument to splice
7506 =item Magic lvalues are now more magical
7508 =item <> now reads in records
7512 =item Supported Platforms
7518 =item Changes in existing support
7522 =item Modules and Pragmata
7528 B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed,
7529 ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle,
7530 Thread, attrs, fields, re
7532 =item Changes in existing modules
7534 Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File,
7535 MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd
7539 =item Utility Changes
7541 =item Documentation Changes
7543 =item New Diagnostics
7545 Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index
7546 while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent
7547 package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check
7548 filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't
7549 goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element,
7550 Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber
7551 for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions,
7552 Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character
7553 class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in
7554 insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
7555 Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming
7556 package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such
7557 field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously
7558 large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance
7559 detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized
7560 list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word
7561 "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed
7563 =item Obsolete Diagnostics
7565 Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s, Cannot open
7566 temporary file, regexp too big
7568 =item Configuration Changes
7578 =head2 perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004
7584 =item Supported Environments
7590 =item List assignment to %ENV works
7592 =item Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
7594 =item Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
7596 =item $PERL5OPT environment variable
7598 =item Limitations on B<-M>, B<-m>, and B<-T> options
7600 =item More precise warnings
7602 =item Deprecated: Inherited C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods
7604 =item Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
7606 =item Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
7608 =item Group vector changeable with C<$)>
7610 =item Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
7612 =item Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
7614 =item No resetting of $. on implicit close
7616 =item C<wantarray> may return undef
7618 =item C<eval EXPR> determines value of EXPR in scalar context
7620 =item Changes to tainting checks
7622 No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No
7623 spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
7625 =item New Opcode module and revised Safe module
7627 =item Embedding improvements
7629 =item Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
7631 =item Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
7633 =item New and changed syntax
7637 =item New and changed builtin constants
7641 =item New and changed builtin variables
7645 =item New and changed builtin functions
7647 delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in
7648 Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module
7649 VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, C<m//gc> does not
7650 reset search position on failure, C<m//x> ignores whitespace before ?*+{},
7651 nested C<sub{}> closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
7653 =item New builtin methods
7655 isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
7657 =item TIEHANDLE now supported
7659 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this
7660 LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
7662 =item Malloc enhancements
7664 -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
7666 =item Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
7670 =item Support for More Operating Systems
7686 use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use
7687 constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
7693 =item Required Updates
7695 =item Installation directories
7697 =item Module information summary
7711 =item Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
7715 =item Utility Changes
7721 Sends converted HTML to standard output
7725 C<void> XSUBs now default to returning nothing
7729 =item C Language API Changes
7731 C<gv_fetchmethod> and C<perl_call_sv>, C<perl_eval_pv>, Extended API for
7734 =item Documentation Changes
7736 L<perldelta>, L<perlfaq>, L<perllocale>, L<perltoot>, L<perlapio>,
7737 L<perlmodlib>, L<perldebug>, L<perlsec>
7739 =item New Diagnostics
7741 "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is
7742 not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too
7743 large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free
7744 nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,
7745 Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort
7746 subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in
7747 use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant
7748 subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did
7749 not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too
7750 long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
7751 %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number,
7752 internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type
7753 in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once:
7754 possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of
7755 memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible
7756 attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words
7757 with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found
7758 while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "B<-T>"
7759 option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized
7760 character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
7761 "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(),
7762 Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared,
7763 Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter,
7764 Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too
7765 long, Process terminated by SIG%s
7775 =head2 perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License
7783 =item The "Artistic License"
7791 "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Reasonable
7792 copying fee", "Freely Available"
7796 a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)
7802 =head2 perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2
7814 =item GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
7818 =head2 perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
7826 =item Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
7830 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
7832 =item The IBM ANSI C Compiler
7834 =item The usenm option
7836 =item Using GNU's gcc for building perl
7838 =item Using Large Files with Perl
7844 =item AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
7854 =head2 perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS
7870 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
7872 B<Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library>, B<Version of Amiga OS>
7874 =item Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
7876 =item Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
7882 =item Accessing documentation
7886 =item Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
7888 =item Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
7890 =item Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
7892 =item Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
7896 =item BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
7900 =item Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
7902 =item Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
7904 =item Making Perl on AmigaOS
7906 =item Testing Perl on AmigaOS
7908 =item Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
7912 =item PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
7920 =head2 perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS
7930 =head2 perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS
7938 =item General Issues with Perl on BeOS
7940 =item BeOS Release-specific Notes
7944 =item Contact Information
7946 =item Update 2002-05-30
7952 =head2 perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.
7962 =item gzip on BS2000
7964 =item bison on BS2000
7966 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
7968 =item Compiling Perl on BS2000
7970 =item Testing Perl on BS2000
7972 =item Installing Perl on BS2000
7974 =item Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
7976 =item Using Perl in "native" BS2000
7978 =item Floating point anomalies on BS2000
7980 =item Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
7998 =head2 perlce - Perl for WinCE
8010 Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer Keuchel's
8011 celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources
8015 go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run compile.bat, run
8020 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
8026 =head2 perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin
8032 =item PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
8036 =item Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
8038 =item Cygwin Configuration
8040 C<PATH>, I<nroff>, Permissions
8044 =item CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
8048 =item Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
8050 =item Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
8052 C<-lcrypt>, C<-lgdbm> (C<use GDBM_File>), C<-ldb> (C<use DB_File>),
8053 C<-lcygipc> (C<use IPC::SysV>), C<-lutil>
8055 =item Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
8057 C<-Uusedl>, C<-Uusemymalloc>, C<-Uuseperlio>, C<-Dusemultiplicity>,
8058 C<-Duse64bitint>, C<-Duselongdouble>, C<-Dusethreads>, C<-Duselargefiles>,
8061 =item Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
8063 I<dlsym()>, Win9x and C<d_eofnblk>, Compiler/Preprocessor defines
8067 =item MAKE ON CYGWIN
8071 =item Errors on Cygwin
8077 =item TEST ON CYGWIN
8081 =item File Permissions on Cygwin
8083 =item NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
8085 =item C<fork()> failures in io_* tests
8087 =item Script Portability on Cygwin
8089 Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, F<.exe>, C<chown()>, Miscellaneous
8093 =item INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
8095 =item MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
8097 Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl
8098 Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts
8100 =item BUGS ON CYGWIN
8108 =head2 perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.
8120 =item BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
8124 =item Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
8126 =item Threaded Perl on DG/UX
8128 =item Testing Perl on DG/UX
8130 =item Installing the built perl on DG/UX
8140 =head2 perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
8150 =item Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
8154 =item Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
8156 =item Building Perl on DOS
8158 =item Testing Perl on DOS
8160 =item Installation of Perl on DOS
8164 =item BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
8168 =item Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
8170 =item Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
8172 =item Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
8174 =item Building XS Modules on DOS
8184 =head2 perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC
8192 =item INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
8194 =item STARTING PERL ON EPOC
8198 =item Editors on Epoc
8200 =item Features of Perl on Epoc
8202 =item Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
8204 =item Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
8208 =item SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
8216 =head2 perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems
8224 =item FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
8226 =item $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
8228 =item Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
8236 =head2 perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix
8245 =item Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
8247 =item Using perl from HP's porting centre
8249 =item Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
8253 =item Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
8261 =item Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
8263 =item Itanium & Itanium 2
8265 =item Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
8267 =item The HP ANSI C Compiler
8269 =item The GNU C Compiler
8271 =item Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
8273 =item Threaded Perl on HP-UX
8275 =item 64-bit Perl on HP-UX
8277 =item Oracle on HP-UX
8279 =item GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
8281 =item NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
8283 =item perl -P and // and HP-UX
8285 =item HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
8289 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
8297 =head2 perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd
8305 =item Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
8313 =head2 perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems
8321 =item Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
8323 =item Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
8325 =item About Compiler Versions of Irix
8327 =item Linker Problems in Irix
8329 =item Malloc in Irix
8331 =item Building with threads in Irix
8341 =head2 perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen
8350 =item Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
8352 =item Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
8354 =item Failures during C<make test> on MachTen
8356 op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t
8358 =item Building external modules on MachTen
8368 =head2 perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)
8382 =head2 perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X
8392 =item Installation Prefix
8394 =item libperl and Prebinding
8396 =item Updating Panther
8398 =item Known problems
8408 =item Starting From Scratch
8416 =head2 perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT
8422 =item Known problems with Perl on MiNT
8428 =head2 perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE
8436 =item Binary distribution from HP
8438 =item What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
8440 =item Welcome to Perl/iX
8442 =item System Requirements for Perl/iX
8444 =item How to Obtain Perl/iX
8446 =item Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
8448 README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/,
8449 public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe
8451 =item How to Compile Perl/iX
8455 =item Getting Started with Perl/iX
8457 =item MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
8459 =item Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
8461 =item Perl/iX To-Do List
8463 =item Perl/iX Change History
8469 =head2 perlnetware - Perl for NetWare
8483 SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat
8495 =item BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
8497 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
8505 =head2 perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.
8525 EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh
8527 =item Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
8529 =item Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
8533 =item Frequently asked questions
8537 =item "It does not work"
8539 =item I cannot run external programs
8541 =item I cannot embed perl into my program, or use F<perl.dll> from my
8544 Is your program EMX-compiled with C<-Zmt -Zcrtdll>?, Did you use
8547 =item C<``> and pipe-C<open> do not work under DOS.
8549 =item Cannot start C<find.exe "pattern" file>
8557 =item Automatic binary installation
8559 C<PERL_BADLANG>, C<PERL_BADFREE>, F<Config.pm>
8561 =item Manual binary installation
8563 Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable
8564 (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library,
8565 Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl
8566 and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation,
8567 Perl manual in F<.INF> format, Pdksh
8573 =item Accessing documentation
8577 =item OS/2 F<.INF> file
8585 =item GNU C<info> files
8597 =item The short story
8601 =item Getting perl source
8603 =item Application of the patches
8611 A lot of C<bad free>, Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, F<op/fs.t>,
8614 =item Installing the built perl
8616 =item C<a.out>-style build
8620 =item Building a binary distribution
8622 =item Building custom F<.EXE> files
8626 =item Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
8629 =item Making executables with a custom search-paths
8637 =item Some C</> became C<\> in pdksh.
8639 =item C<'errno'> - unresolved external
8641 =item Problems with tr or sed
8643 =item Some problem (forget which ;-)
8645 =item Library ... not found
8647 =item Segfault in make
8649 =item op/sprintf test failure
8653 =item Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
8657 =item C<setpriority>, C<getpriority>
8661 =item C<extproc> on the first line
8663 =item Additional modules:
8665 =item Prebuilt methods:
8667 C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>, C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
8668 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>, C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>,
8669 C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>,
8670 C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>, C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>,
8671 C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>, C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>,
8672 C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
8673 C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
8674 OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
8675 C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
8676 C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
8677 OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
8678 C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>
8680 =item Prebuilt variables:
8682 $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork,
8689 C<popen>, C<tmpnam>, C<tmpfile>, C<ctermid>, C<stat>, C<mkdir>, C<rmdir>,
8692 =item Identifying DLLs
8694 =item Centralized management of resources
8696 C<HAB>, C<HMQ>, Treating errors reported by OS/2 API,
8697 C<CheckOSError(expr)>, C<CheckWinError(expr)>, C<SaveWinError(expr)>,
8698 C<SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)>, C<WinError_2_Perl_rc>,
8699 C<FillWinError>, C<FillOSError(rc)>, Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs
8713 =item F<perl___.exe>
8715 =item Why strange names?
8717 =item Why dynamic linking?
8719 =item Why chimera build?
8727 =item C<PERLLIB_PREFIX>
8729 =item C<PERL_BADLANG>
8731 =item C<PERL_BADFREE>
8733 =item C<PERL_SH_DIR>
8735 =item C<USE_PERL_FLOCK>
8737 =item C<TMP> or C<TEMP>
8745 =item Text-mode filehandles
8749 =item DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
8751 =item DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
8753 Global DLLs, specific DLLs, C<BEGINLIBPATH> and C<ENDLIBPATH>, F<.> from
8756 =item DLL forwarder generation
8760 =item Calls to external programs
8762 =item Memory allocation
8766 C<COND_WAIT>, F<os2.c>
8782 =head2 perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390
8795 =item Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
8797 =item Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
8799 =item Configure Perl on OS/390
8801 =item Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
8803 =item Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8805 =item Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8807 =item Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8809 =item Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
8811 =item Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
8813 =item Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
8823 =item Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
8831 =head2 perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400
8839 =item Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
8841 =item Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
8843 =item Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
8845 =item Known Problems
8855 =head2 perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl
8865 =item What's in Plan 9 Perl
8867 =item What's not in Plan 9 Perl
8869 =item Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
8871 =item Signals in Plan 9 Perl
8875 =item COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
8879 =item Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
8891 =head2 perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX
8899 =item Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
8901 /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make
8903 =item Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
8905 =item QNX auxiliary files
8909 =item Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
8917 =head2 perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems
8925 =item Solaris Version Numbers.
8931 Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation
8937 =item File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
8939 =item Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
8941 =item Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
8945 =item RUN CONFIGURE.
8949 =item 64-bit perl on Solaris.
8951 =item Threads in perl on Solaris.
8953 =item Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
8957 =item MAKE PROBLEMS.
8959 Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal:
8960 relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No
8961 DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found
8967 =item op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
8969 =item nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
8973 =item PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
8975 =item RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
8979 =item Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
8983 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
8985 =item SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
8989 =item Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
8991 =item BSD::Resource on Solaris
8993 =item Net::SSLeay on Solaris
9005 =head2 perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
9006 Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems
9014 =item Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
9016 =item Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
9018 =item Threaded Perl on Tru64
9020 =item Long Doubles on Tru64
9022 =item DB_File tests failing on Tru64
9024 =item 64-bit Perl on Tru64
9026 =item Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
9030 =item Testing Perl on Tru64
9032 =item ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
9034 =item Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
9040 =head2 perluts - Perl under UTS
9048 =item BUILDING PERL ON UTS
9050 =item Installing the built perl on UTS
9056 =head2 perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.
9066 =item Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
9068 =item Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
9070 =item Configure Perl on VM/ESA
9072 =item Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
9074 =item Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
9084 =item Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA
9090 =head2 perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl
9098 =item Organization of Perl Images
9104 =item Perl Extensions
9106 =item Installing static extensions
9108 =item Installing dynamic extensions
9112 =item File specifications
9118 =item Wildcard expansion
9124 =item PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
9130 =item I/O redirection and backgrounding
9132 =item Command line switches
9138 =item Perl functions
9140 File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump,
9141 exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select
9142 (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime
9143 LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS
9145 =item Perl variables
9147 %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|
9149 =item Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
9163 =head2 perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS
9169 =item BUILDING PERL FOR VOS
9171 =item INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
9173 =item USING PERL IN VOS
9177 =item Restrictions of Perl on VOS
9179 =item Handling of underflow and overflow
9185 =item SUPPORT STATUS
9193 =head2 perlwin32 - Perl under Windows
9203 =item Setting Up Perl on Win32
9205 Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Visual
9206 C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3
9207 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc
9211 =item Testing Perl on Win32
9213 =item Installation of Perl on Win32
9215 =item Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
9217 Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line,
9218 Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific
9219 Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows
9221 =item Running Perl Scripts
9223 =item Miscellaneous Things
9227 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
9229 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
9233 Gary Ng E<lt>71564.1743@CompuServe.COME<gt>, Gurusamy Sarathy
9234 E<lt>gsar@activestate.comE<gt>, Nick Ing-Simmons
9235 E<lt>nick@ing-simmons.netE<gt>
9243 =head1 PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
9245 =head2 attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)
9257 =head2 re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour
9267 =head2 threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing
9268 data structures between threads
9280 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
9281 LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
9282 ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
9294 =head2 threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads
9303 $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach,
9304 threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();,
9305 threads->list();, async BLOCK;
9309 A thread exited while %d other threads were still running
9315 Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN
9316 blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be
9318 =item AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
9324 =head2 assertions - select assertions in blocks of code
9336 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
9340 =head2 assertions::activate - activate assertions
9352 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
9356 =head2 attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes
9366 =item Built-in Attributes
9368 locked, method, lvalue
9370 =item Available Subroutines
9374 =item Package-specific Attribute Handling
9376 FETCH_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_I<type>_ATTRIBUTES
9378 =item Syntax of Attribute Lists
9386 =item Default exports
9388 =item Available exports
9390 =item Export tags defined
9400 =head2 autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used
9416 =head2 base - Establish IS-A relationship with base classes at compile time
9426 Base class package "%s" is empty
9436 =head2 bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl
9448 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
9452 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
9474 =head2 bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl
9486 a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version
9492 inf(), NaN(), upgrade()
9496 =item INTERNAL FORMAT
9514 =head2 bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl
9538 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
9539 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
9540 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
9541 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
9542 perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';
9552 =head2 blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package
9566 =head2 bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
9581 =head2 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal
9590 =item CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
9592 =item CUSTOM ALIASES
9596 =item Anonymous hashes
9600 =item Alias shortcut
9604 =item charnames::viacode(code)
9606 =item charnames::vianame(name)
9610 =item ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
9616 =head2 constant - Perl pragma to declare constants
9628 =item List constants
9630 =item Defining multiple constants at once
9632 =item Magic constants
9636 =item TECHNICAL NOTES
9646 =head2 diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics
9656 =item The C<diagnostics> Pragma
9658 =item The I<splain> Program
9672 =head2 encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8
9682 =item Literal Conversions
9684 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
9686 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
9690 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
9692 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
9696 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
9697 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
9699 =item The Filter Option
9703 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
9713 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
9715 =item tr/// with ranges
9717 Legend of characters above
9721 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
9723 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
9725 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
9729 =item The Logic of :locale
9739 =head2 fields - compile-time class fields
9753 =head2 filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators
9763 =item subpragma access
9769 =head2 if - C<use> a Perl module if a condition holds
9783 =head2 integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
9794 =head2 less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler
9804 =head2 lib - manipulate @INC at compile time
9814 =item Adding directories to @INC
9816 =item Deleting directories from @INC
9818 =item Restoring original @INC
9832 =head2 locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in
9843 =head2 open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output
9851 =item NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
9853 =item IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
9859 =head2 ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling
9871 =head2 overload - Package for overloading perl operations
9881 =item Declaration of overloaded functions
9883 =item Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
9885 FALSE, TRUE, C<undef>
9887 =item Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
9889 =item Calling Conventions for Mutators
9891 C<++> and C<-->, C<x=> and other assignment versions
9893 =item Overloadable Operations
9895 I<Arithmetic operations>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Bit operations>,
9896 I<Increment and decrement>, I<Transcendental functions>, I<Boolean, string
9897 and numeric conversion>, I<Iteration>, I<Dereferencing>, I<Special>
9899 =item Inheritance and overloading
9901 Strings as values of C<use overload> directive, Overloading of an operation
9902 is inherited by derived classes
9906 =item SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR C<use overload>
9914 C<undef>, TRUE, defined, but FALSE
9916 =item Copy Constructor
9922 =item MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
9924 I<Assignment forms of arithmetic operations>, I<Conversion operations>,
9925 I<Increment and decrement>, C<abs($a)>, I<Unary minus>, I<Negation>,
9926 I<Concatenation>, I<Comparison operations>, I<Iterator>, I<Dereferencing>,
9929 =item Losing overloading
9931 =item Run-time Overloading
9933 =item Public functions
9935 overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)
9937 =item Overloading constants
9939 integer, float, binary, q, qr
9941 =item IMPLEMENTATION
9943 =item Metaphor clash
9949 =item Two-face scalars
9951 =item Two-face references
9953 =item Symbolic calculator
9955 =item I<Really> symbolic calculator
9963 Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable
9964 type, `%s' is not a code reference
9970 =head2 sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling
9982 =item SIGNAL HANDLERS
9984 B<stack-trace>, B<die>, B<handler> I<your-handler>
9988 B<normal-signals>, B<error-signals>, B<old-interface-signals>
9992 B<untrapped>, B<any>, I<signal>, I<number>
10000 =head2 sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour
10012 =head2 strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs
10020 C<strict refs>, C<strict vars>, C<strict subs>
10026 =head2 subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names
10036 =head2 threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
10037 structures between threads
10049 share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait CONDVAR,
10050 LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait CONDVAR,
10051 ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE
10063 =head2 utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
10074 =item Utility functions
10076 $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::downgrade($string[,
10077 FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), utf8::decode($string), $flag =
10078 utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)
10088 =head2 vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)
10098 =head2 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
10108 =item What IS a version
10110 Numeric Versions, Quoted Versions
10112 =item What about v-strings?
10114 =item Numeric Versions
10116 =item Quoted Versions
10118 =item Object Methods
10120 New Operator, qv(), Normal Form, Numification, Stringification, Comparison
10121 operators, Logical Operators
10125 =item Types of Versions Objects
10127 Ordinary versions, Alpha versions
10129 =item Replacement UNIVERSAL::VERSION
10141 =head2 vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features
10149 C<vmsish status>, C<vmsish exit>, C<vmsish time>, C<vmsish hushed>
10153 =head2 warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings
10161 use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category),
10162 warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message),
10163 warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message),
10164 warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message),
10165 warnings::warnif($object, $message)
10169 =head2 warnings::register - warnings import function
10179 =head1 MODULE DOCUMENTATION
10181 =head2 AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs
10191 =item DBM Comparisons
10201 =head2 Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers
10211 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
10215 =item Typed lexicals
10217 =item Type-specific attribute handlers
10219 =item Non-interpretive attribute handlers
10221 =item Phase-specific attribute handlers
10223 =item Attributes as C<tie> interfaces
10231 C<Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)>, C<Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s
10232 attributes>, C<Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with
10233 future reserved word>, C<Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine>,
10234 C<Can't autotie a %s>, C<Internal error: %s symbol went missing>, C<Won't
10235 be able to apply END handler>
10245 =head2 AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand
10255 =item Subroutine Stubs
10257 =item Using B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
10259 =item Overriding B<AutoLoader>'s AUTOLOAD Subroutine
10261 =item Package Lexicals
10263 =item Not Using AutoLoader
10265 =item B<AutoLoader> vs. B<SelfLoader>
10275 =head2 AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading
10283 $keep, $check, $modtime
10287 =item Multiple packages
10295 =head2 B - The Perl Compiler
10305 =item Utility Functions
10309 =item Functions Returning C<B::SV>, C<B::AV>, C<B::HV>, and C<B::CV>
10312 sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_generation, init_av,
10313 check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist, regex_padav, main_cv
10315 =item Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
10317 walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)
10319 =item Functions Returning C<B::OP> objects or for walking op trees
10321 main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG)
10323 =item Miscellaneous Utility Functions
10325 ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
10326 perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names
10330 =item OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
10334 =item SV-RELATED CLASSES
10336 =item B::SV Methods
10338 REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref
10340 =item B::IV Methods
10342 IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv
10344 =item B::NV Methods
10348 =item B::RV Methods
10352 =item B::PV Methods
10356 =item B::PVMG Methods
10360 =item B::MAGIC Methods
10362 MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX
10364 =item B::PVLV Methods
10366 TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG
10368 =item B::BM Methods
10370 USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE
10372 =item B::GV Methods
10374 is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN,
10375 LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS
10377 =item B::IO Methods
10379 LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV,
10380 BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD
10382 =item B::AV Methods
10384 FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS
10386 =item B::CV Methods
10388 STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUTSIDE_SEQ, XSUB,
10389 XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv
10391 =item B::HV Methods
10393 FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY
10395 =item OP-RELATED CLASSES
10397 =item B::OP Methods
10399 next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, static, flags, private,
10402 =item B::UNOP METHOD
10406 =item B::BINOP METHOD
10410 =item B::LOGOP METHOD
10414 =item B::LISTOP METHOD
10418 =item B::PMOP Methods
10420 pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
10421 pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset
10423 =item B::SVOP METHOD
10427 =item B::PADOP METHOD
10431 =item B::PVOP METHOD
10435 =item B::LOOP Methods
10437 redoop, nextop, lastop
10439 =item B::COP Methods
10441 label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings, io
10449 =head2 B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate
10458 %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name
10464 =head2 B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode
10476 =head2 B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
10496 =head2 B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
10508 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
10518 =head2 B::C - Perl compiler's C backend
10528 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-D>, B<-Do>, B<-Dc>, B<-DA>,
10529 B<-DC>, B<-DM>, B<-f>, B<-fcog>, B<-fsave-data>, B<-fppaddr>, B<-fwarn-sv>,
10530 B<-fuse-script-name>, B<-fsave-sig-hash>, B<-On>, B<-O0>, B<-O1>, B<-O2>,
10541 =head2 B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend
10551 B<-ofilename>, B<-v>, B<-->, B<-uPackname>, B<-mModulename>, B<-D>, B<-Dr>,
10552 B<-DO>, B<-Ds>, B<-Dp>, B<-Dq>, B<-Dl>, B<-Dt>, B<-f>,
10553 B<-ffreetmps-each-bblock>, B<-ffreetmps-each-loop>, B<-fomit-taint>, B<-On>
10565 =item Context of ".."
10569 =item Deprecated features
10577 =head2 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
10591 =item Options for Opcode Ordering
10593 B<-basic>, B<-exec>, B<-tree>
10595 =item Options for Line-Style
10597 B<-concise>, B<-terse>, B<-linenoise>, B<-debug>, B<-env>
10599 =item Options for tree-specific formatting
10601 B<-compact>, B<-loose>, B<-vt>, B<-ascii>
10603 =item Options controlling sequence numbering
10605 B<-base>I<n>, B<-bigendian>, B<-littleendian>
10607 =item Other options
10609 B<-main>, B<-nomain>, B<-nobanner>, B<-banner>, B<-banneris> => subref
10611 =item Option Stickiness
10615 =item ABBREVIATIONS
10619 =item OP class abbreviations
10621 =item OP flags abbreviations
10625 =item FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
10629 =item Special Patterns
10631 B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>, B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>,
10632 B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>, B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>,
10637 B<#>I<var>, B<#>I<var>I<N>, B<#>I<Var>, B<#addr>, B<#arg>, B<#class>,
10638 B<#classsym>, B<#coplabel>, B<#exname>, B<#extarg>, B<#firstaddr>,
10639 B<#flags>, B<#flagval>, B<#hyphseq>, B<#label>, B<#lastaddr>, B<#name>,
10640 B<#NAME>, B<#next>, B<#nextaddr>, B<#noise>, B<#private>, B<#privval>,
10641 B<#seq>, B<#seqnum>, B<#opt>, B<#static>, B<#sibaddr>, B<#svaddr>,
10642 B<#svclass>, B<#svval>, B<#targ>, B<#targarg>, B<#targarglife>, B<#typenum>
10646 =item Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
10650 =item Example: Altering Concise Renderings
10654 =item set_style_standard($name)
10658 =item add_callback()
10660 =item Running B::Concise::compile()
10662 =item B::Concise::reset_sequence()
10672 =head2 B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
10684 =head2 B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
10694 B<-d>, B<-f>I<FILE>, B<-l>, B<-p>, B<-P>, B<-q>, B<-s>I<LETTERS>, B<C>,
10695 B<i>I<NUMBER>, B<T>, B<v>I<STRING>B<.>, B<-x>I<LEVEL>
10697 =item USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
10707 =item ambient_pragmas
10709 strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits
10721 =head2 B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode
10733 =head2 B::Lint - Perl lint
10741 =item OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
10743 B<context>, B<implicit-read> and B<implicit-write>, B<bare-subs>,
10744 B<dollar-underscore>, B<private-names>, B<undefined-subs>,
10745 B<regexp-variables>, B<all>, B<none>
10747 =item NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
10757 =head2 B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
10767 =item IMPLEMENTATION
10775 =head2 B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files
10799 =head2 B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend
10811 =head2 B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded
10813 =head2 B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
10825 =head2 B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
10835 C<-oFILENAME>, C<-r>, C<-d>, C<-D[tO]>
10843 =head2 Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks
10863 =head2 Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code
10877 =item Standard Exports
10879 timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ),
10880 timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr (
10881 TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )
10883 =item Optional Exports
10885 clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [
10886 STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE),
10887 disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )
10889 =item :hireswallclock
10905 =item MODIFICATION HISTORY
10909 =head2 ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code
10923 =head2 Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend
10935 B<-b>, B<-H>, B<-k>, B<-o>I<outfile>, B<-s>
10945 =head2 CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class
10957 =item PROGRAMMING STYLE
10959 =item CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
10961 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
10963 =item CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
10965 =item FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
10967 =item FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
10969 =item FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
10971 =item SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
10973 =item APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
10975 =item IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
10977 =item DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
10979 =item DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
10981 =item DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
10983 =item FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
10985 =item SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
10987 =item RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
10989 =item USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
10991 B<:cgi>, B<:form>, B<:html2>, B<:html3>, B<:html4>, B<:netscape>, B<:html>,
10992 B<:standard>, B<:all>
10996 -any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph,
10997 -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug,
11000 =item SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
11002 1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a
11003 </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates
11008 =item GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
11012 =item CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
11014 =item GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
11016 =item CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
11018 B<Parameters:>, 4, 5, 6..
11020 =item ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
11022 =item CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
11024 =item OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
11026 B<-absolute>, B<-relative>, B<-full>, B<-path> (B<-path_info>), B<-query>
11027 (B<-query_string>), B<-base>
11029 =item MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
11033 =item CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
11037 =item PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
11039 =item THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
11041 =item HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
11043 =item NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
11045 =item AUTOESCAPING HTML
11047 $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
11048 charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);
11050 =item PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
11054 =item CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
11058 =item CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
11060 =item STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
11062 B<application/x-www-form-urlencoded>, B<multipart/form-data>
11064 =item CREATING A TEXT FIELD
11068 =item CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
11070 =item CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
11072 =item CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
11076 =item CREATING A POPUP MENU
11078 =item CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
11080 =item CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
11084 =item CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
11088 =item CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
11092 =item CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
11096 =item CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
11100 =item CREATING A RESET BUTTON
11102 =item CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
11104 =item CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
11108 =item CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
11110 B<Parameters:>, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment
11111 type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE
11113 =item CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
11119 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
11120 B<-name>, B<-value>, B<-path>, B<-domain>, B<-expires>, B<-secure>
11122 =item WORKING WITH FRAMES
11124 1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
11125 document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in
11128 =item LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
11134 =item DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
11138 =item FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
11140 B<Accept()>, B<raw_cookie()>, B<user_agent()>, B<path_info()>,
11141 B<path_translated()>, B<remote_host()>, B<script_name()> Return the script
11142 name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, B<referer()>, B<auth_type
11143 ()>, B<server_name ()>, B<virtual_host ()>, B<server_port ()>,
11144 B<virtual_port ()>, B<server_software ()>, B<remote_user ()>, B<user_name
11145 ()>, B<request_method()>, B<content_type()>, B<http()>, B<https()>
11147 =item USING NPH SCRIPTS
11149 In the B<use> statement, By calling the B<nph()> method:, By using B<-nph>
11154 multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()
11156 =item Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
11158 B<$CGI::POST_MAX>, B<$CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS>, B<1. On a script-by-script
11159 basis>, B<2. Globally for all scripts>
11161 =item COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
11163 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11167 Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
11168 (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell
11169 (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg
11170 (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
11171 (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis
11172 (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen
11173 (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim
11174 MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks
11175 (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed
11176 Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug
11177 MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org),
11178 ...and many many more..
11180 =item A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
11188 =head2 CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
11198 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11206 =head2 CGI::Carp, B<CGI::Carp> - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or
11215 =item REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
11217 =item MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
11221 =item Changing the default message
11225 =item MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
11227 =item OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
11235 =head2 CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies
11243 =item USING CGI::Cookie
11245 B<1. expiration date>, B<2. domain>, B<3. path>, B<4. secure flag>
11249 =item Creating New Cookies
11251 =item Sending the Cookie to the Browser
11253 =item Recovering Previous Cookies
11255 =item Manipulating Cookies
11257 B<name()>, B<value()>, B<domain()>, B<path()>, B<expires()>
11261 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11269 =head2 CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI
11277 =item OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
11279 =item WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
11281 =item INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
11283 =item USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
11285 =item EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
11287 FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE
11291 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11299 =head2 CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
11309 =item Tags that won't be formatted
11311 =item Customizing the Indenting
11323 =head2 CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push
11331 =item USING CGI::Push
11333 -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph
11337 =item Heterogeneous Pages
11339 =item Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
11343 =item INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
11345 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11353 =head2 CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
11363 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11371 =head2 CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module
11379 =item AUTHOR INFORMATION
11385 =head2 CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
11397 =item Interactive Mode
11399 Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test,
11400 install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or
11401 distribution, ls author, Signals
11409 =item The four C<CPAN::*> Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
11411 =item Programmer's interface
11413 expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples
11415 =item Methods in the other Classes
11417 CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
11418 CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(),
11419 CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(),
11420 CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(),
11421 CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(),
11422 CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(),
11423 CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(),
11424 CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(),
11425 CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(),
11426 CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(),
11427 CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(),
11428 CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
11429 CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
11430 CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
11431 CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
11432 CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(),
11433 CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(),
11434 CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(),
11435 CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(),
11436 CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(),
11437 CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
11438 CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(),
11439 CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(),
11440 CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(),
11441 CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(),
11442 CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()
11444 =item Cache Manager
11448 =item Prerequisites
11450 =item Finding packages and VERSION
11454 =item Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
11458 =item CONFIGURATION
11460 C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>scalar optionE<gt>
11461 E<lt>valueE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>>, C<o conf E<lt>list
11462 optionE<gt> [shift|pop]>, C<o conf E<lt>list optionE<gt>
11463 [unshift|push|splice] E<lt>listE<gt>>
11467 =item Note on urllist parameter's format
11469 =item urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
11477 =item POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
11479 =item WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
11483 =item Three basic types of firewalls
11485 http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade
11487 =item Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
11493 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)
11505 =head2 CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
11515 =head2 CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS
11528 =head2 Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)
11538 =item Forcing a Stack Trace
11546 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
11550 =item $Carp::CarpLevel
11552 =item $Carp::MaxEvalLen
11554 =item $Carp::MaxArgLen
11556 =item $Carp::MaxArgNums
11558 =item $Carp::Verbose
11570 =head2 Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside
11572 =head2 Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree
11582 the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
11583 Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
11584 Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)
11586 =item CAUTIONARY NOTES
11594 =head2 Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
11604 =item The C<struct()> function
11606 =item Class Creation at Compile Time
11608 =item Element Types and Accessor Methods
11610 Scalar (C<'$'> or C<'*$'>), Array (C<'@'> or C<'*@'>), Hash (C<'%'> or
11611 C<'*%'>), Class (C<'Class_Name'> or C<'*Class_Name'>)
11613 =item Initializing with C<new>
11619 Example 1, Example 2, Example 3
11621 =item Author and Modification History
11625 =head2 Config - access Perl configuration information
11633 myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)
11645 C<_a>, C<_exe>, C<_o>
11649 C<afs>, C<afsroot>, C<alignbytes>, C<ansi2knr>, C<aphostname>,
11650 C<api_revision>, C<api_subversion>, C<api_version>, C<api_versionstring>,
11651 C<ar>, C<archlib>, C<archlibexp>, C<archname64>, C<archname>, C<archobjs>,
11652 C<asctime_r_proto>, C<awk>
11656 C<baserev>, C<bash>, C<bin>, C<binexp>, C<bison>, C<byacc>, C<byteorder>
11660 C<c>, C<castflags>, C<cat>, C<cc>, C<cccdlflags>, C<ccdlflags>, C<ccflags>,
11661 C<ccflags_uselargefiles>, C<ccname>, C<ccsymbols>, C<ccversion>, C<cf_by>,
11662 C<cf_email>, C<cf_time>, C<charsize>, C<chgrp>, C<chmod>, C<chown>,
11663 C<clocktype>, C<comm>, C<compress>, C<contains>, C<cp>, C<cpio>, C<cpp>,
11664 C<cpp_stuff>, C<cppccsymbols>, C<cppflags>, C<cpplast>, C<cppminus>,
11665 C<cpprun>, C<cppstdin>, C<cppsymbols>, C<crypt_r_proto>, C<cryptlib>,
11666 C<csh>, C<ctermid_r_proto>, C<ctime_r_proto>
11670 C<d__fwalk>, C<d_access>, C<d_accessx>, C<d_aintl>, C<d_alarm>,
11671 C<d_archlib>, C<d_asctime_r>, C<d_atolf>, C<d_atoll>, C<d_attribut>,
11672 C<d_bcmp>, C<d_bcopy>, C<d_bsd>, C<d_bsdgetpgrp>, C<d_bsdsetpgrp>,
11673 C<d_bzero>, C<d_casti32>, C<d_castneg>, C<d_charvspr>, C<d_chown>,
11674 C<d_chroot>, C<d_chsize>, C<d_class>, C<d_closedir>, C<d_cmsghdr_s>,
11675 C<d_const>, C<d_copysignl>, C<d_crypt>, C<d_crypt_r>, C<d_csh>,
11676 C<d_ctermid_r>, C<d_ctime_r>, C<d_cuserid>, C<d_dbl_dig>,
11677 C<d_dbminitproto>, C<d_difftime>, C<d_dirfd>, C<d_dirnamlen>, C<d_dlerror>,
11678 C<d_dlopen>, C<d_dlsymun>, C<d_dosuid>, C<d_drand48_r>, C<d_drand48proto>,
11679 C<d_dup2>, C<d_eaccess>, C<d_endgrent>, C<d_endgrent_r>, C<d_endhent>,
11680 C<d_endhostent_r>, C<d_endnent>, C<d_endnetent_r>, C<d_endpent>,
11681 C<d_endprotoent_r>, C<d_endpwent>, C<d_endpwent_r>, C<d_endsent>,
11682 C<d_endservent_r>, C<d_eofnblk>, C<d_eunice>, C<d_faststdio>, C<d_fchdir>,
11683 C<d_fchmod>, C<d_fchown>, C<d_fcntl>, C<d_fcntl_can_lock>, C<d_fd_macros>,
11684 C<d_fd_set>, C<d_fds_bits>, C<d_fgetpos>, C<d_finite>, C<d_finitel>,
11685 C<d_flexfnam>, C<d_flock>, C<d_flockproto>, C<d_fork>, C<d_fp_class>,
11686 C<d_fpathconf>, C<d_fpclass>, C<d_fpclassify>, C<d_fpclassl>,
11687 C<d_fpos64_t>, C<d_frexpl>, C<d_fs_data_s>, C<d_fseeko>, C<d_fsetpos>,
11688 C<d_fstatfs>, C<d_fstatvfs>, C<d_fsync>, C<d_ftello>, C<d_ftime>,
11689 C<d_Gconvert>, C<d_getcwd>, C<d_getespwnam>, C<d_getfsstat>, C<d_getgrent>,
11690 C<d_getgrent_r>, C<d_getgrgid_r>, C<d_getgrnam_r>, C<d_getgrps>,
11691 C<d_gethbyaddr>, C<d_gethbyname>, C<d_gethent>, C<d_gethname>,
11692 C<d_gethostbyaddr_r>, C<d_gethostbyname_r>, C<d_gethostent_r>,
11693 C<d_gethostprotos>, C<d_getitimer>, C<d_getlogin>, C<d_getlogin_r>,
11694 C<d_getmnt>, C<d_getmntent>, C<d_getnbyaddr>, C<d_getnbyname>,
11695 C<d_getnent>, C<d_getnetbyaddr_r>, C<d_getnetbyname_r>, C<d_getnetent_r>,
11696 C<d_getnetprotos>, C<d_getpagsz>, C<d_getpbyname>, C<d_getpbynumber>,
11697 C<d_getpent>, C<d_getpgid>, C<d_getpgrp2>, C<d_getpgrp>, C<d_getppid>,
11698 C<d_getprior>, C<d_getprotobyname_r>, C<d_getprotobynumber_r>,
11699 C<d_getprotoent_r>, C<d_getprotoprotos>, C<d_getprpwnam>, C<d_getpwent>,
11700 C<d_getpwent_r>, C<d_getpwnam_r>, C<d_getpwuid_r>, C<d_getsbyname>,
11701 C<d_getsbyport>, C<d_getsent>, C<d_getservbyname_r>, C<d_getservbyport_r>,
11702 C<d_getservent_r>, C<d_getservprotos>, C<d_getspnam>, C<d_getspnam_r>,
11703 C<d_gettimeod>, C<d_gmtime_r>, C<d_gnulibc>, C<d_grpasswd>, C<d_hasmntopt>,
11704 C<d_htonl>, C<d_ilogbl>, C<d_index>, C<d_inetaton>, C<d_int64_t>,
11705 C<d_isascii>, C<d_isfinite>, C<d_isinf>, C<d_isnan>, C<d_isnanl>,
11706 C<d_killpg>, C<d_lchown>, C<d_ldbl_dig>, C<d_link>, C<d_localtime_r>,
11707 C<d_locconv>, C<d_lockf>, C<d_longdbl>, C<d_longlong>, C<d_lseekproto>,
11708 C<d_lstat>, C<d_madvise>, C<d_mblen>, C<d_mbstowcs>, C<d_mbtowc>,
11709 C<d_memchr>, C<d_memcmp>, C<d_memcpy>, C<d_memmove>, C<d_memset>,
11710 C<d_mkdir>, C<d_mkdtemp>, C<d_mkfifo>, C<d_mkstemp>, C<d_mkstemps>,
11711 C<d_mktime>, C<d_mmap>, C<d_modfl>, C<d_modfl_pow32_bug>, C<d_modflproto>,
11712 C<d_mprotect>, C<d_msg>, C<d_msg_ctrunc>, C<d_msg_dontroute>, C<d_msg_oob>,
11713 C<d_msg_peek>, C<d_msg_proxy>, C<d_msgctl>, C<d_msgget>, C<d_msghdr_s>,
11714 C<d_msgrcv>, C<d_msgsnd>, C<d_msync>, C<d_munmap>, C<d_mymalloc>,
11715 C<d_nice>, C<d_nl_langinfo>, C<d_nv_preserves_uv>, C<d_off64_t>,
11716 C<d_old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<d_oldpthreads>, C<d_oldsock>,
11717 C<d_open3>, C<d_pathconf>, C<d_pause>, C<d_perl_otherlibdirs>,
11718 C<d_phostname>, C<d_pipe>, C<d_poll>, C<d_portable>, C<d_PRId64>,
11719 C<d_PRIeldbl>, C<d_PRIEUldbl>, C<d_PRIfldbl>, C<d_PRIFUldbl>,
11720 C<d_PRIgldbl>, C<d_PRIGUldbl>, C<d_PRIi64>, C<d_PRIo64>, C<d_PRIu64>,
11721 C<d_PRIx64>, C<d_PRIXU64>, C<d_procselfexe>, C<d_pthread_atfork>,
11722 C<d_pthread_attr_setscope>, C<d_pthread_yield>, C<d_pwage>, C<d_pwchange>,
11723 C<d_pwclass>, C<d_pwcomment>, C<d_pwexpire>, C<d_pwgecos>, C<d_pwpasswd>,
11724 C<d_pwquota>, C<d_qgcvt>, C<d_quad>, C<d_random_r>, C<d_readdir64_r>,
11725 C<d_readdir>, C<d_readdir_r>, C<d_readlink>, C<d_readv>, C<d_recvmsg>,
11726 C<d_rename>, C<d_rewinddir>, C<d_rmdir>, C<d_safebcpy>, C<d_safemcpy>,
11727 C<d_sanemcmp>, C<d_sbrkproto>, C<d_scalbnl>, C<d_sched_yield>,
11728 C<d_scm_rights>, C<d_SCNfldbl>, C<d_seekdir>, C<d_select>, C<d_sem>,
11729 C<d_semctl>, C<d_semctl_semid_ds>, C<d_semctl_semun>, C<d_semget>,
11730 C<d_semop>, C<d_sendmsg>, C<d_setegid>, C<d_seteuid>, C<d_setgrent>,
11731 C<d_setgrent_r>, C<d_setgrps>, C<d_sethent>, C<d_sethostent_r>,
11732 C<d_setitimer>, C<d_setlinebuf>, C<d_setlocale>, C<d_setlocale_r>,
11733 C<d_setnent>, C<d_setnetent_r>, C<d_setpent>, C<d_setpgid>, C<d_setpgrp2>,
11734 C<d_setpgrp>, C<d_setprior>, C<d_setproctitle>, C<d_setprotoent_r>,
11735 C<d_setpwent>, C<d_setpwent_r>, C<d_setregid>, C<d_setresgid>,
11736 C<d_setresuid>, C<d_setreuid>, C<d_setrgid>, C<d_setruid>, C<d_setsent>,
11737 C<d_setservent_r>, C<d_setsid>, C<d_setvbuf>, C<d_sfio>, C<d_shm>,
11738 C<d_shmat>, C<d_shmatprototype>, C<d_shmctl>, C<d_shmdt>, C<d_shmget>,
11739 C<d_sigaction>, C<d_sigprocmask>, C<d_sigsetjmp>, C<d_sockatmark>,
11740 C<d_sockatmarkproto>, C<d_socket>, C<d_socklen_t>, C<d_sockpair>,
11741 C<d_socks5_init>, C<d_sqrtl>, C<d_srand48_r>, C<d_srandom_r>,
11742 C<d_sresgproto>, C<d_sresuproto>, C<d_statblks>, C<d_statfs_f_flags>,
11743 C<d_statfs_s>, C<d_statvfs>, C<d_stdio_cnt_lval>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval>,
11744 C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt>, C<d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt>,
11745 C<d_stdio_stream_array>, C<d_stdiobase>, C<d_stdstdio>, C<d_strchr>,
11746 C<d_strcoll>, C<d_strctcpy>, C<d_strerrm>, C<d_strerror>, C<d_strerror_r>,
11747 C<d_strftime>, C<d_strlcat>, C<d_strlcpy>, C<d_strtod>, C<d_strtol>,
11748 C<d_strtold>, C<d_strtoll>, C<d_strtoq>, C<d_strtoul>, C<d_strtoull>,
11749 C<d_strtouq>, C<d_strxfrm>, C<d_suidsafe>, C<d_symlink>, C<d_syscall>,
11750 C<d_syscallproto>, C<d_sysconf>, C<d_sysernlst>, C<d_syserrlst>,
11751 C<d_system>, C<d_tcgetpgrp>, C<d_tcsetpgrp>, C<d_telldir>,
11752 C<d_telldirproto>, C<d_time>, C<d_times>, C<d_tm_tm_gmtoff>,
11753 C<d_tm_tm_zone>, C<d_tmpnam_r>, C<d_truncate>, C<d_ttyname_r>, C<d_tzname>,
11754 C<d_u32align>, C<d_ualarm>, C<d_umask>, C<d_uname>, C<d_union_semun>,
11755 C<d_unordered>, C<d_usleep>, C<d_usleepproto>, C<d_ustat>, C<d_vendorarch>,
11756 C<d_vendorbin>, C<d_vendorlib>, C<d_vendorscript>, C<d_vfork>,
11757 C<d_void_closedir>, C<d_voidsig>, C<d_voidtty>, C<d_volatile>,
11758 C<d_vprintf>, C<d_wait4>, C<d_waitpid>, C<d_wcstombs>, C<d_wctomb>,
11759 C<d_writev>, C<d_xenix>, C<date>, C<db_hashtype>, C<db_prefixtype>,
11760 C<db_version_major>, C<db_version_minor>, C<db_version_patch>,
11761 C<defvoidused>, C<direntrytype>, C<dlext>, C<dlsrc>, C<doublesize>,
11762 C<drand01>, C<drand48_r_proto>, C<dynamic_ext>
11766 C<eagain>, C<ebcdic>, C<echo>, C<egrep>, C<emacs>, C<endgrent_r_proto>,
11767 C<endhostent_r_proto>, C<endnetent_r_proto>, C<endprotoent_r_proto>,
11768 C<endpwent_r_proto>, C<endservent_r_proto>, C<eunicefix>, C<exe_ext>,
11769 C<expr>, C<extensions>, C<extras>
11773 C<fflushall>, C<fflushNULL>, C<find>, C<firstmakefile>, C<flex>,
11774 C<fpossize>, C<fpostype>, C<freetype>, C<from>, C<full_ar>, C<full_csh>,
11779 C<gccansipedantic>, C<gccosandvers>, C<gccversion>, C<getgrent_r_proto>,
11780 C<getgrgid_r_proto>, C<getgrnam_r_proto>, C<gethostbyaddr_r_proto>,
11781 C<gethostbyname_r_proto>, C<gethostent_r_proto>, C<getlogin_r_proto>,
11782 C<getnetbyaddr_r_proto>, C<getnetbyname_r_proto>, C<getnetent_r_proto>,
11783 C<getprotobyname_r_proto>, C<getprotobynumber_r_proto>,
11784 C<getprotoent_r_proto>, C<getpwent_r_proto>, C<getpwnam_r_proto>,
11785 C<getpwuid_r_proto>, C<getservbyname_r_proto>, C<getservbyport_r_proto>,
11786 C<getservent_r_proto>, C<getspnam_r_proto>, C<gidformat>, C<gidsign>,
11787 C<gidsize>, C<gidtype>, C<glibpth>, C<gmake>, C<gmtime_r_proto>,
11788 C<gnulibc_version>, C<grep>, C<groupcat>, C<groupstype>, C<gzip>
11792 C<h_fcntl>, C<h_sysfile>, C<hint>, C<hostcat>, C<html1dir>, C<html1direxp>,
11793 C<html3dir>, C<html3direxp>
11797 C<i16size>, C<i16type>, C<i32size>, C<i32type>, C<i64size>, C<i64type>,
11798 C<i8size>, C<i8type>, C<i_arpainet>, C<i_bsdioctl>, C<i_crypt>, C<i_db>,
11799 C<i_dbm>, C<i_dirent>, C<i_dld>, C<i_dlfcn>, C<i_fcntl>, C<i_float>,
11800 C<i_fp>, C<i_fp_class>, C<i_gdbm>, C<i_grp>, C<i_ieeefp>, C<i_inttypes>,
11801 C<i_langinfo>, C<i_libutil>, C<i_limits>, C<i_locale>, C<i_machcthr>,
11802 C<i_malloc>, C<i_math>, C<i_memory>, C<i_mntent>, C<i_ndbm>, C<i_netdb>,
11803 C<i_neterrno>, C<i_netinettcp>, C<i_niin>, C<i_poll>, C<i_prot>,
11804 C<i_pthread>, C<i_pwd>, C<i_rpcsvcdbm>, C<i_sfio>, C<i_sgtty>, C<i_shadow>,
11805 C<i_socks>, C<i_stdarg>, C<i_stddef>, C<i_stdlib>, C<i_string>,
11806 C<i_sunmath>, C<i_sysaccess>, C<i_sysdir>, C<i_sysfile>, C<i_sysfilio>,
11807 C<i_sysin>, C<i_sysioctl>, C<i_syslog>, C<i_sysmman>, C<i_sysmode>,
11808 C<i_sysmount>, C<i_sysndir>, C<i_sysparam>, C<i_sysresrc>, C<i_syssecrt>,
11809 C<i_sysselct>, C<i_syssockio>, C<i_sysstat>, C<i_sysstatfs>,
11810 C<i_sysstatvfs>, C<i_systime>, C<i_systimek>, C<i_systimes>, C<i_systypes>,
11811 C<i_sysuio>, C<i_sysun>, C<i_sysutsname>, C<i_sysvfs>, C<i_syswait>,
11812 C<i_termio>, C<i_termios>, C<i_time>, C<i_unistd>, C<i_ustat>, C<i_utime>,
11813 C<i_values>, C<i_varargs>, C<i_varhdr>, C<i_vfork>,
11814 C<ignore_versioned_solibs>, C<inc_version_list>, C<inc_version_list_init>,
11815 C<incpath>, C<inews>, C<installarchlib>, C<installbin>, C<installhtml1dir>,
11816 C<installhtml3dir>, C<installman1dir>, C<installman3dir>, C<installprefix>,
11817 C<installprefixexp>, C<installprivlib>, C<installscript>,
11818 C<installsitearch>, C<installsitebin>, C<installsitehtml1dir>,
11819 C<installsitehtml3dir>, C<installsitelib>, C<installsiteman1dir>,
11820 C<installsiteman3dir>, C<installsitescript>, C<installstyle>,
11821 C<installusrbinperl>, C<installvendorarch>, C<installvendorbin>,
11822 C<installvendorhtml1dir>, C<installvendorhtml3dir>, C<installvendorlib>,
11823 C<installvendorman1dir>, C<installvendorman3dir>, C<installvendorscript>,
11824 C<intsize>, C<issymlink>, C<ivdformat>, C<ivsize>, C<ivtype>
11828 C<known_extensions>, C<ksh>
11832 C<ld>, C<lddlflags>, C<ldflags>, C<ldflags_uselargefiles>, C<ldlibpthname>,
11833 C<less>, C<lib_ext>, C<libc>, C<libperl>, C<libpth>, C<libs>, C<libsdirs>,
11834 C<libsfiles>, C<libsfound>, C<libspath>, C<libswanted>,
11835 C<libswanted_uselargefiles>, C<line>, C<lint>, C<lkflags>, C<ln>, C<lns>,
11836 C<localtime_r_proto>, C<locincpth>, C<loclibpth>, C<longdblsize>,
11837 C<longlongsize>, C<longsize>, C<lp>, C<lpr>, C<ls>, C<lseeksize>,
11842 C<mail>, C<mailx>, C<make>, C<make_set_make>, C<mallocobj>, C<mallocsrc>,
11843 C<malloctype>, C<man1dir>, C<man1direxp>, C<man1ext>, C<man3dir>,
11844 C<man3direxp>, C<man3ext>
11848 C<Mcc>, C<mips_type>, C<mistrustnm>, C<mkdir>, C<mmaptype>, C<modetype>,
11849 C<more>, C<multiarch>, C<mv>, C<myarchname>, C<mydomain>, C<myhostname>,
11854 C<n>, C<need_va_copy>, C<netdb_hlen_type>, C<netdb_host_type>,
11855 C<netdb_name_type>, C<netdb_net_type>, C<nm>, C<nm_opt>, C<nm_so_opt>,
11856 C<nonxs_ext>, C<nroff>, C<nv_preserves_uv_bits>, C<nveformat>,
11857 C<nvEUformat>, C<nvfformat>, C<nvFUformat>, C<nvgformat>, C<nvGUformat>,
11858 C<nvsize>, C<nvtype>
11862 C<o_nonblock>, C<obj_ext>, C<old_pthread_create_joinable>, C<optimize>,
11863 C<orderlib>, C<osname>, C<osvers>, C<otherlibdirs>
11867 C<package>, C<pager>, C<passcat>, C<patchlevel>, C<path_sep>, C<perl5>,
11868 C<perl>, C<perl_patchlevel>
11872 C<PERL_REVISION>, C<PERL_SUBVERSION>, C<PERL_VERSION>, C<perladmin>,
11873 C<perllibs>, C<perlpath>, C<pg>, C<phostname>, C<pidtype>, C<plibpth>,
11874 C<pmake>, C<pr>, C<prefix>, C<prefixexp>, C<privlib>, C<privlibexp>,
11875 C<procselfexe>, C<prototype>, C<ptrsize>
11879 C<quadkind>, C<quadtype>
11883 C<randbits>, C<randfunc>, C<random_r_proto>, C<randseedtype>, C<ranlib>,
11884 C<rd_nodata>, C<readdir64_r_proto>, C<readdir_r_proto>, C<revision>, C<rm>,
11885 C<rmail>, C<run>, C<runnm>
11889 C<sched_yield>, C<scriptdir>, C<scriptdirexp>, C<sed>, C<seedfunc>,
11890 C<selectminbits>, C<selecttype>, C<sendmail>, C<setgrent_r_proto>,
11891 C<sethostent_r_proto>, C<setlocale_r_proto>, C<setnetent_r_proto>,
11892 C<setprotoent_r_proto>, C<setpwent_r_proto>, C<setservent_r_proto>, C<sh>,
11893 C<shar>, C<sharpbang>, C<shmattype>, C<shortsize>, C<shrpenv>, C<shsharp>,
11894 C<sig_count>, C<sig_name>, C<sig_name_init>, C<sig_num>, C<sig_num_init>,
11895 C<sig_size>, C<signal_t>, C<sitearch>, C<sitearchexp>, C<sitebin>,
11896 C<sitebinexp>, C<sitehtml1dir>, C<sitehtml1direxp>, C<sitehtml3dir>,
11897 C<sitehtml3direxp>, C<sitelib>, C<sitelib_stem>, C<sitelibexp>,
11898 C<siteman1dir>, C<siteman1direxp>, C<siteman3dir>, C<siteman3direxp>,
11899 C<siteprefix>, C<siteprefixexp>, C<sitescript>, C<sitescriptexp>,
11900 C<sizesize>, C<sizetype>, C<sleep>, C<smail>, C<so>, C<sockethdr>,
11901 C<socketlib>, C<socksizetype>, C<sort>, C<spackage>, C<spitshell>,
11902 C<sPRId64>, C<sPRIeldbl>, C<sPRIEUldbl>, C<sPRIfldbl>, C<sPRIFUldbl>,
11903 C<sPRIgldbl>, C<sPRIGUldbl>, C<sPRIi64>, C<sPRIo64>, C<sPRIu64>,
11904 C<sPRIx64>, C<sPRIXU64>, C<srand48_r_proto>, C<srandom_r_proto>, C<src>,
11905 C<sSCNfldbl>, C<ssizetype>, C<startperl>, C<startsh>, C<static_ext>,
11906 C<stdchar>, C<stdio_base>, C<stdio_bufsiz>, C<stdio_cnt>, C<stdio_filbuf>,
11907 C<stdio_ptr>, C<stdio_stream_array>, C<strerror_r_proto>, C<strings>,
11908 C<submit>, C<subversion>, C<sysman>
11912 C<tail>, C<tar>, C<targetarch>, C<tbl>, C<tee>, C<test>, C<timeincl>,
11913 C<timetype>, C<tmpnam_r_proto>, C<to>, C<touch>, C<tr>, C<trnl>, C<troff>,
11918 C<u16size>, C<u16type>, C<u32size>, C<u32type>, C<u64size>, C<u64type>,
11919 C<u8size>, C<u8type>, C<uidformat>, C<uidsign>, C<uidsize>, C<uidtype>,
11920 C<uname>, C<uniq>, C<uquadtype>, C<use5005threads>, C<use64bitall>,
11921 C<use64bitint>, C<usecrosscompile>, C<usedl>, C<usefaststdio>,
11922 C<useithreads>, C<uselargefiles>, C<uselongdouble>, C<usemallocwrap>,
11923 C<usemorebits>, C<usemultiplicity>, C<usemymalloc>, C<usenm>, C<useopcode>,
11924 C<useperlio>, C<useposix>, C<usereentrant>, C<usesfio>, C<useshrplib>,
11925 C<usesocks>, C<usethreads>, C<usevendorprefix>, C<usevfork>, C<usrinc>,
11926 C<uuname>, C<uvoformat>, C<uvsize>, C<uvtype>, C<uvuformat>, C<uvxformat>,
11931 C<vendorarch>, C<vendorarchexp>, C<vendorbin>, C<vendorbinexp>,
11932 C<vendorhtml1dir>, C<vendorhtml1direxp>, C<vendorhtml3dir>,
11933 C<vendorhtml3direxp>, C<vendorlib>, C<vendorlib_stem>, C<vendorlibexp>,
11934 C<vendorman1dir>, C<vendorman1direxp>, C<vendorman3dir>,
11935 C<vendorman3direxp>, C<vendorprefix>, C<vendorprefixexp>, C<vendorscript>,
11936 C<vendorscriptexp>, C<version>, C<version_patchlevel_string>,
11937 C<versiononly>, C<vi>, C<voidflags>
11945 C<yacc>, C<yaccflags>
11957 =head2 Cwd - get pathname of current working directory
11967 =item getcwd and friends
11969 getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd
11971 =item abs_path and friends
11973 abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path
11987 =head2 DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft,
11999 =item Global Variables
12001 $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args,
12002 @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname,
12007 CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'),
12008 CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()
12010 =item Client Callback Methods
12012 CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(),
12013 CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(),
12014 CLIENT->output(LIST)
12024 =head2 DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values
12032 =item What is a DBM Filter?
12036 =item So what's new?
12044 =item $db->Filter_Push()
12046 =item $db->Filter_Key_Push()
12048 =item $db->Filter_Value_Push()
12050 Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push
12052 =item $db->Filter_Pop()
12054 =item $db->Filtered()
12058 =item Writing a Filter
12062 =item Immediate Filters
12064 =item Canned Filters
12070 =item Filters Included
12072 utf8, encode, compress, int32, null
12078 =item Maintain Round Trip Integrity
12080 =item Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
12092 =head2 DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
12100 B<DB_HASH>, B<DB_BTREE>, B<DB_RECNO>
12104 =item Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
12106 =item Interface to Berkeley DB
12108 =item Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
12110 =item Default Parameters
12112 =item In Memory Databases
12120 =item A Simple Example
12128 =item Changing the BTREE sort order
12130 =item Handling Duplicate Keys
12132 =item The get_dup() Method
12134 =item The find_dup() Method
12136 =item The del_dup() Method
12138 =item Matching Partial Keys
12146 =item The 'bval' Option
12148 =item A Simple Example
12150 =item Extra RECNO Methods
12152 B<$X-E<gt>push(list) ;>, B<$value = $X-E<gt>pop ;>, B<$X-E<gt>shift>,
12153 B<$X-E<gt>unshift(list) ;>, B<$X-E<gt>length>, B<$X-E<gt>splice(offset,
12154 length, elements);>
12156 =item Another Example
12160 =item THE API INTERFACE
12162 B<$status = $X-E<gt>get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status =
12163 $X-E<gt>put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>del($key [,
12164 $flags]) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>fd ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>seq($key,
12165 $value, $flags) ;>, B<$status = $X-E<gt>sync([$flags]) ;>
12169 B<filter_store_key>, B<filter_store_value>, B<filter_fetch_key>,
12170 B<filter_fetch_value>
12176 =item An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
12178 =item Another Example -- Key is a C int.
12182 =item HINTS AND TIPS
12186 =item Locking: The Trouble with fd
12188 =item Safe ways to lock a database
12190 B<Tie::DB_Lock>, B<Tie::DB_LockFile>, B<DB_File::Lock>
12192 =item Sharing Databases With C Applications
12194 =item The untie() Gotcha
12198 =item COMMON QUESTIONS
12202 =item Why is there Perl source in my database?
12204 =item How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
12206 =item What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
12208 =item What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
12228 =head2 Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
12229 printing and C<eval>
12241 I<PACKAGE>->new(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Dump I<or>
12242 I<PACKAGE>->Dump(I<ARRAYREF [>, I<ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Seen(I<[HASHREF]>),
12243 I<$OBJ>->Values(I<[ARRAYREF]>), I<$OBJ>->Names(I<[ARRAYREF]>),
12250 =item Configuration Variables or Methods
12276 =head2 Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler
12284 =item PROFILE FORMAT
12296 =head2 Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability
12306 =item Why use ppport.h?
12308 You should use F<ppport.h> in modern code so that your code will work
12309 with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, without significant
12312 =item How to use ppport.h
12314 =item Running ppport.h
12326 =item COMPATIBILITY
12330 =item Provided Perl compatibility API
12332 =item Perl API not supported by ppport.h
12334 perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0,
12335 perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03,
12336 perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004_04, perl 5.004
12350 =head2 Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
12360 =item Runtime debugging
12362 =item Memory footprint debugging
12370 =item A simple scalar string
12372 =item A simple scalar number
12374 =item A simple scalar with an extra reference
12376 =item A reference to a simple scalar
12378 =item A reference to an array
12380 =item A reference to a hash
12382 =item Dumping a large array or hash
12384 =item A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
12386 =item A reference to a subroutine
12400 =head2 Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
12410 =head2 Digest - Modules that calculate message digests
12418 I<binary>, I<hex>, I<base64>
12422 $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx =
12423 Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset,
12424 $ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits(
12425 $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest,
12426 $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest
12436 =head2 Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
12446 md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)
12450 $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...),
12451 $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits),
12452 $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest
12464 =head2 Digest::base - Digest base class
12476 =head2 DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles
12488 =head2 Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.
12500 C<arrayDepth>, C<hashDepth>, C<compactDump>, C<veryCompact>, C<globPrint>,
12501 C<dumpDBFiles>, C<dumpPackages>, C<dumpReused>, C<tick>, C<quoteHighBit>,
12502 C<printUndef>, C<usageOnly>, unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit,
12507 dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl,
12508 compactDump, veryCompact, set, get
12514 =head2 DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
12522 @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs,
12523 @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(),
12524 dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(),
12525 dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(),
12526 dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()
12532 =head2 DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into
12543 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
12545 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
12549 =item Order of initialization: early load()
12553 =item The most hairy case
12563 =head2 Encode - character encodings
12571 =item Table of Contents
12583 =item PERL ENCODING API
12585 $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING,
12586 $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [,
12587 CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [,
12592 =item Listing available encodings
12594 =item Defining Aliases
12598 =item Encoding via PerlIO
12600 =item Handling Malformed Data
12602 B<NOTE:> Not all encoding suppport this feature, I<CHECK> =
12603 Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), I<CHECK> =
12604 Encode::FB_QUIET, I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (I<CHECK> =
12605 Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML
12606 charref mode (I<CHECK> = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask
12610 =item Unimplemented fallback schemes
12614 =item Defining Encodings
12616 =item The UTF-8 flag
12618 Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:
12622 =item Messing with Perl's Internals
12624 is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)
12634 =head2 Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings
12642 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
12647 =item Alias overloading
12655 =head2 Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings
12669 =head2 Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
12671 =head2 Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings
12687 =head2 Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN
12689 =head2 Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode
12691 =head2 Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings
12705 =head2 Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class
12715 =item Methods you should implement
12717 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
12718 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
12720 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
12722 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
12723 -E<gt>needs_lines()
12725 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
12729 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
12733 =item Compiled Encodings
12739 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
12743 =head2 Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data
12753 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
12754 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
12755 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
12765 =head2 Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings
12775 =item Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
12783 =head2 Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
12785 =head2 Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP
12787 =head2 Encode::KR - Korean Encodings
12801 =head2 Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR
12803 =head2 Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
12819 =head2 Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
12825 =item How does it work?
12827 =item Line Buffering
12831 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
12839 =head2 Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode
12847 =item Encoding Names
12851 =item Supported Encodings
12855 =item Built-in Encodings
12857 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
12859 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
12861 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
12862 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
12864 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
12866 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
12867 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
12868 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
12870 =item Miscellaneous encodings
12872 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
12876 =item Unsupported encodings
12878 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
12879 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
12880 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
12881 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
12883 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
12885 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
12889 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
12891 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
12897 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
12898 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
12905 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
12906 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
12910 =item Other Notable Sites
12912 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
12913 "Introduction to i18n"
12915 =item Offline sources
12917 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
12923 =head2 Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings
12937 =head2 Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
12953 =head2 Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats
12961 L<http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference
12963 =item Size, Endianness, and BOM
12969 =item by endianness
12971 BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order
12975 =item Surrogate Pairs
12977 =item Error Checking
12983 =head2 Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding
12997 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to
13006 As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code
13011 =item Alias overloading
13019 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm --
13020 Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
13022 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
13025 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
13028 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode
13029 Implementation Base Class
13039 =item Methods you should implement
13041 -E<gt>encode($string [,$check]), -E<gt>decode($octets [,$check]),
13042 -E<gt>cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check])
13044 =item Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
13046 -E<gt>name, -E<gt>renew, -E<gt>renewed, -E<gt>perlio_ok(),
13047 -E<gt>needs_lines()
13049 =item Example: Encode::ROT13
13053 =item Why the heck Encode API is different?
13057 =item Compiled Encodings
13063 Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes
13067 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from
13078 Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
13079 Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
13080 guess_encoding($data, [, I<list of suspects>])
13090 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
13091 Encode::JP::2022_JP*
13093 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used
13096 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
13099 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B'
13100 and 'Q' header encoding
13116 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document
13117 on Encode and PerlIO
13123 =item How does it work?
13125 =item Line Buffering
13129 =item How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
13137 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings
13138 supported by Encode
13146 =item Encoding Names
13150 =item Supported Encodings
13154 =item Built-in Encodings
13156 =item Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
13158 =item Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
13160 ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for
13161 the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1
13163 =item CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
13165 Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea,
13166 Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN,
13167 Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN
13169 =item Miscellaneous encodings
13171 Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess
13175 =item Unsupported encodings
13177 ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
13178 Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
13179 System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
13180 Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings
13182 =item Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
13184 =item Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
13188 =item Microsoft-related naming mess
13190 KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS
13196 character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme
13197 (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF,
13204 ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq C<ISO-2022>), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO,
13205 RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary
13209 =item Other Notable Sites
13211 czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
13212 "Introduction to i18n"
13214 =item Offline sources
13216 C<CJKV Information Processing> by Ken Lunde
13222 =head2 Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
13237 =head2 Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
13249 =item Predefined Methods
13251 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
13252 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
13253 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
13255 =item Example: base64 transcoder
13257 =item Operator Overloading
13265 =head2 Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in
13266 non-ascii or non-utf8
13276 =item Literal Conversions
13278 =item PerlIO layers for C<STD(IN|OUT)>
13280 =item Implicit upgrading for byte strings
13284 =item FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
13286 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle
13290 use encoding [I<ENCNAME>] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> [ STDIN =E<gt>
13291 I<ENCNAME_IN> ...] ;, use encoding I<ENCNAME> Filter=E<gt>1;, no encoding;
13293 =item The Filter Option
13297 =item Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
13307 =item DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
13309 =item tr/// with ranges
13311 Legend of characters above
13315 =item EXAMPLE - Greekperl
13317 =item KNOWN PROBLEMS
13319 literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format
13323 =item The Logic of :locale
13333 =head2 Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder
13345 =item Predefined Methods
13347 $e = Encode::Encoder-E<gt>new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
13348 $e-E<gt>data([$data]), $e-E<gt>encoding([$encoding]),
13349 $e-E<gt>bytes([$encoding])
13351 =item Example: base64 transcoder
13353 =item Operator Overloading
13361 =head2 English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation
13374 =head2 Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
13389 =head2 Errno - System errno constants
13405 =head2 Exporter - Implements default import method for modules
13415 =item How to Export
13417 =item Selecting What To Export
13419 =item How to Import
13421 C<use ModuleName;>, C<use ModuleName ();>, C<use ModuleName qw(...);>
13425 =item Advanced features
13429 =item Specialised Import Lists
13431 =item Exporting without using Exporter's import method
13433 =item Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
13435 =item Module Version Checking
13437 =item Managing Unknown Symbols
13439 =item Tag Handling Utility Functions
13441 =item Generating combined tags
13443 =item C<AUTOLOAD>ed Constants
13449 =head2 Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts
13459 =head2 ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in
13480 mv source... destination
13482 cp source... destination
13502 =head2 ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
13516 B<warn_if_old_packlist>
13518 B<perllocal_install>
13522 =head2 ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
13532 IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF
13540 perl_stringify NAME
13544 memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
13546 assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..
13550 switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..
13558 C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item
13561 XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
13563 autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
13565 WriteMakefileSnippet
13567 WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE,
13568 BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
13576 =head2 ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
13588 xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(),
13589 ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)
13599 =head2 ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there
13617 B<install_default> I<DISCOURAGED>
13629 B<PERL_INSTALL_ROOT>
13637 =head2 ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules
13649 new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(),
13650 packlist(), version()
13658 =head2 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
13666 For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For
13667 dynamic extensions at load time
13673 =item LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
13683 =item VMS implementation
13685 =item Win32 implementation
13693 =head2 ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
13703 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods
13711 =item Inherently Cross-Platform Methods
13719 blibdirs_target (o)
13723 =item File::Spec wrappers
13731 =item Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods
13747 makemakerdflt_target
13767 metafile_addtomanifest_target
13769 signature_addtomanifest_target
13773 =item Abstract methods
13775 oneliner, B<quote_literal>, B<escape_newlines>, max_exec_len,
13776 B<init_others>, init_DIRFILESEP, init_linker, init_platform,
13789 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13790 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13804 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13805 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13819 replace_manpage_separator (o)
13823 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13833 =item Overridden methods
13841 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13851 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13852 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13874 init_platform, platform_constants
13880 special_targets (o)
13890 clean_subdirs_target
13894 realclean_subdirs_target
13902 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13903 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13915 init_platform (o), platform_constants
13923 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
13924 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13942 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
13952 =item Overridden methods
13960 B<replace_manpage_separator>
13970 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
13996 clean_subdirs_target
14008 dir_target B<DEPRECATED>
14058 =item Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile
14088 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
14132 post_initialize (o)
14146 realclean_subdirs_target
14148 replace_manpage_separator
14170 test_via_harness (override)
14172 test_via_script (override)
14196 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
14197 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
14207 =item Methods always loaded
14219 guess_name (override)
14223 find_perl (override)
14225 maybe_command (override)
14227 perl_script (override)
14229 replace_manpage_separator
14235 init_main (override)
14237 init_others (override)
14239 init_platform (override)
14243 init_VERSION (override)
14245 constants (override)
14251 const_cccmd (override)
14253 tool_sxubpp (override)
14255 tools_other (override)
14257 init_dist (override)
14267 dynamic_lib (override)
14269 dynamic_bs (override)
14271 static_lib (override)
14273 processPL (override)
14275 installbin (override)
14277 subdir_x (override)
14281 clean_subdirs_target
14283 realclean (override)
14285 zipfile_target (o), tarfile_target (o), shdist_target (o)
14287 dist_test (override)
14291 perldepend (override)
14293 makefile (override)
14295 find_tests (override)
14299 makeaperl (override)
14301 nicetext (override)
14303 prefixify (override)
14323 blibdirs_target (override)
14325 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in
14326 ExtUtils::MakeMaker
14338 =item Overridden methods
14344 replace_manpage_separator
14354 init_platform (o), platform_constants (o)
14356 special_targets (o)
14378 =head2 ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
14388 =item Overriden methods
14404 clean_subdirs_target
14406 realclean_subdirs_target
14418 =head2 ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
14428 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
14438 =item How To Write A Makefile.PL
14440 =item Default Makefile Behaviour
14448 =item PREFIX and LIB attribute
14452 =item Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
14454 =item Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
14456 =item Which architecture dependent directory?
14458 =item Using Attributes and Parameters
14460 ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG,
14461 CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS,
14462 EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN,
14463 FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB,
14464 INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB,
14465 INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB,
14466 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH,
14467 INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR,
14468 INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
14469 INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS,
14470 LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET,
14471 MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT,
14472 OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB,
14473 PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW,
14474 PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
14475 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT,
14476 PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST,
14477 VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION
14479 =item Additional lowercase attributes
14481 clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean,
14482 test, tool_autosplit
14484 =item Overriding MakeMaker Methods
14486 =item The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
14488 C<<MAN3PODS => ' '>>
14490 =item Hintsfile support
14492 =item Distribution Support
14494 make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest,
14495 make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make
14496 uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci
14498 =item Module Meta-Data
14500 =item Disabling an extension
14502 =item Other Handy Functions
14510 PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
14520 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About
14529 =item Module Installation
14531 How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without
14534 =item Philosophy and History
14536 Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What is
14537 Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no
14538 shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft
14540 =item Module Writing
14542 How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manually?, What's
14543 this F<META.yml> thing and how did it get in my F<MANIFEST>?!
14547 How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter
14548 Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same
14561 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker
14575 Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MANIFEST.SKIP,
14584 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm
14594 =head2 ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm
14604 =head2 ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
14642 =item MANIFEST.SKIP
14646 =item GLOBAL VARIABLES
14654 C<Not in MANIFEST:> I<file>, C<Skipping> I<file>, C<No such file:> I<file>,
14655 C<MANIFEST:> I<$!>, C<Added to MANIFEST:> I<file>
14659 B<PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG>
14667 =head2 ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c
14679 =head2 ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
14689 =head2 ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic
14698 DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME
14706 =head2 ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files
14718 new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()
14726 =head2 ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC
14736 =head2 Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
14748 =head2 Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines
14758 =item EXPORTED SYMBOLS
14762 =head2 File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces
14770 fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse
14774 C<basename>, C<dirname>
14778 =head2 File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree
14792 =head2 File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles
14806 =head2 File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
14816 =item Special behaviour if C<syscopy> is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
14818 rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])
14830 =head2 File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some
14840 =item EXPORTS (by request only)
14852 =head2 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
14860 B<find>, B<finddepth>
14866 C<wanted>, C<bydepth>, C<preprocess>, C<postprocess>, C<follow>,
14867 C<follow_fast>, C<follow_skip>, C<dangling_symlinks>, C<no_chdir>,
14868 C<untaint>, C<untaint_pattern>, C<untaint_skip>
14870 =item The wanted function
14872 C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,, C<$_> is the current
14873 filename within that directory, C<$File::Find::name> is the complete
14874 pathname to the file
14882 $dont_use_nlink, symlinks
14886 =item BUGS AND CAVEATS
14892 =head2 File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine
14900 C<GLOB_ERR>, C<GLOB_LIMIT>, C<GLOB_MARK>, C<GLOB_NOCASE>, C<GLOB_NOCHECK>,
14901 C<GLOB_NOSORT>, C<GLOB_BRACE>, C<GLOB_NOMAGIC>, C<GLOB_QUOTE>,
14902 C<GLOB_TILDE>, C<GLOB_CSH>, C<GLOB_ALPHASORT>
14906 C<GLOB_NOSPACE>, C<GLOB_ABEND>
14914 =head2 File::Path - create or remove directory trees
14928 =head2 File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names
14938 canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir,
14939 no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath,
14940 splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()
14948 =head2 File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs
14960 file_name_is_absolute
14964 =head2 File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs
14984 =head2 File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names
15002 =head2 File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
15030 file_name_is_absolute
15052 =head2 File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs
15064 =head2 File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec
15097 file_name_is_absolute
15119 =head2 File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs
15135 =item Methods always loaded
15137 canonpath (override)
15155 case_tolerant (override)
15159 file_name_is_absolute (override)
15161 splitpath (override)
15163 splitdir (override)
15177 =head2 File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs
15203 =item Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
15213 =head2 File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely
15249 =item MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
15263 =item POSIX FUNCTIONS
15273 =item ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
15281 =item UTILITY FUNCTIONS
15293 =item PACKAGE VARIABLES
15295 B<safe_level>, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH
15307 =item Temporary files and NFS
15319 =head2 File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
15335 =head2 FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits
15343 cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR
15351 =head2 FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles
15359 $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines
15365 =head2 Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering
15379 =item Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
15381 =item All-in-one interface
15383 =item Filtering only specific components of source code
15385 C<"code">, C<"executable">, C<"quotelike">, C<"string">, C<"regex">,
15388 =item Filtering only the code parts of source code
15390 Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up
15391 into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the C<'code'>
15392 component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial
15394 described in the previous section.
15396 =item Using Filter::Simple with an explicit C<import> subroutine
15398 =item Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
15410 =head2 Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module
15420 =item B<use Filter::Util::Call>
15424 =item B<filter() and anonymous sub>
15426 B<$_>, B<$status>, B<filter_read> and B<filter_read_exact>, B<filter_del>
15434 =item Example 1: A simple filter.
15436 =item Example 2: Using the context
15438 =item Example 3: Using the context within the filter
15440 =item Example 4: Using filter_del
15444 =item Filter::Simple
15452 =head2 FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script
15460 =item EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
15472 =head2 GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
15488 =head2 Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options
15496 =item Command Line Options, an Introduction
15498 =item Getting Started with Getopt::Long
15502 =item Simple options
15504 =item A little bit less simple options
15506 =item Mixing command line option with other arguments
15508 =item Options with values
15510 =item Options with multiple values
15512 =item Options with hash values
15514 =item User-defined subroutines to handle options
15516 =item Options with multiple names
15518 =item Case and abbreviations
15520 =item Summary of Option Specifications
15522 !, +, s, i, o, f, : I<type> [ I<desttype> ], : I<number> [ I<desttype> ], :
15527 =item Advanced Possibilities
15531 =item Object oriented interface
15533 =item Thread Safety
15535 =item Documentation and help texts
15537 =item Storing options in a hash
15541 =item The lonesome dash
15543 =item Argument callback
15547 =item Configuring Getopt::Long
15549 default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt,
15550 require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override
15551 (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always
15552 (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help
15553 (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix,
15554 prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)
15556 =item Exportable Methods
15558 VersionMessage, C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-output>, HelpMessage
15560 =item Return values and Errors
15566 =item Default destinations
15568 =item Alternative option starters
15570 =item Configuration variables
15574 =item Trouble Shooting
15578 =item GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
15581 =item GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
15583 =item Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
15585 =item How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
15591 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15595 =head2 Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches
15596 with switch clustering
15604 =item C<--help> and C<--version>
15608 =head2 Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
15618 =item Restricted hashes
15620 lock_keys, unlock_keys
15626 lock_value, unlock_value
15628 B<lock_hash>, B<unlock_hash>
15642 =head2 I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
15653 =head2 I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language
15664 the function is_language_tag($lang1)
15666 the function extract_language_tags($whatever)
15668 the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
15670 the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)
15672 the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)
15674 the function super_languages($lang1)
15676 the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)
15678 the function encode_language_tag($lang1)
15680 the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)
15682 the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)
15684 the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function
15685 implicate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )
15689 =item ABOUT LOWERCASING
15691 =item ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
15701 =head2 I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences
15721 =head2 I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages
15729 =item ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
15731 =item LIST OF LANGUAGES
15733 {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} :
15734 Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} :
15735 Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian,
15736 {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)],
15737 {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic,
15738 {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy}
15739 : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} :
15740 Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} :
15741 Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae}
15742 : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} :
15743 Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai}
15744 : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} :
15745 Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} :
15746 Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber
15747 (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini,
15748 {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} :
15749 Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} :
15750 Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian
15751 (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central
15752 American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
15753 {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb}
15754 : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} :
15755 Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} :
15756 Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree,
15757 {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf}
15758 : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based
15759 Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
15760 Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} :
15761 Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru)
15762 Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri,
15763 {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch,
15764 {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi}
15765 : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} :
15766 English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English
15767 (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
15768 Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat}
15769 : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} :
15770 Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French
15771 (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} :
15772 Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan,
15773 {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian,
15774 {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High
15775 German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon}
15776 : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
15777 Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} :
15778 Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian,
15779 {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} :
15780 Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian,
15781 {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo,
15782 {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European
15783 (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua
15784 (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} :
15785 Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} :
15786 Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
15787 languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} :
15788 Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle,
15789 {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} :
15790 Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar}
15791 : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashubian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh,
15792 {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese,
15793 {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz,
15794 {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} :
15795 Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
15796 {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} :
15797 Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} :
15798 Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} :
15799 Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {art-lojban} : Lojban
15800 (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui}
15801 : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai,
15802 {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili,
15803 {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
15804 Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
15805 Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} :
15806 Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai,
15807 [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} :
15808 Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} :
15809 Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)],
15810 {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple
15811 languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan,
15812 {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele,
15813 {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} :
15814 Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean,
15815 {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
15816 Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} :
15817 Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi}
15818 : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} :
15819 Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian
15820 languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} :
15821 Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} :
15822 Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian
15823 (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon}
15824 : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages],
15825 {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} :
15826 Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan,
15827 [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} :
15828 Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan
15829 languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} :
15830 Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami,
15831 [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} :
15832 Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak,
15833 {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
15834 {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign
15835 Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} :
15836 Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave
15837 (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian,
15838 {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} :
15839 Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} :
15840 South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} :
15841 Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati,
15842 {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
15843 Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao,
15844 {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} :
15845 Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} :
15846 Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau,
15847 {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian,
15848 {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} :
15849 Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh}
15850 : Crimean Turkish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} :
15851 Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
15852 {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} :
15853 Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak}
15854 : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was}
15855 : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private
15856 Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} :
15857 Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd}
15858 : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
15863 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
15869 =head2 I18N::Langinfo - query locale information
15887 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
15891 =head2 IO - load various IO modules
15903 =head2 IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles
15911 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
15912 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
15922 =head2 IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
15932 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
15936 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
15945 =head2 IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles
15955 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
15959 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
15960 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
15961 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
15962 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
15974 =head2 IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
15984 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
15988 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
15998 =head2 IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
16008 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
16009 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
16019 =head2 IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects
16027 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
16028 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
16037 =head2 IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call
16047 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
16051 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
16052 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
16053 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
16063 =head2 IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications
16077 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
16078 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
16088 =head2 IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
16104 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
16117 =head2 IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
16131 hostpath(), peerpath()
16141 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory
16150 new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (),
16151 rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]
16161 =head2 IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles
16171 new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile
16175 open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), binmode(
16184 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O
16195 new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )
16199 $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
16200 $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error,
16201 $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ),
16202 $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint
16214 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes
16224 new ( [READER, WRITER] )
16228 reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()
16238 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call
16248 mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove (
16249 IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )
16259 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for
16268 $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET),
16269 WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ),
16278 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
16289 new ( [ HANDLES ] )
16293 add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read (
16294 [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ),
16295 count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] )
16305 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket
16320 accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected,
16321 protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])
16331 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
16332 AF_INET domain sockets
16348 sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost
16361 =head2 IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
16362 AF_UNIX domain sockets
16376 hostpath(), peerpath()
16386 =head2 IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
16396 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
16397 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
16408 =head2 IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing
16422 =head2 IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error
16435 =head2 IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class
16445 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
16446 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
16447 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
16458 =head2 IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants
16476 =head2 IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class
16486 new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set
16487 ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [,
16498 =head2 IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object
16509 new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ),
16510 getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ),
16511 set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N
16522 =head2 List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines
16530 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
16531 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
16535 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
16541 =head2 List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of
16542 general-utility list subroutines
16550 first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce
16551 BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST
16555 =item SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
16561 =head2 List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of
16562 general-utility scalar subroutines
16570 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
16571 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
16572 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
16582 =head2 Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes
16590 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
16594 Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency
16602 =head2 Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)
16610 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
16612 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
16614 code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
16615 country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
16617 =item QUERY ROUTINES
16619 C<all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )>
16621 =item SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
16627 =item rename_country
16635 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
16639 Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO
16640 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html,
16641 http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html,
16642 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html
16650 =head2 Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency
16651 identification (ISO 4217)
16661 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
16663 code2currency(), currency2code()
16665 =item QUERY ROUTINES
16667 C<all_currency_codes()>, C<all_currency_names()>
16671 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
16675 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
16676 http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency
16684 =head2 Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
16693 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
16695 code2language(), language2code()
16697 =item QUERY ROUTINES
16699 C<all_language_codes()>, C<all_language_names()>
16703 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
16707 Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F),
16708 http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html
16716 =head2 Locale::Maketext - framework for localization
16724 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
16730 =item Construction Methods
16732 =item The "maketext" Method
16734 $lh->fail_with I<or> $lh->fail_with(I<PARAM>), $lh->failure_handler_auto
16736 =item Utility Methods
16738 $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular,
16739 $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative),
16740 $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items),
16741 $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()
16743 =item Language Handle Attributes and Internals
16747 =item LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
16749 =item ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
16751 =item BRACKET NOTATION
16753 =item AUTO LEXICONS
16755 =item CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
16757 =item HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
16761 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
16767 =head2 Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization
16775 =item Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
16779 =item A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
16781 =item The Linguistic View
16783 =item Breaking gettext
16785 =item Replacing gettext
16787 =item Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
16789 =item Buzzword: Isomorphism
16791 =item Buzzword: Inheritance
16793 =item Buzzword: Concision
16795 =item The Devil in the Details
16797 =item The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
16805 =head2 Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)
16813 B<alpha-2>, B<alpha-3>, B<numeric>
16817 =item SPECIAL CODES
16821 =item CONVERSION ROUTINES
16823 code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ),
16824 script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )
16826 =item QUERY ROUTINES
16828 C<all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )>, C<all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )>
16832 =item KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
16836 Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
16837 http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
16845 =head2 MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
16853 encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str)
16857 Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data
16867 =head2 MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding
16868 of quoted-printable strings
16876 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
16885 =head2 MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable
16894 encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $binmode),
16903 =head2 Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package
16913 =item Canonical notation
16917 =item C<mantissa()>, C<exponent()> and C<parts()>
16919 =item Accuracy vs. Precision
16923 ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale
16924 ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )
16932 =item Autocreating constants
16938 =item Using Math::BigInt::Lite
16946 stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow
16956 =head2 Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package
16988 =item is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
16990 =item is_pos()/is_neg()
16992 $x->is_pos(); # true if >= 0
16993 $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0
16995 =item is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
17081 =item ACCURACY and PRECISION
17091 =item Rounding mode R
17093 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy
17094 (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage,
17095 Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values,
17108 =item mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
17116 =item Autocreating constants
17122 =item Alternative math libraries
17128 =item Subclassing Math::BigInt
17136 bsqrt(), div(), blog()
17142 broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior
17147 bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling,
17148 Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types,
17159 =head2 Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
17171 =item WRAP YOUR OWN
17175 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
17177 the same terms as Perl itself.
17185 =head2 Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
17197 This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
17199 the same terms as Perl itself.
17207 =head2 Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rational numbers
17229 =item denominator()
17231 $d = $x->denominator();
17241 =item bround()/round()/bfround()
17249 =item is_positive()
17251 =item is_negative()
17275 inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented
17276 except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(),
17277 blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)
17287 =head2 Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical
17300 =item STRINGIFICATION
17304 =item CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
17310 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
17312 =item ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
17320 =head2 Math::Trig - trigonometric functions
17328 =item TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
17334 =item ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
17336 =item SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
17340 =item PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
17342 =item RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
17346 =item COORDINATE SYSTEMS
17348 =item 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
17350 cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian,
17351 cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical
17355 =item GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
17361 =item CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
17371 =head2 Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time
17389 =item C<SCALAR_CACHE>, C<LIST_CACHE>
17391 C<MEMORY>, C<HASH>, C<TIE>, C<FAULT>, C<MERGE>
17395 =item OTHER FACILITIES
17401 =item C<flush_cache>
17407 =item PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
17409 =item EXPIRATION SUPPORT
17417 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
17423 =head2 Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
17432 =head2 Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of
17443 TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE
17455 =head2 Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics
17463 =head2 Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics
17471 =head2 Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for
17480 =head2 Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for
17489 =head2 Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database
17497 =head2 NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files
17505 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
17511 =item C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
17515 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
17519 =head2 NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method
17530 =item Enforcing redispatch
17532 =item Avoiding repetitions
17534 =item Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
17536 =item Using C<EVERY> methods
17542 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
17548 =head2 Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
17558 debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ),
17561 =item CLASS METHODS
17563 debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ...
17564 ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (),
17565 ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()
17575 =head2 Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet
17585 requires_firewall HOST
17587 =item NetConfig VALUES
17589 nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts,
17590 time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive,
17591 ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists
17595 =head2 Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name
17604 hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()
17612 =head2 Net::FTP - FTP Client class
17624 new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
17628 login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]),
17629 site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME
17630 ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [,
17631 RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls (
17632 [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ),
17633 put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE
17634 ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ),
17635 size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
17636 BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ),
17637 stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (),
17638 pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique (
17639 SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ),
17644 =item Methods for the adventurous
17650 =item THE dataconn CLASS
17652 read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ),
17653 bytes_read (), abort (), close ()
17655 =item UNIMPLEMENTED
17657 B<SMNT>, B<HELP>, B<MODE>, B<SYST>, B<STAT>, B<STRU>, B<REIN>
17659 =item REPORTING BUGS
17667 http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/
17675 =head2 Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class
17685 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])
17689 article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head (
17690 [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [
17691 MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ]
17692 ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (),
17693 postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [,
17694 DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (),
17695 post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()
17699 =item Extension methods
17701 newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
17702 overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN
17703 ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath (
17704 MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [
17713 MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, C<[^]-]>, C<*bdc>, C<[0-9a-zA-Z]>, C<a??d>
17723 =head2 Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
17733 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0
17737 auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER
17738 [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities
17739 (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ]
17740 ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ]
17741 ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()
17753 =head2 Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability
17765 Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos
17766 ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );,
17767 $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_service_check( { 0 | 1 } );,
17768 $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack(
17769 [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
17786 =head2 Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
17798 new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )
17802 banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth (
17803 USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ),
17804 send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient (
17805 ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]]
17806 ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ),
17807 data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [
17808 $subject ] ), quit ()
17820 =head2 Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface
17828 inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [,
17829 PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])
17837 =head2 Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*()
17854 =head2 Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions
17862 =item Where to get this document
17864 =item How to contribute to this document
17868 =item Author and Copyright Information
17876 =item Obtaining and installing libnet
17880 =item What is libnet ?
17882 =item Which version of perl do I need ?
17884 =item What other modules do I need ?
17886 =item What machines support libnet ?
17888 =item Where can I get the latest libnet release
17892 =item Using Net::FTP
17896 =item How do I download files from an FTP server ?
17898 =item How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
17900 =item How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
17902 =item How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server
17905 =item How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
17907 =item Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
17909 =item How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
17911 =item Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
17913 =item I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?
17915 =item I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside
17918 =item My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
17920 =item Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
17923 =item I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it
17926 =item Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
17930 =item Using Net::SMTP
17934 =item Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
17937 =item Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
17939 =item The verify method always returns true ?
17943 =item Debugging scripts
17947 =item How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
17951 =item AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
17955 =head2 Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*()
17972 =head2 Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*()
17987 =head2 Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*()
18004 =head2 Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file
18012 =item THE .netrc FILE
18014 machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef
18019 lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])
18023 login (), password (), account (), lpa ()
18033 =head2 O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
18043 =item IMPLEMENTATION
18051 =head2 ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files
18059 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
18065 =item C<odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
18069 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
18073 =head2 Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
18085 =item Operator Names and Operator Lists
18087 an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname
18088 or optag, an operator set (opset)
18090 =item Opcode Functions
18092 opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET),
18093 full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...),
18094 define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...),
18097 =item Manipulating Opsets
18099 =item TO DO (maybe)
18105 =item Predefined Opcode Tags
18107 :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math,
18108 :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open,
18109 :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided,
18118 =head2 Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted
18127 a new namespace, an operator mask
18133 =item RECENT CHANGES
18135 =item Methods in class Safe
18137 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
18138 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
18139 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
18140 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
18142 =item Some Safety Issues
18144 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
18152 =head2 Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when
18165 =head2 POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
18179 _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2,
18180 atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown,
18181 clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime,
18182 cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv,
18183 execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror,
18184 fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf,
18185 fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos,
18186 fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv,
18187 geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
18188 getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha,
18189 isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace,
18190 isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime,
18191 log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr,
18192 memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice,
18193 offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc,
18194 putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename,
18195 rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid,
18196 setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp,
18197 sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat,
18198 strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen,
18199 strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod,
18200 strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain,
18201 tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile,
18202 tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc,
18203 unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
18210 =item POSIX::SigAction
18212 new, handler, mask, flags, safe
18214 =item POSIX::SigSet
18216 new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember
18218 =item POSIX::Termios
18220 new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag,
18221 getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag,
18222 setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc
18223 field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field
18224 values, c_oflag field values
18228 =item PATHNAME CONSTANTS
18232 =item POSIX CONSTANTS
18236 =item SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
18290 Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED,
18291 WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG
18295 =head2 PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::*
18304 :unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32
18308 =item Custom Layers
18312 =item Alternatives to raw
18314 =item Defaults and how to override them
18316 =item Querying the layers of filehandles
18326 =head2 PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer
18338 =head2 PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO
18346 =item IMPLEMENTATION NOTE
18350 =head2 PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
18358 =item EXPECTED METHODS
18360 $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
18361 $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
18362 $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
18363 $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
18364 $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh),
18365 $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh),
18366 $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh),
18367 $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)
18373 =item Example - a Hexadecimal Handle
18379 =head2 PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
18387 =item REQUIRED MODULES
18391 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
18397 =head2 Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors
18403 =item OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
18409 B<-warnings> =E<gt> I<val>
18421 empty =headn, =over on line I<N> without closing =back, =item without
18422 previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end
18423 without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification,
18424 unresolved internal link I<NAME>, Unknown command "I<CMD>", Unknown
18425 interior-sequence "I<SEQ>", nested commands
18426 I<CMD>E<lt>...I<CMD>E<lt>...E<gt>...E<gt>, garbled entity I<STRING>, Entity
18427 number out of range, malformed link LE<lt>E<gt>, nonempty ZE<lt>E<gt>,
18428 empty XE<lt>E<gt>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
18433 multiple occurrence of link target I<name>, line containing nothing but
18434 whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has
18435 no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch (I<one>
18436 vs. I<two>), I<N> unescaped C<E<lt>E<gt>> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No
18437 items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph,
18438 Verbatim paragraph in NAME section, =headI<n> without preceding higher
18443 ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page'
18444 deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /
18456 C<Pod::Checker-E<gt>new( %options )>
18458 C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( @args )>, C<$checker-E<gt>poderror( {%opts},
18461 C<$checker-E<gt>num_errors()>
18463 C<$checker-E<gt>num_warnings()>
18465 C<$checker-E<gt>name()>
18467 C<$checker-E<gt>node()>
18469 C<$checker-E<gt>idx()>
18471 C<$checker-E<gt>hyperlink()>
18479 =head2 Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees
18491 =item C<pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )>
18493 C<-verbose =E<gt> 1>, C<-perl =E<gt> 1>, C<-script =E<gt> 1>, C<-inc =E<gt>
18500 =item C<simplify_name( $str )>
18506 =item C<pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )>
18508 C<-inc =E<gt> 1>, C<-dirs =E<gt> [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]>, C<-verbose =E<gt>
18515 =item C<contains_pod( $file , $verbose )>
18527 =head2 Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML
18537 backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir,
18538 htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot,
18539 quiet, recurse, title, verbose
18553 =head2 Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs,
18566 package B<Pod::InputSource>, package B<Pod::Paragraph>, package
18567 B<Pod::InteriorSequence>, package B<Pod::ParseTree>
18573 =item B<Pod::InputSource>
18597 =item B<was_cutting()>
18603 =item B<Pod::Paragraph>
18609 =item Pod::Paragraph-E<gt>B<new()>
18615 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
18621 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<text()>
18627 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
18633 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_prefix()>
18639 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<cmd_separator()>
18645 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
18651 =item $pod_para-E<gt>B<file_line()>
18657 =item B<Pod::InteriorSequence>
18663 =item Pod::InteriorSequence-E<gt>B<new()>
18669 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<cmd_name()>
18675 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<prepend()>
18681 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<append()>
18687 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<nested()>
18693 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
18699 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<left_delimiter()>
18705 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<right_delimiter()>
18711 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<parse_tree()>
18717 =item $pod_seq-E<gt>B<file_line()>
18723 =item Pod::InteriorSequence::B<DESTROY()>
18729 =item B<Pod::ParseTree>
18735 =item Pod::ParseTree-E<gt>B<new()>
18741 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<top()>
18747 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<children()>
18753 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<prepend()>
18759 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<append()>
18765 =item $ptree-E<gt>B<raw_text()>
18771 =item Pod::ParseTree::B<DESTROY()>
18783 =head2 Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
18795 =item OBJECT METHODS
18803 =item Data Accessors
18819 B<ReplaceNAMEwithSection>
18821 B<StartWithNewPage>
18835 =item Subclassed methods
18849 B<interior_sequence>
18865 =item Methods for headings
18873 =item Internal methods
18879 B<_replace_special_chars>
18881 B<_replace_special_chars_late>
18887 B<_clean_latex_commands>
18889 B<_split_delimited>
18905 =head2 Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
18913 center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes,
18918 roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote
18919 specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown
18920 escape EE<lt>%sE<gt>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched
18931 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18935 =head2 Pod::ParseLink - Parse an LE<lt>E<gt> formatting code in POD text
18947 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
18951 =head2 Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion
18965 Pod::List-E<gt>new()
18973 $list-E<gt>indent()
18981 $list-E<gt>parent()
18987 =item Pod::Hyperlink
18989 Pod::Hyperlink-E<gt>new()
18993 $link-E<gt>parse($string)
18995 $link-E<gt>markup($string)
18999 $link-E<gt>warning()
19001 $link-E<gt>file(), $link-E<gt>line()
19007 $link-E<gt>alttext()
19017 Pod::Cache-E<gt>new()
19023 $cache-E<gt>find_page($name)
19027 =item Pod::Cache::Item
19029 Pod::Cache::Item-E<gt>new()
19033 $cacheitem-E<gt>page()
19035 $cacheitem-E<gt>description()
19037 $cacheitem-E<gt>path()
19039 $cacheitem-E<gt>file()
19041 $cacheitem-E<gt>nodes()
19043 $cacheitem-E<gt>find_node($name)
19045 $cacheitem-E<gt>idx()
19055 =head2 Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators
19067 =item QUICK OVERVIEW
19069 =item PARSING OPTIONS
19071 B<-want_nonPODs> (default: unset), B<-process_cut_cmd> (default: unset),
19072 B<-warnings> (default: unset)
19078 =item RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
19086 C<$cmd>, C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
19092 =item B<verbatim()>
19094 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
19100 =item B<textblock()>
19102 C<$text>, C<$line_num>, C<$pod_para>
19108 =item B<interior_sequence()>
19114 =item OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
19126 =item B<initialize()>
19132 =item B<begin_pod()>
19138 =item B<begin_input()>
19144 =item B<end_input()>
19156 =item B<preprocess_line()>
19162 =item B<preprocess_paragraph()>
19168 =item METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
19174 =item B<parse_text()>
19176 B<-expand_seq> =E<gt> I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_text> =E<gt>
19177 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>, B<-expand_ptree> =E<gt>
19178 I<code-ref>|I<method-name>
19184 =item B<interpolate()>
19190 =item B<parse_paragraph()>
19196 =item B<parse_from_filehandle()>
19202 =item B<parse_from_file()>
19208 =item ACCESSOR METHODS
19214 =item B<errorsub()>
19226 =item B<parseopts()>
19232 =item B<output_file()>
19238 =item B<output_handle()>
19244 =item B<input_file()>
19250 =item B<input_handle()>
19256 =item B<input_streams()>
19262 =item B<top_stream()>
19268 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
19274 =item B<_push_input_stream()>
19280 =item B<_pop_input_stream()>
19286 =item TREE-BASED PARSING
19294 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors
19304 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
19310 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
19322 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
19328 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
19340 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
19346 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
19356 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
19362 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
19372 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
19378 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
19390 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
19396 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
19410 =head2 Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML
19420 =item COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
19426 =head2 Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
19434 alt, indent, loose, sentence, width
19438 Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s,
19439 Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back
19451 =head2 Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.
19471 =head2 Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from
19484 =item SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
19486 =item RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
19492 =item OBJECT METHODS
19498 =item B<curr_headings()>
19510 =item B<add_selection()>
19516 =item B<clear_selections()>
19522 =item B<match_section()>
19528 =item B<is_selected()>
19534 =item EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
19540 =item B<podselect()>
19542 B<-output>, B<-sections>, B<-ranges>
19548 =item PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
19554 =item B<_compile_section_spec()>
19560 =item $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
19566 =item $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
19578 =head2 Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
19586 alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width
19590 Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading:
19591 %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s,
19592 %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d:
19603 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19607 =head2 Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
19621 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19625 =head2 Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike
19640 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19644 =head2 Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format
19659 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
19663 =head2 Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod
19672 C<-message>, C<-msg>, C<-exitval>, C<-verbose>, C<-output>, C<-input>,
19681 =item Recommended Use
19689 =item ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
19693 =head2 SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files
19701 C<O_RDONLY>, C<O_WRONLY>, C<O_RDWR>
19707 =item C<sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>
19711 =item BUGS AND WARNINGS
19715 =head2 Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
19723 a new namespace, an operator mask
19729 =item RECENT CHANGES
19731 =item Methods in class Safe
19733 permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP,
19734 ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from
19735 (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME),
19736 root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)
19738 =item Some Safety Issues
19740 Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes
19748 =head2 Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
19756 blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
19757 looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
19758 set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF
19768 =head2 Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file
19778 =head2 SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle
19788 =head2 SelfLoader - load functions only on demand
19798 =item The __DATA__ token
19800 =item SelfLoader autoloading
19802 =item Autoloading and package lexicals
19804 =item SelfLoader and AutoLoader
19806 =item __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
19808 =item Classes and inherited methods.
19812 =item Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names
19816 =head2 Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl
19828 =item Escaping Magic Characters
19830 =item Configuration
19840 =head2 Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
19841 socket.h defines and structure manipulators
19849 inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST,
19850 INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT,
19851 ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS,
19852 unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un
19853 SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN
19857 =head2 Storable - persistence for Perl data structures
19867 =item ADVISORY LOCKING
19871 =item CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
19873 =item CODE REFERENCES
19875 =item FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
19877 utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable
19879 =item ERROR REPORTING
19887 C<STORABLE_freeze> I<obj>, I<cloning>, C<STORABLE_thaw> I<obj>, I<cloning>,
19892 C<Storable::last_op_in_netorder>, C<Storable::is_storing>,
19893 C<Storable::is_retrieving>
19901 =item Storable magic
19911 =item 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
19923 =head2 Switch - A switch statement for Perl
19937 =item Allowing fall-through
19939 =item Automating fall-through
19941 =item Alternative syntax
19943 =item Higher-order Operations
19959 =head2 Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names
19971 =head2 Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname
19983 =head2 Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl
19984 interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
19992 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
19993 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
19994 in 5.004_02), closelog
20004 =head2 Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog -
20005 Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
20013 openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args,
20014 setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added
20015 in 5.004_02), closelog
20025 =head2 Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
20035 Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in
20036 use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No
20037 comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s
20041 ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED
20051 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20055 =head2 Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface
20071 B<Tgetent>, OSPEED, TERM
20073 B<Tpad>, B<$string>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
20075 B<Tputs>, B<$cap>, B<$cnt>, B<$FH>
20077 B<Tgoto>, B<$cap>, B<$col>, B<$row>, B<$FH>
20085 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
20093 =head2 Term::Complete - Perl word completion module
20101 E<lt>tabE<gt>, ^D, ^U, E<lt>delE<gt>, E<lt>bsE<gt>
20111 =head2 Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various C<readline> packages.
20112 If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.
20120 =item Minimal set of supported functions
20122 C<ReadLine>, C<new>, C<readline>, C<addhistory>, C<IN>, C<OUT>, C<MinLine>,
20123 C<findConsole>, Attribs, C<Features>
20125 =item Additional supported functions
20127 C<tkRunning>, C<ornaments>, C<newTTY>
20137 =head2 Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
20145 =item QUICK START GUIDE
20151 C<plan(...)>, C<tests =E<gt> I<number>>, C<todo =E<gt> [I<1,5,14>]>,
20152 C<onfail =E<gt> sub { ... }>, C<onfail =E<gt> \&some_sub>
20162 C<skip(I<skip_if_true>, I<args...>)>
20168 NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS
20172 =item BUGS and CAVEATS
20184 =head2 Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries
20206 =item Setting up tests
20224 =item Running tests
20230 B<is_eq>, B<is_num>
20232 B<isnt_eq>, B<isnt_num>
20258 B<no_header>, B<no_ending>
20272 B<output>, B<failure_output>, B<todo_output>
20276 =item Test Status and Info
20312 =head2 Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
20328 =item The test script output
20330 B<'1..M'>, B<'ok', 'not ok'. Ok?>, B<test numbers>, B<test names>,
20331 B<Skipping tests>, B<Todo tests>, B<Bail out!>, B<Comments>, B<Anything
20336 =item Configuration variables.
20338 B<$Test::Harness::Verbose>, B<$Test::Harness::switches>
20342 B<Failed Test>, B<Stat>, B<Wstat>, B<Total>, B<Fail>, B<Failed>, B<List of
20369 C<All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s>, C<FAILED tests
20370 %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.>, C<Test returned status %d (wstat
20371 %d)>, C<Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s>, C<Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.
20372 %s>, C<FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s>
20376 C<HARNESS_ACTIVE>, C<HARNESS_COLUMNS>, C<HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST>,
20377 C<HARNESS_DEBUG>, C<HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR>, C<HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE>,
20378 C<HARNESS_NOTTY>, C<HARNESS_OK_SLOW>, C<HARNESS_PERL>,
20379 C<HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES>, C<HARNESS_VERBOSE>
20399 =head2 Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert
20425 =head2 Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator
20443 =head2 Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results
20481 =item C<analyze_fh>
20487 =item C<analyze_file>
20493 =item C<_command_line( $file )>
20511 =item C<_cleaned_switches>
20517 =item C<_INC2PERL5LIB>
20523 =item C<_filtered_INC>
20529 =item C<_restore_PERL5LIB>
20539 =item C<_is_comment>
20547 =item C<_is_header>
20559 =item C<_is_bail_out>
20565 =item C<_reset_file_state>
20575 =item C<_detailize>
20591 =head2 Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts
20601 =item I love it when a plan comes together
20611 =item I'm ok, you're not ok.
20651 =item Conditional tests
20657 B<TODO: BLOCK>, B<todo_skip>
20659 When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?
20663 =item Comparison functions
20677 =item Extending and Embedding Test::More
20687 =item CAVEATS and NOTES
20689 Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade
20703 =head2 Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.
20727 L<Test::More>, L<Test>, L<Test::Unit>, L<Test::Inline>, L<SelfTest>,
20736 =head2 Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests
20744 =item Nuts and bolts of testing.
20746 =item Where to start?
20750 =item Test the manual
20752 =item Sometimes the tests are wrong
20754 =item Testing lots of values
20756 =item Informative names
20758 =item Skipping tests
20762 =item Testing with taint mode.
20774 =head2 Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
20786 =head2 Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
20796 =item General behaviour in list contexts
20800 =item General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
20802 =item A note about prefixes
20804 =item C<extract_delimited>
20806 =item C<extract_bracketed>
20808 =item C<extract_variable>
20812 =item C<extract_tagged>
20814 C<reject =E<gt> $listref>, C<ignore =E<gt> $listref>, C<fail =E<gt> $str>,
20815 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]
20817 =item C<gen_extract_tagged>
20819 =item C<extract_quotelike>
20821 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]
20823 =item C<extract_quotelike> and "here documents"
20825 [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]
20827 =item C<extract_codeblock>
20829 =item C<extract_multiple>
20831 =item C<gen_delimited_pat>
20837 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">, C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
20838 C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">, C<No quotelike
20839 operator found after prefix: "%s">, C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
20840 C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
20841 C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>, C<Mismatched closing
20842 bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">, C<No block delimiter found after
20843 quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
20844 after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
20845 C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>, C<Missing second block for quotelike
20846 "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
20847 /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
20848 nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
20853 =item BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
20859 =head2 Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
20874 =head2 Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described
20891 =head2 Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and
20906 =head2 Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
20922 =head2 Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
20934 $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub,
20935 LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE,
20936 cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield
20940 join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done
20948 =head2 Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues
20956 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
20958 new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending
20964 =head2 Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores
20972 =item FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
20974 new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER
20978 =head2 Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
20993 =head2 Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys
21003 =head2 Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays
21011 TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index,
21012 FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this,
21013 key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this,
21014 SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST
21022 =head2 Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
21042 =item Option Format
21046 =item Public Methods
21054 =item C<defer>, C<flush>, C<discard>, and C<autodefer>
21060 =item Tying to an already-opened filehandle
21062 =item Deferred Writing
21066 =item Autodeferring
21070 =item CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
21076 =item WHAT ABOUT C<DB_File>?
21090 =head2 Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied
21099 TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this,
21100 LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset,
21101 READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this,
21102 EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this
21104 =item MORE INFORMATION
21106 =item COMPATIBILITY
21110 =head2 Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
21119 TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY
21120 this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR
21123 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::StdHash>
21125 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::ExtraHash>
21127 =item C<SCALAR>, C<UNTIE> and C<DESTROY>
21129 =item MORE INFORMATION
21133 =head2 Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed
21141 =item Inheriting from B<Tie::Memoize>
21151 =head2 Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys
21169 =head2 Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied
21178 TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this
21180 =item MORE INFORMATION
21184 =head2 Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
21196 =head2 Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
21205 gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [,
21206 $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ),
21207 alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer (
21208 $which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer (
21219 =item negative time not invented yet
21221 =item internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
21229 =item COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
21233 =head2 Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
21243 =item Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
21245 =item Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
21247 =item Negative Epoch Values
21251 =item IMPLEMENTATION
21261 =head2 Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime()
21276 =head2 Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
21291 =head2 Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
21303 =head2 UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
21311 C<< $obj->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<< CLASS->isa( TYPE ) >>, C<isa( VAL, TYPE )>,
21312 C<TYPE>, C<$obj>, C<CLASS>, C<VAL>, C<< $obj->can( METHOD ) >>, C<<
21313 CLASS->can( METHOD ) >>, C<can( VAL, METHOD )>, C<VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )>
21319 =head2 Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm
21329 =item Constructor and Tailoring
21331 UCA_Version, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreName, ignoreChar,
21332 level, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange,
21333 table, undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower,
21334 variable, alternate
21336 =item Methods for Collation
21338 C<@sorted = $Collator-E<gt>sort(@not_sorted)>, C<$result =
21339 $Collator-E<gt>cmp($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>eq($a, $b)>,
21340 C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ne($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>lt($a,
21341 $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>le($a, $b)>, C<$result =
21342 $Collator-E<gt>gt($a, $b)>, C<$result = $Collator-E<gt>ge($a, $b)>,
21343 C<$sortKey = $Collator-E<gt>getSortKey($string)>, C<$sortKeyForm =
21344 $Collator-E<gt>viewSortKey($string)>
21346 =item Methods for Searching
21348 C<$position = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[, $position])>,
21349 C<($position, $length) = $Collator-E<gt>index($string, $substring[,
21350 $position])>, C<$match_ref = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>,
21351 C<($match) = $Collator-E<gt>match($string, $substring)>, C<@match =
21352 $Collator-E<gt>gmatch($string, $substring)>, C<$count =
21353 $Collator-E<gt>subst($string, $substring, $replacement)>, C<$count =
21354 $Collator-E<gt>gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)>
21356 =item Other Methods
21358 C<%old_tailoring = $Collator-E<gt>change(%new_tailoring)>, C<$version =
21359 $Collator-E<gt>version()>, C<UCA_Version()>, C<Base_Unicode_Version()>
21365 =item Conformance Test
21373 Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Collation
21374 Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable
21375 Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15, L<Unicode::Normalize>
21379 =head2 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms
21389 =item Normalization Forms
21391 C<$NFD_string = NFD($string)>, C<$NFC_string = NFC($string)>,
21392 C<$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)>, C<$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)>,
21393 C<$FCD_string = FCD($string)>, C<$FCC_string = FCC($string)>,
21394 C<$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)>
21396 =item Decomposition and Composition
21398 C<$decomposed_string = decompose($string)>, C<$decomposed_string =
21399 decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)>, C<$reordered_string =
21400 reorder($string)>, C<$composed_string = compose($string)>
21404 C<$result = checkNFD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFC($string)>, C<$result =
21405 checkNFKD($string)>, C<$result = checkNFKC($string)>, C<$result =
21406 checkFCD($string)>, C<$result = checkFCC($string)>, C<$result =
21407 check($form_name, $string)>
21409 =item Character Data
21411 C<$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)>,
21412 C<$compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)>,
21413 C<$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)>,
21414 C<$combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)>, C<$is_exclusion =
21415 isExclusion($codepoint)>, C<$is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint)>,
21416 C<$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint)>,
21417 C<$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)>
21427 http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/,
21428 http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt,
21429 http://www.unicode.org/notes/tn5/
21433 =head2 Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database
21475 =item Blocks versus Scripts
21477 =item Matching Scripts and Blocks
21479 =item Code Point Arguments
21505 =item Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
21511 =item Implementation Note
21523 =head2 User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*()
21538 =head2 User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*()
21549 =item System Specifics
21563 =head2 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
21573 =item Migration from C<DynaLoader>
21575 =item Backward compatible boilerplate
21579 =item Order of initialization: early load()
21583 =item The most hairy case
21593 =head1 AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
21595 Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
21596 don't all have manual pages yet:
21630 Larry Wall <F<larry@wall.org>>, with the help of oodles
projects / p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git / blob